A SYSTEM BASED ON DERMALLY CORRECTED RADIATION INTERACTION AND A SUITABLE METHOD.

Abstract

The invention relates to the detection of ionizing radiation and the transmission of this information to the user. Specifically, the invention falls within the fields of radiation detection systems, radiation-sensitive materials at the micro and nano scales, dermal and epidermal interface technologies, and haptic feedback technologies. The invention concerns the detection of energy accumulation resulting from the interaction of ionizing radiation with biological tissue through distributed sensing structures and the transmission of this information to the user as a non-digital, spatially and temporally variable haptic field.

Description

1 TARIFF A SYSTEM BASED ON DERMALLY CORRECTED RADIATION INTERACTION AND A SUITABLE METHOD FOR THIS Technical Area The invention involves the detection of ionizing radiation and the transmission of this information to the user. 5 It is related. The invention is particularly useful for radiation detection systems, detecting radiation at the micro and nano scales. responsive materials, dermal and epidermal interface technologies, and haptic feedback. It is located in the field of technologies. The invention involves the use of ionizing radiation in biological tissue. Distributed sensing structures resulting from the accumulation of energy due to their interactions 10 detection through this means and the non-numerical, spatial and temporal nature of this information. It involves delivering the information to the user in the form of a variable tactile field. State of the Art Current radiation monitoring systems detect large amounts of ionizing radiation. to measure numerical quantities (dose, dose rate, etc.) and provide this information to the user 15 through visual indicators, auditory alarms, or simple vibration-based alerts It focuses on communication. In current technology, wearable radiation sensors aim to increase portability and provide continuous It was developed to make tracking possible. However, current wearable applications, traditional radiation detection technologies for body-implanted use 20 While adapting it, it does not change the way the information is represented. Radiation data is abstract. and maintains its digital nature; the human user perception and interpretation process It remains outside. The main existing approaches within this scope can be summarized as follows: EP0489852A4 and Patent number US5045700 describes 25 integrated into user-worn equipment. Measurements are taken via radiation detectors, and the results are provided visually, audibly, or... It is delivered via vibration-based stimuli. However, these systems transmit radiation to biological tissue. It does not perceive through an interaction mechanism and is spatially distributed, field It does not produce a similar tactile output. (US8574280 and US9449477) In patents, electromagnetic radiation (such as infrared lasers) is used directly on nerves. 30 2 It is used to stimulate the tissue, and in these systems, radiation is perceived. It is not an environmental factor, but rather a tool that enables the system to function. Current technical solutions have the following fundamental limitations and shortcomings; the first limitation is, It requires a high cognitive load. Current systems require numerical data from the user. It expects the system to interpret or evaluate alarm signals. This situation is 5 user response, especially in dynamic, stressful, or multitasking environments It can delay and limit situational awareness. The second limitation is the point and central measurement approach. Traditional systems generally measuring the presence of radiation through a single or limited number of sensors. Representation through point or average values ​​instead of a spatially continuous structure 10 is doing. The third limitation is the threshold-based alert structure. Many systems only provide alerts upon reaching a certain threshold. It warns the user if the value is exceeded, and this approach protects against radiation. gradual changes in exposure level or low-level but continuous exposure It does not adequately represent their situation. 15 The fourth limitation is the user-separated sensing structure. Existing detectors... It detects radiation through a sensor system independent of the user, and This excludes the user from this process. This situation affects human sensory systems. This results in an indirect transfer of information that is not directly integrated. The fifth limitation is the limited use of haptic feedback. Haptic feedback 20 Even the systems that use them are generally limited to simple vibration alerts; structured information about the spatial distribution, intensity, or duration of radiation and It fails to offer an intuitive understanding. Given these limitations, current technical solutions address the presence of radiation. It is insufficient to present the user with a direct, intuitive and continuous perceptual experience. 25 It is observed that it remains. Consequently, due to the negative aspects described above and Due to the inadequacy of existing solutions on the subject, a need exists in the relevant technical field. Improvements are needed. Purpose of the Invention 3 The invention was created by drawing inspiration from existing situations and overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks. It aims to solve the problem. The primary aim of this invention is to make the presence and intensity of ionizing radiation known to the user. directly perceptible without the need for digital, visual or auditory interfaces It is to transmit through the tactile field. 5 Another aim of the invention is to create a digital system that requires the measurement and interpretation of radiation information. from being data to a directly intuitively perceptible physical sensation. transforming the response to the presence of radiation by reducing the user's cognitive load. to minimize the duration, in environments where visual or auditory stimuli are insufficient to provide continuous awareness, spatial distribution and intensity of radiation 10 to present the existing radiation detection to the user in a field-based perception format The goal is to create an additional layer of security by operating independently of the existing systems. Another aim of the invention is to improve radiation detection and notification processes for the user. by moving away from independent stages and establishing a direct physical causal relationship. The goal is to create an integrated system that works within it. 15 The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. And thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures, it becomes clearer. This will be understood as such, and therefore the evaluation will also take these forms and detailed explanations into account. This should be done taking that into consideration. Figures to Help Understand the Invention 20 Figure 1 shows the layered structure of the system described in the invention in contact with the skin. Figure 2 shows the distributed interaction domains contained within the system that is the subject of the invention, and these domains. It is a view showing the network of connections it has formed. Explanation of Part References A. System 25 1. Radiation-absorbing nanoparticle matrix 2. Converter element 3. Distributed interaction areas 4. Mechanical connection network 4 5. Electrical connection network 6. Actuator array 7. Dermal contact layer 8. Protective top layer 9. Ionizing radiation 5 10. Dermal tissue Detailed Description of the Invention This detailed explanation describes the dermal-related radiation interaction that is the subject of the invention. The preferred structures of the system based on this principle only contribute to a better understanding of the subject. It is explained in this regard. 10 The system (A) that is the subject of the invention absorbs the energy of ionizing radiation (9) locally. increasing the energy release of radiation and converting this energy into a mechanical or electrical effect. Perovskite, high atomic number nanoparticles, that make them ready for conversion. at least one radiation absorber containing structures and / or piezoelectric materials nanoparticle matrix (1), radiation absorbed by the nanoparticle matrix (1) 15 piezoelectric or At least one transducer element (2) consisting of piezoresistive materials, system (A) signals from the converter element (2) placed in a distributed manner on its surface Numerous distributed interactions at the nano-micro scale that respond locally and independently. local mechanics 20 connecting the area (3), distributed interaction areas (3) to each other at least one that transmits deformations to neighboring areas, thus enabling spatial area diffusion. local mechanical connection network (4), connecting distributed interaction areas (3) to each other by collecting electrical signals, contributing to wide-area collective signal formation. at least one electrical connection network (5), mechanical connection network (4) and electrical connection The spatial pattern, temporal structure and density of the signals coming through the network (5) 25 at least one that converts changes into a non-numeric haptic stimulus encoded with those changes actuator array (6), tactile stimulus from actuator array (6) to dermal tissue (10) the most conformally transmitting, biocompatible structure capable of exhibiting elastic deformation a small dermal contact layer (7), outside of the radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1) by covering the surface, the system (A) is protected against mechanical damage and external environmental effects. It contains a small protective top layer (8). The system subject to the invention (A) is a layered structure arranged in a way towards the dermal tissue (10). It has. On the outermost part, there is a protective top layer (8) on the surface that is first exposed to radiation. It receives. Below this is a radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1), below that is The converter element (2) is located. Below the converter element (2), the distributed interaction areas (3) and the mechanical connection network (4) and 5 that connect these areas There is an electrical connection network (5). Below that is the actuator array (6), and at the very bottom is the dermal The dermal contact layer (7) that contacts the tissue (10) is located. Distributed interaction areas (3) positioning the converter element directly below (2), converter by ensuring that the local signals coming from the element (2) are received via the shortest path, the signal It reduces blood loss and accelerates local response formation. 10 Radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1), protective top layer (8) immediately It is located below. Radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1), high atomic These nanoparticles may contain perovskite structures or piezoelectric materials. Radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1) local ionizing radiation (9) energy By absorbing it, it increases the energy release of radiation and transfers this energy to the next 15 ready to be converted into a mechanical or electrical effect to be transmitted to the layer Energy absorption exhibits a depth-dependent profile depending on the type of radiation. and selectively activates structures at different depths. The converter element (2) is immediately above the radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1) It is located below and forms the critical intermediate layer in the signal conversion chain. 20 The transducer element (2) consists of piezoelectric or piezoresistive materials and converting the radiation energy absorbed by the nanoparticle matrix (1) into an electrical signal or This transformation process is caused by radiation. a local accumulation of energy that can be measured and transmitted as a physical effect — electrical charge or pressure change — enables its conversion. The piezoelectric transducer element (2) 25 Its characteristic is the simultaneous generation of electrical signals through mechanical deformation. Since it can perform this, this layer can both through distributed interaction areas (3) It contributes to both the mechanical connection network (4) and the electrical connection network (5). The sensitivity and frequency response of the transducer element (2) determine the radiation type (A) of the system and It directly affects the ability to distinguish intensity. 30 Radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1) and converter element (2), different functions While fulfilling the same purpose, they can be selected from the same material class. For example, both are a 6 It may contain piezoelectric material (e.g., PZT). In this case, the distinction between the two elements is made. It does not originate from the type of material but from the functional role: the matrix (1) primarily Since it is responsible for absorbing the energy of ionizing radiation (9), radiation High atomic number additives (e.g., gold, bismuth) are used to increase absorption efficiency. It may also contain (tungsten); the converter element (2) converts the absorbed energy into electricity 5 It is selected to convert it into a signal or mechanical deformation. The two elements consisting of the same material class, simplifying the production process, and interlayer It offers an advantage in terms of increased mechanical compatibility. Distributed interaction areas (3) are located under the converter element (2) and mechanically. 10 distributed across the surface of system (A) along the electrical connection networks (4, 5). These areas are located at nano-micro scales and are either ordered or stochastic. It can be distributed. Each distributed interaction area (3) is an independent local sensor unit. By acting as such, it processes the signals coming from the converter element (2) locally and It generates a response to be transmitted over the connection networks (4, 5). Distributed interaction The density and number of areas (3) directly affect the spatial resolution of the system (A). determines. Mechanical connection network (4) and electrical connection network (5), distributed interaction areas (3) They function as physical continuity networks connecting each other. Mechanical linkage network (4), transmitting local mechanical deformations to neighboring areas spatial area while enabling its spread; the electrical connection network (5) collects local electrical signals 20 It contributes to the formation of a large-scale collective signal. This structure exhibits elastic deformation. They can be created using polymer bases that can exhibit transparency and conductive nanomaterials. Connection density and impedance values ​​determine the speed and continuity of field propagation. determines. Local responses interact with each other through connection networks (4, 5) to form a wide range. It spreads across the area; without requiring central control or overt digital signal processing. 25 It creates a collective space that exhibits continuity at the spatial level. The actuator array (6) is located under the connection networks (4, 5) and is vibrotactile It consists of actuators or electroactive materials. Actuator array (6), connection spatial pattern of electrical and / or mechanical signals coming through networks (4, 5), non-digital tactile 30 encoded with temporal structure and density changes It converts to a warning. As the radiation intensity increases, the effective area of ​​the actuator array (6) It expands; it contracts as it decreases. 7 The dermal contact layer (7) constitutes the bottom layer of the system (A) and the dermal biocompatible elastic deformation that can provide conformal contact with tissue (10) It has a structure. The dermal contact layer (7) provides tactile feedback from the actuator array (6). It transmits the stimulus efficiently and conformally to the dermal tissue (10). The thickness of the structure, elastic modulus and biocompatibility, energy of radiation in dermal tissue (10) 5 It determines the relationship between absorption and system (A) response. In this way, dermal tissue (10), (A) becomes an active sensing component of the system. System (A) consists of stacked elements placed on top of each other, as shown in cross-section in Figure 1. It is arranged in layers. The outermost layer is a protective top layer. (8) protects the system (A) from the external environment and ensures mechanical integrity. This layer, 10 The layers are selected in such a way as to allow the passage of ionizing radiation (9). The layers are respectively protective top layer (8), radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1), converter element (2) is arranged as; distributed interaction under the converter element (2) areas (3) and the mechanical connection network (4) and electrical connection that connect them The network (5) is located; at the bottom are the actuator array (6) and the dermal contact layer (7). 15 Layer thicknesses and material selections will optimize system (A) performance. It is determined in this way. The method that constitutes the system (A); i. ionizing radiation (9) — alpha, beta, gamma, X-ray or neutron — of the system (A) Radiation absorbing nanoparticle 20 passing through the protective top layer (8) reaching the matrix (1) and local energy accumulation taking place here, ii. This energy absorbed by the radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1), piezoelectric load generation by the converter element (2) or mechanical electrical signal or pressure change in the form of deformation conversion, 25 iii. The distributed interaction fields (3) of these signals coming from the converter element (2) reaching, iv. each distributed interaction domain (3) local response independently of these signals to produce, v. local responses via mechanical network (4) and electrical network (5) 30 Transmission to neighboring distributed interaction areas (3), 8 vi. Spatial continuity of distributed interaction areas (3) at system (A) level creating a collective space that demonstrates, vii. Transformation of the collective space into tactile stimulus via actuator array (6) and transmission to the user via the dermal contact layer (7), viii. The user's radiation presence is assessed by the width, intensity, and dynamics of the tactile field. 5 intuitively perceiving change It includes the steps. In certain implementations, system (A) can also shape the collective physical response or It may include optional control logic aimed at stabilization. This control The inclusion of logic is not essential for the basic function (A) of the system; tactile area 10 formation directly from physical connection and field aggregation mechanisms This can be the source. When control logic is available, the response is converted to numerical dosimetric values. or the robustness and consistency of the tactile field without converting it into discrete measurement outputs or it works to increase its temporal stability. The system subject to the invention (A) has a flexible and conformal structure that allows for different dermal contacts. It can be adapted to scenarios. System (A), via dermal contact layer (7) conformal to the skin surface (e.g., forearm, wrist, chest or back area) It can be positioned in this way. Alternatively, system (A) is used in environments where radiation is involved. inside personal protective equipment such as gloves, arm guards, coveralls or vests used 20 integrated into the surface, the hardware will come into contact with the user's skin when worn. It can be positioned in this way. In both cases, the basic operating principle of the system (A) is — Converting the physical field created as a result of radiation interaction into a tactile stimulus. It remains unchanged; only geometric and mechanical adaptations are made according to the application area. The system (A) that is the subject of the invention is to provide the user with ionizing radiation (9) in environments where it is present. 25 directly through a tactile area without requiring a digital or visual interface It can be used in various fields of application to foster intuitive awareness. System (A), forearm of workers in nuclear facilities and industrial radiation environments or it is implemented as a wearable structure integrated into the wrist area. The user, The tactile field widens and intensifies as one gets closer to the radiation source, As he moves further away, he feels it diminishing. 30 9 In clinical radiotherapy applications, system (A) attaches a conformal patch to the patient's body. It is applied as such, and the onset and duration of radiation during treatment are directly controlled. It is perceived tactilely. System (A) in personal protective equipment integration, An additional device can be carried by integrating it into the inner surface of existing protective equipment. It eliminates the need. 5 In research laboratories and particle accelerators, system (A) researchers They are integrated into clothing or testing areas. Emergency response. systems integrated into the protective clothing of rescue teams in operations (A) radiation in environments where visibility is limited or auditory stimuli are insufficient. It instantly detects the threat through tactile feedback. 10 in military and defense applications. System (A) has an electromagnetic signature thanks to its passive or semi-passive operating principle. It operates independently of existing communication systems without requiring the creation of new ones. 20

Claims

REQUESTS 1. Dermal-linked, radiation-interaction based system (A), its characteristic is; • by locally absorbing the energy of ionizing radiation (9) increases energy release and converts that energy into a mechanical or electrical effect. high atomic number 5 that makes it ready for conversion nanoparticles, perovskite structures and / or piezoelectric materials containing at least one radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1), • energy absorbed by the radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1) piezoelectric, which converts into an electrical signal or mechanical deformation. or at least one transducer element made of piezoresistive materials 10 (2), • system (A) surface has distributed transducers responding locally independently to signals from the element (2), nano- numerous distributed interaction areas at the micro scale (3), • local mechanics connecting distributed interaction areas (3) 15 by transmitting deformations to neighboring areas, spatial area expansion at least one mechanical connection network (4), • local electrical signals connecting distributed interaction areas (3) by collecting and contributing to the formation of a wide-area collective signal, at least an electrical connection network (5), 20 • via mechanical connection network (4) and electrical connection network (5) signals through spatial patterns, temporal structure, and intensity changes at least one that converts into a coded non-numeric haptic stimulus actuator array (6), • The tactile stimulus from the actuator array (6) is transmitted to the dermal tissue (10) 25 Conformally transmitting, capable of exhibiting biocompatible elastic deformation. having at least one dermal contact layer (7), • covering the outer surface of the radiation absorbing nanoparticle matrix (1) system (A) at least that protects against mechanical damage and external environmental effects a protective top layer (8) 30 It includes. 11 2. According to claim 1, the system is (A) and its characteristic is; distributed interaction areas (3) system (A) is the regular or stochastic distribution on the surface.

3. According to claim 1, the system is (A) and its characteristic is that the mechanical connection network (4) is elastic. conductive 5 placed on a polymer base that can deform It is composed of nanomaterials.

4. According to claim 1, the system is (A) and its characteristic is that the electrical connection network (5) is elastic. A conductor placed on a polymer base that can deform. It is composed of nanomaterials. 10 5. Method for a dermal-associated, radiation-interaction based system (A) Its characteristic is; i. ionizing radiation (9) — alpha, beta, gamma, X-ray or neutron — 15 passing through the protective top layer (8) of the system, the radiation absorber reaching the nanoparticle matrix (1) and local energy accumulation here happening, ii. This energy absorbed by the nanoparticle matrix (1) is converted to the converter piezoelectric charge generation by element (2) or mechanical 20 electrical signal or pressure change in the form of deformation transformation, iii. distributed interaction of these signals coming from the converter element (2) reaching their areas (3), iv. each distributed interaction area (3) local 25 independently of these signals producing a response, v. local responses, mechanical network (4) and electrical network (5) Transmission to neighboring distributed interaction areas (3) via, vi. distributed interaction areas (3) spatially at the system (A) level creating a continuous collective space, 30 vii. tactile stimulation through the actuator array of the collective space (6) transformation and to the user via the dermal contact layer (7) transmission, 12 viii. The user's radiation presence is assessed by the width and intensity of the tactile field. intuitively perceiving dynamic change, It includes the steps.

6. The method according to claim 5, its characteristic is; radiation-absorbing nanoparticles. Depth-dependent energy absorption of the matrix (1) depending on the radiation type 5 It is about creating a profile. 15

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