GPS AND GSM-BASED LANDSLIDE MONITORING SYSTEM

Abstract

The invention relates to a GPS and GSM-based landslide monitoring system that enables the monitoring of ground movements in landslide-prone areas with high accuracy and in real-time via GPS, the remote transmission and analysis of the obtained data via GSM communication infrastructure, and the automatic sending of early warnings to relevant individuals and institutions if critical threshold values ​​are exceeded.

Description

1 TARIFF GPS AND GSM-BASED LANDSLIDE MONITORING SYSTEM TECHNICAL FIELD The invention uses sensors and GPS 5 to detect ground movements in areas at risk of landslides. through which highly precise measurement and real-time monitoring providing, the data obtained is transmitted wirelessly via the GSM communication infrastructure. It offers remote analysis capabilities thanks to its transmission, and the analysis result reaches a critical threshold. If these values ​​are exceeded, an automatic early warning notification will be sent to the relevant individuals and institutions. with an integrated GPS and GSM-based landslide monitoring system that enables the transmission of 10 It is related. PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE Classical geodetic measurements and total stations are used to monitor landslides. Systems using inclinometers, piezometers and periodic GPS measurements are employed. 15 In addition, there is an interferometric synthetic aperture radar called InSAR, Light detection and ranging, known as LiDAR, and other remote sensing systems. techniques for examining deformations over large areas It is being utilized. Registered with TÜRKPATENT under application number 2014 / 09094. “Mechanical Landslide Early Warning System” is one of the known applications in this field. 20 A significant portion of these methods and systems have high installation and operating costs. It has a cost. The mechanical system lacks GPS and GSM infrastructure. Furthermore, When fiber optic and cable systems are disconnected from each other, the systems It is also not possible to perform the study. In some applications, measurements cannot be carried out. and for evaluation, continuous fieldwork, expert personnel or complex 25 Data processing processes are needed. Some of the existing solutions are real. It does not offer timely data transmission and automatic early warning notification capabilities. Part of it operates by relying on external communication infrastructures. In known systems, only position change information is used. A single one. Data from the sensor is transmitted via wire, and data from 30 different sensors is collected. The ability to evaluate the data together is also limited. This situation arises from sudden developments. This makes it difficult to predict landslides and the measures that can be used for intervention. This shortens the time frame. However, failure to identify the landslide risk in time can lead to loss of life. and can lead to increased property losses. 2 THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the invention is to reduce ground movements in areas at risk of landslides. capable of measuring with precision and offering real-time monitoring, the obtained data transmitted wirelessly over GSM communication infrastructure 5 that can transmit data from different sensors to the central unit and evaluate the data together. The goal is to create a system that can generate automatic early warnings. Another aim of the invention is to create an economical and easy-to-use system that operates with low energy consumption. The aim is to provide a viable landslide monitoring system. Thanks to this system, data obtained in the field... Remote monitoring of tilt, acceleration, and vibration data using acquired GPS location data, If the analysis and determined critical threshold values ​​are exceeded, the authorized persons will be notified. 10 Emergency teams and relevant institutions are alerted via SMS, voice call, or email. It is intended to be sent. The invention also provides continuous operation through the use of its integrated solar panel and battery. capable of functioning, expandable in any number, able to communicate with each other, no system malfunction By applying interpolation to the stations providing the data, it eliminates interruptions in data analysis, 15 enabling the secure transmission and storage of data, reducing the risk of landslides. early detection helps in making quick decisions and interventions. It aims to provide an integrated monitoring structure. LIST OF FIGURES 20 Figure 1. Representation of a steel pipe. Figure 2. Illustration of the coupling sleeve. Figure 3.1. Perspective view of the fixing stake. Figure 3.2. Front view of the fixing stake. Figure 3.3 shows the internal threaded connection section in the inner part of the fixing stake. 25 cross-sectional view Figure 3.4. Bottom view showing the star cross-section of the anchor stake. Figure 4. Representation of the title plate. Figure 5.1. Representation of the external hardware of the system box. Figure 5.2. Illustration of the internal components of the system box. 30 The corresponding numbers in the figures are: 1. Steel pipe 2. Connecting sleeve 3 3. Fixing stake 4. Title plate 5. System box 6. GPS antenna 7. GSM antenna 5 8. Solar panel 9. GPS module 10. GSM module 11. Slope-acceleration and vibration measurement module 12. Battery and system module 10 13. Hinge 14. Stabilizing elements D1. Outer diameter of the steel pipe. D2. Inner diameter of steel pipe is 15 D3. Length of the coupling sleeve L. Length of steel pipe DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention applies to areas with a history of landslides or a predicted risk of landslides. It is installed to enable continuous monitoring of ground movements. The system is placed on the ground. fixed mechanical support structure, water located on the said support structure waterproof system box (5), GPS and GSM communication components (9, 10), tilt-acceleration with vibration measurement components (11), energy units (12) and obtained data It includes a communication network that is evaluated and converted into an early warning notification. 25 The main body of the mechanical support structure is made of galvanized and demountable steel. It consists of pipe (1). The outer diameter of the steel pipe (1) is 5 cm (D1), the inner diameter is 4 cm (D2) and the wall The thickness is 0.5 cm and the length (L) of (D1-D2) depends on the structure of the ground where the system will be installed and It can be modified depending on the character of the landslide. Located at the ends of the pipe. Galvanized and demountable coupling sleeve (2), for multiple pipes (1) 30 It allows for joining. Joining sleeve (2) 10 cm long (D3) It connects the steel pipes (1) that form the main body. Therefore, the mechanical part of the system to be placed in the ground will vary according to site conditions. They can be prepared in various lengths. 4 The main body is fixed to the landslide-prone ground using galvanized and demountable star-section steel. (Figure 3.4) is provided by fixing stake (3). Fixing stake (3) is steel It is made of material and coated with hot-dip galvanizing. The length of the stake (3) It is 100 cm long and can be extended according to terrain conditions. The top part measures 30 × 30 cm. Internal threaded connection section that allows connection of the main body with a plate of dimensions 5 It is located (Figure 3.3). The star-shaped cross-section shows the stake (3) being placed in the ground. It is used in securing mechanical load-bearing structures. Galvanized demountable head plate (4), system on fixing stake (3) It allows for the placement of the box. The header plate measures 30 × 30 cm and It is 1 cm thick. The plate has an internally threaded 10-inch plate that is 4 cm high and 5 cm in diameter. The connection section and corner sections have connection holes. This structure forms the system. It allows the box to be fixed onto the mechanical support section. The mechanical support structure protects the system against external environmental conditions and impacts. There is a waterproof PVC system box (5) protecting it. The system box (5) top and It consists of two units, the upper unit containing the GPS antenna (6), GSM 15 The antenna (7) and solar panel (8) are located in the lower unit. The GPS module (9) and GSM module are located in the lower unit. It includes module (10), slope-acceleration measurement module (11), battery and system module (12). The system box (5) can be opened via hinges (13) and fixing elements (14) It can be shut down and holds the system components together. The GPS module (9) enables the acquisition of location data for the point where the system is installed. The slope-acceleration and vibration measurement module (11) provides the landslide monitoring system. Triaxial (x, y, z) measurements of slope changes occurring on the ground where it is installed It is designed to measure accelerations and vibrations. The battery and system module (12) provide the electrical energy required for the operation of the system. The battery provides control of the system's electronic components and data processing. 25 It includes the microcontroller that performs the battery, GPS module (9), GSM module (10), Tilt-acceleration and vibration measurement module (11) and microcontroller required for operation It provides electrical energy. The microcontroller uses the position data obtained from the GPS module (9) to determine the slope-acceleration. sensor fusion 30 inertial measurement data obtained from vibration measurement module (11) It is structured to process by combining sensors using this method. This is called sensor fusion. As a result of the process, the position of the system relative to its initial position on the ground where it is installed. The change is being determined. GSM module (10), position change obtained by microcontroller to enable the transfer of data to a remote server via a mobile communication network It is structured accordingly. The remote server receives the location change transmitted to it via the GSM module (10). to store data, record it over time and according to predetermined 5 It is structured to compare with critical threshold values ​​obtained at different times. By recording the location change data, the system is installed. changes in position on the ground over time Monitoring is ensured. The location change data exceeding a predetermined critical threshold value is 10. In this case, an alarm is generated by the remote server and sent to the relevant users. A warning notification can be sent. Thus, a warning is issued for the area where the system is installed. Remote detection of position changes occurring across borders, Monitoring is carried out and relevant users are informed in case of potential risk situations. The solar panel (8) produces electrical energy and stores 15 in the battery and system module (12). to ensure the battery is charged and the system's energy needs are met. It is structured in such a way that the landslide monitoring system does not require an external power source. its ability to operate independently of its power source and for extended periods in field conditions. This allows for periodic measurement and monitoring. When an area with a history of landslides or a predicted risk of landslides is identified, 20 First, the main body will be formed by taking into account the soil structure and the character of the landslide. The number and length of steel pipes (1) are determined. In order to reach the required length Steel pipes (1) are connected to each other via connecting sleeves (2). The prepared main body is joined with a star-section fixing stake (3) and the resulting The mechanical structure is fixed to the ground. Then the head plate (4), the main body and 25 The mechanical section is completed by mounting it on the pile (3). After the mechanical section was installed, the GPS module (9), the GSM module (10), waterproof carrying the slope-acceleration measuring module (11), battery and system module (12) The PVC system box (5) is placed on the header plate (4). GPS antenna (6), With the connection of the GSM antenna (7) and the solar panel (8) to the system, the field monitoring system becomes 30 It is made ready for use. After installation, the system is calibrated and initial The system is being read and checked to ensure that the components and communication links are functioning correctly. is being done. 6 When the system starts, position data, slope-acceleration data are received from the GPS module (9). with the vibration measurement module (11) and the slope-acceleration and vibration changes in the ground Data related to this is collected. The collected data is processed by the system module and GSM module (10) to a central server via GSM communication network The measurements stored in the database are transferred to the monitoring and analysis software 5. It is evaluated through this method and compared with predetermined threshold values. If the measured values ​​do not exceed the critical threshold values, the data is recorded. It is being recorded, archived, and reported. One of the critical threshold values If this occurs, the system identifies the danger and issues an automatic early warning. It generates a notification. The generated alerts are sent via a central server to GSM communication 10 via SMS, voice call through the channel, and via email through the internet connection. This information is sent to authorities, emergency teams, and relevant organizations for monitoring. Results and notifications are also accessible to users via the web or mobile panel. It is presented. Thanks to this working method, the location, slope, and acceleration of the landslide-prone area are determined. and vibration data is continuously monitored in real time, transmitted wirelessly, and They are evaluated together. Automatic messages are sent upon detection of critical changes. Warnings aim to inform authorized persons and institutions and to respond quickly to the danger situation. It ensures that intervention is made. 25

Claims

7 REQUESTS 1. Soil in areas with a history of landslides or where landslide risk is predicted. their movements are continuously and instantly monitored, and the data obtained is transmitted wirelessly. and automatic early transfer if critical threshold values ​​are exceeded. GPS and GSM-based landslide monitoring for sending warning notifications. It is a system, and its feature is; - a mechanical support main body fixed to the ground, its length depending on the structure of the ground where the system will be installed and the character of the landslide at least one replaceable galvanized demountable steel pipe (1), 10 - mechanical carrier main by connecting more than one steel pipe (1) to each other at least one galvanized steel allows the body to be prepared in different lengths. demountable coupling sleeve (2), - the mechanical carrier main body in question ensures that it is fixed to the ground. Galvanized demountable star-section fixing stake (3), 15 - placement of the system box (5) on the mechanical support structure galvanized demountable header plate (4) - upper and lower sections that protect the system against external environmental conditions and impacts. consisting of two units and hinges (13) and fixing elements (5), waterproof PVC system box which can be opened and closed via (14), 20 - GPS antenna (6), GSM located on the top unit of the system box (5). antenna (7) and solar panel (8), - located in the sub-unit (5) of the system box, where the system is installed GPS module (9) which enables the acquisition of position data of the point, obtained The collected data is transmitted to the central server via the GSM communication network. 25 GSM module (10) which enables transmission, slope occurring in the ground- Tilt-acceleration vibration measurement module that detects vibration changes with acceleration. (11) necessary for the operation of the measurement, processing and communication components It is characterized by containing a battery and system module (12) that provides energy.

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