Dental graft production method

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing dental grafts used to achieve bone regeneration in the area of ​​alveolar (tooth socket) bone defects.

Description

Dental graft production method TECHNICAL FIELD The invention has applications in the fields of medicine and biomedical engineering in general, and dental and Maxillofacial (upper jaw and face region) surgery, especially bone surgery. augmentation (enhancement), repair of bone defects, bone regeneration, and Production of biomimetic three-dimensional grafts used for implant applications and It is related to its implementation. The invention specifically addresses bone defects in the alveolar (tooth socket) bone region. with the method of producing dental graft used to ensure regeneration It is related. STATE OF THE ART Today, autogenous grafts and allogeneic grafts are used for alveolar bone augmentation. xenografts, alloplastic synthetic grafts, and barrier membranes (PTFE and titanium) (supported membranes) are commonly used. Autogenous bone grafts, due to its osteogenic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, it is considered the gold standard. It is accepted that it has high biocompatibility and osseointegration capabilities. It offers this. However, this method carries risks such as donor site morbidity and the need for a second surgical site. disadvantages include limited graft volume, postoperative pain, and graft resorption over time. It has significant disadvantages. Allogeneic and xenograft materials from the donor site eliminating the need for it, however, carries the risk of an immune response and the possibility of disease transmission. and includes disadvantages such as long integration times. Alloplastic synthetic Although grafts are biocompatible, they have complex micro-structures similar to natural bone tissue. It cannot adequately replicate its architecture and is limited in terms of biological activity. It can remain. In addition, most of these materials will reduce the risk of infection. It lacks intrinsic antibacterial properties. Guided bone regeneration (GBR) PTFE and titanium-reinforced membranes used in these techniques improve graft stability. It is preferred for this purpose and can increase surgical success. However, 2 These membranes pose risks such as membrane exposure, infection, and soft tissue irritation. and can lead to complications such as the need for high surgical precision. This can negatively affect the treatment process. Another significant limitation of grafts in the current technique is their inability to perfectly match the defect morphology. grafts that provide personalized, customizable products with a controlled pore architecture The problem is its limitations. Traditional graft materials are generally available in standard geometries. It is presented and requires shaping during surgery, this situation This prolongs the operation time, reduces mechanical stability, and hinders the desired biological performance. This makes it difficult to achieve the desired performance. In this context, with current techniques; eliminating the need for a donor site, cortical and spongy tissue of natural bone custom-made, controlled and interconnected pores that can mimic its structure with its architecture, exhibiting high biocompatibility, osteoconductive and osteoinductive properties. offering these features together, and also having antibacterial properties added. a bone graft that reduces the risk of infection and facilitates surgical procedure The material is needed. Document number US2022395611A1 encountered under the known state of the art. This document is about biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. [Summary of this document] According to this; cellular materials and nucleic acids in the tissue have been removed, three-dimensional a porous, decellularized plant or fungal tissue Scaffold biomaterials containing decellularized plant cells are presented. or the mushroom tissue may optionally be at least partially coated or mineralized. can be made; the scaffold biomaterial can optionally be a protein-based hydrogel and / or It may contain a polysaccharide-based hydrogel or both. This document refers to NCC. due to its use, the porous nature of its structure, and the hydroxyapatite material. Its use has been mentioned. In this mentioned structure, direct decellularization scaffolding made from decellularized (cleared) natural plant or fungal tissues Due to its use, there is a dependence on the intrinsic anatomical architecture of the tissue, and patient / defect-specific precise external geometry and controlled pore (lattice) architecture It is not possible to design and produce it exactly as intended. Furthermore, the natural texture... mechanical strength of scaffolds, especially in the dental and maxillofacial fields Its inability to withstand chewing forces, decellularization processes The difficulty of standardization, the variability on a batch basis, and the structure 3 with targeted antibacterial / bioactive agents to prevent the risk of infection (such as boron compounds, etc.) cannot be functionalized in a holistic and controlled manner. It has disadvantages and technical limitations. Document number CN121154933A describes natural tooth composite for alveolar bone repair. bone grafting scaffold from the material and its design and preparation method It is related to the method mentioned; teeth undergoing orthodontic treatment, impacted teeth, multiple teeth. teeth, loose teeth and other natural teeth extracted during oral medical treatment. and applying technical processes to obtain raw material powder; bioactive glass powder, carbon-based material powder and natural tooth powder are ground in a ball mill mixing and obtaining mixed powder; mixed powder as raw material the use of computer-aided design and digital light processing technology in 3D printing obtaining the bone grafting scaffold; and the surface of the 3D printed bracket. Modification of polydopamine-carbon based material using composite coating and the steps for obtaining a natural tooth composite material bone grafting bracket It includes. In this aforementioned structure, the raw materials are drawn as a source. Use of human / natural teeth; biological safety, cross-contamination, pathogens and the risk of disease transmission, as well as significant limitations in ethical and regulatory approval processes. It creates. Also, the collection, disinfection, calcination, and processing of extracted teeth. The steps involved in grinding the material into powder using ball mills require a high level of labor. It requires costly and complex pre-processing; standardization of raw material sourcing. Differences in chemical and mechanical properties between batches due to inability to verify This can occur. However, carbon-based materials and polydopamine Coatings may have potential cytotoxicity risks, and the structure and bone a boron that will simultaneously accelerate recovery and effectively prevent the risk of infection compounds and nanocrystalline cellulose-based sustainable composite structure and optimized It cannot offer surface functionalization. As a result, improvements are being made in the methods of producing dental grafts. Therefore, it will eliminate the disadvantages mentioned above and improve existing systems. New structures are needed to provide solutions. 4 THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The present invention meets the aforementioned requirements and overcomes all the disadvantages. with a dental graft production method that eliminates and brings some additional advantages It is related. The main objective of the invention is to create a biomimetic, three-dimensional nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) based product. the production of a bone graft structure that can be printed and manufactured specifically for the defect to provide. One aim of the invention is to use nanocrystalline cellulose as a ready-made material from an external source. not being, but being obtained from a natural and sustainable biomass source The aim is to ensure both cost-effectiveness and environmentally friendly production. The aim is to provide a significant advantage. Another aim of the invention is to make the aforementioned graft a three-part MSLA-based (using liquid resin) graft. Using three-dimensional printing methods, the cortical and spongy architecture of natural bone was reproduced. produced in a controlled and interconnected porous lattice structure form that mimics The aim is to provide both mechanical and biological resistance. Thanks to this structure, it offers both mechanical and biological strength. The aim is to optimize its performance. The invention uses... Nanocrystalline cellulose, with its high biocompatibility, mechanical strength and surface properties. Its suitability for modification offers both structural and biological advantages. It provides. Another objective of the invention is to improve the spongy structure of the produced graft, cell infiltration, optimized to support vascularization and new bone formation. The goal is to ensure that it has the appropriate pore size and distribution. The cortical structure, however... By increasing mechanical stability, it maintains shape integrity during surgical procedures. that is intended. Another aim of the invention is to modify the surface of the graft. The aim is to ensure its functionalization. In this context, the osteoconductive properties of the graft... The aim is to enhance and impart antibacterial properties. In this way... Supporting bone regeneration while also reducing the risk of infection. is provided. Another aim of the invention is to enable defect-specific and personalized production. eliminating the need for additional shaping during surgical operation, The goal is to shorten the operation time and ensure complete integration of the graft into the defect area. All the advantages mentioned above and explained in detail below. The present invention aims to achieve this by modifying the bone in the alveolar bone defect region. It is the method of producing dental grafts used to ensure regeneration; • Obtaining nanocrystalline cellulose from plant-based raw materials, • Three-dimensional printable photopolymer from the resulting nanocrystalline cellulose preparation of composites, • defect-specific grid-structured graft produced layer by layer using a 3D printer. production, • Application of hydroxyapatite and boron compounds to the surface of the produced block graft A structure containing the process steps has been obtained. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are detailed below. This will be understood more clearly thanks to the explanation. Therefore, the evaluation will also be clearer. This should be done taking this detailed explanation into account. DETAILED EXPLANATION OF THE INVENTION This detailed description explains the preferred method for producing dental grafts, which is the subject of this invention. These structures are solely for the purpose of better understanding the subject and have no It is explained in a way that will not create a limiting effect. The invention aims to achieve bone regeneration in the area of ​​alveolar bone defects. the method of producing the dental graft used; • Obtaining nanocrystalline cellulose from plant-based raw materials, • Three-dimensional printable photopolymer from the resulting nanocrystalline cellulose preparation of composites, 6 • defect-specific grid-structured graft produced layer by layer using a 3D printer. production, • Application of hydroxyapatite and boron compounds to the surface of the produced block graft It includes the steps involved in the process. This invention promotes bone regeneration in the area of ​​alveolar bone defects. In order to provide this, the biomimetic and functional properties of the block graft It is based on the utilization of the defect area, adjacent teeth and surrounding alveoli. It is limited by bone tissue and represents an area where the available bone volume is insufficient. It is producing a block graft developed for placement in this area. In the first stage, date seed raw material is used, which is plant-based. nano-sized cellulose produced by acid hydrolysis and mechanical decomposition of biomass. The process involves converting them into crystals (NCC). The resulting nanocrystals... Cellulose is homogeneously distributed into the biocompatible resin matrix, and viscosity is adjusted. Photopolymer composite is prepared by making this. In this stage, cone beam defect according to computed tomography (CBCT) or computed tomography (CT) data The graft structure, specifically designed for the region, is applied using liquid resin with the help of UV light. Three-dimensional based on "MSLA", which is based on the principle of freezing layers. It is produced in a grid structure on the printer. The produced block graft surface is immersed and Hydroxyapatite and boron compounds are applied using spray methods. The prepared biomimetic block graft is placed into the alveolar bone defect, and It is secured by screwing. The invention describes interconnected pores located within the internal structure of a block graft. Thanks to the resulting lattice architecture, cell infiltration, nutrient diffusion, and It is designed to support vascularization. The graft is a surgical procedure. During the procedure, a carrier surgical instrument is used to place the device in the defect area and surround it. It is positioned in contact with the bone tissue. On the graft surface The hydroxyapatite and boron-based coating structures found, together with the lattice architecture. By working together, it creates both an osteoconductive and antibacterial environment. This In this way, the risk of infection is reduced while at the same time bone marrow-derived cells The graft is encouraged to adhere to the surface and proliferate. Over time, the graft... through biological processes, it is replaced by newly formed bone tissue, and this During this process, it integrates with the alveolar bone, forming a stable structure. This resulting structure... 7 The new bone tissue provides sufficient mechanical strength for the dental implant. It allows for placement. The implant is located within the regenerating bone area. By providing osseointegration, it becomes suitable for functional load bearing. In conclusion, the subject of the invention is a nanocrystalline cellulose-based block graft with a porous lattice. Thanks to its structure and surface functionalization properties, alveolar bone defect biomimetic, infection-controlling and mechanically stable in the region where it is found It offers a bone regeneration process.

Claims

1. To promote bone regeneration in the area of ​​alveolar bone defects. This refers to the method of production of the dental graft used, and its characteristics are: • Obtaining nanocrystalline cellulose from plant-based raw materials, • Three-dimensional printable photopolymer from the resulting nanocrystalline cellulose preparation of composites, • defect-specific grid-structured graft produced layer by layer using a 3D printer. production, • Hydroxyapatite and boron compounds are applied to the surface of the produced block graft. implementation It includes the steps of the process.

2. This is a dental graft production method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized by its use of plant-based raw materials. using date seeds as an ingredient and the acid of date seeds Obtaining nanocrystalline cellulose through hydrolysis and mechanical separation processes It includes the process step.

3. This is a dental graft production method in accordance with Claim 1, and its characteristic feature is that the obtained graft... homogeneous dispersion of nanocrystalline cellulose into a biocompatible resin matrix and the process step of preparing photopolymer composite by adjusting the viscosity. It includes.

4. This is a dental graft production method in accordance with Claim 1, characterized by its defect-specific mesh. Based on the tomographic data of the structured graft, it was produced as a grid structure using a 3D printer. It includes the production process step.

5. This is a dental graft production method in accordance with Claim 1, and its characteristic is that the produced block graft... Hydroxyapatite and boron compounds applied to the surface by dipping or spraying. The implementation involves the process step.

6. This is a dental graft production method in accordance with Claim 1, and its characteristic feature is that the produced block graft... the procedure involves placing the device into the alveolar bone defect and fixing it with screws. It includes the step. 35