System and Method for Conditioning Hatchery Feed Water to a Target Temperature Locked in Soil Isotherm and Managing Hatching Time Based on Degree-Day Accumulation

Abstract

The invention relates to a system (1) and method for conditioning the temperature of the water in a tank (3) feeding incubator cabinets (5a, 5b). The system comprises a multi-pass serpentine (4) submerged in the tank (3), a collector line (7) buried in the ground, a closed-loop line (8) circulating a non-toxic secondary fluid between them, and a valve assembly (14a–14d) that selects between an active arm (12) and a passive arm (13) that deactivates the heat pump (11). The control unit (15) locks the target temperature to the intact soil isotherm, provided it remains within the biological band, lowers the pump speed so that the Reynolds number in the serpentine does not fall below the threshold, and stops the compressor when the source water temperature is close to the target. A day-degree module (15d) measures the cumulative heat accumulation and modulates the set value, ensuring that the batches are ready on the target date.

Description

1 TARIFF Conditioning of Hatchery Feed Water to a Target Temperature Locked in Soil Isotherm and System and Method for Managing Exit Time Based on Day-Degree Accumulation Technical Area 5 The invention concerns the water that feeds vertical flow incubator cabinets in aquaculture hatcheries. keeping the temperature within a narrow range throughout the year and the timing of egg batch hatching It relates to a specific system for managing something and a method applied through that system. The invention is more specific. Specifically, the fluid is transferred from a closed-loop secondary fluid line into a tank via a horizontal collector buried in the ground. a 10-bit heat exchanger that exchanges heat between a submerged multi-pass serpentine heat exchanger, with a reversible circuit on this line. A heat pump has been installed with a bypass lever that can disable this heat pump, and the target water... locking the temperature to the undisturbed ground isotherm, secondary fluid flow to the turbulence lower limit a control that limits and modulates the set value based on cumulative heat accumulation (degrees-day). It relates to a device that includes a unit. Previous Technique 15 Embryonic development rate and hatching in trout and other salmonid species hatcheries. The ratio is directly dependent on the feed water temperature. For rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) The range in the literature where embryonic development occurs with the highest hatching rate and larval quality is 8–12 °C. It is reported that the temperature of natural spring waters fluctuates seasonally, with some showing variations. In some facilities, the temperature rises above this band during the summer months, while in others it falls below the band during the winter months. This fluctuation means that efficient production is confined to only a narrow window during the year. unplanned and asynchronous emergence, size differences between larval cohorts, and unit This leads to an increase in the cost of offspring. In aquaculture, conditioning water temperature using heat pumps is a known practice. Document CN108344205A describes a buried tube heat exchanger, a 25, horizontally laid in the tidal soil. The interfluid circuit consists of a serpentine coil placed in the growing tank, a temperature sensor, and a variable temperature sensor. a shore generator with a compressor-condenser-evaporator-throttling element configuration containing a rotary pump. This document describes a heat pump system with a specific source. This document only covers the heating mode. It explains how to select the target temperature and describes a study where the compressor can be deactivated. any 30 regarding the mode, limiting the flow rate according to the flow regime and managing the exit time It does not contain any doctrine. 2 Document CN203884478U describes a U-tube ground thermostat embedded beneath a constant temperature layer. a heat exchanger, circulation pump, expansion tank and a lining laid on the base / wall of the growing pond. It describes a closed loop consisting of a heating module, and the soil is cooler than the air in summer and winter. During the warmer months, the advantage of the warm weather is taken, and the set value that can be obtained is approximately annual. It states that this is the average ground temperature. However, since there is no heat pump in this setup, 5 The target in hilltop conditions where the difference between spring water temperature and soil temperature does not close. The temperature cannot be reached, and the document does not teach an exit timing control. Document CN205648753U describes a cold and hot source consisting of an embedded serpentine pipe. the ground source heat pump unit is connected to a water tank via control valves and It explains heating and cooling according to the season. Document number CN104145875A is 10. ground source heat pump, circulating underfloor heating system and sensor / processor-based monitoring a system consisting of, clearly aimed at temperature simulation of aquaculture seedling / fry rearing water. It describes a greenhouse system. Temperature control of the incubation water is also known. Document CN102283162B, salmonid fish It consists of an isolated incubation area, a water storage tank, and a cooling area; a heating rod, 15 Includes a compressor, expansion valve, and temperature sensor; starts cooling at 9.1 °C and stops at 8.9 °C. This document describes an incubator and rearing apparatus. Document US8899183B1, vertically stacked litter. platforms, ultrasonic fogging system and an aquarium-type cooler for fish eggs It describes a cooled, misty incubator. Regarding the soil cycle, document US9285140B2 states that the carrier fluid must pass through the soil cycle 20 It describes a bypass mechanism that diverts the water flow, allowing it to circulate only within the building loop. The element bypassed in the document in question is the ground loop; heat exchanger units are in any case It operates using a vapor compression cycle and there is a tutorial on deactivating the compressor. It is not available. Regarding the concept of heat accumulation, document WO2019106697A1 refers to a gradual 25-degree deposition in Salmo salar rootstocks. It describes a procedure that applies light and time regimes and the total Cumulative Thermal during the winter-summer period. It stipulates as a requirement limitation that the unit (ATU) should not exceed a certain value. However, the document in question relates to brood maturation and egg production, and not to fertilized eggs. egg incubation, a temperature conditioning device, a measurement-feedback loop or contains no teachings regarding a targeted release date. 30 In the studies conducted, the following was obtained by taking the time integral of the measured feedwater temperature. cumulative heat accumulation returning to a heat pump set value to reach a targeted exit date. 3 No closed-loop control system was found to feed the water. Similarly, the target water temperature By locking to the pristine soil isotherm, this value remains within the embryonic optimum band. the condition that it must be present together; the secondary fluid flow rate must be independent of the instantaneous thermal load. a situation where the flow regime criterion is lowered and the heat pump compressor can be deactivated A setup where passive operating mode is applied to hatchery feed water conditioning 5 None have been encountered. The purpose of the invention The technical problems that need to be solved according to known techniques are as follows: First problem: Seasonal temperature fluctuations in natural spring water affect embryonic development. This prevents the narrow band required from being maintained throughout the year and efficient production from being limited to a specific 10% of the year. It restricts it to that period. Second problem: In known heat pump systems, the target water temperature is determined solely on biological grounds. This value is selected without considering its effect on the heat pump's lifting temperature. Choosing the target location far from the heat source temperature reduces the coefficient of performance (COP) and the operation. It increases the cost. 15 Third problem: The incubator feed tank has a limited volume. It operates in a laminar flow regime. Because the heat transfer coefficient of the coil inside the tank is low, the required heat transfer surface is only possible over a very long period. This can be achieved with a pipe; however, this length does not fit inside the tank or the plate placement It prevents. Fourth problem: Known setups are content with maintaining the temperature at a constant set value; egg 20 It is impossible to predict the exact date of the party's launch; the launch of multiple parties is synchronized. It is not possible to manage the situation and it is not possible to phase out the exits. This situation affects the workforce. negatively impacts planning, larval cohort homogeneity, and the synchronization of offspring supply with market demand. It has an effect. Fifth problem: The secondary fluid to be used in the aquaculture environment is toxic from a biosafety perspective. 25 This should not be the case; ethylene glycol and methanol, commonly used in known setups, are examples of this. It does not meet the requirements. 4 The purpose of the invention and the advantages it provides. The purpose of the invention is to improve the hatchery feed water in order to overcome the problems mentioned above. This is compared to known mechanisms that keep its temperature within the embryonic optimum band throughout the year. succeeding with significantly lower energy and, in addition, the hatching time of egg batches The goal is to establish a system and method that can manage this. 5 The main advantages offered by the invention are as follows: – The heat pump's ability to lock the target temperature to an undisturbed ground isotherm. The lift-off temperature between the evaporator and the condenser is structurally minimized. Thus, the performance coefficient increases. – Due to the heat source and the heat well being at the same temperature, a significant portion of the thermal load is absorbed by 10 without operating the compressor, by simply bringing the secondary fluid into contact with the ground. This is possible; the compressor is only activated for final temperature approach and peak loads. It is entering. – Keeping the secondary fluid flow rate at the lower limit of turbulence ensures the total heat transfer of the tank coil. increasing the coefficient and the required pipe length, serpentine incubator feed 15 It shortens the volume to the extent that it can be placed without hindering the table placement. – Monitoring cumulative heat accumulation based on measurements and modulating the set value accordingly. Thanks to this process, it is possible to ensure that egg batches are released on the targeted date; suddenly In a multi-incubator cabinet, the hatching of batches started at different times is made to coincide. It can be introduced or phased in. 20 – The same equipment is used for cooling in facilities where the source water temperature is above the target, and below. In facilities, it can operate in heating mode without any equipment modifications. – Using a non-toxic and food-contact safe secondary fluid in case of a possible leak. It eliminates the biosafety risk. Explaining the Figures To clearly illustrate the invention, its general appearance and auxiliary figures are attached. It has been shown. Figure 1: General schematic of the system according to the invention. Figure 2: Detailed diagram showing the path of the secondary fluid in active and passive operating modes; (a) 30 (b) passive mode, (b) active mode. Figure 3: Block diagram showing the modules, inputs, and outputs of the control unit. Figure 4: Flowchart of day-degree guided output timing control. Figure 5: Variation of cumulative heat accumulation over time and set to reach the target exit date. This is a graph showing the modulation of the value. Figure 6: Comparative view of single-pass (a) and multi-pass (b) arrangements of the tank coil. Figure 7: Graph showing the cumulative heat accumulation trajectories of four egg batches; (a) measured (a) Base condition under feedwater temperatures, (b) condition under day-degree guided control. 5 Figure 8: Change in the range over which the target exit date can be shifted, relative to the day the correction began. This is a graph that shows the situation. Figure 9: Graph showing the distribution of measured threshold heat accumulation values ​​for four salmonid species. Explanation of the references in the figures. 1: Hatchery thermal conditioning system 10 2: Natural spring water input 3: Feeding / pre-storage tank 4: Multi-pass serpentine heat exchanger 5a, 5b: Vertical flow incubator cabinet 6: Incubation tray 15 7: Horizontal collector line buried in the ground. 8: Closed-loop secondary fluid line 9: Variable speed circulation pump (tank side) 9b: Circulation pump (ground side) 10. Expansion tank 20 11. Reversible heat pump 11a: Compressor 11b: Four-way diverter valve 11c: Compression (expansion) element 6 11d: Heat pump primary heat exchanger (tank side) 11e: Heat pump second heat exchanger (ground side) 12: Active arm 13: Passive (bypass) arm 14a-d: Mode selection valve group (three-way valves) 5 15: Control unit 15a: Target temperature lock module 15b: Turbulence lower bound flow modulus 15c: Mode and direction selection module 15d: Day-degree integrator and timing module 10 15e: Party database 16: Source water inlet temperature sensor 17: Feed line temperature sensor 18: Secondary fluid temperature sensors 19: Flowmeter 15 20: Pressure sensor 21: Soil temperature sensor 22: Cabinet supply valve 23: Cabinet supply temperature sensor 24: Hatchery building shell 20 25: Used water outlet 7 Disclosure of the Invention 1. General structure of the system; As shown in Figure 1, the system in question (1) is located inside a hatchery building (24). It includes a feed / pre-storage tank (3) located on which natural spring water is placed. The water is drawn into the tank (3) via an inlet line (2) with an inlet temperature sensor (16). Into the tank (3), 5 A multi-pass serpentine heat exchanger (4) through which the secondary fluid circulates is submerged. The conditioned water coming out of the tank (3) is put into a tank with a supply line temperature sensor (17) on it. The water is conveyed through the feed line to the vertical flow incubator cabinets (5a, 5b). Each cabinet There is a feed valve (22) and a cabinet feed temperature sensor (23) at the feed inlet. Each cabinet (5a, 5b) contains numerous incubators stacked on top of each other where fertilized eggs are placed. It includes trays (6). Water passing through the trays leaves the system via the used water outlet (25). They are leaving. Serpentine (4) is a horizontal collector buried in the ground via a closed-loop secondary fluid line (8). It is connected to line (7). A variable speed circulation pump (9) and an expansion pump are connected to line (8). It has a tank (10), temperature sensors (18), a flow meter (19) and a pressure sensor (20). 15 Soil temperature is measured by a soil temperature sensor (21) located near the collector line (7). It is being measured. On line (8), a compressor (11a), a four-way diverter valve (11b), a throttle element (11c) is a reversible heat exchanger containing a tank side heat exchanger (11d) and a ground side heat exchanger (11e). The heat pump (11) is installed. The heat pump (11) has a mode selection valve group (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) 20 through which the secondary fluid passes through the heat pump heat exchangers, the heat pump is controlled by an active arm (12) through which the secondary fluid passes through the heat pump heat exchangers. a choice can be made between a passive (bypass) arm (13) that completely disables it It is connected. The system receives data from sensors (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23) and controls the pump (9, 9b), heat pump (11), mode 25 with a control unit (15) that controls the selector valves (14a–14d) and cabinet supply valves (22) It is managed. 2. Active and passive operating modes; As shown in Figure 2, there are two operating modes depending on the position of the mode selection valve group (14a–14d). It consists of. Passive mode (Figure 2a): The secondary fluid flows through the passive branch 30 without passing through the heat pump heat exchangers (11d, 11e). It circulates directly between the serpentine (4) and the collector line (7) via (13). In this mode, the compressor (11a) is stopped. Heat transfer is stopped only by the natural temperature difference between the source water and the soil. This occurs because the target temperature is chosen to be equal to the ground isotherm, thus enabling the system. It constitutes the majority of working time. 8 Active mode (Figure 2b): The secondary fluid flows through the active arm (12) from the heat pump heat exchangers (11d, 11e) is passed through and compressor (11a) is activated. In this mode, the secondary fluid circuit, tank side and It is divided into two sub-cycles, one of which is the ground side; heat transfer takes place via the vapor compression cycle. The active mode is only used to meet the final temperature approximation and peak load requirements. The position of the four-way valve (11b) is 5 to the sign of the difference between the source water temperature and the target temperature. This is determined accordingly, so the same equipment provides cooling when the source water is above the target, and below. It operates in the heating direction when this happens. 3. Control unit As shown in Figure 3, the control unit (15) consists of a target temperature lock module (15a), a turbulence substation. limited flow module (15b), a mode and direction selection module (15c), a day-degree integrator and 10 It includes a timing module (15d) and a batch database (15e). 3.1. Target temperature locking module (15a); Module (15a) determines the target feed water temperature T* value according to the following rule. First, The undisturbed soil isotherm T_soil is measured using a thermal conductivity test (TRT) or soil temperature sensor (21) It is determined by measurement. The desired biological temperature band to be protected is [T_lower, T_upper]: 15 If T_bottom ≤ T_ground ≤ T_top, then T* = T_ground; otherwise, T* is assigned to the boundary of the band closest to T_ground. The preferred operating conditions for rainbow trout are T_bottom = 8 °C and T_top = 12 °C. A preferred... In practice, the soil isotherm measured in the damping zone below 1.5 m is approximately 10 °C, and T* = 10 °C is set. This selection determines the lift factor between the evaporator and condenser of the heat pump. It minimizes its temperature. During peak summer conditions, the buoyancy temperature remains at approximately 13 K, and this 20 It also provides a high performance coefficient. 3.2. Turbulence lower bound flow modulus (15b); Module (15b) determines the speed of the circulation pump (9), Reynolds number in the serpentine (4) Re = V·D / ν Lower limits such that it does not fall below a predetermined threshold Re_min. This lower limit is the instantaneous thermal It is maintained even under conditions where the load can be met with a lower flow rate. Re_min is preferably 2300, or even 25 Preferably, it is selected in the 4000–7000 range. In a preferred application, for a 25% by volume propylene glycol-water solution, ν ≈ 3.2×10⁻⁶ m² / s, Ø25 In a mm³ serpentine coil, the flow velocity is V ≈ 0.67 m / s and Re ≈ 5260. Under these conditions, the tank interior is a stainless steel serpentine coil. The total heat transfer coefficient for this reaches U ≈ 500 W / m²·K. In contrast, in the laminar regime, U The value remains at approximately 130–180 W / m²·K. 30 The technical consequence of this difference is decisive. The heat required for an approximate thermal load of 6.6 kW and LMTD ≈ 3.82 K. When the transfer surface area is calculated using the relation A = Q / (U·LMTD), in the turbulent regime A ≈ 3.46 m² and Ø25 In a mm³ tube, the corresponding length is L ≈ 44 m. The same load in laminar flow is approximately 120– It requires 170 m of piping; this length does not fit within the volume of the incubator feed tank or tray. This prevents its settlement. The pumping power, which is the cost of increasing the flow rate, is neglected. 35 9 It is at an acceptable level. The total manometric head H ≈ 2.3 m, calculated using the Darcy–Weisbach equation, When the hydraulic power P = ρ·g·Q·H ≈ 7.6 W and the pump efficiency η = 0.6, the shaft power is ≈ 13 W. In conventional thermal system design, reducing the secondary fluid flow rate when the thermal load decreases is an established practice. It is an application. The module (15b) that is the subject of the invention provides for the opposite of this application, and the provided technical The effect is to compact the heat exchanger and thus integrate it into a cabinet. 5 3.3. Mode and direction selection module (15c); Module (15c) uses the source value T_source and the target temperature T* received from the source water temperature sensor (16). It evaluates the difference between them. The |T_source − T*| value is calculated using only grounding without the compressor running. If the approach tolerance is below ε, which can be closed via heat exchange, the valve group (14a–14d) is passive. The lever (13) is moved to the selector position and the compressor (11a) is stopped. When the difference exceeds ε, the active 10 The lever (12) is selected and the compressor is activated. Also, according to the sign of the difference (T_source − T*), the four-way Heating or cooling direction is selected by determining the position of the valve (11b). 3.4. Day-degree integrator and timing module (15d) Module (15d) implements the control given in the flowchart in Figure 4. The steps are as follows: S1: Threshold heat accumulation A* and target release date t_h 15 for the relevant batch from the batch database (15e). It is read. S2: Temperature taken from the supply line temperature sensor (17) or from the supply sensor (23) of the relevant cabinet. Temperature is sampled and cumulative heat accumulation A(t) = ∫ T(τ) dτ is updated. S3: The residual heat accumulation ΔA = A* − A(t) and the remaining time Δt = t_h − t are calculated. S4: The required average temperature T_ger = ΔA / Δt is calculated. 20 S5: Checks if the T_ger value falls within the biological band [T_lower, T_upper]. S6: Within the band, the target temperature T* ← T_ger is updated; the update is based on a predetermined value. The maximum rate of change is applied gradually within the constraint |dT* / dt| ≤ R. Outside the band, T* is the maximum rate of change within the band. It is assigned to the near boundary, and the target exit date is revised accordingly and communicated to the operator. S7: In a facility with multiple incubator cabinets, an independent T*_i value of 25 is assigned to each cabinet i. It is calculated and applied via the subcircuit provided by the relevant cabinet supply valve (22). S8: The specified set value is passed to the modules (15a, 15b, 15c), and the loop repeats from step S2. Figure 5 shows the effect of the control. The measured accumulation A(t) is the soil isotherm up to time t_k. It is progressing with a locked fixed set value. The calculation being made at this moment is the target exit date of the current trajectory. It shows that the A* threshold cannot be reached in t_h. The module (15d) set value is 30 within the band. It is raising and the corrected trajectory A* crosses the threshold precisely at time t_h. Uncorrected The trajectory is shown with a dashed line. 4. Serpentine geometry; Figure 6 compares two different arrangements of the tank coil (4). In the single-pass arrangement (Figure 6a) Heat transfer is limited at the tank edges and above the serpentine coil because the flow rate remains low. and the temperature deviation increases. A two-dimensional heat diffusion-convection based on finite differences. In the analysis, under the condition that the 19.5 °C water rising from the bottom of the tank is cooled on the serpentine surface, a single 5 In a single-pass configuration, the average in-tank temperature is ≈ 16.8 °C and the standard deviation is ≈ 4.1 °C; in a multi-pass configuration... (Figure 6b) shows an average of ≈ 14.6 °C and a standard deviation of ≈ 3.9 °C. The preferred In practice, the serpentine (4) will keep the standard deviation of the temperature distribution inside the tank below 4.0 °C. It has several passes; thus all the plates (6) in the stack are exposed to the equivalent incubation temperature. It is ensured that it stays. 10 5. Secondary fluid; The secondary fluid is non-toxic and food-safe, taking into account the biosafety priority in the hatchery environment. It has been selected as a contact-compatible solution. The preferred application is 25% propylene glycol-water by volume. The solution being used has thermophysical properties of approximately ρ ≈ 1025 kg / m³, c_p ≈ 3.9 kJ / kg·K, ν ≈ 3.2×10⁻⁶ m² / s and freezing point ≈ −10 °C. Alternatives such as ethylene glycol and methanol have lower freezing points. Although they offer viscosity, they have been eliminated due to their toxicity. Pure water, on the other hand, carries the risk of freezing and oxygen corrosion. It was not preferred because of this. Propylene glycol's higher viscosity compared to water increases the pump load. Although it increases the power, as shown above, the required spindle power remains at 13 W. The disadvantage is negligible. The industrial application of the invention 20 The system and method described in this invention are intended for companies operating in the aquaculture sector. It is directly applicable in hatcheries. All components that make up the system. stainless steel coil, PE / PEX pipe, variable speed circulation pump, reversible water-to-water heating system. with pump, three and four-way valves, expansion tank, digital temperature and flow sensors. Programmable control units — these are commercially available standard products. The system includes 25 existing units. It can also be integrated into the feed line of hatcheries afterwards. The invention concerns the production of hatcheries. extending the window to cover the entire year increases the hatching rate and larval homogeneity, and reduces the number of offspring per unit. It reduces costs.

Claims

11 REQUESTS 1. The invention is in a feed tank (3) that feeds the incubator cabinets (5a, 5b) in a hatchery. It is a system for conditioning the temperature of water (1) and its feature is; – a multi-pass serpentine heat exchanger (4) immersed in the said feed tank (3); – a collector line buried in the ground (7); 5 – toxic between the serpentine heat exchanger (4) and the collector line (7) in question. circulating a non-existent secondary fluid and containing a variable speed circulation pump (9) a closed circuit line (8); – on the closed circuit line (8) in question, the secondary fluid from the heat pump heat exchangers (11d, 11e) passes through an active branch (12) and a passive branch that deactivates the heat pump in question. 10 (13) with a mode selection valve group (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) that chooses between them. a reversible heat pump (11) containing a compressor (11a) located in position; – a source water inlet temperature sensor (16), a supply line temperature sensor (17), a ground temperature sensor (21) and a flow meter (19); – and includes a control unit (15); the said control unit (15): 15 (i) the target water temperature T* value from the soil temperature sensor (21) The determined undisturbed soil isotherm T_soil value is a predetermined value. equalization provided it is within a biological temperature band [T_lower, T_upper] and If not found, the assignment will be to the boundary of the band closest to T_toprak; (ii) the speed of the said circulation pump (9) of the said serpentine heat exchanger 20 (4) The Reynolds number in it will not fall below a predetermined threshold (Re_min) in a way that is independent of the instantaneous thermal load and to the lower limit; (iii) the temperature taken from the source water inlet temperature sensor (16) and the target water The absolute value of the difference between temperature T* and a predetermined approximation tolerance (ε) While under this mode, the relevant selection valve group (14a, 14b, 14c, 14d) is the passive lever 25 (13) bring it to the position to select and stop the compressor (11a) in question. Select the active arm (12) and the compressor (11a) when it is above the tolerance. to commission It is structured.

2. A system (1) that conforms to Request 1, and its characteristic is that the threshold (Re_min) is 2300. 30 3. A system (1) that conforms to Request 1 and has the characteristic that the threshold (Re_min) is between 4000 and 7000 It is about having a value between them.

4. A system (1) that conforms to any of the previous requirements and whose characteristic is; the biological in question the temperature band [T_lower, T_upper] is between 8 °C and 12 °C and the target water temperature is T* It should be between 9.5 °C and 10.5 °C. 35 5. A system (1) that conforms to any of the previous requirements and whose characteristic is; the secondary in question a propylene glycol–water solution containing between 20% and 30% propylene glycol by volume It is the fact that.

6. A system (1) that conforms to any of the previous requirements and whose characteristic is; the serpentine heat The standard deviation of the temperature distribution inside the said feed tank (3) of the heat exchanger (4) is 40 It must have enough transitions to keep the temperature below 4.0 °C.

7. A system (1) that conforms to any of the previous requirements and whose characteristic is; the collector in question the line (7) consists of polyethylene pipes divided into parallel circuits and buried horizontally in the ground. formation and the aforementioned undisturbed soil isotherm T_soil thermal conductivity test (TRT) It is determined by 45.

8. A system (1) that conforms to any of the previous requirements and whose characteristic is; the reversible heat in question. The pump (11) must include a four-way diverter valve (11b) and the said control unit (15), the difference between the source water temperature and the target water temperature T* According to the indication, the four-way diverter valve in question (11b) is used for heating or cooling. It is structured to bring it to its position. 50 9. A system (1) that conforms to any of the previous requirements and whose characteristic is the control in question. unit (15) also has a batch database (15e) with a day-degree integrator and scheduling 12 module (15d) includes; said module (15d) measures the feeding for each egg batch. Calculate the cumulative heat accumulation A(t) by taking the time integral of the water temperature and word The subject is the target water temperature T*, the threshold thermal deposition defined in the relevant batch database (15e). Modulation within the biological temperature band in question, according to the target release date t_h with A*. It is structured to do so. 5 10. A system (1) that complies with Request 9 and has the following feature; at the supply inlet of each incubator cabinet (5a, 5b) a cabinet supply valve (22) and a cabinet supply temperature sensor (23) must be present and the word The subject of the control unit (15) is to assign an independent target water temperature T*_i for each cabinet. structured to synchronize or stagger the releases of different parties that is. 10 11. A system (1) that conforms to any of the previous requirements and whose characteristic is; water side thermal load of the hatchery building shell (24) It must be insulated in a way that keeps it hidden.

12. A system (1) that is suitable for any of the previous requirements and whose feature is that it operates with seawater. In applications, surfaces that come into contact with water must be made of titanium or seawater-resistant polymer 15. It is made of a certain material.

13. A system (1) that conforms to any of the previous requirements and has the characteristic of being a closed-loop system. It is integrated with the recirculating aquaculture (RAS) line.

14. A method for managing the hatching time of egg batches in a hatchery. and its feature is; using a system (1) that conforms to any of claims 1 to 13; 20 a) for each egg batch, the threshold heat accumulation A* from the batch database (15e) and Target release date t_h reading; b) feed water temperature, from the feed line temperature sensor (17) or the relevant cabinet Sampling from the supply temperature sensor (23) and cumulative thermal accumulation A(t) = ∫ T(τ) dτ updated as follows: 25 c) Calculation of the remaining heat accumulation as ΔA = A* − A(t) and the remaining time as Δt = t_h − t; d) Calculating the required average temperature as T_ger = ΔA / Δt; e) the T_ger value in question within the biological temperature band [T_lower, T_upper] If found, the target water temperature is determined as T* ← T_ger and a predetermined maximum. The rate of change must be updated within the constraint |dT* / dt| ≤ R; otherwise, the target water level is 30. By assigning the temperature to the nearest limit of the band in question, the target exit date t_h is revised. being done; f) Steps (b) to (e) are based on a predetermined sampling method until the party's exit. repetition at intervals, It includes the steps. 35 15. A method that complies with claim 14, characterized by the presence of multiple incubator cabinets (5a, 5b). In this case, an independent target water temperature T*_i is calculated for each cabinet, and on different dates... the simultaneous launch of initiated parties or predetermined It is a phased approach with intervals.

16. A method conforming to claim 14 or 15, characterized by the fact that the threshold thermal deposition in question is specific to species A* 40 Specifically, for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), 300 to 360 °C·day, Black Sea trout. For Salmo labrax, 440 to 500 °C·day; for Abant trout (Salmo abanticus), 440 to 510 °C·day. °C·day and for spring trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) between 450 and 540 °C·day It is the selection process.

17. A method conforming to any of claims 14 to 16, the characteristic of which is that the maximum change in question is 45. the rate is between R 0.2 °C / day and 1.0 °C / day and the sampling interval is a maximum of three days. It is the selection of the best option.

18. A method that conforms to any of claims 14 to 17, and its characteristic is that it meets the necessary requirements in question. If the average temperature T_ger falls outside the biological temperature band in question, which that the limit is binding, whether lower or upper, and that at least 50 can be reached within that band. This is the notification of the upcoming release date in a user interface.

19. A method that conforms to any of claims 14 to 18, the characteristic of which is; the exit of a party Following this, the measured cumulative heat accumulation for the batch in question is based on the batch data. 13 recording in the base (15e) and the threshold heat accumulation A* value of the relevant type, from previous batches The process involves updating the data by averaging the obtained values.

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