MONITORING SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC AND OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENT OF CAPILLARY REFILL TIME.

Abstract

The invention relates to a capillary refill time monitoring system for objectively and reproducibly measuring capillary refill time. It comprises a pneumatic pressure application mechanism that applies a controlled force to the patient's finger, maintains this force for a specified period, and then abruptly releases it; a color sensor that detects the color change on the nail surface over time following the release of the force; a PPG sensor that provides pulse and blood oxygen saturation data based on photoplethysmography; a force sensor that monitors the applied force; and a central control unit that processes, displays, and transmits the acquired measurement data to external devices or networks.

Description

1 TARIFF DYNAMIC AND OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENT OF CAPILLARY REFILL TIME MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THIS PURPOSE TECHNICAL AREA 5 The invention provides for an objective and repeatable determination of capillary refill time. It is aimed at measuring and involves applying a controlled force to the patient's finger, verbally the subject is maintaining the force constant for a specified period of time and suddenly removing it the pneumatic pressure application structure that provides the claw after the force is removed Color 10, which detects color changes occurring on its surface over time. its sensor, photoplethysmography-based pulse and blood oxygen saturation data the PPG sensor that enables the detection of the applied force force sensor and processing, display and of the obtained measurement data. a central control unit that enables transmission to external devices or networks This relates to the capillary refill time monitoring system. 15 PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE Capillary refill time is important in assessing peripheral circulation. It is a parameter used to measure the pressure applied to a specific tissue area. 20 It is based on the evaluation of the resulting color change. Capillary refilling. The method of applying pressure and the magnitude of the applied force are used in determining the duration. color change with the duration of pressure application and the moment the pressure is removed The timing between the evaluation and the measurement result directly affects the outcome. It can have an effect. 25 In the study published in 2022 by Masayoshi S. and colleagues The design of a device using a color sensor and a force sensor is described. The subject matter is a simple and portable design, but requires force application. This is performed by the user. Therefore, the device is used during measurement. 30 A person must be present at the beginning and apply the necessary force for the measurement. It is necessary. The application of force depends on the individual, and is applied in different measurements. This can cause changes in the force and the way the force is applied. LINK: https: / / doi.org / 10.1007 / s10015-021-00723-w 2 In the study conducted by Yasufumi and colleagues in 2019, A device for measuring capillary refill time is described. The device in question operates connected to a separate control unit, and its mobility is limited. It remains stuck and cannot perform dynamic measurements. LINK: https: / / doi.org / 10.1186 / s40560-019-0382-4 5 Accurate and repeatable determination of capillary refill time. In this regard, simply perceiving a color change is not enough; the finger... controlling the applied force and precisely determining the starting moment of the force measurement. It is also important that the force is removed quickly enough to create a precipitation effect. Differences that may arise if applied and removed by the user 10 measurement becomes user-dependent and timing between measurements This can lead to differences arising. THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The aim of the invention is to determine the capillary refill time objectively and repeatably. The aim is to establish a measurement and monitoring system that enables this determination. Another aim of the invention is to electronically control the force applied to the patient's finger. the creation of the targeted force through a pneumatic structure controlled as such. reaching that level and maintaining that force for the specified period to provide. 20 Another purpose of the invention is to allow the force applied for measurement to pass through the sleeve. rapid removal of air by suddenly releasing it through a valve And thus the starting moment of the capillary refill time is manually determined by force. not being affected by the timing variability resulting from its removal to provide. 25 Another aim of the invention is to remove the force from the nail surface after it is removed. By detecting color changes over time, capillary refill time can be determined. The aim is to ensure its identification. Another aim of the invention is to simultaneously measure capillary refill time. or continuous photoplethysmography-based pulse and blood oxygen saturation 30 The aim is to ensure the acquisition of data. Another objective of the invention is to display the acquired data in a central control unit. processing, monitoring of measurement results on the system screen, and communication. The goal is to enable data transfer to external devices and networks via its infrastructure. 3 Another aim of the invention is to assist in the monitoring of patients, especially those in intensive care. automatic capillary refill time measurements at specific time intervals the repeated performance and the time-dependent nature of capillary refill time The aim is to enable monitoring of changes. LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Fingerprint of the capillary refill time monitoring system, the subject of the invention. is the perspective view of the probe (A). Figure 2. Finger probe (A), finger probe top cover (A1), finger probe bottom cover 10 Front view showing the positions of (A2), safety spring (A3) and top cover stoppers (A9). It is the appearance. Figure 3. Finger probe top cover (A1), finger probe bottom cover (A) (A2), safety spring (A3), color sensor (A4), PPG sensor (A5), sleeve (A6), finger 15 Exploded image showing the bottom pad (A7), finger pad (A8) and top cap stoppers (A9). It is a perspective view. Figure 4A. Top view of the invention. Figure 4B. Finger probe (A), color sensor (A4), PPG sensor (A5), cuff (A6), 20 finger bottom pad (A7), finger top pad (A8), safety spring (A3), finger probe top The cover (A1), finger probe lower cover (A2) and upper cover stoppers (A9) are connected to each other. BB is a cross-sectional view showing the positions relative to each other. Figure 5. Screen cover (B1), housing box and motherboard of the central control unit (B) 25 feet (B2), side cover (B3), motherboard (B4), valve (B5), air pump (B6), screen (B7), finger probe data cable output (B8), force sensor output (B9), valve output (B10), showing the pump outlet (B11), power inlet (B12) and force sensor (B13). It is an exploded perspective view. Figure 6A. Front view of the central control unit. Figure 6B. Screen cover (B1), housing and motherboard of the central control unit (B). feet (B2), side cover (B3), motherboard (B4), valve (B5), air pump (B6), screen 4 BB section showing the relative positions of (B7) and the force sensor (B13). It is the appearance. The corresponding numbers in the figures are: A. Finger Probe 5 A1. Finger Probe Top Cap A2. Finger Probe Lower Cover A3. Safety Spring A4. Color Sensor A5. PPG Sensor 10 A6. Sleeve A7. Finger Pad A8. Finger Pad A9. Top Cover Stopper B. Central Control Unit 15 B1. Screen Cover B2. Chassis Box and Motherboard Pins B3. Side Cover B4. Motherboard B5. Valve 20 B6. Air Pump B7. Screen B8. Finger Probe Data Cable Output B9. Force Sensor Output B10. Valve Outlet 25 B11. Pump Outlet B12. Power Input B13. Force Sensor DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 30 The invention is a capillary refill time monitoring system, essentially based on finger technology. It consists of two main structures: the probe (A) and the central control unit (B). The finger probe (A) is placed where the patient's finger is positioned to apply force to the finger. patient contact measurement unit where the application and optical measurements are performed It forms. The central control unit (B) obtains from the finger probe (A). data collection and processing, monitoring of the force applied to the finger, Checking the inflation and deflation of the cuff and the measurement results. It facilitates the transfer of information to the user. Finger probe (A), finger probe top cover (A1), finger probe bottom cover (A2), 5 safety spring (A3), color sensor (A4), PPG sensor (A5), cuff (A6), finger pad It includes the finger pad (A7), the toe pad (A8) and the top cover stopper (A9). The finger probe top cover (A1) forms the upper part of the finger probe. and the color sensor (A4) must be kept in a fixed position relative to the measurement area. It provides. The finger probe lower cover (A2) protects the lower part of the finger probe. forming and inside the finger probe of the PPG sensor (A5) and the cuff (A6) It ensures that their positions are maintained. The upper and lower parts of the finger probe (A) between the sections is a measurement area where the patient's finger can be placed. It is located. During the measurement, the finger is held between the upper finger cap (A1) and the lower finger cap. It is located between (A2). The finger pad (A7) is positioned between the finger and the PPG sensor 15 (A5) is positioned between and the finger makes direct contact with the PPG sensor (A5). It prevents it from doing so. The finger pad (A7) also measures the finger. It ensures the preservation of its position in the region. Finger pad (A8), finger It is positioned between the finger probe top cover (A1). Finger top pad (A8) prevents direct contact of the finger with the color sensor (A4) and during measurement 20 It contributes to ensuring patient comfort. Safety spring (A3), finger The probe (A) is located in the mechanical structure that comes into contact with the patient and the application to prevent injuries that may occur in the area and the finger probe It provides mechanical safety for comfortable use. Top cover The stopper (A9) restricts the movement of the finger probe upper cover (A1). Thus 25 The finger probe top cover (A1) may negatively affect the measurement geometry to a certain extent. movement is prevented and the position of the sensors relative to the finger is maintained. a contribution is being made. The color sensor (A4) detects the color on the nail surface on the finger probe (A). It is positioned to detect changes. Color sensor (A4), 30 the color change that occurs after the force applied to the finger is removed measuring over time and determining capillary refill time It generates the optical data used. The color sensor (A4) finger probe top cover Position of the sensor relative to the nail surface thanks to being held in place by (A1) 6 It is preserved throughout the measurement period. Thus, the color data is preserved in successive measurements. This is achieved within the same mechanical system. Fingerprint probe (A) is a PPG sensor (A5) separate from the color sensor (A4) It includes a PPG sensor (A5) that processes the image from the finger according to the principle of photoplethysmography. It continuously performs measurements. Data obtained by the PPG sensor (A5) 5 Heart rhythm and pulse data are monitored using a PPG sensor. (A5) also for monitoring blood oxygen saturation. It enables the acquisition of photoplethysmographic data, thus adding to CRT measurement. It allows for the acquisition of circulation parameters. Applying the necessary force to the finger for CRT measurement using finger probe (A) 10 This is done via the sleeve (A6) located inside. The sleeve (A6), pneumatic connection with air pump (B6) located in central control unit (B) It is in this state. When the measurement is started, air is pumped into the sleeve by the air pump (B6). (A6) air is being sent. As a result of the inflation of the cuff (A6), force is applied to the finger. is applied. The applied force is monitored by the force sensor (B13). 15 This ensures that the force applied to the finger reaches the target level. can be monitored and the force in question can be measured during the specified period. It is applicable. After the force application period is complete, the cuff... The air inside (A6) is released suddenly via the air valve (B5). In the sleeve (A6) By reducing the pressure so rapidly, the force applied to the finger is suddenly 20 It is removed as a result. The sudden force release is fundamental to the system's CRT measurement. It constitutes one of the technical elements. The force is manually applied by the user. instead of being lifted in this way, air is released by the valve (B5) lifting, the lifting of the force is electronically controlled. It enables the implementation. Following the removal of the force, the color sensor (A4) 25 The discoloration of the nail surface is detected by this over time, and this The data is transmitted to the central control unit (B) for CRT determination. Central control unit (B), screen cover (B1), housing box and motherboard pins. (B2), side cover (B3), motherboard (B4), valve (B5), air pump (B6), screen (B7), finger Probe data cable output (B8), force sensor output (B9), valve output (B10), pump output 30 (B11) includes the power input (B12) and the force sensor (B13). Housing box and motherboard feet (B2), carrier of the central control unit (B). It forms the housing, holds the motherboard (B4) in place, and acts as an air pump. (B6) houses the valve (B5). 7 Screen cover (B1), screen (B7) on the central control unit (B) It ensures the unit is secured and the unit body is closed. Side cover (B3), Access to the components inside the central control unit (B) when necessary It forms the access section that enables this. 5 The motherboard (B4) is the electronic component that performs the measurement and control operations of the system. It is a circuit board. The motherboard (B4) receives data from the sensors on the finger probe (A). taking and processing, controlling the operation of the air pump (B6) and valve (B5) and measurement data obtained from the force sensor (B13) during the pressure application process It is used in monitoring. The motherboard (B4) has a pressure application system. It enables the simultaneous evaluation of data received from the sensors. Thus, the inflation of the cuff (A6) is carried out by monitoring the applied force, By applying the force for a specified period of time, the valve (B5) is activated and the force is applied. The perception of the color change after the removal of the force and its removal is the same. It is carried out via the control structure. Time-dependent 15 received from the color sensor (A4). The color data is processed by the motherboard (B4) and the applied force is removed. Measurement of capillary refill time based on subsequent color change. The result is generated. The motherboard (B4) also receives the data from the PPG sensor (A5). the processing of the collected data and the measurement system of pulse and SpO2 data. It enables evaluation. 20 The air pump (B6) supplies the air required to inflate the sleeve (A6). This ensures that the operation of the air pump (B6) is controlled by the motherboard (B4). The valve (B5) allows for the rapid release of air inside the sleeve (A6). This ensures that the force application time is determined by the motherboard (B4). After determining that it is complete, actuate valve (B5) and sleeve (A6) 25 The air inside is being expelled and the force applied to the finger is sudden. is being removed. This electronic control of the pump and valve allows for different... In measurements, force application and force removal operations are performed by the same system. It enables its realization. The force sensor (B13) measures the force exerted by the cuff (A6) on the finger at 30°. It enables measurement. Data obtained from the force sensor (B13) is sent to the motherboard (B4). The data is transmitted. The motherboard (B4) uses the data received from the force sensor (B13). the cuff (A6) reaches the targeted force level when applied to the finger It is monitoring that it has not reached its destination. Thus, the sleeve is made with the air pump (B6). 8 The inflation process is monitored along with the measured force data. Force sensor output. (B9) central control of the connection of the force sensor (B13) in the measurement system. It creates the output for implementation via the body of unit (B). The screen (B7) displays the measurements taken in the central control unit (B) to the user. This allows for direct monitoring by the system 5 using CRT measurement results. Other measurement data obtained by the system are displayed to the user via the screen (B7). can be presented. Finger probe data cable output (B8), central control with finger probe (A) central cables used to provide data communication between unit (B) This allows the control unit (B) to be removed from inside. 10 Valve outlet (B10), hoses connected to valve (B5) to central control unit (B) The outlet for passing through the housing is the pump outlet (B11) and the air pump (B6) It forms the outlet for passing the connected hoses. The power input (B12) is... It enables the transmission of electrical power to the motherboard (B4). Through the communication modules located on the motherboard (B4), the system sends 15 The obtained measurement data can be transferred to external devices and networks. Communication is possible wirelessly via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, and wired via Ethernet. This communication can be done via USB. Thanks to this communication structure, the CRT real-time transmission of measurement results to healthcare professionals, Measurements are recorded on a patient-by-patient basis and measurement results are transmitted remotely. 20 It is possible to monitor it. When taking measurements with the system described in this invention, the patient's finger is first used. The finger probe (A) is placed inside. The finger, finger probe top cover (A1) The finger probe is positioned in the measurement area between the lower cover (A2) and the finger probe. Finger bottom pad (A7) and finger top pad (A8) are 25 inches from the finger measurement area. maintaining its position and preventing unwanted direct contact with sensors This ensures that the air is blocked. Following the initiation of the measurement, the motherboard (B4) It operates the pump (B6). Air supplied from the air pump (B6) is fed into the sleeve. (A6) is transmitted and force is applied to the finger by inflating the cuff (A6). The force generated by the sleeve (A6) is measured by the force sensor (B13). 30 and the measurement result is transmitted to the motherboard (B4). The motherboard (B4) receives the force sensor (B13) It tracks the force applied to the finger using the data obtained. The target is... When the specified force level is reached, the force remains on the finger for the predetermined duration. is held. Upon completion of the force application time, the mainboard (B4) valve 9 (B5) checks and the air inside the sleeve (A6) is released suddenly through the valve (B5). is discharged. Thus, the force applied to the finger is quickly released. is removed. Following the removal of the force, the color sensor (A4) is placed on the nail surface. It measures the color change that occurs over time. The resulting optical data... 5 via the data link between the finger probe (A) and the central control unit (B) The transfer is made to the motherboard (B4). The motherboard (B4), upon removal of the force, follows this process. By evaluating the data regarding color change within the same measurement process, capillaries It generates the measurement result regarding the refill time. The PPG sensor (A5) We continue to obtain photoplethysmographic data from the finger and this data It is used to monitor pulse rate and blood oxygen saturation. 10 were created. The measurement results are displayed to the user via the screen (B7). Also on the motherboard (B4) Measurement data can be transmitted via wired or wireless communication using the communication modules located on the device. via communication infrastructure to external devices, local networks or cloud systems It can be transferred. The system automatically performs the measurement process at specific time intervals. 15 It can be operated in a way that allows for repetition. This is especially true in intensive care. Monitoring the time-dependent change in capillary refill time in patients and recording of measurements taken at different times on a patient-by-patient basis. This is ensured by applying force to the finger in this configuration, and the applied force... Monitoring with a sensor, maintaining the force for a specified period, 20 in the cuff The sudden release of air through the valve, the color changing following the removal of force. the detection of the change and the processing of the obtained data in the central control unit This is done within the same system. Thus, it avoids the application of manual force. and variability that may result from the force being removed by the user reduced and capillary refill time objectively, automatically and repeatably 25 An integrated structure is obtained for measuring in this way.

Claims

REQUESTS 1. Objective and repeatable measurement of capillary refill time. It is a capillary refill time monitoring system that provides the following features: - a measurement area where the patient's finger is placed 5 and according to the measurement region of the color sensor (A4) finger probe top cover (A1) which ensures that it is held in a fixed position, inside the finger probe of the PPG sensor (A5) and the cuff (A6) finger probe lower cover that ensures their positions are maintained (A2), safety spring 10 providing mechanical safety in the application area. (A3), the nail after the force applied to the finger is removed. color change occurring on the surface over time Used in determining capillary refill time by sensing color sensor (A4) that generates optical data, via finger By obtaining photoplethysmographic data, heart rhythm, pulse and blood oxygen levels can be measured. PPG sensor (A5) which provides data for monitoring saturation, a device that applies force to the finger by inflating it, and the air inside... by evacuating the force in question, thus enabling its removal The cuff (A6) is positioned between the finger and the PPG sensor (A5) preventing direct contact of the finger with the PPG sensor (A5) and 20 finger bottom pad (A7) that maintains the position of the finger in the measuring area, positioned between the finger and the finger probe top cover (A1) finger that prevents direct contact with the color sensor (A4) movement of the top pad (A8) and the finger probe top cover (A1) by limiting the positioning of the sensors relative to the finger 25 a finger probe (A) and including the top cover stopper (A9) that provides, - fixing the screen (B7) on the central control unit (B) and the unit screen cover (B1) which allows the body to be closed, motherboard (B4) housing that holds in place and houses the air pump (B6) and valve (B5) box and motherboard pins (B2), 30 inside the central control unit (B) side cover (B3) providing access to components, finger probe (A) air pump (B6) that receives and processes data from the sensors on it and obtained from the force sensor (B13) which controls the operation of the valve (B5). Using the obtained measurement data, the pressure applied by the cuff (A6) to the finger 11 controlling the force, inflating the cuff (A6), monitoring the force to be implemented, to be applied for the specified period and the valve (B5) a color sensor that controls its sudden removal upon activation (A4) time-dependent optical data received with the removal of force by evaluating the measurement result regarding capillary refill time 5 photoplethysmographic data generated and taken from the PPG sensor (A5) The working motherboard (B4) quickly removes the air inside the sleeve (A6). by releasing the force applied to the finger the valve (B5) that supplies the air required to inflate the sleeve (A6). the air pump (B6) that provides the measurement results to the user 10 the screen (B7) that allows it to be directly monitored by the motherboard (B4) the power input (B12) and the sleeve (A6) that enable the transmission of electrical energy by measuring the force it creates on the finger, regarding that force a central unit containing the force sensor (B13) that transmits data to the motherboard (B4) It is characterized by containing a control unit (B). 15 2. According to Claim 1, it is a capillary refill time monitoring system, the feature of which is; central control unit (B), finger probe (A) and central control unit (B) central control unit of cables providing data communication between (B) Finger probe data cable output (B8) which allows it to be passed through the body, Central control 20 connection of the force sensor (B13) in the measurement system force sensor that enables the operation via the body of unit (B) outlet (B9), hoses connected to valve (B5) central control unit (B) valve outlet (B10) which allows passage through the body and to the air pump (B6) the connected hoses pass through the central control unit (B) housing It is characterized by including the pump outlet (B11) which provides 25

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