IMPACT RESPONSE DETECTING WARNING FOR HOT METAL FORGING

Abstract

The invention relates to an impact response sensing forging hammer used for hand forging hot metal workpieces (12), comprising a hammer head (1), hammer handle (2), impact surface (3), a vibration and / or acceleration sensor (4) that detects the mechanical response generated during actual forging blows, an impact isolation element (19) that protects the sensor from high impact effects, a memory unit (6) that stores the mechanical responses obtained from the initial hot forging blows as a reference, an electronic evaluation unit (5) that determines the forgeability of the workpiece by comparing the mechanical responses obtained from subsequent blows with the reference, and a visual warning unit (8) with green, yellow and red warning elements (9, 10, 11) that inform the user of the determined condition as suitable for forging, nearing reheating or requiring reheating.

Description

1 TARIFF IMPACT RESPONSE DETECTION ALERT FORGING FOR HOT METAL FORGING ATTRACTIVE TECHNICAL FIELD The invention is a forging device used in shaping hot metal workpieces by hand hammering. This relates to hammers, and specifically to the effects of actual forging strokes on the workpiece. Monitoring the malleability of the workpiece by detecting vibration, acceleration and / or impact response. and the need for the user to continue or reheat the tattooing process. This relates to sensor-equipped and warning forging hammers that allow for warnings to be given. 10 STATE OF THE ART In hot metal forging processes, iron, steel, and similar metal workpieces are plastically shaped. It is heated to a temperature level suitable for manipulation, and then a hand hammer or sledgehammer is used. 15 is brought in. During the forging process, the workpiece comes into contact with the environment, the anvil, and the materials used. Due to the transfer of heat to the forging tool, its temperature gradually decreases; consequently as a measure of the material's deformation resistance, yield behavior, and the applied hammer blow. The mechanical response it provides changes. It goes beyond the appropriate forging condition of the workpiece. Continuing the tattooing process despite the appearance of the defect resulted in the same plastic deformation being obtained. 20 This may require higher impact energy to be achieved, and crack formation in the workpiece can occur. tool wear, unwanted kickback, and reduced forming efficiency, etc. This can lead to negative consequences. In traditional hand forging techniques, the workpiece is continuously forged. The time it takes to reheat and cannot be done usually depends on the user's experience. This is determined depending on the user; the color of the hot metal as a result of the applied impact. the sound produced, the kickback of the hammer, and the deformation of the workpiece under impact. The decision is made by observing the behavior. However, this evaluation; ambient lighting, type of metal or alloy being processed, workpiece cross-section, surface condition, This can be affected by variables such as the type of hammer used and the user's experience. The current 30 In this study, the basic requirement is to process the workpiece without interrupting the normal forging process. the mechanical response of the tattoo to actual tattoo strokes becomes evaluable from the user's perspective. It is the bringing about of. In the known state of the art, a sensor is placed on the hammer to detect the applied impact and the impact of the force. There are various systems for determining the resulting vibrations. These 35 2 Within this scope, patent document number WO2019185114A1 describes an impact on a test object. a smart device used for implementation and containing a vibration sensor, specifically an accelerometer The impact test hammer is explained. The results obtained after the impact in this system are described. The vibration signal can be compared with a reference vibration signal; sufficient comparison with the reference signal is possible. A coup that does not show similarities can be considered an inappropriate coup, and the word 5 The measurement data related to the coup can be excluded from the evaluation. Therefore, this... The document describes how impact-induced vibration data is obtained from a sensor located on the hammer, and an approach was put forward regarding the use of the data in question in the evaluation of the coup. However, the primary purpose of the document is to demonstrate the dynamics of the structure being tested. Performing a suitable test pulse to determine its characteristics and 10 The goal is to determine that it has not been performed; plastic forming of a hot metal workpiece. It is not intended to determine the malleability status that changes during the process. In patent number EP0141013B1, which is another document relating to the prior art... an instrument used to vibrately stimulate a test object A test hammer is described. The head structure of the hammer in question electrically transmits the impact force. It has a transducer that converts the signal; in a different application, it has a sensing element. An accelerometer is used. The document also describes the effect of the hammer after impact. to reduce the effect of the incoming vibrations on the measurement result and to obtain the signal making it as independent as possible from the user's attractive holding style The aim is to measure the force of the impact between the hammer and the test object. This allows for the electrical determination of acceleration characteristics. However, the word... The system in question is essentially a test hammer, and it uses hot metal to create plastic. the work during successive real tattoo strokes performed for the purpose of shaping monitoring the changing mechanical condition of the part and informing the user about the forging process. 25 Direct warning to continue or reheat the workpiece It does not present a structure aimed at that. Therefore, in the known state of the art, the force placed on the hammer is due to vibration and / or Determining the characteristics of the applied pulse through acceleration sensing elements While solutions exist for this purpose, these solutions mainly focus on the test objects. It is intended to stimulate vibrationally and / or measure the applied test pulse. This 30 Therefore, true forging is performed for the purpose of shaping hot metal workpieces. detecting and evaluating the mechanical response generated during impacts as a result of the workpiece's suitability for continuing the forging process and / or reheating Handheld devices with sensing and warning elements that can provide the user with direct information about their needs. An integrated structure with the tattoo artist is needed. 35 3 THE PURPOSE OF THE INVENTION The main purpose of the invention is to improve the process of hammering hot metal workpieces with a hand hammer. mechanical response resulting from actual shaping strokes performed the perception and, depending on that response, the continuation of the forging process on the workpiece. Sensor-equipped and 5 that provide the user with direct information about suitability for use. The aim is to create an attractive tattoo with a warning feature. The purpose of the invention is to stop the forging process in order to determine the condition of the workpiece. or without requiring a separate test blow to be applied to the workpiece, plasticizing the workpiece The actual tattoo strokes performed with the aim of shaping it are also The aim is to enable it to be used as a perceptual input. Thus, the user will see a normal tattoo as 10 monitoring the mechanical response of the workpiece to impacts while it continues its motion that is intended. Another purpose of the invention is to determine the absolute temperature of the workpiece using a separate temperature measuring device. by reducing the need for direct measurement, the workpiece undergoes hot and plastic deformation. 15 that occurs during the transition from a favorable state to a lower malleability state Detection of changes in vibration, acceleration, rebound and / or impact contact characteristics to provide opportunities. Another purpose of the invention is to apply a starting pressure to a hot and malleable workpiece. referencing the mechanical response obtained from the blows and then the actual forging. This allows the changes that occurred during the coups to be followed according to this reference. 20 by providing the user with the situation where reheating the workpiece becomes necessary. The goal is to ensure that it is noticed in time. Another purpose of the invention is to provide an assessment of the forging condition of the workpiece. visual, auditory and / or vibratory cues without requiring the user to interrupt their working motion. It is to notify the user in the form of a user alert. 25 Another purpose of the invention is to reduce the high impact and vibrations to which the hammer head is subjected. by reducing the negative impact on sensors and electronic components, It can be integrated and securely placed in the hammer structure, and is suitable for hand use. A durable tattoo is about creating an attractive look. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below and in these 30 Thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to the figures, it becomes clearer. 4 This will be understood, and therefore the evaluation will also take these forms and detailed explanations into account. It must be done by taking it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES The best way to utilize the advantages of the existing invention, together with its structure and additional elements. For it to be understood, it must be considered together with the figures explained below. Figure 1: Shows the general view of the sensor-equipped and alert-controlled forging hammer, which is the subject of the invention. Figure 2: Internal structure of the forging hammer and electronic components of the hammer, which is the subject of the invention. It is a cross-sectional view showing its location within the structure. 10 Figure 3: Application of a forging hammer to the hot metal workpiece and after the impact. This shows the status of the study regarding the perception of the resulting mechanical response. Figure 4: Movement before and after a tattoo stroke. This is a sample signal representation of the incoming dynamic response. Figure 5: 15 Sample mechanical responses obtained at different malleability states of the workpiece. It is a comparative representation. Figure 6: Example of user warning and stroke control elements found in a forging hammer. It shows the location. Figure 7: Evaluation of impact data obtained from the sensor to determine malleability and impact. This is a functional block diagram for generating a user alert regarding the status. 20 REFERENCE NUMBERS 1. Hammer head 2. Hammer handle 3. Impact surface 25 4. Vibration and / or acceleration sensor 5. Electronic evaluation unit 6. Memory unit 7. Energy source 8. Visual warning unit 30 9. Green warning element 10. Yellow warning element 11. Red warning element 12. Workpiece 13. Anvil 14. Impact direction 5 15. Pre-impact motion detection section 16. Post-impact response signal. 17. User input element 18. Wireless communication unit 19. Impact insulation element 10 20. Auditory and / or vibratory warning element 21. Stroke control indicator 22. Insufficient / slow impact warning element 23. Proper hit indicator 24. Excessively fast / intense impact warning element 15 25. Stroke control switch / mode selector 26. Impulse input magnitude determination block 27. Dynamic response features inference block 28. Normalization block 29. Trend and threshold assessment block 20 30. Stroke validity filter 31. Normalized impact response for suitable malleability condition. 32. Normalized impact response for approaching the critical zone. 33. Normalized impulse response for reheating required condition. The drawings do not necessarily need to be scaled and are necessary for understanding the invention. Details that are not present may have been overlooked. Furthermore, at least to a large extent... Elements that are identical or at least have substantially identical functions are numbered the same. It is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the shaping of hot metal workpieces (12) by hand forging, The mechanical properties of the workpiece (12) against the actual forging strokes performed. depending on the perception of the response and the mechanical response in question, the workpiece is given to the user. (12) A tattoo with sensors and warnings to give a warning about the malleability status 35 It is attractive. The invention is a forged hammer consisting of a hammer head (1), attached to the hammer head (1). 6 hammer handle (2), impact surface (3) which enables the transfer of the impact to the workpiece (12), forging at least one vibration and / or acceleration that detects the mechanical response occurring during the impact sensor (4), electronic evaluation unit that evaluates the data obtained from the sensor (4) (5) and includes a visual alert unit (8) that informs the user of the evaluation result. The hammer head (1) is necessary for plastic shaping of the hot metal workpiece (12). It has a metallic and impact-resistant structure suitable for generating mechanical impact. The impact surface (3) is the part of the hammer head (1) that contacts the workpiece (12). The hammer handle (2) is mechanically connected to the hammer head (1) by the user. It enables the tractor to grip and move in the direction of impact (14). Vibration and / or acceleration sensor (4), preferably inside the hammer head (1) or 10 of the hammer head (1) mechanically attached to the hammer head so that it can detect its mechanical movement. It is located in the region. Thus, the sensor (4) monitors not only the general movement of the hammer, As a result of the impact surface (3) contacting the workpiece (12), the hammer head (1) is affected It can also detect the incoming dynamic mechanical response. Vibration and / or acceleration sensor (4); A MEMS accelerometer with a high pulse measurement range, piezoelectric accelerometer, 15 piezoelectric pulse sensor, strain sensor or what occurs during a tattooing pulse It may be in another sensor structure suitable for determining the mechanical response. The sensor (4) the mechanical connection with the measuring range and the hammer head (1), which occurs during forging detection of high impact values ​​and pre-impact movement and post-impact mechanical The responses are designed to be easily distinguished from one another. These sensor alternatives are 20. This is clearly described in the current draft as well. Electronic evaluation unit (5), data communication with vibration and / or acceleration sensor (4) It is connected in such a way as to provide. Electronic evaluation unit (5) hammer head (1) inside, on the hammer handle (2) or in another place more protected against the impact of the hammer. It can be positioned in the section. The hammer head (1) is subjected to high impact accelerations 25 for the mechanical protection of the sensor (4) and / or electronic components. Impact isolation element (19) can be used. Impact isolation element (19); elastomer, spring carrier, flexible electronic circuit connection or harmful shock effect transmitted to electronic components It can be constructed in the form of an equivalent mechanical structure suitable for reduction. Electronics The evaluation unit (5), memory unit (6) and power source (7) are also 30 more than the impact surface (3). It can be positioned in a sheltered area or on the hammer handle (2). The electrical energy source (7) required by the electronic evaluation unit (5) The energy source (7) is provided by a rechargeable battery, a replaceable battery or a hammer. It could also take the form of another compact power source suitable for handheld use. 7 Working Principle During the forging process, the hot metal workpiece (12) is positioned on the anvil (13) and The user works by moving the hammer head (1) in the direction of impact (14) to work the impact surface (3). It strikes the workpiece (12). The impact causes the workpiece (12) to become plastic. It is the actual forging stroke that shapes the workpiece. Therefore, the condition of the workpiece in the invention is 5 a separate test pulse outside of the normal tattooing process to determine It is not necessary to carry it out. Vibration, acceleration and in the hammer head (1) when the impact surface (3) contacts the workpiece (12). A mechanical response in the form of a recoil occurs. The workpiece (12) is hot and plastic. If the workpiece is susceptible to deformation, a portion of the impact energy is transferred to its plastic 10 It is consumed in the deformation of the workpiece (12) as it cools and deforms during forging. Dynamic mechanics occurring in the hammer head (1) as resistance to change increases The answer also varies. The vibration and / or acceleration sensor (4) detects the mechanical response and the electronic It transmits to the evaluation unit (5). The electronic evaluation unit (5) receives 15 from the sensor (4). The peak acceleration, rebound acceleration, pulse contact time, and vibration damping can be determined from the obtained signal. duration, energy within specific frequency ranges, dominant vibration frequency, pulse impulse, pulse at least one of the pre-impact movement and / or post-impact movement changes It is able to determine. In a preferred application, data obtained from the sensor (4) provides pre-impact motion detection 20 to cover section (15), the moment of impact and the post-impact response signal (16) This is being evaluated. Thus, in terms of the actual forging stroke, both the work of the hammer and the hammer itself are being assessed. Information regarding both the approach movement to the workpiece and what happens after contact with the workpiece. The resulting mechanical response can be obtained. The electronic evaluation unit (5) represents the input magnitude of the pulse, pulse 25 via the input magnitude determination block (26) and the mechanical response after the impact Its features can be determined via the dynamic response features inference block (27). The answer is to minimize the impact of blows of varying intensities on the evaluation result. In order to normalize, the pulse input magnitude can be normalized according to the normalization block (28). Thus, only 30 resulting from the user hitting harder or weaker. changes are considered as changes in the malleability of the workpiece (12) is being reduced. The current draft uses this normalization with ratioing, scaling, and a reference curve. this can be done in the form of comparison or multiparameter calibration It supports. 8 In the preferred practice, after the workpiece (12) is removed from the furnace or oven the first one or more valid facts realized in a hot and malleable condition mechanical response obtained from the tattooing pulse, electronic evaluation unit (5) It is determined as the initial reference by and stored in the memory unit (6). The process of creating a reference can be started via the user input element (17) or a new 5 It can also be performed automatically upon initiation of a work cycle. Thus The initial temperature of that workpiece for different workpieces, metal types, or operating conditions. and a reference can be created that represents its malleable state. As the forging process continues, the mechanics obtained from subsequent actual forging strokes... The responses are compared to an initial reference. In successive pulses, the response is 10 times less than the reference response. Using the amount and / or direction of the deviation that occurs, the relative (12) of the workpiece Changes in malleability are being monitored. As a result of the evaluation carried out in the electronic evaluation unit (5), the job If part (12) is determined to be in a condition suitable for forging, the green warning element (9) If it is determined that it is approaching the reheat limit, the yellow warning element (10) will interrupt the tattooing process. If it is determined that it needs to be reheated by giving it a red warning symbol (11) This enables the user to continue the workpiece without interrupting the forging motion. It is possible to visually monitor its condition. Auditory and / or vibrating warning element in addition to or instead of the visual warning unit (8). (20) can be used. These warning elements are located on the hammer head (1), the hammer handle (2) or 20 It could be positioned in another area more suitable for the user to detect the alert. In a preferred application, the electronic evaluation unit (5) evaluates each tattoo stroke. whether the part (12) is suitable for use in determining its condition. It determines the validity filter (30) through the impact speed and / or impact intensity. being outside the defined working range, the impact being in an inappropriate direction 25 the execution, the occurrence of multiple contacts, or the signal obtained If the coup attempt is not deemed suitable for evaluation, it may be excluded from the assessment. In a preferred application of the invention, the same vibration and / or acceleration sensor (4) enables the user It is also used in monitoring the striking technique. Electronic evaluation unit (5), 30 from the movement of the hammer head (1) before the impact to the impact speed and / or impact force to determine a value and to define that value within predefined operating limits. It compares them. 9 Beat control indicator (21); insufficient / slow beat indicating insufficient or slow beats Warning element (22), suitable impact indicator (23) reporting the impacts within the appropriate working range and the over-fast / violent impact warning element (24) which reports over-fast or violent impacts. It may include a stroke control indicator (21), a visual indicator that reports the malleability status of the workpiece. It can be physically positioned separately from the warning unit (8). Thus, the user can see the workpiece 5 distinguish between warnings regarding the situation and warnings regarding one's own striking technique. is able to. The stroke control function is controlled by the user via the stroke control switch / mode selector (25). It can be enabled or disabled by [the system / regulation]. For impact speed and / or impact intensity. The lower and upper working limits used depend on the characteristics of the hammer used, the type of metal, and the job. This structure can be modified according to the approximate cross-section of part (12) and / or user preference. This also forms a clear basis for the dependent claims in the current draft. The tattoo hammer may also include a wireless communication unit (18). Wireless communication unit Data obtained from the sensor (4) via (18), evaluation results, impact information and / or work records can be shared with an external device. Sensor (4) with electronic 15 Data communication between the evaluation unit (5) is also wired or depending on the application. This can be done wirelessly. With this structure, the invention is carried out for the purpose of shaping the hot metal workpiece (12). normal and actual tattoo strokes are observed, and mechanical status information is obtained simultaneously. using as a shock; vibration and / or acceleration sensor (4), electronic evaluation unit 20 (5) and the visual warning unit (8) work together with the tattoo hammer, thanks to the user's It is possible to monitor the forgeability status of the workpiece (12) during the forging process. It provides. The scope of protection in this application is defined in the claims section and is explicitly stated above. The examples given cannot be limited to those described; a person skilled in the technique can demonstrate the invention in 25 the innovation introduced can be created by using similar structures and / or this It is clear that this structure can be applied to other areas with similar purposes using the same technique. Therefore, such structures foster innovation and, in particular, surpass the known state of technology. It is also obvious that it will lack this criterion.

Claims

REQUESTS 1. The invention is a device used for shaping hot metal workpieces (12) by hand forging, a hammer head (1), a hammer handle (2) attached to the said hammer head (1) and the workpiece (12) is a tattoo hammer containing an impact surface (3) that enables the application of impact, Feature; 5 • the hammer head (1) during the actual forging stroke that shapes the workpiece (12) after the impact surface (3) contacts the workpiece (12) with the pre-impact movement inside the hammer head (1) to detect the dynamic mechanical response that occurs or vibration positioned mechanically attached to the hammer head (1) and / or accelerometer (4), 10 • the mentioned vibration and / or acceleration sensor (4) from high impact effects between the sensor (4) and the hammer head (1) to ensure its protection positioned impact isolation element (19), • connected with the mentioned vibration and / or acceleration sensor (4), hot and forging 15 obtained from the initial actual forging strokes applied to the suitable workpiece (12) storing the received mechanical response data as a reference in the memory unit (6) and mechanical response data obtained from subsequent actual tattooing strokes by comparing with the reference, the workpiece corresponds to the malleability status (12) of the workpiece. Electronic evaluation unit that generates warning output (5), • 20 depending on the warning output generated by the mentioned electronic evaluation unit (5). as workpiece (12) suitable for forging, nearing reheating or reheating to inform the user of at least one of the situations where heating is required distinguishable green warning element (9), yellow warning element (10) and red warning element (11) Visual warning unit (8), It is characterized by its inclusion. 25 2. A tattoo hammer conforming to Claim 1, characterized by the following features: damage occurring during the tattooing stroke. MEMS accelerometer and piezoelectric to enable detection of high pulse values. Vibration in the structure of accelerometer, piezoelectric pulse sensor and / or strain sensor It is characterized by containing an accelerometer (4) and / or accelerometer.

3. A forging hammer conforming to Claim 1, whose characteristic is that the workpiece (12) after 30 peak acceleration, recoil acceleration, to enable the determination of the mechanical response it generates, contact time, vibration damping time, frequency band energy, dominant vibration frequency and / or by including an electronic evaluation unit (5) that identifies at least one of the pulse impulses It is characterized by... 11 4. A tattoo according to Claim 1 is attractive, characterized by strokes of varying intensities. post-impact measures to minimize the impact on malleability assessment Normalization block that normalizes mechanical response data according to pulse input magnitude. (28) is characterized by its inclusion.

5. A tattoo artist conforming to Claim 1, whose characteristic is that improper tattoo strokes are removed. determined to prevent the effect of determining the malleability of part (12) a strike that excludes strikes that do not meet the validity condition from evaluation It is characterized by containing a validity filter (30).

6. A tattoo hammer conforming to Claim 1, characterized by its composition being derived from successive actual tattoo strokes. the change of the mechanical responses obtained with respect to the initial reference and the workpiece (12) 10 trend and threshold to enable the determination of approaching the reheating limit It is characterized by containing an evaluation block (29).

7. A forging hammer conforming to Claim 1, whose characteristic is that the workpiece (12) is malleable. The warning regarding the validity of the strike and the warning regarding the appropriateness of the strike performed by the user are distinct from each other. 15 Physically separated from the visual warning unit (8) to enable it to be distinguished It is characterized by having a positioned strike control indicator (21).

8. A tattoo hammer conforming to Claim 7, characterized by its stroke speed and / or impact force. to ensure the user is notified gradually according to the defined operating range insufficient / slow stroke warning element (22), appropriate stroke indicator (23) and excessively fast / violent It is characterized by having a strike warning element (24). 20 9. A tattoo hammer conforming to claim 7 or 8, whose feature is: stroke control function. a hit to enable and / or disable it by the user It is characterized by containing a control switch / mode selector (25).

10. A forging hammer conforming to Claim 1, whose characteristic is that the workpiece (12) is malleable. In addition to the visual warning, the warning is also provided to the user audibly and / or tactilely. 25 by including an auditory and / or vibratory warning element (20) to enable its detection It is characterized by...

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