A hybrid type steam boiler in which flames and hot gases are directed.

Abstract

The invention relates to a hybrid type steam boiler in which the flame and hot gases resulting from combustion are directed in a controlled manner within the boiler and direct contact with the upper casing is prevented.

Description

1 TARIFF A hybrid type steam boiler in which flames and hot gases are directed. Technical Area The invention describes the controlled management of flames and hot gases produced by combustion within a boiler. a hybrid type 5 in which it is guided in such a way and direct contact with the upper body is prevented It is related to the steam boiler. State of the Art Hybrid steam boilers combine the advantages of different boiler technologies in a single system. It was developed for the purpose of combining, in particular, high steam capacity, and fast loading. 10 in industrial applications requiring adaptation to changes and high energy efficiency This type of boiler is preferred. In these boilers, there is usually a water-tube combustion chamber in the lower section. While located at the top, a flame / smoke tube (Scotch type) boiler shell is situated at the bottom. The water-tube combustion chamber safely absorbs high heat fluxes. while ensuring reliable operation at high pressures, in the upper section In a flame / smoke tube design, the residual heat in the combustion gases is efficiently utilized. This allows for the evaluation of the heat transfer between the two systems. The advantages it possesses in this respect are brought together in a single boiler. This refers to a hybrid type steam boiler, which is part of the known state of the art. In these systems, fuel combustion takes place in the lower section, and the resulting flame is used for high-voltage combustion. The flue gas at this temperature moves upwards and directly reaches the 20 located in the upper section. It reaches the flame / smoke tube boiler shell. The lower combustion chamber and the upper boiler Since there is no structure between the body to direct the flame flow, as a result of combustion The resulting flames and hot gases can come into direct contact with the upper body sheet metal. This This situation causes the flame to concentrate at certain points, resulting in a high heat load in those areas. This causes the flame to form. Direct contact of the flame with the boiler surfaces 25 The "flame impingement" effect that occurs in this situation causes localized overheating on the boiler surfaces. and can cause the material temperature to exceed the design limits. This This type of local overheating causes deformation in boiler tubes and surfaces. It is known to cause damage such as cracks or tears. Also in boiler water. The accumulation of sediment or scale that may occur also reduces heat transfer, affecting the metal surface. 30 This can cause the temperature to rise even further. This situation is long-term. 2 The study investigated structural defects in the shell plate such as deformation, bulging, or pipe damage. This can lead to problems. Therefore, the current hybrid boiler The main technical problems that emerged in their designs can be listed as follows: - The flame directly contacting the upper boiler body. - Local overheating occurring in certain regions 5 - Thermal deformation and material damage on the shell or pipe surfaces. - Inefficient heat transfer - Risks to boiler safety and service life in long-term operations. formation The flames and hot gases resulting from combustion are released in a controlled manner inside the boiler. redirection and prevention of direct contact with the upper body, hybrid type vapor This presents a significant technical problem that needs to be solved in their boilers. Therefore, we aim to improve the performance of hybrid steam boilers and reduce fuel consumption. to reduce emissions, improve emission values ​​and extend the operating life of the system New structural arrangements and improvements in this regard have increased in importance in the relevant technical field. It protects. In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions being the subject of discussion... Due to its shortcomings, an improvement is needed in the relevant technical field. It has been made. Purpose of the Invention 20 The invention was created by drawing inspiration from existing situations and overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks. It aims to solve the problem. The main purpose of the invention is to reduce the flame formed in the lower combustion zone of hybrid type steam boilers. direct contact with the flame / smoke tube boiler shell located in the upper section eliminates the risks of local overheating, deformation and structural damage resulting from this. 25 to remove. The other purpose of the invention is to create a system consisting of multiple controlled combustion and heat transfer zones. The goal is to create a boiler structure. 3 Another aim of the invention is to achieve heat transfer primarily through water pipe surfaces. to ensure its realization. Another aim of the invention is to achieve more controlled combustion by directing the gas flow. to provide. Another objective of the invention is to reduce flue gas emissions by means of directed combustion flow. The goal is to ensure the improvement of their values. Another purpose of the invention is to provide the plant with a drier and more efficient operation through the use of an additional drum. The purpose is to enable the transmission of steam. To fulfill the purposes described above, the invention can be used in industrial facilities for both... High-efficiency steam generator that can be used in both solid fuel and natural gas fueled systems. enabling production,  Controlled and efficient movement of solid fuel a rotating grate combustion system that enables combustion,  The infrastructure of the boiler, which includes water pipes, and water tube section where high heat transfer is achieved, 15  The heat obtained from combustion gases is transferred to the surfaces of the flue pipes. enabling the transfer of water through it and efficient steam production. flame-smoke tube section,  Recovery of waste heat from hot flue gases exiting the boiler economizer, which provides 20  By drawing the flue gases produced as a result of combustion through the system a chimney fan that directs the air towards the chimney,  Safe release of waste gases resulting from combustion into the atmosphere chimney that allows the expulsion, It is a hybrid type steam boiler containing; 25  Enables controlled combustion of fuel, surrounded by water pipes. The heat generated is restricted and transferred directly through water pipes to the boiler. enabling the transfer of water and with its water pipe structure, it has a wide range of applications. A sub-base that enables high-efficiency steam production by creating a transfer surface. water-tube combustion chamber, 30  Combustion: The flame formed in the lower combustion zone passes through the upper flame-smoke tube. preventing direct contact with the area, both the heat transfer surface 4 it forms and also a protective structure between the flame and the upper body sheet metal. by creating a water pipe transition surface that reduces the risk of local overheating.  The hot gases produced as a result of combustion are released in a controlled manner into the upper section. to the section containing the flame-smoke tubes, i.e., the smoke tubes gas passage channel 5 that enables its redirection It includes. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. This becomes clearer thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures. This will be understood as such, and therefore the evaluation will also take these forms and detailed explanations into account. This should be done taking this into consideration. 10 Figures that will help understand the invention. Figure 1 shows a general perspective view of a hybrid type steam boiler. Figure 2 shows a side view of the hybrid steam boiler. Figure 3 shows the water-tube combustion chamber, transition surfaces, gas passage channel, and auxiliary drum. It is the appearance. 15 Figure 4 shows a detailed view of the hybrid type steam boiler. Explanation of Part References 1. Rotary grate combustion system 2. Water pipe section 3. Flame-smoke tube section 20 4. Drum 5. Economizer 6. Chimney fan 7. Chimney 8. Wet filter 25 9. Bottom water-tube combustion chamber 10. Water pipe transition surface 11. Gas transfer channel 13. Water pipes 14. Upper body sheet metal 5 15. Smoke pipes 16. Boiler water 17. Steam outlet line A. Combustion chamber Detailed Description of the Invention 10 This detailed description explains that the hybrid type steam boiler that is the subject of the invention is the preferred type. Their structures are explained solely to facilitate a better understanding of the subject. The hybrid type steam boiler, the subject of the invention, is shown in Figure 1 and is an existing hybrid type boiler. The flame formed in the lower combustion chamber of steam boilers directly reaches the upper section. Local excess resulting from contact with the flame / smoke tube boiler shell 15 It aims to eliminate the risks of heating, deformation, and structural damage. For this purpose, the boiler structure incorporates multiple controlled combustion and heat transfer mechanisms. It was created from the region. A water-tube combustion chamber (A) is formed in the lower section. The combustion process takes place in this water. It takes place in a tubular combustion chamber and the high temperature of 20 resulting from combustion Flames and gases primarily come into contact with the water pipes (13) surrounding this area. Thus, the heat energy released during combustion is transferred directly to the water pipes. and a large heat transfer surface is obtained within the boiler. This structure is the same This contributes to a more controlled combustion process. Here The combustion chamber (A) is the enclosed volume where combustion takes place; the water pipes (13) are the 25 heat transfer elements surrounding and in which boiler water (16) circulates is doing. 6 The subject of the invention is a boiler with a rotary grate combustion system, this system being solid. It is used to ensure controlled combustion of the fuel. The fuel, supply It is transferred to the combustion chamber (A) via the system and thanks to the rotating grate structure Controlled progression and homogeneous combustion are ensured. The perimeter of the combustion chamber (A), Except for the rotary grate combustion system (1) in the base, inside them boiler water (16) 5 It is limited by circulating water pipes (13). In this way, combustion is limited by volume, flame The geometry and gas flow direction are defined, and the wall surface temperatures are controlled by water circulation. It takes place within a confined, enclosed area. The flame is freely above. Instead of moving towards the boiler body, it is kept within this defined volume; rotating Fuel advancement rate and combustion air on grate combustion system (1) 10 Thanks to its adjustable nature, the intensity of combustion and temperature distribution can be regulated. The flames and hot gases resulting from combustion pass through the flame / smoke tube located in the upper section. In order to prevent the combustion from directly contacting the boiler body, which is section (3), There are water pipe transition surfaces (10) between the region and the upper body. This water Thanks to the tubular structure, the flame is prevented from hitting the body sheet metal (14) directly and 15 Heat transfer primarily takes place through these pipes. Thanks to this structure... both an additional heat transfer area is created inside the boiler and the upper body sheet metal. (14) The risks of local overheating and deformation that may occur on it are reduced. The gas flow resulting from combustion is then directed within the boiler. Passing through the gas passage channel (11) to the flame-smoke tube heat 20 located in the upper section It is transferred to the conversion area, namely the smoke pipes (15). This transfer channel Thanks to this, the flame and hot gas flow are directed in a controlled manner, and the top of the flame... Direct contact between the boiler body and the gas flow is prevented. Additionally, the gas flow... Thanks to its redirection, combustion takes place more evenly and flue gas emissions are reduced. This contributes to improving their values. 25 In summary, the subject of the invention is a hybrid type steam boiler with a water-tube structure located in the lower section. The hybrid structure is achieved by using a flame-smoke tube system in conjunction with the upper section. A working principle is obtained. Thanks to this structure, it is both fast and highly efficient. Heat transfer and a larger water volume ensure more stable steam production. One application of the invention includes an additional drum (4). This additional drum (4) boiler 30 By enabling more efficient separation of the steam formed within, it creates water-steam. It helps to obtain drier steam from the mixture. The dried steam, The steam is transmitted to the operation via the steam outlet line (17) on the drum; thus 7 The moisture content of the steam sent to the facility is reduced, and the steam quality is improved. The system is being expanded. Depending on operational needs, the system can be equipped with or without additional drums. It can be designed in this way. One application of the invention involves a wet filter (8). The wet filter (8) is particularly suitable for solids. 5. The process of capturing ash, dust, and particles formed in fuel systems by bringing them into contact with water. This reduces the amount of particles in the flue gas and thus protects the environment. This contributes to reducing the emitted emission values. The invention concerns one of the other elements in the boiler that enable the system to function. economizer (5). The economizer recovers the waste heat found in the flue gas. It is used for the purpose of heating. In this section, hot flue gases are fed into the boiler 10 It preheats the feedwater to be sent. This reduces fuel consumption, and the system... Efficiency is increased and energy losses are minimized by reducing flue gas temperature. Here, the gas flow is then carried out through the system with the help of a flue fan (6). The flue fan (6) creates the necessary negative pressure inside the boiler. It ensures that the combustion continues in a controlled manner. At the same time, combustion 15 It regulates the circulation of the resulting gases within the system and the gases It helps in the safe evacuation of gases resulting from combustion. The combustion gases are directed to the atmosphere through the chimney (7). The chimney system directs the combustion gases ensuring safe discharge to the external environment and a continuous gas flow in the system. It contributes to its formation. 20

Claims

8 REQUESTS 1. In industrial facilities, both solid fuel and natural gas fueled systems usable, providing highly efficient steam generation,  Controlled and efficient movement of solid fuel Rotary grate combustion system that enables burning (1), 5  The infrastructure of the boiler, which includes water pipes, and water tube section where high heat transfer is provided (2),  Heat obtained from combustion gases through smoke pipes (15) transfer of water through surfaces and efficient steam production flame-smoke tube section (3), 10  Recovery of waste heat from hot flue gases exiting the boiler economizer (5), which provides  By drawing the flue gases produced as a result of combustion through the system chimney fan (6) which directs the air to the chimney.  Waste gases resulting from combustion can be safely released into the atmosphere. 15 chimney (7) that allows it to be thrown out It is a hybrid type steam boiler containing;  Ensuring controlled combustion of the fuel, surrounded by water pipes (13) limited by, the heat generated passes directly through the water pipes It enables the transfer of water to the boiler water (16) and with its water tube structure 20 High-efficiency steam generation by creating a large transfer surface. providing a lower water-tube combustion chamber (9),  Combustion: The flame formed in the lower combustion zone passes through the upper flame-smoke tube. preventing direct contact with section (3), both heat transfer surface forming a protective layer between the flame and the upper body sheet metal (14) 25 water pipe crossing that reduces the risk of local overheating by creating a structure surface (10) and  The hot gases produced as a result of combustion are released in a controlled manner into the upper section. to the flame-smoke tube section (3) that is, the smoke tubes (15) Gas passage channel (11) 30 that enables its redirection It includes.

2. A hybrid type steam boiler conforming to Claim 1, whose characteristic is that the steam... enabling the storage of the produced steam by collecting it in a specific volume. 9 drum (4) which ensures that dry and high-quality steam is obtained. It includes.

3. A hybrid type steam boiler conforming to Claim 1, characterized by its ability to contain flue gas. a purification system that traps dust and particles by bringing them into contact with water. 5 It includes a wet filter (8) which is equipment.

4. It is a hybrid type steam boiler conforming to Claim 2, and its feature is that it is inside the drum (4). The steam, which is dried by separation, is fed into the plant's steam distribution manifold and from there... Steam outlet line (17) 10 that enables the transfer of steam to the steam-consuming process equipment. It includes.

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