Tower Icing and Collapse Risk Detection Method

Abstract

The invention relates to a risk assessment method used for remote monitoring of all vertical steel towers susceptible to toppling and icing risks, such as GSM operator tower infrastructures, high-voltage pylons in power transmission lines, radio and television transmitter towers, wind turbine bodies, and meteorological stations. This method enables remote monitoring of the structural health of these towers, tracking of metal fatigue, and proactive prevention of toppling / damage risks caused by adverse weather conditions.

Description

1 TARIFF Tower Icing and Collapse Risk Detection Method Technical Area The invention relates to telecommunications infrastructures in high-altitude or challenging geographical conditions. Remote monitoring of the structural health of macrocell base station towers located in the area, 5 monitoring of metal fatigue and tipping / damage caused by adverse weather conditions. It relates to the method used in the proactive prevention of risks. The invention addresses the excessive ice buildup on the tower body and antennas, especially during winter months. Static and dynamic effects created by high wind loads on lattice mast mechanics Instantaneous analysis of voltages via the natural oscillation frequencies of the poles 10 It is a network security and structural monitoring technology designed for situations where it is required. In addition, the invention is related to GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications). (for Global System) operators' tower infrastructures as well as energy transmission high-voltage power lines, radio and television transmission towers, wind turbines All vertical steel structures exposed to wind and icing risks, such as weather stations and other similar structures, are 15 It can also be used for remote monitoring of structures. Towers in network operation centers. This is designed to work integrated with management systems and asset tracking software. technology, before permanent structural deformation or collapse occurs in the towers all wide area disaster management and early warning requiring intervention It includes applications. 20 State of the Art Key issues encountered in current network operations and tower management processes. The shortcomings and deficiencies in the field are as follows: - Reactive Approach: Mechanical health of the towers monitored remotely live for 25 days. It cannot be monitored. Excessive icing or wind load on the mast can only be detected. When the tower physically tilts, the angle of the antennas on it is disrupted, affecting the network. It is noticed when the power cuts or when the tower completely collapses. This This situation leads to intervention only after the disaster has occurred. 2 - Physical Observation Requirements and Logistical Obstacles: High altitude during winter months Situation assessment in the fields in the regions, personnel navigating snow-covered roads It relies on visually inspecting the tower. Storm or heavy snowfall The risk to the towers was due to the fact that access to these sites was closed for days during that period. This is unknown and the safety of the personnel is being jeopardized. 5 - Insufficient Visual Surveillance: Even when the site is reached, inadequate surveillance is not provided. The checks consist solely of visual inspection. The wind on the tower body... The micro-oscillations it creates and the metal fatigue that develops over time are not visible to the naked eye. Because it could not be repaired, even if the poles appeared sturdy, they could be damaged in a sudden storm. It can break unexpectedly. 10 - High-Cost and Complex Sensor Systems: For structural health monitoring. Existing industrial solutions used (strain gauges or) Fiber optic-based sensors are quite expensive. Furthermore, these systems... Mounting to the tower body requires complex calibrations, and each tower Implementing it for this purpose is not economically efficient. 15 - Limitations of Perimeter Cameras: Security cameras are installed to monitor certain areas. cameras lose complete visibility during winter months due to extreme snowdrifts and fog. The camera is either losing focus or the camera itself is covered in ice. This situation... By interrupting the flow of images to the center, it creates a misleading information environment. In conclusion, due to the negative aspects described above and the current solutions regarding topic 20 Due to its shortcomings, an improvement is needed in the relevant technical field. It has been made. Purpose of the Invention The invention was created by drawing inspiration from existing situations and overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks. It aims to solve. 25 The invention detects malfunctions in tower mechanics and environmental loads early on. by taking proactive measures before irreparable disruptions occur in the network backbone. The system initiates a protection process. The system monitors the instantaneous condition of the tower body under wind conditions. because it continuously monitors the movements and structural oscillation frequencies; the accumulation on the tower The situation becomes 30 when the ice load changes the pole's center of gravity and creates a dangerous tilt. It is noticeable from the center. In this way, tower collapses, which occur especially during the winter months, and While millions of liras worth of equipment damage that would accompany it were completely prevented, the disaster and 3 the lack of communication between the local population and emergency teams during harsh winter conditions This can be prevented. One of the greatest advantages over existing technology is that the method described in the invention is logistical and It significantly reduces operational costs. In the traditional method, a storm or Following heavy snowfall, teams are touring high-altitude areas one by one to determine physical tower 5. While it is necessary to perform the control, thanks to the method described in the invention, only the system can do so. Precision intervention was carried out on towers that issued "critical risk" and "oscillation deviation" warnings. The teams are prepared because they can see the condition of the structure on the site from a distance. They can perform planned maintenance without jeopardizing their safety. Furthermore, the system is fundamentally based on... Instead of expensive industrial sensor sets, low-cost and 10 integrated into the tower body. The inclusion of high-precision accelerometer equipment across the entire network of the project economical and rapid scalability to thousands of towers It makes it possible. Finally, the method discussed in the invention involves hidden metal structures in the towers that are impossible to see with the naked eye. their fatigue and structural problems at the connection points (such as bolt loosening, weld cracks) 15 These relaxations can be detected from changes in the structure's "frequency signature". The most severe cases where cameras are disabled due to the type of equipment or visual inspection is inadequate. Even in adverse weather conditions, the system directly measures the mechanical response of the structure itself. It is not affected by environmental factors. This reduces false alarms to zero, thus protecting the grid. It ensures that only actual structural hazards are reported to the control center and that the towers 20 It protects infrastructure investments by extending their lifespan. One aim of the invention is to enable the high-precision accelerometer and tilt detection sensor to be used in towers. micromechanical oscillations in its fuselage, acceleration under wind conditions, and instantaneous angular changes It can physically measure the changes and transmit them to the field signal acquisition box. One aim of the invention is to create an ultra-low power field signal acquisition and processing box, 25 by filtering and removing noise from high-frequency raw data coming from the sensor It is able to transmit the data to the wireless transmission module. One aim of the invention is to place the wireless data transmission and communication module in the front of the field box. The processed spectral data is transmitted to a central location via a cellular network or alternative wireless lines. It can send spectral analysis and structural health decision engine data without delay. 30 4 One aim of the invention is to enable a central spectral analysis and structural health decision engine to process incoming real-time data. by directly comparing the frequency data with the tower's past "natural frequency signature" trends Autonomous decision on whether there is ice buildup or metal fatigue. It is giving. One aim of the invention is to create a tower infrastructure inventory and geographic information system link layer, 5 verified mechanical risk alarm in the GSM operator's existing tower database It is an automatic matching process based on location, tower type, altitude, and wind zone information. One aim of the invention is to provide maintenance teams with an early warning and decision support screen for structural risks. This structural hazard, which was interpreted as "Collapse / Bend," was displayed on the screens of the relevant regional technicians. It reduces the risk live through a "risk" warning and a location-based priority response plan. 10 To fulfill the purposes described above, the towers belonging to the GSM operators... as well as infrastructure, high-voltage poles on energy transmission lines, radio and television structures prone to toppling, such as transmission towers, wind turbine bodies, and meteorological stations. Used for remote monitoring of all vertical steel towers susceptible to icing risk, as mentioned above. Remote monitoring of the structural health of the towers, tracking of metal fatigue and adverse 15 proactively preventing rollover / damage risks caused by weather conditions A risk assessment method has been developed that provides the following: - placed on top of a tower located at a high altitude or exposed to strong winds by a high-precision accelerometer and tilt detection sensor, in the tower the continuous 20 instantaneous micromechanical movements and angular deviations that occur measured as, - this is obtained from a high-precision accelerometer and tilt detection sensor. dynamic raw data, ultra-low power located directly at the base of the tower Transfer of the signal to the power supply field signal collection and processing box, - rugged exterior of ultra-low power field signal acquisition and processing box 25 By efficiently managing energy with its battery-powered structure in ambient conditions, it provides high performance. high frequency from the sensitive accelerometer and tilt detection sensor It filters signals, removes noise, and won't strain the network. converting it into an optimized data packet, - these frequency data packets generated are ultra-low power field signals 30 wireless data transmission and communication by collection and processing box sending to the module, - the wireless data transmission and communication module receives this pre-processed spectral data. using existing cellular infrastructure or alternative wireless lines to transmit data Direct central spectral analysis via the GSM operator backbone and to provide access to the structural health decision engine, - Central Spectral Analysis and Structural Health 5, a software-based analytical platform. the decision engine uses the incoming data to analyze the tower's past "natural frequency signature" Comparison with trends, - central spectral analysis and structural health decision engine, if the structure If there is an increase or decrease in oscillation frequency, this is an ice load. If there is an accumulation and irregular deviations in the oscillation amplitude, then metal 10 it involves structural risks such as fatigue or fastener loosening making decisions autonomously, - As soon as a threat is confirmed, this critical situation is recorded in the tower infrastructure inventory and transmission to the geographic information system link layer, - the tower infrastructure inventory and geographic information system connection layer, produced in 15 mechanical anomaly alarm based on GSM operator's current tower inventory data with physical parameters such as the exact coordinates at its base, tower type and height automatic matching, - In the final stage, this risky situation, which is being made sense, is a structural risk for maintenance teams. Through the early warning and decision support screen, relevant regional technicians have access to 20 reflected as a live work order on the terminal or computer, - Maintenance teams on the structural risk early warning and decision support screen The relevant warning should be conveyed to the technicians with full location information and sent to the field. what kind of safety / climbing equipment they should bring before going 25 Information reflection on the subject It includes the steps involved in the process. The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention are given in the figures below. This becomes clearer thanks to the detailed explanation written with references to these figures. This will be understood, and therefore the evaluation should also take these forms and detailed explanations into consideration. It needs to be done by taking precautions. 30 Figures that will help understand the invention. Figure 1 shows the elements that enable the realization of the method described in the invention. It is a representative drawing that shows the communication between them. 6 Explanation of Part References 1. High-precision accelerometer and tilt detection sensor. 2. Ultra-low power consumption field signal acquisition and processing box 3. Wireless data transmission and communication module 4. Central spectral analysis and structural health decision engine 5 5. Tower infrastructure inventory and geographic information system link layer 6. Maintenance teams structural risk early warning and decision support screen. Detailed Description of the Invention In this detailed explanation, the preferred configurations of the method in question are described only. This is explained to help better understand the subject. 10 The elements that enable the realization of the method described in the invention are: - high precision accelerometer and tilt detection sensor (1), - ultra low power consumption field signal acquisition and processing box (2), - Wireless data transmission and communication module (3), - central spectral analysis and structural health decision engine (4), 15 - tower infrastructure inventory and geographic information system link layer (5) and - maintenance teams structural risk early warning and decision support screen (6). High-precision accelerometer and tilt detection sensor (1) detect wind on the tower body It is a unit that physically measures the instantaneous mechanical oscillations and angular changes beneath it. Ultra-low power field signal acquisition and processing box (2), high-precision 20 Collecting raw oscillation data from the accelerometer and tilt sensing sensor (1), It is a device that filters noise and operates at the base of the tower thanks to its battery-powered structure. 7 Wireless data transmission and communication module (3), ultra-low power consumption field signal In the collection and processing box (2) preprocessed frequency data cellular network or alternative It is the unit that carries signals over wireless lines to the GSM operator's backbone. Central spectral analysis and structural health decision engine (4), wireless data transmission and By processing the incoming oscillation data via the communication module (3), the tower's "natural 5 It is software that extracts the "frequency signature" and verifies the risk of ice load and metal fatigue. Tower infrastructure inventory and geographic information system link layer (5), verified structural risk depends on the location, height, and type of towers in the GSM operator's current tower inventory. This module matches (cage / monopoly) information. Maintenance teams structural risk early warning and decision support screen (6), 10 that reach critical condition The tower was displayed on the screens of the relevant regional teams with the messages "Risk of Collapse / Tilting" and "Planned Intervention". It is the end-user interface that crashes with its suggestion. The method described in the invention is carried out as follows: - Primarily, vertical steel structures located at high altitudes or exposed to strong winds, For example, base station towers, with high-precision 15mm sensors placed on top of them. accelerometer and tilt sensing sensor (1) instantaneous micro-occurrence in the structure It continuously measures mechanical movements and angular deviations. - This is obtained from the high-precision accelerometer and tilt sensing sensor (1) dynamic raw data, ultra-low power located directly at the base of the tower The signal is transferred to the field signal collection and processing box (2). 20 - Ultra low power consumption field signal acquisition and processing box (2) rugged exterior By efficiently managing energy with its battery-powered structure in ambient conditions, it provides high performance. high from the sensitive accelerometer and tilt sensing sensor (1) It filters frequency signals, removes noise, and won't strain the network. It converts it into an optimized data packet. 25 - These generated frequency data packets are ultra-low power field signals. wireless data transmission and communication by collection and processing box (2) It is sent to module (3). - The wireless data transmission and communication module (3) receives this pre-processed spectral data using existing cellular infrastructure or alternative wireless lines 30 Direct central spectral analysis via the GSM operator backbone and It leads to the structural health decision engine (4). 8 - Centralized spectral analysis and structural health, a software-based analytical platform. decision engine (4), incoming data from the tower’s past “natural frequency signature” Compares it with trends. - Central spectral analysis and structural health decision engine (4), if the tower If there is an increase or decrease in oscillation frequency, this indicates an ice load of 5. If there is an accumulation of metal and irregular deviations in the oscillation amplitude... autonomous systems involve structural risks such as fatigue or bolt loosening. as decided. - The moment a threat is confirmed by the system, this critical situation affects the tower infrastructure. The inventory and geographic information system are transmitted to the link layer (5). 10 - Tower infrastructure inventory and geographic information system link layer (5), produced mechanical anomaly alarm based on GSM operator's current tower inventory data physical characteristics such as the exact coordinates at the base, tower type (lattice / monopole), and height. It automatically matches the parameters. - This risky situation, which was assessed in the final stage, is structural risk 15 for maintenance teams. early warning and decision support screen (6) is available to the relevant regional technicians. It appears as a live work order on your terminal or computer. - Maintenance teams on the structural risk early warning and decision support screen (6) Technicians were warned of "Severe Icing and Tilting Risk in the Tower" with the exact location. It is shown what kind of safety / climbing equipment is needed before going to the site. 20 Logistical support is provided to ensure they receive what they need. Thus, the tower may not collapse accidentally, or if it is a steel structure base station tower, proactively before the antennas on it become misaligned and cause mass network outages. This completes an end-to-end autonomous monitoring loop that makes intervention possible. The invention applies to 25% of the tower infrastructure belonging to GSM operators, as well as energy transmission lines. high voltage masts, radio and television transmission towers, wind turbine bodies and all vertical steel structures exposed to wind and icing risks, such as meteorological stations It can also be used for remote monitoring.

Claims

9 REQUESTS 1. High-voltage infrastructure in GSM operator towers as well as energy transmission lines. power lines, radio and television transmission towers, wind turbine bodies, and All vertical steel structures susceptible to toppling and icing, such as meteorological stations Used for remote monitoring of the towers, the structural health of the mentioned towers can be remotely assessed. 5 monitoring, tracking metal fatigue and damage caused by adverse weather conditions. A risk assessment method that enables proactive prevention of rollover / damage risks. Its characteristic is: - placed on top of a tower located at a high altitude or exposed to strong winds by high precision accelerometer and tilt detection sensor (1), 10 instantaneous micromechanical movements and angular deviations occurring in the tower continuous measurement, - taken from the high-precision accelerometer and tilt detection sensor (1) dynamic raw data, ultra-low power located directly at the base of the tower Transfer to the field signal collection and processing box (2), 15 - the challenging ultra-low power consumption field signal acquisition and processing box (2) With its battery-powered design, it efficiently manages energy in outdoor conditions, providing high performance. high from the sensitive accelerometer and tilt sensing sensor (1) filtering frequency signals, removing noise, and cleaning the network converting it into an optimized data packet that won't strain your system, 20 - these frequency data packets generated are ultra-low power field signals. wireless data transmission and communication by collection and processing box (2) sending to module (3), - the wireless data transmission and communication module (3) receives this pre-processed spectral data can be obtained using the existing cellular infrastructure or alternative wireless lines. 25 using a direct central spectral signal over the GSM operator's backbone. to reach the analysis and structural health decision engine (4), - Central Spectral Analysis and Structural Health, a software-based analytical platform. The decision engine (4) uses the incoming data to the tower’s past “natural frequency signature” comparison with trends, 30 - central spectral analysis and structural health decision engine (4), if the structure If there is an increase or decrease in oscillation frequency, this is an ice load. If there is an accumulation of metal and irregular deviations in the oscillation amplitude... it involves structural risks such as fatigue or fastener loosening making decisions autonomously, - As soon as a threat is confirmed, this critical situation is recorded in the tower infrastructure inventory and Transmission to the geographic information system link layer (5), - tower infrastructure inventory and geographic information system link layer (5), produced 5 mechanical anomaly alarm based on GSM operator's current tower inventory data with physical parameters such as the exact coordinates at its base, tower type and height automatic matching, - In the final stage, this risky situation, which is being made sense, is a structural risk for maintenance teams. early warning and decision support screen (6) through which relevant regional technicians can use 10 reflected as a live work order on the terminal or computer, - maintenance teams on structural risk early warning and decision support screen (6) The relevant warning should be conveyed to the technicians with full location information and sent to the field. what kind of safety / climbing equipment they should bring before going 15 Information reflection on the subject It includes the steps of the process.

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