SECURITY-LOCKED, REMOTELY MONITORABLE, AND SEISMIC ISOLATOR-EQUIPPED UNDERGROUND TRANSFORMER SYSTEM.

Abstract

The invention is an underground transformer system comprising an outer chamber (17) positioned in the ground, an inner chamber (16) supported on seismic isolators (13) placed between the base of the outer chamber (17) and the base of an inner chamber (16), and a transformer unit (9) fixed on a lifting plate (12) inside the inner chamber (16). The system includes a geared lifting motor (11) that moves the lifting plate (12) vertically, a vertical lifting mechanism containing rack and pinion gear (14) and pinion gear (15), a motorized chamber cover mechanism (10) covering the top opening of the inner chamber (16), a sensor group containing a gas / smoke sensor (3), ambient temperature and humidity sensor (4), winding temperature sensor (6), oil temperature sensor (7) and oil level sensor (8), and a central control unit (1).The central control unit (1) informs the personnel by transmitting a wireless notification when the critical threshold is exceeded in the sensor data; during the maintenance phase, the motorized hopper cover mechanism (10) is opened, allowing the transformer unit (9) to be raised to ground level by means of the lifting mechanism.

Description

1 TARIFF SECURITY LOCKED, REMOTE MONITORABLE, AND SEISMIC ISOLATED. UNDERGROUND TRANSFORMER SYSTEM Technical Area: The invention relates to a transformer unit used in the distribution of electrical energy, with an open 5 protection from extreme ambient temperatures and solar radiation in the area and fire risks within an inner and outer chamber structure located underground for the purpose of prevention. operation, monitoring via multiple sensors, controlled for maintenance purposes being brought to the surface and low oil levels due to earthquake, extreme temperature, gas / smoke. The invention relates to the field of automatic warning systems for risks. Specifically, it concerns electricity distribution. 10 Developed for networks, it features a seismic sensor placed between the outer and inner chambers. insulators, lifting plate carrying the transformer unit, motorized cover and vertical Lifting mechanism, safety lock based on sensor data, and remote alarm / monitoring. underground transformer system where functions work together under a single control architecture It is directed towards. 15 State of the Art: Transformers used in the distribution of electricity to neighborhoods and residential areas, usually in pavilion-type structures or on stilts, above ground and often open. They are positioned in the environment. Therefore, transformers are exposed to solar radiation and high temperatures. It is exposed to external factors such as ambient temperature, especially at high electrical loads. 20 There is a risk of overheating. In current applications, natural air circulation is used for cooling transformers. It is used in a limited number of applications, with additional methods such as fans and air conditioners. These methods can be utilized. However, these methods are only effective under high temperature and load conditions. It may be insufficient, and in some cases, temporary cooling (ice pack) applications may be required. It can be used. However, overheating can increase the risk of malfunctions and fire. In addition Temperature, oil temperature, gas and smoke, humidity and oil level in existing transformers. continuous monitoring of critical values ​​such as these and remote tracking of this data. There is no shortage. Maintenance and inspections are mostly carried out in the field, therefore, possible This can lead to malfunctions being detected late. 30 2 Therefore, the transformer must be protected from the adverse temperature effects of the external environment. underground, monitoring critical operational values ​​with multiple sensors, remotely an integrated system that provides monitoring and offers easy access to the transformer during maintenance. The system is needed. Technical problems that the invention aims to solve: 5 • Solar radiation exposure of distribution transformers in open areas and Overheating, oil degradation, and fire caused by high ambient temperatures. The risks are prevented by placing the transformer underground. • Transformer internal and winding temperature, insulation oil temperature, oil level by monitoring gas / smoke values ​​in real time via a multiple sensor group 10 It can be monitored remotely. • Wireless early warning to the mobile application when defined critical threshold values ​​are exceeded. by transmitting the signal, maintenance personnel are immediately informed of the malfunction. ensuring. • In case of malfunction or periodic maintenance, personnel are not allowed to climb high poles. 15 without obligation; motorized covers and vertical lifting mechanism By means of a device, the transformer unit is lifted to ground level and repaired on site. being able to be retrieved and then lowered back underground after the process. • Seismic transmission of ground vibrations to the transformer housing during an earthquake The risk of overturning and damage is eliminated by damping through the use of isolators. 20 to be done. Explaining the Figures: Figure 1: In the underground transformer system that is the subject of the invention; central control unit, circuit connection. element, sensor group, transformer unit, motorized cover assembly, vertical movement Mechanism and general perspective and front view of seismic isolators. 25 Figure 2: Lifting plate carrying the transformer unit, geared lifting motor. Detailed views of the vertical drive system consisting of rack and pinion gears from different angles. their appearances. Figure 3: Lifting plate carrying the transformer unit, along with the inner and outer chambers. Cross-sectional view showing the installation of seismic isolators positioned between the 30 sections. 3 Figure 4: Winding temperature, oil temperature, oil level, ambient temperature-humidity, and gas / smoke. Detailed information showing the positioning of the sensors on the transformer unit. appearance. Explanation of References: 1. Central control unit 5 2. Circuit connection and interface unit 3. Gas / smoke sensor 4. Ambient temperature and humidity sensor 5. Transformer oil tank 6. Coil temperature sensor 10 7. Oil temperature sensor 8. Oil level sensor 9. Transformer Unit 10. Motorized container lid mechanism 11. Geared lifting motor 15 12. Lifting plate 13. Seismic Isolator 14. Rack and pinion gear 15. Pinion gear 16. Inner chamber 20 17. Outer chamber Description of the Invention: The invention consists of an external reservoir (17) placed on the ground, and the base of the said external reservoir (17) an inner chamber (16) carried on the placed seismic isolators (13), inner chamber (16) Transformer unit (9) positioned on a lifting plate (12) inside, 25 geared transformer unit (9) that raises and lowers to ground level for maintenance purposes a vertical lifting motor (11), rack gear (14) and pinion gear (15) movement mechanism, motorized chamber lid mechanism (10) that closes the top opening of the inner chamber (16), Sensor group (3, 4, 6, 7, which monitors the operating conditions on transformer unit (9), 8) and consists of a central control unit (1) that processes sensor data. Central 30 The control unit (1) receives temperature, oil and gas / smoke from the sensor group (3, 4, 6, 7, 8). It evaluates the data in real time. If the defined threshold values ​​are exceeded, 4 alert signal to user interface / mobile application via wireless communication by transmitting the information to the maintenance personnel to be aware of the malfunction and the transformer unit (9) It allows the device to be brought to the surface for repair via a vertical movement mechanism. System structure: The outer casing (17) is placed underground / below the ground and opens the transformer unit (9) 5 from the extreme summer heat in the environment, direct solar radiation, and possible fire. It is a fixed main protective housing that isolates from the risks. The inner chamber (16) is the aforementioned external is placed inside the reservoir (17); the inner base surface of the outer reservoir (17) and the inner seismic isolators (13) positioned between the bottom base surface of the reservoir (16) It is transported. Thanks to this dual-chamber design, seismic vibrations in the earth's crust and 10 Earthquake waves are damped by seismic isolators (13) and transferred to the inner chamber (16) and Direct transfer to the transformer unit (9) is prevented. Transformer unit (9), a carrier lifting that can move vertically inside the inner chamber (16). It is fixed on the lifting plate (12). The geared system moves the lifting plate (12). The lifting motor (11), rack gear (14) and pinion gear (15) are mechanically connected directly to the 15 It is integrated into the inner chamber (16). Thanks to this architecture, seismic isolation seismic isolator (13) group and vertical lifting mechanism for maintenance purposes They operate independently of each other, with seismic load lifting mechanisms and It is extinguished without damaging the transformer unit (9). Access to motor maintenance: 20 Lifting plate (12) carrying the transformer unit (9); on the floor of the inner chamber (16) At least one rack gear (14) positioned in the vertical direction, this rack gear (14) a pinion gear (15) moving on it and turning on the said pinion gear (15) inside the inner chamber (16) by means of the geared lifting motor (11) that transmits its movement It is moved up and down. The transformer unit (9) is 25 meters above ground level. Before being raised, the motorized chamber lid that closes the top opening of the inner chamber (16) The system (10) is opened by means of the cover drive motors within it, and the transformer It leaves the passageway of the unit (9) free. Maintenance and repair work can be carried out safely above ground. After completion, the geared lifting motor (11) is started in the reverse direction. The lifting plate (12) and transformer unit (9) are lowered back into the inner chamber (16) 30 and system insulation is ensured by closing the motorized tank cover mechanism (10). Sensor and data collection: The system includes a sensor that detects the accumulation of combustible gas or smoke in the atmosphere of the inner chamber (16). Gas / smoke sensor (3), an ambient temperature and relative humidity sensor that measures the indoor temperature and relative humidity. Temperature and humidity sensor (4), transformer unit (9) monitor core / winding heating 5 with a winding temperature sensor (6) immersed in the transformer oil tank (5) There are oil temperature sensors (7) and oil level sensors (8). The sensor group (3, 4, 6, 7, 8) is connected to the central unit via the circuit connection and interface unit (2). It is electrically connected to the control unit (1) and the measured data is continuously and equally It transmits the data to the central control unit (1) in a timely manner. The central control unit (1), This data is instantly stored in its memory with defined critical threshold values. by comparing the operating status of the transformer unit (9) in real time is watching. Removal Monitoring and Early Warning Logic: Central control unit (1); gas / smoke sensor (3), ambient temperature and humidity sensor (4), winding temperature sensor (6), oil temperature sensor (7) and oil level sensor (8) 15 It simultaneously monitors the incoming data. If any of the measured parameters (high) (such as temperature, gas / smoke accumulation, or a drop in oil level) defined critical operation When it exceeds its thresholds, the central control unit (1) transmits via wireless communication channel It sends an instant early warning notification to the authorized personnel's mobile application. The early warning... Field maintenance personnel intervened on-site to address the situation using a motorized hopper cover. 20 by commissioning the transformer, the system (10) and the geared lifting motor (11) He raises the unit (9) to ground level and performs the repair operation. Seismic Protection Dynamics reaching from the ground to the outer chamber (17) during earthquakes and ground motions Shocks and horizontal / vertical vibrations cause the base of the outer chamber (17) and the base of the inner chamber (16) to 25 It is mechanically damped by means of seismic isolators (13) placed between them. Thus, the inner chamber (16), the carrier lifting plate (12) and directly on this plate The transported transformer unit (9) is protected from seismic shocks, overturning, and shell cracking. and the risk of oil leaks is eliminated. Industrial applicability: 30 The invention has applications in electricity distribution networks, organized industrial zones, hospitals, and data centers. central areas and university campuses, densely populated urban areas, high seismic activity. 6 in high-risk earthquake zones and in the modernization of existing transformer substations It is suitable for industrial application. The system in question consists of an outer chamber (17), an inner chamber (16), and a carrier. lifting plate (12), rack and pinion gear mechanism (14, 15), standard electrical 5 in terms of motors (10, 11), seismic isolators (13) and sensor group (3, 4, 6, 7, 8) suitable for mass production with existing manufacturing and assembly methods and fully It has an industrially applicable structure. 15 25

Claims

7 REQUIREMENTS 5 1. It is an underground transformer system; an outer casing (17) located inside the ground, placed between the base of the outer chamber (17) and the base of an inner chamber (16) inner chamber (16) carried on a small seismic isolator (13), inside the inner chamber (16) transformer unit (9) fixed on a lifting plate (12) located on it, A geared lift that moves the lifting plate (12) in the vertical direction 10 a vertical lift including motor (11), rack gear (14) and pinion gear (15) The arrangement is a motorized chamber lid arrangement (10) covering the top opening of the inner chamber (16), Gas / smoke sensor (3) monitoring the operating status of transformer unit (9), ambient temperature and humidity sensor (4), winding temperature sensor (6), oil temperature sensor (7) and a sensor group including the oil level sensor (8) and this sensor 15 It is characterized by having a central control unit (1) that collects its data. Its feature is that the central control unit (1) reads from the sensor group (3, 4, 6, 7, 8). If predefined critical threshold values ​​are exceeded in the data, wireless transmitting instant early warning notifications to the user interface via communication and Motorized tank cover 20 for maintenance / repair purposes in accordance with the warning notification. opening of the arrangement (10) and the transformer unit (9) geared lifting motor (11), by means of rack and pinion gear (14) and pinion gear (15) to the ground level raising it and lowering it back into the inner chamber (16) after the process It is a verification.

2. According to claim 1, the system is; the seismic isolators (13) in question are directly 25 not under the transformer unit (9); but between the inner base surface of the outer casing (17) and the inside by positioning the inner chamber (16) between the bottom base surface of the chamber (16) external as a whole with the lifting mechanism and transformer unit (9) on it underground transformer characterized by dynamic isolation from the reservoir (17) system. 30 3. According to Claim 1, it is an underground transformer system; in the aforementioned vertical lifting arrangement, The rack gear (14) rises vertically from the base of the inner chamber (16) fixation, geared by mounting on the lower surface of the lifting plate (12) The lifting motor (11) drives the pinion gear (15) and this rack gear (14) by walking on the lifting plate (12) and the transformer unit on it 35 (9) underground transformer characterized by its carrying by guiding on the vertical axis system. 8 4. According to Claim 1, it is an underground transformer system; and the 5 sensors in question are located in the aforementioned sensor group. oil temperature sensor (7) and oil level sensor (8) transformer oil tank (5) positioning by immersion in it; winding temperature sensor (6) transformer unit (9) contact with the body / winding surface; gas / smoke The ambient temperature and humidity sensor (3) and the ambient temperature and humidity sensor (4) are inside the chamber (16) air An underground transformer system characterized by its placement in a circulation space. 10 5. According to Claim 1, it is an underground transformer system; the motorized housing cover in question its arrangement (10) covers the top opening of the inner chamber (16) by opening and closing to the sides with protective cover panels and a direct drive to each of these cover panels underground transformers characterized by being composed of cover-driven motors. system. 15 6. According to claim 1, it is an underground transformer system; the central control unit (1), maintenance When the upgrade process is started for this purpose, the motorized tank cover assembly (10) is complete. Before reaching the open position, the geared lifting motor (11) is moving upwards. not allowing it to work; after maintenance the lifting plate (12) inner chamber (16) Motorized tank lid 20 before it is fully down to the closed position at the base Underground transformer system characterized by preventing the shutdown of the system (10).

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