Indexing head structure

Abstract

This invention discloses an indexing head structure, comprising: a base, multiple transmission units, a rotating ring, a panel, and a drive unit. The base has a first chamber and a second chamber connected through a receiving hole. The transmission units include a driven gear, a harmonic reducer, and a connecting gear to achieve angle adjustment for precise drive with zero backlash. The rotating ring meshes with the connecting gear, and the panel rotates with the rotating ring. The drive unit includes a motor and a drive gear, which is driven through the driven gear. This structure improves rigidity, reduces manufacturing costs, enhances machining accuracy, extends service life, and reduces maintenance frequency and operating costs.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, and more particularly to an indexing head structure. [Previous Technology]

[0002] A dividing head is a precision machining tool widely used in various CNC machine tools and traditional machine tools. Its main function is to precisely position the workpiece at a specific angle to meet the needs of multi-angle machining. There are many types of dividing heads, and a suitable dividing head can be selected according to different needs. Common types include manual dividing heads and CNC dividing heads. Manual dividing heads are usually adjusted manually by the operator and are suitable for small batch or single-piece machining, while CNC dividing heads can be connected to CNC systems to achieve automated machining and are suitable for mass production. CNC dividing heads have higher precision and stability and can meet more stringent machining requirements.

[0003] Conventional CNC dividing heads are typically driven by a motor through a screw and worm gear. This driving method converts the rotational motion of the motor into the precise rotation of the dividing head. When the motor drives the worm to rotate, the helical shape of the worm causes the worm gear to rotate accordingly, thereby realizing the rotation of the dividing head. However, this conventional CNC dividing head suffers from insufficient structural rigidity and high manufacturing costs. The large backlash between the worm and worm gear easily leads to vibration and instability during processing, thus affecting processing accuracy. In addition, the high friction between the worm and worm gear results in low overall efficiency and is prone to wear, affecting service life and accuracy, thus requiring regular maintenance or replacement, increasing operating costs and maintenance workload. [Summary of the Invention]

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of conventional CNC indexing heads, the inventor conceived the idea of ​​creation and, after extensive research, trial production, and multiple revisions and improvements, launched this invention.

[0005] This invention provides an indexing head structure, comprising: a base, one end having a first chamber and the other end having a second chamber, the first chamber and the second chamber being connected by a plurality of receiving holes; a plurality of transmission units, each transmission unit comprising a driven gear, a harmonic reducer and a connecting gear, the driven gear being installed in the first chamber of the base and being angle-adjustable, the harmonic reducer being installed in the receiving hole of the base, the connecting gear being installed in the second chamber of the base, the driven gear being driven to rotate through the harmonic reducer; and a rotating ring, which is annular in shape and installed on the base. The second chamber of the base has internal teeth on its inner edge, which mesh with the connecting gears of the plurality of transmission units, thereby causing the connecting gears to rotate with the rotating ring; a panel is installed on one end of the base where the second chamber is located and is locked to the rotating ring, and can rotate together with the rotating ring; and a drive unit includes a motor and a drive gear. The motor is installed on one end of the base where the first chamber is located and has a rotating shaft. The drive gear is installed on the rotating shaft and can be driven to rotate by the rotating shaft. The drive gear meshes with the driven gears of the plurality of transmission units. By adjusting the angle of the driven gear, precise drive with zero backlash can be achieved.

[0006] The main purpose of the indexing head structure of the present invention is to improve the overall rigidity and reduce the manufacturing cost. By adjusting the angle of the driven gear, it can achieve precise drive with zero backlash, significantly improve the processing accuracy and extend the service life. In addition, the reduced friction makes wear less likely to occur, thereby reducing the maintenance frequency and further reducing operating costs.

[0007] A secondary objective of the indexing head structure of the present invention is that an optical scale can be mounted on the indexing head structure to improve inspection accuracy.

Implementation Method

[0008] The following description, in conjunction with the drawings of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is intended to enable those skilled in the art to implement the invention based on the statements in this specification.

[0009] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 for details. The indexing head structure of the present invention includes: a base 10, multiple transmission units 20, a cover 30, a rotating ring 40, a locking ring 50, a panel 60, a drive unit 70, and a hydraulic brake mechanism 80.

[0010] The base 10 has a first chamber 11 at one end and a second chamber 12 at the other end. A plurality of receiving holes 13 are provided between the first chamber 11 and the second chamber 12 to communicate with each other.

[0011] The plurality of transmission units 20 respectively include a driven gear 21, a harmonic reducer 22, and a connecting gear 23. The driven gear 21 is installed in the first chamber 11 of the base 10 and can be angled. The harmonic reducer 22 is installed in the receiving hole 13 of the base 10. The connecting gear 23 is installed in the second chamber 12 of the base 10. The driven gear 21 drives the connecting gear 23 to rotate through the harmonic reducer 22. In this embodiment, the number of the plurality of transmission units 20 is two. The driven gear 21 is installed on a first shaft 25 through a locking member 24. The center of the driven gear 21 is provided with a conical hole 211 and a fitting groove 212 is provided at one end. The bottom surface of the fitting groove 212 is provided with a plurality of screw holes 213. One end of the locking member 24 is provided with a conical part 241 and the other end is provided with a screw hole 213. A set of fittings 242 is provided, with a shaft hole 243 at the center. The fitting 242 has a plurality of fixing holes 2421. The tapered portion 241 of the locking member 24 passes through the tapered hole 211 of the driven gear 21. The first shaft member 25 passes through the shaft hole 243 of the locking member 24. A plurality of locking elements 26 pass through the plurality of fixing holes 2421 of the locking member 24 and are locked to the plurality of screw holes 213 of the driven gear 21. The tapered portion 241 is pressed inward and fixed to the first shaft 25 through the tapered hole 211, so that the gear 21 is connected to the first shaft 25. The first shaft 25 is fitted with a first bearing 251, the harmonic reducer 22 is fitted with a second bearing 221, the linkage gear 23 is assembled on a second shaft 27 and is connected to the second shaft 27, and the second shaft 27 is fitted with a third bearing 271.

[0012] The cover 30 is installed in the second chamber 12 of the base 10 and is fitted onto the linkage gear 23, so that only a part of the linkage gear 23 is exposed on the outside of the cover 30.

[0013] The rotating ring 40 is circular and is installed in the second chamber 12 of the base 10. The inner edge is provided with internal teeth 41, which mesh with the linkage gear 23 of the multiple transmission units 20, so that the linkage gear 23 can drive the rotating ring 40 to rotate. In this embodiment, the rotating ring 40 is provided with two opposing needle roller bearings 42, so that the rotating ring 40 can rotate movably.

[0014] The locking ring 50 is circular and is installed at the opening of the second chamber 12 of the base 10 to limit the rotation ring 40.

[0015] The panel 60 is installed at one end of the base 10 where the second chamber 12 is located, and is locked with the rotating ring 40, and can rotate together with the rotating ring 40.

[0016] The drive unit 70 includes a motor 71, a fixed plate 72 and a drive gear 73. The motor 71 is mounted on the fixed plate 72 and is installed on one end of the base 10 where the first chamber 11 is located. The motor 71 is provided with a rotating shaft 711 and the drive gear 73 is mounted on the rotating shaft 711. The rotating shaft 711 can drive the drive gear 73 to rotate. The drive gear 73 meshes with the driven gear 21 of the multiple transmission units 20. By adjusting the angle of the driven gear 21, precise drive with zero backlash can be achieved.

[0017] The hydraulic brake mechanism 80 is a ring-shaped type and is located on the inner edge of the locking ring 50 to control the rotating ring 40 to stop rotating.

[0018] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, the locking element 26 can be loosened using a hand tool 90, so that the conical part 241 of the locking member 24 no longer presses inward to fix the first shaft member 25. Then, the angle of the driven gear 21 can be adjusted clockwise or counterclockwise, so that the driven gears 21 of the multiple transmission units 20 are in close contact with the drive gear 73 in opposite directions. Then, the locking element 26 can be tightened using a hand tool 90, and the conical part 241 is pressed inward to fix the first shaft member 25 through the conical hole 211, so that the drive gear 73 and the driven gears 21 of the multiple transmission units 20 can be driven with zero backlash. In addition, an optical scale can be installed on it to improve the inspection accuracy (the optical scale is a general technology and is not shown in the figure).

[0019] In use, as shown in Figures 10 to 12, the drive gear 73 and the driven gear 21 of the multiple transmission units 20 are driven by the motor 71 of the drive unit 70 to rotate. The connecting gear 23 is driven by the harmonic reducer 22 of the multiple transmission units 20 to rotate. The connecting gear 23 of the multiple transmission units 20 then drives the rotating ring 40 and the panel 60 to rotate so as to perform the required processing operations.

[0020] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 13, this is another embodiment of the indexing head structure of the present invention. The difference between this other embodiment and the above embodiment is that the number of the multiple transmission units 20 is four, and the driven gears 21 of the four transmission units 20 mesh with the drive gears 73 of the drive unit 70 in a four-part manner. In use, the drive gears 73 drive the driven gears 21 of the four transmission units 20 to rotate synchronously.

[0021] The following benefits can be obtained from the structure of the above specific embodiments:

[0022] The indexing head structure of the present invention is driven by a gear-driven harmonious reducer, which can improve the overall rigidity, reduce manufacturing costs, and achieve zero backlash precision drive by adjusting the angle of the driven gear 21, significantly improving machining accuracy and extending service life. In addition, the reduced friction during use makes wear less likely to occur, thereby improving machining efficiency, reducing maintenance frequency, and further reducing operating costs.

[0023] An optical scale can be additionally mounted on the indexing head structure of the present invention to improve inspection accuracy. [Simplified Explanation of the Diagram]

[0024] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention. Figure 2 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention. Figure 3 is a partially exploded schematic diagram of the present invention. Figure 4 is a plan view of the present invention. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 4 along line AA. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 4 along line BB. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 4 along line CC. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram (a) of the back clearance adjustment action of the present invention. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram (b) of the back clearance adjustment action of the present invention. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram (a) of the panel rotation drive action of the present invention. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram (b) of the panel rotation drive action of the present invention. Figure 12 is a schematic diagram (c) of the panel rotation drive action of the present invention. Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dividing head structure, comprising: a base, one end having a first chamber and the other end having a second chamber, wherein the first chamber and the second chamber are connected by a plurality of receiving holes; a plurality of transmission units, each transmission unit comprising a driven gear, a harmonic reducer and a connecting gear, wherein the driven gear is installed in the first chamber of the base and is angle-adjustable, the harmonic reducer is installed in the receiving hole of the base, and the connecting gear is installed in the second chamber of the base, wherein the driven gear drives the connecting gear to rotate through the harmonic reducer; The driven gear is mounted on a first shaft through a locking member. The driven gear has a conical hole at its center and a mating groove at one end. The bottom surface of the mating groove has a plurality of screw holes. The locking member has a conical part at one end and a mating part at the other end, and a shaft hole at its center. The mating part has a plurality of fixing holes. The conical part of the locking member passes through the conical hole of the driven gear. The first shaft passes through the shaft hole of the locking member. A plurality of locking elements pass through the plurality of fixing holes of the locking member and are locked to the plurality of screw holes of the driven gear. The conical part is pressed inward and fixed to the first shaft through the conical hole, so that the gear and the first shaft are linked. A rotating ring, which is circular, is installed in the second chamber of the base. The inner edge has internal teeth that mesh with the linkage gears of the plurality of transmission units, so that the linkage gears drive the rotating ring to rotate. A panel is mounted on one end of the base where the second chamber is located and locked to the rotating ring, and can rotate together with the rotating ring; and a drive unit includes a motor and a drive gear. The motor is mounted on one end of the base where the first chamber is located and has a rotating shaft. The drive gear is mounted on the rotating shaft and can be driven to rotate by the rotating shaft. The drive gear meshes with the driven gear of the plurality of transmission units. By adjusting the angle of the driven gear, precise drive with zero backlash can be achieved.

2. The indexing head structure as described in claim 1, wherein a first bearing is sleeved on the first shaft, a second bearing is sleeved on the harmonic reducer, the linkage gear assembly is mounted on a second shaft and is linked to the second shaft, and a third bearing is sleeved on the second shaft.

3. The indexing head structure as described in claim 1, wherein the number of the complex drive units is two.

4. The indexing head structure as described in claim 1, wherein the number of the complex drive units is four.

5. The indexing head structure as described in claim 1, further comprising a cover installed in the second chamber of the base and fitted onto the linkage gear such that only a portion of the linkage gear protrudes from the outside of the cover.

6. The indexing head structure as described in claim 1, wherein the rotating ring is provided with two opposing needle roller bearings, allowing the rotating ring to rotate movably.

7. The indexing head structure as described in claim 1, further comprising a locking ring and a hydraulic brake mechanism, the locking ring being annular and installed at the opening of the second chamber of the base for limiting the rotating ring, the hydraulic brake mechanism being circumferential and disposed on the inner edge of the locking ring for controlling the rotating ring to stop rotating.

8. The indexing head structure as described in claim 1, wherein the drive unit further includes a fixing plate, the motor assembly is disposed on the fixing plate, and is mounted on one end of the base where the first chamber is disposed via the fixing plate.

9. The indexing head structure as described in claim 1, wherein an optical scale is mounted on the indexing head structure to improve inspection accuracy.

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