Display module, transflective display device and manufacturing method of display module

Abstract

A display module includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a liquid crystal layer and a compensating assembly. A surface of the first electrode has an alignment. The second electrode is located above the first electrode, and a surface of the second electrode facing toward the first electrode has the same alignment as the first electrode. The liquid crystal layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, in which the liquid crystal layer is configured to produce a first alignment state twisted toward a first direction for

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This disclosure relates to a display module, a semi-reflective display device, and a method for manufacturing a display module. [Previous Technology]

[0002] In the field of displays, most liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are equipped with aligned electrodes and a liquid crystal layer in between. The chirality of the liquid crystal can be changed by applying an electric current, thereby altering its optical properties. However, traditional LCDs often require a relatively long time to change chirality. Therefore, improvements are desired in applications requiring shorter writing and erasing times, such as clock displays and vehicle information displays. Furthermore, some LCDs require a continuous voltage application to maintain one chiral alignment; if no voltage is applied, they revert to the original chiral alignment, thus compromising energy efficiency. [Summary of the Invention]

[0003] One of the technical features disclosed herein is a display module.

[0004] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a display module includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a compensation component, a first polarizer, and a second polarizer. One side of the first electrode has an alignment. The second electrode is located above the first electrode, wherein the side of the second electrode facing the first electrode has the same alignment direction as the first electrode. The liquid crystal layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the liquid crystal layer is configured to produce a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction, and the first electrode and the second electrode are configured to apply a first voltage to change the alignment of the liquid crystal layer from the first alignment state to a second alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a second direction, the second direction being opposite to the first direction. The compensation component is located on the second electrode. The first polarizer is located below the first electrode. The second polarizer is located on the compensation component. The transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer have a 90-degree angle.

[0005] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the compensation component includes a first compensation piece and a second compensation piece. The first compensation piece is located on the second electrode. The second compensation piece is located on the first compensation piece.

[0006] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the compensation component includes a first alignment sheet, a second alignment sheet, and a compensation liquid crystal layer. The first alignment sheet is located on a second electrode. The second alignment sheet is located on the first alignment sheet. The compensation liquid crystal layer is located between the first alignment sheet and the second alignment sheet, wherein the compensation liquid crystal layer is configured to produce a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction.

[0007] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the first optical path difference of the liquid crystal layer is the same as the second optical path difference of the compensation liquid crystal layer and is in the range of 410 nanometers to 720 nanometers, for example, the first optical path difference and the second optical path difference are 564.05 nanometers.

[0008] Another technical aspect disclosed herein is a semi-reflective display device.

[0009] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a transflective display device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, a liquid crystal layer, a compensation component, and a transflective sheet. One side of the first electrode has an alignment. The second electrode is located above the first electrode, wherein the side of the second electrode facing the first electrode has the same alignment direction as the first electrode. The liquid crystal layer is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the liquid crystal layer is configured to produce a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction, and the first electrode and the second electrode are configured to apply a first voltage to change the alignment of the liquid crystal layer from the first alignment state to a second alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a second direction. The compensation component is located above the second electrode. The transflective sheet is located below the first electrode, wherein a portion of the transflective sheet is an ideal reflective area and a portion is an ideal transparent area.

[0010] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the transflective display device further includes a first quarter-wavelength plate, a first half-wavelength plate, and a first polarizer. The first quarter-wavelength plate is located below the transflective plate. The first half-wavelength plate is located below the first quarter-wavelength plate. The first polarizer is located below the first half-wavelength plate.

[0011] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the transflective display device further includes a second quarter-wavelength plate, a second half-wavelength plate, and a second polarizer. The second quarter-wavelength plate is located above the compensation assembly. The second half-wavelength plate is located above the second quarter-wavelength plate. The second polarizer is located above the second half-wavelength plate. The second polarizer is positioned such that its transmission axis forms a 90-degree angle with the transmission axis of the first polarizer.

[0012] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the compensation component includes a first alignment sheet, a second alignment sheet, and a compensation liquid crystal layer. The first alignment sheet is located on a second electrode. The second alignment sheet is located on the first alignment sheet. The compensation liquid crystal layer is located between the first alignment sheet and the second alignment sheet, wherein the compensation liquid crystal layer is configured to produce a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction.

[0013] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the first optical path difference of the liquid crystal layer is the same as the second optical path difference of the compensation liquid crystal layer.

[0014] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the half-wavelength plate and the quarter-wavelength plate refer to a light wavelength of 550 nanometers. The half-wavelength plate and the quarter-wavelength plate are used together to make the light from the light source become linearly polarized light after passing through the polarizer, and then become circularly polarized light after passing through the combination of wavelength plates. It is effective for light wavelengths from 400 nanometers to 700 nanometers. That is, the combination of wavelength plates has the function of a quarter-wavelength plate for a wide wavelength range (400nm~700nm), but it is not limited to this combination and there may be other alternatives.

[0015] Another technical aspect disclosed herein is a semi-reflective display device.

[0016] According to one embodiment of this disclosure, a transflective display device includes a plurality of first electrodes, a plurality of second electrodes, a liquid crystal layer, a compensation component, and a plurality of transflective sheets. The plurality of first electrodes, the plurality of second electrodes, and the plurality of transflective sheets are arranged in a pixel configuration. One side of the first electrode has an alignment. The second electrode is located above the first electrode, wherein the side of the second electrode facing the first electrode has the same alignment direction as the first electrode. The liquid crystal layer is located between the first and second electrodes, wherein the liquid crystal layer is configured to produce a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction, and the first and second electrodes are configured to apply a first voltage to change the alignment of the liquid crystal layer from the first alignment state to a second alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a second direction. The first and second electrodes corresponding to each pixel can be independently subjected to the first voltage, individually controlling the alignment state of the liquid crystal layer. The compensation component is located above the second electrode. The transflective sheets are located below the first electrode, wherein a portion of the transflective sheets is an ideal reflective area and a portion is an ideal transparent area.

[0017] In one embodiment of this disclosure, one of the first electrodes, the second electrode that completely overlaps with the first electrode in the vertical direction, and the transflective film that completely overlaps with the second electrode in the vertical direction constitute a pixel. The pixels are arranged in an array, and a first voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode of the first portion of the pixel to change the liquid crystal layer from a first arrangement state to a second arrangement state that is twisted 180 degrees in the second direction.

[0018] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the transflective display device further includes a first quarter-wavelength plate, a first half-wavelength plate, and a first polarizer. The first quarter-wavelength plate is located below a plurality of transflective plates. The first half-wavelength plate is located below the first quarter-wavelength plate. The first polarizer is located below the first half-wavelength plate. Furthermore, the transflective display device further includes a second quarter-wavelength plate, a second half-wavelength plate, and a second polarizer. The second quarter-wavelength plate is located above a compensation assembly. The second half-wavelength plate is located above the second quarter-wavelength plate. The second polarizer is located above the second half-wavelength plate. The second polarizer is positioned such that its transmission axis forms a 90-degree angle with the transmission axis of the first polarizer.

[0019] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the compensation component includes a first alignment sheet, a second alignment sheet, and a compensation liquid crystal layer. The first alignment sheet is located on a plurality of second electrodes. The second alignment sheet is located on the first alignment sheet. The compensation liquid crystal layer is located between the first alignment sheet and the second alignment sheet, wherein the compensation liquid crystal layer is configured to produce a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction.

[0020] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the first optical path difference of the liquid crystal layer is the same as the second optical path difference of the compensation liquid crystal layer.

[0021] In one embodiment of this disclosure, the half-wavelength plate and the quarter-wavelength plate refer to a light wavelength of 550 nanometers. The half-wavelength plate and the quarter-wavelength plate are used together to make the light from the light source become linearly polarized light after passing through the polarizer, and then become circularly polarized light after passing through the combination of wavelength plates. It is effective for light wavelengths from 400 nanometers to 700 nanometers. That is, the combination of wavelength plates has the function of a quarter-wavelength plate for a wide wavelength range (400nm~700nm), but it is not limited to this combination and there may be other alternatives.

[0022] Another technical aspect disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a display module.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for manufacturing a display module includes filling a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, a small amount of a plurality of palm-shaped molecules and a plurality of polymer monomers between a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode have the same alignment direction; applying a voltage to cause the liquid crystal molecules to form a bent arrangement; irradiating ultraviolet light to polymerize the polymer monomers and cause the liquid crystal molecules to form a moderate pretilt angle; and removing the voltage to cause the liquid crystal molecules to be arranged in a first arrangement state with a first twist of 180 degrees in a first direction.

[0024] In one embodiment of this disclosure, forming a moderate pretilt angle for the liquid crystal molecules means generating a pretilt angle of about 2 to 25 degrees for the liquid crystal molecules.

[0025] Another technical aspect disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a display module.

[0026] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for manufacturing a display module includes filling a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, a small amount of a plurality of palm-shaped molecules and a plurality of polymer monomers between a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are aligned in the same direction; applying a voltage to cause the liquid crystal molecules to form a curved arrangement; covering the second electrode with a photomask, the pattern on the photomask including a central opaque region and a surrounding transparent region; irradiating with ultraviolet light to polymerize the polymer monomers in the transparent region around the photomask, so that the liquid crystal molecules in this region form a high pretilt angle; removing the voltage to cause the liquid crystal molecules located in the central opaque region of the photomask to generate a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction; and removing the photomask.

[0027] In one embodiment of this disclosure, forming a high pretilt angle for the liquid crystal molecules in the light-transmitting region surrounding the photomask is to form a pretilt angle of approximately 90 degrees for the liquid crystal molecules.

[0028] In the above-disclosed embodiment, since a bistable liquid crystal with two alignment states is used, and a compensation component is employed, one alignment state of the liquid crystal layer is set to a dark state and the other alignment state is set to a bright state. This enables the display module and the transflective display device using this display module to achieve optical characteristics of high brightness, high contrast, wide spectral density, and wide viewing angle. Furthermore, since both alignment states are stable and have a memory effect, no additional voltage needs to be applied to maintain either alignment state and display function, achieving energy-saving effects.

Implementation Method

[0029] The following disclosure of embodiments provides many different implementations, or examples, for carrying out different features of the provided object. Specific examples of elements and arrangements are described below to simplify the present invention. Of course, these examples are merely examples and are not intended to be limiting. Furthermore, element symbols and / or letters may be repeated in various examples. This repetition is for simplicity and clarity purposes and does not in itself specify the relationship between the various implementations and / or configurations discussed.

[0030] Spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” “upper,” etc., may be used herein for descriptive purposes to describe the relationship between one element or feature as shown in the accompanying drawings and another element or feature. Spatial relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the accompanying drawings. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or otherwise) and the spatial relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0031] Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a display module 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to Figure 1, the display module 100 includes a first electrode 110, a second electrode 120, a liquid crystal layer 130, and a compensation component 140. One side of the first electrode 110 has an alignment direction R. The second electrode 120 is located on the first electrode 110, wherein the side of the second electrode 120 facing the first electrode 110 has the same alignment direction R as the first electrode 110. The liquid crystal layer 130 is located between the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120, wherein the liquid crystal layer 130 is configured to produce a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees toward a first direction D1. In this embodiment, the first alignment state may be left-handed, but the present disclosure is not limited to this; for example, right-handed alignment may also be used as the first alignment state. The first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 are configured to apply a first voltage to cause the liquid crystal layer 130 to change its alignment from the first alignment state to a second alignment state twisted 180 degrees toward a second direction D2, which is opposite to the first direction D1. The compensation component 140 is located on the second electrode 120. Without the compensation component 140, the liquid crystal layer 130 will not appear dark in either the first or second alignment state, allowing light to pass through smoothly (only changing the polarization direction of the light). In some embodiments, the display module 100 further includes a first polarizer 150 and a second polarizer 160. The first polarizer 150 is located below the first electrode 110, and the second polarizer 160 is located above the compensation component 140. In some embodiments, the transmission axis direction of the first polarizer 150 and the transmission axis direction of the second polarizer 160 form a 90-degree angle. Furthermore, the alignment direction R forms an angle θ with the transmission axis direction of the first polarizer 150.

[0032] Specifically, the angle θ and optical path difference (Δnd) selected by the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 130 cause the light from the light source to become linearly polarized light after passing through the first polarizer 150, and then elliptically polarized light after passing through the liquid crystal. Since different wavelengths of light produce different degrees of elliptically polarization after passing through the liquid crystal, a first compensation plate 142 (e.g., a single-axis waveplate) is placed, with its optical axis having an angle θ1 and an optical path difference (Δnd)1 with the transmission axis of the first polarizer 150. Then, a second compensation plate 144 is placed, with its optical axis having another angle θ2 and another optical path difference (Δnd)2 with the transmission axis of the first polarizer 150. The first compensation plate 142 and the second compensation plate 144 convert the elliptically polarized light passing through the liquid crystal layer 130 into linearly polarized light, which forms a 90-degree angle with the transmission axis of the second polarizer 160, thus obtaining a dark state. Furthermore, an excellent dark state is achieved for light wavelengths in the range of 400 nanometers to 700 nanometers. In some embodiments, the above parameters may be as shown in Table 1: Parameter name size unit θ 66 Spend (Δnd) 473.8 nanometer θ1 168 Spend (Δnd)1 142 nanometer θ2 twenty one Spend (Δnd)2 230 nanometer Table 1

[0033] However, this disclosure is not limited to this. Figure 2 illustrates the transmittance-wavelength relationship of the display module 100 in Figure 1. It can be seen that by adding the compensation component 140, the first polarizer 150, and the second polarizer 160, one alignment state of the liquid crystal layer 130 (in this embodiment, a left-handed alignment state) is dark, and the other alignment state (in this embodiment, a right-handed alignment state) is bright, thus allowing the display module 100 to have bright and dark distinctions at each wavelength. In this embodiment, the compensation component 140 includes a first compensation plate 142 and a second compensation plate 144. The first compensation plate 142 is located on the second electrode 120. The second compensation plate 144 is located on the first compensation plate 142. The first compensation plate 142 and the second compensation plate 144 include waveplates, but this disclosure is not limited to this.

[0034] Specifically, when no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal layer 130, due to the doping of a trace amount of optically active material (Chiral Molecules), is in a first alignment state (for example, a left-handed alignment state). At this time, applying a low-frequency voltage will allow the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 130 to enter an intermediate state. After entering the intermediate state, switching the voltage to a high-frequency voltage will allow the liquid crystal layer 130 to enter a second alignment state (for example, a right-handed alignment state). Since both the second and first alignment states are stable states, the voltage can be directly removed, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 130 will remain in the second alignment state and will not revert to the first alignment state. If it is necessary to return from the second alignment state to the first alignment state, a low-frequency voltage is applied to allow the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 130 to re-enter the intermediate state, and then the voltage is removed. The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 130 will then return to the first alignment state due to the doping of the trace amount of optically active material. Alternatively, after applying a low-frequency voltage to cause the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 130 to re-enter the intermediate state, a high-frequency voltage can be applied. Due to its dual-frequency liquid crystal characteristic, the liquid crystal molecules will return to the first alignment state. Dual-frequency liquid crystals are liquid crystals whose dielectric anisotropy Δε changes with the voltage frequency; for example, Δε > 0 at low frequencies and Δε < 0 at high frequencies.

[0035] Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of a display module 100a according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to Figure 3, the display module 100a includes a first electrode 110, a second electrode 120, a liquid crystal layer 130, and a compensation component 140a. One side of the first electrode 110 has an alignment direction R1. The second electrode 120 is located on the first electrode 110, wherein the side of the second electrode 120 facing the first electrode 110 has the same alignment direction R1 as the first electrode 110. This embodiment differs from the embodiment of Figure 1 in that, in this embodiment, the compensation component 140a includes a first alignment sheet 142a, a second alignment sheet 144a, and a compensation liquid crystal layer 146a. The first alignment sheet 142a is located on the second electrode 120. The second alignment sheet 144a is located on the first alignment sheet 142a. A compensation liquid crystal layer 146a is located between the first alignment sheet 142a and the second alignment sheet 144a, wherein the compensation liquid crystal layer 146a is configured to produce a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction. In this embodiment, the compensation assembly 140a is a 180-degree twisted liquid crystal with the same 180-degree twist as the lower liquid crystal layer 130, and the compensation liquid crystal layer 146a in the compensation assembly 140a is confined to a left-handed alignment state. However, this disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the upper compensation liquid crystal layer 146a may also be arranged in a right-handed alignment state. Furthermore, the first alignment sheet 142a and the second alignment sheet 144a have the same alignment direction R2, and this alignment direction R2 is parallel to the penetration axis direction of the upper second polarizer 160. Furthermore, the alignment direction R2 of the first alignment piece 142a and the second alignment piece 144a forms a 90-degree angle with the alignment direction R1 of the lower first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120. The alignment direction R1 of the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 is parallel to the penetration axis direction of the lower first polarizer 150. That is, the penetration axis direction of the first polarizer 150 forms a 90-degree angle with the penetration axis direction of the second polarizer 160. When the lower liquid crystal layer 130 is driven by voltage to become right-handed, while the upper compensation liquid crystal layer 146a is left-handed, the linearly polarized light generated by the first polarizer 150 passes through the liquid crystal layer 130 and the compensation liquid crystal layer 146a, and the linear polarization direction remains unchanged, so it cannot pass through the second polarizer 160. At this time, the element displays a dark state. When the lower liquid crystal layer 130 is driven by voltage to become left-handed, and it is also left-handed in the same state as the upper compensation liquid crystal layer 146a, the linearly polarized light passes through the two liquid crystal layers, and the polarization direction changes, so it can pass through the second polarizer. At this time, the element displays a bright state.If the liquid crystal layer 130 and the compensating liquid crystal layer 146a adopt the same optical path difference, excellent dark state can be achieved in the light wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the optical path difference between the liquid crystal layer 130 and the compensating liquid crystal layer 146a is between 410 nm and 720 nm, for example, when they are 564.05 nm, uniform high brightness is achieved in the visible light band (400 nm to 700 nm). Figure 4 shows the transmittance-wavelength relationship of the display module 100a in Figure 3. It can be seen that through this compensation method, the embodiment in Figure 3 can achieve a clear distinction between bright and dark states in the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm.

[0036] It should be understood that the component connection relationships and functions already described will not be repeated, but will be stated in the following description. In the following description, a transflective display device 200 having a display module 100a will be described.

[0037] Figure 5 illustrates a perspective view of a transflective display device 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to Figure 5, a transflective display device 200 includes a display panel 170, a compensation component 140a, and a transflective film 250. The display panel 170 and its included first electrode 110, second electrode 120, and liquid crystal layer 130 have the same configuration as in Figure 1 or Figure 3, and therefore will not be repeated. The compensation component 140a is located on the second electrode 120. The transflective film 250 is located below the first electrode 110, wherein the transflective film 250 includes an ideal reflective region 252 and an ideal transmissive region 254. In this embodiment, the transflective display device 200 further includes a first quarter-wavelength plate 260, a first half-wavelength plate 270, and a first polarizer 150. The first quarter-wavelength plate 260 is located below the transflective film 250. The first half-wavelength plate 270 is located below the first quarter-wavelength plate 260. The first polarizer 150 is located below the first half-wavelength plate 270. Furthermore, the transflective display device 200 further includes a second quarter-wavelength plate 280, a second half-wavelength plate 290, and a second polarizer 160. The second quarter-wavelength plate 280 is located above the compensation assembly 140a. The second half-wavelength plate 290 is located above the second quarter-wavelength plate 280. The second polarizer 160 is located above the second half-wavelength plate 290. In the embodiment of Figure 5, the compensation assembly 140a can use a compensation plate as in the embodiment of Figure 1, or it can use liquid crystal molecules as in the embodiment of Figure 3 to compensate for the optical characteristics of the display panel 170.

[0038] When the liquid crystals of the display panel 170 and the compensation component 140a are in an opposite twisted arrangement, in order to make the reflected light and transmitted light simultaneously display a dark state, the wavelength plates are arranged as follows: the angle between the optical axis of the second half-wavelength plate 290 and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 160 is ϕ1, and the angle between the optical axis of the second quarter-wavelength plate 280 and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 160 is ϕ2. ϕ1 = 15°, ϕ2 = 75° or ϕ1 = -15°, ϕ... 2 = -75°. The combination of the second half-wavelength plate 290 and the second quarter-wavelength plate 280 provides the effect of a quarter-wavelength plate over a wide wavelength range (400nm~700nm visible light wavelength range). It can convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light, allowing it to pass through two layers of liquid crystal arranged in opposite twists while maintaining its circular polarization characteristics. The reflected light, generated by the ideal reflection region 252 of the semi-transparent reflector 250, travels along the reflection path and is ultimately absorbed by the second polarizer, displaying a dark state in the 400nm~700nm wide wavelength range. To ensure that the transmitted light simultaneously reaches a dark state across the wide wavelength range, the angle between the optical axes of the first half-wavelength plate 270 and the second half-wavelength plate 290 is 90 degrees, and the angle between the optical axes of the first quarter-wavelength plate 260 and the second quarter-wavelength plate 280 is also 90 degrees. Alternatively, when the second wave... When the long plate is made of a positive birefringent material and the first wavelength plate is made of a negative birefringent material, the angle between the optical axes of the first and second wavelength plates (e.g., the angle between the optical axes of the first quarter-wavelength plate 260 and the second quarter-wavelength plate 280) is 0 degrees. This disclosure is not limited to this. For example, the second wavelength plate can also be made of a negative birefringent material, while the first wavelength plate is made of a positive birefringent material. In this case, linearly polarized light passes through the first wavelength plate, then through the ideal transmission region 254 of the semi-transparent reflector 250, through the two layers of liquid crystal arranged in opposite twists, and finally through the second wavelength plate. It is then absorbed by the second polarizer, causing the transmitted light to also reach a wide-band dark state. Moreover, when the liquid crystals of the display panel 170 and the compensation component 140a have the same optical path difference, the dark state simultaneously reached by the reflected light and the transmitted light in a wide band is an excellent dark state. Furthermore, under this arrangement, when the liquid crystals of the display panel 170 and the compensation component 140a have the same twisted arrangement, the reflected light and the transmitted light can simultaneously reach a bright state.

[0039] By using a bistable liquid crystal with two alignment states and by using a compensation component 140a, one alignment of the liquid crystal layer 130 is set to a dark state, thereby enabling the display panel 170 and the transflective display device 200 using this display panel 170 to achieve optical characteristics of high brightness, high contrast, wide spectral density, and wide viewing angle. Furthermore, since both alignment states are stable and have a memory effect, no additional voltage needs to be applied to maintain the two alignment states, achieving energy-saving effects.

[0040] Figure 6 illustrates a perspective view of a transflective display device 200a according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to Figure 6, the transflective display device 200a includes a display panel 170a, a compensation component 140a, a transflective film 250a, a first quarter-wavelength plate 260, a first half-wavelength plate 270, a first polarizer 150, a second quarter-wavelength plate 280, a second half-wavelength plate 290, and a second polarizer 160. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment in Figure 5 is that, in this embodiment, the display panel 170a and the transflective film 250a are fabricated as pixels, comprising a plurality of display units and transflective units; that is, each pixel can be separately controlled by a liquid crystal layer, while the compensation component 140a is entirely fabricated using a single liquid crystal layer. This design reduces the number of processes required to manufacture the transflective display device 200a and shortens the manufacturing time.

[0041] The following description will explain the manufacturing method of the display module.

[0042] Figures 7 to 9 illustrate cross-sectional views of a method for manufacturing a display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure at an intermediate stage. Referring to Figure 7, the method for manufacturing the display module includes filling a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 132, a trace amount of a plurality of palmar molecules, and a plurality of polymer monomers 134 between a first electrode 110 and a second electrode 120, wherein the surface of the first electrode 110 has a first alignment film 112, and the surface of the second electrode 120 has a second alignment film 122. The first alignment film 112 and the second alignment film 122 adopt the same alignment direction, the purpose of which is to form a first alignment state in which the liquid crystal layer 130 is twisted 180 degrees in a first direction (because the liquid crystal molecules 132 closest to the first alignment film 112 and the liquid crystal molecules 132 closest to the second alignment film 122 have a symmetrical pretilt angle) during the subsequent manufacturing process.

[0043] Referring to Figure 8, a voltage is then applied to cause the liquid crystal molecules 132 to bend and align; then, ultraviolet light is irradiated to polymerize the polymer monomers 134 to form a polymer network 135, thereby maintaining the liquid crystal molecules 132 at a moderate pretilt angle. The "pretilt angle" referred to here is the angle between the liquid crystal molecules 132 near the first alignment film 112 and the second alignment film 122 and the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, forming a moderate pretilt angle for the liquid crystal molecules 132 means creating a pretilt angle of approximately 2 to 25 degrees for the liquid crystal molecules 132. In some embodiments, when the display panel 170 is irradiated with ultraviolet light from above the second electrode 120, a reflector is placed below the first electrode 110 to ensure a uniform ultraviolet light distribution in the liquid crystal layer 130, thereby achieving the formation of a uniform polymer network 135 near the alignment films on both sides.

[0044] Referring to Figure 9, the voltage is then removed, causing the liquid crystal molecules 132 to align in a first alignment state with a 180-degree twist in the first direction. After this step, the display panel 170 is completed. Subsequently, the display panel 170 will be supplemented with compensation components 140 (the embodiment in Figure 1), 140a (the embodiment in Figure 3), a first polarizer 150, a second polarizer 160, etc., to form display modules 100 and 100a, or supplemented with a transflective film 250, a first quarter-wavelength plate 260, a first half-wavelength plate 270, a second quarter-wavelength plate 280, and a second half-wavelength plate 290 to form a transflective display device 200 (as in the embodiment in Figure 5).

[0045] Figures 10 to 12 illustrate cross-sectional views of a method for manufacturing a display module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure at an intermediate stage. Referring to Figures 10 and 11, the method for manufacturing the display module includes filling a plurality of liquid crystal molecules 132, a trace amount of a plurality of palmar molecules, and a plurality of polymer monomers 134 between a first electrode 110 and a second electrode 120, wherein the surfaces of the first electrode 110 and the second electrode 120 have a first alignment film 112 and a second alignment film 122 with the same alignment direction. Next, a voltage is applied to cause the liquid crystal molecules 132 to form a bent arrangement, and a photomask 400 is covered on the second electrode 120. The photomask 400 includes a peripheral light-transmitting area 402 and a central light-blocking area 404. Then, ultraviolet light is irradiated, causing the polymer monomers 134 located in the peripheral light-transmitting area 402 of the photomask to polymerize to form a polymer network 135, so that the nearby liquid crystal molecules 132 form a high pretilt angle. In some embodiments, when the display panel 170 is irradiated with ultraviolet light from above the second electrode 120, a reflector is placed below the first electrode 110 to ensure that the liquid crystal layer 130 in the light-transmitting area 402 around the photomask has a uniform distribution of ultraviolet light, so as to form a uniform polymer network 135 near the alignment film in this area.

[0046] Referring to Figure 12, the voltage and photomask 400 are then removed. After this step, the liquid crystal molecules 132 in the light-transmitting area 402 around the photomask in the previous step will have a higher pretilt angle (close to 90 degrees) than in the embodiments shown in Figures 7 to 9, while the liquid crystal molecules 132 in the light-blocking area 404 in the center of the photomask in the previous step will be arranged in a first alignment state with a 180-degree twist in the first direction. After this step, the display panel 170 is manufactured. Subsequently, the display panel 170 will be supplemented with compensation components 140 (the embodiment in Figure 1), 140a (the embodiment in Figure 3), a first polarizer 150, a second polarizer 160, etc., to form display modules 100 and 100a, or supplemented with a transflective film 250, a first quarter-wavelength plate 260, a first half-wavelength plate 270, a second quarter-wavelength plate 280, and a second half-wavelength plate 290 to form a transflective display device 200 (as shown in the embodiment in Figure 5).

[0047] The foregoing outlines the features of several embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to better understand the nature of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can readily use this disclosure as the basis for designing or modifying other processes and structures to achieve the same purposes and / or advantages as the embodiments described herein. Those skilled in the art should also recognize that such equivalent constructions do not depart from the spirit and scope of this disclosure, and that various changes, substitutions, and alterations can be made to them without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure. [Simplified Explanation of the Diagram]

[0048] The nature of this disclosure can be best understood from the following embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Note that, according to standard practice in the industry, the various features are not drawn to scale. In fact, the dimensions of various features may be increased or decreased arbitrarily for clarity of explanation. Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a display module according to one embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 2 shows a transmittance-wavelength relationship diagram of the display module in Figure 1. Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a display module according to another embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 4 shows a transmittance-wavelength relationship diagram of the display module in Figure 3. Figure 5 shows a perspective view of a transflective display device according to one embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 6 shows a perspective view of a transflective display device according to another embodiment of this disclosure. Figures 7 to 9 show cross-sectional views of the manufacturing method of the display module according to one embodiment of this disclosure at an intermediate stage. Figures 10 to 12 show cross-sectional views of the manufacturing method of the display module according to another embodiment of this disclosure at an intermediate stage. [Biomaterial Storage]

[0050] Domestic storage information (please note in order of storage institution, date, and number): None. International storage information (please note in order of storage country, institution, date, and number): None.

Claims

1. A display module comprising: a first electrode, wherein one side of the first electrode has an alignment direction; a second electrode located on the first electrode, wherein the side of the second electrode facing the first electrode has the same alignment direction as the first electrode; a liquid crystal layer located between the first electrode and the second electrode, and comprising a small amount of a plurality of palmar molecules, wherein the palmar molecules of the liquid crystal layer are configured such that the liquid crystal layer is in a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction when no voltage is applied, the first electrode and the second electrode are configured to apply a first voltage to change the alignment of the liquid crystal layer from the first alignment state to a second alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a second direction, the second direction being opposite to the first direction; a compensation component located on the second electrode; a first polarizer located below the first electrode; and a second polarizer located on the compensation component.

2. The display module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compensation component comprises: a first compensation sheet located on the second electrode; and a second compensation sheet located on the first compensation sheet.

3. The display module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compensation component comprises: a first alignment sheet located on the second electrode; a second alignment sheet located on the first alignment sheet; and a compensation liquid crystal layer located between the first alignment sheet and the second alignment sheet, wherein the compensation liquid crystal layer is configured to generate the first alignment state twisted 180 degrees toward the first direction.

4. The display module as described in claim 3, wherein a first optical path difference of the liquid crystal layer is the same as a second optical path difference of the compensating liquid crystal layer and the first optical path difference and the second optical path difference are in the range of 410 nanometers to 720 nanometers.

5. A transflective display device, comprising: a first electrode, wherein one side of the first electrode has an alignment direction; a second electrode, located on the first electrode, wherein the side of the second electrode facing the first electrode has the same alignment direction as the first electrode; a liquid crystal layer, located between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the liquid crystal layer is configured to generate a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction, wherein a first voltage is applied to the first electrode and the second electrode to cause the liquid crystal layer to change alignment from the first alignment state to a second alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a second direction; a compensation component, located on the second electrode; and a transflective sheet, located below the first electrode, wherein a portion of the transflective sheet is an ideal reflective region and a portion is an ideal transmissive region.

6. The transflective display device as claimed in claim 5 further comprises: a first quarter-wavelength plate located below the transflective film; a first half-wavelength plate located below the first quarter-wavelength plate; and a first polarizer located below the first half-wavelength plate.

7. The transflective display device as claimed in claim 5 further comprises: a second quarter-wavelength plate located above the compensation component; a second half-wavelength plate located above the second quarter-wavelength plate; and a second polarizer located above the second half-wavelength plate.

8. The transflective display device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the compensation component comprises: a first alignment sheet located on the second electrode; a second alignment sheet located on the first alignment sheet; and a compensation liquid crystal layer located between the first alignment sheet and the second alignment sheet, wherein the compensation liquid crystal layer is configured to produce the first alignment state twisted 180 degrees toward the first direction.

9. The transflective display device as claimed in claim 8, wherein a first optical path difference of the liquid crystal layer is the same as a second optical path difference of the compensating liquid crystal layer.

10. A transflective display device comprising: a plurality of first electrodes, wherein one side of the first electrodes has an alignment direction; a plurality of second electrodes located on the first electrodes, wherein the side of the second electrodes facing the first electrodes has the same alignment direction as the first electrodes; a liquid crystal layer located between the first electrodes and the second electrodes, wherein the liquid crystal layer is configured to generate a first alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a first direction, wherein a first voltage is applied to the first electrodes and the second electrodes to cause the liquid crystal layer to change alignment from the first alignment state to a second alignment state twisted 180 degrees in a second direction; a compensation component located on the second electrodes; and a plurality of transflective sheets located below the first electrodes, wherein each transflective sheet has a portion of an ideal reflective region and a portion of an ideal transmissive region.

11. The transflective display device as claimed in claim 10, wherein one of the first electrodes, the second electrodes that completely overlap with the first electrode in a vertical direction, and the transflective sheets that completely overlap with the second electrode in the vertical direction constitute a pixel, the pixels are arranged in an array, and a first voltage is applied to a first portion of the first electrodes and the second electrodes of the pixels to change the liquid crystal layer from the first arrangement state to the second arrangement state in which it is twisted 180 degrees toward the second direction.

12. The transflective display device as claimed in claim 10 further comprises: a first quarter-wavelength plate located below the transflective plates; a first half-wavelength plate located below the first quarter-wavelength plate; and a first polarizer located below the first half-wavelength plate.

13. The transflective display device as claimed in claim 10 further comprises: a second quarter-wavelength plate located above the compensation component; a second half-wavelength plate located above the second quarter-wavelength plate; and a second polarizer located above the second half-wavelength plate.

14. The transflective display device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the compensation component comprises: a first alignment sheet located on the second electrodes; a second alignment sheet located on the first alignment sheet; and a compensation liquid crystal layer located between the first alignment sheet and the second alignment sheet, wherein the compensation liquid crystal layer is configured to produce the first alignment state twisted 180 degrees toward the first direction.

15. The transflective display device as claimed in claim 14, wherein a first optical path difference of the liquid crystal layer is the same as a second optical path difference of the compensating liquid crystal layer.

16. A method for manufacturing a display module, comprising: filling a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, a trace amount of a plurality of palm-shaped molecules and a plurality of polymer monomers between a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode have the same alignment direction; applying a voltage to cause the liquid crystal molecules to form a bent alignment; irradiating ultraviolet light to cause the polymer monomers to polymerize and form a polymer network so that the liquid crystal molecules form a moderate pretilt angle; and removing the voltage to cause the liquid crystal molecules to be arranged in a first alignment state with a first twist of 180 degrees in a first direction.

17. The method of manufacturing a display module as claimed in claim 16, wherein forming a moderate pretilt angle for the liquid crystal molecules involves generating a pretilt angle of approximately 2 to 25 degrees for the liquid crystal molecules.

18. A method for manufacturing a display module, comprising: filling a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, a trace amount of a plurality of palmar molecules and a plurality of polymer monomers between a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode have the same alignment direction; applying a voltage to cause the liquid crystal molecules to form a bent alignment; covering the second electrode with a photomask, the photomask including a central light-blocking region and a surrounding light-transmitting region; irradiating the photomask with ultraviolet light to cause the polymer monomers to polymerize in the surrounding light-transmitting region to form a polymer network, thereby causing the liquid crystal molecules in the region to form a high pretilt angle; removing the voltage to cause the liquid crystal molecules in the central light-blocking region of the photomask to form a first alignment state with a 180-degree twist in a first direction; and removing the photomask.

19. The method of manufacturing a display module as claimed in claim 18, wherein forming a high pretilt angle for the liquid crystal molecules in the light-transmitting area around the photomask is to generate a pretilt angle of approximately 90 degrees for the liquid crystal molecules.

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