Hub motor

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a hub motor including a case and a rotating mechanism. The case includes an annular wall, a guiding board set and an end board. The annular wall includes a guiding opening set including a first guiding opening and a second guiding opening. The guiding board set is coordinated with the guiding opening set. The guiding board set includes a first guiding board and a second guiding board. The first guiding board is at least partially located above the first guiding opening to form a first guiding aperture, the second guiding board is at least partially located above the second guiding opening to form a second guiding aperture, and the first guiding aperture and the second guiding aperture face to opposite directions. As the rotating mechanism is rotated, the case is rotated to allow an air to flow into one of the first guiding aperture and the second guiding aperture and flow out from another one of the first guiding aperture and the second guiding aperture. Therefore, the heat dissipation effect is increased.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This invention relates to a motor, and more particularly to a hub motor. [Previous Technology]

[0002] Generally speaking, electric vehicles such as electric bicycles can be equipped with motors to provide power. The motors can be directly installed on the front or rear wheels to directly drive the wheels, and such motors are called hub motors.

[0003] A hub motor is generally composed of a core (including a stator and rotor), a control board, a reduction mechanism, a one-way clutch output mechanism, and a housing. The hub motor can operate after being powered on. However, during rotation, the external load on the hub motor increases, and the input current rises accordingly, causing the internal temperature of the hub motor to rise. Although the heat from the stator can be transferred to the housing through the stator cover, central shaft, and bearings, and the heat from the control board can be transferred to the housing through thermally conductive silicone, heat dissipation cover, central shaft, and bearings, the heat dissipation capacity of this method is still limited, making the hub motor susceptible to overheating under high load conditions.

[0004] In view of this, improving the structure of hub motors to enhance their heat dissipation capacity has become the goal of relevant industry players. [Summary of the Invention]

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a hub motor, which can effectively improve the heat dissipation capacity of the hub motor through structural configuration.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a hub motor is provided, comprising a housing and a mechanism. The housing includes an annular wall, at least one air guide plate assembly, and an end plate. The annular wall surrounds and forms an accommodating space and includes at least one air guide port assembly, wherein the at least one air guide port assembly includes a first air guide port and a second air guide port. The at least one air guide plate assembly is disposed on the annular wall and cooperates with the at least one air guide port assembly, wherein the at least one air guide plate assembly includes a first air guide plate and a second air guide plate. The first air guide plate protrudes from the annular wall and at least partially surrounds a portion of the first air guide port of the at least one air guide port assembly to form a first guide port communicating with the first air guide port, the first guide port facing a first direction. The second air guide plate protrudes from the annular wall and at least partially surrounds a portion of the second air guide port of the at least one air guide port assembly to form a second guide port communicating with the second air guide port, the second guide port facing a second direction. The end plate is connected to one end edge of the annular wall. The movement is housed in the accommodating space and includes a central shaft, one end of which is exposed on the end plate and has an axis. When the movement rotates in a first direction, air enters through the first guide port and exits through the second guide port in the aforementioned at least one air guide plate assembly.

[0007] According to the hub motor of the above embodiment, a virtual line can pass through the axis, a center point of the first air vent of the above-mentioned at least one air vent group and a corresponding point on the corresponding first air vent plate, the tangent line is tangent to the corresponding point, a reference line is tangent to the center point, and the angle between the tangent line and the reference line is between 15 degrees and 30 degrees.

[0008] In the hub motor according to the above embodiment, the number of the above at least one air vent group and the number of the above at least one air guide plate group can both be less than or equal to 3.

[0009] According to the hub motor of the above embodiment, the number of the above at least one air guide group can be N1, and the central angle between the first air guide and the second air guide in the above at least one air guide group is equal to 360 / (N1×2).

[0010] According to the hub motor of the above embodiment, the annular wall may include an outer layer, an inner layer and at least one opening group, the aforementioned at least one air guide plate group is disposed on the outer layer, the inner layer is located between the outer layer and the mechanism, the aforementioned at least one opening group includes two openings arranged at intervals in the inner layer and respectively corresponding to the first air guide port and the second air guide port of the aforementioned at least one air guide port group, the hub motor further includes at least one waterproof and breathable membrane group, the aforementioned at least one waterproof and breathable membrane group includes a first waterproof and breathable membrane and a second waterproof and breathable membrane respectively disposed on the two openings of the aforementioned at least one opening group.

[0011] According to the hub motor of the above embodiment, the housing may further include two hub spokes, the two hub spokes are spaced in an inner layer, the hub spoke spacing along the axis between the two hub spokes is D1, and the length of each opening of the above-mentioned at least one opening group along the axis is D2, satisfying the relationship 0.5≤D2 / D1≤0.7.

[0012] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a hub motor is provided, comprising a housing and a mechanism. The housing includes an annular wall, an air guide plate assembly, and an end plate. The annular wall surrounds and forms an accommodating space and includes an air guide port assembly, which includes a first air guide port and a second air guide port. The air guide plate assembly is disposed on the annular wall and cooperates with the air guide port assembly, and includes a first air guide plate and a second air guide plate. The first air guide plate protrudes from the annular wall and is at least partially located above the first air guide port of the air guide port assembly to form a first guide port communicating with the first air guide port. The second air guide plate protrudes from the annular wall and is at least partially located above the second air guide port of the air guide port assembly to form a second guide port communicating with the second air guide port, the second guide port being opposite to the first guide port. The end plate is connected to one end edge of the annular wall. The mechanism is disposed in the accommodating space and includes a central shaft, one end of which is exposed outside the end plate and has an axis. When the mechanism rotates, it drives the outer casing to allow air to enter through one of the first guide port and the second guide port, while the other allows air to exit.

[0013] In the hub motor according to the aforementioned embodiment, a virtual line can pass through the axis, a center point of the first air guide and a corresponding point on the corresponding first air guide plate, the tangent is tangent to the corresponding point, a reference line is tangent to the center point, and the angle between the tangent and the reference line is between 15 degrees and 30 degrees.

[0014] According to the hub motor of the aforementioned embodiment, the annular wall may include an outer layer, an inner layer and an opening group, the air guide plate group is disposed on the outer layer, the inner layer is located between the outer layer and the mechanism, the opening group includes two openings arranged at intervals in the inner layer and respectively corresponding to the first air guide port and the second air guide port, and the hub motor further includes a waterproof and breathable membrane group, the waterproof and breathable membrane group includes a first waterproof and breathable membrane and a second waterproof and breathable membrane respectively disposed on the two openings.

[0015] According to the hub motor of the above embodiment, the outer shell may further include two hub spokes, the two hub spokes are spaced in an inner layer, the hub spoke spacing along the axis between the two hub spokes is D1, and the length of each opening along the axis is D2, satisfying the relationship 0.5≤D2 / D1≤0.7.

Implementation Method

[0016] Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. For clarity, many practical details will be described in the following description. However, the reader should understand that these practical details are not intended to limit the invention. That is, in some embodiments of the invention, these practical details are not essential. Furthermore, for the sake of simplicity, some conventional structures and elements will be shown in the drawings in a simple schematic manner; and repeated elements may be represented by the same or similar designations.

[0017] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" used in this document are merely used to describe different components or parts, and there are no restrictions on the components / parts themselves. Therefore, the first component / part can also be referred to as the second component / part. Moreover, the combinations of components / parts / mechanisms / modules in this document are not combinations that are generally known, conventional, or familiar in this field. Whether the components / parts / mechanisms / modules themselves are familiar cannot be used to determine whether their combination relationship is easily completed by someone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field.

[0018] Please refer to Figures 1 and 2, wherein Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a hub motor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the hub motor 100 of the embodiment in Figure 1. The hub motor 100 includes a housing 110 and a mechanism 120.

[0019] The outer casing 110 includes an annular wall 112, at least one air guide plate assembly 113, and an end plate 111. The annular wall 112 surrounds and forms an accommodating space and includes at least one air guide port assembly 1121, wherein the at least one air guide port assembly 1121 includes a first air guide port 1121a and a second air guide port 1121b. In the embodiment of Figure 1, the number of the at least one air guide port assembly 1121 and the number of the at least one air guide plate assembly 113 may be equal to 3. In other embodiments, the number may be less than or equal to 3, for example, 1 or 2, and is not limited thereto.

[0020] Each air guide plate assembly 113 can be disposed on the annular wall 112 and cooperate with each air guide port assembly 1121. Each air guide plate assembly 113 includes a first air guide plate 1131 and a second air guide plate 1132. The first air guide plate 1131 protrudes from the annular wall 112 and forms a first guide port 1133 communicating with the first air guide port 1121a. The second air guide plate 1132 protrudes from the annular wall 112 and forms a second guide port 1134 communicating with the second air guide port 1121b. The second guide port 1134 is opposite to the first guide port 1133. The end plate 111 is connected to one end edge of the annular wall 112. The mechanism 120 is disposed in the accommodating space and includes a central shaft 121. One end of the central shaft 121 is exposed outside the end plate 111 and has an axis X1 (shown in Figure 3). When the movement 120 rotates, air enters through one of the first guide port 1133 and the second guide port 1134 while air exits through the other.

[0021] In this way, when the mechanism 120 rotates, the air is introduced into the accommodating space, which helps to enhance the airflow, reduce the internal temperature, and improve the heat dissipation capacity of the hub motor 100.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4, and also to Figures 1 and 2. Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the hub motor 100 of the embodiment in Figure 1, and Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the hub motor 100 of the embodiment in Figure 3 along section line 4-4. The annular wall 112 may be cylindrical to form a cylindrical receiving space. The outer casing 110 may further include another end plate 115. The end plate 115 may be integrally connected to the other end edge of the annular wall 112. Therefore, the movement 120 can be placed into the receiving space and the central shaft 121 can be passed through the end plate 115. Then, the end plate 111 can be connected to the annular wall 112 and the central shaft 121 can also be passed through the end plate 111 to complete the assembly.

[0023] The annular wall 112 may include an outer layer 1122 and an inner layer 1123. The air guide plate assembly 113 and the air guide port assembly 1121 may be disposed on the outer layer 1122, and the inner layer 1123 is located between the outer layer 1122 and the core 120. Specifically, the inner layer 1123 may be annular, and the outer layer 1122 may include three arc plates of equal size. The three arc plates are connected to form an annular shape with a diameter larger than that of the inner layer 1123, and may be disposed on the outside of the inner layer 1123. An air guide port assembly 1121 may be opened on an arc plate, that is, a first air guide port 1121a and a second air guide port 1121b are opened on an arc plate. The number of air guide port assemblies 1121 may be N1, and the central angle θ1 between the first air guide port 1121a and the second air guide port 1121b in the air guide port assembly 1121 may be equal to 360 / (N1×2). Therefore, as shown in Figure 4, the number N1 of the air vent group 1121 is 3, the center angle θ1 can be 60 degrees, and the center angle θ1 can be defined as the angle between two adjacent virtual lines L1. The definition of virtual line L1 will be explained later in the text.

[0024] The annular wall 112 may further include three opening groups (not shown), each opening group including two openings 1124, so a total of six openings 1124 are arranged in the inner layer 1123 and can respectively correspond to three first air guides 1121a and three second air guides 1121b. The number of opening groups can match the number of air guide plate groups 113. The annular wall 112 may further include six mounting slots (not shown), the six mounting slots are disposed in the inner layer 1123 and respectively correspond to the six openings 1124. Each mounting slot is slightly lower than the surface of the inner layer 1123, and each opening 1124 is opened in the bottom wall of each mounting slot. Each mounting slot and each opening 1124 is in the shape of an elongated elliptical hole, the size of the opening 1124 is slightly smaller, and it is surrounded by the bottom wall of the mounting slot.

[0025] Each first air guide plate 1131 and each second air guide plate 1132 may extend from the annular wall 112, or more specifically from the outer layer 1122. The bottom of the first air guide plate 1131 may surround at least a portion of the periphery of the first air guide port 1121a, for example, surrounding the first side edge and two end edges of the first air guide port 1121a. The first air guide plate 1131 extends obliquely upward toward the first air guide port 1121a to cover the first air guide port 1121a, and extends until the projection of the first air guide plate 1131 completely covers the first air guide port 1121a. The edge of the first air guide plate 1131 may, for example, be flush with the second side edge of the first air guide port 1121a that is not surrounded, so the second side edge and the edge of the plate may surround to form the first guide port 1133. The structure of the second air guide plate 1132 is the same as that of the first air guide plate 1131, but the second air guide plate 1132 surrounds the second side edge and two end edges of the second air guide port 1121b. Therefore, the first side edge of the second air guide port 1121b can be surrounded by the plate edge of the second air guide plate 1132 to form the second guide port 1134. Therefore, the first guide port 1133 can be regarded as facing a first direction (clockwise in Figure 4), and the second guide port 1134 can be regarded as facing a second direction (counterclockwise in Figure 4), so they are opposite. In other embodiments, the plate edge of the first air guide plate may not be flush with the second side edge of the first air guide port, but can still form a first guide port communicating with the first air guide port; the plate edge of the second air guide plate may not be flush with the first side edge of the second air guide port, but can still form a second guide port communicating with the second air guide port. The present invention is not limited thereto.

[0026] As shown in Figure 4, a virtual line L1 can pass through the axis X1, the center point C1 of the first air guide 1121a of the air guide assembly 1121, and a corresponding point C2 on the first air guide plate 1131. A tangent line T2 is tangent to the corresponding point C2, and a reference line T1 is tangent to the center point C1. The angle θ2 between the tangent line T2 and the reference line T1 is between 15 degrees and 30 degrees. Specifically, a plurality of radial lines can be formed on a plane orthogonal to the axis X1 with the axis X1 as the center. The radial line passing through the center point C1 of the first air guide plate 1131 can be defined as a virtual line L1. This virtual line L1 can extend outward and pass through the corresponding point C2 of the first air guide plate 1131. Therefore, the angle θ2 between the tangent T2 tangent to the corresponding point C2 and the baseline T1 tangent to the center point C1 can be found, and this angle θ2 should be between 15 degrees and 30 degrees, for example, 21 degrees. This effectively guides the airflow into and out of the first guide port 1133. Similarly, another virtual line can be found passing through the axis X1, the center point of the second air guide port 1121b, and the corresponding point on the second air guide plate 1132. The angle formed by the second air guide plate 1132 is the same in magnitude as the angle θ2 formed by the first air guide plate 1131, only the direction is different; details will not be elaborated further.

[0027] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, the outer shell 110 may further include two hub spokes 114, which are spaced apart and arranged in a ring around the inner layer 1123. The hub spoke spacing along axis X1 between the two hub spokes 114 is D1, and the opening length of the two openings 1124 along axis X1 is D2, satisfying the relationship 0.5≤D2 / D1≤0.7. The hub spokes 114 protrude radially outward from the inner layer 1123 and can be used to connect with wire spokes (not shown). The hub spoke spacing D1 can refer to the distance between the inner side of the two hub spokes 114 and the connection point of the inner layer 1123. In this embodiment, the hub spoke spacing D1 can be 34.66 mm, the opening length D2 is 21.10 mm, and D2 / D1=60.9%. When the condition 0.5≤D2 / D1≤0.7 is met, the structural strength can be maintained while effectively increasing the heat dissipation effect.

[0028] The hub motor 100 may further include at least one waterproof and breathable membrane assembly 130, which includes a first waterproof and breathable membrane 131 and a second waterproof and breathable membrane 132 respectively disposed at two openings 1124. The first waterproof and breathable membrane 131 and the second waterproof and breathable membrane 132 may, for example, be made of a material similar to a GORE-TEX film, such as a PTFE membrane formed by biaxial stretching to create a PTFE microporous membrane with a micropore diameter of 0.2 μm to 0.3 μm and a porosity of 82%, and then this membrane is used as an intermediate layer with fabric disposed on both sides, but is not limited thereto. The first waterproof and breathable membrane 131 and the second waterproof and breathable membrane 132 may be specifically disposed on a groove and positioned by the groove to correspond to the opening 1124.

[0029] It should be noted that in other embodiments, the annular wall may not include an inner layer and an outer layer, but only a single-layer structure. The single-layer structure has a first air guide and a second air guide. The first air guide plate and the second air guide plate protrude from the outer surface of the single-layer structure, and the first waterproof and breathable membrane and the second waterproof and breathable membrane can be directly adhered to the inner surface of the single-layer structure, as long as the first guide and the second guide can be reversed to introduce airflow into the accommodating space, and are not limited to the above disclosure.

[0030] The mechanism 120 of this invention may include components such as a central shaft 121, a one-way clutch output mechanism 122, a stator cover 123, a stator silicon steel sheet 124, a rotor 125, and a reduction mechanism 126. The central shaft 121 extends out of the housing 110 along axis X1. The one-way clutch output mechanism 122 surrounds the central shaft 121 and is adjacent to the end plate 111. The stator cover 123 surrounds the central shaft 121 and is adjacent to the end plate 115. The stator cover 123 can be rotated and limited relative to the central shaft 121. The stator silicon steel sheet 124 can be locked to the stator cover 123. The rotor 125 is radially located between the stator silicon steel sheet 124 and the central shaft 121 and is connected to the reduction mechanism 126. The reduction mechanism 126 can also be connected to the housing 110. The movement 120 may further include a stator winding (not shown) and a control board 127. The stator winding may be wound around a stator silicon steel sheet 124. The control board 127 then controls the stator winding to be energized, which can drive the rotor 125 to drive the reduction mechanism 126 and the outer casing 110 to rotate, thereby driving the wheel frame (not shown) to rotate.

[0031] When the movement 120 rotates (i.e., rotates in the first direction), it drives the outer casing 110, causing air to enter through the first guide port 1133 facing the wind and exit through the second guide port 1134 away from the wind. In this way, heat energy can be effectively discharged through the airflow. It should be noted that the movement in this case is configured to rotate in the first direction, while when the movement is configured to rotate in the second direction, air can enter through the second guide port facing the wind and exit through the first guide port away from the wind.

[0032] Furthermore, the movement 120 may be further provided with thermally conductive silicone 128 and a heat dissipation cover 129. The thermally conductive silicone 128 contacts the control board 127, and the heat dissipation cover 129 contacts the thermally conductive silicone 128 and the central shaft 121, thereby transferring heat through the central shaft 121 and the bearing (not shown) to the outer casing 110. In other embodiments, the thermally conductive silicone and heat dissipation cover may not be provided, and this is not a limitation.

[0033] As can be seen from the above embodiments, when the hub motor rotates, since some air vents face the same direction as the rotation, the air duct design allows air to be blown into the hub motor during rotation. Meanwhile, some air vents face away from the rotation direction, allowing air to be expelled using the pressure difference during rotation. In this way, air can be guided into the rotating hub motor, carrying away internal heat and achieving a heat dissipation effect. Furthermore, by installing a waterproof and breathable membrane at the air vents or openings, moisture can be effectively prevented from entering the hub motor, thus reducing the probability of damage to the hub motor.

[0034] Although the present invention has been disclosed above by way of embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims. [Simplified Explanation of the Diagram]

[0035] Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a hub motor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 shows an exploded view of the hub motor of the embodiment of Figure 1; Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the hub motor of the embodiment of Figure 1; and Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the hub motor of the embodiment of Figure 3 along the cleavage line 4-4.

Claims

1. A hub motor, comprising: a housing, including: an annular wall surrounding and forming an accommodating space and including at least one air vent assembly, the at least one air vent assembly including a first air vent and a second air vent; at least one air guide plate assembly disposed on the annular wall and cooperating with the at least one air vent assembly, the at least one air guide plate assembly including: a first air guide plate protruding from the annular wall and at least partially surrounding a portion of the first air vent of the at least one air vent assembly to form a first guide opening communicating with the first air vent, the first guide opening facing a first direction; and a second air guide plate protruding from the annular wall and at least partially surrounding a portion of the second air vent of the at least one air vent assembly to form a second guide opening communicating with the second air vent, the second guide opening facing a second direction; and an end plate connected to an end edge of the annular wall; and a mechanism disposed in the accommodating space and including a central shaft, one end of the central shaft being exposed outside the end plate and having an axis; in, When the mechanism rotates in the first direction, air enters through the first guide port and exits through the second guide port in the at least one air guide plate assembly.

2. The hub motor as described in claim 1, wherein, A virtual line passes through the axis, a center point of the first air vent of the at least one air vent group, and a corresponding point on the corresponding first air vent plate. A tangent line is tangent to the corresponding point, and a reference line is tangent to the center point. The angle between the tangent line and the reference line is between 15 degrees and 30 degrees.

3. The hub motor as described in claim 1, wherein, The number of at least one air vent group and the number of at least one air guide plate group are both less than or equal to 3.

4. The hub motor as described in claim 3, wherein, The number of the at least one air vent group is N1, and the central angle between the first air vent and the second air vent in the at least one air vent group is equal to 360 / (N1×2).

5. The hub motor as described in claim 1, wherein, The ring wall includes an outer layer, an inner layer, and at least one opening group. The at least one air guide plate group is disposed on the outer layer. The inner layer is located between the outer layer and the movement. The at least one opening group includes two openings spaced apart on the inner layer and respectively corresponding to the first air guide port and the second air guide port of the at least one air guide port group. The hub motor further includes at least one waterproof and breathable membrane group. The at least one waterproof and breathable membrane group includes a first waterproof and breathable membrane and a second waterproof and breathable membrane respectively disposed on the two openings of the at least one opening group.

6. The hub motor as described in claim 5, wherein, The outer casing further includes two hub spokes, which are spaced in a ring around the inner layer. The distance between the two hub spokes along the axis is D1, and the length of each of the two openings in the at least one opening group along the axis is D2, satisfying the relationship 0.5≤D2 / D1≤0.

7.

7. A hub motor, comprising: a housing, including: an annular wall surrounding and forming an accommodating space and including an air guide assembly, the air guide assembly including a first air guide and a second air guide; an air guide plate assembly disposed on the annular wall and cooperating with the air guide assembly, the air guide plate assembly including: a first air guide plate protruding from the annular wall and at least partially located above the first air guide of the air guide assembly to form a first guide opening communicating with the first air guide; and a second air guide plate protruding from the annular wall and at least partially located above the second air guide of the air guide assembly to form a second guide opening communicating with the second air guide, the second guide opening being opposite to the first guide opening; and an end plate connected to one end edge of the annular wall; and a mechanism disposed in the accommodating space and including a central shaft, one end of the central shaft being exposed outside the end plate and having an axis; wherein... When the mechanism rotates, it drives the outer casing to allow air to enter through one of the first guide port and the second guide port, while the other allows air to exit.

8. The hub motor as described in claim 7, wherein, A virtual line passes through the axis, a center point of the first air guide, and a corresponding point on the first air guide plate. A tangent line is tangent to the corresponding point, and a baseline is tangent to the center point. The angle between the tangent line and the baseline is between 15 degrees and 30 degrees.

9. The hub motor as described in claim 8, wherein, The ring wall includes an outer layer, an inner layer, and an opening assembly. The air guide plate assembly is disposed on the outer layer, and the inner layer is located between the outer layer and the mechanism. The opening assembly includes two openings spaced apart on the inner layer and respectively corresponding to the first air guide port and the second air guide port. The hub motor further includes a waterproof and breathable membrane assembly, which includes a first waterproof and breathable membrane and a second waterproof and breathable membrane respectively disposed on the two openings.

10. The hub motor as described in claim 9, wherein, The outer shell further includes two hub spokes, which are spaced in a ring around the inner layer. The distance between the two hub spokes along the axis is D1, and the length of each of the two openings along the axis is D2, satisfying the relationship 0.5≤D2 / D1≤0.7.

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