Swirl nozzle for the production of yarns with knots and method for interlacing yarns

Abstract

This invention relates to a vortex nozzle for producing knotted yarns, interwoven yarns, DTY, or plain weave yarns. The vortex nozzle includes a yarn channel with an air vortex chamber. The air vortex chamber includes an injection opening for introducing air into the air vortex chamber. A channel axis extends in a yarn guiding direction. The yarn channel includes a channel width transverse to the channel axis. The air vortex chamber includes a chamber length in the yarn guiding direction and a chamber extension transverse to this length. The chamber length is at least 180% of the chamber extension, preferably at least 200% of the chamber extension, and preferably, the chamber length is at least 1.5 mm longer than the chamber extension.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Invention Field

[0002] This invention relates to a vortex nozzle for producing knotted yarns, interlaced yarns, DTY or plain weave yarns, and a method for interlacing yarns with the features of generic terms with independent patent claims. Prior Technology

[0003] Background of the Invention

[0004] Various jetting devices are known in the prior art. Nozzle devices are typically used to guide, accelerate, and precisely apply fluids. Fluids can be either gases or liquids. Among other things, nozzle devices are used in textile machines to bond, form, or process yarns. The shape of the chamber in which the yarn processing is performed determines the desired result and the amount of fluid required to achieve this purpose.

[0005] In known vortex nozzles, the processing chamber typically contains an air vortex chamber into which the fluid flow is introduced and generates vortices. To achieve sufficient turbulence, high speeds are required. This is achieved by blowing air into the chamber under high pressure.

[0006] Vortex nozzles are used to process various threads, yarns, cables, or similar materials. These materials can be made of synthetic fibers (plastics, such as PE, PP, etc.). They can also be made of natural fibers (cotton, wool, raffia, etc.) or blended fibers. In this document, the term "yarn" is used to refer to all such types of materials.

[0007] Vortex nozzles are primarily used for weaving yarns made of synthetic fibers. Weaving offers several advantages, such as improved encapsulation, compensation characteristics, process running properties, or running properties in further processing. It prevents yarn breakage. It can bundle upward-pushing filaments or fibers. Furthermore, it can reduce sizing application or allow weaving without sizing. The vortex / upward vortex can be interchanged. Weaving can also combine different yarns with different properties or produce fancy yarns.

[0008] According to US 5,809,761, a nozzle device is known that includes a knitting chamber with two lateral chamber regions. In this nozzle, the yarn does not move. It is not suitable for interlacing. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Invention Summary

[0010] The objective of this invention is to overcome these and further disadvantages of the prior art. Specifically, it provides a nozzle device that offers highly efficient and reliable yarn handling. More specifically, the invention aims to allow the desired knot thickness and / or knot number of the yarn to be achieved with the lowest possible air pressure and air volume, and correspondingly low energy requirements.

[0011] These tasks are accomplished by a vortex nozzle for producing knotted yarns, DTY interwoven yarns, or plain weave yarns, as specified in the feature section of the independent request, and by a method for interwoven yarns.

[0012] The vortex nozzle according to the invention comprises a yarn channel with an air vortex chamber. The air vortex chamber has an injection port for introducing air into the air vortex chamber. A channel axis extends in the yarn guiding direction. The yarn channel has a channel width transverse to the channel axis. The air vortex chamber has a chamber length in the yarn guiding direction and a chamber extension transverse to that length. The chamber length is at least 180% of the comb-like expansion, preferably at least 200%.

[0013] Surprisingly, it has been found that the number and / or quality of ligations can be controlled by selectively choosing the shape and size of the chamber.

[0014] Typically, as described below, the chamber length, the shape or proportion of the injection opening's cross-section, the chamber expansion, or the angle of the chamber wall relative to the yarn passage wall can be selectively adjusted individually or in combination to set the desired number and / or quality of knots.

[0015] For example, a chamber length (relative to the chamber extension) between 210% and 230%, particularly about 220%, results in fewer but more stable knots. A length between 320% and 340%, particularly about 330%, results in many but less stable knots. The chamber length is preferably at least 1.5 mm longer than the chamber extension. Therefore, another aspect of the invention relates to a method for adjusting the number and / or quality of knots, wherein the shape and size of the chamber are specifically selected to define the number and / or quality of knots. Specifically, the chamber length is selected relative to the chamber extent, wherein shorter lengths are selected to form several but more stable knots, while longer lengths are selected to form more but less stable knots. In any case, the length is greater than 180% of the chamber extension and is preferably selected as described above.

[0016] The airflow vector (flow direction and intensity) within the air vortex chamber, in conjunction with the overfeed, determines the number and intensity of knots. Overfeed indicates how much longer the yarn length introduced into the nozzle exceeds the yarn length exiting from the nozzle. This excess is used for knot formation. When processing yarn in the vortex nozzle, different components of the airflow vector have different effects: the component of the airflow vector guided in the yarn guiding direction or its opposite direction affects yarn feeding and yarn tension. The component of the airflow vector transverse to these directions interweaves the yarn and is therefore essential for knot formation. The inventors have concluded that, for optimal processing, the airflow within the air vortex chamber should be guided in a manner that gives the airflow a greater transverse component than the component in the yarn feeding direction or its opposite direction. On the other hand, outside the air vortex chamber, the airflow vector should have a greater component in the yarn guiding direction to ensure sufficient yarn delivery. The airflow vector may be affected by the geometry of the air vortex chamber, the yarn passage, and the injection opening.

[0017] To achieve a sufficient number and strength of knots, as well as adequate yarn tension and guidance, conventional vortex nozzles require high air pressure and volume. By using the geometrically oriented airflow according to the present invention, the ratio of the airflow vector in the yarn guidance direction and the transverse direction is optimized to reduce air volume and pressure without compromising quality, thus saving energy.

[0018] As shown, the ratio of the chamber length of the air vortex chamber to the chamber extension transversely to the chamber length of at least 1.8 guides the airflow within the air vortex chamber through a longer region transversely to the yarn guiding direction, thereby requiring lower air pressure and air volume to ensure adequate yarn weaving. This vortex nozzle guides the airflow introduced through the injection opening, thereby reducing the amount of fluid introduced by up to 20%, while the yarn still has the required number and strength of knots after treatment.

[0019] Specifically, the chamber length can be 180%, 200%, 218%, 228%, or 330% of the chamber extension, preferably at a chamber extension of 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, or 3.5 mm. Specific values ​​can be, for example, 1.75 mm, 2.67 mm, 2.94 mm, or 3.08 mm. Preferably, the chamber length is at least 35% of the total nozzle length. The total nozzle length consists of the length of the yarn passage and the chamber length.

[0020] The chamber extension is understood here as the maximum extension of the air vortex chamber in the transverse direction to both the yarn guiding direction and the depth of the air vortex chamber.

[0021] An air vortex chamber can contain two directly continuous chamber regions, and the length of the chamber is determined by the length of the chamber regions.

[0022] The air vortex chamber may contain only one chamber region with rounded chamber walls. The radius of the rounded chamber walls may increase in the yarn feeding direction to the center of the air vortex chamber, and then decrease again.

[0023] However, the air vortex chamber may also comprise two air vortex chamber regions, the walls of which are rounded in the yarn guiding direction, with the first region having a larger radius of rounding in the yarn guiding direction than the second region. In this case, the walls of the regions preferably merge with each other without kinking.

[0024] The air vortex chamber region can have a substantially teardrop-shaped cross-section in the plane along the channel axis of the yarn channel and in the transverse direction, so that the chamber region has a circular section and a straight section. The straight section is configured to converge in the yarn guiding direction and the opposite direction, respectively.

[0025] Preferably, the injection orifice is positioned within the vortex nozzle so that the airflow enters the air vortex chamber at an angle greater than or less than 90° to the pipe axis. Preferably, the injection orifice is configured such that the airflow enters the air vortex chamber within a region smaller than the chamber's extension.

[0026] Preferably, the chamber extent is 15% to 45% of the pipe width, more preferably 15% and 35%, and even more preferably, the chamber extent is at most 5 mm wider than the pipe width, more preferably at most 3 mm. When the chamber length is 330% of the chamber extension to form numerous nodes, the chamber extension is relatively small. Typically, this chamber extension is close to 15% relative to the channel width. To create fewer but more stable nodes, a larger chamber extension is chosen, for example, 35% relative to the channel width.

[0027] This design improves airflow from the chamber into the yarn channel. The chamber extension can preferably be between 1.75 mm and 17 mm.

[0028] Preferably, the chamber length is at most 350% of the channel width, and particularly at most 30 mm larger than the channel width, preferably at most 20 mm.

[0029] Preferably, the air vortex chamber has a chamber wall having at least one wall segment that is rounded in the yarn guiding direction, the at least one wall segment having a radius between 0.3 mm and 6 mm, preferably between 0.5 mm and 2 mm.

[0030] Preferably, the chamber is convex and rounded. More preferably, the chamber wall further includes a straight wall section.

[0031] This allows air to be easily directed in a specific direction.

[0032] Preferably, the chamber wall widens from the channel wall as observed in the yarn guiding direction. Specifically, the chamber wall may be widened at an angle not exceeding 5° relative to the yarn guiding direction and the channel wall.

[0033] Preferably, the first chamber region is initially positioned in the yarn guiding direction, and the second chamber region immediately follows the first chamber region in the yarn guiding direction. At the transition from the first chamber region to the second chamber region, the chamber has a contraction section, such that the chamber extension in both the first and second chamber regions is greater than the chamber extension at the transition section.

[0034] This allows for airflow separation. By separating the air clumps in a certain way, the amount of air per chamber area can be controlled, in addition to the injection angle.

[0035] An air vortex chamber may also comprise more than two chamber regions separated from each other by a constriction. The air vortex chamber may include other structures for guiding airflow, such as surface structures, ribs, edges, constrictions, or widening sections. The air vortex chamber may include a coating for creating vortices in the air.

[0036] The first chamber region may have a first chamber depth that extends laterally to the chamber length and the chamber extension, and the second chamber region may have a second chamber depth that extends laterally to the chamber length and the chamber extension, wherein the chamber depths may be different.

[0037] According to another embodiment of the invention, the vortex nozzle comprises a yarn channel having an air vortex chamber. The air vortex chamber has an injection opening for introducing air into the air vortex chamber. The channel axis extends in the yarn guiding direction. According to the invention, the injection opening has a cross-section having at least one circular portion and at least one air guiding portion, wherein the air guiding portion is straight or has a radius of curvature at least 10 times larger than the radius of curvature of the circular portion.

[0038] The cross-sectional geometry of the air injection opening has a direct impact on the mass of the turbulence and the vector of the flow direction.

[0039] Preferably, the air duct section is not parallel to the duct axis. In a vortex nozzle, the lateral airflow determines the yarn weaving. If more air is guided in the lateral direction, the yarn will weave more and form more and stronger knots.

[0040] Preferably, in cross-section, the injection opening comprises exactly four straight air duct sections, which are arranged in a substantially rhomboid shape and preferably interconnected by rounded corners forming circular sections. Preferably, the first line of symmetry of the rhomboid shape is arranged parallel to and preferably coincides with the pipe axis, such that the first corner of the rhomboid shape points in the direction of line guidance, the second corner points in the opposite direction to the direction of line guidance, and the third and fourth corners are arranged facing away from each other in a common plane perpendicular to the first line of symmetry.

[0041] Therefore, the airflow is easily guided during the blowing stage. The cross-sectional shape can alternatively be triangular or polygonal, wherein the corners are rounded in each case. Preferably, the shape contains an even number of rounded corners, and the cross-sectional shape is configured in the air vortex chamber such that the corners are guided in both the yarn guiding direction and the opposite direction.

[0042] The cross-sectional shape can also be trapezoidal or kite-shaped.

[0043] It has been shown that the number and stability of knots can be affected by the choice of cross-sectional shape. A rhomboid injection opening produces fewer but more stable knots. A kite-shaped injection opening produces more but less stable knots.

[0044] Preferably, the corners of the rhombus shape are rounded.

[0045] Preferably, the injection opening comprises a cross-section having an opening length in the yarn guiding direction and an opening width transverse to the opening length. The opening length and opening width are different, and in particular, the ratio between the opening length and opening width is between 1.0 and 1.5. Typically, the smaller ratio of 1.0 is used to produce a large number of knots.

[0046] Therefore, a rhombus includes an angle between its sides greater than or less than 90°. Preferably, the obtuse-angled curve includes a different radius than the curve with an acute-angled corner.

[0047] Alternatively, the cross-section of the injection opening may be at least approximately elliptical.

[0048] The specific choice of opening width and length allows for the redirection of airflow in a particular direction: if the opening length is greater than the opening width, the angle at which air flows into the chamber at maximum speed changes. This allows for the guidance of airflow.

[0049] Preferably, the opening length is less than the opening width, and preferably, the first and second corners of the rhombus shape are rounded with a larger radius than the third and fourth corners.

[0050] Alternatively, the opening width may be less than the opening length, wherein preferably, the third and fourth corners of the rhombus shape are rounded with a radius larger than that of the first and second corners.

[0051] Depending on the yarn being processed, this specific opening selection allows for precise alignment of airflow and volume, and thus allows for air velocity.

[0052] Another aspect of the invention relates to a vortex nozzle having a yarn channel with an air vortex chamber having an injection opening for introducing air into the air vortex chamber. Specifically, the vortex nozzle is as previously described. The channel axis extends in the yarn guiding direction. The yarn channel has a channel width transverse to the channel axis. The air vortex chamber has a chamber length in the yarn guiding direction and a chamber extension transverse to this length. The air vortex chamber and / or the injection opening are formed and arranged in the yarn channel such that air introduced through the injection opening is guided in a vector having a transverse component transverse to the channel axis inside the air vortex chamber that is greater than the axial component along the channel axis, and an axial component that is greater than the transverse component outside the air vortex chamber.

[0053] In a vortex nozzle, the airflow guided laterally to the channel axis causes more yarn weaving, thus determining the formation of knots in the yarn. The axial airflow transports the yarn in the yarn guiding direction, thus generating stronger yarn tension. Because the airflow in the air vortex chamber is more lateral than the axial direction, more knots are created in the yarn. If more air is guided axially outside the air vortex chamber, sufficient yarn tension is maintained to ensure a stable process. If the yarn tension is too low, the yarn vibrates too much in front of the nozzle, potentially causing breakage. Here, the lateral component always includes both radial and tangential components, because the radial component determines the number of knots and the tangential component of the yarn tension.

[0054] The air vortex chamber can be designed such that air vortices are generated over at least 40% of the total nozzle length. The total jet length includes the length of the yarn passage and the chamber length of the air vortex chamber.

[0055] Preferably, the lateral component includes a larger radial component than the tangential component.

[0056] The air therefore generates more vortices, which in turn causes the yarn to generate more vortices, resulting in stronger and more numerous knots.

[0057] Alternatively, the lateral component has more tangential components than the radial component.

[0058] This situation causes more yarn to be guided out of the nozzle, thus creating more yarn tension.

[0059] Alternatively, the task was solved by a method for interlacing yarns. The yarn is guided along the yarn channel axis of the vortex nozzle. Air is introduced into the air vortex chamber and guided as a vector within the air vortex chamber. The vector inside the air vortex chamber contains more transverse components to the channel axis than the axial component along the channel axis, and the vector outside the air vortex chamber contains more axial components than transverse components.

[0060] This provides a simple method to ensure that the yarn achieves a large number of strong knots under low air volume or pressure. Simple Explanation of the Diagram

[0061] The invention is described in more detail in the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate the following: Figure 1: Top view of a first embodiment of the vortex nozzle for producing several stable knots according to the present invention. Figure 2: Detail D from Figure 1 Figure 3: Injection opening from Figure 1, Figure 4: Top view of a second embodiment of the vortex nozzle according to the present invention. Figures 5a to 5d: Representation of airflow velocity in an injection opening with a circular cross-section and velocity scale. Figures 6a to 6d: Representation of airflow velocity in the case of injection openings with rhomboid cross-sections and velocity scales. Figures 7a to 7d: Representation of the velocity of the airflow in a vortex nozzle with an air vortex chamber according to the prior art, wherein the air vortex chamber has a chamber length smaller than the chamber extension and velocity scale. Figures 8a to 8d: Representation of the airflow velocity in a vortex nozzle with an air vortex chamber, wherein the air vortex chamber has a chamber length that is larger than the chamber extension and velocity scale. Figure 9: Side-by-side view of airflow diagrams for various embodiments of the vortex nozzle. Figure 10: Cross-section through the vortex nozzle along the yarn guiding direction, and Figures 11a and 11b: Examples of interlaced yarns, Figure 12: Top view of another embodiment of the invention for producing a multi-layered nozzle with relatively unstable knots. Figure 13: Injection opening from Figure 12. Implementation

[0062] Detailed Description of Preferred Embodiments

[0063] Figure 1 shows a top view of a first embodiment of a vortex nozzle 100 according to the present invention. The shape, size, and geometry of the nozzle are designed to produce several but stable knots. The vortex nozzle 100 includes a nozzle plate 10 having a yarn channel 1 with two channel sections 1a and 1b and an air vortex chamber 2 located between sections 1a and 1b. The yarn guiding direction F extends along the central axes Ma and Mb of the channel sections 1a and 1b. The air vortex chamber 2 includes two chamber regions 2a and 2b. An injection opening 4 is disposed at the transition between the first chamber region 2a and the second chamber region 2b, through which airflow is injected into the air vortex chamber 2.

[0064] Along the guiding direction F, the first channel section 1a is first configured, followed by the first chamber section 2a, the second chamber section 2b, and then the second channel section 1b.

[0065] The inlet section 3a is located at the inlet of the first channel section 1a, while the outlet section 3b is located at the outlet of the second channel section 1b. Channel section 1a is shorter than channel section 1b. Both channel sections have an extension 21 of 1.7 mm in the direction of the drawing plane. The nozzle plate 10 has a substantially mirror-symmetrical configuration with respect to a plane passing through the central axes Ma and Mb and perpendicular to the plate surface.

[0066] The nozzle plate 10 includes a base surface 13 having a profile that substantially comprises two straight edges 15a and 15b arranged opposite each other and two rounded edges 16a and 16b also arranged opposite each other. Each straight edge has a large, substantially trapezoidal indentation 14a and 14b, the axes of symmetry of which lie on central axes Ma and Mb. On each of the rounded edges, protrusions 12a and 12b are disposed for mounting the nozzle to a support. The protrusions 12a and 12b have substantially the same radius as the rounded edges 16a and 16b. However, the protrusions 12a and 12b are shorter than these edges.

[0067] The nozzle plate 10 further includes two circular openings 11a and 11b extending through the nozzle plate 10.

[0068] The air vortex chamber 2 has a chamber length 29 of 4.69 mm and a chamber extension 28 of 2.32 mm in the yarn guiding direction F. The chamber extension 28 should be understood as the maximum extension of the air vortex chamber 2 transverse to the chamber length 29 in the plate plane. This chamber extension 28 and this chamber length 29 result in a length-to-extension ratio of 2.02.

[0069] The nozzle plate 10 is connected to the cover plate to close the channel sections 1a and 1b and the air vortex chamber 2. One or more yarns are introduced into and pass through the air vortex chamber 2, while compressed air is applied to the one or more yarns through the injection opening 4. This creates a knot in the one or more yarns.

[0070] Because the air vortex chamber 2 is longer relative to the expansion, on the one hand, more air is guided in the lateral direction than in the shorter chamber, and on the other hand, the air is guided in the longer region in this lateral direction.

[0071] The airflow vector component transverse to the yarn guiding direction is responsible for interlacing, and therefore for the number and strength of knots. In this case, more and tighter knots are formed because the yarn interlaces more over a longer area.

[0072] Figure 2 shows details D from Figure 1. A processing chamber 2 with two chamber regions 2a and 2b can be seen. Chamber region 2a has a first chamber width 22 transverse to the central axis Ma, and the second chamber region 2b has a second chamber width 23 transverse to the central axis Mb. A contraction portion 5 is disposed between chamber regions 2a and 2b. That is, the chamber width 22 of the first chamber region 2a and the chamber width 23 of the second chamber region 2b are greater than the chamber width 51 between chamber regions 2a and 2b. The chamber width 23 of the second chamber region 2b is equal to or greater than (preferably about 5%) the chamber width 22 of the first chamber region 2a. The chamber length here is approximately 200% of the chamber range. Chamber regions 2a and 2b have a teardrop-shaped cross-section in the plate plane, wherein the region has a rounded region and a straight region converging in the linear guidance direction.

[0073] This contraction 5 causes the airflow to be separated, thereby creating two regions in which the air and therefore the yarn generate vortices in different ways.

[0074] The first chamber region 2a has a first region length 24 parallel to the central axes Ma and Mb, which is equal to or greater than the second region length 25 of the second chamber region 2b parallel to the central axes Ma and Mb. The chamber length 29 of the air vortex chamber 2 is composed of the first region length 24 and the second region length 25, and is 5.1 mm.

[0075] The chamber walls of chambers 2a and 2b are each angled away from the wall of the yarn passage. The chamber wall of the first chamber 2a has an angle P of approximately 18° to 20° (specifically 19°) with the wall of the yarn passage, and the chamber wall of the second chamber 2b also has an angle S of 18° to 20°. Smaller angles (see also Figures 12 and 13 below) are used to produce more knots, while larger angles are used to produce fewer but more stable knots. The lengths of regions 24 and 25 are determined by the chamber expansion (i.e., the width of the air vortex chamber) and the angle. The width and / or angle of the air vortex chambers may be the same or different.

[0076] However, other sizes and geometries are also conceivable. The geometry described above can also be used for nozzle lengths of up to 45 mm and channel widths of up to 12 mm. For example, the radius in the yarn channel base can then be adjusted accordingly.

[0077] Figure 3 shows the injection opening 4 from an embodiment example of Figure 1. The chamber regions 2a and 2b of the air vortex chamber 2 (see Figure 1) are arranged one after the other, such that the air vortex chamber 2 (see Figure 1) has a narrowing 5 at the transition between chamber regions 2a and 2b. The injection opening 4 is located at the transition between chamber regions 2a and 2b. A large portion of the cross-section of the injection opening 4 opens into the first chamber region 2a.

[0078] The injection opening 4 has a cross-sectional shape that is essentially a parallelogram with rounded corners 41-44. The rounded corners 41-44 are rounded sections. The sides of the parallelogram shape are air-guiding sections 45, which guide air in a certain direction. The first corner 41 points towards the yarn guiding direction F, and the second corner 42 points towards the opposite direction of the yarn guiding device, such that the lines of symmetry 40 of the parallelogram shape are arranged along the central axes Ma and Mb. Both the first corner 41 and the second corner 42 are rounded with a radius of 0.2 mm to 2.5 mm. The third corner 43 and the fourth corner 44 are both in a plane perpendicular to the central axes Ma and Mb, and are both rounded with a radius of 0.3 mm to 3 mm. The angle between the straight sections is approximately 50° for acute angles and approximately 130° for obtuse angles. The width of the blow-in opening is typically 1 mm to 10 mm, preferably about 1.32 mm, and the length is 0.8 mm to 7 mm, preferably about 0.99 mm, and thus the width-to-length ratio is about 1.33:1.

[0079] If the injection opening has a parallelogram or rhomboid shape as shown, the air is gradually guided in a direction transverse to the guiding line, which has components in both the tangential and radial directions. The corners 41 and 42 on the line of symmetry in the guiding line direction are blunt, while the other corners 43 and 44 are sharp. The angle of the corners affects the direction of the airflow, allowing the angle to be adjusted depending on whether the airflow contains more tangential or radial components.

[0080] Figure 4 shows a top view of a second embodiment of the vortex nozzle 100 according to the present invention. The vortex nozzle 100 of this embodiment has a nozzle plate 110 that is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the differences from the first embodiment will be discussed only below.

[0081] The air vortex chamber 102 of this embodiment has two chamber portions. The chamber wall 127a of the first chamber portion, positioned in the yarn guiding direction F, has a rounded corner with a radius in the yarn guiding direction. This radius is larger than the radius of the rounded corner of the wall portion 127b of the second chamber portion in the yarn guiding direction F. The radius of the rounded corner of the first wall portion 127a can vary. Typically, this radius is approximately 25 mm. The radius of the rounded corner of the second wall portion 127b can also vary and is approximately 15 mm.

[0082] In the embodiment shown here, the chamber length 129 of the air vortex chamber 102 is 6.85 mm, and the chamber extension 128 is 3 mm. The extension 121 of the yarn passage 101 is 2.4 mm.

[0083] The injection opening 104 comprises a cross-sectional shape of a parallelogram with rounded corners, which is substantially the same as that shown in FIG3.

[0084] The injection opening 104 is configured to allow airflow to enter the air vortex chamber 102 at an angle of less than 90°.

[0085] Figure 5a shows a nozzle with an injection opening having a circular cross-section, as used in prior art vortex nozzles. Simulations were performed to illustrate the effect of the cross-sectional shape on airflow. The simulations in Figures 5b to 5d (and also 6b to 6d) are based on a vortex nozzle with a yarn channel but no air vortex chamber.

[0086] The injection opening, which is known in itself, can also be configured in the air vortex chamber 2 of the vortex nozzle according to the invention, as shown in FIG1 or 4.

[0087] Figure 5b shows the scale of the flow velocity at the locations shown in Figures 5c and 5d.

[0088] Figure 5c shows the airflow velocity in a top view from the nozzle of Figure 5a. It can be seen that the airflow with the highest velocity 70 in region 150 mainly flows in the yarn guiding direction F or the opposite direction. Region 151 with a relatively high velocity 71 is mainly located at the yarn channel walls and is also guided in the yarn guiding direction F or the opposite direction. However, between the yarn channel walls in region 151, there are mainly regions with relatively low velocities 72 or 73 at the center, which are guided in the yarn guiding direction F or the opposite direction.

[0089] Figure 5d shows a side view of the flow velocity of the nozzle of Figure 5a. The airflow is mainly guided to the center of the yarn channel in region 152 of the injection opening, that is, region 152 with a high velocity of 70 exists in the center of the yarn channel in the region of the injection opening with a lateral component. In region 153, there are occasionally also regions of high-velocity flow vectors in the lateral direction in the center of the yarn channel. However, the high-velocity regions here are increasingly guided in the direction of yarn guiding or in the opposite direction along the wall opposite to the inlet opening.

[0090] Figure 6a shows an injection opening with an oblique cross-section but no air vortex chamber to illustrate the effect of nozzle opening geometry on airflow.

[0091] Figure 6b shows the scale of the flow rate.

[0092] Figure 6c shows a top view of the flow velocity at the nozzle. This illustration shows that, compared to Figure 5c, the injection orifice with a rhomboid cross-section has a larger region 160 with a high flow velocity 70, and the flow deviates more from the yarn guiding direction F or its opposite direction. Furthermore, Figure 6c shows that the nozzle with an injection orifice having an oblique cross-section has a larger region 161 with a relatively high flow velocity 71, and this is also more pronounced at the center between the walls of the yarn channel than in Figure 5c.

[0093] Figure 6d shows a side view of the flow velocity of the nozzle of Figure 6a. Figure 6d also shows a nozzle with a diamond-shaped injection orifice having a larger region 163 with a relatively high velocity 71, which is also more directed to the center between the channel walls compared to the nozzle shown in Figure 5d.

[0094] Figure 7a shows a prior art nozzle with a circular orifice and a chamber length smaller than the chamber size.

[0095] Figure 7b shows the scale of the flow rate.

[0096] Figure 7c shows a top view of the flow velocity from the nozzle of Figure 7a. It can be seen that the flow has several high-velocity regions 170, where the flow is transverse to the yarn guiding direction. Outside the chamber, there is a region 171 where the flow has a relatively high velocity 71 and operates primarily in the yarn guiding direction or the opposite direction.

[0097] Figure 7d shows a side view of the flow velocity of the nozzle of Figure 7a. Here, the flow is primarily guided in the transverse direction in region 172 of the injection opening. In a small region 173 outside the chamber, the flow has a high velocity and is guided in opposite directions in the yarn guiding direction.

[0098] Figure 8a shows a nozzle with an air vortex chamber according to the present invention, the air vortex chamber having a chamber length that is 2.5 times larger than the chamber expansion.

[0099] Figure 8b shows the scale of the flow rate.

[0100] Figure 8c shows a top view of the flow velocity of the nozzle in Figure 8a. It can be seen that the flow has a large region in the chamber with a high velocity 71 guided in a direction transverse to the yarn guiding direction F, and a high velocity 71 guided in the opposite direction to the yarn guiding direction F in the middle of the region 180 in the yarn guiding direction.

[0101] Figure 8d shows a side view of the flow velocity from the nozzle of Figure 8a. It can be seen that in the larger regions 182 and 183, compared to what is shown in Figure 7d, the flow is more concentrated in the center between the walls of the yarn channel, i.e., more concentrated in the direction transverse to the yarn guiding direction F. The flow in region 183 near the injection opening has a high velocity 71, while the flow in region 182 has a slightly lower velocity 73. Therefore, there is less airflow in the yarn guiding direction F.

[0102] Figure 9 shows a side-by-side representation of the airflow from various nozzles.

[0103] Figure 80 shows the airflow of a nozzle without an air vortex chamber, as shown in Figure 5a.

[0104] Figure 81 shows the airflow of a nozzle with an air vortex chamber having a chamber length smaller than the chamber size, as shown in Figure 7a.

[0105] Figure 82 illustrates the airflow of a nozzle with an air vortex chamber according to the invention, the air vortex chamber having a chamber length of 1.6 times the chamber extension.

[0106] Figure 83 illustrates the airflow of a nozzle with an air vortex chamber according to the invention, the air vortex chamber having a chamber length exceeding twice the chamber extension. In Figure 80, the airflow is distributed such that a relatively small amount of airflow is concentrated in the center. Line 84 shows that increasing the chamber length results in an increased directionality of the flow toward the center.

[0107] Figure 10 shows a simplified cross-section through the nozzle plate 10 in the yarn guiding direction. The yarn channel 1 has an air vortex chamber 2 at its center, and the injection opening 4 opens at an angle to the air vortex chamber 2 in the yarn guiding direction F.

[0108] Figures 11a and 11b show examples of interwoven DTY yarn (Figure 11a) and interwoven plain weave yarn (Figure 11b).

[0109] Figures 12 and 13 illustrate another embodiment of the nozzle according to the invention, similar to the representation of the first embodiment in Figures 1 and 2. The same reference numerals denote the same components as in Figures 1 and 2 and will not be described further. Compared to the embodiments in Figures 1 and 2, the nozzles according to Figures 12 and 13 are designed to produce more and therefore less stable nodes.

[0110] The channel sections 1a and 1b have an extension of 1.7 mm in the direction of the drawing plane 21.

[0111] The air vortex chamber 2 has a chamber length 29 of 6.74 mm and a chamber expansion 28 of 2.0 mm in the yarn guiding direction F. This chamber expansion 28 and this chamber length 29 result in a length-to-expansion ratio of approximately 3.37.

[0112] The chamber walls of chambers 2a and 2b are each positioned at an angle of approximately 6° away from the wall of the yarn passage. This arrangement is used to create numerous knots.

[0113] Figure 13 shows the injection opening 4 from an embodiment example of Figure 12. A small portion of the cross-section of the injection opening 4 leads to the first chamber region 2a.

[0114] The injection opening 4 has a kite-shaped cross-sectional shape with rounded corners and rounded boundaries in the chamber region 2a.

[0115] The injection opening 4 has a width B of about 1.13 mm and a length L of about 1.1 mm, and therefore has a width-to-length ratio of about 1:1.

[0116] The kite has an asymmetrical shape: its length is 0.5 mm in the comb-like region 2a and 0.6 mm in the chamber region 2b.

[0117] 1,101: Yarn passage 1a, 1b: Passage Section 2,102: Air Vortex Chamber 2a, 2b: Chamber regions 3a: Entrance Area 3b: Export Region 4,104: Injection opening 5: Shrinkage section 10: Nozzle plate 11a, 11b: Circular opening 12a, 12b: Protrusions 13: Substrate surface 14a, 14b: Indentation 15a, 15b: Straight edge 16a, 16b: Rounded edges 21,121: Extension 22: Width of the first chamber 23: Width of the second chamber 24: Length of the first zone; Length of the region 25: Second zone length; area length 28: Chamber extension; chamber expansion 29,129: Chamber length 40: Line of Symmetry 41~44: Rounded corners 45: Air Guide Zone 51: Chamber width 70: Top speed 71: Relatively high speed 72: Relatively low speed 73: Low speed 80, 81, 82, 83: Graphics 84: Line 100, 110: Vortex nozzle 127a: Chamber wall; first wall portion 127b: Wall portion; First wall portion 128: Chamber extension 150,151,160,161,163,170,171,172,173,180,182,183,152,153: District / Region / District B: Width D: Details F: Yarn guiding direction L: Length Ma, Mb: Central axis P,S: Angle

Claims

1. A vortex nozzle (100) for producing knotted yarn, interlaced yarn, DTY yarn or plain weave yarn, comprising a yarn channel (1) having an air vortex chamber (2), wherein the air vortex chamber (2) has an injection opening (4) for introducing air into the air vortex chamber (2), wherein, viewed in a yarn guiding direction (F), a chamber wall of the air vortex chamber (2) is widened, a channel axis (Ma, Mb) extends in the yarn guiding direction (F), the yarn channel (1) has a channel width (21) transverse to the channel axis (Ma, Mb), and the air vortex chamber (2) has a chamber length (29) in the yarn guiding direction (F) and a chamber extension (28) transverse to the chamber length, characterized in that: the chamber length (29) is at least 180% of the chamber extension (28).

2. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 1, wherein the chamber extension (28) is 15% to 45% wider than the channel width (21).

3. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the chamber length (29) is at most 350% of the channel width (21).

4. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 1, wherein the chamber wall comprises at least one rounded wall segment.

5. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 4, wherein the chamber wall comprises a plurality of straight wall sections.

6. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 1, wherein, when viewed in the yarn guiding direction, the chamber wall widens from a channel wall.

7. The vortex nozzle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air vortex chamber (2) includes a first chamber region (2a) and a second chamber region (2b), wherein the first chamber region (2a) is first disposed in the yarn guiding direction (F) and the second chamber region (2b) immediately follows the first chamber region (2a) in the yarn guiding direction (F), wherein at the transition from the first chamber region (2a) to the second chamber region (2b), the air vortex chamber (2) has a contraction (5) such that the chamber extension (28) in the first chamber region (2a) and the second chamber region (2b) is greater than the chamber extension (28) at the transition.

8. The vortex nozzle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the injection opening (4) has a cross-section having at least one rounded circular portion and at least one air guiding portion, the air guiding portion being straight or having a radius of curvature at least 10 times larger than the radius of curvature of the circular portion.

9. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 8, wherein the air guide section is configured at an angle to the channel axis.

10. The vortex nozzle (100) as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the injection opening includes exactly four air guide sections in cross-section, the air guide sections being substantially configured in a rhomboid shape.

11. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 10, wherein the corners of the rhomboid shape are rounded.

12. The vortex nozzle (100) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the injection opening (4) includes a cross section having an opening length in the yarn guiding direction (F) and an opening width transverse to the opening length, wherein the opening length and the opening width are different.

13. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 10, wherein the orifice length is less than the orifice width.

14. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 10, wherein the orifice width is less than the orifice length.

15. The vortex nozzle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air vortex chamber (2) and / or the injection opening (4) in the yarn channel (1) are designed and configured such that air introduced through the injection opening (4) is guided in a vector that includes a transverse component to the channel axis more than the axial component along the channel axis inside the air vortex chamber (2) and an axial component more than the transverse component outside the air vortex chamber (2).

16. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 15, wherein the lateral components comprise a radial component that is greater than the tangential components.

17. The vortex nozzle (100) as described in claim 15, wherein the lateral components include more tangential components than radial components.

18. The vortex nozzle (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chamber length (29) is at least 1.5 mm longer than the chamber extension (28).

19. A method for interlacing yarn, wherein the yarn is guided along a channel axis of a yarn channel (1) of a vortex nozzle (100), and introduced air is guided in a vector inside an air vortex chamber (2), the vortex nozzle (100) being the vortex nozzle (100) as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the vector inside the air vortex chamber includes a transverse component transverse to the channel axis greater than the axial component along the channel axis, and outside the air vortex chamber (2) includes an axial component greater than the transverse component.

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