Optical modules and near-eye display

Abstract

An optical module includes an array of red-emitting chips, an array of green-emitting chips, an array of blue-emitting chips, and a flat-panel optical element. The red-emitting chip array emits red excitation light. The green-emitting chip array emits green excitation light. The blue-emitting chip array emits blue excitation light. The red, green, and blue excitation lights pass through the flat-panel optical element to form multiple light spots. Each light spot includes a red light spot, a green light spot, and a blue light spot formed after one of the red excitation lights, one of the green excitation lights, and one of the blue excitation lights pass through the flat-panel optical element. A near-eye display is also proposed.

Description

Optical modules and near-eye displays The invention relates to an optical module and a near-eye display. In recent years, head-mounted displays (HMDs), such as augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), and virtual reality (VR), have become increasingly popular products on the market. Laser display technology, due to its advantages in miniaturization and high efficiency, as well as the advantages of optical chips in semiconductor packaging, has begun to be applied to HMDs. However, existing laser display technology requires assembly of independent components, including edge-emitting lasers, reflectors, collimators, prisms, and light valves. This large number of components results in a large light source module, high assembly precision requirements, and high costs. Furthermore, existing laser display technology can only provide display specifications of 720p and 30fps. However, 4K display specifications with high refresh rates (such as 240fps) have gradually become standard requirements for display devices. Furthermore, existing head-mounted display devices use independent cameras as sensing devices, which results in a bulky system if they are to be combined with interactive interfaces such as eye tracking and face tracking. The present invention provides an optical module and a near-eye display using the optical module, which can effectively reduce the volume of the system. One embodiment of the present invention provides an optical module for generating an illumination beam, and includes a red light emitting chip array, a green light emitting chip array, a blue light emitting chip array, and a flat optical element. The red light emitting chip array includes a plurality of independently driven red light emitting chips, each for emitting red excitation light. The green light emitting chip array includes a plurality of independently driven green light emitting chips, each for emitting green excitation light. The blue light emitting chip array includes a plurality of independently driven blue light emitting chips, each for emitting blue excitation light. The red light, green light, and blue light excitation lights form a plurality of light spots after passing through the flat optical element. Each light spot includes a red light spot, a green light spot, and a blue light spot formed after one of the red excitation lights, one of the green excitation lights, and one of the blue excitation lights pass through the flat optical element. The red light, green light, and blue light excitation lights pass through the flat optical element to form an illumination beam. In one embodiment of the present invention, the red, green or blue light emitting chip is a vertical cavity surface emitting laser chip, a micro light emitting diode chip or a micro organic light emitting diode chip. In one embodiment of the present invention, the flat optical element includes a plurality of stacked metasurfaces. In one embodiment of the present invention, the red, green or blue light emitting chips are arranged in an N×M array, where N≥1 and M≥2. In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical module further includes a plurality of first sensors, which are respectively arranged in a red light emitting chip array, a green light emitting chip array and a blue light emitting chip array, and are used to sense light scattered to the first sensors from the red light excitation light, the green light excitation light and the blue light excitation light. In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical module further includes a light-emitting chip driver and a redistribution substrate. The light-emitting chip driver is electrically connected to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array. The red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array are disposed between the flat optical element and the light-emitting chip driver. The redistribution substrate is electrically connected to the light-emitting chip driver and is disposed on a side of the light-emitting chip driver opposite the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array. In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical module further includes a sensor array comprising a plurality of independently driven second sensors. In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical module further includes a light-emitting chip driver, a sensing chip driver, and a redistribution substrate. The light-emitting chip driver is electrically connected to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array. The red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array are disposed between the flat optical element and the light-emitting chip driver. The sensing chip driver is electrically connected to the sensor array. The sensor array is disposed between the flat optical element and the sensing chip driver. The redistribution substrate is electrically connected to the light-emitting chip driver and the sensing chip driver and is disposed on a side of the light-emitting chip driver opposite to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array. In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical module further includes an infrared light emitting chip array. The infrared light emitting chip array includes multiple independently driven infrared light emitting chips, each configured to emit infrared excitation light. The sensor array is configured to receive multiple reflected lights from ambient light or the infrared excitation light. In one embodiment of the present invention, the flat optical element includes a plurality of sub-flat optical elements, which are respectively arranged on the optical paths of the red excitation light, the green excitation light, and the blue excitation light. In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical module further includes a transparent substrate. The transparent substrate includes a light-emitting chip driver. The light-emitting chip driver is electrically connected to a red light-emitting chip array, a green light-emitting chip array, and a blue light-emitting chip array. The red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array are disposed between the flat optical element and the transparent substrate. In one embodiment of the present invention, the optical module further includes a light-emitting chip driver. The light-emitting chip driver is electrically connected to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array. The flat optical element includes a redistribution structure electrically connected to the light-emitting chip driver. After being emitted from the red, green, and blue light-emitting chip arrays, the red, green, and blue excitation light respectively first passes through the light-emitting chip driver before being transmitted to the flat optical element. In one embodiment of the present invention, the flat optical element includes a redistribution structure and a light-emitting chip driver. The light-emitting chip driver is electrically connected to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array, and the redistribution structure is electrically connected to the light-emitting chip driver. In one embodiment of the present invention, the pitch between the red light emitting chips, the green light emitting chips, or the blue light emitting chips is P1. The pitch between the light spots formed after the red excitation light, the green excitation light, or the blue excitation light passes through the flat optical element is P2, and P2<P1. One embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display comprising a plurality of the aforementioned optical modules, a controller, and a waveguide combiner. The controller is electrically connected to the optical modules and is configured to convert an illumination beam into multiple image beams. The waveguide combiner comprises a light input region and a light output region. The optical modules are disposed adjacent to the light input region. After the light input region receives the image beams, the waveguide combiner transmits the image beams to the light output region, where they are then emitted. In one embodiment of the present invention, the near-eye display further includes a light valve disposed on a side of the waveguide combiner opposite the optical module and configured to convert the illumination beam into an image beam. After exiting the optical module, the illumination beam passes through the waveguide combiner and is then transmitted to the light valve. In one embodiment of the present invention, the waveguide combiner includes a first grating coupler and a second grating coupler. The first grating coupler is disposed at the light entrance region and is configured to receive an image beam, allowing the image beam to enter the waveguide combiner. The second grating coupler is disposed at the light exit region and is configured to allow the image beam to exit the light exit region. One embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display, which includes a plurality of the above-mentioned optical modules, a controller, and a waveguide combiner. The controller is electrically connected to the optical module and is used to convert the illumination light beam into a plurality of image light beams. The waveguide combiner has a light input area and a light output area. The optical module is arranged next to the light input area. After the light input area receives the image light beam, the waveguide combiner transfers the image light beam to the light output area, and the image light beam is then emitted from the light output area. After emitting from the light source module, the infrared light excites the light through the waveguide combiner and then emits from the side opposite to the light source module. In one embodiment of the present invention, the waveguide combiner includes a third grating coupler and a fourth grating coupler. The third grating coupler is configured to receive a plurality of reflected lights after reflection of ambient light or infrared excitation light. The fourth grating coupler is disposed at the light entrance region and configured to allow the ambient light or reflected light to exit from the light entrance region. The fourth grating coupler is aligned with the sensor array, allowing the ambient light or reflected light to enter the sensor array. One embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display, which includes a plurality of the above-mentioned optical modules, a controller, an infrared light emitting chip array, a sensor array, and a waveguide combiner. The controller is electrically connected to the optical module and is used to convert the illumination light beam into a plurality of image light beams. The infrared light emitting chip array includes a plurality of independently driven infrared light emitting chips, each of which is used to emit infrared excitation light. The sensor array includes a plurality of independently driven second sensors, which are used to sense a plurality of reflected lights after the ambient light or the infrared excitation light is reflected. The optical module, the infrared light emitting chip array, and the sensor array are arranged on one side of the waveguide combiner. The image beam is emitted in a direction opposite to the waveguide combiner. After entering the waveguide combiner from this side of the waveguide combiner, the infrared excitation light is transmitted through the waveguide combiner and then emitted from the other side of the waveguide combiner. After entering the waveguide combiner from the other side of the waveguide combiner, the ambient light or reflected light is transmitted through the waveguide combiner and then emitted from this side of the waveguide combiner and transmitted to the sensor array. Based on the above, in an optical module of one embodiment of the present invention or a near-eye display using the optical module, the optical module includes a red light emitting chip array, a green light emitting chip array, a blue light emitting chip array, and a flat optical element. The red, green, and blue excitation lights emitted by the red light emitting chip array, the green light emitting chip array, and the blue light emitting chip array pass through the flat optical element to form a plurality of light spots. Each light spot includes a red light spot, a green light spot, and a blue light spot formed after one of the red excitation lights, one of the green excitation lights, and one of the blue excitation lights pass through the flat optical element. Therefore, the optical module simplifies the design of the module, making the module smaller, requiring lower assembly precision, and reducing costs. Furthermore, the near-eye display using the optical module of the embodiment of the present invention can utilize the advantage of the fast response speed of the light emitting chip to achieve the effect of a high refresh rate of the display screen. Moreover, the optical system can use multiple optical modules to generate a display screen, thereby providing a high-resolution display screen. FIG1A is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG1A , an embodiment of the present invention provides a near-eye display 10 , which includes a plurality of optical modules 100 , a controller 200 , and a waveguide combiner 300 . In this embodiment, the optical module 100 is used to generate an illumination beam IL. The controller 200 is electrically connected to the optical module 100 and is used to convert the illumination beam IL into multiple image beams IB. The waveguide combiner 300 has a light input region R1 and a light output region R2. The optical module 100 is disposed adjacent to the light input region R1. After the light input region R1 receives the image beam IB, the waveguide combiner 300 transmits the image beam IB to the light output region R2, from which the image beam IB is then emitted. For example, the image beam IB is transmitted through the waveguide combiner 300 and is incident on the viewer's eye E. The illumination beam IL generated by each optical module 100 corresponds to a portion of the image that the eye E should see, such as 10×10 pixels, but the present invention is not limited to this. In other words, the illumination beams IL generated by these optical modules 100 are converted into image beams IB, and these image beams IB are combined to form the image that the eye E should see. The controller 200 can convert the illumination beam IL into the image beam IB by controlling the intensity of the illumination beam IL generated by each optical module 100. In another embodiment, the controller 200 can control a light valve (such as the light valve 400' shown in Figure 9) to convert the illumination beam IL into the image beam IB. In one embodiment, the controller 200 may include, for example, a central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor (microprocessor), a digital signal processor (DSP), a programmable controller (PC), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other similar devices or combinations thereof, although the present invention is not limited thereto. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the various functions of the controller 200 may be implemented as multiple program codes. These program codes may be stored in a memory unit and executed by the controller 200. Alternatively, in one embodiment, the various functions of the controller 200 may be implemented as one or more circuits. The present invention is not limited to the use of software or hardware to implement the various functions of the controller 200. FIG1B is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG1B , in this embodiment, the optical module 100 includes a red light emitting chip array 110-R, a green light emitting chip array 110-G, a blue light emitting chip array 110-B, and a flat optical element 120. The red light emitting chip array 110-R includes a plurality of independently driven red light emitting chips 112-R, each for emitting red excitation light LR. The green light emitting chip array 110-G includes a plurality of independently driven green light emitting chips 112-G, each for emitting green excitation light LG. The blue light emitting chip array 110-B includes a plurality of independently driven blue light emitting chips 112-B, each for emitting blue excitation light LB. The red light, green light, and blue excitation light LR, LG, and LB form a plurality of light spots SP after passing through the flat optical element 120. Each light spot SP includes a red light spot, a green light spot, and a blue light spot formed after one red excitation light LR, one green excitation light LG, and one blue excitation light LB pass through the flat optical element 120. The red, green, and blue excitation light LR, LG, and LB pass through the flat optical element 120 to form an illumination beam IL. In this embodiment, the red, green or blue light emitting chips 112 -R, 112 -G, 112 -B may be vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) chips, micro light emitting diode (Micro LED) chips or micro organic light emitting diode (Micro OLED) chips. In this embodiment, the flat optical element 120 includes a plurality of stacked metasurfaces 122-1, 122-2, and 122-3. Metasurfaces 122-1, 122-2, and 122-3 may be formed from a plurality of nanorods or nanoholes. Each metasurface 122-1, 122-2, and 122-3 may be designed and shaped based on different functions. Metasurface 122-1 may be used to collimate a light beam, metasurface 122-2 may be used to deflect a light beam, and metasurface 122-3 may be used to deflect a light beam and eliminate light dispersion. In this embodiment, the red, green or blue light emitting chips 112 -R, 112 -G, 112 -B may be arranged in an N×M array, where N≥1 and M≥2. In this embodiment, the optical module 100 further includes a plurality of first sensors 130. The first sensors 130 may be optical sensors such as complementary metal-oxide semiconductors (CMOS), charge coupled devices (CCDs), or photodiodes, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The first sensors 130 are disposed in the red light emitting chip array 110-R, the green light emitting chip array 110-G, and the blue light emitting chip array 110-B, respectively, and are configured to sense light scattered from the red light emitting chip array 110-R, the green light emitting chip array 110-G, and the blue light emitting chip array 110-B toward the first sensors 130. In other words, the intensity of the red light emitting light LR, the green light emitting light LG, or the blue light emitting light LB can be determined based on the signal intensity obtained by the first sensors 130. In this embodiment, the optical module 100 further includes a light-emitting chip driver 140 and a redistribution line (RDL) substrate 150. The light-emitting chip driver 140 is electrically connected to the red light-emitting chip array 110-R, the green light-emitting chip array 110-G, and the blue light-emitting chip array 110-B. The red light-emitting chip array 110-R, the green light-emitting chip array 110-G, and the blue light-emitting chip array 110-B are disposed between the flat optical element 120 and the light-emitting chip driver 140. The redistribution line (RDL) substrate 150 is electrically connected to the light-emitting chip driver 140 and is disposed on a side of the light-emitting chip driver 140 opposite the red light-emitting chip array 110-R, the green light-emitting chip array 110-G, and the blue light-emitting chip array 110-B. In addition, in addition to utilizing the redistribution substrate 150 to transmit electrical signals between components in the optical module 100 , the redistribution substrate 150 may include an optical waveguide interconnect structure 152 for transmitting optical signals between components in the optical module 100 . In one embodiment, the optical module 100 further includes a plurality of columns 102 disposed between the flat optical element 120 and the redistribution substrate 150 to form a receiving space between the flat optical element 120 and the redistribution substrate 150 . Based on the above, in an optical module 100 of an embodiment of the present invention or a near-eye display 10 using the optical module 100, the optical module 100 includes a red light emitting chip array 110-R, a green light emitting chip array 110-G, a blue light emitting chip array 110-B, and a flat optical element 120. The red light emitting chip array 110-R includes a plurality of independently driven red light emitting chips 112-R, each for emitting red excitation light LR. The green light emitting chip array 110-G includes a plurality of independently driven green light emitting chips 112-G, each for emitting green excitation light LG. The blue light emitting chip array 110-B includes a plurality of independently driven blue light emitting chips 112-B, each for emitting blue excitation light LB. The red light, green light, and blue excitation light LR, LG, and LB form a plurality of light spots SP after passing through the flat optical element 120. Each light spot SP includes a red light spot, a green light spot, and a blue light spot formed after one of the red excitation lights LR, one of the green excitation lights LG, and one of the blue excitation lights LB pass through the flat optical element 120. Therefore, the optical module 100 simplifies the design of the module, making the module smaller, requiring lower assembly precision, and reducing costs. Furthermore, an optical system using the optical module 100 of an embodiment of the present invention, such as a near-eye display 10, can utilize the advantage of the fast response speed of the light-emitting chip to achieve a high refresh rate effect. Moreover, the optical system can use multiple optical modules 100 to generate a display image, thereby generating a high-resolution display image. FIG2A is a schematic top view of an optical module according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG2B is a schematic cross-sectional view along section line AA in FIG2A . Referring to FIG2A and FIG2B , the optical module 100A is substantially the same as the optical module 100 of FIG1B , with the main difference being that, in this embodiment, the optical module 100A further includes a sensor array 160. The sensor array 160 includes a plurality of independently driven second sensors 162. The second sensor 162 may be a light sensor such as a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS), a charge coupled device (CCD), or a photodiode, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In this embodiment, the optical module 100A further includes a light emitting chip driver 140, a sensor chip driver 140A, and a redistribution substrate 150. The sensor chip driver 140A is electrically connected to a sensor array 160. The sensor array 160 is disposed between the flat optical element 120 and the sensor chip driver 140A. The redistribution substrate 150 is electrically connected to the light emitting chip driver 140 and the sensor chip driver 140A. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a third embodiment of the present invention. For ease of illustration, the optical module 100B in Figure 3 omits the red light emitting chip array, the green light emitting chip array, or the blue light emitting chip array. Referring to Figure 3 , optical module 100B is substantially the same as optical module 100 in Figure 1B or optical module 100A in Figure 2B , with the primary difference being that, in this embodiment, optical module 100B further includes an infrared light emitting chip array 110-IR. Infrared light emitting chip array 110-IR includes a plurality of independently driven infrared light emitting chips 112-IR. Infrared light emitting chips 112-IR can be vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) chips, micro-LED chips, or micro-organic light emitting diode (Micro-OLED) chips. Each infrared light emitting chip 112-IR is configured to emit infrared excitation light LIR. The sensor array 160 is used to receive a plurality of reflected lights RL after the ambient light AL or the infrared excitation light LIR is reflected. In addition, the first sensor 130 may be disposed in the infrared light emitting chip array 110 -IR to sense light of the infrared excitation light LIR scattered from the infrared light emitting chip array 110 -IR to the first sensor 130 . In the optical module 100B of one embodiment of the present invention or the near-eye display 10 using the optical module 100B, since the optical module 100B further includes a sensor array 160 for receiving multiple reflected lights RL after the ambient light AL or the infrared light excitation light LIR is reflected, the optical module 100B can be used in interactive interfaces such as eye tracking and face tracking, and the optical system can still maintain the advantage of a small number of optical components. FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG4 , optical module 100C is substantially similar to optical module 100 of FIG1B , with the primary difference being that, in this embodiment, flat optical element 120 includes multiple sub-flat optical elements 120-1 and 120-2, disposed in the optical paths of red excitation light LR, green excitation light LG, and blue excitation light LB, respectively. In other words, although one red excitation light LR, one green excitation light LG, and one blue excitation light LB pass through different sub-flat optical elements 120-1 and 120-2, they converge to the same light spot SP outside sub-flat optical element 120 to generate illumination beam IL, as shown in FIG1B . However, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. Sub-flat optical elements 120-1 and 120-2 can be similar to flat optical element 120 and designed to perform various functions, such as beam collimation, beam deflection, or beam deflection and color correction. FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG5 , the optical module 100D is substantially the same as the optical module 100 of FIG1B , with the main difference being that, in this embodiment, the optical module 100D further includes a light-transmitting substrate 170D. The light-transmitting substrate 170D includes a light-emitting chip driver 140. The light-emitting chip driver 140 is electrically connected to the red light-emitting chip array 110-R, the green light-emitting chip array 110-G, and the blue light-emitting chip array 110-B. The red light-emitting chip array 110-R, the green light-emitting chip array 110-G, and the blue light-emitting chip array 110-B are disposed between the flat optical element 120 and the light-transmitting substrate 170D. Therefore, the optical module 100D can further simplify the number of components in the module. FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG6 , optical module 100E is substantially identical to optical module 100 of FIG1B , with the primary difference being that, in this embodiment, optical module 100E further includes a light-emitting chip driver 140. Light-emitting chip driver 140 is electrically connected to red light-emitting chip array 110-R, green light-emitting chip array 110-G, and blue light-emitting chip array 110-B. Flat optical element 120E includes a redistribution structure 150E. Redistribution structure 150E is electrically connected to light-emitting chip driver 140. After emitting from red, green, and blue light-emitting chip arrays 110-R, 110-G, and 110-B, the red, green, and blue excitation lights LR, LG, and LB, respectively, first pass through light-emitting chip driver 140 before being transmitted to flat optical element 120E. FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG7 , optical module 100F is substantially identical to optical module 100 of FIG1B , with the primary difference being that, in this embodiment, flat optical element 120F includes a redistribution structure 150F and a light-emitting chip driver 140F. Light-emitting chip driver 140F is electrically connected to red light-emitting chip array 110-R, green light-emitting chip array 110-G, and blue light-emitting chip array 110-B, and redistribution structure 150F is electrically connected to light-emitting chip driver 140F. FIG8A is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. FIG8B is a schematic cross-sectional view along the section line BB in FIG8A. FIG8C is a schematic cross-sectional view along the section line CC in FIG8A. Referring to FIG8A to FIG8C, the optical module 100G is substantially the same as the optical module 100 of FIG1B, with the main difference being that, in this embodiment, the red light emitting chip 112-R, the green light emitting chip 112-G, and the blue light emitting chip 112-B are arranged in a 1×M array, where M≥2. Moreover, the pitch between the red light emitting chips 112-R, the green light emitting chips 112-G, or the blue light emitting chips 112-B is P1. The pitch between the light spots SP formed after the red excitation light LR, the green excitation light LG, or the blue excitation light LB passes through the flat optical element 120 is P2, and P2<P1. FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG9 , the near-eye display 10′ is substantially identical to the near-eye display 10 of FIG1A , with the primary difference being that in this embodiment, the near-eye display 10′ further includes a light valve 400′. The light valve 400′ can be a reflective light modulator, such as a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) panel or a digital micromirror device (DMD). In some embodiments, the light valve can also be a transmissive light modulator, such as a transparent liquid crystal panel, an electro-optical modulator (EOM), a magneto-optical modulator (MMO), an acousto-optic modulator (AOM), or a MEMS scanning mirror. In this embodiment, the light valve 400' is disposed on a side of the waveguide combiner 300' opposite to the optical module 100 and is used to convert the illumination beam IL into the image beam IB. After being emitted from the optical module 100, the illumination beam IL passes through the waveguide combiner 300' and then passes to the light valve 400'. In this embodiment, the waveguide combiner 300' includes a first grating coupler 310' and a second grating coupler 320'. The first grating coupler 310' is disposed at the light entrance region R1 and is configured to receive the image beam IB, allowing the image beam IB to enter the waveguide combiner 300'. The second grating coupler 320' is disposed at the light exit region R2 and is configured to allow the image beam IB transmitted through the waveguide combiner 300' to exit from the light exit region R2. FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display according to another embodiment of the present invention. For ease of illustration, FIG10 omits the light source module 100 and controller 200 shown in FIG1A or FIG9 . Furthermore, the waveguide combiner 300″ shown in FIG9 omits the light entrance region R1 and light exit region R2 of the waveguide combiner 300 or 300′. Referring to FIG10 , the near-eye display 10″ is substantially the same as the near-eye display 10 of FIG1A or the near-eye display 10′ of FIG9 . The primary difference is that in this embodiment, the near-eye display 10″ includes a plurality of optical modules 100, a controller 200, an infrared light emitting chip array 110-IR, a sensor array 160, and a waveguide combiner 300″. The infrared light emitting chip array 110-IR is electrically connected to the controller 200. The infrared light emitting chip array 110-IR includes a plurality of independently driven infrared light emitting chips 112-IR, each configured to emit infrared excitation light LIR. The sensor array 160 is electrically connected to the controller 200. The sensor array 160 includes a plurality of independently driven second sensors 162 for sensing a plurality of reflected lights RL after the ambient light AL or the infrared light excitation light LIR is reflected. The optical module 100, the infrared light emitting chip array 110-IR and the sensor array 160 are arranged on one side of the waveguide combiner 300". After entering the waveguide combiner 300" from that side of the waveguide combiner 300", the infrared light excitation light LIR is transmitted in the waveguide combiner 300" and then emitted from the other side of the waveguide combiner 300". After entering the waveguide combiner 300" from the other side of the waveguide combiner 300", the ambient light AL or the reflected light RL is transmitted in the waveguide combiner 300" and then emitted from that side of the waveguide combiner 300" and transmitted to the sensor array 160. In this embodiment, the waveguide combiner 300 ″ includes a third grating coupler 330 ″ and a fourth grating coupler 340 ″. The third grating coupler 330 ″ is configured to receive a plurality of reflected lights RL after reflection of ambient light AL or infrared excitation light LIR. The fourth grating coupler 340 ″ is disposed at the light entrance region R1 and configured to allow the ambient light AL or reflected light RL transmitted through the waveguide combiner 300 ″ to exit from the light entrance region R1. The fourth grating coupler 340 ″ is aligned with the sensor array 160, allowing the ambient light AL or reflected light RL to enter the sensor array 160. In addition, in another embodiment, a (further) flat optical element 120 may be disposed between the infrared light emitting chip array 110-IR or the sensor array 160 and the waveguide combiner 300″, as shown in FIG10 . This allows the infrared excitation light LIR to enter the waveguide combiner 300″ in a modified light pattern and then be emitted therefrom, thereby enabling the ambient light AL or reflected light RL to be better focused onto the sensor array 160. FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display according to another embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG11 , the near-eye display 10''' is substantially the same as the near-eye display 10 of FIG1A , with the main difference being that, in this embodiment, the near-eye display 10''' includes a plurality of optical modules 100B, a controller 200, and a waveguide combiner 300'''. The optical module 100B is disposed on one side of the waveguide combiner 300'''. The image light beam IB is emitted in a direction opposite to the waveguide combiner 300'''. After entering the waveguide combiner 300''' from this side of the waveguide combiner 300''', the infrared light excitation light LIR is transmitted through the waveguide combiner 300''' and then emitted from the other side of the waveguide combiner 300'''. After entering the waveguide combiner 300 ′″ from the other side of the waveguide combiner 300 ′″, the ambient light AL or the reflected light RL propagates through the waveguide combiner 300 ′″ and then exits from the side of the waveguide combiner 300 ′″ to reach the sensor array 160 . In summary, in an optical module of one embodiment of the present invention or a near-eye display using the optical module, the optical module includes a red light emitting chip array, a green light emitting chip array, a blue light emitting chip array, and a flat optical element. The red light emitting chip array is used to emit multiple red excitation lights. The green light emitting chip array is used to emit multiple green excitation lights. The blue light emitting chip array is used to emit multiple blue excitation lights. The red, green, and blue excitation lights form multiple light spots after passing through the flat optical element. Each light spot includes a red light spot, a green light spot, and a blue light spot formed after one of the red excitation lights, one of the green excitation lights, and one of the blue excitation lights pass through the flat optical element. Therefore, the optical module simplifies the module design, making the module smaller, requiring lower assembly precision, and reducing costs. Furthermore, an optical system using the optical module of an embodiment of the present invention, such as a near-eye display, can utilize the advantage of the fast response speed of the light emitting chip to achieve a high refresh rate. Moreover, the optical system can use multiple optical modules to generate a display image, thereby generating a high-resolution display image. 10, 10', 10'', 10''': Near-eye display 100, 100A, 100B, 100C, 100D, 100E, 100F, 100G: Optical module 102: Column 110-B: Blue light emitting chip array 110-G: Green light emitting chip array 110-IR: Infrared light emitting chip array 110-R: Red light emitting chip array 112-B: Blue light emitting chip 112-G: Green light emitting chip 112-IR: Infrared light emitting chip 112-R: Red light emitting chip 120, 120E, 120F: Flat optical element 122-1, 122-2, 122-3: Metasurface 130: First sensor 140, 140F: Light emitting chip driver 140 A: Sensing chip driver 150: Rewiring substrate 150E, 150F: Rewiring structure 152: Optical waveguide interconnect structure 160: Sensor array 162: Second sensor 170D: Transparent substrate 200: Controller 300, 300', 300'', 300''': Waveguide combiner 310': First grating coupler 320': Second grating coupler 330'': Third grating coupler 340'': Fourth grating coupler 400': Light valve AL: Ambient light E: Eye IB: Image beam IL: Illumination beam LB: Blue excitation light LG: Green excitation light LIR: Infrared excitation light LR: Red excitation light P1, P2: Pitch R1: Light entrance area R2: Light exit area RL: Reflected light SP: Light spot Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2A is a top schematic diagram of an optical module according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2B is a cross-sectional schematic diagram along the section line AA in Figure 2A. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of an optical module according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8B is a cross-sectional schematic diagram along the section line BB in Figure 8A. Figure 8C is a cross-sectional schematic diagram along the section line CC in Figure 8A. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display according to another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of a near-eye display according to yet another embodiment of the present invention. 100: Optical module 102: Column 110-B: Blue light emitting chip array 110-G: Green light emitting chip array 110-R: Red light emitting chip array 112-B: Blue light emitting chip 112-G: Green light emitting chip 112-R: Red light emitting chip 120: Flat optical element 122-1, 122-2, 122-3: Metasurface 130: First sensor 140: Light-emitting chip driver 150: Rewiring substrate 152: Optical waveguide interconnect structure IL: Illumination beam LB: Blue light luminescence LG: Green light luminescence LR: Red light excitation SP:Point of Light

Claims

1. An optical module for generating an illumination beam, comprising: A red light emitting chip array, comprising multiple independently driven red light emitting chips, each used to emit a red excitation light; A green light-emitting chip array includes multiple independently driven green light-emitting chips, each emitting a green excitation light; a blue light-emitting chip array includes multiple independently driven blue light-emitting chips, each emitting a blue excitation light; and a flat optical element disposed in the transmission path of the red, green, and blue excitation lights, wherein the red, green, and blue excitation lights, after passing through the flat optical element, form multiple spaced-apart light spots. Each light spot includes a red light spot, a green light spot, and a blue light spot formed after passing through one of the red light excitation lights, one of the green light excitation lights, and one of the blue light excitation lights. The red, green, and blue excitation lights, after passing through the flat optical element, form an illumination beam, and the illumination beam includes overlapping red, green, and blue light spots. The pitch between the red light-emitting wafers, the green light-emitting wafers, or the blue light-emitting wafers is P1, and the pitch between the light spots formed after the red, green, or blue excitation light passes through the flat optical element is P2, and P2 < P1.

2. The optical module as described in claim 1, wherein the red, green, or blue light-emitting wafers are vertical cavity surface-emitting laser wafers, micro-light-emitting diode wafers, or micro-organic light-emitting diode wafers.

3. The optical module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flat optical element comprises a plurality of stacked metasurfaces.

4. The optical module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the red, green, or blue light-emitting chips are arranged in an N×M array, where N≥1 and M≥2.

5. The optical module as described in claim 1, further comprising: Multiple first sensors are respectively disposed in the red light emitting chip array, the green light emitting chip array and the blue light emitting chip array, and are used to sense the light scattered to the first sensors from the red light excitation light, the green light excitation light and the blue light excitation light.

6. The optical module as described in claim 1, further comprising: A light-emitting chip driver is electrically connected to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array, wherein the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array are disposed between the flat optical element and the light-emitting chip driver; and a redistribution substrate is electrically connected to the light-emitting chip driver and disposed on one side of the light-emitting chip driver opposite to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array.

7. The optical module as described in claim 1, further comprising: A sensor array comprising multiple independently driven second sensors.

8. The optical module as described in claim 7, further comprising: A light-emitting chip driver is electrically connected to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array, wherein the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array are disposed between the flat optical element and the light-emitting chip driver; a sensing chip driver is electrically connected to the sensor array, wherein the sensor array is disposed between the flat optical element and the sensing chip driver; and a redistribution substrate is electrically connected to the light-emitting chip driver and the sensing chip driver, and is disposed on one side of the light-emitting chip driver opposite to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array.

9. The optical module as described in claim 7, further comprising: An infrared light-emitting chip array includes multiple independently driven infrared light-emitting chips, each used to emit an infrared excitation light, wherein the sensor array is used to receive ambient light or multiple reflected lights after the infrared excitation light is reflected.

10. The optical module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flat optical element comprises a plurality of sub-flat optical elements disposed in the optical paths of the red excitation light, the green excitation light and the blue excitation light respectively.

11. The optical module as described in claim 1, further comprising: A light-transmitting substrate includes a light-emitting chip driver electrically connected to a red light-emitting chip array, a green light-emitting chip array, and a blue light-emitting chip array, wherein the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array are disposed between the flat optical element and the light-transmitting substrate.

12. The optical module as described in claim 1, further comprising: A light-emitting chip driver is electrically connected to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array, and the blue light-emitting chip array. The planar optical element includes a rewiring structure electrically connected to the light-emitting chip driver. After being emitted from the red, green, and blue light-emitting chip arrays, the red, green, and blue excitation lights first pass through the light-emitting chip driver and are then transmitted to the planar optical element.

13. The optical module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flat optical element includes a rewiring structure and a light-emitting chip driver, wherein the light-emitting chip driver is electrically connected to the red light-emitting chip array, the green light-emitting chip array and the blue light-emitting chip array, and the rewiring structure is electrically connected to the light-emitting chip driver.

14. A near-eye display, comprising: Multiple optical modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 13; A controller electrically connected to the optical modules and used to convert the illumination beams into multiple image beams; and a waveguide combiner having an input area and an output area, wherein the optical modules are disposed next to the input area, the input area receives the image beams, the waveguide combiner transmits the image beams to the output area, and the image beams are then emitted from the output area.

15. The near-eye display as described in claim 14, further comprising: An optical valve is disposed on one side of the waveguide assembly relative to the optical modules and is used to convert the illumination beams into image beams, wherein the illumination beams, after exiting the optical modules, pass through the waveguide assembly and are then transmitted to the optical valve.

16. The near-eye display as claimed in claim 15, wherein the waveguide combiner comprises: A first grating coupler is disposed at the light-incident area and is used to receive the image beams and allow the image beams to enter the waveguide combiner; and a second grating coupler is disposed at the light-outcident area and is used to allow the image beams to exit from the light-outcident area.

17. A near-eye display, comprising: Multiple optical modules as described in claim 1; A controller electrically connected to the optical module and used to convert the illumination beams into multiple image beams; an infrared light-emitting chip array including multiple independently driven infrared light-emitting chips, each for emitting an infrared excitation light; a sensor array including multiple independently driven second sensors for sensing ambient light or multiple reflected lights after reflection of the infrared excitation light; and a waveguide combiner having an input area and an output area, wherein the optical module, the infrared light-emitting chip array, and the sensor array are disposed on one side of the waveguide combiner, the optical module is disposed next to the input area, the image beams are received in the input area, the waveguide combiner transmits the image beams to the output area, and the image beams are then emitted from the output area, wherein after entering the waveguide combiner from one side, the infrared excitation light is transmitted through the waveguide combiner and then emitted from the other side of the waveguide combiner. When the ambient light or the reflected light is incident on the waveguide assembly from the other side of the waveguide assembly, it is transmitted through the waveguide assembly and then exited from the other side of the waveguide assembly to the sensor array.

18. The near-eye display as claimed in claim 17, wherein the waveguide combiner comprises: A third grating coupler is used to receive the ambient light or the reflected light after the infrared excitation light has been reflected; A fourth grating coupler is disposed at the light-incident area and is used to allow the ambient light or the reflected light to exit from the light-incident area, wherein the fourth grating coupler is aligned with the sensor array so that the ambient light or the reflected light is incident on the sensor array.

19. A near-eye display, comprising: Multiple optical modules as described in claim 9; A controller electrically connected to the optical modules and used to convert the illumination beams into multiple image beams; and a waveguide combiner, wherein the optical modules are disposed on one side of the waveguide combiner, wherein the image beams are emitted in a direction opposite to the waveguide combiner, wherein after being incident on the waveguide combiner from that side, the infrared excitation light is transmitted through the waveguide combiner and then emitted from the other side of the waveguide combiner, wherein after being incident on the waveguide combiner from the other side, the ambient light or the reflected light is transmitted through the waveguide combiner and then emitted from that side of the waveguide combiner and transmitted to the sensor array.

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