Apparatus, methods, and computer program with nominal and subband preamble usage for extended range

Abstract

In summary, the various forms of this case relate to wireless communication. In some forms, the transmitter can detect at least one distance between the transmitter and the receiver. The transmitter can send information to the receiver using a selected frequency band, either broadband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance. Similarly, in some forms, the receiver can detect at least one distance between the receiver and the transmitter. The receiver can receive information from the transmitter using a selected frequency band, either broadband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance. Numerous other forms are described.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] In summary, the contents of this case pertain to wireless communication, and to technologies and apparatuses for use with mobile stations in broadband and narrowband communication. [Previous Technology]

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiplexing access technologies that support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power). Examples of such multiplexing access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE-Enhanced is an enhancement set of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile service standard released by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0003] A wireless network may include multiple base stations (BSs) capable of supporting communications for multiple user equipments (UEs). UEs may communicate with BSs via downlinks and uplinks. A "downlink" (or forward link) represents the communication link from the BS to the UE, and an "uplink" (or reverse link) represents the communication link from the UE to the BS. As will be described in more detail herein, a BS may be referred to as a Node B, gNB, Access Point (AP), Radio Headend, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), New Radio (NR) BS, 5G Node B, etc.

[0004] The above multiplexing access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunications standards to provide a common protocol that enables different user equipment to communicate at the city, country, region, and even global levels. NR (which may also be referred to as 5G) is an enhancement set of the LTE mobile service standard released by 3GPP. NR is designed to better integrate with other open standards by improving spectrum efficiency, reducing costs, improving service, utilizing new spectrum, and using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with Cyclic Prefix (CP) on the downlink (DL), using CP-OFDM and / or SC-FDM (e.g., also known as Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Spectrum OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink (UL), and supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technologies and carrier aggregation, thereby better supporting mobile broadband internet access. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to grow, further improvements to LTE, NR, and other wireless access technologies remain useful. [Summary of the Invention]

[0005] In some embodiments, a transmitter for wireless communication includes a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to: detect at least one distance between the transmitter and the receiver; and transmit information to the receiver using a selected frequency band in a wideband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0006] In some embodiments, a receiver for wireless communication includes a memory and one or more processors operatively coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to: detect at least one distance between the receiver and the transmitter; and receive information from the transmitter using a selected frequency band in a wideband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0007] In some embodiments, the method of wireless communication performed by the transmitter includes: detecting at least one distance between the transmitter and the receiver; and transmitting information to the receiver using a selected frequency band in broadband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0008] In some embodiments, the method of wireless communication performed by the receiver includes: detecting at least one distance between the receiver and the transmitter; and receiving information from the transmitter using a selected frequency band in a broadband or narrowband manner, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0009] In some forms, the non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of the transmitter, cause the transmitter to: detect at least one distance between the transmitter and the receiver; and transmit information to the receiver using a selected frequency band in a wideband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0010] In some forms, the non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication includes one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of the receiver, cause the receiver to: detect at least one distance between the receiver and the transmitter; and receive information from the transmitter using a selected frequency band in a wideband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0011] In some embodiments, the device for wireless communication includes: a unit for detecting at least one distance between the device and a receiver; and a unit for transmitting information to the receiver using a selected frequency band in broadband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0012] In some embodiments, the device for wireless communication includes: a unit for detecting at least one distance between the device and a transmitter; and a unit for receiving information from the transmitter using a selected frequency band in broadband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0013] Various types generally include methods, apparatus, systems, computer program products, non-transitory computer-readable media, user equipment, base stations, wireless communication equipment and / or processing systems as fully described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings and description and as shown by means of the accompanying drawings and description.

[0014] The features and technical advantages of the examples according to the present invention have been outlined rather broadly above in order to provide a better understanding of the specific embodiments described below. Additional features and advantages will be described below. The disclosed concepts and specific examples can be readily used as the basis for modifying or designing other structures for achieving the same purpose as the present invention. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. The characteristics (both their organization and operation) of the concepts disclosed herein and their associated advantages will be better understood when considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, based on the following description. Each of the accompanying drawings is provided for illustrative and descriptive purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0015] Although the various embodiments described herein are illustrated by way of examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains that such embodiments can be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. The innovations described herein can be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or packaging arrangements. For example, some embodiments can be implemented via integrated chip embodiments and other devices based on non-modular components (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, or AI-enabled devices). The embodiments can be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, or system-level components. Devices incorporating the described embodiments and features may include additional components and features for implementing and carrying out the claimed and described embodiments. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals may include multiple components (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF) chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, or summers) for analog and digital purposes. The intention is that the various forms described herein can be practiced in a variety of devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, or end-user devices with different sizes, shapes, and constructions.

Implementation Method

[0022] The various forms of the present invention are described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any particular structure or function presented throughout the present invention. Rather, these forms are provided so that the present invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art to which it pertains. Based on the teachings herein, those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the scope of the present invention is intended to cover any form of the disclosed content herein, whether implemented independently of any other form of the present invention or in combination with any other form. For example, an apparatus or a method may be implemented using any number of forms set forth herein. Furthermore, the scope of the present invention is intended to cover such apparatuses or methods practiced using structures, functions, or structures and functions other than those set forth herein or different from those set forth herein. It should be understood that any form of the disclosure disclosed herein may be represented by one or more elements of the request.

[0023] Various devices and techniques will now be used to provide several embodiments of a telecommunications system. These devices and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings via various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, programs, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the entire system.

[0024] It should be noted that although the various forms in this document may be described using terms commonly associated with 5G or NR radio access technology (RAT), the various forms of the content of this document may be applied to other RATs, such as 3G RAT, 4G RAT and / or RATs after 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100 according to the present invention. Wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (NR) network and / or an LTE network, as well as other instances. Wireless network 100 may include multiple base stations 110 (shown as BS 110a, BS 110b, BS 110c, and BS 110d) and other network entities. A base station (BS) is an entity that communicates with a user equipment (UE) and may also be referred to as an NR BS, Node B, gNB, 5G Node B (NB), Access Point, Transmit / Receive Point (TRP), etc. Each BS can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area. In 3GPP, the term "cell" may represent the coverage area of ​​a BS and / or the BS subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.

[0026] A BS can provide communication coverage for macrocells, picocells, femtocells, and / or another type of cell. A macrocell can cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A picocell can cover a relatively small geographic area and can allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A femtocell can cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a residential area) and can allow restricted access by UEs associated with that femtocell (e.g., UEs in a closed user group (CSG)). A BS for macrocells can be referred to as a macro BS. A BS for picocells can be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for femtocells can be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In the example shown in Figure 1, BS 110a can be a macro BS for macrocell 102a, BS 110b can be a pico BS for picocell 102b, and BS 110c can be a femto BS for femtocell 102c. A BS can support one or more (e.g., three) cells. The terms "eNB", "base station", "NR BS", "gNB", "TRP", "AP", "node B", "5G NB" and "cell" are used interchangeably in this document.

[0027] In some states, the cell may not be stationary, and the geographical area of ​​the cell may move depending on the location of the active BS. In some states, the BS may interconnect with each other via various types of backhaul interfaces (such as direct physical connections or virtual networks) using any suitable transport network, and / or interconnect with one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100.

[0028] The wireless network 100 may also include a relay station. A relay station is an entity that can receive data transmissions from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and send data transmissions to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS). A relay station may also be a UE capable of relaying transmissions to other UEs. In the example shown in Figure 1, the relay BS 110d can communicate with macro BS 110a and UE 120d to facilitate communication between BS 110a and UE 120d. The relay BS may also be referred to as a relay station, relay base station, repeater, etc.

[0029] Wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network comprising different types of BSs (such as macro BS, pico BS, femto BS, repeater BS, etc.). These different types of BSs may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different effects on interference in wireless network 100. For example, macro BSs may have high transmit power levels (e.g., 5 to 40 watts), while pico BSs, femto BSs, and repeater BSs may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

[0030] The network controller 130 can be coupled to a group of BSs and can provide coordination and control for these BSs. The network controller 130 can communicate with the BSs via backhaul. The BSs can also communicate with each other directly or indirectly, for example, via wireless or wired backhaul.

[0031] UE 120 (e.g., 120a, 120b, 120c) may be distributed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. UE may also be referred to as an access terminal, terminal, mobile station, user unit, station, etc. UE may be a cellular telephone (e.g., a smartphone), personal digital assistant (PDA), wireless modem, wireless communication device, handheld device, laptop, wireless telephone, wireless loop (WLL) station, tablet device, camera, gaming device, laptop, smart computer, ultrabook, medical device or equipment, biometric sensor / device, wearable device (smartwatch, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., smart ring, smart bracelet, etc.)), entertainment device (e.g., music or video device, or satellite radio unit, etc.), vehicle component or sensor, smart instrument / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, GPS device, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media.

[0032] Some UEs can be considered Machine-Type Communication (MTC) or Evolved or Enhanced Machine-Type Communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, and / or location tags, which can communicate with a base station, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Wireless nodes can provide connectivity to or to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as the Internet or cellular networks) via wired or wireless communication links, for example. Some UEs can be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices and / or can be implemented as NB-IoT (Narrowband Internet of Things) devices. Some UEs can be considered Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). UE 120 can be included within a housing that houses the components of UE 120, such as processor components and / or memory components. In some cases, the processor components and memory components can be coupled together. For example, processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and memory components (e.g., memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0033] Typically, any number of wireless networks can be deployed in a given geographical area. Each wireless network can support a specific RAT and can operate on one or more frequencies. RAT can also be referred to as radio technology, air interface, etc. Frequency can also be referred to as carrier, channel, etc. Each frequency can support a single RAT in a given geographical area to avoid interference between wireless networks using different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks can be deployed.

[0034] In some configurations, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelink channels (e.g., without using base station 110 as an intermediary for communication with each other). For example, UE 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communication, device-to-device (D2D) communication, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocols (e.g., which may include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocols, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) protocols, etc.) and / or mesh networks. In this case, UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described herein as being performed by base station 110.

[0035] Devices of the wireless network 100 can communicate using the electromagnetic spectrum, which can be subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc., based on frequency or wavelength. For example, devices of the wireless network 100 can communicate using an operating band with a first frequency range (FR1) (which can span from 410 MHz to 7.125 GHz), and / or can communicate using an operating band with a second frequency range (FR2) (which can span from 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz). Frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are sometimes referred to as intermediate frequencies (IFs). Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is generally referred to as the "below 6 GHz" band. Similarly, although different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz–300 GHz) designated as the "millimeter wave" band by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), FR2 is generally referred to as the "millimeter wave" band. Therefore, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that the terms "below 6 GHz" and so on (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies less than 6 GHz, frequencies within FR1, and / or intermediate frequency band frequencies (e.g., greater than 7.125 GHz). Similarly, unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that the terms "millimeter wave" and so on (if used herein) can broadly refer to frequencies within the EHF band, frequencies within FR2, and / or intermediate frequency band frequencies (e.g., less than 24.25 GHz). It is anticipated that the frequencies included in FR1 and FR2 can be modified, and the techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0036] As indicated above, Figure 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described with respect to Figure 1.

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of communication between a base station 110 and a UE 120 in a wireless network 100 according to the present invention. The base station 110 may be equipped with T antennas 234a to 234t, and the UE 120 may be equipped with R antennas 252a to 252r, wherein typically, T ≥ 1 and R ≥ 1.

[0038] At base station 110, transmitting processor 220 can receive data for one or more UEs from data source 212, select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCS) for that UE based at least in part on the Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) received from each UE, process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for that UE based at least in part on the MCS selected for each UE, and provide data symbols for all UEs. Transmitting processor 220 can also process system information (e.g., semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, permission and / or upper-layer signaling), and provide management burden symbols and control symbols. Transmitting processor 220 can also generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS) or demodulated reference signals (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., primary synchronization signal (PSS) or secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). The transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 can perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding, if applicable) on data symbols, control symbols, management burden symbols, and / or reference symbols, and can provide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232a to 232t. Each modulator 232 can (e.g., for OFDM) process its corresponding output symbol stream to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232 can further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The T downlink signals from modulators 232a to 232t can be transmitted via T antennas 234a to 234t respectively.

[0039] At UE 120, antennas 252a to 252r can receive downlink signals from base station 110 and / or other base stations, and can provide the received signals to demodulators (DEMODs) 254a to 254r respectively. Each demodulator 254 can adjust (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) the received signal to obtain an input sample. Each demodulator 254 can (e.g., for OFDM) further process the input sample to obtain a received symbol. MIMO detector 256 can obtain the received symbols from all R demodulators 254a to 254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols (if applicable), and provide the detected symbols. Receiver processor 258 can process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for UE 120 to data slot 260, and provide decoded control information and system information to controller / processor 280. The term "controller / processor" can refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. The channel processor can determine the Reference Received Power (RSRP) parameter, the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) parameter, the Reference Received Quality (RSRQ) parameter, and / or the Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) parameter, among other instances. In some configurations, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in the housing 284.

[0040] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include one or more devices, such as those in the core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the base station 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0041] The antenna (e.g., antennas 234a to 234t and / or antennas 252a to 252r) may include or may be included in the following: one or more antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays, and other examples. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include coplanar antenna element sets and / or non-coplanar antenna element sets. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include antenna elements within a single housing and / or antenna elements within multiple housings. Antenna panels, antenna groups, antenna element sets, and / or antenna arrays may include one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmitting and / or receiving components (such as one or more components of FIG. 2).

[0042] On the uplink, at UE 120, the transmitting processor 264 can receive and process data from data source 262 and control information from controller / processor 280 (e.g., for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI). The transmitting processor 264 can also generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. Symbols from the transmitting processor 264 can be pre-encoded (if applicable) by TX MIMO processor 266, further processed by modulators 254a to 254r (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to base station 110. In some embodiments, the modulator and demodulator (e.g., MOD / DEMOD 254) of UE 120 can be included in the modem of UE 120. In some embodiments, UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 252, modulator and / or demodulator 254, MIMO detector 256, receiver processor 258, transmitter processor 264 and / or TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 280) and memory 282 to perform various forms of any of the methods described herein (e.g., with reference to Figures 3-7).

[0043] At base station 110, uplink signals from UE 120 and other UEs can be received by antenna 234, processed by demodulator 232, detected by MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and further processed by receiver processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information transmitted by UE 120. Receiver processor 238 can provide decoded data to data slot 239 and decoded control information to controller / processor 240. Base station 110 may include communication unit 244 and communicate with network controller 130 via communication unit 244. Base station 110 may include scheduler 246 to schedule downlink and / or uplink communication for UE 120. In some embodiments, modulator and demodulator (e.g., MOD / DEMOD 232) of base station 110 may be included in the modem of base station 110. In some embodiments, base station 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of antenna 234, modulator and / or demodulator 232, MIMO detector 236, receiver processor 238, transmitter processor 220 and / or TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., controller / processor 240) and memory 242 to perform various methods described herein, for example, as described with reference to Figures 3-7.

[0044] The controller / processor 240 of base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, and / or any other component in FIG. 2 may execute one or more technologies associated with the use of broadband and narrowband communications with the mobile station, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of base station 110, the controller / processor 280 of UE 120, and / or any other component in FIG. 2 may execute, for example, program 600 of FIG. 6, program 700 of FIG. 7, and / or other programs as described herein, or instruct the operation of such programs. Memory 242 and 282 may store data and program code for base station 110 and UE 120, respectively. In some embodiments, memory 242 and / or memory 282 may include non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wireless communication. For example, one or more instructions, when executed by one or more processors of base station 110 and / or UE 120 (e.g., directly, or after compilation, translation, and / or interpretation), may cause one or more processors, UE 120, and / or base station 110 to execute, for example, program 600 of FIG. 6, program 700 of FIG. 7, and / or other programs as described herein, or instruct the operation of such programs. In some cases, the execution instructions may include execution instructions, translation instructions, compilation instructions, and / or interpretation instructions, and other instances thereof. In some cases, the transmitter described herein is base station 110, is included in base station 110, includes one or more components of base station 110 shown in FIG. 2, is included in UE 120, or includes one or more components of UE 120 shown in FIG. 2. In some cases, the receiver described herein is base station 110, is included in base station 110, includes one or more components of base station 110 shown in FIG. 2, is included in UE 120, or includes one or more components of UE 120 shown in FIG. 2.

[0045] In some embodiments, the transmitter (e.g., UE 120, device 800 of FIG. 8, base station 110 and / or device 900 of FIG. 9) may include units for detecting at least one distance between the transmitter and the receiver (e.g., UE 120, device 800 of FIG. 8, base station 110 and / or device 900 of FIG. 9); and / or units for transmitting information to the receiver using a selected frequency band in broadband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance. In some embodiments, the units for the transmitter to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modulator 232, antenna 234, demodulator 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242 or scheduler 246. Alternatively, the unit for the transmitter to perform the operations described herein may include one or more of, for example, antenna 252, demodulator 254, MIMO detector 256, receiver processor 258, transmitter processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, modulator 254, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0046] In some embodiments, the transmitter may also include: a unit for transmitting a clear transmission signal over a wide frequency band; a unit for transmitting a request transmission signal over a narrow frequency band; and / or a unit for receiving a clear transmission signal over a narrow frequency band and at least partially based on the request transmission signal. In some embodiments, the transmitter may also include: a unit for receiving an acknowledgment signal over a narrow frequency band and at least partially based on transmission information. In some embodiments, at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band is received from the receiver. The transmitter may also include: a unit for transmitting at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band to the receiver; and / or a unit for receiving.

[0047] In some embodiments, the receiver (e.g., UE 120, device 800 of FIG. 8, base station 110 and / or device 900 of FIG. 9) may include units for detecting at least one distance between the receiver and the transmitter (e.g., UE 120, device 800 of FIG. 8, base station 110 and / or device 900 of FIG. 9); and / or units for receiving information from the transmitter using a selected frequency band in broadband or narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance. In some embodiments, units for the receiver to perform the operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of the following: transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modulator 232, antenna 234, demodulator 232, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242 or scheduler 246. Alternatively, the unit for the receiver to perform the operations described herein may include one or more of, for example, antenna 252, demodulator 254, MIMO detector 256, receiver processor 258, transmitter processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, modulator 254, controller / processor 280, or memory 282.

[0048] In some embodiments, the receiver may also include: a unit for receiving a request to transmit signal on a narrow frequency band; a unit for transmitting a clear transmit signal on a narrow frequency band and at least in part based on receiving the request to transmit signal; and / or a unit for transmitting a clear transmit signal on a wide frequency band. In some embodiments, the receiver may also include: a unit for transmitting an acknowledgment signal on a narrow frequency band and at least in part based on received information. In some embodiments, the receiver may also include: a unit for transmitting at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band to the transmitter; or a unit for receiving at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band from the transmitter.

[0049] Although the blocks in Figure 2 are shown as different components, the functions described above with respect to the blocks can be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combined component, or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 can be executed by the controller / processor 280 or executed under the control of the controller / processor 280.

[0050] As indicated above, Figure 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described with respect to Figure 2.

[0051] Many mobile stations (such as drones or UEs) use narrowband signals (e.g., associated with bandwidths less than 20 MHz) to communicate with controllers (such as base stations or network nodes). For example, a mobile station may communicate with a controller on a narrowband according to Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standards (such as the IEEE 802.11 standard (also known as the "IEEE 802.11 protocol") of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Local Area Network / Metropolitan Area Network (LAN / MAN) Standards Committee). By communicating on a narrowband, a mobile station can communicate with a controller over longer distances (such as several kilometers). However, using a narrowband signal reduces transmission throughput compared to using a wideband signal (e.g., associated with bandwidths equal to or greater than 20 MHz).

[0052] Some of the techniques and apparatus described herein enable a transmitter (e.g., transmitter 405 illustrated in Figures 4 and 5) to transmit information to a receiver (e.g., receiver 410 illustrated in Figures 4 and 5) using selected frequency bands in either broadband or narrowband. Therefore, the transmitter and receiver can communicate over longer distances (e.g., via narrowband communication), but can also increase transmission capacity over shorter distances (e.g., via broadband communication). Additionally, in some cases, the transmitter and receiver can transmit signals on both broadband and narrowband before communicating. Therefore, the transmitter and receiver can avoid collisions that would occur if the preamble for broadband communication could not be decoded by a device using narrowband, and / or the preamble for narrowband communication could not be decoded by a device using broadband (e.g., when the preamble according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol is undecodeable). For example, the transmitter and receiver can perform Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA / CA), which improves the quality and / or reliability of communication.

[0053] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating Example 300 associated with the use of broadband and narrowband communications with a mobile station according to the content of this case. As shown in Figure 3, Example 300 includes a controller 305, which includes a transmitter / receiver device 310. Although the controller 305 is used in the following description, the description is similarly applicable to base stations (e.g., base station 110), Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS) nodes, peer-to-peer (P2P) nodes, Neighbor Aware Network (NAN) nodes, access points (APs) in a WLAN, stations (STAs) in a WLAN, and / or other stationary or less mobile devices. Additionally, Example 300 includes a mobile station 315, which includes a transmitter / receiver device 320. Although the mobile station 315 is used in the following description, the description is similarly applicable to UEs (e.g., UE 120), IBSS nodes, P2P nodes, NAN nodes, APs in a WLAN, STAs in a WLAN, and / or other more mobile devices. In some configurations, the controller 305 and the mobile station 315 can communicate wirelessly (e.g., according to WLAN standards such as the IEEE 802.11 protocol).

[0054] In some embodiments, controller 305 and / or mobile station 315 can detect at least one distance between controller 305 and mobile station 315. In some embodiments, at least one distance may include a physical distance between controller 305 and mobile station 315. For example, controller 305 and / or mobile station 315 may estimate a straight-line (e.g., Euclidean) distance between controller 305 and mobile station 315, a geodesic distance between controller 305 and mobile station 315, a two-dimensional distance (e.g., the difference between the distance from the Earth's surface to the normal vectors of controller 305 and mobile station 315 and the difference between the heights of controller 305 and mobile station 315), and / or another physical distance between controller 305 and mobile station 315. In some embodiments, controller 305 and mobile station 315 may exchange signals such that controller 305 and / or mobile station 315 can use mobility management techniques to estimate at least one distance.

[0055] Additionally or alternatively, at least one distance may include the signal distance between the controller 305 and the mobile station 315. For example, the controller 305 may determine at least one distance as the difference between a measurement of a signal originating from the mobile station 315 and a measurement of a corresponding reference signal. For example, the controller 305 may estimate RSRP, RSSI, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR), and / or another signal distance associated with the mobile station 315. Similarly, the mobile station 315 may determine at least one distance as the difference between a measurement of a signal originating from the controller 305 and a measurement of a reference signal. For example, the mobile station 315 may estimate RSRP, RSSI, SNR, SINR, and / or another signal distance associated with the controller 305.

[0056] Additionally, the controller 305 may transmit information using a selected frequency band from either a wideband (e.g., associated with a bandwidth equal to or greater than 20 MHz) or a narrowband (e.g., associated with a bandwidth less than 20 MHz), and the mobile station 315 may receive information using a selected frequency band from either a wideband (e.g., associated with a bandwidth equal to or greater than 20 MHz) or a narrowband (e.g., associated with a bandwidth less than 20 MHz). Alternatively or supplementarily, the mobile station 315 may transmit information using a selected frequency band, and the controller 305 may receive information using a selected frequency band. In some configurations, the narrowband may include at least one frequency included in the wideband. Alternatively, the narrowband and wideband may not overlap in the frequency domain.

[0057] As shown in FIG3, the controller 305 and / or the mobile station 315 may select the frequency band to be used based at least in part on the type of transmission. For example, the transmitter / receiver device 310 of controller 305 and the transmitter / receiver device 320 of mobile station 315 may use narrowband resources to exchange low-volume information, such as control data (e.g., instructions from controller 305 instructing mobile station 315 to move or otherwise act according to the instructions, and / or indications from mobile station 315 associated with the movement or otherwise action of mobile station 315), event information (e.g., indications from mobile station 315 that one or more measurements from one or more sensors of mobile station 315 meet at least one criterion, and / or indications from controller 305 that an event is triggered by a system clock or other variable that meets at least one criterion), status information (e.g., indications from mobile station 315 of battery level, altitude and / or other attributes associated with mobile station 315, and / or indications from controller 305 of system clock or other attributes associated with controller 305), or text information. As an alternative, the transmitter / receiver device 310 of controller 305 and the transmitter / receiver device 320 of mobile station 315 can use broadband resources to exchange high-volume information, such as video streams or large files (e.g., greater than 1 megabyte).

[0058] Supplementally or alternatively, as described above, the controller 305 and / or the mobile station 315 may select the frequency band to be used based at least in part on at least one distance. For example, when at least one distance meets a threshold (e.g., 10 meters, 100 meters, 1 kilometer, etc. when the distance is a physical distance, or -30 dB, -35 dB, -40 dB, etc. when the distance is a signal distance), the transmitter / receiver device 310 of the controller 305 and the transmitter / receiver device 320 of the mobile station 315 may use broadband resources. Alternatively, when at least one distance does not meet the threshold, the transmitter / receiver device 310 of the controller 305 and the transmitter / receiver device 320 of the mobile station 315 may use narrowband resources. In some cases, the controller 305 and / or the mobile station 315 may use one or more additional factors to select the frequency band. For example, controller 305 and / or mobile station 315 may select a frequency band at least in part based on transmit packet retry rate, transmit packet failure rate, receive duplicate packet rate, and / or receive packet failure rate (e.g., selecting a narrow band when the rate is high and a wide band when the rate is low). Alternatively or additionally, controller 305 and / or mobile station 315 may select a frequency band at least in part based on one or more channel quality metrics (such as radio measurements according to the IEEE 802.11h and / or IEEE 802.11k protocols, CSMA / CA parameters (e.g., average contention window size and / or average timeout) and / or channel interference estimates). In some cases, controller 305 and mobile station 315 may transmit information as described below in conjunction with Figures 4 and / or 5.

[0059] Therefore, as at least one distance increases, the controller 305 and the mobile station 315 can switch from using broadband resources to using narrowband resources. Similarly, as at least one distance decreases, the controller 305 and the mobile station 315 can switch from using narrowband resources to using broadband resources. In some cases, the controller 305 can use the same Media Access Control (MAC) address and / or the same Internet Protocol (IP) address in both broadband and narrowband. Similarly, the mobile station 315 can use the same MAC address and / or the same IP address in both broadband and narrowband. Therefore, the switching between broadband and narrowband is transparent to the stack associated with Transmission Control Protocol and IP (also known as the "TCP / IP stack").

[0060] In some configurations, controller 305 and mobile station 315 may exchange at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band. For example, controller 305 may transmit at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band, and mobile station 315 may receive at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band. Alternatively or supplementarily, mobile station 315 may transmit at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band, and controller 305 may receive at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band. Both broadband and narrowband resources may be used to transmit at least one frame. In some configurations, controller 305 and mobile station 315 may be preset to broadband. Therefore, controller 305 and / or mobile station 315 may only transmit at least one frame indicating a change to narrowband (e.g., at least partially based on at least one distance as described above). Alternatively, controller 305 and mobile station 315 may be preset to narrowband. Therefore, controller 305 and / or mobile station 315 may only transmit at least one frame indicating a change to broadband (e.g., at least partially based on at least one distance as described above).

[0061] In some configurations, controller 305 may periodically, on demand, or in combination thereof transmit beacons, and mobile station 315 may periodically, on demand, or in combination thereof receive beacons. Alternatively or supplementarily, mobile station 315 may periodically, on demand, or in combination thereof transmit beacons, and controller 305 may periodically, on demand, or in combination thereof receive beacons. Controller 305 and / or mobile station 315 may use beacons to synchronize system clocks and / or estimate the mobility of mobile station 315. In some configurations, narrowband resources, wideband resources, or a combination thereof may be used to transmit beacons. For example, when at least one distance meets a threshold (e.g., as described above), beacons may be transmitted on both narrowband and wideband, but when at least one distance does not meet the threshold, beacons may be transmitted only on narrowband.

[0062] By using the technique described in conjunction with FIG3, transmitter / receiver devices 310 and 320 can communicate using selected frequency bands in either broadband or narrowband. Therefore, transmitter / receiver devices 310 and 320 can communicate over longer distances (e.g., via narrowband communication), but can also increase transmission capacity over shorter distances (e.g., via broadband communication). Additionally, in some embodiments, and as described below in conjunction with FIG4 and / or FIG5, transmitter / receiver devices 310 and 320 can transmit signals on both broadband and narrowband before communication. Therefore, transmitter / receiver devices 310 and 320 avoid collisions and improve communication quality and / or reliability.

[0063] As indicated above, Figure 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described with respect to Figure 3.

[0064] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example 400 associated with the use of broadband and narrowband communication with a mobile station according to the content of this case. As shown in Figure 4, the transmitter 405 and the receiver 410 can communicate wirelessly with each other (e.g., according to WLAN standards such as the IEEE 802.11 protocol). In some embodiments, the transmitter 405 may include one of the controller 305 or the mobile station 315, as described above in conjunction with Figure 3. Similarly, the receiver 410 may include the other of the controller 305 or the mobile station 315, as described above in conjunction with Figure 3.

[0065] Transmitter 405 may have information to be transmitted to receiver 410 using a selected frequency band, either wideband (e.g., associated with a bandwidth equal to or greater than 20 MHz) or narrowband (e.g., associated with a bandwidth less than 20 MHz). Transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 may select the frequency band using the type of transmission and / or at least one distance between transmitter 405 and receiver 410, as described above in conjunction with Figure 3. In example 400, transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 may select a narrowband.

[0066] Therefore, as indicated by component symbol 415, transmitter 405 can transmit a clear transmit (CTS) signal over broadband. For example, transmitter 405 can transmit a CTS signal with a preamble signal associated with broadband, in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The CTS signal can prevent information (e.g., information transmitted as described below in conjunction with component symbol 435) from interfering with transmissions from other broadband devices near transmitter 405. For example, broadband devices near transmitter 405 can decode the CTS signal and determine, at least in part, not to transmit for a certain amount of time based on the CTS signal. This amount of time can be programmed and / or otherwise pre-configured (e.g., according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol and / or another standard), or it can be indicated by transmitter 405 using the CTS signal.

[0067] As shown via component symbol 420, transmitter 405 can transmit a Request to Transmit (RTS) signal on a narrowband, and receiver 410 can receive a Request to Transmit (RTS) signal on a narrowband. For example, transmitter 405 can transmit an RTS signal with a preamble associated with the narrowband according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The RTS signal can prevent information (e.g., information transmitted as described below in conjunction with component symbol 435) from interfering with transmissions from other narrowband devices near transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410. For example, narrowband devices near transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 can decode the RTS signal and, at least in part, decide not to transmit for a certain period of time based on the RTS signal. This time value may be programmed and / or otherwise pre-configured (e.g., according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol and / or another standard), or it may be indicated by the transmitter 405 using an RTS signal.

[0068] In some embodiments, the amount of time between transmitting a CTS over a wideband frequency and transmitting an RTS over a narrowband frequency may be at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and the switching time. For example, the inter-frame interval may include a short inter-frame space (SIFS) associated with the wideband frequency. In some embodiments, the SIFS associated with the wideband frequency may be down-clocked. For example, the amount of time associated with the SIFS may be increased because the transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 may operate at a reduced clock rate.

[0069] The switching time may include the amount of time required for the transmitter 405 to reconfigure (e.g., using one or more digital and / or analog signals) one or more antennas, RF chains, and / or other hardware transmission components to transmit on a narrowband frequency after transmitting on a broadband frequency. In some embodiments, the amount of time between transmitting a CTS on a broadband frequency and transmitting an RTS on a narrowband frequency may also be based on the amount of time required for the modem driver, operating system, and / or another higher-level software to generate instructions (which cause the transmitter 405 to transmit an RTS on a narrowband frequency). In some embodiments, the transmitter 405 may include hardware configured for broadband communication, which is at least partially separate from the hardware configured for narrowband communication. Therefore, in some embodiments, the switching time for the transmitter 405 may be zero.

[0070] As shown via component symbol 425, receiver 410 can transmit CTS signals on a narrowband and at least partially based on RTS signals, and transmitter 405 can receive CTS signals on a narrowband and at least partially based on RTS signals. For example, receiver 410 can transmit CTS signals with preamble signals associated with the narrowband according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The CTS signal can prevent information (e.g., information received as described below in conjunction with component symbol 435) from interfering with transmissions from other narrowband devices near transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410. For example, narrowband devices near transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 can decode the CTS signal and determine, at least partially based on the CTS signal, not to transmit for a certain amount of time. This amount of time can be programmed and / or otherwise pre-configured (e.g., according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol and / or another standard), or it can be indicated by receiver 410 using the CTS signal.

[0071] In some embodiments, the amount of time between receiving the RTS on the narrow band and transmitting the CTS on the narrow band can be at least partially based on the inter-frame interval. For example, the inter-frame interval can include the SIFS associated with the narrow band. In some embodiments, the SIFS associated with the narrow band may be down-clocked. For example, the amount of time associated with the SIFS can be increased because the transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 can operate at a reduced clock rate.

[0072] Alternatively or supplementarily, transmitter 405 may receive CTS signals within a threshold time period. In some embodiments, the threshold time period may be at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and switching time. The switching time may include the amount of time that receiver 410 has been able to reconfigure (e.g., using one or more digital and / or analog signals) one or more antennas, RF chains, and / or other hardware transmission components to transmit on a narrowband after transmitting on a broadband network. In some embodiments, receiver 410 may include hardware configured for broadband communication that is at least partially separate from hardware configured for narrowband communication. Therefore, in some embodiments, the switching time for receiver 410 may be zero.

[0073] In some configurations, the threshold time may also be based on the amount of time required for the modem driver, operating system, and / or another higher-level software to generate instructions (which cause the receiver 410 to transmit a CTS on the narrowband). Therefore, if the transmitter 405 does not receive a CTS signal within the threshold time, the transmitter 405 may avoid transmitting information (e.g., as described below in conjunction with component symbol 435). For example, the transmitter 405 may determine that the receiver 410 is not transmitting a CTS signal on the narrowband because other narrowband devices near the receiver 410 are scheduling at least one other transmission, causing the information to conflict with at least one other transmission.

[0074] As shown via component symbol 430, receiver 410 can transmit a CTS signal over broadband. For example, receiver 410 can transmit a CTS signal with a preamble associated with broadband according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The CTS signal can prevent information (e.g., information to be received as described below in conjunction with component symbol 435) from interfering with transmissions from other broadband devices near receiver 410. For example, broadband devices near receiver 410 can decode the CTS signal and decide not to transmit for a certain period of time, at least in part, based on the CTS signal. This period of time can be programmed and / or otherwise pre-configured (e.g., according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol and / or another standard), or it can be indicated by receiver 410 using the CTS signal.

[0075] In some embodiments, the amount of time between transmitting a CTS on a narrowband and transmitting a CTS on a wideband may be at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and the switching time. For example, the inter-frame interval may include the SIFS associated with the narrowband (e.g., as described above). The switching time may include the amount of time after the receiver 410 has transmitted on the narrowband for reconfiguring (e.g., using one or more digital and / or analog signals) one or more antennas, RF chains, and / or other hardware transmission components to transmit on the wideband. In some embodiments, the amount of time between transmitting a CTS on a narrowband and transmitting a CTS on a wideband may also be based on the amount of time for the modem driver, operating system, and / or another higher-level software to generate instructions (which cause the receiver 410 to transmit a CTS on the wideband).

[0076] In some embodiments, receiver 410 may transmit CTS signals over a wide bandwidth based at least in part on receiving RTS signals over a narrow bandwidth. For example, higher-level software may determine, at least in part, whether to transmit CTS signals over a wide bandwidth in addition to those transmitted over a narrow bandwidth, based at least in part on the RTS signals. Therefore, receiver 410 may use a hardware-implemented MAC layer and higher-level software that enables the transmission of CTS signals over a wide bandwidth. Thus, a hardware-based MAC layer can implement the techniques described in conjunction with FIG4 without being replaced by new hardware.

[0077] As indicated by component symbol 435, transmitter 405 can transmit information on a narrow frequency band at least in part based on a CTS signal on the narrow frequency band, and receiver 410 can receive information on the narrow frequency band at least in part based on a CTS signal on the narrow frequency band. As shown in FIG4, transmitter 405 does not receive a CTS signal from receiver 410 on a wide frequency band. Therefore, transmitter 405 can transmit information on the narrow frequency band at least in part based on a programmed (and / or otherwise pre-configured) amount of time after receiving a CTS signal on the narrow frequency band. For example, transmitter 405 may estimate the amount of time based at least in part on the following: inter-frame interval (e.g., SIFS associated with narrowband, as described above), switching time (e.g., the amount of time for receiver 410 to reconfigure for transmission on wideband after transmission on narrowband, as described above), the amount of time for higher-level software of receiver 410 to generate instructions for receiver 410 to transmit CTS on wideband, at least in part on an estimated amount of time based on any hardware and / or software delay between receiver 410 receiving RTS on wideband and transmitting CTS, and / or at least in part on an estimated amount of time for wideband devices near receiver 410 to receive CTS on wideband and avoid transmission on wideband.

[0078] As shown via element symbol 440, receiver 410 can transmit an acknowledgment (ACK) signal on the narrowband at least in part based on information, and transmitter 405 can receive an ACK signal on the narrowband at least in part based on information. For example, receiver 410 can transmit ACK frames and / or block acknowledgment (BA) frames with a preamble signal associated with the narrowband, in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 protocol. In some cases, the amount of time between receiving information on the narrowband and transmitting an ACK signal on the narrowband can be at least in part based on the inter-frame interval. For example, the inter-frame interval can include a SIFS associated with the narrowband (e.g., as described above).

[0079] In some cases, receiver 410 may not receive information within a threshold time period. For example, when receiver 410 does not receive information within the threshold time period, receiver 410 may send a contention-free end (CF-END) frame and / or otherwise indicate that no information has been received, in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 protocol. Therefore, receiver 410 may determine, at least in part, that transmitter 405 is not transmitting information on the narrow band and / or that information is lost, based on poor radio conditions or interference.

[0080] By using the technique described in conjunction with FIG4, transmitter 405 and receiver 410 can communicate using selected frequency bands in either broadband or narrowband. Furthermore, transmitter 405 and receiver 410 can transmit signals on both broadband and narrowband before communication. Therefore, transmitter 405 and receiver 410 can avoid collisions and improve communication quality and / or reliability. Additionally, transmitter 405 and receiver 410 can communicate over longer distances (e.g., via narrowband communication, as shown in FIG4), but can also increase transmission capacity over shorter distances (e.g., via broadband communication).

[0081] As indicated above, Figure 4 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described with respect to Figure 4.

[0082] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example 500 associated with the use of broadband and narrowband communication with a mobile station according to the content of this case. As shown in Figure 5, the transmitter 405 and the receiver 410 can communicate wirelessly with each other (e.g., according to WLAN standards such as the IEEE 802.11 protocol). In some embodiments, the transmitter 405 may include one of the controller 305 or the mobile station 315, as described above in conjunction with Figure 3. Similarly, the receiver 410 may include the other of the controller 305 or the mobile station 315, as described above in conjunction with Figure 3.

[0083] Transmitter 405 may have information to be transmitted to receiver 410 using a selected frequency band, either wideband (e.g., associated with a bandwidth equal to or greater than 20 MHz) or narrowband (e.g., associated with a bandwidth less than 20 MHz). Transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 may select the frequency band using the type of transmission and / or at least one distance between transmitter 405 and receiver 410, as described above in conjunction with Figure 3. In Example 500, transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 may select a narrowband.

[0084] Therefore, as indicated by component symbol 505, transmitter 405 can transmit a CTS signal over broadband. For example, transmitter 405 can transmit a CTS signal with a preamble associated with broadband according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The CTS signal can prevent information (e.g., information transmitted as described below in conjunction with component symbol 525) from interfering with transmissions from other broadband devices near transmitter 405. For example, broadband devices near transmitter 405 can decode the CTS signal and decide, at least in part, not to transmit for a certain amount of time based on the CTS signal. This amount of time can be programmed and / or otherwise pre-configured (e.g., according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol and / or another standard), or it can be indicated by transmitter 405 using the CTS signal.

[0085] As shown via component symbol 510, transmitter 405 can transmit RTS signals on a narrowband, and receiver 410 can receive RTS signals on a narrowband. For example, transmitter 405 can transmit RTS signals with preambles associated with the narrowband according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The RTS signal can prevent information (e.g., information transmitted as described below in conjunction with component symbol 525) from interfering with transmissions from other narrowband devices near transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410. For example, narrowband devices near transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 can decode the RTS signal and, at least in part, decide not to transmit for a certain time period based on the RTS signal. This time value may be programmed and / or otherwise pre-configured (e.g., according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol and / or another standard), or it may be indicated by the transmitter 405 using an RTS signal.

[0086] In some embodiments, the amount of time between transmitting CTS over a wideband frequency and transmitting RTS over a narrowband frequency may be at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and the switching time. For example, the inter-frame interval may include the SIFS associated with the wideband frequency. In some embodiments, the SIFS associated with the wideband frequency may be down-clocked. For example, the amount of time associated with the SIFS may be increased because the transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 may operate at a reduced clock rate.

[0087] The switching time may include the amount of time required for the transmitter 405 to reconfigure (e.g., using one or more digital and / or analog signals) one or more antennas, RF chains, and / or other hardware transmission components to transmit on a narrowband frequency after transmitting on a broadband frequency. In some embodiments, the transmitter 405 may include hardware configured for broadband communication, which is at least partially decoupled from the hardware configured for narrowband communication. Therefore, in some embodiments, the switching time for the transmitter 405 may be zero. In some embodiments, the amount of time between transmitting a CTS on a broadband frequency and transmitting an RTS on a narrowband frequency may also be based on the amount of time required for the modem driver, operating system, and / or another higher-level software to generate instructions (which cause the transmitter 405 to transmit an RTS on a narrowband frequency).

[0088] As shown via component symbol 515, receiver 410 can transmit a CTS signal over broadband. For example, receiver 410 can transmit a CTS signal with a preamble associated with broadband according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The CTS signal can prevent information (e.g., information received as described below in conjunction with component symbol 525) from interfering with transmissions from other broadband devices near receiver 410. For example, broadband devices near receiver 410 can decode the CTS signal and determine, at least in part, not to transmit for a certain time period based on the CTS signal. This time period can be programmed and / or otherwise pre-configured (e.g., according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol and / or another standard), or it can be indicated by receiver 410 using the CTS signal.

[0089] In some embodiments, the amount of time between transmitting a CTS on a narrowband and transmitting a CTS on a wideband may be at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and the switching time. For example, the inter-frame interval may include the SIFS associated with the narrowband. In some embodiments, the SIFS associated with the narrowband may be down-frequency. For example, the amount of time associated with the SIFS may be increased because the transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 may operate at a reduced clock rate. The switching time may include the amount of time after the receiver 410 has transmitted on the narrowband for reconfiguring (e.g., using one or more digital and / or analog signals) one or more antennas, RF chains, and / or other hardware transmission components for transmission on the wideband. In some embodiments, the receiver 410 may include hardware configured for communication on the wideband, which is at least partially separate from the hardware configured for communication on the narrowband. Therefore, in some embodiments, the switching time for the receiver 410 may be zero.

[0090] In some embodiments, receiver 410 may transmit a CTS signal over broadband based at least in part on receiving an RTS signal over a narrowband. For example, the MAC layer of receiver 410 may determine, at least in part, to transmit a CTS signal over broadband in addition to the CTS signal transmitted over the narrowband, based at least in part on the RTS signal. Therefore, receiver 410 may use a hardware-implemented MAC layer that triggers the transmission of a CTS signal over both broadband and narrowband in response to receiving an RTS signal over the narrowband. Alternatively, receiver 410 may use a software-implemented MAC layer that includes instructions to transmit a CTS signal over both broadband and narrowband in response to receiving an RTS signal over the narrowband. The MAC layer described above reduces the latency between receiving an RTS signal over the narrowband and transmitting a CTS signal over broadband, resulting in lower latency in instance 500 compared to instance 400. In addition, transmitter 405 can send information without waiting for the amount of time required for programming (e.g., as described above in conjunction with element symbol 435 in FIG4), which reduces latency and improves reliability.

[0091] As shown via component symbol 520, receiver 410 can transmit CTS signals on a narrowband and at least partially based on RTS signals, and transmitter 405 can receive CTS signals on a narrowband and at least partially based on RTS signals. For example, receiver 410 can transmit CTS signals with preamble signals associated with the narrowband according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol. The CTS signal can prevent information (e.g., information received as described below in conjunction with component symbol 525) from interfering with transmissions from transmitter 405 and / or other narrowband devices near receiver 410. For example, narrowband devices near transmitter 405 and / or receiver 410 can decode the CTS signal and determine, at least partially based on the CTS signal, not to transmit for a certain amount of time. This amount of time can be programmed and / or otherwise pre-configured (e.g., according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol and / or another standard), or it can be indicated by receiver 410 using the CTS signal.

[0092] In some embodiments, the amount of time between transmitting a CTS over broadband and transmitting a CTS over narrowband may be at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and the switching time. For example, the inter-frame interval may include the SIFS associated with broadband (e.g., as described above). The switching time may include the amount of time that the receiver 410 has to reconfigure (e.g., using one or more digital and / or analog signals) one or more antennas, RF chains, and / or other hardware transmission components to transmit over narrowband after transmitting over broadband.

[0093] Alternatively or supplementarily, transmitter 405 may receive a CTS signal within a threshold time period. In some cases, the threshold time period may be at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and switching time. Therefore, when transmitter 405 does not receive a CTS signal within the threshold time period, transmitter 405 may avoid transmitting information (e.g., as described below in conjunction with element symbol 435). For example, transmitter 405 may determine that receiver 410 is not transmitting a CTS signal on the narrowband because other narrowband devices near receiver 410 are scheduling at least one other transmission, causing the information to conflict with at least one other transmission.

[0094] As shown via component symbol 525, transmitter 405 can transmit information on a narrow frequency band at least partially based on a CTS signal on the narrow frequency band, and receiver 410 can receive information on the narrow frequency band at least partially based on a CTS signal on the narrow frequency band. As shown in FIG4, receiver 410 can transmit a CTS signal on a wide frequency band before transmitting a CTS signal on the narrow frequency band. Therefore, transmitter 405 can transmit information on the narrow frequency band after receiving a CTS signal on the narrow frequency band. For example, transmitter 405 can avoid waiting for a certain amount of programming time (e.g., as described above in conjunction with component symbol 435 of FIG4), which reduces the latency for transmitting information and improves reliability.

[0095] As shown via component symbol 530, receiver 410 can transmit an ACK signal on the narrowband at least partially based on information, and transmitter 405 can receive an ACK signal on the narrowband at least partially based on information. For example, receiver 410 can transmit an ACK frame and / or BA frame with a preamble signal associated with the narrowband according to the IEEE 802.11 protocol. In some cases, the amount of time between receiving information on the narrowband and transmitting an ACK signal on the narrowband can be at least partially based on the inter-frame interval. For example, the inter-frame interval can include the SIFS associated with the narrowband (e.g., as described above).

[0096] In some cases, receiver 410 may not receive information within a threshold time period. For example, when receiver 410 does not receive information within the threshold time period, receiver 410 may send a CF-END frame and / or otherwise indicate that no information has been received, in accordance with the IEEE 802.11 protocol. Therefore, receiver 410 may determine, at least in part, that transmitter 405 has not transmitted information on the narrow band and / or that information has been lost, based on poor radio conditions or interference.

[0097] By using the techniques described in conjunction with FIG. 5, transmitter 405 and receiver 410 can communicate using selected frequency bands in either broadband or narrowband. Furthermore, transmitter 405 and receiver 410 can transmit signals on both broadband and narrowband before communication. Therefore, transmitter 405 and receiver 410 can avoid collisions and improve communication quality and / or reliability. Additionally, transmitter 405 and receiver 410 can communicate over longer distances (e.g., via narrowband communication, as shown in FIG. 5), but can also increase transmission capacity over shorter distances (e.g., via broadband communication).

[0098] As indicated above, Figure 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from those described with respect to Figure 5.

[0099] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating, for example, an example program 600 executed by a transmitter according to the contents of this case. Example program 600 is an example in which a transmitter (e.g., transmitter 405 and / or device 800 of Figure 8) performs operations associated with the use of nominal and sub-band preamble signals for extended range.

[0100] As shown in FIG6, in some versions, program 600 may include: detecting at least one distance between the transmitter and the receiver (e.g., receiver 410 and / or device 900 of FIG9) (block 610). For example, the transmitter (e.g., using the mobility element 808 illustrated in FIG8) may detect at least one distance between the transmitter and the receiver as described above.

[0101] As further illustrated in FIG6, in some embodiments, procedure 600 may include: transmitting information to a receiver using a selected frequency band in a wideband or narrowband configuration (block 620). For example, a transmitter (e.g., using the transmitting component 804 illustrated in FIG8) may transmit information using the selected frequency band, as described above. In some embodiments, the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0102] Program 600 may include additional patterns, such as any single pattern or any combination thereof described below and / or in combination with one or more other patterns described elsewhere herein.

[0103] In the first state, the transmitter includes a drone, UE, IBSS node, P2P node, NAN node, WLAN access point, WLAN station or controller device.

[0104] In the second state sample, either alone or in combination with the first state sample, the narrow frequency has a bandwidth of less than 20 MHz, and the wide frequency has a bandwidth of greater than or equal to 20 MHz.

[0105] In the third state sample, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second state samples, the information includes at least one of low-volume data or high-volume data, the low-volume data including control data, event information, status information or text information, and the high-volume data including video streams or large files.

[0106] In the fourth state sample, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third state samples, the narrow frequency includes at least one frequency included in the wide frequency.

[0107] In the fifth state sample, the selected frequency band is narrowband, either alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the fourth state samples; the procedure 600 also includes: transmitting a clear transmission signal on a wideband (e.g., using the transmitting unit 804), transmitting a request transmission signal on a narrowband (e.g., using the transmitting unit 804), and receiving a clear transmission signal on the narrowband and at least in part based on the transmission request transmission signal (e.g., using the receiving unit 802 illustrated in FIG8); and the information is transmitted at least in part based on receiving the clear transmission signal.

[0108] In the sixth state, either alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the fifth state, the procedure 600 also includes: receiving (e.g., using receiving component 802) an acknowledgment signal on a narrow frequency and at least in part based on the transmitted information.

[0109] In the seventh state sample, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth state samples, it is clear that the transmitted signal is received within a threshold time amount, and the threshold time amount is at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and the switching time.

[0110] In the eighth state sample, the frame interval is down-frequency, either alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the seventh state samples.

[0111] In the ninth state, information is transmitted, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth states, based at least in part on the amount of time programmed after receiving the clear send signal.

[0112] In the tenth state, information is transmitted alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the ninth state, within the frame interval after the clear transmission signal is received.

[0113] In the eleventh state, either alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the tenth state, the procedure 600 also includes: sending (e.g., using the transmitting component 804) at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band to the receiver, or receiving (e.g., using the receiving component 802) at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band from the receiver.

[0114] Although Figure 6 shows an example block of program 600, in some versions, program 600 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged differently compared to those illustrated in Figure 6. Alternatively or additionally, two or more blocks in program 600 may be executed in parallel.

[0115] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating, for example, an example procedure 700 executed by a receiver according to the contents of this case. Example procedure 700 is an example in which a receiver (e.g., receiver 410 and / or device 900 of Figure 9) performs operations associated with the use of nominal and sub-band preamble signals for extended range.

[0116] As shown in FIG7, in some versions, program 700 may include: detecting at least one distance between the receiver and the transmitter (e.g., transmitter 405 and / or device 800 of FIG8) (block 710). For example, the receiver (e.g., using the detection component 908 illustrated in FIG9) may detect at least one distance between the receiver and the transmitter as described above.

[0117] As further illustrated in FIG7, in some embodiments, procedure 700 may include receiving information from a transmitter using a selected frequency band in a wideband or narrowband configuration (block 720). For example, a receiver (e.g., using the receiver component 902 illustrated in FIG9) may use the selected frequency band to receive information as described above. In some embodiments, the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0118] Procedure 700 may include additional patterns, such as any single pattern or any combination thereof described below and / or in combination with one or more other patterns described elsewhere herein.

[0119] In the first state sample, the receiver includes a drone, UE, IBSS node, P2P node, NAN node, WLAN access point, WLAN station or controller device.

[0120] In the second state sample, either alone or in combination with the first state sample, the narrow frequency has a bandwidth of less than 20 MHz, and the wide frequency has a bandwidth of greater than or equal to 20 MHz.

[0121] In the third state sample, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second state samples, the information includes at least one of low-volume data or high-volume data, the low-volume data including control data, event information, status information or text information, and the high-volume data including video streams or large files.

[0122] In the fourth state sample, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to third state samples, the narrow frequency includes at least one frequency included in the wide frequency.

[0123] In the fifth state sample, the selected frequency band is narrowband, either alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the fourth state samples; the procedure 700 also includes: receiving (e.g., using receiving unit 902) a request to transmit signal on the narrow band, transmitting (e.g., using transmitting unit 904 illustrated in FIG9) a clear transmit signal on the narrow band and at least in part based on receiving the request to transmit signal, and transmitting (e.g., using transmitting unit 904) a clear transmit signal on the wide band; and the information is received at least in part based on transmitting the clear transmit signal on the narrow band.

[0124] In the sixth state sample, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to fifth state samples, the procedure 700 also includes: transmitting (e.g., using the transmitting component 904) an acknowledgment signal on a narrow frequency and at least in part based on the received information.

[0125] In the seventh state sample, information is received within a threshold time period, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to sixth state samples, and the threshold time period is at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and the switching time.

[0126] In the eighth state sample, the frame interval is reduced, either alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the seventh state samples.

[0127] In the ninth state, information is received, either alone or in combination with one or more of the first to eighth states, based at least in part on the amount of time of the program design following the transmission of the clear signal on the narrow frequency.

[0128] In the tenth state sample, the clear transmission signal over the broadband is transmitted alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the ninth state samples, during the frame interval and switching time after the request transmission signal is received.

[0129] In the eleventh state, the clear transmission signal over the broadband is transmitted alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the tenth state using a hardware-implemented MAC layer.

[0130] In the twelfth state, the clear transmission signal over the broadband is transmitted alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the eleventh state using a software-implemented MAC layer.

[0131] In the thirteenth state sample, either alone or in combination with one or more states from the first to the twelfth states sample, the procedure 700 also includes: sending to the transmitter (e.g., using the transmitting component 904) at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band, or receiving from the transmitter (e.g., using the receiving component 902) at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band.

[0132] Although Figure 7 shows an example block of program 700, in some versions, program 700 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or blocks arranged differently compared to those illustrated in Figure 7. Alternatively or additionally, two or more blocks in program 700 may be executed in parallel.

[0133] FIG8 is a block diagram of an example device 800 for wireless communication. Device 800 may be a transmitter, or a transmitter may include device 800. In some embodiments, device 800 includes a receiving component 802 and a transmitting component 804, which can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, device 800 may use the receiving component 802 and the transmitting component 804 to communicate with another device 806 (such as a receiver or another wireless communication device). As further shown, device 800 may include a mobility component 808 and other embodiments.

[0134] In some embodiments, device 800 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in conjunction with Figures 3-5. Alternatively or additionally, device 800 may be configured to perform one or more programs (such as program 600 of Figure 6) or combinations thereof described herein. In some embodiments, device 800 and / or one or more components shown in Figure 8 may include one or more components of the UE and / or base station described above in conjunction with Figure 2. Alternatively or additionally, one or more components shown in Figure 8 may be implemented within one or more components described above in conjunction with Figure 2. Alternatively or additionally, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0135] The receiving component 802 may receive communications from the device 806, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. The receiving component 802 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 800. In some embodiments, the receiving component 802 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, and other instances), and may provide the processed signal to one or more other components of the device 806. In some embodiments, the receiving component 802 may include one or more antennas, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof of the UE and / or base station described above in conjunction with FIG. 2.

[0136] Transmitting component 804 can transmit communications to device 806, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, one or more other components of device 806 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 804 for transmission to device 806. In some embodiments, transmitting component 806 can perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, and other instances), and can transmit the processed signals to device 806. In some embodiments, transmitting component 804 may include one or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof of the UE and / or base station described above in conjunction with FIG. 2. In some embodiments, transmitting component 804 may be co-located with receiving component 802 in a transceiver.

[0137] In some embodiments, mobility component 808 can detect at least one distance between device 800 and device 806. In some embodiments, mobility component 808 may include a transmit MIMO processor, transmit processor, MIMO detector, receive processor, controller / processor, memory, or a combination thereof of the UE and / or base station described above in conjunction with FIG2. Furthermore, transmit component 804 may transmit information to device 806 using a selected frequency band in either broadband or narrowband. In some embodiments, the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance. For example, mobility component 808 may use at least one distance and a threshold distance to select a frequency band.

[0138] In some configurations, the transmitting unit 804 may transmit at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band to the device 806. Alternatively or supplementarily, the receiving unit 802 may receive at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band from the device 806.

[0139] Before transmitting information, the transmitting unit 804 may transmit a clear transmission signal on a wide frequency band and a request transmission signal on a narrow frequency band. Therefore, the receiving unit 802 may receive the clear transmission signal on a narrow frequency band and at least partially based on the request transmission signal transmitted by the transmitting unit 804. Therefore, the transmitting unit 804 may transmit information based at least partially on the clear transmission signal received by the receiving unit 802.

[0140] In some configurations, the receiving unit 802 may also receive an acknowledgment signal on a narrow frequency band and at least in part based on information transmitted by the transmitting unit 804.

[0141] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 8 are provided as examples. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged differently compared to those shown in Figure 8. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 8 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 8 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a group (one or more) of components shown in Figure 8 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another group of components shown in Figure 8.

[0142] FIG9 is a block diagram of an example device 900 for wireless communication. Device 900 may be a receiver, or a receiver may include device 900. In some embodiments, device 900 includes a receiving component 902 and a transmitting component 904, which can communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, device 900 may use the receiving component 902 and the transmitting component 904 to communicate with another device 906 (such as a transmitter or another wireless communication device). As further shown, device 900 may include a detection component 908 and other embodiments.

[0143] In some embodiments, device 900 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in conjunction with Figures 3-5. Alternatively or additionally, device 900 may be configured to perform one or more programs (such as program 700 of Figure 7) or combinations thereof described herein. In some embodiments, device 900 and / or one or more components shown in Figure 9 may include one or more components of the UE and / or base station described above in conjunction with Figure 2. Alternatively or additionally, one or more components shown in Figure 9 may be implemented within one or more components described above in conjunction with Figure 2. Alternatively or additionally, one or more components in the set of components may be implemented at least partially as software stored in memory. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by a controller or processor to perform the function or operation of the component.

[0144] The receiving component 902 may receive communications from the device 906, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. The receiving component 902 may provide the received communications to one or more other components of the device 900. In some embodiments, the receiving component 902 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, demapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, and other instances), and may provide the processed signal to one or more other components of the device 906. In some embodiments, the receiving component 902 may include one or more antennas, demodulators, MIMO detectors, receiver processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof of the UE and / or base station described above in conjunction with FIG. 2.

[0145] Transmitting component 904 can transmit communications to device 906, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, one or more other components of device 906 can generate communications and provide the generated communications to transmitting component 904 for transmission to device 906. In some embodiments, transmitting component 904 can perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, and other instances), and can transmit the processed signals to device 906. In some embodiments, transmitting component 904 may include one or more antennas, modulators, transmit MIMO processors, transmit processors, controllers / processors, memory, or combinations thereof of the UE and / or base station described above in conjunction with FIG. 2. In some embodiments, transmitting component 904 may be co-located with receiving component 902 in a transceiver.

[0146] In some embodiments, the detection unit 908 can detect at least one distance between device 900 and device 906. In some embodiments, the detection unit 908 may include a transmit MIMO processor, transmit processor, MIMO detector, receive processor, controller / processor, memory, or a combination thereof of the UE and / or base station described above in conjunction with FIG2. Furthermore, the receive unit 902 may receive information from device 906 using a selected frequency band in either broadband or narrowband. In some embodiments, the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance. For example, the detection unit 908 may use at least one distance and a threshold distance to select the frequency band.

[0147] In some configurations, the transmitting unit 904 may transmit at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band to the device 906. Alternatively or supplementarily, the receiving unit 902 may receive at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band from the device 906.

[0148] Before receiving information, the receiving unit 902 can receive a request to transmit signal on a narrow frequency. Therefore, the transmitting unit 904 can transmit a clear transmission signal on a narrow frequency and at least partially based on the receiving unit 902 receiving the request to transmit signal. Additionally, the transmitting unit 904 can transmit a clear transmission signal on a wide frequency. Therefore, the receiving unit 902 can receive information at least partially based on the transmitting unit 904 transmitting a clear transmission signal on a narrow frequency.

[0149] In some cases, the transmitting unit 904 may transmit an acknowledgment signal on a narrow frequency band and based at least in part on information received by the receiving unit 902.

[0150] The number and arrangement of components shown in Figure 9 are provided as examples. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or components arranged differently compared to those shown in Figure 9. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Figure 9 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Figure 9 may be implemented as multiple distributed components. Additionally or alternatively, a group (one or more) of components shown in Figure 9 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another group of components shown in Figure 9.

[0151] The following provides a summary of some aspects of the case:

[0152] Sample 1: A method of wireless communication performed by a transmitter, comprising: detecting at least one distance between the transmitter and a receiver; and transmitting information to the receiver using a selected frequency band in a broadband or narrowband manner, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0153] State 2: According to the method of State 1, the transmitter includes a drone, user equipment, independent basic service set node, peer node, neighbor sensing network node, wireless local area network (WLAN) access point, WLAN station or controller device.

[0154] State 3: The method according to any of the states 1 to 2, wherein the narrow frequency has a bandwidth of less than 20 MHz and the wide frequency has a bandwidth of greater than or equal to 20 MHz.

[0155] State 4: The method according to any of the states 1 to 3, wherein the information includes at least one of low-transmission data or high-transmission data, the low-transmission data including control data, event information, status information or text information, and the high-transmission data including video stream or large file.

[0156] State 5: The method according to any of the states 1 to 4, wherein the narrowband includes at least one frequency included in the wideband.

[0157] State 6: The method according to any of the states 1 to 5, wherein the selected frequency band is narrow band, and wherein the method also includes: transmitting a clear transmission signal on a wide band; transmitting a request transmission signal on a narrow band; and receiving a clear transmission signal on the narrow band and at least in part based on transmitting the request transmission signal, wherein information is transmitted at least in part based on receiving the clear transmission signal.

[0158] State 7: According to the method of State 6, wherein the clear transmission signal is received within a threshold time, and the threshold time is at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and the switching time.

[0159] State 8: According to the method of State 7, the interval between frames is reduced.

[0160] State 9: The method according to any of the states 6 to 8, wherein the information is sent based at least in part on the amount of time of programming after receiving the clear send signal.

[0161] State 10: The method according to any of the states 6 to 8, wherein the information is sent within the frame interval after the clear send signal is received.

[0162] State 11: The method according to any of the states 1 to 10 also includes: receiving an acknowledgment signal on a narrow frequency and at least in part based on the transmitted information.

[0163] State 12: The method according to any of the states 1 to 11 also includes: sending at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band to the receiver; or receiving at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band from the receiver.

[0164] Sample 13: A method of wireless communication performed by a receiver, comprising: detecting at least one distance between the receiver and a transmitter; and receiving information from the transmitter using a selected frequency band in a broadband or narrowband manner, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on at least one distance.

[0165] State 14: According to the method of State 13, the receiver includes a drone, user equipment, independent basic service set node, peer node, neighbor sensing network node, wireless local area network (WLAN) access point, WLAN station or controller device.

[0166] State 15: The method according to any of the states 13 to 14, wherein the narrow band has a bandwidth of less than 20 MHz and the wide band has a bandwidth of greater than or equal to 20 MHz.

[0167] State 16: The method according to any of the states 13 to 15, wherein the information includes at least one of low-transmission data or high-transmission data, the low-transmission data including control data, event information, status information or text information, and the high-transmission data including video stream or large file.

[0168] State 17: The method according to any of the states 13 to 16, wherein the narrowband includes at least one frequency included in the wideband.

[0169] State 18: The method according to any of the states 13 to 17, wherein the selected frequency band is a narrow band, and wherein the method also includes: receiving a request to transmit signal on the narrow band; transmitting a clear transmit signal on the narrow band and at least in part based on receiving the request to transmit signal; and transmitting a clear transmit signal on a wide band, wherein the information is received at least in part based on transmitting the clear transmit signal on the narrow band.

[0170] State 19: According to the method of State 18, the information is received within a threshold time, and the threshold time is at least partially based on the inter-frame interval and the switching time.

[0171] State 20: According to the method of State 19, the interval between frames is reduced.

[0172] State 21: The method according to any of the states 18 to 20, wherein the information is received based at least in part on the amount of time of the program design after the clear transmission signal is sent on the narrow frequency.

[0173] State 22: The method according to any of the states 18 to 20, wherein the clear transmission signal on the broadband is transmitted during the frame interval and switching time after the request transmission signal is received.

[0174] State 23: The method according to any of the states 18 to 22, wherein the clear transmission signal over broadband is transmitted using a hardware-implemented media access control layer.

[0175] State 24: The method according to any of the states 18 to 22, wherein the clear transmission signal over broadband is transmitted using a media access control layer implemented in software.

[0176] State 25: The method according to any of the states 13 to 24 also includes: sending an acknowledgment signal on a narrow frequency and at least in part based on received information.

[0177] State 26: The method according to any of the states 13 to 25 also includes: sending at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band to the transmitter; or receiving at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band from the transmitter.

[0178] State 27: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of the states 1-12.

[0179] State 28: A device for wireless communication, comprising a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more of the states 1-12.

[0180] State 29: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to one or more of states 1-12.

[0181] Format 30: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to one or more of formats 1-12.

[0182] State 31: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set including one or more instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors of the device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of the states 1-12.

[0183] State 32: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to one or more of states 13-26.

[0184] State 33: A device for wireless communication, including a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory, the memory and the one or more processors being configured to perform the method according to one or more states 13-26.

[0185] State 34: An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising at least one unit for performing the method according to one or more states 13-26.

[0186] Format 35: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method described according to one or more formats 13-26.

[0187] Speech 36: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing an instruction set for wireless communication, the instruction set including one or more instructions, which, when executed by one or more processors of the device, cause the device to perform the method according to one or more of the specifications 13-26.

[0188] The foregoing disclosure provides explanation and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the various forms to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in accordance with the foregoing disclosure, or modifications and variations may be derived from practice with the various forms.

[0189] As used herein, the term "component" is intended to be interpreted broadly as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, "software" should be interpreted broadly as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code, code fragments, code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, norms, sub-norms, objects, executable files, threads of execution, programs and / or functions, and other instances thereof. As used herein, processors are implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that the systems and / or methods described herein can be implemented in various forms of hardware and / or combinations of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not a limitation on the variety. Therefore, this paper describes the operation and behavior of the system and / or methods without referencing any specific software code. It is to be understood that the software and hardware may be designed to implement the system and / or methods based at least in part on the description herein.

[0190] As used herein, depending on the context, satisfying a threshold can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0191] Even specific combinations of features described in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification are not intended to limit the disclosure of each variant. In fact, many features can be combined in a manner not specifically described in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may depend directly on only one claim, the disclosure of each variant includes combinations of each dependent claim with other claims in each of the claim sets. As used herein, the phrase “at least one of” in the list of items means any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination of multiples of the same element (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc, and ccc, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0192] Elements, actions, or instructions used herein should not be construed as essential or necessary unless explicitly stated otherwise. Furthermore, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced by the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, or a combination of related and unrelated items) and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is anticipated, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” etc., are intended to be open-ended terms. Furthermore, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “at least partially based on.” Furthermore, as used herein, the term "or" is intended to be inclusive when used in a series, and may be used interchangeably with "and / or" unless otherwise expressly stated (e.g., when used in conjunction with "any" or "only one of"). [Simplified Explanation of the Diagram]

[0016] In order to fully understand the above-described features of this invention, a more specific description of the content briefly outlined above can be obtained by referring to various embodiments (some of which are shown in the accompanying drawings). However, it should be noted that the accompanying drawings only show certain typical embodiments of this invention and are therefore not considered as limiting its scope, as the specification may acknowledge other equally valid embodiments. The same element symbols in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network according to the contents of this case.

[0018] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of communication between a base station and a UE in a wireless network according to the contents of this case.

[0019] Figures 3, 4 and 5 are schematic diagrams illustrating examples of broadband and narrowband communications associated with the use of mobile stations according to the content of this case.

[0020] Figures 6 and 7 are schematic diagrams illustrating example procedures related to the use of broadband and narrowband communications with mobile stations according to the contents of this case.

[0021] Figures 8 and 9 are block diagrams of an example device for wireless communication according to the contents of this case. [Biomaterial Storage]

[0194] Domestic storage information (please note in order of storage institution, date, and number) None Foreign storage information (please note in order of storage country, institution, date, and number) None

Claims

1. A method of wireless communication performed by a transmitter (405), the method comprising the steps of: detecting (610) at least one distance between the transmitter (405) and a receiver (410); sending at least one frame to the receiver (410) indicating a selected frequency band in a wideband or a narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on the at least one distance; and sending (620) information to the receiver (410) using the selected frequency band.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter (405) includes a drone, a user equipment, an independent basic service set node, a peer node, a neighbor sensing network node, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point, a WLAN station or a controller device.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the narrow frequency has a bandwidth of less than 20 MHz and the wide frequency has a bandwidth of greater than or equal to 20 MHz; or wherein the narrow frequency includes at least one frequency included in the wide frequency.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the information includes at least one of low-volume data or high-volume data, the low-volume data including control data, event information, status information or text information, and the high-volume data including a video stream or a large file.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the selected frequency band is the narrow band, and wherein the method further comprises the steps of: transmitting a clear transmission signal on the wide band; transmitting a request transmission signal on the narrow band; and receiving a clear transmission signal on the narrow band and at least in part based on transmitting the request transmission signal, wherein the information is transmitted at least in part based on receiving the clear transmission signal.

6. The method according to claim 5 also includes the following steps: receiving an acknowledgment signal on the narrow frequency and at least in part based on transmitting the information; or the method according to claim 5, wherein the clear transmission signal is received within a threshold time, and the threshold time is at least in part based on an inter-frame interval and a switching time; particularly wherein the inter-frame interval is down-frequency; or the method according to claim 5, wherein the information is transmitted at least in part based on a programmed time after receiving the clear transmission signal; or the method according to claim 5, wherein the information is transmitted within an inter-frame interval after receiving the clear transmission signal.

7. A method of wireless communication performed by a receiver (410), the method comprising the steps of: detecting (710) at least one distance between the receiver (410) and a transmitter (405); sending to the transmitter (405) at least one frame indicating a selected frequency band in a wideband or a narrowband, wherein the selected frequency band is at least partially based on the at least one distance; and using the selected frequency band to receive (720) information from the transmitter (405).

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the receiver (410) includes a drone, a user equipment, an independent basic service set node, a peer node, a neighbor sensing network node, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point, a WLAN station or a controller device.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the narrow frequency has a bandwidth of less than 20 MHz and the wide frequency has a bandwidth of greater than or equal to 20 MHz; or wherein the narrow frequency includes at least one frequency included in the wide frequency.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the information includes at least one of low-volume data or high-volume data, the low-volume data including control data, event information, status information or text information, and the high-volume data including a video stream or a large file.

11. The method of claim 7, wherein the selected frequency band is the narrow band, and wherein the method also includes the steps of: receiving a request to transmit signal on the narrow band; transmitting a clear to transmit signal on the narrow band and at least in part based on receiving the request to transmit signal; and transmitting a clear to transmit signal on the wide band, wherein the information is received at least in part based on transmitting the clear to transmit signal on the narrow band.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the method also includes the steps of: transmitting an acknowledgment signal on the narrowband and at least in part based on receiving the information; or wherein the information is received within a threshold time, and the threshold time is at least in part based on an inter-frame interval and a switching time; particularly wherein the inter-frame interval is down-frequency; or wherein the information is received at least in part based on a programmed time after transmitting the clear transmission signal on the narrowband; or wherein the clear transmission signal on the wideband is transmitted within an inter-frame interval and a switching time after receiving the request transmission signal; particularly wherein the clear transmission signal on the wideband is transmitted using a hardware-implemented media access control layer; or particularly wherein the clear transmission signal on the wideband is transmitted using a software-implemented media access control layer.

13. A transmitter (405) for wireless communication, comprising a unit for performing the method of any one of requests 1 to 6.

14. A receiver (410) for wireless communication, comprising a unit for performing the method of any one of claims 7 to 12.

15. A computer program including instructions that, when executed on one or more processors of a transmitter (405) for wireless communication, cause the transmitter (405) to perform the method of any one of requests 1 to 6; or a computer program including instructions that, when executed on one or more processors of a receiver (410) for wireless communication, cause the receiver (410) to perform the method of any one of requests 7 to 12.

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