Muscle enhancer

Abstract

A muscle enhancer containing polyamines and branched-chain amino acids as active ingredients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to muscle enhancers. Prior Technology

[0002] To enhance muscle mass, that is, to increase and maintain muscle mass or strength, and further, to prevent the decline of muscle mass or strength, both adequate nutrition and exercise are necessary. Furthermore, regarding nutrition, for muscle enhancement, it is generally believed that it is important to increase the absorption of nutrients or to improve the biomechanical efficiency of converting absorbed peptides or amino acids into muscle proteins.

[0003] However, muscle enhancers are generally known to use steroids or growth hormones, such as anabolic steroids (protein anabolic steroids) like testosterone cypionate or methyltestosterone. However, these muscle enhancers also raise concerns about their effects on areas other than muscles, and may have side effects such as increased blood pressure / cholesterol levels or liver damage.

[0004] Therefore, research and development have been conducted on muscle enhancers with a particular focus on safety, and examples such as the use of olive extracts have been reported (e.g., Patent Document 1). Thus, it is generally believed that as long as a muscle enhancer with a focus on safety can be provided, it can be widely used for improving athletic performance during exercise, preventing or improving obesity or metabolic syndrome, weight loss, etc. [Previous Technical Documents] [Patent Literature]

[0005] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2010-505784 Summary of the Invention

[0006] [The problem that the invention aims to solve]

[0007] The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a novel muscle enhancer that can be expected to increase the absorption of nutrient intake or improve the biofunctional efficiency of converting absorbed peptides or amino acids into muscle proteins. [Methods for solving problems]

[0008] The inventors diligently investigated in order to solve the aforementioned problems. As a result, they discovered that the aforementioned problems could be solved by using polyamines and branched-chain amino acids together, thus completing this invention.

[0009] That is, the present invention is as follows. [1] A muscle enhancer containing polyamines and branched-chain amino acids as active ingredients. [2] As described in [1], the muscle enhancer contains a polyamine selected from one or more of the group consisting of putrescine, spermidine and spermine. [3] As described in [2], the muscle enhancer contains more than 1 mg / g of spermidine per 1g of muscle enhancer. [4] Muscle enhancers described in any of [1] to [3], wherein polyamines are derived from yeast. [5] The muscle enhancer described in [4] contains yeast containing polyamines as polyamines. [6] The muscle enhancer described in [5] contains 200 to 800 mg of polyamine-containing yeast per 1 g of muscle enhancer, based on dry weight. [7] Muscle enhancers as described in [5] or [6] contain more than 1 mg / g spermidine in a dry weight of less than 6.0% moisture content. [8] Muscle enhancers described in any of [5] to [7], which further contain crystalline polysaccharides. [9] The muscle enhancer described in [8] contains yeast and crystalline polysaccharides in a mass ratio of 1:0.1 to 1.

[10] Muscle enhancers described in any of [4] to [9], wherein the yeast is a yeast belonging to the genus Saccharomyces.

[11] The muscle enhancer described in any of [1] to

[10] contains a branched-chain amino acid selected from one or more of the group consisting of L-valine, L-leucine and L-isoleucine.

[12] As described in

[11] , the muscle enhancer, when the total of L-valine, L-leucine and L-isoleucine is taken as 100 parts by weight, It contains 20-30 parts by weight of L-valine, 40-60 parts by weight of L-leucine, and 20-30 parts by weight of L-isoleucine.

[13] The muscle enhancer described in any of [1] to

[12] contains 200 to 800 mg of branched-chain amino acids on a dry weight basis relative to 1 g of the muscle enhancer.

[14] A composition containing any of the muscle enhancers described in [1] to

[13] .

[15] As described in

[14] , the components are in the form of food and drink. [Invention Effects]

[0010] According to the present invention, novel muscle enhancers are provided that can be expected to increase the absorption of nutrient intake or improve the biofunctional efficiency of converting absorbed peptides or amino acids into muscle proteins. Implementation

[0011] Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given of an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "this embodiment"). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from its spirit.

[0012] [Muscle enhancer] The muscle enhancer of this embodiment contains polyamines and branched-chain amino acids as active ingredients, and may also contain other additives such as crystalline polysaccharides as needed.

[0013] Polyamines, which are linear aliphatic hydrocarbons in the body containing two or more primary amino groups, have a high effect on cell activation, and food products containing them have been provided. The physiological functions of polyamines are known to include cell proliferation, cell differentiation promotion, immune function, anti-allergic effects, protein synthesis promotion, stabilization of structures obtained through interaction with nucleic acids, and enzyme activity regulation. This time, it has been understood that by combining such polyamines with branched-chain amino acids, a novel muscle enhancer can be provided. The following is a detailed description of each component.

[0014] (Polyamines) Polyamines are a general term for straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons with multiple amino groups. Examples include putrescine, spermidine, spermine, 1,3-diaminopropane, cadaverine, caldine, homospermidine, aminopropyl cadaverine, thermomine, thermospermine, canavalmine, aminopentyl-caldine, N,N-bis(aminopropyl)cadaverine, homospermine, thermophilic pentamine, homocaldopentamine, thermophilic hexamine, and homocaldohexamine spermidine. Among these, putrescine, spermidine, and spermine are preferred. These polyamines have high cell activation capacity, high in vivo bioavailability, and excellent functional properties. Specifically, spermidine has a higher permissible daily intake than spermine, making it a better choice for larger doses. Furthermore, the muscle-building effect tends to be enhanced when this polyamine is used in combination with branched-chain amino acids.

[0015] The preferred polyamine content per 1g of muscle enhancer is 1 mg / g or higher, more preferably 1-10 mg / g, and even more preferably 1-5 mg / g. By maintaining the polyamine content within these ranges, the muscle-enhancing effect tends to be further improved. Furthermore, the polyamine content is not limited to the above and can be used within the allowable daily intake range of specific compounds such as spermidine.

[0016] There are no particular limitations on the methods for producing polyamines. For example, methods for treating and modifying yeast cells or yeast culture under acidic conditions, methods for treating and extracting plant materials under acidic conditions, methods for producing polyamine extracts by adding salt solutions such as salt, magnesium chloride, and calcium chloride to plant materials, or methods for obtaining yeast containing polyamines, as illustrated in International Publication 2018 / 168525.

[0017] In this embodiment, the polyamines used are preferably derived from yeast, and more preferably from yeast containing polyamines. Furthermore, the yeast can be a yeast belonging to the genus *Saccharomyces*, preferably *Saccharomyces cerevisiae*. Using this type of polyamine tends to further enhance the muscle-building effect. In this case, each 1g (dry weight) of yeast may contain 1.5mg or more, preferably 2.0mg or more, and more preferably 2.5mg or more of polyamines.

[0018] In addition, in this embodiment, the term "dry quality" refers to the quality of a product with a moisture content of 6.0% or less, unless otherwise specified.

[0019] Dried yeast containing polyamines is obtained by removing yeast cells from a culture medium containing yeast using filtration or centrifugation and then drying them. Washing can also be performed to remove culture medium components. In addition, spray drying, vacuum drying, freeze drying, etc., can be used for yeast drying; those familiar with this technology can choose the appropriate drying method according to the purpose.

[0020] Furthermore, the polyamines contained in muscle enhancers can be added in the form of polyamine compounds or in the form of polyamine-containing yeast as described above. Of these, the form of polyamine-containing yeast is preferred.

[0021] Furthermore, when polyamines are added to muscle enhancers in the form of polyamine-containing yeast, the dry weight of the yeast is preferably 200-800 mg per 1g of muscle enhancer, more preferably 300-700 mg, and even more preferably 400-600 mg. By maintaining the dry weight of the polyamine-containing yeast within the above range, the muscle-enhancing effect tends to be further improved. In addition, the content of polyamines is not limited to the above and can be used within the allowable daily intake range of specific compounds such as spermidine.

[0022] Furthermore, when added in the form of yeast containing polyamines, the spermidine content per 1g of muscle enhancer is preferably 0.8 mg / g or more, more preferably 0.9 mg / g or more, and even more preferably 1 mg / g or more, in a dry weight with a moisture content of 6.0% or less. By maintaining the dry weight of the yeast containing polyamines within the above range, the muscle-enhancing effect tends to be further improved. In addition, there is no particular upper limit to the spermidine content when added in the form of yeast containing polyamines, but it is preferably 10 mg / g or less, and even more preferably 5 mg / g or less.

[0023] (branched-chain amino acids) Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are a collective term for one or more of the nine essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized in the human body. They are selected from the group consisting of L-valine, L-leucine, and L-isoleucine. They are essential nutrients for muscle energy. BCAAs are abundant in meat, fish, dairy products, and eggs. However, because they are ingested as protein, it takes several hours for them to be broken down into BCAAs and absorbed. Therefore, for efficient absorption, it is more effective to consume BCAAs as is.

[0024] The muscle enhancer of this embodiment preferably contains L-valine, L-leucine, and L-isoleucine as branched-chain amino acids. In this case, the optimal mass ratio of L-valine, L-leucine, and L-isoleucine is such that, when the total mass of L-valine, L-leucine, and L-isoleucine is 100 parts by mass, it contains 20-30 parts by mass of L-valine, 40-60 parts by mass of L-leucine, and 20-30 parts by mass of L-isoleucine. By including branched-chain amino acids in this mass ratio, the muscle-enhancing effect tends to be further improved.

[0025] Furthermore, the content of branched-chain amino acids contained in the muscle enhancer of this embodiment is preferably 200-800 mg, more preferably 300-700 mg, and even more preferably 400-600 mg, relative to 1 g of the muscle enhancer on a dry weight basis. By keeping the content of branched-chain amino acids within the above range, the muscle-enhancing effect tends to be further improved.

[0026] There are no particular limitations on the manufacturing method of branched-chain amino acids; they can be manufactured by fermentation, synthesis, purification, etc., and commercially available products can be used. The branched-chain amino acids used in this invention can be any common branched-chain amino acids.

[0027] (Crystallic polysaccharides) The muscle enhancer in this embodiment may also contain crystalline polysaccharides. Including crystalline polysaccharides not only imparts flowability or deodorization to the muscle enhancer, but also provides stability to polyamines or polyamine-containing yeasts. Furthermore, it is believed to inhibit fat absorption, thus contributing to muscle-building effects.

[0028] There are no particular limitations on the crystalline polysaccharides used; examples include naturally occurring polysaccharides such as starch, dextrin, glycogen, and cellulose, which exist in crystalline solid form. Among these, cyclodextrins, which have a cyclic structure, are suitable for use as crystalline polysaccharides. Cyclodextrins include α, β, and γ types, all of which can be used as crystalline polysaccharides. α-Cyclodextrin and γ-Cyclodextrin are preferred. Other dextrins, such as indigestible dextrins, can also be used in the composition of this invention.

[0029] Combining yeast with high levels of polyamines with crystalline polysaccharides makes stable yeast handling easier. The yeast and crystalline polysaccharides can be mixed using either dry or wet mixing methods. In the case of wet mixing, the sugars can be sterilized, mixed with the yeast, and then dried. Alternatively, the yeast can be mixed with undried yeast and then dried. Furthermore, the yeast can be cultured, centrifuged to collect / concentrate the cells, crystalline polysaccharides can be added, and then spray-dried to mix the yeast and crystalline polysaccharides.

[0030] The content of crystalline polysaccharides relative to 1g of muscle enhancer is preferably 30-500mg, more preferably 40-400mg, and even more preferably 50-300mg. By maintaining the content of crystalline polysaccharides within the above range, the muscle-enhancing effect tends to be further improved.

[0031] Furthermore, when using yeast containing polyamines, the preferred ratio of the dried weight of the yeast to the weight of the crystalline polysaccharides is 1:0.1~3, more preferably 1:0.1~2, and even more preferably 1:0.1~1. By maintaining the ratio of the dried weight of the yeast to the weight of the crystalline polysaccharides within the above range, not only is the stability of the yeast containing polyamines further improved, but the content of polyamines, specifically spermidine, in the muscle enhancer can also be ensured to a certain extent, thus allowing for an appropriate intake to achieve the effects of the muscle enhancer.

[0032] [Composition] The composition of this embodiment includes the aforementioned muscle enhancer. Its use is not particularly limited; for example, it can be used not only in various general foods and drinks, but also in foods or drinks, pharmaceuticals, quasi-medicinal products, and cosmetics that are labeled as functional and can be ingested by individuals requiring nutritional enhancement, specifically individuals requiring cellular activity.

[0033] There are no particular restrictions on this type of food and beverage. Examples include food and beverages for specific health purposes, nutritional functional food and beverages, functional labeling food and beverages, health functional food and beverages, food and beverages for special purposes, nutritional supplements, health supplements, supplements, cosmetic food and beverages, and other health food and beverages. [Example]

[0034] The present invention will now be described in more detail using examples and comparative examples. The present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0035] (Preparation of the tested food) (Capsule A) As a branched-chain amino acid, the BCAA agent was prepared with a mass ratio of L-valine:L-leucine:L-isoleucine of 1:2:1. 123 mg of Elion SP (registered trademark), manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd., a yeast food product containing spermidine, was mixed with 112 mg of the prepared BCAA agent and filled into No. 2 hard capsules to prepare capsule A. Furthermore, the spermidine-containing yeast in Elion SP (registered trademark) was 100 mg by dry weight. In addition, each 1 g of spermidine-containing yeast contained 3 mg of spermidine.

[0036] (Capsule B) 123 mg of corn starch was mixed with 112 mg of the prepared BCAA agent and filled into No. 2 hard capsules, while placebo capsules B were prepared.

[0037] (Capsule C) 235 mg of corn starch was filled into hard capsule No. 2, while capsule C was used to prepare the placebo.

[0038] (Based on the grouping of participants and their daily intake) Select subjects who meet the following criteria and conduct the following experiment. • Healthy men aged 50 and over (50s, 60s, 70s) who have not received treatment for any illness. • BMI of 18.5 or higher but less than 30 • Those who did not consume any supplements (BCAA, protein, etc.) deemed to have an impact within one month prior to the start of the trial. • Those who do not consume large amounts of natto containing polyamines more than twice a week

[0039] Pre-ingestion screening was conducted on the above-mentioned subjects to determine their suitability. Furthermore, based on their daily capsule intake, the subjects were categorized into Group I, Group II, and Group III. Group I: Group taking 3 capsules of capsule A and 6 capsules of capsule B daily. The recommended daily intake of yeast is 300 mg, and the recommended daily intake of BCAAs is 1008 mg. Group II: Group taking 9 capsules of B daily Yeast intake: 0 mg / day; BCAA intake: 1008 mg / day. Group III: Group taking 9 capsules of Vitamin C daily Yeast intake: 0 mg / day; BCAA intake: 0 mg / day.

[0040] In addition, BCAAs are commercially available from many manufacturers, most of which recommend an intake of about 2000 mg or more per day. However, in order to investigate the effects of polyamines, the intake of BCAAs in this evaluation is set at 1008 mg (about half of the usual recommended intake).

[0041] (Experimental Methods) A double-blind, oral clinical trial was conducted on participants in groups I, II, and III. Specifically, during the trial period, each participant ingested a total of nine capsules within 30 minutes after each breakfast for eight weeks. Daily steps, exercise, and dietary data were recorded daily as baseline indicators of activity. Then, each participant was examined using the same methods as in the pre-trial examination.

[0042] (Inspection Items) Before and after the experiment, in addition to blood tests, subjects also underwent physiological examinations, including measuring muscle mass and SMI (body mass index) obtained using a body composition analyzer. Definitions of the terms are shown below (refer to the Tanita (stock) operating instructions). Furthermore, the body composition analyzer used was the Tanita MC-980A-N plus. This body composition analyzer uses bioelectrical impedance analysis. Muscle mass: The mass of tissue obtained by removing fat and estimating bone mass; it is the mass of the muscular tissue (skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and water content) that maintains posture and drives the heart. SMI: an abbreviation of Skeletal Muscle Mass Index. Total muscle mass of left wrist, right wrist, left foot, and right foot (kg) / height (m)^2

[0043] (Analysis) The differences in each item before and after the experiment, obtained by the above-described method, were evaluated using the Wilcoxon ranking test in the population test. In this evaluation, a p-value of p < 0.05 (*) was defined as statistically significant, and a p-value of p < 0.01 (**) was defined as highly significant.

[0044] In addition, the correlation coefficients (r) of Elion SP (registered trademark) intake and the differences before and after the experiment were calculated in Groups I, II, and III. In this evaluation, a value of r of 0.4 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.7 was defined as "correlated (*)", and a value of r of 0.7 < |r| < 1.0 was defined as "highly correlated (**)".

[0045] (Result 1) Table 1 shows the results of the above analysis performed on subjects belonging to Groups I and II. For the test without a parent, no significant difference was observed in Group I between Elion SP (trademark) intake and items related to muscle mass. However, a correlation was observed between Elion SP (trademark) intake and muscle mass in the correlation coefficients.

[0046]

[0047] (Result 2) Table 2 shows the results of statistical calculations performed again based on Group III, with the difference before and after the experiment set to 0. The results, for the test without a population, show significant differences in Elion SP (registered trademark) intake and muscle mass and SMI in Group I, while no significant differences were observed in Elion SP (registered trademark) intake and muscle mass-related items in Group II.

[0048]

[0049] (Result 3) Table 3 shows the results of further distinguishing the subjects belonging to Group I and Group II as "athletes" and "non-athletes" respectively, and performing the above analysis on the "athletes".

[0050] Furthermore, the definition of "exerciser" is defined as someone whose average daily steps exceed the literature value for the average steps across all age groups, and includes the second quartile boundary when divided by quartiles. The literature cited is from Table 61 of the "National Nutrition Survey, 2029" published by the HP Institute of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan.

[0051] The results showed that, for Group I, there were significant differences in muscle mass and SMI. Furthermore, the correlation coefficients also showed a correlation between muscle mass and SMI.

[0052] [Industrial Applicability]

[0053] This invention provides a novel muscle enhancer with industrial applicability.

Claims

1. A muscle enhancer, characterized in that it contains spermidine and branched-chain amino acids as active ingredients, wherein the spermidine content per 1g of the muscle enhancer is 1mg / g or more, the spermidine is derived from yeast, and per 1g of the muscle enhancer, on a dry weight basis, it contains 200-800mg of branched-chain amino acids, wherein the branched-chain amino acids are selected from one or more of the group consisting of L-valine, L-leucine and L-isoleucine, and when the total of L-valine, L-leucine and L-isoleucine is 100 parts by weight, it contains 20-30 parts by weight of L-valine, 40-60 parts by weight of L-leucine and 20-30 parts by weight of L-isoleucine.

2. The muscle enhancer described in claim 1 contains spermidine-containing yeast as spermidine.

3. The muscle enhancer as described in claim 2, wherein, Compared to 1g of muscle enhancer, it contains 200-800mg of spermidine-containing yeast by dry weight.

4. The muscle enhancer as described in claim 2, wherein, The dried mass with a moisture content of less than 6.0% contains more than 1 mg / g of spermidine.

5. The muscle enhancer as described in claim 2, wherein, It further contains crystalline polysaccharides.

6. The muscle enhancer as described in claim 5, wherein, The mass ratio of yeast to crystalline polysaccharides is 1:0.1~1.

7. The muscle enhancer as described in claim 1, wherein, The yeast belongs to the genus Saccharomyces.

8. A composition characterized by containing a muscle enhancer as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The composition described in claim 8 is in the form of food or beverage.