Direct ammonia fuel cell for power generatoron

Abstract

This invention relates to a zero-carbon emission direct ammonia-water power generation system. Its core innovation lies in the use of a multi-metal oxide catalyst (comprising cobalt oxide Co₃O₄, iron oxide Fe₂O₃, manganese oxide MnO₂, and cerium oxide CeO₂) in a precise ratio to prepare a highly active catalyst material. This material can directly catalyze the decomposition of ammonia into hydrogen at temperatures lower than traditional pyrolysis start-up temperatures. Combined with a fuel cell module, this achieves efficient power generation without carbon dioxide emissions. The system exhibits good catalytic stability and reusability, and can be operated in a cyclical manner, achieving zero carbon emissions. The catalyst material provided by this invention can significantly reduce the reaction start-up temperature, increase the decomposition rate and power generation efficiency, and can be applied to mobile energy, renewable energy storage systems, or independent power generation devices in remote areas.

Claims

1. A zero-carbon emission direct ammonia water power generation system, comprising: an ammonia water supply module for storing and stably supplying ammonia water with a concentration of 0.01–3M; a heating module fluidly connected to the ammonia water supply module for heating the ammonia water; and a catalytic decomposition module disposed on a catalytic bed, fluidly connected to the heating module, and internally filled with a polymetallic oxide catalyst material for performing an electrocatalytic cracking reaction of ammonia water, so that the gaseous products after cracking are directly introduced into a fuel cell module for power generation; characterized in that: The multi-metal oxide catalyst material contains cobalt oxide (Co₃O₄), iron oxide (Fe₂O₃), manganese oxide (MnO₂), and cerium oxide (CeO₂), which can effectively promote the catalytic decomposition reaction of ammonia water. The weight percentage range of the multi-metal oxide catalyst material is: Co₃O₄: 20-40%, Fe₂O₃: 20-40%, MnO₂: 10-30%, CeO₂: 10-30%. The fuel cell module is a direct ammonia fuel cell (DAFC).

2. The zero-carbon emission direct ammonia power generation system as described in claim 1, wherein the fuel cell module comprises: an anion exchange membrane disposed in the middle; a sub-gasket, a gas diffusion layer, a gasket, and a flow channel plate are sequentially disposed on both sides of the anion exchange membrane; a first current collector and an anode plate are disposed on one side of the flow channel plate, and a second current collector and a cathode plate are disposed on the other side of the flow channel plate; an inlet pipe is disposed on the anode plate, connected to the aforementioned catalyst bed, to introduce the products after ammonia cracking; the anode plate is also disposed on an exhaust pipe, connected to a gas separation and condensation module, wherein the fuel cell module can separate the by-product nitrogen and water vapor, and recover unreacted ammonia and condensate; an inlet pipe is disposed on the cathode plate, for introducing external oxygen; a drain pipe is also disposed on the cathode plate, for discharging the wastewater after the reaction into a subsequent wastewater treatment facility; the anode plate and the cathode plate are each disposed on a first electrical terminal and a second electrical terminal, respectively connected to an inverter, and then output to a public power grid or energy storage device; The positive terminal plate and the negative terminal plate are provided with a first set of screw holes and a second set of screw holes, which are connected and locked together by a bolt to form a closed power generation structure.

3. The zero-carbon emission direct ammonia power generation system as described in claim 1, wherein the ammonia supply module and the heating module are connected by a first conveying pipe; the heating module and the catalytic decomposition module are connected by a second conveying pipe; a third conveying pipe is connected to the side of the catalytic decomposition module, which is connected to a heat recovery module. The heat recovery module can introduce the waste heat generated by the catalytic reaction into the front-end ammonia preheating to realize energy recovery and reuse, thereby improving the system's energy efficiency.

4. The zero-carbon emission direct ammonia power generation system as described in claim 1, wherein the ammonia water may be an ammonia-containing aqueous solution.

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