Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition

Abstract

This invention discloses a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition comprises one or more compounds of Formula I and at least one or more terminal olefin liquid crystal compounds. The liquid crystal composition is a PSVA liquid crystal composition, particularly suitable for displays or TVs; and the liquid crystal composition has good solubility and a high polymerization temperature, enabling the formation of a dense film layer with high temperature reliability when used in liquid crystal display elements or liquid crystal displays prepared using PI-less technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display technology. More specifically, it relates to a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition. Prior Technology

[0002] Liquid crystal displays (LCDs), as an important display technology, have experienced rapid development in recent years due to advancements in display technology and changing market demands. The application of LED backlighting technology has further reduced the energy consumption of LCDs and improved display quality. Simultaneously, with the maturity of the technology, the application range of LCDs is continuously expanding. The LCD industry is developing towards higher contrast, higher resolution, higher refresh rates, lower power consumption, flexibility and irregular shapes, and 3D capabilities. These technological advancements not only enhance the user experience but also bring new growth opportunities to the industry.

[0003] PSVA display is the main display mode for TVs, and PSVA display panels have become the main products of related companies. However, with the continuous development of technology, how to gain an advantage in technology optimization and cost reduction is an important direction for the future development of panel manufacturers. In commonly used liquid crystal display devices (LCDs), there is a thin film material on the color filter substrate and TFT substrate. Its main function is to align the liquid crystal molecules in a certain direction, which is called the alignment layer (PI). This alignment layer is mainly divided into triboelectric alignment type and photo-alignment type. The alignment layer has the characteristics of uniformity, adhesion and stability. However, alignment layers also have certain drawbacks: 1) Triboelectric alignment layers can easily cause problems such as dust particles, static electricity residue, slag, and brush marks during the display process of liquid crystal displays, reducing the yield of liquid crystal display devices; 2) Due to the high polarity and high water absorption of PI, PI is prone to deformation during storage and transportation, resulting in uneven alignment; 3) PI materials are expensive, and the process of depositing PI materials on liquid crystal display panels is relatively complex, thus increasing the manufacturing cost of display panels; 4) Since PI solutions are usually prepared by dissolving PI materials in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) solvent, and then using the PI solution to prepare the alignment layer, the entire process has disadvantages such as high energy consumption, environmental unfriendliness, and potential harm to human health. Therefore, how to effectively avoid the problems caused by PI is an important research topic in the current development of displays.

[0004] Research has revealed that the newly proposed PI-less technology can eliminate the PI coating process, directly adding monomers that act as alignment agents to the liquid crystal to replace the role of PI. However, a good alignment agent needs to meet several essential conditions: 1) excellent alignment to ensure good dark-state effects after the liquid crystal is dropped into the panel, and effective driving of liquid crystal molecule rotation after energization, preventing alignment dark lines; 2) good pretilt angle stability; 3) high temperature tolerance; and 4) suitable particle size and height, to ensure a good display effect. Currently, the market for double-sided PI-free technology is not yet mature, with issues such as alignment capability and reliability. Mass-produced products often have PI on one side and no PI on the other. Therefore, how to achieve true double-sided PI-free technology is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0005] Currently, PSVA (Polymerizable Surface Mount Vapor Analysis) typically uses AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) to determine the bump height of the particles formed after polymerizable compound (RM) polymerization. In conventional PSVA liquid crystals, the particle size of the RM after polymerization is approximately 100 nm. If the particle size is too high, dark lines or bright spots will appear; if the particle size is too low, the alignment force with the liquid crystal will be weak; if the particle size range is too wide, inconsistent pretilt angles at different locations will occur. Therefore, a suitable particle size range with a relatively concentrated particle size is required. Similarly, in the PI-Less field, uneven bump heights of the alignment agent particles can also cause dark lines or bright spots, resulting in poor display quality.

[0006] The polymerization temperature of the alignment agent determines the high temperature resistance of the liquid crystal. We know that after the liquid crystal panel is assembled into cells, the frame adhesive will be cured by a high temperature baking process. The purpose is to make the frame adhesive more completely cured. However, at this time, the RM and alignment agent in the liquid crystal cannot react. If they react in advance, it may form bright spots or affect the subsequent normal UV process.

[0007] Therefore, developing a PI-Less technology solution with good solubility, higher polymerization temperature, the ability to form a dense film layer, and high temperature reliability is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition is a PSVA liquid crystal composition, which is particularly suitable for displays or TVs; and the liquid crystal composition has good solubility and a high polymerization temperature, and when used in liquid crystal display elements or liquid crystal displays prepared using PI-less technology, it can form a dense film layer with high temperature reliability.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0010] On one hand, the present invention provides a liquid crystal composition comprising one or more compounds represented by Formula I: Ⅰ; in, , , Represented independently , , , , , , or ,and , , At least one of them is selected from , , , , or ; L1 to L4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-15 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-15 carbon atoms. Any one or more unconnected -CH2- groups can be substituted by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OOC-, or acrylate groups in a form where O- or S- groups are not connected to each other. One or more H atoms can be independently substituted by F or Cl. R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl chain with 1-15 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl chain with 1-15 carbon atoms; Sp 1, Sp 2, and Sp 3 each independently represent a single bond or an alkyl chain with 1-10 carbon atoms, wherein any one of -CH 2- can be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, or -O-CO-O-. P1 and P2 each independently represent polymerizable groups; K 1 represents ; R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-15 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-15 carbon atoms; n represents 0 or 1; and At least one or more terminal olefin liquid crystal compounds.

[0011] Furthermore, the compound represented by Formula I is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formulas I-1 to I-4: Ⅰ-1; Ⅰ-2; Ⅰ-3; Ⅰ-4; in, L4 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-15 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-15 carbon atoms, wherein any one or more unconnected -CH 2- groups can be substituted by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CH 2O-, -OCH 2-, -COO-, -OOC-, or acrylate groups in a form where O- or S- groups are not connected to each other, and one or more H atoms can be independently substituted by F or Cl; R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl chain with 1-15 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl chain with 1-15 carbon atoms; Sp1 and Sp3 each independently represent a single bond or an alkyl chain with 1-10 carbon atoms, wherein any one of -CH2- can be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-; P1 and P2 each independently represent polymerizable groups; R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-15 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-15 carbon atoms.

[0012] Furthermore, the polymerizable group is selected from... or , where · represents the connection site.

[0013] Furthermore, the liquid crystal composition comprises at least one compound represented by Formula I-1.

[0014] Furthermore, in the liquid crystal composition, the mass percentage of the compound represented by Formula I is 0.3-1.5 wt%.

[0015] Furthermore, in the liquid crystal composition, the mass percentage of the compound represented by Formula I is 0.4-1.0 wt%.

[0016] Furthermore, the compound represented by Formula I is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formulas I-1-1 to I-4-1: Ⅰ-1-1、 Ⅰ-1-2、 Ⅰ-1-3、 Ⅰ-1-4、 Ⅰ-1-5、 Ⅰ-2-1、 Ⅰ-3-1、 Ⅰ-4-1.

[0017] Furthermore, the liquid crystal composition comprises at least the compound shown in Formula I-1-3.

[0018] Furthermore, the terminal olefin liquid crystal compound is selected from compounds represented by Formula II below: II; in, R 2 represents an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms; R 3 represents an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms; m represents 1 or 2; , Each represents independently , , or When m represents 2, Each occurrence can be the same or different.

[0019] Furthermore, in the liquid crystal composition, the mass percentage of the compound represented by Formula II is 25-85 wt%.

[0020] Furthermore, in the liquid crystal composition, the mass percentage of the compound represented by Formula II is 25-50 wt%.

[0021] Furthermore, the compound represented by Formula II is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formulas II-1 to II-7: II-1 II-2 II-3 II-4 II-5 II-6 II-7; in, R 2 represents an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms; R 3 represents an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms.

[0022] Furthermore, the liquid crystal composition further comprises one or more compounds represented by Formula III: Ⅲ; in, R4 and R5 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1-10 carbon atoms; X1, X2, X3, and X4 each independently represent H or F, and at least two of X1, X2, X3, and X4 represent F.

[0023] Furthermore, the liquid crystal composition further comprises one or more compounds represented by Formula IV: IV; in, R6 and R7 each independently represent an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group with 1-10 carbon atoms. Any one or more unconnected -CH2- groups in R6 may be optionally substituted with cyclopentylene, cyclopentenylene, cyclobutylene, or cyclopropylene. X represents -O-, -S-, or -CH2O-.

[0024] In another aspect, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display element comprising the liquid crystal composition described above.

[0025] In another aspect, the present invention provides a liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition described above.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0027] This invention provides a PI-less technology. Panel manufacturers can eliminate the problems associated with the PI process during the production of liquid crystal display elements or liquid crystal displays by using this liquid crystal composition, thus saving PI costs and achieving the dual benefits of cost reduction and environmental friendliness. In the liquid crystal composition provided by this invention, adding a compound with a specific structure (as shown in Formula I) containing a heterocyclic structure to the liquid crystal compound can achieve the same effect as PI through self-alignment. During device fabrication, the compound shown in Formula I in the liquid crystal composition can form a dense film layer, effectively preventing ions from other film layers from penetrating into the liquid crystal and affecting the VHR of the liquid crystal; simultaneously, it is combined with a terminal olefin liquid crystal compound that can suppress the reaction rate of the alignment agent, preventing the risk of bright spots caused by excessively rapid UV1 reaction, while ensuring the uniformity of the bump height of the film layer formed after the reaction; this invention also has high temperature reliability, avoiding the risk of self-polymerization caused by high temperatures during frame adhesive curing. Simple Explanation of the Diagram

[0028] none Implementation

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the present invention, the following description, in conjunction with preferred embodiments, further clarifies the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the specific descriptions below are illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, a liquid crystal composition is provided, the liquid crystal composition comprising one or more compounds represented by Formula I: Ⅰ; in, , , Represented independently , , , , , , or ,and , , At least one of them is selected from , , , , or ; L1 to L4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-15 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-15 carbon atoms. Any one or more unconnected -CH2- groups can be substituted by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OOC-, or acrylate groups in a form where O- or S- groups are not connected to each other. One or more H atoms can be independently substituted by F or Cl. R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl chain with 1-15 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl chain with 1-15 carbon atoms; Sp 1, Sp 2, and Sp 3 each independently represent a single bond or an alkyl chain with 1-10 carbon atoms, wherein any one of -CH 2- can be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, or -O-CO-O-. P1 and P2 each independently represent polymerizable groups; K 1 represents ; R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-15 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-15 carbon atoms; n represents 0 or 1; and At least one or more terminal olefin liquid crystal compounds.

[0031] In this embodiment, the compound represented by Formula I in the liquid crystal composition is used in combination with a terminal olefin liquid crystal compound, so that the film layer formed when the liquid crystal composition is used in the preparation of liquid crystal display devices has excellent bump stability, alignment ability, good film thickness uniformity, aging resistance, structural stability and more stable pretilt angle, etc.

[0032] The terminal olefin liquid crystal compound described in this embodiment can suppress the alignment agent reaction from being too fast, avoiding the risk of generating large particles and forming bright spots due to excessively fast polymerization. It is not a polymerizable compound (RM).

[0033] Preferably, the polymerizable group is selected from methacrylate or acrylate groups.

[0034] In some preferred examples, Sp 2 represents an alkyl chain with 1-10 carbon atoms, wherein any one of -CH 2- can be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-.

[0035] In some specific examples, the polymerizable groups described in this embodiment are selected from... or , where · represents the connection site.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, the compound represented by Formula I is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formulas I-1 to I-4. Ⅰ-1; Ⅰ-2; Ⅰ-3; Ⅰ-4; in, L4 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-15 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-15 carbon atoms, wherein any one or more unconnected -CH 2- groups can be substituted by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CH 2O-, -OCH 2-, -COO-, -OOC-, or acrylate groups in a form where O- or S- groups are not connected to each other, and one or more H atoms can be independently substituted by F or Cl; R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl chain with 1-15 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl chain with 1-15 carbon atoms; Sp1 and Sp3 each independently represent a single bond or an alkyl chain with 1-10 carbon atoms, wherein any one of -CH2- can be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-; P1 and P2 each independently represent polymerizable groups; R 2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl group with 1-15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-15 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-15 carbon atoms.

[0037] In some examples, the polymerizable group is selected from... or , where · represents the connection site.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, the liquid crystal composition comprises at least one compound of Formula I-1. The compound of Formula I-1, combined with a liquid crystal containing an alkene compound, results in superior bump stability, alignment capability, film thickness uniformity, aging resistance, structural stability, and pretilt angle stability of the formed film.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments, the compound represented by Formula I is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formulas I-1-1 to I-4-1: Ⅰ-1-1、 Ⅰ-1-2、 Ⅰ-1-3、 Ⅰ-1-4、 Ⅰ-1-5、 Ⅰ-2-1、 Ⅰ-3-1、 Ⅰ-4-1.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments, the liquid crystal composition comprises at least the compound shown in Formula I-1-3. The combination of the compound shown in Formula I-1-3 with olefinic liquid crystals results in superior bump stability, alignment capability, film thickness uniformity, aging resistance, structural stability, and pretilt angle stability of the formed film.

[0041] In some preferred examples, the mass percentage of the compound represented by Formula I-1-3 includes, but is not limited to, 0.3-1.5%, 0.4-1.4%, 0.5-1.2%, etc.

[0042] In this embodiment, the solubility of the compound represented by Formula I in the liquid crystal composition may vary slightly due to different substituents, but an addition amount of 0.3-1.5 wt% in the liquid crystal composition can be achieved. Since the polymer formed by the compound represented by Formula I needs to perform the insulating function of PI, a certain thickness is necessary; therefore, the compound represented by Formula I must have sufficient solubility and be added in sufficient quantity. In some examples, the mass percentage of the compound represented by Formula I in the liquid crystal composition includes, but is not limited to, 0.3-1.5%, 0.4-1.4%, and 0.5-1.2%.

[0043] In some preferred embodiments, the terminal olefin liquid crystal compound is selected from compounds represented by Formula II: II; in, R 2 represents an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms; R 3 represents an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms; m represents 1 or 2; , Each represents independently , , or When m represents 2, Each occurrence can be the same or different.

[0044] In some examples, the liquid crystal composition contains 25-85 wt% of the compound represented by Formula II. In some specific examples, the liquid crystal composition contains, but is not limited to, 25-60 wt%, 25-50 wt%, 30-50 wt%, 30-40 wt%, 40-60 wt%, etc.

[0045] In some preferred embodiments, the compound represented by Formula II is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formulas II-1 to II-7: II-1 II-2 II-3 II-4 II-5 II-6 II-7; in, R 2 represents an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms; R 3 represents an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms.

[0046] Preferably, the liquid crystal composition of the present invention further comprises one or more compounds represented by Formula III. Ⅲ; in, R4 and R5 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1-10 carbon atoms; X1, X2, X3, and X4 each independently represent H or F, and at least two of X1, X2, X3, and X4 represent F.

[0047] In some examples, the liquid crystal composition contains 1-15 wt% of the compound represented by Formula III. In some specific examples, the liquid crystal composition contains, but is not limited to, 1-11 wt%, 1-8 wt%, 3-12 wt%, 3-8 wt%, 4-8 wt%, etc.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, the liquid crystal composition further comprises one or more compounds represented by Formula IV. IV; in, R6 and R7 each independently represent an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group with 1-10 carbon atoms. Any one or more unconnected -CH2- groups in R6 may be optionally substituted with cyclopentylene, cyclopentenylene, cyclobutylene, or cyclopropylene. X represents -O-, -S-, or -CH2O-.

[0049] In some examples, the liquid crystal composition contains 2-12 wt% of the compound represented by Formula IV. In some specific examples, the liquid crystal composition contains, but is not limited to, 2-8 wt%, 2-7 wt%, 2-5 wt%, 3-8 wt%, 4-8 wt%, etc.

[0050] In some preferred embodiments, the compound represented by Formula IV is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by Formulas IV-1 to IV-14 below. IV-1 IV-2 IV-3 IV-4 IV-5 IV-6 IV-7 IV-8 IV-9 IV-10 IV-11 IV-12 IV-13 IV-14.

[0051] In some preferred embodiments, the liquid crystal composition further comprises one or more compounds represented by Formula V. V; in, R8 and R9 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1-10 carbon atoms, and any one or more unconnected -CH2- groups in R8 may be optionally substituted with cyclopentylene, cyclopentenylene, cyclobutylene, or cyclopropylene. Z represents a single bond, -CH₂O-, -CH₂CH₂-, or -CH=CH-; 'a' represents 0, 1, or 2; express , , , or .

[0052] In some examples, the liquid crystal composition further comprises one or more polymerizable compounds. It is understood that the liquid crystal composition of this embodiment may or may not contain polymerizable compounds, and their presence does not affect the desired effect.

[0053] In some specific examples, the polymerizable compound is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulas RM1-RM6. RM1 RM2 RM3 RM4 RM5 RM6.

[0054] The liquid crystal composition provided by this invention has low viscosity and a large elastic constant, enabling rapid response. Simultaneously, the alignment agent (the compound shown in Formula I) in the liquid crystal composition has a fast reaction rate, which can significantly shorten UV2 irradiation time and improve production efficiency. Liquid crystal display elements or liquid crystal displays containing this liquid crystal composition have a wide nematic phase temperature range, can be applied in various environments, and possess high reliability and high resistivity.

[0055] Unless otherwise specified, the amounts of the compounds represented by Formula I of this invention, as well as the terminal olefin liquid crystal compounds and other additives, are added based on the relative mass percentage of the liquid crystal composition.

[0056] In some examples, various functional dopants may be added to the liquid crystal composition; the mass percentage content of the dopants in the liquid crystal composition is preferably between 0.01-0.1 wt%.

[0057] For example, the dopant is mainly an antioxidant, a light stabilizer, etc.

[0058] In some specific examples, the antioxidant is selected from one or more compounds shown in the following structural formulas. , , , ; Where S represents an integer from 1 to 10. In some examples, the light stabilizer is ; in, S represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0059] Liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display

[0060] Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element comprising any of the above-described liquid crystal compositions; the liquid crystal display element is an active matrix display element or a passive matrix display element.

[0061] In some examples, the liquid crystal display element is preferably an active matrix addressing liquid crystal display element.

[0062] Another specific embodiment of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display comprising any of the above-described liquid crystal compositions; the liquid crystal display is an active matrix display or a passive matrix display.

[0063] In some examples, the liquid crystal display is preferably an active matrix addressed liquid crystal display. Exemplary active matrix display elements or displays include, but are not limited to, IPS-TFT, FFS-TFT, or VA-TFT liquid crystal display elements or other TFT displays, particularly SAVA-TFT mode liquid crystal display elements or liquid crystal displays.

[0064] The liquid crystal display element or liquid crystal display in this embodiment has a fast response speed, good reliability and a good viewing angle. It is mainly used in SAVA display mode, and is especially suitable for curved display elements or displays.

[0065] [Example]

[0066] To more clearly illustrate the present invention, the following description, in conjunction with preferred embodiments, further clarifies the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the specific descriptions below are illustrative rather than restrictive, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] In this invention, unless otherwise specified, the preparation methods are conventional methods, and the raw materials used can be obtained from publicly available commercial sources unless otherwise specified. Percentages refer to mass percentages, and temperatures are in degrees Celsius (°C). The specific meanings of other symbols and test conditions are as follows: Cp represents the liquid crystal clearing point (°C), measured using the DSC quantitative method. Δn represents optical anisotropy, Δn = n en o, where no is the refractive index of the ordinary ray and ne is the refractive index of the extraordinary ray. The test conditions are 25±2℃, 589nm, and the test is conducted using an Abbe refractometer. Δε represents dielectric anisotropy, Δε = ε∥ - ε⊥, where ε∥ is the dielectric constant parallel to the molecular axis, and ε⊥ is the dielectric constant perpendicular to the molecular axis. The test conditions are 25 ± 0.5℃, 20-micron antiparallel cell, and INSTEC:ALCT-IR1 test. γ1 represents rotational viscosity (mPa·s), and the test conditions were 25±0.5℃, 20-micron antiparallel cell, and INSTEC:ALCT-IR1 test. K11 is the developmental elastic constant, K33 is the flexural elastic constant, and the test conditions are: 25℃, INSTEC:ALCT-IR1, 20-micron antiparallel box; VHR represents voltage hold-up rate (%). The test conditions were 60±1℃, ±5V, pulse width 10ms, and voltage hold-up time 1.667ms. The test equipment was a TOYO Model 6254 LCD performance comprehensive tester. The preparation method of the liquid crystal composition is as follows: weigh each liquid crystal monomer according to a certain ratio and put it into a stainless steel beaker. Place the stainless steel beaker containing each liquid crystal monomer on a magnetic stirrer and heat it to melt. After most of the liquid crystal monomer in the stainless steel beaker has melted, add a magnetic rotor to the stainless steel beaker and stir the mixture evenly. After cooling to room temperature, the liquid crystal composition is obtained.

[0068] An exemplary method for fabricating a liquid crystal display device is as follows: A liquid crystal composition is poured into a test cell (without a polyimide alignment layer, cell thickness 4 μm, ITO electrodes on the substrate surface, and no passivation layer). To achieve spontaneous vertical alignment of the liquid crystal molecules, two ultraviolet irradiation processes are required: UV1 and UV2. A 15V voltage is applied to both sides of the test cell, and an ultraviolet lamp with a main wavelength of 313nm is used for irradiation. UV1: irradiation time varies from 30s to 60s, and the irradiation intensity is 0.55mw / cm²; UV2: irradiation time varies from 10 to 60min, and the irradiation intensity is 0.20mw / cm². After the ultraviolet irradiation process, a pretilt angle is formed on the inner side of the test cell, causing the liquid crystal molecules to spontaneously align vertically.

[0069] Bump height test method: After liquid crystal is injected into the test cell and the UV process reaction is completed, the particle height of the alignment agent on the panel surface after the reaction is measured. The test equipment model is Park Systems NX10.

[0070] Alignment observation method: Liquid crystal is injected into a test cell without PI. After liquid crystal injection, a polarizer is orthogonally attached to the test cell. The test cell with the polarizer attached is placed on a backlight, and the light leakage of the test cell is observed. The alignment effect is divided into three levels: ○ Excellent alignment, no light leakage; △ Poor alignment, light leakage at the edges; × No alignment, severe light leakage.

[0071] In the embodiments, the liquid crystal monomer structure is represented by code, and the code representation methods for liquid crystal ring structure, end group, and linking group are shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below.

[0072] Table 1. Corresponding codes for ring structures Ring structure Corresponding code C P L G Gi Y Sb Sc Sa

[0073] Table 2. Correspondence codes between terminal groups and linking groups Terminal groups and linking groups Corresponding code C nH 2n+1- n- C nH 2n+1O- nO- -CH 2O- -O- -CH 2CH 2- -E- -CH=CH- -V- -COO- -COO- -CH=CH-C nH 2n+1 Vn- Cp- CpO- Cpr- Cpr1-

[0074] For example: Its code is CC-Cp-V1; Its code is PPY-3-O2; Its code is CPY-2-O2; Its code is CCY-3-O2; Its code is COY-3-O2; Its code is CCOY-3-O2; Its code is CLY-3-O2; Its code is Sb-CpO-O4; Its code is Sc-CpO-O4; Its code is PGP-Cpr1-2.

[0075] The present invention will be described below using specific embodiments:

[0076] [Composition] [C] [Example]

[0077] [Composition] [C1] [:]

[0078] The formulation and corresponding properties of the composition are shown in Table 3 below.

[0079] Table 3 Formulation and corresponding properties of composition C1 category Liquid crystal unit code Content (wt%) II CPP-1V-2 7 V CPY-3-O2 9 V CCOY-3-O2 15 II CC-4-V1 6.5 IV Sc-CpO-O4 4.5 V CCY-2-O2 10 II CC-3-V twenty one V COY-3-O2 17 II PP-1-2V1 5 III PYP-3-2 5 performance Cp: ​​79.2℃ Δn: 0.107 γ 1: 91.0 mPa.s Δε: -3.9 K 33:16.0

[0080] [Composition] [C2]

[0081] The formulation and corresponding properties of the composition are shown in Table 4 below.

[0082] It should be noted that in composition C2, the mass percentage of each component is relative to the total mass of other raw materials that do not include RM2.

[0083] Table 4 Formulation and corresponding properties of compound C2 Category Liquid crystal unit code Content (wt%) CCP-3-1 8 V CPY-3-O2 8 V CCOY-3-O2 13 CC-4-3 6.5 IV Sc-CpO-O4 4.5 II CCY-1V-O2 8 V COY-3-O2 13 II CY-V-O1 4 V CY-3-O2 4 PP-1-3 10 II CC-3-V 7 II CC-3-V1 9 III PGP-3-2 5 RM2 0.2 performance Cp: ​​83.2℃ Δn: 0.109 γ 1: 118.6 mPa·s Δε: -4.1 K 33:19.4

[0084] [Composition] [C3]

[0085] The formulation and corresponding properties of the composition are shown in Table 5 below.

[0086] Table 5 Formulation and corresponding properties of composition C3 category Liquid crystal unit code Content (wt%) CP-3-O2 8 V PPY-3-O2 3 II CCY-V-O2 13 CC-4-3 6.5 V CPY-5-O2 9.5 II CCY-1V-O2 8 II CY-V-O2 13 CC-5-3 8 V CY-3-O2 4 III PYP-2-3 5 II CC-3-V 7 II CC-3-V1 9 III PGiY-3-O2 3 IV Sb-CpO-O4 3 performance Cp: ​​81.8℃ Δn: 0.102 γ 1: 111.0 mPa.s Δε: -4.3 K 33:18.9

[0087] [Composition] [C4]

[0088] The formulation and corresponding properties of the composition are shown in Table 6 below.

[0089] Table 6 Formulation and corresponding properties of composition C4 category Liquid crystal unit code Content (wt%) II CPP-1V-2 8 II CCY-V-O2 8 V CCY-3-O2 13 CC-4-3 6.5 III PPY-5-O2 4.5 II CCY-1V-O2 8 V CY-5-O2 16 IV Sc-CpO-O4 5 III PYP-1-3 8 II CC-3-V 7 II CC-3-V1 9 IV Sa-5O-O2 7 performance Cp: ​​87.2℃ Δn: 0.117 γ 1: 120.4 mPa.s Δε: -3.9 K 33:19.0

[0090] [Composition] [C5]

[0091] The formulation and corresponding properties of the composition are shown in Table 7 below.

[0092] Table 7 Formulation and corresponding properties of composition C5 category Liquid crystal unit code Content (wt%) II CCP-V-1 4 II CPY-V-O2 8 V CCY-3-O2 13 II CCP-V2-1 4 IV Sc-CpO-O4 4.5 II CCY-1V-O2 6 III PPY-5-O2 2 V CY-3-O2 19 II CC-4-V1 10 II CC-3-V 12 II CC-3-V1 9 II CCY-V-O2 6.5 III PGP-3-1 2 RM1 0.2 performance Cp: ​​87.5℃ Δn: 0.096 γ 1: 106.6 mPa.s Δε: -3.7 K 33:18.6

[0093] [Composition] [C6]

[0094] The formulation and corresponding properties of the composition are shown in Table 8 below.

[0095] Table 8 Formulation and corresponding properties of composition C6 category Liquid crystal unit code Content (wt%) III PGP-2-3 4 II CPY-V-O2 8 V CCY-3-O2 13 II CCP-V2-1 4 IV Sc-CpO-O2 5 II CCY-1V-O2 8 V CY-5-O2 5 II CY-V-O2 11 III PPY-3-O2 2 II CC-3-V 20 II CC-3-V1 9 V CCY-2-O2 6.5 III PYP-3-2 4.5 performance Cp: ​​84.0℃ Δn: 0.102 γ 1:102.9 mPa.s Δε: -3.6 K 33:18.4

[0096] [Composition] [C7]

[0097] The formulation and corresponding properties of the composition are shown in Table 9 below.

[0098] Table 9 Formulation and corresponding properties of composition C7 category Liquid crystal unit code Content (wt%) II PP-1-2V1 4 V CPY-3-O2 13 II CCY-V-O2 10 II CCP-V2-1 4 II CCY-1V-O2 8 V CY-5-O2 8 V CY-3-O2 11 CC-2-3 17 II CC-3-V 7.5 II CC-3-V1 9 III PPY-2-O2 1.5 IV Sc-CpO-O4 3 IV Sc-CpO-O2 4 performance Cp: ​​82.6℃ Δn: 0.098 γ 1:98.1 mPa.s Δε: -3.8 K 33:17.5

[0099] [Composition] [C8]

[0100] The formulation and corresponding properties of the composition are shown in Table 10 below.

[0101] Table 10 Formulation and corresponding properties of compound C8 Category LCD unit code Content (wt%) CC-5-3 11.5 V CY-3-O2 16.5 V PY-3-O2 8 V CCY-4-O2 8 CC-2-3 12 V CCY-3-O2 4 V CCY-2-O2 3 V CPY-2-O2 11 V CPY-3-O2 11 CC-4-3 10 III PPY-3-O2 1 IV Sc-CpO-O4 4 performance Cp: ​​78.0℃ Δn: 0.105 γ 1: 90.4 mPa.s Δε: -3.8 K 33:13.5

[0102] [Composition] [C9]

[0103] The formulation and corresponding properties of the composition are shown in Table 11 below.

[0104] Table 11 Formulation and corresponding properties of compound C9 Category LCD unit code Content (wt%) II CC-3-V 14 II CC-3-V1 7 II CY-V-O2 15 IV Sc-CpO-O4 7 II CCY-V-O2 8 II CC-5-V 10 II CCY-1V-O2 6 II PP-1-2V1 5 IV Sc-CpO-O2 5 II CPP-1V-2 12 II CC-4-V1 7 III PYP-2-3 4 performance Cp: ​​80.0℃ Δn: 0.1133 γ 1:76.4 mPa.s Δε: -3.1 K 33:15.9

[0105] Contrast orientation agent: DP1 DP2 , DP3 DP4 , DP5 .

[0106] [Liquid crystal composition:]

[0107] Examples 1-12 and Comparative Examples 1-12:

[0108] Compounds (aligning agents) of Formula I are added to each of the above compositions C to form liquid crystal compositions, the specific formulations of which are shown in Table 12 below. In Table 12, the mass percentages of the compounds of Formula I are all relative to the content of composition C in the liquid crystal composition.

[0109] Table 12 Test data of Examples 1-12 and Comparative Examples 1-12 Example of Composition C Orientation agent Orientation agent Content / wt% Alignment Effect UV1 Time / s UV2 time / min Pretilt angle / ° Orientation agent Residue / ppm VHR / % high bump degrees / nm Example 1 C1 I-1-1 1 ○ 40 10 1.5 3 96.6 87~116 Example 2 C1 I-1-1 0.8 ○ 50 10 1.6 5 96.1 80~105 Example 3 C1 I-1-1 0.9 ○ 45 10 1.5 8 96.3 88~110 Example 4 C1 I-1-1 0.95 ○ 42 10 1.5 6 96.6 85~114 Example 5 C1 I-1-2 1 ○ 40 10 1.5 9 96.6 82~113 Comparative Example 1 C1 DP1 1 ○ 70 60 1.4 81 96.1 35~55 Comparative Example 2 C1 — 0 × — — — — — — Comparative Example 3 C1 DP3 1 ○ 25 30 1.5 8 95.6 103~151 Comparative Example 4 C8 I-1-1 1 ○ 40 10 3.5 0 95.2 105~312 Comparative Example 5 C1 DP2 1 △ 80 30 1.6 154 90.1 31~158 Comparative Example 6 C1 DP4 1 ○ 70 60 1.4 121 96.1 24~50 Comparative Example 7 C1 DP5 1 △ 80 60 1.5 176 89.2 42~67 Example 6 C2 I-1-2 0.85 ○ 48 10 1.5 11 96.2 92~114 Example 7 C3 I-1-3 1.05 ○ 37 10 1.6 8 96.4 88~112 Comparative Example 8 C3 DP1 1.05 ○ 74 60 1.5 78 96.3 35~58 Comparative Example 9 C3 DP2 1.05 △ 78 30 1.5 161 90.6 36~155 Comparative Example 10 C3 DP3 1.05 ○ twenty one 30 1.5 7 95.5 108~159 Comparative Example 11 C3 DP4 1.05 ○ 67 60 1.5 131 96.2 28~57 Comparative Example 12 C3 DP5 1.05 △ 77 60 1.5 206 91.2 46~177 Example 8 C4 I-1-1 0.9 ○ 45 10 1.5 6 96.3 84~108 Example 9 C5 I-1-1 0.8 ○ 50 10 1.5 8 96.1 90~110 Example 10 C6 I-1-1 1.1 ○ 35 10 1.5 9 96.6 92~112 Example 11 C7 I-2-1 1.2 ○ 33 10 1.5 41 96.6 95~115 Example 12 C9 I-3-1 1 ○ 50 10 1.5 12 96.4 91~116

[0110] The formation of the pretilt angle involves two processes, UV1 and UV2. First, UV1 irradiation is performed for a shorter time to form the pretilt angle. UV2 irradiation is performed for a longer time to allow any unreacted RM or alignment agent to continue reacting completely.

[0111] The liquid crystal composition was poured into test pieces for VHR testing; the liquid crystal composition was poured into test pieces and the bump height after polymerization was tested using AFM (atomic force microscopy); the liquid crystal composition was poured into sample bottles and sent for testing of the alignment agent conversion rate according to the experimental procedure.

[0112] According to the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention, it can be seen that the technical solution of the present invention has a good alignment effect and a fast reaction rate, which can improve the production efficiency of panels and reduce costs. Comparing the technical solution of the present invention with Comparative Examples 1, 3, 5-7, and 8-12, it can be seen that the UV2 irradiation time of the technical solution of the present invention is significantly shortened, which can improve the actual production efficiency of panel factories; compared with Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that the technical solution of the present invention has a better alignment effect and a shorter UV2 time; compared with Comparative Example 4, although the technical solution of Comparative Example 4 also has a shorter UV2 time and a better alignment effect, the resulting pretilt angle is too large, posing a risk of bright spots. In Comparative Example 1, the particle size formed after the reaction of RM and the alignment agent is relatively small, and the residual alignment agent is relatively high. In Comparative Example 2, the particle size range formed after the reaction of the alignment agent is relatively wide, the uniformity of the formed particles is poor, and the residual alignment agent is relatively high. In Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the particle size range formed after the reaction of the alignment agent is relatively wide, and the bump height is significantly higher than that of other examples, with a high risk of bright spots. The alignment effect of Comparative Example 5 is not very good, the uniformity of the bump height is poor, and the density is worse than that of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, resulting in a lower VHR than that of the composition of the present invention. Example 2 and Comparative Example 5 have the same problem; therefore, in the liquid crystal composition provided in this embodiment, the alignment agent formed by the compound shown in Formula I can ensure that the alignment agent forms a dense film layer, effectively preventing ions from other film layers from penetrating into the liquid crystal and affecting the VHR of the liquid crystal; at the same time, the terminal olefin liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal mixture can suppress the reaction rate of the alignment agent, ensuring the uniformity of the bump height formed after the alignment agent reaction, and preventing the risk of bright spots caused by the UV1 reaction being too fast; at the same time, it has high temperature reliability, avoiding the risk of self-polymerization caused by the high temperature during the curing of the frame adhesive.

[0113] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation methods here. All obvious variations or modifications derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0114] none

Claims

1. A liquid crystal composition comprising one or more compounds of formula I: I; wherein, 、、 represent 、 ... Sp1, Sp2, and Sp3 each independently represent a single bond or an alkyl chain with 1-10 carbon atoms, wherein any -CH2- can be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, or -O-CO-O-; P1 and P2 each independently represent polymerizable groups; K1 represents; R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl chain with 1-15 carbon atoms, a cyclic alkyl chain with 1-15 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-15 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-15 carbon atoms; n represents 0 or 1; and at least one or more terminal alkenyl liquid crystal compounds.

2. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by formula I is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulas I-1 to I-4: I-1; I-2; I-3; I-4.

3. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polymerizable group is selected from [selection number missing], wherein, • Indicates a connection site.

4. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquid crystal composition comprises at least one compound I-1 represented by formula I-1.

5. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass percentage of the compound represented by Formula I in the liquid crystal composition is 0.3-1.5 wt%.

6. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 2, wherein the compound represented by formula I is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulas I-1-1 to I-4-1: I-1-1, I-1-2, I-1-3, I-1-4, I-1-5, I-2-1, I-3-1, I-4-1.

7. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 6, wherein the liquid crystal composition comprises at least a compound represented by formula I-1-3.

8. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 6, wherein the terminal olefin liquid crystal compound is selected from compounds represented by formula II; wherein, R2 represents an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms; R3 represents an alkyl group with 1-10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group with 1-10 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group with 2-10 carbon atoms; m represents 1 or 2; each can independently represent , , or; when m represents 2, the same or different occurrences can be made each time.

9. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 8, wherein the mass percentage of the compound represented by formula II in the liquid crystal composition is 25-85 wt%.

10. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 9, wherein the compound represented by formula II is selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulas II-1 to II-7: II-1, II-2, II-3, II-4, II-5, II-6, II-7.

11. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 10, wherein the liquid crystal composition further comprises one or more compounds of formula III: III; wherein, R4 and R5 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1-10 carbon atoms; X1, X2, X3, and X4 each independently represent H or F, and at least two of X1, X2, X3, and X4 represent F; and / or the liquid crystal composition further comprises one or more compounds of formula IV: IV; wherein R6 and R7 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2-10 carbon atoms, or an alkoxy group having 1-10 carbon atoms, and any one or more unconnected -CH2- groups in the group represented by R6 are optionally substituted with cyclopentylene, cyclopentenylene, cyclobutylene, or cyclopropylene; X represents -O-, -S-, or -CH2O-.

12. A liquid crystal display element comprising the liquid crystal composition described in any one of claims 1-11.

13. A liquid crystal display comprising the liquid crystal composition described in any one of claims 1-11.