Surface glass structure to enhance the power generation efficiency of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) solar panels

Abstract

This invention relates to a surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panels. Specifically, it refers to a microstructure design on the surface of solar encapsulation glass, which consists of a plurality of arrays of micro geometric units. The key feature is that the arrangement is in a cycle of at least one column, and the central axis of each column of micro geometric units presents a different tilt angle relative to the glass plane. By configuring vertical, oblique, and highly oblique axes, it can effectively respond to the dynamic changes in the incident angle of the sun as it rises and sets, and significantly increase the total power generation of the building-integrated photovoltaic panels throughout the day.

Claims

1. A surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) solar panel, the BIPV mainly comprising a cover glass, an encapsulating layer, a solar cell, and a back glass, wherein the cover glass and back glass are bonded to the front and back sides of the solar cell by two encapsulating layers, characterized in that: the cover glass has an outward-facing outer surface and an inner surface facing the solar cell, and a plurality of columns, each column comprising a plurality of micro-geometric units, are disposed on the outer surface of the cover glass and arranged in an array, the micro-geometric units being arranged in a cycle of at least one column, each micro-geometric unit in each column having a central axis, and the central axis of the micro-geometric units in adjacent columns having different longitudinal tilt angles relative to the plane of the cover glass, thereby reducing reflection loss in response to dynamic changes in the angle of incidence of sunlight.

2. The surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) solar panel as described in claim 1, wherein the micro-geometric unit system is arranged in three columns as a cycle, defined as a first column, a second column, and a third column of micro-geometric units, wherein the central axis of the first column of micro-geometric units is perpendicular to the plane of the cover glass, the central axes of the second and third columns of micro-geometric units form a longitudinal tilt angle relative to the plane of the cover glass, and the longitudinal tilt angle of the central axis of the third column of micro-geometric units is greater than the longitudinal tilt angle of the central axis of the second column of micro-geometric units.

3. The surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel as described in claim 2, wherein the longitudinal tilt angle of the second row of micro-geometric units is between 15 degrees and 30 degrees, and the longitudinal tilt angle of the third row of micro-geometric units is between 45 degrees and 60 degrees.

4. A surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel as described in claim 1 or 2, wherein the central axis of the micro-geometric units has a horizontal skew component, causing the central axis to be horizontally tilted toward the east or west side to compensate for the incidence of sunlight in the morning or evening.

5. The surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel as described in claim 1, wherein the shape of the micro-geometric units is selected from one of a pyramid, a trapezoid, a column, or a strip with a triangular convex cross-section.

6. The surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel as described in claim 2, wherein when the solar panel is installed on the south-facing facade of a building, the central axis of the second column of micro-geometric units is partially or entirely tilted to the east, and the central axis of the third column of micro-geometric units is partially or entirely tilted to the west.

7. A surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) solar panel, the BIPV mainly comprising a cover glass, an encapsulating layer, a solar cell, and a back glass, wherein the cover glass and back glass are bonded to the front and back sides of the solar cell by two encapsulating layers, characterized in that: the cover glass has an outward-facing outer surface and an inner surface facing the solar cell, and a plurality of rows, each row including a plurality of micro-geometric unit recesses, are disposed on the inner surface of the cover glass and arranged in an array, the micro-geometric unit recesses are arranged in a cycle of at least one row, each micro-geometric unit recess in each row has a central axis, and the central axes of the micro-geometric unit recesses in adjacent rows present different longitudinal tilt angles relative to the plane of the cover glass, thereby reducing reflection loss in response to the dynamic changes in the angle of incidence of sunlight.

8. The surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel as described in claim 7, wherein the micro-geometric unit recesses are arranged in three columns as a cycle, defined as the first column, the second column, and the third column of micro-geometric unit recesses, wherein the central axis of the first column of micro-geometric unit recesses is perpendicular to the plane of the cover glass, the central axes of the second and third columns of micro-geometric unit recesses form a longitudinal tilt angle relative to the plane of the cover glass, and the longitudinal tilt angle of the central axis of the third column of micro-geometric unit recesses is greater than the longitudinal tilt angle of the central axis of the second column of micro-geometric unit recesses.

9. The surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel as described in claim 8, wherein the longitudinal tilt angle of the second row of micro-geometric unit recesses is between 15 degrees and 30 degrees, and the longitudinal tilt angle of the third row of micro-geometric unit recesses is between 45 degrees and 60 degrees.

10. A surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel as described in claim 7 or 8, wherein the central axis of the recessed portion of the micro-geometric units has a horizontal skew component, causing the central axis to be horizontally tilted toward the east or west side to compensate for the incidence of sunlight in the morning or evening.

11. The surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel as described in claim 7, wherein the shape of the recessed micro-geometric units is selected from one of a pyramid, a trapezoid, a column, or a strip with a triangular cross-section.

12. The surface glass structure for enhancing the power generation efficiency of a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel as described in claim 8, wherein when the solar panel is installed on the south-facing facade of a building, the central axis of the recessed portion of the second row of micro-geometric units is partially or entirely deflected to the east, and the central axis of the recessed portion of the third row of micro-geometric units is partially or entirely deflected to the west.

Images