Miniature optical device with preset polarization angle and dynamic phase transition detection

Abstract

This invention relates to a miniature optical device with preset polarization angle and dynamic phase transition detection. It comprises a miniature cavity housing, a light source group, a light sensing group, a reflection and temperature detection adjustment group, an exhaust device, and a control circuit board. The light source group, light sensing group, reflection and temperature detection adjustment group, and exhaust device are electrically connected to the control circuit board. The light source group and light sensing group are positioned within the miniature cavity housing in a polarized light reflection and detection state relative to the reflection and temperature detection adjustment group, to operate a "preset polarization detection mechanism." The exhaust device is located on one side of the miniature cavity housing to expel gas from inside the housing. The control circuit board is located outside the miniature cavity housing, physically separating the reflection and temperature detection adjustment group from the control circuit board, effectively isolating heat sources and electromagnetic interference. This configuration achieves an extremely miniature size and a high signal-to-noise ratio, while reducing manufacturing costs, resulting in excellent detection stability and reduced installation size and production costs.

Claims

1. A miniature optical device with preset polarization angle and dynamic phase transition detection, comprising: A micro-cavity housing, wherein a partition is provided inside the micro-cavity housing, the partition dividing the micro-cavity housing into a first fluid channel and a second fluid channel, and the partition is provided with an interlocking opening, and the micro-cavity housing is provided with a top side and a bottom side, a first airflow inlet and a second airflow inlet are provided on the front side of the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel, and a first airflow outlet and a second airflow outlet are provided on the rear side of the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel; a light source assembly, wherein the light source assembly is provided with a light source emitter and a polarizer, the polarizer being fixed on the surface of the light source emitter, wherein the light source assembly is fixed on the top side of the micro-cavity housing, and the light beam emitted by the light source emitter is polarized by the polarizer to form a first linearly polarized incident light beam; A light sensing group, comprising a light sensor and a polarizer, the polarizer being fixed to the surface of the light sensor, wherein the light sensing group is fixed to the top side of the micro-cavity housing, the polarizer receiving the transmitted light and the light sensor generating an electrical signal; A reflection and temperature detection and adjustment group, comprising a cold mirror, a temperature sensor and an ultra-miniature semiconductor cooler, the cold mirror having a reflective surface, the temperature sensor being integrally fixed to the cold mirror on the upper or lower side, and the ultra-miniature semiconductor cooler being fixed below the cold mirror, wherein the reflection and temperature detection and adjustment group is embedded and fixedly disposed in the embedding opening of the partition, such that the cold mirror and the temperature sensor are positioned above the partition and opposite the first fluid channel, and the ultra-miniature semiconductor cooler is positioned below the partition and opposite the second fluid channel, the reflective surface serving as the working surface for polarized light reflection and condensation; The system also includes a control circuit board with a microcontroller that stores preset conditions for judging the dynamic changes in electrical signals. The control circuit board is fixed to the bottom side of the micro-cavity housing. The microcontroller is electrically connected to an exhaust device and to the temperature sensor and ultra-miniature semiconductor cooler in the reflection and temperature detection and adjustment group. It is also electrically connected to the light source emitter in the light source group and the light sensor in the light sensing group. The microcontroller monitors the electrical signals output by the light sensor. When the microcontroller determines that the dynamic changes in the electrical signals received by the microcontroller exceed the preset conditions, the microcontroller determines that a fluid phase change has occurred on the reflective surface. Simultaneously, the microcontroller reads the temperature signal from the temperature sensor to lock the critical temperature of the phase change and adjusts the output power of the ultra-miniature semiconductor cooler.

2. The miniature optical device as described in claim 1, which has a preset polarization angle and dynamic phase transition detection, wherein, The top side of the micro-cavity housing is provided with a first limiting slot and a second limiting slot. The light source group, which combines a light source emitter and a polarizer, is fixed in the first limiting slot, while the light sensing group, which combines a light sensor and an analyzer, is fixed in the second limiting slot. Through the forced fixation of the light source group and the light sensing group by the physical geometric spatial arrangement of the first limiting slot and the second limiting slot, the transmitted polarization axis of the analyzer and the incident beam of the first linearly polarized beam emitted by the polarizer form a preset angle θ.

3. The miniature optical device as described in claim 1, which has a preset polarization angle and dynamic phase transition detection, wherein, The polarizer has a preset angle θ of 90° between its transmitted polarization axis and the incident beam of the first linearly polarized beam emitted by the polarizer. The polarizer receives the transmitted light and the photosensitive sensor generates an electrical signal. The microcontroller extracts a positive surge from the electrical signal and uses the absolute value of the positive surge crossing a preset threshold as a preset condition for determining that a fluid phase change has occurred on the reflective surface. This preset condition is stored in the microcontroller as the basis for subsequent detection and judgment by the microcontroller.

4. The miniature optical device as described in claim 1, which has a preset polarization angle and dynamic phase transition detection, wherein, The polarizer has a preset angle θ between its transmitted polarization axis and the incident beam of the first linearly polarized beam emitted by the polarizer, which is less than or greater than 90°. The polarizer receives the transmitted light and the photosensitive sensor generates an electrical signal. The microcontroller extracts the slope of the change from the electrical signal and uses the absolute value of the slope crossing a preset threshold as a preset condition for determining that a fluid phase change has occurred on the reflective surface. This preset condition is stored in the microcontroller as the basis for subsequent detection and judgment by the microcontroller.

5. A miniature optical device as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a preset polarization angle and dynamic phase transition detection, wherein, A further exhaust device is provided, which is a variable speed exhaust fan. The exhaust device is fixed outside the first airflow outlet of the first fluid channel and the second airflow outlet of the second fluid channel of the micro-cavity shell to exhaust the gas in the first fluid channel and the second fluid channel to the outside of the micro-cavity shell. The variable speed exhaust fan is a variable speed exhaust fan with pulse width modulation.

6. The miniature optical device as described in claim 5, which has a preset polarization angle and dynamic phase transition detection, wherein, The ultra-miniature semiconductor cooler of the reflection and temperature detection adjustment group is further combined with a ceramic substrate and a heat dissipation fin, or the above heat dissipation elements are used individually or in combination.

7. The miniature optical device as described in claim 6, which has a preset polarization angle and dynamic phase transition detection, wherein, This heat dissipation element can be replaced with an equivalent active or passive heat dissipation component.

8. The miniature optical device as described in claim 7, which has a preset polarization angle and dynamic phase transition detection, wherein, The reflective surface of the cold mirror in the reflection and temperature detection adjustment group is selected from a group consisting of inorganic metals, inorganic metal coatings, optical grade quartz, glass, silicon carbide (SiC) or silicon (Si) wafer polished surfaces.

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