Semi-solid electrolytic capacitor

Abstract

This invention provides a semi-solid electrolytic capacitor comprising a wound assembly, a conductive component, a package housing, a sealing element, a conductive solid network layer, and an electrolyte. The wound assembly includes a wound positive conductive foil, a wound negative conductive foil, and two wound insulating sheets. The conductive component includes a first conductive lead and a second conductive lead. The package housing is configured to house the wound assembly. The sealing element is disposed inside the package housing and cooperates with the package housing to prevent the wound assembly from contacting the external environment. The conductive solid network layer is disposed within the wound assembly and comprises a conductive polymer. The electrolyte permeates into the gaps of the conductive solid network layer, and the conductive solid network layer and the electrolyte together constitute a semi-solid electrolyte. Therefore, this invention can reduce the manufacturing cost of the capacitor without excessively affecting its electrical performance.

Claims

1. A semi-solid electrolytic capacitor, comprising: A wound assembly, the wound assembly including a wound positive conductive foil, a wound negative conductive foil, and two wound insulating sheets; a conductive assembly including a first conductive pin electrically contacting the wound positive conductive foil and a second conductive pin electrically contacting the wound negative conductive foil; a package housing configured to house the wound assembly; a sealing element disposed inside the package housing and cooperating with the package housing, the sealing element being configured to prevent the wound assembly from contacting the external environment; a conductive solid network layer disposed in the wound assembly; and an electrolyte permeating into the gaps of the conductive solid network layer. In this embodiment, one of the two wound-type insulating sheets is disposed between the wound-type positive conductive foil and the wound-type negative conductive foil, and one of the wound-type positive conductive foil and the wound-type negative conductive foil is disposed between the two wound-type insulating sheets; wherein, the first conductive pin includes a first embedded portion housed inside the packaging shell and covered by the sealing element, and a first exposed portion exposed outside the packaging shell, and the second conductive pin includes a second embedded portion housed inside the packaging shell and covered by the sealing element, and a second exposed portion exposed outside the packaging shell; wherein, the packaging shell has a surrounding concave limiting portion that is recessed inward to compress the sealing element, and a surrounding convex tail portion that protrudes from the surrounding concave limiting portion to abut against the sealing element; wherein, the conductive solid network layer and the electrolyte together constitute a semi-solid electrolyte.

2. The semi-solid electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The conductive solid network layer comprises a conductive polymer, which comprises at least one of polythiophene having at least one sulfonic acid group and polyselenophene having at least one sulfonic acid group.

3. The semi-solid electrolytic capacitor as described in claim 2, wherein, The chemical structural formula of the polythiophene having at least one sulfonic acid group is shown in formula (I), and the chemical structural formula of the polyselenophene having at least one sulfonic acid group is shown in formula (II): wherein X and Y are each independently selected from the group consisting of oxygen atoms, sulfur atoms and -NR1; R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and aromatic groups; k is any integer between 1 and 50; Where Z is -(CH2)m-CR2R3-(CH2)n-; R2 is selected from the group consisting of: hydrogen atom, -(CH2)pO-(CH2)q-SO3-M+, -(CH2)p-NR4[(CH2)q-SO3-M+], -(CH2)p-NR4[Ar-SO3-M+] and -(CH2)pO-Ar-[(CH2)q-SO3-M+]r; R3 is selected from the group consisting of: -(CH2)pO-(CH2)q-SO3-M+, -( CH2)p-NR4[(CH2)q-SO3-M+], -(CH2)p-NR4[Ar-SO3-M+] and -(CH2)pO-Ar-[(CH2)q-SO3-M+]r; m is an integer from 0 to 3, n is an integer from 0 to 3, p is an integer from 0 to 6, q is 0 or 1, r is an integer from 1 to 4, Ar is an arylene; R4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 5 to 14 carbon atoms; M+ is a metal cation.

4. The semi-solid electrolytic capacitor as described in claim 3, wherein, The chemical structural formula of the polythiophene having at least one sulfonic acid group is shown in formula (III) or formula (IV), and the chemical structural formula of the polyselenophene having at least one sulfonic acid group is shown in formula (V) or formula (VI): where k is any integer between 1 and 50, Z is -(CH2)m-CR2R3-(CH2)n-; R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, -(CH2)pO-(CH2)q-SO3-M+, -(CH2)p-NR4[(CH2)q-SO3-M+], -(CH2)p-NR4[Ar-SO3-M+] and -(CH2)pO-Ar-[(CH2)q-SO3-M+]r; R3 is selected from the group consisting of -(CH2)pO-(CH2)q-SO3-M+, -(CH2)m-CR2R3-(CH2)n-; 2) The group consisting of p-NR4[(CH2)q-SO3-M+], -(CH2)p-NR4[Ar-SO3-M+] and -(CH2)pO-Ar-[(CH2)q-SO3-M+]r; m is an integer from 0 to 3, n is an integer from 0 to 3, p is an integer from 0 to 6, q is 0 or 1, r is an integer from 1 to 4, Ar is arylene; R4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted aryl groups having 5 to 14 carbon atoms; M+ is a metal cation.

5. The semi-solid electrolytic capacitor as described in claim 4, wherein, The chemical structural formula of the polythiophene having at least one sulfonic acid group is represented by one of formulas (VII) to (XII), and the chemical structural formula of the polyselenophene having at least one sulfonic acid group is represented by one of formulas (XIII) to (XVIII): wherein Ar is an arylene; R4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and substituted or unsubstituted aromatic groups having 5 to 14 carbon atoms; M+ is a metal cation; p is an integer from 0 to 6, q is 0 or 1, r is an integer from 1 to 4; and k is any integer between 1 and 50.

6. The semi-solid electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The conductive solid network layer is a multilayer stacked structure formed by drying a first dispersion and a second dispersion, wherein the first dispersion and the second dispersion have different conductive polymers or have different concentrations of conductive polymers; wherein the multilayer stacked structure includes at least one first conductive solid network layer formed by drying the first dispersion and at least one second conductive solid network layer formed by drying the second dispersion.

7. The semi-solid electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The conductivity of the electrolyte is between 0.01 mS / cm and 2 mS / cm.

8. The semi-solid electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The electrolyte comprises a solvent, a lithium salt, and additives, wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of γ-butyrolactone, cyclobutane, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and combinations thereof.

9. The semi-solid electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The total weight of the semi-solid electrolyte is 100% by weight, and the content of the electrolyte is 20% to 40% by weight.

10. The semi-solid electrolytic capacitor as claimed in claim 1, wherein, The sealing element includes an elastic sealing structure compressed by the surrounding concave limiting portion and an oleophobic structure for protecting the elastic sealing structure, wherein the oleophobic structure is configured to reduce the corrosiveness of oily coolant to the elastic sealing structure.

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