Combination of a mosquito net and a medical diagnostic functional item and a method of manufacturing and transporting such combination as well as use thereof

Abstract

A mosquito net (1) in combination with a carrier sheet (6), wherein the mosquito net (1) comprises a mesh fabric (5) formed as a canopy for covering a sleeping place and protecting humans against insects; wherein the carrier sheet (6) is made of a flexible material and has an edge portion, which is attached to the mesh fabric (5), optionally by sewing; wherein the carrier sheet (6) carries a medical diagnostic functional item, for example a malaria test kit.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a combination of a mosquito net and a functional item attached to the mesh fabric of the net. In particular, it relates to a combination according to the preamble of the independent product claim. It also relates to a method for manufacturing and transporting such combination as well as use thereof.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Traditional mosquito nets are the most efficient way to protect humans against malaria. In its simplest form, a mosquito net is a mesh fabric spanning over a dwelling space occupied by humans, for example as a bed night over a sleeping place. Enhancement of efficacy against mosquitoes and other insects has been by adding insecticides to the nets. The technologies in this field within the last two decades have advanced to provide long-lasting insecticidal nets, LLIN, having a lifetime of several years, despite being washed.

[0003] Alongside the technical development, also distribution channels for the nets have improved substantially, so that insecticidal mosquito nets are found widespread in rural areas, especially in Africa. Distribution channels of mosquito nets were used for distribution of water filters in a campaign in 2008 by the company Vestergaard, where mosquito nets, in particular of the type PermaNet®, were distributed in bags, named Care-Pack®, that also contained a water filter of the trademark LifeStraw®, and condoms, as well as educational material in order to extend the fight against malaria and other vector-borne diseases to also cover AIDS and other sexual transmitted diseases. Although, this campaign was a success, it did not continue for long and did also not evolve into a general distribution scheme of other disease-preventive measures.

[0004] Using additional plastic bags for distributing items alongside with the mosquito nets increases material costs as well as packaging costs. However, above all, it creates added waste material, which goes against the intention of reducing waste worldwide, in particular reducing plastic waste.

[0005] It would be desirable to find ways to further improve the capabilities of preventing and fighting diseases in rural areas, for example in Africa, where medical services and infrastructure is not sufficient to achieve the international goals that are set, for example by the WHO, for creating better health conditions worldwide, including such rural areas.DESCRIPTION / SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] It is therefore an objective of the invention to eliminate or at least reduce the disadvantages in the prior art and to provide a general improvement in the art. In particular, it is an objective to improve the early detection and prevention of diseases in rural areas. This objective and further advantages are achieved with a method and with a combination as well as its use as described below and in the claims.

[0007] In short, mosquito nets are used as a vehicle for distribution of medical diagnostic functional items for medical diagnostic tests, which is useful for assisting disease control in rural areas. In particular, the following has been found useful.

[0008] When a mosquito net is transported from the production site to an end user site, for example a rural area in a remote location in Africa, the mosquito net can be used as a vehicle to bring other items along, in particular functional items for diagnosis of diseases to the area. Although, the mosquito net is used for preventing malaria, the protection is primarily achieved at night when the person is sleeping under the net. However, during daytime and during early morning hours or early evening hours, when malaria mosquitoes are active, there is a substantial risk for humans becoming infected with malaria. Accordingly, it is useful to send malaria diagnosis test kits along with the mosquito net.

[0009] In the following, the method is generalised to not only the malaria diagnosis test kit, but to transport other types of medical diagnostic functional items, in particular other diagnosis kits, including test systems for other vector-borne diseases, or Covid, or sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV or syphilis. Further tests include blood sugar levels to indicate diabetes or blood count tests to indicate anaemia. Pregnancy tests is also an option. Early pandemic detection and response is vital for disease control.

[0010] For using the mosquito net as a vehicle for bringing such functional items into rural areas, in particular functional items that serve as medical diagnostic test systems, the functional item is provided on a thin flexible carrier sheet, typically made of fabric or film, which serves as a carrier for holding the functional item during transport until the end user site and which also may contain the necessary instructions for use of the item as well as information for an evaluation of test diagnostic results.

[0011] The carrier sheet is attached to the mesh fabric of the net. Typically, only an edge region of the carrier sheet, but not the entire edge that surround the carrier sheet, is attached to the net, for example by sewing, similar to the normal attachment method use for an information label. The carrier sheet, thus, resembles the information labels that are typically attached with one of their edges to the mesh fabric for providing information about the net and the provider. Being similar with such information labels, also the carrier sheet has dimensions much smaller than the mosquito net, in particular being at least an order of magnitude smaller than dimensions of the mesh fabric, itself. All in all, the carrier sheet has dimensions and typically also the shape similar to the information labels attached to the mesh fabric and differs from the information labels in that it carries a functional item, such as a test kit for diagnosis. The functional item, thus, gets firmly attached to the net by the carrier sheet and will follow the net from the manufacturer to the end user site without any risk of the functional item getting lost on the journey. An additional advantage is achieved in that the functional item does not require separate packaging than the mosquito net.

[0012] An even further advantage is achieved, after attachment of the carrier sheet to the mesh fabric of the mosquito net, by wrapping the mesh fabric around the carrier sheet with the functional item. This way, the mesh fabric provides a cushioning, shock-absorbing effect and forms a temperature-insulating layer around the functional item. The combination of mosquito net and carrier sheet with the functional item is then packed and sent in safe, wrapped configuration from the production site to the end user site.

[0013] In more detail, the mosquito net comprises a mesh fabric, which typically is formed as a canopy for covering a sleeping place and protecting humans against insects. Such canopy has a size in the order of two or three meter length from the top of the mosquito net till bottom edge when hanging. The carrier sheet is much smaller, for example in the range of 10-30 cm long and wide.

[0014] As already mentioned, the carrier sheet carrying the functional item is made of a flexible material, typically fabric or film. It has an edge portion that is attached to the mesh fabric, optionally by sewing, although, it can also be glued or plastic welded to the mesh, the latter being possible for thermoplastic materials, such as polyethylene or polypropylene.

[0015] The invention is useful for a large variety of functional items, in particular diagnostic sets for disease control, such as vector borne diseases.

[0016] In some embodiments, a carrier sheet is provided that contains a flexible thermometer, for example flexible printed thermometer. For example, the thermometer is provided on a detachable portion of the carrier sheet and configured for detachment from a remaining part of the carrier sheet, where the remaining part is attached to the mesh of the mosquito net, for example by sewing. The detached portion with the thermometer is configured for placement onto the skin of a person. The thermometer comprises a temperature indicator for indicating the body temperature measured by the thermometer by highlight of a number that shows the temperature. For example, the temperature is indicated by colour or shading. In this connection, it is pointed out that temperature reading is key to many disease diagnoses and can also be used for fertility and other health related applications.

[0017] For example, the carrier sheet carries a reagent container with test reagent that the user mixes with body fluid in order to make a diagnosis test. Optionally, the user detaches the reagent container from the carrier sheet and opens it for mixing, for example inside the reagent container.

[0018] In some embodiments, the mixing causes a change in appearance of the mix of body fluid and reagent in dependence of the test result, whether positive or negative. For example, the mix changes colour or darkness, which is an indication of whether the user is diagnosed positive or negative.

[0019] In other embodiments, the body fluid flows is brought onto a planar tubular arrangement, where the body fluid, with or without being mixed with a reagent prior to application onto the tubular arrangement, traverses through the tubular arrangement and causes reactions with a diagnostic result visible to the user, for example by colouring, potentially caused by antigene reaction.

[0020] If the test is a test for concentration of a specific substances in the body fluid, such as blood sugar, the colour change may be gradual in dependence on the substance concentration. For easing the user's evaluation of such change, the carrier sheet may have provided thereon, for example printed thereon, a comparison indicator which illustrates possible colours and / or shadings in order for the user to directly compare colour or darkness of the mix of reagent and body fluid with the indicator and by this comparison determine the test result of the diagnosis.

[0021] Typically, the comparison indicator in relation to the reagent reaction with the body fluid is sufficiently distinct in order for the user to visually interpret the result. However, it is also possible to increase analysis precision by using a smartphone application that compares the test result with the comparison indicator on the carrier sheet. Alternatively, or in addition, the smartphone application may comprise a programmed comparison indicator for evaluation of the test and may be programmed with a feedback function to indicate the result to the user.

[0022] In some case for better comparison and correct assessment, the carrier sheet has thereon an applicator field with a test evaluation area to which the mix is applied and where changes in colour or transparency are compared to the comparison indicator in order for the user to determine the test result of the diagnosis.

[0023] Optionally, the applicator field has some reagent which when body fluid is applied, be it with or without a reagent from a reagent container, gives an indication to the user. Also in this case, the comparison indicator at the side of the applicator field is a great help for the user to assess the test result correctly.

[0024] In some embodiments, the carrier sheet is carrying a detachable test strip for diagnosis. The strip is configured for indicating a diagnosis test result after having been exposed to body fluid, for example saliva or urine. Also in this case, it is an advantage to have a comparison indicator on the carrier sheet for the user to evaluate the test result on the detached strip by comparison with the comparison indicator on the carrier sheet, having the strip and the carrier sheet in a side-by-side configuration.

[0025] In order to resemble a carrier sheet, only the edge portion of the flexible carrier sheet is attached to the mesh fabric, for example by sewing, where the edge portion is shorter than the entire edge around the periphery of the carrier. In some of the embodiments, it is advantageous that the carrier sheet is detachable from the mesh fabric. For this, a detachment line is provided, for example by a perforation in the sheet material of the carrier sheet, for example in parallel along the fastened edge portion of the carrier sheet.

[0026] The invention is in particular useful for diagnostic kits for disease control. In some advanced embodiments for diagnosis, the carrier sheet comprises electronics for diagnostic use. For example, the electronics comprise sensor for analysis of body fluids, optionally after having been mixed with reagents, in particular analytic reagents. For example, the electronics comprise pH detectors and / or conductivity detectors, which indicate ion concentrations. Alternatively, the diagnostic detector includes microarrays of light detectors, or even a camera in order to measure density, transmission or colour of the body fluid, optionally mixed with reagents. The electronics may give a feedback to the user as a result of the measurements. In order to provide electrical current to the electronics, a flat battery may be carried on the carrier sheet, and, optionally a flexible photovoltaic cell that provides electricity to the electronics on the carrier sheet and such optional battery for use in medical diagnostics.

[0027] In such case, it is advantageous, if the carrier sheet with the electronics thereon, for example printed on the material of the carrier sheet, is detachable from the mesh, for example by tearing along a perforated detachment line so to detach a functional portion of the carrier sheet from a remaining portion that stays attached to the mesh fabric.

[0028] In relation to electronics, it is pointed out that recent electronic development has had great advances in electronics with thin, flat, and flexible properties, even display screens and push buttons for simple communication.

[0029] In some useful embodiments, the electronics include a loudspeaker for instructions and feedback, which is useful for communication to illiterate and for blind or otherwise vision-impaired people.

[0030] In some embodiments, the item is a biosensor system with microfluidics for measuring physiological states on the basis of body fluids. Diagnostic results are typically given visually, optionally by involving electronic components.

[0031] In some embodiments, the item is a sore bandage having electronics included, which during sore healing monitor the state of the sore and potentially transmit it to a smartphone for further evaluation of the sore state.

[0032] In some embodiments, as an option for precise evaluation of colour changes or intensity variations for diagnostic tests, a smartphone is used with a corresponding application, also called, APP, which is programmed inside the computer of the smartphone. Optionally, data are exchanged by wireless communication through an internet cloud system. For evaluation, the field of view of the built-in camera of the smartphone is directed to the test evaluation area, and the recorded image evaluated, either by the app itself or by submitting the recorded image over the internet and using a correspondingly programmed server system.

[0033] As an option, the carrier sheet comprises at least one of the following:

[0034] drugs against malaria or other diseases, including diarrhoea causing diseases, optionally antibiotics;

[0035] dermal medicine, for example skin cream or medical ointment;

[0036] health supplements, for example vitamins and minerals.SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, where

[0038] FIG. 1 illustrates a mosquito net with carrier sheets attached to it;

[0039] FIG. 2 illustrates a detachable carrier sheet with a thermometer;

[0040] FIG. 3 illustrates a non-detachable carrier sheet with a detachable test strip;

[0041] FIG. 4 illustrates a carrier sheet with a test kit comprising a reagent and a swab stick;

[0042] FIG. 5 illustrates a carrier sheet with a point-of-use test kit and a reagent;

[0043] FIG. 6 illustrates a carrier sheet with a blood test kit comprising one or multiple reagents;

[0044] FIG. 7 illustrates smartphone assistance for the test kit evaluation;

[0045] FIG. 8 illustrates a carrier sheet with a time lapse indicator;

[0046] FIG. 9 illustrates a carrier sheet with a photovoltaic cell and an electronic circuit;

[0047] FIG. 10 illustrates electronics on the carrier sheet for test analysis.DETAILED DESCRIPTION / PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0048] FIG. 1 illustrates a mosquito net 1. The mosquito net 1 has a roof 2 and sidewalls 3, which in this illustrated embodiment comprises upper portion 4A and lower portion 4B of sidewalls 3. Such sidewalls 3 with a lower portion 4B made of a more durable material than the upper portion 4A, are found in the insecticidal mosquito net with the trademark PermaNet 3.0®, but this is not necessary for the invention, where the sidewalls 3 can also be in one type of material.

[0049] Attached, typically by sewing, to the net fabric of the mosquito net 1 are carrier sheets 6 that are similar and provided in addition to labels 6′ that are attached to the mesh fabric 5 of the mosquito net 1 as a standard for providing information to the user about the net and the manufacturer. As will become more apparent in the following, the standard principle of labels 6′ on mosquito nets 1 can be used for attachment of carrier sheets 6 to the mesh fabric 5 for distributing functional items together with the mosquito net 1. The latter brings about a number of distinct advantages, as explained in more detail in the following.

[0050] Typically, such carrier sheets 6 are attached with one of their edges to the lower edge 1A of the mosquito net 1. As an alternative means for fastening carrier sheets 6 to the mesh fabric 5 of the mosquito net 1, the carrier sheets 6 can be attached with their edge to another portion of the mosquito net 1, for example being sewn into the seam 1B between the upper portion 4A and the lower portion 4B of the sidewalls 3, which is also illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0051] Some types of carrier sheets 6 are fastened irremovably to the mesh fabric 5 and are intended to remain on the mesh fabric 5, which means that the removal of the carrier sheet 6 by pulling or tearing it away from the mesh fabric 5 would also damage the mesh fabric 5. It is pointed out that cutting, for example with scissors, would be a method to remove a portion of the carrier sheet 6 from the mesh fabric 5, but the sewn portion of the carrier sheet 5 would remain on the mesh fabric 5, and the carrier sheet 6 is not regarded detachable in the sense of the above.

[0052] Irrespective of the above, some carrier sheets 6 have portions that are provided removable from the mesh fabric 5 and are intended to be removed for use. Such carrier sheets 6 are provide with a separation line 7, typically a perforated line, which is indicated in FIG. 1 by a hatched line, from which a portion of the carrier sheet 6 is removed from the mesh fabric 5.

[0053] As will be explained in more detail below, various types of medical diagnostic functional items can be carried by such carrier sheets 6.

[0054] The use of carrier sheets 6 that are dimensioned and handled similar to ordinary information labels is advantageous in that the technology for handling such carrier sheets and attaching them to the mesh fabric is similar to the standard information labels, so that the carrier sheets with the functional items according to the invention can be readily implemented without changing the traditional streamlined production procedure of mosquito nets, keeping extra costs and extra efforts at minimum. The latter is an important aspect, as low pricing for mosquito nets 1 must be preserved.

[0055] FIG. 2 illustrates a carrier sheet 6 that carries a thin thermometer 8, for example printed thermometer. The carrier sheet 6 as a thermometer carrier is attached to the mesh fabric 5, typically by sewing, and the thermometer portion of it is made detachable from the mesh fabric 5 by a detachment line 7, for example a perforation as indicated by the hatched detachment line 7. Once detached, the thermometer 8 can be put unto the skin of a person, and the thermometer 8 will indicate the skin temperature. The thermometer 8 is exemplified in having a row of numbers, which is in the present exemplified illustration is ranging from 35° C. to 42° C., thus, ranging to both sides of the normal body temperature of 37° C. The measured temperature is indicated by the respective temperature number being highlighted, for example by colour, intensity, or by a highlighted frame 9 or area around the respective number. An option is use of thermochromic material.

[0056] FIG. 3 illustrates a carrier sheet 6 in which one carrier sheet portion 6A carries a test strip 10 for a diagnostic test, for example a urine test or a saliva or blood test. The test strip 10 is detachable from the carrier sheet 6, for example by detachment of a first carrier sheet portion 6A from a second, remaining carrier sheet portion 6B, as illustrated, where the second carrier sheet portion 6B remains attached to the mesh fabric 5. After having performed the test with the test strip 10, for example by applying urine to it, the user may verify the result by comparison to a test result comparison indicator 15 for the various result options A, B, C, or D, for example illustrating a positive test result in two variants, or a negative test, or an invalid result of the test. Although, the illustrated carrier sheet 6 only shows a single test strip 10, it may carry multiple detachable test strips.

[0057] FIG. 4 illustrates a carrier sheet 6 which carries a reagent container 11 that contains a reagent 12. The carrier sheet 6, as an additional option, carries a cotton stick 13, optionally encapsulated in plastic for hygiene reasons but not illustrated here. For example, the cotton stick 13 is used to take a swab from the nose or throat of the user and then dipped into the reagent 12 which changes appearance, for example colour, in dependence of a chemical reaction with the secretion from the nose or throat, after which the final mix of secretion and agent 12 is applied to the applicator field 14 from which the user can deduct a test result when comparing with a colour or intensity scale 15, potentially supported by a level indicator 16. For hygienic reasons, and in order to keep the applicator field 14 useable and free from dirt, it would normally be covered by a sealed plastic film that is to be taken off in order to get access to the applicator field 14. For sake of illustration, the cover is not shown here. Optionally, the comparison applicator field 14 comprises a further reagent in order to make the test result more distinct.

[0058] FIG. 5 shows a reagent container 11 with reagent 12 for a body-fluid test as well as a point-of-use test kit 17 that is carried by the carrier sheet 6 and which can be readily detached from the carrier sheet 6. For hygienic reasons, and in order to keep the test kit useable, it would normally be contained in a sealed plastic bag that is to be broken in order to get the test kit from the carrier sheet 6. For sake of illustration, the sealed bag is not shown here. For example, the user has to drip blood into the reagent container 11 and mix it with the reagent 12, after which the mix is applied to the test kit 17, which is then indicating in its result window 18 whether the test is positive on malaria. Notice that similar test kits can be provided for detecting Covid for use with nose or throat secretion or for detecting sexual transmitted diseases from urine.

[0059] FIG. 6 illustrates a carrier sheet 6 which carries visual information 31 for the user to provide a drop of blood from the finger onto the test evaluation area 30, after which reagent from one or more reagent containers 11 is added, which leads to some type of reaction visible in the test evaluation area 30.

[0060] Alternatively, reagent is already on the test evaluation area, and only body fluid has to be provided, typically after removal of a cover film over the test evaluation area.

[0061] FIG. 7 illustrates an option for precise evaluation of colour changes or intensity variations for diagnostic tests, namely by using a smartphone 22 with a corresponding application, also called, APP, which is programmed inside the computer of the smartphone 22. Optionally, data are exchanged by wireless communication 23 through an internet cloud system 24. For evaluation, the field of view 25 of the built-in camera 26 is directed to the test evaluation area 30, for example on the carrier sheet 6 of FIG. 6.

[0062] FIG. 8 illustrates a time indicator 27 on the carrier sheet 6, indicating some time lapse, for example with respect to the estimated lifetime of the insecticide on the mesh fabric 5 or lifetime of the diagnosis kit that is provided with the mosquito net 1. The time indicator 27 changes colour or colour intensity with time so that this is clearly visible and easy to interpret for the user.

[0063] FIG. 9 illustrates a carrier sheet 6 carrying flexible electronics, such as a printed electronic circuit 29 and optionally a photovoltaic cell 28 for powering the electronic circuit 29. Optionally, it may also carry a flexible battery. For example, the electronics are printed on a flexible substrate, which is attached to the flexible carrier sheet 6 or printed directly onto a flexible carrier sheet material, such as a plastic film, potentially fibre-reinforced for stability reasons. In order to use the photovoltaic cell 28 separately from the mosquito net 1, the corresponding portion of the carrier sheet 6 may be made detachable from the mesh fabric 5 with a detachment line 7.

[0064] The electronic circuit 29 on the carrier sheet 6 is advantageously applied for medical diagnosis, for which an example is given in FIG. 10, which is a cross sectional view of an electronic circuit 29 used for diagnostic test analysis. The electronic circuit 29 is electronically connected to a visual detector 33, for example a single photodiode for colour detection. Alternatively, the visual detector 33 comprises an array of photodiodes, for example in the form of a micro camera, optionally including a lens for spatial resolution. The visual detector 33 is configured for detecting visual appearances of a test sample 34 of body fluid that has been applied onto a test evaluation area 30 on top of a cover sheet 32, typically after mixing with reagent. The detection signal from the visual detector 33 is transmitted to the electronics circuit 29. The electronic circuit 29 is advantageously programmed for performing analysis of the signal from the visual detector 33. This can include evaluation of colour changes caused by a reagent or colour intensities or evaluation of darkness and / or reflectivity of the test sample.

[0065] In order to facilitate evaluation of the test sample 34, an option is provision of a light emitter 35, for example a light emitting diode, LED, for example emitting light at a test-specific wavelength, which is then captured by the visual detector 33 after illumination of the test sample 34. Such method also allows fluorescent measurements of the test sample 34.

[0066] An alternative or additional option is the provision of a probe 36 for measuring physical and / or chemical properties of the body fluid 34 in the diagnosis test area 30. For example, the probe 36 is used for measuring conductivity. Advantageously, the system comprises a combination of visual detector 33 and probe 36.

[0067] Optionally, in order to provide a feedback to the user, the electronic circuit 29 is connected to a visual indicator 37, for example a multi-coloured diode.

[0068] As an option, there is provided a push button 38 in order for the user to switch-on the electronic circuit 29 for the test and for possible further communication from the user to the electronic circuit 29.

[0069] All the carrier sheets 6 as describe above are made from flexible materials in order to prevent it from breaking off the mesh fabric 5.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0048]FIG. 1 illustrates a mosquito net 1. The mosquito net 1 has a roof 2 and sidewalls 3, which in this illustrated embodiment comprises upper portion 4A and lower portion 4B of sidewalls 3. Such sidewalls 3 with a lower portion 4B made of a more durable material than the upper portion 4A, are found in the insecticidal mosquito net with the trademark PermaNet 3.0®, but this is not necessary for the invention, where the sidewalls 3 can also be in one type of material.

[0049]Attached, typically by sewing, to the net fabric of the mosquito net 1 are carrier sheets 6 that are similar and provided in addition to labels 6′ that are attached to the mesh fabric 5 of the mosquito net 1 as a standard for providing information to the user about the net and the manufacturer. As will become more apparent in the following, the standard principle of labels 6′ on mosquito nets 1 can be used for attachment of carrier sheets 6 to the mesh fabric 5 for distributing functional items together with the ...

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a combination of a mosquito net and a functional item attached to the mesh fabric of the net. In particular, it relates to a combination according to the preamble of the independent product claim. It also relates to a method for manufacturing and transporting such combination as well as use thereof.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Traditional mosquito nets are the most efficient way to protect humans against malaria. In its simplest form, a mosquito net is a mesh fabric spanning over a dwelling space occupied by humans, for example as a bed night over a sleeping place. Enhancement of efficacy against mosquitoes and other insects has been by adding insecticides to the nets. The technologies in this field within the last two decades have advanced to provide long-lasting insecticidal nets, LLIN, having a lifetime of several years, despite being washed.

[0003] Alongside the technical development, also distribution channels for the nets have improved substantially, so that insecticidal mosquito nets are found widespread in rural areas, especially in Africa. Distribution channels of mosquito nets were used for distribution of water filters in a campaign in 2008 by the company Vestergaard, where mosquito nets, in particular of the type PermaNet®, were distributed in bags, named Care-Pack®, that also contained a water filter of the trademark LifeStraw®, and condoms, as well as educational material in order to extend the fight against malaria and other vector-borne diseases to also cover AIDS and other sexual transmitted diseases. Although, this campaign was a success, it did not continue for long and did also not evolve into a general distribution scheme of other disease-preventive measures.

[0004] Using additional plastic bags for distributing items alongside with the mosquito nets increases material costs as well as packaging costs. However, above all, it creates added waste material, which goes against the intention of reducing waste worldwide, in particular reducing plastic waste.

[0005] It would be desirable to find ways to further improve the capabilities of preventing and fighting diseases in rural areas, for example in Africa, where medical services and infrastructure is not sufficient to achieve the international goals that are set, for example by the WHO, for creating better health conditions worldwide, including such rural areas.DESCRIPTION / SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] It is therefore an objective of the invention to eliminate or at least reduce the disadvantages in the prior art and to provide a general improvement in the art. In particular, it is an objective to improve the early detection and prevention of diseases in rural areas. This objective and further advantages are achieved with a method and with a combination as well as its use as described below and in the claims.

[0007] In short, mosquito nets are used as a vehicle for distribution of medical diagnostic functional items for medical diagnostic tests, which is useful for assisting disease control in rural areas. In particular, the following has been found useful.

[0008] When a mosquito net is transported from the production site to an end user site, for example a rural area in a remote location in Africa, the mosquito net can be used as a vehicle to bring other items along, in particular functional items for diagnosis of diseases to the area. Although, the mosquito net is used for preventing malaria, the protection is primarily achieved at night when the person is sleeping under the net. However, during daytime and during early morning hours or early evening hours, when malaria mosquitoes are active, there is a substantial risk for humans becoming infected with malaria. Accordingly, it is useful to send malaria diagnosis test kits along with the mosquito net.

[0009] In the following, the method is generalised to not only the malaria diagnosis test kit, but to transport other types of medical diagnostic functional items, in particular other diagnosis kits, including test systems for other vector-borne diseases, or Covid, or sexually transmitted diseases such as HIV or syphilis. Further tests include blood sugar levels to indicate diabetes or blood count tests to indicate anaemia. Pregnancy tests is also an option. Early pandemic detection and response is vital for disease control.

[0010] For using the mosquito net as a vehicle for bringing such functional items into rural areas, in particular functional items that serve as medical diagnostic test systems, the functional item is provided on a thin flexible carrier sheet, typically made of fabric or film, which serves as a carrier for holding the functional item during transport until the end user site and which also may contain the necessary instructions for use of the item as well as information for an evaluation of test diagnostic results.

[0011] The carrier sheet is attached to the mesh fabric of the net. Typically, only an edge region of the carrier sheet, but not the entire edge that surround the carrier sheet, is attached to the net, for example by sewing, similar to the normal attachment method use for an information label. The carrier sheet, thus, resembles the information labels that are typically attached with one of their edges to the mesh fabric for providing information about the net and the provider. Being similar with such information labels, also the carrier sheet has dimensions much smaller than the mosquito net, in particular being at least an order of magnitude smaller than dimensions of the mesh fabric, itself. All in all, the carrier sheet has dimensions and typically also the shape similar to the information labels attached to the mesh fabric and differs from the information labels in that it carries a functional item, such as a test kit for diagnosis. The functional item, thus, gets firmly attached to the net by the carrier sheet and will follow the net from the manufacturer to the end user site without any risk of the functional item getting lost on the journey. An additional advantage is achieved in that the functional item does not require separate packaging than the mosquito net.

[0012] An even further advantage is achieved, after attachment of the carrier sheet to the mesh fabric of the mosquito net, by wrapping the mesh fabric around the carrier sheet with the functional item. This way, the mesh fabric provides a cushioning, shock-absorbing effect and forms a temperature-insulating layer around the functional item. The combination of mosquito net and carrier sheet with the functional item is then packed and sent in safe, wrapped configuration from the production site to the end user site.

[0013] In more detail, the mosquito net comprises a mesh fabric, which typically is formed as a canopy for covering a sleeping place and protecting humans against insects. Such canopy has a size in the order of two or three meter length from the top of the mosquito net till bottom edge when hanging. The carrier sheet is much smaller, for example in the range of 10-30 cm long and wide.

[0014] As already mentioned, the carrier sheet carrying the functional item is made of a flexible material, typically fabric or film. It has an edge portion that is attached to the mesh fabric, optionally by sewing, although, it can also be glued or plastic welded to the mesh, the latter being possible for thermoplastic materials, such as polyethylene or polypropylene.

[0015] The invention is useful for a large variety of functional items, in particular diagnostic sets for disease control, such as vector borne diseases.

[0016] In some embodiments, a carrier sheet is provided that contains a flexible thermometer, for example flexible printed thermometer. For example, the thermometer is provided on a detachable portion of the carrier sheet and configured for detachment from a remaining part of the carrier sheet, where the remaining part is attached to the mesh of the mosquito net, for example by sewing. The detached portion with the thermometer is configured for placement onto the skin of a person. The thermometer comprises a temperature indicator for indicating the body temperature measured by the thermometer by highlight of a number that shows the temperature. For example, the temperature is indicated by colour or shading. In this connection, it is pointed out that temperature reading is key to many disease diagnoses and can also be used for fertility and other health related applications.

[0017] For example, the carrier sheet carries a reagent container with test reagent that the user mixes with body fluid in order to make a diagnosis test. Optionally, the user detaches the reagent container from the carrier sheet and opens it for mixing, for example inside the reagent container.

[0018] In some embodiments, the mixing causes a change in appearance of the mix of body fluid and reagent in dependence of the test result, whether positive or negative. For example, the mix changes colour or darkness, which is an indication of whether the user is diagnosed positive or negative.

[0019] In other embodiments, the body fluid flows is brought onto a planar tubular arrangement, where the body fluid, with or without being mixed with a reagent prior to application onto the tubular arrangement, traverses through the tubular arrangement and causes reactions with a diagnostic result visible to the user, for example by colouring, potentially caused by antigene reaction.

[0020] If the test is a test for concentration of a specific substances in the body fluid, such as blood sugar, the colour change may be gradual in dependence on the substance concentration. For easing the user's evaluation of such change, the carrier sheet may have provided thereon, for example printed thereon, a comparison indicator which illustrates possible colours and / or shadings in order for the user to directly compare colour or darkness of the mix of reagent and body fluid with the indicator and by this comparison determine the test result of the diagnosis.

[0021] Typically, the comparison indicator in relation to the reagent reaction with the body fluid is sufficiently distinct in order for the user to visually interpret the result. However, it is also possible to increase analysis precision by using a smartphone application that compares the test result with the comparison indicator on the carrier sheet. Alternatively, or in addition, the smartphone application may comprise a programmed comparison indicator for evaluation of the test and may be programmed with a feedback function to indicate the result to the user.

[0022] In some case for better comparison and correct assessment, the carrier sheet has thereon an applicator field with a test evaluation area to which the mix is applied and where changes in colour or transparency are compared to the comparison indicator in order for the user to determine the test result of the diagnosis.

[0023] Optionally, the applicator field has some reagent which when body fluid is applied, be it with or without a reagent from a reagent container, gives an indication to the user. Also in this case, the comparison indicator at the side of the applicator field is a great help for the user to assess the test result correctly.

[0024] In some embodiments, the carrier sheet is carrying a detachable test strip for diagnosis. The strip is configured for indicating a diagnosis test result after having been exposed to body fluid, for example saliva or urine. Also in this case, it is an advantage to have a comparison indicator on the carrier sheet for the user to evaluate the test result on the detached strip by comparison with the comparison indicator on the carrier sheet, having the strip and the carrier sheet in a side-by-side configuration.

[0025] In order to resemble a carrier sheet, only the edge portion of the flexible carrier sheet is attached to the mesh fabric, for example by sewing, where the edge portion is shorter than the entire edge around the periphery of the carrier. In some of the embodiments, it is advantageous that the carrier sheet is detachable from the mesh fabric. For this, a detachment line is provided, for example by a perforation in the sheet material of the carrier sheet, for example in parallel along the fastened edge portion of the carrier sheet.

[0026] The invention is in particular useful for diagnostic kits for disease control. In some advanced embodiments for diagnosis, the carrier sheet comprises electronics for diagnostic use. For example, the electronics comprise sensor for analysis of body fluids, optionally after having been mixed with reagents, in particular analytic reagents. For example, the electronics comprise pH detectors and / or conductivity detectors, which indicate ion concentrations. Alternatively, the diagnostic detector includes microarrays of light detectors, or even a camera in order to measure density, transmission or colour of the body fluid, optionally mixed with reagents. The electronics may give a feedback to the user as a result of the measurements. In order to provide electrical current to the electronics, a flat battery may be carried on the carrier sheet, and, optionally a flexible photovoltaic cell that provides electricity to the electronics on the carrier sheet and such optional battery for use in medical diagnostics.

[0027] In such case, it is advantageous, if the carrier sheet with the electronics thereon, for example printed on the material of the carrier sheet, is detachable from the mesh, for example by tearing along a perforated detachment line so to detach a functional portion of the carrier sheet from a remaining portion that stays attached to the mesh fabric.

[0028] In relation to electronics, it is pointed out that recent electronic development has had great advances in electronics with thin, flat, and flexible properties, even display screens and push buttons for simple communication.

[0029] In some useful embodiments, the electronics include a loudspeaker for instructions and feedback, which is useful for communication to illiterate and for blind or otherwise vision-impaired people.

[0030] In some embodiments, the item is a biosensor system with microfluidics for measuring physiological states on the basis of body fluids. Diagnostic results are typically given visually, optionally by involving electronic components.

[0031] In some embodiments, the item is a sore bandage having electronics included, which during sore healing monitor the state of the sore and potentially transmit it to a smartphone for further evaluation of the sore state.

[0032] In some embodiments, as an option for precise evaluation of colour changes or intensity variations for diagnostic tests, a smartphone is used with a corresponding application, also called, APP, which is programmed inside the computer of the smartphone. Optionally, data are exchanged by wireless communication through an internet cloud system. For evaluation, the field of view of the built-in camera of the smartphone is directed to the test evaluation area, and the recorded image evaluated, either by the app itself or by submitting the recorded image over the internet and using a correspondingly programmed server system.

[0033] As an option, the carrier sheet comprises at least one of the following:

[0034] drugs against malaria or other diseases, including diarrhoea causing diseases, optionally antibiotics;

[0035] dermal medicine, for example skin cream or medical ointment;

[0036] health supplements, for example vitamins and minerals.SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, where

[0038] FIG. 1 illustrates a mosquito net with carrier sheets attached to it;

[0039] FIG. 2 illustrates a detachable carrier sheet with a thermometer;

[0040] FIG. 3 illustrates a non-detachable carrier sheet with a detachable test strip;

[0041] FIG. 4 illustrates a carrier sheet with a test kit comprising a reagent and a swab stick;

[0042] FIG. 5 illustrates a carrier sheet with a point-of-use test kit and a reagent;

[0043] FIG. 6 illustrates a carrier sheet with a blood test kit comprising one or multiple reagents;

[0044] FIG. 7 illustrates smartphone assistance for the test kit evaluation;

[0045] FIG. 8 illustrates a carrier sheet with a time lapse indicator;

[0046] FIG. 9 illustrates a carrier sheet with a photovoltaic cell and an electronic circuit;

[0047] FIG. 10 illustrates electronics on the carrier sheet for test analysis.DETAILED DESCRIPTION / PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0048] FIG. 1 illustrates a mosquito net 1. The mosquito net 1 has a roof 2 and sidewalls 3, which in this illustrated embodiment comprises upper portion 4A and lower portion 4B of sidewalls 3. Such sidewalls 3 with a lower portion 4B made of a more durable material than the upper portion 4A, are found in the insecticidal mosquito net with the trademark PermaNet 3.0®, but this is not necessary for the invention, where the sidewalls 3 can also be in one type of material.

[0049] Attached, typically by sewing, to the net fabric of the mosquito net 1 are carrier sheets 6 that are similar and provided in addition to labels 6′ that are attached to the mesh fabric 5 of the mosquito net 1 as a standard for providing information to the user about the net and the manufacturer. As will become more apparent in the following, the standard principle of labels 6′ on mosquito nets 1 can be used for attachment of carrier sheets 6 to the mesh fabric 5 for distributing functional items together with the mosquito net 1. The latter brings about a number of distinct advantages, as explained in more detail in the following.

[0050] Typically, such carrier sheets 6 are attached with one of their edges to the lower edge 1A of the mosquito net 1. As an alternative means for fastening carrier sheets 6 to the mesh fabric 5 of the mosquito net 1, the carrier sheets 6 can be attached with their edge to another portion of the mosquito net 1, for example being sewn into the seam 1B between the upper portion 4A and the lower portion 4B of the sidewalls 3, which is also illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0051] Some types of carrier sheets 6 are fastened irremovably to the mesh fabric 5 and are intended to remain on the mesh fabric 5, which means that the removal of the carrier sheet 6 by pulling or tearing it away from the mesh fabric 5 would also damage the mesh fabric 5. It is pointed out that cutting, for example with scissors, would be a method to remove a portion of the carrier sheet 6 from the mesh fabric 5, but the sewn portion of the carrier sheet 5 would remain on the mesh fabric 5, and the carrier sheet 6 is not regarded detachable in the sense of the above.

[0052] Irrespective of the above, some carrier sheets 6 have portions that are provided removable from the mesh fabric 5 and are intended to be removed for use. Such carrier sheets 6 are provide with a separation line 7, typically a perforated line, which is indicated in FIG. 1 by a hatched line, from which a portion of the carrier sheet 6 is removed from the mesh fabric 5.

[0053] As will be explained in more detail below, various types of medical diagnostic functional items can be carried by such carrier sheets 6.

[0054] The use of carrier sheets 6 that are dimensioned and handled similar to ordinary information labels is advantageous in that the technology for handling such carrier sheets and attaching them to the mesh fabric is similar to the standard information labels, so that the carrier sheets with the functional items according to the invention can be readily implemented without changing the traditional streamlined production procedure of mosquito nets, keeping extra costs and extra efforts at minimum. The latter is an important aspect, as low pricing for mosquito nets 1 must be preserved.

[0055] FIG. 2 illustrates a carrier sheet 6 that carries a thin thermometer 8, for example printed thermometer. The carrier sheet 6 as a thermometer carrier is attached to the mesh fabric 5, typically by sewing, and the thermometer portion of it is made detachable from the mesh fabric 5 by a detachment line 7, for example a perforation as indicated by the hatched detachment line 7. Once detached, the thermometer 8 can be put unto the skin of a person, and the thermometer 8 will indicate the skin temperature. The thermometer 8 is exemplified in having a row of numbers, which is in the present exemplified illustration is ranging from 35° C. to 42° C., thus, ranging to both sides of the normal body temperature of 37° C. The measured temperature is indicated by the respective temperature number being highlighted, for example by colour, intensity, or by a highlighted frame 9 or area around the respective number. An option is use of thermochromic material.

[0056] FIG. 3 illustrates a carrier sheet 6 in which one carrier sheet portion 6A carries a test strip 10 for a diagnostic test, for example a urine test or a saliva or blood test. The test strip 10 is detachable from the carrier sheet 6, for example by detachment of a first carrier sheet portion 6A from a second, remaining carrier sheet portion 6B, as illustrated, where the second carrier sheet portion 6B remains attached to the mesh fabric 5. After having performed the test with the test strip 10, for example by applying urine to it, the user may verify the result by comparison to a test result comparison indicator 15 for the various result options A, B, C, or D, for example illustrating a positive test result in two variants, or a negative test, or an invalid result of the test. Although, the illustrated carrier sheet 6 only shows a single test strip 10, it may carry multiple detachable test strips.

[0057] FIG. 4 illustrates a carrier sheet 6 which carries a reagent container 11 that contains a reagent 12. The carrier sheet 6, as an additional option, carries a cotton stick 13, optionally encapsulated in plastic for hygiene reasons but not illustrated here. For example, the cotton stick 13 is used to take a swab from the nose or throat of the user and then dipped into the reagent 12 which changes appearance, for example colour, in dependence of a chemical reaction with the secretion from the nose or throat, after which the final mix of secretion and agent 12 is applied to the applicator field 14 from which the user can deduct a test result when comparing with a colour or intensity scale 15, potentially supported by a level indicator 16. For hygienic reasons, and in order to keep the applicator field 14 useable and free from dirt, it would normally be covered by a sealed plastic film that is to be taken off in order to get access to the applicator field 14. For sake of illustration, the cover is not shown here. Optionally, the comparison applicator field 14 comprises a further reagent in order to make the test result more distinct.

[0058] FIG. 5 shows a reagent container 11 with reagent 12 for a body-fluid test as well as a point-of-use test kit 17 that is carried by the carrier sheet 6 and which can be readily detached from the carrier sheet 6. For hygienic reasons, and in order to keep the test kit useable, it would normally be contained in a sealed plastic bag that is to be broken in order to get the test kit from the carrier sheet 6. For sake of illustration, the sealed bag is not shown here. For example, the user has to drip blood into the reagent container 11 and mix it with the reagent 12, after which the mix is applied to the test kit 17, which is then indicating in its result window 18 whether the test is positive on malaria. Notice that similar test kits can be provided for detecting Covid for use with nose or throat secretion or for detecting sexual transmitted diseases from urine.

[0059] FIG. 6 illustrates a carrier sheet 6 which carries visual information 31 for the user to provide a drop of blood from the finger onto the test evaluation area 30, after which reagent from one or more reagent containers 11 is added, which leads to some type of reaction visible in the test evaluation area 30.

[0060] Alternatively, reagent is already on the test evaluation area, and only body fluid has to be provided, typically after removal of a cover film over the test evaluation area.

[0061] FIG. 7 illustrates an option for precise evaluation of colour changes or intensity variations for diagnostic tests, namely by using a smartphone 22 with a corresponding application, also called, APP, which is programmed inside the computer of the smartphone 22. Optionally, data are exchanged by wireless communication 23 through an internet cloud system 24. For evaluation, the field of view 25 of the built-in camera 26 is directed to the test evaluation area 30, for example on the carrier sheet 6 of FIG. 6.

[0062] FIG. 8 illustrates a time indicator 27 on the carrier sheet 6, indicating some time lapse, for example with respect to the estimated lifetime of the insecticide on the mesh fabric 5 or lifetime of the diagnosis kit that is provided with the mosquito net 1. The time indicator 27 changes colour or colour intensity with time so that this is clearly visible and easy to interpret for the user.

[0063] FIG. 9 illustrates a carrier sheet 6 carrying flexible electronics, such as a printed electronic circuit 29 and optionally a photovoltaic cell 28 for powering the electronic circuit 29. Optionally, it may also carry a flexible battery. For example, the electronics are printed on a flexible substrate, which is attached to the flexible carrier sheet 6 or printed directly onto a flexible carrier sheet material, such as a plastic film, potentially fibre-reinforced for stability reasons. In order to use the photovoltaic cell 28 separately from the mosquito net 1, the corresponding portion of the carrier sheet 6 may be made detachable from the mesh fabric 5 with a detachment line 7.

[0064] The electronic circuit 29 on the carrier sheet 6 is advantageously applied for medical diagnosis, for which an example is given in FIG. 10, which is a cross sectional view of an electronic circuit 29 used for diagnostic test analysis. The electronic circuit 29 is electronically connected to a visual detector 33, for example a single photodiode for colour detection. Alternatively, the visual detector 33 comprises an array of photodiodes, for example in the form of a micro camera, optionally including a lens for spatial resolution. The visual detector 33 is configured for detecting visual appearances of a test sample 34 of body fluid that has been applied onto a test evaluation area 30 on top of a cover sheet 32, typically after mixing with reagent. The detection signal from the visual detector 33 is transmitted to the electronics circuit 29. The electronic circuit 29 is advantageously programmed for performing analysis of the signal from the visual detector 33. This can include evaluation of colour changes caused by a reagent or colour intensities or evaluation of darkness and / or reflectivity of the test sample.

[0065] In order to facilitate evaluation of the test sample 34, an option is provision of a light emitter 35, for example a light emitting diode, LED, for example emitting light at a test-specific wavelength, which is then captured by the visual detector 33 after illumination of the test sample 34. Such method also allows fluorescent measurements of the test sample 34.

[0066] An alternative or additional option is the provision of a probe 36 for measuring physical and / or chemical properties of the body fluid 34 in the diagnosis test area 30. For example, the probe 36 is used for measuring conductivity. Advantageously, the system comprises a combination of visual detector 33 and probe 36.

[0067] Optionally, in order to provide a feedback to the user, the electronic circuit 29 is connected to a visual indicator 37, for example a multi-coloured diode.

[0068] As an option, there is provided a push button 38 in order for the user to switch-on the electronic circuit 29 for the test and for possible further communication from the user to the electronic circuit 29.

[0069] All the carrier sheets 6 as describe above are made from flexible materials in order to prevent it from breaking off the mesh fabric 5.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0048]FIG. 1 illustrates a mosquito net 1. The mosquito net 1 has a roof 2 and sidewalls 3, which in this illustrated embodiment comprises upper portion 4A and lower portion 4B of sidewalls 3. Such sidewalls 3 with a lower portion 4B made of a more durable material than the upper portion 4A, are found in the insecticidal mosquito net with the trademark PermaNet 3.0®, but this is not necessary for the invention, where the sidewalls 3 can also be in one type of material.

[0049]Attached, typically by sewing, to the net fabric of the mosquito net 1 are carrier sheets 6 that are similar and provided in addition to labels 6′ that are attached to the mesh fabric 5 of the mosquito net 1 as a standard for providing information to the user about the net and the manufacturer. As will become more apparent in the following, the standard principle of labels 6′ on mosquito nets 1 can be used for attachment of carrier sheets 6 to the mesh fabric 5 for distributing functional items together with the ...

Claims

1. an article comprising a mosquito net (1) and a carrier sheet (6), wherein the mosquito net (1) comprises a mesh fabric (5) formed as a canopy for covering a sleeping place and protecting humans against insects; wherein the carrier sheet (6) is made of a flexible sheet material, and has a portion that is attached to the mesh fabric (5), wherein the carrier sheet (6) carries a functional item, wherein the functional item is a medical diagnostic functional item for a diagnostic test and configured for indicating a medical diagnostic test result by the diagnostic test.

2. An article according to claim 1, wherein the carrier sheet (6) carries a reagent (12) for the diagnostic test when the reagent (12) is mixed with body fluid of a human, and wherein the carrier sheet (6) has an applicator field (14) on its surface for provision and evaluation of the mix of body fluid and reagent of the diagnostic test and configured for providing a visible test result after provision of the body fluid mixed with the reagent on the applicator field (14).

3. An article according to claim 2, wherein the carrier sheet (6) has thereon a comparison indicator (15) with varying colour or shading as indicators for different outcomes of the diagnostic test in order for the user to compare colour or darkness of the mix of reagent and body fluid with the colour or shading of the comparison indicator (15) and for determining the test result of the diagnostic test on the basis of the colour or darkness of the mix by comparison with the comparison indicator (15).

4. An article according to claim 2, wherein the test reagent (12) is contained in a reagent container (11) for mixing with body fluid prior to application of the body fluid onto the applicator field (14) together with the reagent.

5. An article according to claim 2, wherein the carrier sheet (6) carries a detachable test strip (10) that has on its service the reagent (12) and is configured for indicating a result of the diagnostic test after having been exposed to body fluid, wherein the carrier sheet (6) has a comparison indicator (15) thereon with indicators for different outcomes of the diagnostic test as a help for the user to evaluate the test result on the strip (10) by comparison with the comparison indicator (15).

6. An article according to claim 2, wherein the functional item comprises an electronic circuit (29) and a visual detector (33) that electronically connected to the electronic circuit (29), wherein the visual detector (33) is provided at the applicator field (14) for detecting colour or darkness of the mix of reagent and body fluid and for transmitting a corresponding electronic signal to the electronic circuit (29), and wherein the electronic circuit (29) is programmed for evaluating the received electronic signal and providing a test result to the user as a feedback for the test on the basis of the evaluation.

7. An article according to claim 6, wherein the electronic circuit comprises a visual indicator 15 (37) for feedback to the user of the test result.

8. An article according to claim 6, wherein the functional item on the carrier sheet (6) includes a flexible photovoltaic cell (28) for powering the electronic circuit (29).

9. An article according to claim 1, wherein the functional item is a flexible thermometer (8) provided on the carrier sheet (6) and configured for detachment and for placement onto the skin of a person, the thermometer (8) comprising a temperature indicator (9) for indicating the body temperature measured by the thermometer (8).

10. An article according to claim 1, wherein the carrier sheet (6) has an edge around its periphery and only a portion of the edge, which is shorter than the edge around the periphery, is attached to the mesh fabric.

11. An article according to claim 10, wherein the portion of the edge is attached to the mesh fabric (5) by sewing.

12. An article according to claim 10, wherein a portion (6A) of the carrier sheet (6) is detachable from the mesh fabric (5) by detachment along a detachment line (7).

13. An article according to claim 12, wherein the detachment line (7) comprises a perforation for ease of detachment.

14. A method for manufacturing and transporting an article according to claim 1, from a production site to an end user site, the method comprisingproviding the functional item on a flexible carrier sheet (6) made of fabric or film and attaching only an edge region of the carrier sheet (6), but not the entire edge that surround the carrier sheet (6), to the mesh fabric (5) of the mosquito net (1) to form a carrier sheet (6) on the mesh fabric (5); wherein the carrier sheet (6) has dimensions at least an order of magnitude less that dimensions of the mesh fabric (5);wrapping the mesh fabric (5) around the carrier sheet (6) and the functional item, after attachment of the carrier sheet (6) with the functional item to the mesh fabric (5), in order for the mesh fabric (5) to provide a shock absorbing and temperature insulating layer around the functional item, andpacking and sending the combination of mosquito net and carrier sheet with the functional item, in wrapped configuration from the production site to the end user site.

15. A method according to claim 14, wherein the functional item is a diagnostic functional item configured for diagnosis of a disease.

16. A method according to claim 15, wherein the functional item is a diagnostic test kit with a reagent configured for being mixed with a body fluid for giving an indication of a disease.

17. (canceled)18. An article according to claim 1, wherein the flexible sheet material is a fabric or film.

19. An article according to claim 1, wherein the portion is an edge portion.

20. An article according to claim 1, wherein the portion is sewn to the mesh fabric (5).

21. An article according to claim 5, wherein the body fluid is urine.

Images