Precision fracture-creating intelligent fracturing sleeve system and its implementation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of fracturing sleeve systems, and more particularly to a precise fracture-creating intelligent fracturing sleeve system and its implementation method. For the first opening of each stage of openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeves, the implementation mode of independently opening or closing any stage of intelligent fracturing sleeve, or the need to open or close multi-stage sleeves during production, different intelligent tags and matched tools are adopted. This enables infinite-stage, more efficient and precise fracturing and fracture creation in unconventional oil and gas wells, thereby optimizing the production effect of oil and gas wells. Meanwhile, the system is capable of non-water plugging operation for pay zones in the later production period.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] The application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 2025100838322, filed on January 20, 2025, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of fracturing sleeve systems, and more particularly to a precise fracture-creating intelligent fracturing sleeve system and its implementation method.BACKGROUND

[0003] According to geological conditions and reservoir characteristics, to further improve the development effect, on the one hand, it is necessary to realize dense and uniform fracturing in the horizontal section to maximize the single well production, and orient the sandblasting holes at the most favorable geological horizons. This method can effectively avoid the blindness and randomness that may occur in the traditional perforation technology, ensure a more accurate connection between the sandblasting holes and fractures, and thus improve the fracturing effect.

[0004] The fracturing technology with oriented sandblasting holes will become an important means to improve productivity in oil and gas production. Combining the oriented setting of sandblasting holes and fracturing operations, this technology optimizes the production effect of oil and gas wells by precisely controlling the direction of sandblasting holes and the propagation direction of fracturing fractures. On the other hand, it is necessary to realize repeatable open and close control after water-producing layer plugging regulation and pay zone treatment in the later development period, so as to ensure the controllable reconstruction and development of oil and gas wells throughout their life cycle.SUMMARY

[0005] The present invention provides a precise fracture-creating intelligent fracturing sleeve system and its implementation method, aiming to improve the precision of fracturing and fracture creation.

[0006] The above objective is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An intelligent tag comprises a central body, a movable body and a contraction-expansion structure are slidably connected to the central body, a tail part is fixedly connected to the left part of the central body, a cavity is formed between the central body and the tail part, and a driving mechanism for controlling the axial displacement of the movable body, wherein the axial displacement of the movable body is used to push the contraction-expansion structure to expand; the central body, the movable body and the tail part are coaxially arranged, and the contraction-expansion structure can protrude out of the central body, the movable body and the tail part after being fully expanded.

[0008] The intelligent tag is a rubber plug-equipped intelligent tag, the central body is a guide-type central body, the right part of the guide-type central body is a cylinder, the left part is a cone with a diameter decreasing from left to right, a shoulder is formed between the cone and the cylinder, the movable body is an external movable body slidably connected to the cylinder, the left end of the external movable body abuts against the shoulder in the initial state, the contraction-expansion structure is a sealing ring sleeved and attached to the cone, an open ring attached to the cone is fixedly connected to the left end of the sealing ring, the left end of the external movable body is fixedly connected to the right end of the sealing ring, a limiting part is fixedly connected to the right end of the guide-type central body, and the left end of the limiting part abuts against the right end of the external movable body, thereby limiting the rightward movement freedom of the external movable body; the tail part comprises a rear cover fixedly connected to the left end of the external movable body and a rubber plug fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rear cover; a first execution unit and a first electronic control unit for controlling the first execution unit are fixedly connected in the guide-type central body;

[0009] A central liquid passing channel is formed by the conduction of the guide-type central body, the external movable body, the rear cover and the limiting part.

[0010] The rubber plug protrudes out of the expanded sealing ring and open ring in the radial direction, and can contract to not protrude out of the guide-type central body, the external movable body and the rear cover when subjected to radial pressure extrusion.

[0011] A fracturing ball is arranged inside the rear cover, and can block the central liquid passing channel when moving rightward inside the rear cover to abut against the right end inside the rear cover.

[0012] The inner diameter of the central liquid passing channel at the left part of the rear cover is smaller than the diameter of the fracturing ball.

[0013] Alternatively, the intelligent tag is an opening tool, the central body comprises a universal central body and a guide head threadedly connected to the right end of the universal central body, an internal movable body serving as the movable body is slidably connected in the guide head, a window is formed on the radial wall surface of the guide head, the internal movable body forms a conical surface with a diameter decreasing from left to right, and a claw is slidably connected to the conical surface of the internal movable body;

[0014] A rear cover serving as the tail part is fixedly connected to the left end of the universal central body, a first electronic control unit is fixedly connected in the universal central body, an electromagnet is fixedly connected to the right end of the universal central body, a magnet is fixedly connected to the left end of the internal movable body, and the first electronic control unit controls the start and close of the electromagnet.

[0015] An axial relative movement is generated between the internal movable body and the claw, so that the internal movable body pushes the claw to move radially in the window.

[0016] An openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve comprises a sleeve main body, a first gland and a second gland are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve main body, a rotary sandblaster is rotatably connected to the second gland, a cement slow-release agent is arranged in the rotary sandblaster, an upper joint and a lower joint are fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the sleeve main body respectively, an inner sleeve core is slidably connected in the sleeve main body, a retainer is fixedly connected to the sleeve main body, a retaining groove is formed on the outer wall of the inner sleeve core, the retainer is located in the retaining groove to retain the inner sleeve core, and the inner sleeve core can abut against the lower joint after being released from the retention.

[0017] The rotary sandblaster comprises an execution module and a rotary sandblasting body, the execution module comprises a gear motor fixedly connected in the first gland, an output shaft of the gear motor is in transmission connection with the rotary sandblasting body, the rotary sandblasting body is coaxially arranged with the motor output shaft and rotatably connected to the second gland, sandblasting holes are formed on the wall of the rotary sandblasting body and perpendicular to the axis of the rotary sandblasting body; the inner sleeve core blocks the sandblasting holes when retained by the retainer, and the sandblasting holes conduct the sleeve main body with the outside after the inner sleeve core is released from the retention of the retainer.

[0018] A method for implementing a precise fracture-creating intelligent fracturing sleeve system is as follows: the rotary sandblaster rotates continuously during the running-in of the intelligent fracturing sleeve, a horizontal position detection device installed in the first gland feeds back information to a second electronic control unit, so that a second execution unit drives the rotary sandblasting body to rotate, adjusting the included angle between the axis of the sandblasting holes on the rotary sandblasting body and the horizontal plane to a set corresponding angle; when the intelligent fracturing sleeve is run to its designated position, the included angle between the sandblasting holes and the horizontal plane is just adjusted to the designated orientation required by the design.

[0019] The method for implementing the precise fracture-creating intelligent fracturing sleeve system is as follows:

[0020] Implementation mode for the first opening of each stage of openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeves:

[0021] The downhole tools are connected by casings, and a rubber plug-equipped intelligent tag is used; after the sealing ring and the open ring are expanded, they are retained and blocked inside the intelligent fracturing sleeve, and the first opening and fracturing operation of the sleeve are completed with the pressurization of a pump truck.

[0022] Implementation mode for independently opening or closing any stage of intelligent fracturing sleeve:

[0023] A coiled tubing carries an opening tool to be conveyed downhole through the casing; the first electronic control unit rapidly changes the current direction of the electromagnet after receiving the signal, thereby changing the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnet, making the electromagnet and the magnet repel each other with the same poles to push the claw to move radially for diameter changing, so that the claw is retained in the openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve; the openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve is driven by dragging the coiled tubing to complete the opening action of the intelligent sleeve.

[0024] When it is necessary to repeatedly open and close the intelligent fracturing sleeves during production:

[0025] A conventional tubing or a coiled tubing carrying an opening tool can realize the opening or closing of the intelligent fracturing sleeves in a single stage or multiple stages.

[0026] When sealing is required between various accessories, a sealing ring can be installed in a groove to realize sealing between two accessories. For example, a sealing ring abutting against the inner wall of the guide-type central body is arranged on the outer circumference of the rear cover; two sealing rings are arranged on the guide-type central body, one of which forms a seal with the central hole of the rear cover, and the other forms a seal with the inner wall of the gland; a sealing ring abutting against the right end of the guide-type central body is arranged on the inner wall of the gland.

[0027] Advantages of the Precise Fracture-Creating Intelligent Fracturing Sleeve System and Its Implementation Method of the Present Invention:

[0028] The invention can realize infinite-stage, more efficient and precise fracturing and fracture creation in unconventional oil and gas wells, thereby optimizing the production effect of oil and gas wells. Meanwhile, the system is capable of non-water plugging operation for pay zones in the later production period; through the pre-installed openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeves on the completion string, a coiled tubing carrying a switch tool is used to realize repeatable open and close control of pay zones without changing the inner diameter of the completion string and causing production fluid throttling, which greatly improves the regulation flexibility of oil and gas reservoirs from the initial development stage to the later stage of oil stabilization and water control.

[0029] The pre-installed openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeves on the casing completion string improve the effect of oil stabilization and water control in the later production period without causing production fluid throttling.

[0030] The system is provided with a device for automatically adjusting the orientation of the rotary sandblasting body, which orients the sandblasting holes at the direction of the most favorable geological horizons.

[0031] In the fracturing process, an intelligent tag with automatic positioning identification and diameter changing functions is used as an opening tool for the infinite-stage intelligent fracturing sleeves pre-installed on the casing completion string; the opening and fracturing operations of each stage of fracturing sleeves downhole can be completed only by automatic dropping and pumping from the wellhead, realizing full-bore and efficient dense fracturing of the whole well section while avoiding the use of initiating devices, cables and other measures.

[0032] During the pumping of the intelligent tag, a ground high-frequency pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure change generated when the rubber plug passes through different pipe diameters to judge whether the number of fracturing sleeves that the tag has passed through reaches the designated sleeve.

[0033] The open ring of the intelligent tag can increase the retaining force of the tag during the fracturing process to ensure that the tag can be firmly retained at the required position.

[0034] The intelligent tag is provided with a flowback channel, which on the one hand ensures reliable blowout and plug removal when sand plugging and other phenomena occur during fracturing construction, and on the other hand meets the requirement of non-milling rapid production after well soaking at the end of fracturing construction.

[0035] In the later stage of reservoir production, without means such as mechanical water finding and plugging tools and chemical water plugging operations, a coiled tubing carrying an electronic control switch tool can be used to perform repeated closing or opening control of the intelligent fracturing sleeves corresponding to pay zones without changing the formation physical properties and casing inner diameter; combined with the profile control technology, flexible control of water finding and plugging in pay zones is realized, and the operation complexity and cost are greatly reduced.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a rubber plug-equipped intelligent tag;

[0037] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rear cover;

[0038] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an expanded sealing ring;

[0039] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an opening tool;

[0040] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an extended claw;

[0041] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a guide head;

[0042] FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an open ring;

[0043] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of magnetic poles of an electromagnet and a magnet;

[0044] FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve;

[0045] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an opened sandblasting hole;

[0046] FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part A in FIG. 9;

[0047] FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a rotary sandblasting body;

[0048] FIG. 13 is a circuit schematic diagram of a rubber plug-equipped intelligent tag;

[0049] FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an opening tool;

[0050] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the first opening of each stage of openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeves;

[0051] FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of independently closing any stage of intelligent fracturing sleeve;

[0052] FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the switch control of multiple stages of intelligent fracturing sleeves in one-time operation;

[0053] FIGS. 18 and 19 are schematic diagrams of an opening tool with an additional inductive switch.

[0054] In the figures: 1-1a, guide-type central body; 1-1b, universal central body; 1-1c, guide head; 1-1d, central tube; 1-2a, external movable body; 1-2b, internal movable body; 1-3, limiting part; 1-4a, sealing ring; 1-4b, open ring; 1-4c, claw; 1-5a, first execution unit; 1-5b, electromagnet; 1-5c, magnet; 1-6, first electronic control unit; 1-7, induction device; 1-8, rear cover; 1-9, rubber plug; 1-10, fracturing ball; 1-11, inductive switch; 2-1, sleeve main body; 2-1a, guide groove; 2-2, first gland; 2-2a, second execution unit; 2-2b, second electronic control unit; 2-3, second gland; 2-4, rotary sandblaster; 2-4a, rotary sandblasting body; 2-5, upper joint; 2-6, lower joint; 2-7, inner sleeve core; 2-7a, inner core protrusion; 2-7b, slot; 2-8, retainer; 2-9, induction ring mounting sleeve; 2-10, induction ring; 3-1, serial communication circuit; 3-2, induction module; 3-3, first microcontroller; 3-4, first status display circuit; 3-5, power supply circuit; 3-6, first driver circuit; 3-7, first actuator; 5-1, industrial computer; 5-2, microcontroller; 5-3, carrier communication circuit; 5-4, carrier power supply circuit; 5-5, carrier communication cable; 6-1, carrier communication circuit; 6-2, induction unit; 6-3, second microcontroller; 6-4, second status display circuit; 6-5, carrier power supply circuit; 6-6, second driver circuit; 6-7, second actuator.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0055] Embodiment 1 of the intelligent tag: A rubber plug-equipped intelligent tag for the first opening of an openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, comprising a guide-type central body 1-1a, the right part of the guide-type central body 1-1a is a cylinder, the left part is a cone with a diameter decreasing from left to right, and a shoulder is formed between the cone and the cylinder. An external movable body 1-2a is slidably connected to the cylinder of the guide-type central body 1-1a, a sealing ring 1-4a is sleeved and attached to the cone of the guide-type central body 1-1a, an open ring 1-4b attached to the cone is fixedly connected to the left end of the sealing ring 1-4a, and the left end of the external movable body 1-2a is fixedly connected to or in fixed contact with the right end of the sealing ring 1-4a. A limiting part 1-3 is fixedly connected to the right end of the guide-type central body 1-1a, the limiting part 1-3 can be a nut threadedly connected to the right end of the cylinder, and the left end of the limiting part 1-3 abuts against the right end of the external movable body 1-2a, thereby limiting the rightward movement freedom of the external movable body 1-2a. An electronic control cavity is formed between the guide-type central body 1-1a and the rear cover 1-8, a first execution unit 1-5a located in the electronic control cavity, a first electronic control unit 1-6 for controlling the first execution unit 1-5a, and an induction device 1-7 are fixedly connected to the guide-type central body 1-1a. The first execution unit 1-5a can be an electric cylinder or an electric hydraulic cylinder, the end of a piston rod abuts against the inner end surface of the external movable body 1-2a; when the piston rod of the first execution unit 1-5a contracts according to a set stroke, the external movable body 1-2a moves leftward under the action of pressure in the casing; when the first execution unit 1-5a contracts to drive the external movable body 1-2a to move leftward, the external movable body 1-2a pushes the sealing ring 1-4a and the open ring 1-4b to move leftward along the conical surface of the guide-type central body 1-1a, and the sealing ring 1-4a and the open ring 1-4b expand. The left end of the external movable body 1-2a is threadedly connected to the rear cover 1-8, and a rubber plug 1-9 is threadedly connected to the outer circumference of the rear cover 1-8. The expanded sealing ring 1-4a and open ring 1-4b protrude out of the guide-type central body 1-1a, the external movable body 1-2a and the rear cover 1-8 in the radial direction. The rubber plug 1-9 protrudes out of the expanded sealing ring 1-4a and open ring 1-4b in the radial direction, and can contract to not protrude out of the guide-type central body 1-1a, the external movable body 1-2a and the rear cover 1-8 when subjected to radial pressure extrusion. A central liquid passing channel is formed by the conduction of the guide-type central body 1-1a, the external movable body 1-2a, the rear cover 1-8 and the limiting part 1-3; a fracturing ball 1-10 is arranged inside the rear cover 1-8, and can block the central liquid passing channel when moving rightward inside the rear cover 1-8 to abut against the right end inside the rear cover 1-8. The inner diameter of the central liquid passing channel at the left part of the rear cover 1-8 is smaller than the diameter of the fracturing ball 1-10 to prevent the fracturing ball 1-10 from detaching from the rear cover 1-8. The rear cover 1-8 can be a spliced structure composed of a left part and a right part which are threadedly connected, so that the fracturing ball 1-10 can be installed in the rear cover 1-8.

[0056] Embodiment 2 of the intelligent tag:

[0057] An opening tool for an openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 8, comprising a universal central body 1-1b, a guide head 1-1c is threadedly connected to the right end of the universal central body 1-1b, an internal movable body 1-2b is slidably connected in the guide head 1-1c and can only slide along the axis, a window is formed on the radial wall surface of the guide head 1-1c and plays a role in guiding the radial movement of a claw 1-4c, the internal movable body 1-2b forms a conical surface with a diameter decreasing from left to right, the claw 1-4c is slidably connected to the conical surface of the internal movable body 1-2b in a key-slot matching manner, the inner diameter of the claw 1-4c increases from left to right, and the claw 1-4c and the conical surface of the internal movable body 1-2b can be in surface contact for fitting sliding, so that an axial relative movement is generated between the internal movable body 1-2b and the claw 1-4c, and the internal movable body 1-2b pushes the claw 1-4c to move radially in the window.

[0058] A rear cover 1-8 is threadedly connected to the left end of the universal central body 1-1b, an electronic control cavity is formed between the universal central body 1-1b and the rear cover 1-8, a first electronic control unit 1-6 and an induction device 1-7 which are located in the electronic control cavity are fixedly connected to the universal central body 1-1b, the first electronic control unit 1-6 controls the start and close of an electromagnet 1-5b, the electromagnet 1-5b is fixedly connected to the universal central body 1-1b through structural adhesive and seals the right part of the electronic control cavity, the universal central body 1-1b is conducted with the rear cover 1-8, and a magnet 1-5c is fixedly connected to the left end of the internal movable body 1-2b through adhesive.

[0059] In this embodiment, the function of the central hole of the rear cover 1-8 communicating with the electronic control cavity is as follows: cable power supply is required when multiple openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeves are closed at the same time, and the use of a cable needs to be matched with a coiled tubing, so the central hole is sealed after being connected by a tubing.

[0060] An openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, comprising a sleeve main body 2-1, a first gland 2-2 and a second gland 2-3 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve main body 2-1 through bolts, the first gland 2-2 and the second gland 2-3 are hermetically spliced and form a sealed cavity with the sleeve main body 2-1, a second execution unit 2-2a and a second electronic control unit 2-2b for controlling the second execution unit 2-2a are arranged in the sealed cavity, a rotary sandblaster 2-4 conducted with the sleeve main body 2-1 is arranged on the second gland 2-3, a cement slow-release agent is arranged in the rotary sandblaster 2-4, an upper joint 2-5 and a lower joint 2-6 are threadedly connected to the left and right ends of the sleeve main body 2-1 respectively, an inner sleeve core 2-7 is slidably connected in the sleeve main body 2-1, a retainer 2-8 is fixedly connected to the sleeve main body 2-1, a retaining groove is formed on the outer wall of the inner sleeve core 2-7, and the retainer 2-8 is located in the retaining groove to retain the inner sleeve core 2-7. The retainer 2-8 can be a shear pin or an elastic retaining mechanism, which is matched with the retaining groove with an arc surface to realize surface contact between the retaining mechanism and the surface of the retaining groove; when the inner sleeve core 2-7 is subjected to an axial force, the elastic force of the elastic retaining mechanism is insufficient to maintain the position of the inner sleeve core 2-7, and the elastic retaining mechanism contracts to release the inner sleeve core 2-7 from the retention. An induction ring mounting sleeve 2-9 is arranged between the sleeve main body 2-1 and the upper joint 2-5, the induction ring mounting sleeve 2-9 is threadedly connected to the left end of the sleeve main body 2-1, an induction ring 2-10 is fixedly connected in the induction ring mounting sleeve 2-9, and the induction ring 2-10 is located between the upper joint 2-5 and the induction ring mounting sleeve 2-9. Two guide grooves 2-1a distributed left and right are formed on the inner wall of the sleeve main body 2-1, an inner core protrusion 2-7a is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner sleeve core 2-7, the initial position of the inner core protrusion 2-7a is in the left guide groove 2-1a to close the rotary sandblaster 2-4 at this time, a plurality of slots 2-7b are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the right end of the inner sleeve core 2-7, and the inner core protrusion 2-7a is located at the slots 2-7b in the axial direction; when the inner sleeve core 2-7 moves rightward, the inner core protrusion 2-7a forms an inclined surface with a diameter decreasing from left to right, the inner core protrusion 2-7a is in surface contact with the radial wall surface of the inner sleeve core 2-7, so the inner core protrusion 2-7a is subjected to a radial component force when pressing against the radial wall surface of the sleeve main body 2-1 in the guide groove 2-1a, the right part of the inner sleeve core 2-7 contracts radially, the slots 2-7b become smaller, and the inner core protrusion 2-7a can enter the right guide groove 2-1a from the left guide groove 2-1a. Preferably, when the inner sleeve core 2-7 is retained, the left end of the inner sleeve core 2-7 abuts against the shoulder on the inner wall of the sleeve main body 2-1.

[0061] Specifically, combined with FIG. 12, the rotary sandblaster 2-4 comprises an execution module and a rotary sandblasting body 2-4a, the execution module is used to drive the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a, and the execution module can be a motor and a reducer; preferably, a first convex key is formed on the outer wall of the motor, the first convex key of the motor is matched and fixed with a first key slot on the first gland 2-2, a second convex key is fixedly connected to the right end of the reducer, a second key slot is formed on the left end of the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a, and the second convex key is matched with the second key slot to realize transmission; the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a is coaxially arranged with the motor output shaft, so that the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a rotates around the output shaft of the motor. The second electronic control unit 2-2b sends a signal, and then the motor drives the reducer to output a rotary motion, and drives the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a to rotate to a designated position through the convex key on the end face of the reducer. The axis of the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a is parallel to the axis of the sleeve main body 2-1, so that the sandblasting holes on the wall of the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a are perpendicular to the axis of the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a. The sandblasting holes are opened and closed by the inner sleeve core 2-7.

[0062] Implementation mode for the first opening of each stage of openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeves:

[0063] The downhole string mainly comprises the 1st to Nth stages of openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeves, and the tools are connected by casings according to the reservoir fracturing positions corresponding to the construction design; after the sealing ring 1-4a and the open ring 1-4b are expanded, they are retained and blocked inside the inner sleeve core 2-7, and the first opening and fracturing operation of the sleeve are completed with the pressurization of a pump truck; the above operation is repeated, and the opening and fracturing construction of one stage of openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve is completed by dropping one set of intelligent tag, and the fracturing is carried out step by step from the toe end to the heel end until the construction of the whole well is completed.

[0064] Preferably, the rubber plug-equipped intelligent tag for the first opening of the openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve is made of a fully soluble material, and can be automatically dissolved within a certain time after the end of fracturing construction.

[0065] Further description of the working principle:

[0066] Combined with FIG. 13, the circuit of the rubber plug-equipped intelligent tag comprises a serial communication circuit 3-1, an induction module 3-2, a first microcontroller 3-3, a first status display circuit 3-4, a power supply circuit 3-5, a first driver circuit 3-6 and a first actuator 3-7, and the arrows also indicate that the features are electrically connected with each other. A ground controller 1-1 communicates with the intelligent tag through the serial communication 3-1 to query the tag status and set the target address information. The intelligent tag senses the magnetic signal of the induction ring 2-10 through the induction module 3-2 for counting, and drives the actuator 3-7 to act after reaching the target sleeve, and the actuator 3-7 is the first execution unit 1-5a.

[0067] Combined with FIG. 15, when the target sleeve for fracturing is the Nth stage sleeve, the first electronic control unit 1-6 sets the target address as "N", and the rubber plug-equipped intelligent tag is conveyed downhole through the casing; when the induction device 1-7 passes through the first intelligent fracturing sleeve and detects the magnetic signal sent by the induction ring 2-10, the count is "1"; when the rubber plug-equipped intelligent tag continues to pass through the second stage sleeve and detects the magnetic signal sent by the induction ring 2-10 in the second stage sleeve, the count is "2", and so on, the count is "N" when passing through the Nth stage sleeve. At this time, the first electronic control unit 1-6 drives the first execution unit 1-5a to act after receiving the signal; the sealing ring 1-4a and the open ring 1-4b move relative to the inclined surface of the guide-type central body 1-1a under the action of pressure, and the diameters of the sealing ring 1-4a and the open ring 1-4b are continuously expanded through the continuous increase of the outer diameter of the inclined surface to be retained and blocked inside the inner sleeve core 2-7; the inner sleeve core 2-7 is driven by ground pressurization, the shear pin is sheared because the arc surface at the end of the shear pin is stressed by the pressure, so the inner core protrusion 2-7a slides from the left guide groove 2-1a to the right guide groove 2-1a, the inner core protrusion 2-7a is converted from a state of blocking the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a to a state of exposing the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a, and the opening action of the intelligent sleeve is completed. Preferably, a central tube 1-1d and an inductive switch 1-11 can be additionally arranged on the opening tool for the openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve, the left and right ends of the central tube 1-1d can be fixedly connected to the universal central body 1-1b and the guide head 1-1c respectively, the inductive switch 1-11 is fixedly connected in the guide head 1-1c, and the central tube 1-1d passes through the electromagnet 1-5b, the magnet 1-5c and the internal movable body 1-2b, so that the inductive switch 1-11 is electrically connected to the first electronic control unit 1-6. After the protrusion of the inner sleeve core 2-7 slides out of the left guide groove 2-1a, the right end of the inner sleeve core 2-7 will radially contract, and the inductive switch 1-11 fixedly connected inside the guide head 1-1c detects the radial contraction of the inner sleeve core 2-7 at this time; when the coiled tubing is continuously dragged, the protrusion of the inner sleeve core 2-7 enters the right guide groove 2-1a, and the inner diameter of the right end of the inner sleeve core 2-7 recovers to the initial size, the inductive switch 1-11 restores to the initial state; the electronic control unit 1-6 changes the current direction of the electromagnet 1-5b after receiving the signal, thereby changing the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnet 1-5b, making the electromagnet 1-5b and the magnet 1-5c attract each other with opposite poles, retracting the claw 1-4c to the unexpanded state, completing the opening action of the intelligent sleeve, and dragging the coiled tubing to take the tool out of the well.

[0068] Implementation mode for independently closing any stage of intelligent fracturing sleeve in the later production period:

[0069] For example, a coiled tubing carries an openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve to be conveyed downhole through the casing, and an opening tool is used; combined with FIGS. 4, 5 and 16, when the target sleeve to be opened or closed is the second openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve, the first electronic control unit 1-6 of the opening tool sets the target address as "2"; the induction device 1-7 passes through the first intelligent fracturing sleeve, reaches the second intelligent fracturing sleeve and detects the magnetic signal sent by the induction ring 2-10 in the second intelligent fracturing sleeve, and the count is "2"; at this time, the first electronic control unit 1-6 rapidly changes the current direction of the electromagnet 1-5b after receiving the signal, thereby changing the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnet 1-5b, making the electromagnet 1-5b and the magnet 1-5c repel each other with the same poles to push the claw 1-4c to move radially for diameter changing, so that the claw is retained on the inner sleeve core 2-7; the inner sleeve core 2-7 is driven by dragging the coiled tubing to complete the opening or closing action of the intelligent sleeve.

[0070] For the repeated opening and closing operation of the intelligent fracturing sleeves in the later production period:

[0071] For both a single stage and multiple stages, a conventional tubing or a coiled tubing can be used, instead of the conventional rule that only a conventional tubing can be used for opening and closing the intelligent fracturing sleeve in a single stage and only a coiled tubing can be used for opening and closing the intelligent fracturing sleeves in multiple stages:

[0072] For example, the implementation mode for the switch control of multiple stages of intelligent fracturing sleeves in one-time operation:

[0073] As shown in FIG. 17, when it is necessary to open or close multi-stage sleeves during production, a conventional tubing or a coiled tubing carrying an opening tool connected by a cable is used for the opening or closing operation.

[0074] Combined with FIG. 14, the circuit of the opening tool comprises a carrier communication circuit 6-1, an induction unit 6-2, a second microcontroller 6-3, a second status display circuit 6-4, a carrier power supply circuit 6-5, a second driver circuit 6-6 and a second actuator 6-7, and the arrows also indicate that the features are electrically connected with each other. The carrier ground controller comprises an industrial computer 5-1, a microcontroller 5-2, a carrier communication circuit 5-3, a carrier power supply circuit 5-4 and a carrier communication cable 5-5. The industrial computer 5-1 communicates with the opening tool through the microcontroller 5-2, the carrier communication circuit 5-3, the carrier communication cable 5-5 and the carrier communication circuit 6-1 to query the status of the opening tool and set the target address information. The opening tool senses the magnetic signal of the induction ring 2-10 through the induction module 3-2, transmits the information to the industrial computer 5-1 when a magnetic signal is detected, and the industrial computer 5-1 issues a command to the tag to drive the first driver circuit 3-6 to drive the first actuator 3-7 to act after reaching the target intelligent fracturing sleeve.

[0075] Before the fracturing process, according to the different geological characteristics and engineering designs of different well locations, the overflow holes of the intelligent fracturing sleeve, i.e., the sandblasting holes on the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a, can be designed with different phases, different quantities and different diameters of sandblasting holes; the corresponding phases of different sandblasting holes are designed, and the included angle between the sandblasting holes and the horizontal plane is set before running-in; the rotary sandblaster rotates continuously during the running-in of the intelligent fracturing sleeve, a horizontal position detection device installed in the first gland 2-2 feeds back information to a second electronic control unit 2-2b, so that the second execution unit 2-2a drives the rotary sandblasting body 2-4a to rotate, timely adjusting the included angle with the horizontal plane to the set corresponding angle; when the intelligent fracturing sleeve is run to its designated position, the included angle between the sandblasting holes and the horizontal plane is just adjusted to the designated orientation required by the design, thereby achieving the purpose of precise fracture creation during fracturing.

Claims

1. An openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve, comprising a sleeve main body, wherein an upper joint and a lower joint are fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the sleeve main body respectively, an inner sleeve core is slidably connected in the sleeve main body, a retainer is fixedly connected to the sleeve main body, a retaining groove is formed on the outer wall of the inner sleeve core, the retainer is located in the retaining groove to retain the inner sleeve core, and the inner sleeve core can abut against the lower joint after being released from the retention;Two guide grooves distributed left and right are formed on the inner wall of the sleeve main body, an inner core protrusion is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner sleeve core, the initial position of the inner core protrusion is in the left guide groove, a plurality of slots are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the right end of the inner sleeve core, and the inner core protrusion is located at the slots in the axial direction;When the inner sleeve core moves rightward, the inner core protrusion is subjected to a radial component force when pressing against the radial wall surface of the sleeve main body in the guide groove, so the slots become smaller, the right part of the inner sleeve core contracts radially, and the inner core protrusion can enter the right guide groove from the left guide groove.

2. The openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve according to claim 1, wherein when the inner sleeve core is retained, the left end of the inner sleeve core abuts against the shoulder on the inner wall of the sleeve main body.

3. The openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve according to claim 1, wherein the retainer is a shear pin or an elastic retaining mechanism, which is matched with the retaining groove with an arc surface to realize surface contact between the retaining mechanism and the surface of the retaining groove; when the inner sleeve core is subjected to an axial force, the elastic force of the elastic retaining mechanism is insufficient to maintain the position of the inner sleeve core, and the elastic retaining mechanism contracts to release the inner sleeve core from the retention.

4. The openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve according to claim 1, wherein an induction ring mounting sleeve is arranged between the sleeve main body and the upper joint, the induction ring mounting sleeve is threadedly connected to the left end of the sleeve main body, an induction ring is fixedly connected in the induction ring mounting sleeve, and the induction ring is located between the upper joint and the induction ring mounting sleeve.

5. An intelligent tag, used in cooperation with the openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve according to claim 4, comprising a central body, a movable body and a contraction-expansion structure are slidably connected to the central body, a tail part is fixedly connected to the left part of the central body, a cavity is formed between the central body and the tail part, and a driving mechanism for controlling the axial displacement of the movable body, wherein the axial displacement of the movable body is used to push the contraction-expansion structure to expand; the central body, the movable body and the tail part are coaxially arranged, and the contraction-expansion structure can protrude out of the central body, the movable body and the tail part after being fully expanded;The intelligent tag is an opening tool, the central body comprises a universal central body and a guide head threadedly connected to the right end of the universal central body, an internal movable body serving as the movable body is slidably connected in the guide head, a window is formed on the radial wall surface of the guide head, the internal movable body forms a conical surface with a diameter decreasing from left to right, and a claw is slidably connected to the conical surface of the internal movable body;A rear cover serving as the tail part is fixedly connected to the left end of the universal central body, a first electronic control unit is fixedly connected in the universal central body, an electromagnet is fixedly connected to the right end of the universal central body, a magnet is fixedly connected to the left end of the internal movable body, and the first electronic control unit controls the start and close of the electromagnet;The intelligent tag further comprises a central tube and an inductive switch, the left and right ends of the central tube are fixedly connected to the universal central body and the guide head respectively, the inductive switch is fixedly connected in the guide head and the central tube passes through the electromagnet, the magnet and the internal movable body, and the inductive switch is electrically connected to the first electronic control unit and can detect the radial contraction of the inner sleeve core.

6. The intelligent tag according to claim 5, wherein an axial relative movement is generated between the internal movable body and the claw, so that the internal movable body pushes the claw to move radially in the window.

7. A method for implementing a precise fracture-creating intelligent fracturing sleeve system, realized by using the intelligent tag according to claim 5, wherein after the protrusion of the inner sleeve core slides out of the left guide groove, the right end of the inner sleeve core contracts radially, and the inductive switch detects the radial contraction of the inner sleeve core at this time; when the coiled tubing is continuously dragged, the protrusion of the inner sleeve core enters the right guide groove, and the inner diameter of the right end of the inner sleeve core recovers to the initial size, the inductive switch restores to the initial state; the electronic control unit changes the current direction of the electromagnet after receiving the signal, thereby changing the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnet, making the electromagnet and the magnet attract each other with opposite poles, retracting the claw to the unexpanded state, completing the opening action of the intelligent sleeve, and dragging the coiled tubing to take the opening tool out of the well.

8. The method for implementing a precise fracture-creating intelligent fracturing sleeve system according to claim 7, wherein the implementation mode of independently closing any stage of intelligent fracturing sleeve in the later production period is as follows:The coiled tubing carries the opening tool to be conveyed downhole through the casing, and the first electronic control unit changes the current direction of the electromagnet after receiving the signal, thereby changing the magnetic pole direction of the electromagnet, making the electromagnet and the magnet repel each other with the same poles to push the claw to move radially for diameter changing, so that the claw is retained in the openable and closable intelligent fracturing sleeve.

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