Athletic shoe having studs with a plurality of teeth
The stud design with teeth and grooves on the outsole addresses the issue of soil accumulation by facilitating easier release from the ground, enhancing traction and preventing weight gain, thereby improving athletic shoe performance on turf and unpaved surfaces.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- US · United States
- Patent Type
- Applications(United States)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- IDA SPORTS INC
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-30
AI Technical Summary
Conventional outsoles with cleats or spikes fail to cleanly release from natural turf, leading to soil accretion and reduced traction due to mud and grass accumulation, which weighs down the footwear and neutralizes the traction benefits.
The outsole features a plurality of studs with teeth and grooves on their outer surface, designed to disrupt soil adhesion and cohesion, allowing for easier release from the ground and reducing soil accumulation.
The stud design enhances traction by preventing soil buildup, maintaining footwear lightness, and enabling extended playtime without the need for frequent soil removal, thus improving performance on turf and unpaved surfaces.
Smart Images
Figure US20260215548A1-D00000_ABST
Abstract
Description
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 750,581 filed on Jan. 28, 2025, the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND
[0002] The present technology relates to articles of footwear used for a variety of activities on natural and artificial surfaces, including competitive sports. The outsoles of these types of footwear often are designed to provide traction under softened or slippery conditions. For instance, cleats or spikes (both integral and removable) are used to improve the level of traction provided by the outsoles of footwear designed for competitive sports played on natural turf, e.g., global football / soccer, lacrosse, American football, baseball, softball, rugby, and the like.
[0003] While these conventional means generally provide footwear with improved traction, the outsoles can fail to release cleanly from the natural turf resulting in the foot becoming fixated in the ground and the outsoles can form an accretion of mud and grass in the interstitial regions between the cleats or spikes over the course of play as a result of the planted outsole repeatedly failing to cleanly release from the natural turf surface. The accretion of such materials can weigh down the footwear and neutralize the benefit of the cleat or spike in providing enhanced traction.SUMMARY
[0004] An athletic shoe is described herein that includes an outsole and a plurality of studs extending from the outsole. Each of the plurality of studs has a base portion; a tip portion distal from the base portion; and a stud body extending between the base portion and the tip portion. The stud body defining an outer surface. Each of the studs defining a plurality of teeth extending between the base portion and the tip portion, where the plurality of teeth defining a plurality of grooves in the outer surface of the stud body, and where the plurality of teeth extends about a radial portion of the outer surface of the stud body. The radial portion extending around less than 100% of the outer surface. The plurality of grooves may each define an inner surface of the stud body, in which case, for example, each of the plurality of teeth define a radiused inner edge at the intersection of each respective tooth and the inner surface. The tip portion of each stud may have a planar surface. Alternatively, each of the studs may have a recess forming a lower surface of the tip portion.
[0005] The plurality of teeth and grooves may have varied dimensions and shapes. By way of example, the radial portion may extend around about 50% or more of the area of the outer surface. More specifically, the radial portion may extend between about 60% and 90% of the outer surface. The width of each of the plurality of grooves in examples may be between about 0.05 mm and 2.2 mm. The depth of each groove may be between about 0.01 mm to 2.0 mm. The width of each of the plurality of teeth may be between about 0.01 mm and 1.2 mm. In one embodiment, the stud body may be defined by a lower plane proximate to the tip portion; an upper plane proximate to the base portion; and a mid plane between the top plane and the bottom plane, in which case the width of each groove at the lower plane may be between about 0.05 mm and 1.4 mm, the width of each groove at the mid plane may be between about 0.08 mm and 1.8 mm, and the width of each grove at the upper plane may be between about 0.09 mm and 2.1 mm.
[0006] In another aspect, each of the studs may further include a notch formed in the tip portion. In examples, the tip portion may be defined by a center region and a perimeter, in which case the notch may extend from a point within or adjacent to the center region to a portion of the perimeter. In one example, the portion of the perimeter to which the notch extends may be axially aligned with at least a portion of the plurality of teeth. The notch may have varied dimensions and shapes. For instance, in examples the notch may have a substantially triangular shape (e.g., with an inner angle of about 80 to 120 degrees). In the same or other examples, the notch may be formed in about 20% to about 30% of the surface area of the tip portion. The notch may have a depth of between about 0.8 mm and 1.2 mm.
[0007] The studs described herein may be arranged in varied patterns on the outsole. In various embodiments, in which the outsole is divided, at least in part, into a toe region and a heel region, a first portion of the studs may be arranged in the toe region and a second portion of the studs may be arranged in the heel region. In examples, the plurality of teeth of two or more studs in the toe region may be arranged on respective portions of the outer surface of each stud that faces toward the heel portion. In the same or other examples, the toe region may be defined by a first centerline, where at least two respective pairs of studs may be arranged along a respective length on either side of the centerline and the plurality of teeth of each stud may be arranged on the outer surface that faces toward the centerline. A pair of the two or more studs in the toe region in which the plurality of teeth is arranged on the portion of the outer surface facing the heel portion may be alternatively or additionally located on the first centerline. In the same or other examples, the heel portion may be defined by a second centerline, where at least two respective pairs of studs may be arranged along a respective length on either side of the second centerline and the plurality of teeth of one stud of each pair may be arranged on the outer surface opposing the outer surface of the other stud.
[0008] In yet another aspect, the plurality of studs may further include a shoulder arranged about the base portion. In examples, the plurality of teeth may extend between the shoulder and the tip portion.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0009] FIG. 1 is a bottom view of an example athletic shoe having an outsole and a plurality of studs in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0010] FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example stud that can be used in the athletic shoe of FIG. 1.
[0011] FIG. 3 is a top view of the example stud of FIG. 2.
[0012] FIG. 4 is another top view of the example stud of FIG. 2.
[0013] FIG. 5 is a side view of the example stud of FIG. 2.
[0014] FIGS. 6-8 are radial cross-section slices of the example stud of FIG. 2 taken at each of the radial planes shown in FIG. 5.
[0015] FIG. 9 is a side cross-section view of the example stud of FIG. 2.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The present technology is directed to athletic shoes, in particular, athletic shoes having an outsole and a plurality of studs extending from the outsole, commonly referred to as cleats, where each of the plurality of studs has a base portion; a tip portion distal from the base portion; a stud body extending between the base portion and the tip portion, and the stud body defining an outer surface. In various embodiments described herein, each stud—or at least a portion of them—may include a plurality of teeth extending between the base portion and the tip portion of the stud, where the plurality of vertical teeth are formed, at least in part, by a plurality of grooves in the outer surface of the stud body, and where the plurality of teeth extends about a radial portion of the outer surface of the stud body.
[0017] Consistent with the disclosure, the outsole and plurality of studs may be formed as a unitary body, using any process known in the art. For example, the outsole and plurality of studs may be formed through injection molding using an outsole mold created using, e.g., a Computer-Aided Desing-Computer-Aided Manufacture (CAD-CAM) process, 3 or 5 axis CNC machine milling, an Electrical Discharge Machine (EDM) technology, or hand milling or engraving. The outsole and plurality of studs consistent with the disclosure may be composed of any suitable material known in the art, including synthetic plastic materials such as polyurethane, thermoplastic elastomer, or nylon, metal or natural or synthetic rubber materials.
[0018] It has been found that the studs and the athletic shoe disclosed herein can increase the ease of release of the athletic shoe from the ground and prevent or reduce the accretion of soil on the shoe outsole during wear on turf and other unpaved surfaces. As used herein, the term “soil” can include any of a variety of materials commonly present on a ground or playing surface and which might otherwise adhere to an outsole or exposed midsole of a footwear article. Soil can include inorganic materials such as mud, sand, dirt, and gravel; organic matter such as grass, turf, leaves, other vegetation, and excrement; and combinations of inorganic and organic materials such as clay.
[0019] The imparting of a plurality of teeth in the outer surface of the stud body as described herein can cause disruption in the adhesion and / or cohesion of soil and may be configured to increase the ease of release of the athletic shoe from the ground. For example, the plurality of teeth on the outer surface of the stud may not detrimentally impact the traction a player gains from the stud; but, the plurality of teeth may positively impact the speed with which the stud releases from the ground, for example, as the plurality of teeth (e.g., serration) more readily breaks the suction with the ground (e.g., especially when the ground is wet and / or waterlogged).
[0020] The outer surface of the stud body may prevent (or otherwise reduce) the soil from accumulating on the footwear outsole. Preventing soil accretion on the bottom of footwear can improve the traction on turf or other unpaved surface, can prevent the shoe from gaining weight due to accumulated soil during wear, and / or, in athletic competition, can allow the wearer extended play time without the interruption typically required to dislodge accreted soil when using a conventional shoe.
[0021] FIG. 1 illustrates an example athletic shoe 100. As shown, the athletic shoe 100 may include an outsole 102 and a plurality of studs 104a-104n extending from the outsole 102. The plurality of studs 104a-104n may be arranged on the outsole 102 in various configurations, which may be dictated, e.g., according to the competitive sport for which the athletic shoe is designed or to provide traction suited to a particular turf or turf condition. Each of the plurality of studs may be oriented in certain directions which may be based on the demands of a particular sport or a particular playing surface (e.g., such as grass, turf, etc.).
[0022] As illustrated in the example athletic shoe 100 of FIG. 1, a first subset of studs 104a-104j of the plurality studs 104a-104n may be arranged in a toe region 102a of the outsole 102. The toe region 102a may be define a portion (e.g., area) of the outsole 102 where toes of a person wearing the athletic shoe 100 would be located. The first subset of studs 104a-104j may be arrayed (e.g., pairwise) along or on either side of a first centerline 106a. The first centerline 106a may extend along a center of the toe region 102a of the outsole 102. A second subset of studs 104k-104n may be arranged in a heel region 102b of the outsole 102. The heel region 102b may define a portion (e.g., area) of the outsole 102 located proximate to where a heel of a person wearing the athletic shoe 100 would be located. The second subset of studs 104k-104n may be arrayed (e.g., pairwise) on either side of a second centerline 106b. The second centerline 106b may extend along a center of the heel region 102b of the outsole 102.
[0023] A portion of the plurality studs 104a-n may be arranged in a toe region 102a of the outsole 102. For example, the studs 104a-h may be arrayed pairwise along or on either side of the first centerline 106a. Another portion of the studs 104a-n may be arranged pairwise in the heel region 102b. For example, the studs 104k-n may be arrayed pairwise on either side of the second centerline 106b. As shown, the plurality of teeth 114 of each pair of studs 104 may be arranged such that the outer surface of stud body 112 in either the substantially same or opposite directional orientation in relation to each other and / or to another corresponding pair of studs 104, in either a substantially aligned or orthogonal orientation in relation to respective centerlines 106a / b, and / or either toward or away from the toe or heel regions 102a / b of the outsole 102. For instance, as illustrated in the example athletic shoe 100 of FIG. 1, the respective plurality of teeth 114 of stud pairs 104a, 104b, and 104c in the toe region 102a are arranged to be in substantial alignment with the first centerline 106a and are directionally oriented toward the heel region 102b; whereas the respective plurality of teeth 114 of stud pairs 104d and 104e in the toe region 102a are arranged in a substantially orthogonal orientation in relation to the first centerline 106a. And each pair of studs 104f and 104g has a respective plurality of teeth 114 in opposite directional orientations and in alignment with the second centerline 106b.
[0024] FIGS. 2-8 depict an example stud 200 (e.g., such as one of the studs 104a-104n shown in FIG. 1). The example stud 200 may be a part of an athletic shoe (e.g., such as the athletic shoe 100 shown in FIG. 1). FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the example stud 200. FIGS. 3 and 4 are respective top views of the example stud 200. FIG. 5 is a side view of the example stud 200. FIGS. 6-8 are respective radial cross-section slices of the example stud 200. FIG. 9 is a side cross-section view of the example stud 200.
[0025] The stud 200 may define a base portion 220, a tip portion 240, and a stud body 212. The base portion 220 may be configured to be proximate to an outsole (e.g., such as the outsole 102 shown in FIG. 1). The base portion 220 may define a shoulder 222 that abuts the outsole, for example, when the stud 200 is attached to the outsole. The base portion 220 (e.g., the shoulder 222) may be configured to spread pressure across the outsole. For example, the base portion 220 of each stud 200 may be configured to distribute forces to make the athletic shoe more comfortable. The base portion 220 may be molded to fit the outsole.
[0026] The tip portion 240 may be distal from the base portion 220. The tip portion 240 may define a lower surface 242. The lower surface 242 may be a bottom (e.g., bottom-most) surface of the stud 200 that is configured to make contact with a hard surface (e.g., the ground and / or the playing surface).
[0027] The tip portion 240 may define a notch 244. The notch 244 may be configured to help with traction as a wearer of the athletic shoe is moving (e.g., moving forward). For example, the notch 244 may define a lower edge 247 that is configured to engage the hard surface as the wearer of the athletic shoe is moving. The notch 244 may have a substantially triangular shape, which may extend radially outwardly from a point within or adjacent to a center region 226 of the tip portion 240 to a portion of the perimeter 228 of the tip portion. In the embodiment illustrated in the figures, the portion of the perimeter 228 to which the notch 244 extends may be axially aligned with at least a portion of a radial portion 224 of the outer surface 211 of the stud body 212 about which the plurality of teeth 214 extends. The portion of the perimeter 228 may be defined by an angle of between 80 and 120 degrees.
[0028] The notch 244 may define a first intermediate surface 243. The first intermediate surface 243 may be a first distance D1 from the lower surface 242. The first intermediate surface 243 may define a depth of the notch 244 (e.g., from the lower surface 242) such that the notch defines a depth of D1. The first distance D1 may be between about 0.5 and 1.5 mm. More specifically, the first distance D1 may be between about 0.8 and 1.2 mm. As shown, the notch 244 may define a triangular-shaped cut out in the stud 200 (e.g., the tip portion 240). It should be appreciated that the notch 244 is not limited to being triangular-shaped and instead could define alternate geometry such as rectangular, semi-circular, polygonal, and / or the like. The notch 244 may be arranged on the tip portion 240 of the stud 200 to optimize both traction (e.g., and thus the translation of planting and push-off force to motion) and the clean release of the athletic shoe from the turf (e.g., a wet playing surface).
[0029] The tip portion 240 may define a recess 246. The recess 246 may be located in a portion of the tip portion 240 that is opposite the notch 244. The recess 246 may define a second intermediate surface 245. The second intermediate surface 245 may be a second distance D2 from the lower surface 242. The second intermediate surface 245 may define a depth of the recess 246 (e.g., from the lower surface 242) such that the recess 246 may define a depth of D2.
[0030] The stud body 212 may extend between the base portion 220 and the tip portion 240. The stud body 212 may define an outer surface 211. As illustrated, both the tip portion 240 and the base portion 220 may define a substantially oval cross-section. It should be appreciated that the tip portion 240 and the base portion 220 are not limited to such geometry and the tip portion 240 and / or the base portion 220 may define alternately-shaped cross-sections (e.g., such as circular, star, square, triangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, polygonal, and semi-circular shapes, and / or the like). Moreover, the tip portion 240 and the base portion 220 may be formed of shapes different from one another.
[0031] The stud 200 may include a plurality of teeth 214 extending along the stud body 212 between the base portion 220 and the tip portion 240. The plurality of teeth 214 may extend partially (e.g., only partially) about the stud body 212. For example, the plurality of teeth 214 may extend less than 360 degrees (e.g., about less than 100% of the outer surface 211) about the stud body 212. The plurality of teeth 214 may define a plurality of grooves 216 between successive teeth 214. The grooves 216 may define an inner surface 213 of the stud body 212. Each of the plurality of teeth 214 may define a radiused inner edge at the intersection of each respective tooth 214 and the inner surface 213. Each of the plurality of teeth 214 may define an outer edge 215, which, for example, may be smooth or serrated.
[0032] The plurality of teeth 214 may extend about a radial portion 224 of the outer surface 211 of the stud body 212. For example, the outer surface 211 of the stud body 212 may define the radial portion 224 having a plurality of teeth 214 and a smooth portion 223. The radial portion 224 may be defined by a circular arc 229 between a first end 225 of the plurality of teeth 214 and a second end 227 of the plurality of teeth 214. For example, the radial portion 224 of the outer surface 211 of the stud body 212 (e.g., and the circular arc 229) may extend about 50% or more around the outer surface 211 (e.g., a circumference of a circle defined by the stud body 212). For example, the plurality of teeth 214 (e.g., and the circular arc 229) may extend around between about 50% and 95%, about 60% and 90%, about 70% and 85%, or about 75% and 80% of the outer surface 211 of the stud body 212. The plurality teeth 214, (as well as the notch) may be arranged about the radial portion 224 of the stud body 212 of the stud 200 to optimize both traction (e.g., and thus the translation of planting and push-off force to motion) and the clean release of the athletic shoe from the turf (e.g., a wet playing surface). The smooth portion 223 may be defined between the first end 225 and the second end 227, for example, in the opposite direction of the radial portion 224. For example, the smooth portion 223 may define the remaining portion of the circle that sums to 360 degrees with the radial portion 224.
[0033] The plurality of teeth 214 and / or the grooves 216 may have varying dimensions. For example, the plurality of teeth 214 and / or the grooves 216 each may have varying widths and heights / depths. Generally, the width of each of the plurality of grooves 216 may be between about 0.05 mm and 2.2 mm. The depth of each of the plurality of grooves 216 from the outer surface 211 to the midpoint of the grooves 216 may be between about 0.01 mm to 2.0 mm. The width of each of the plurality of teeth 214 may be between about 0.01 mm and 1.2 mm. And the height of each of the plurality of teeth 214 from the upper edge of the teeth 214 to the midpoint of the grooves 216 between respective teeth 214 may be between about 0.1 mm and 1.9 mm.
[0034] The width of the grooves 216 of the stud 200 may vary, both radially from one groove 216 to another as well as axially along each respective groove 216. For example, as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the width of each of the grooves 216 increases as it extends from the tip portion 240 to the base portion 220 of the stud 200. This configuration is further illustrated in FIGS. 5-8, which illustrate the stud 200 being defined by a lower plane 231 (e.g., represented by the FIG. 6 cross-section line shown in FIG. 5) through the stud body 212 adjacent the tip portion 240; an upper plane 235 (e.g., represented by the FIG. 8 cross-section line shown in FIG. 5) through the stud body 212 proximate to the base portion 220; and a mid plane 233 (e.g., represented by the FIG. 7 cross-section line shown in FIG. 5) through the stud body 212 between the lower plane 231 and the upper plane 235. In one example, the width of each of the grooves 216 at the lower plane 231 may vary between about 0.05 mm and 1.4 mm, the width of each of the grooves 216 at the mid plane 233 may vary between about 0.08 mm and 1.8 mm, and the width of each of the grooves at the upper plane 235 may vary between about 0.09 mm and 2.1 mm.
[0035] The plurality of grooves 216 may be grouped into a plurality of subsets 230, 232, and 234. The widths of the grooves 216 in each of the subsets 230, 232, 234 may vary along the height of the stud body 212. For example, the width of the grooves 216 of subset 230 at the lower plane 231 may vary between ~0.8-1.3 mm, at the mid plane 233 may vary between ~1.1-1.5 mm, and at the upper plane 235 may vary between 1.2-1.7 mm; the width of the grooves 216 of subset 232 at the lower plane 231 may vary between ~0.8-1.4 mm, at the mid plane 233 may vary between ~0.9-1.7 mm, and at the upper plane 235 may vary between ~1.0 and 2.1 mm; and the width of the grooves 216 of subset 234 at the lower plane 231 may vary between ~0.4 and 1.2 mm, at the mid plane 233 may vary between ~0.7 and 1.3 mm, and at the upper plane 235 may vary between ~0.8 and 1.4 mm. In one example, a matrix of the varying widths in mm of each groove 216 of respective subsets 230, 232, and 234 at respective lower plane 231, mid plane 233, and the upper plane 235 are set forth in Table 1.TABLE 1Lower Plane 231Mid Plane 233Upper Plane 235Subset(FIG. 6)(FIG. 7)(FIG. 8)Subset 2300.8-1.2 mm1.1-1.4 mm1.2-1.5 mm0.8-1.3 mm1.1-1.5 mm1.2-1.6 mm0.8-1.3 mm1.1-1.5 mm1.2-1.6 mm0.8-1.3 mm1.1-1.5 mm1.2-1.6 mm0.8-1.3 mm1.1-1.5 mm1.3-1.7 mm0.8-1.3 mm1.1-1.5 mm1.3-1.7 mm0.8-1.3 mm1.1-1.5 mm1.3-1.7 mm0.8-1.3 mm1.1-1.5 mm1.3-1.7 mmSubset 2321.0-1.4 mm1.2-1.6 mm1.4-1.8 mm1.0-1.4 mm1.4-1.6 mm1.7-2.1 mm0.8-1.3 mm1.2-1.7 mm1.3-1.7 mm0.8-1.3 mm1.1-1.5 mm1.2-1.6 mm0.8-1.3 mm0.9-1.3 mm1.0-1.4 mm0.8-1.3 mm0.9-1.3 mm1.0-1.4 mmSubset 2340.8-1.2 mm0.9-1.3 mm0.9-1.4 mm0.7-1.1 mm0.8-1.2 mm0.9-1.3 mm0.5-0.9 mm0.8-1.2 mm0.8-1.2 mm0.4-0.8 mm0.7-1.1 mm0.8-1.2 mm0.4-0.8 mm0.7-1.1 mm0.8-1.2 mm0.4-0.8 mm0.7-1.1 mm0.8-1.2 mm
[0036] The height of each of the plurality of teeth 214 from the outer surface 211 to the midpoint of the grooves 216 may vary as the teeth 214 extend from the tip portion 240 to the base portion 220 of the stud 200 (e.g., the stud body 212), e.g., to provide an arcuate shape for each of the teeth 214. For example, referring to FIG. 5, each of the plurality of teeth 214 at the lower plane 231 may have a height between ~. 01-0.5 mm, at the mid plane 233 between ~1.0-2.0 mm, and at the upper plane 235 may vary between ~0.1-0.3 mm.
[0037] The studs (e.g., studs 104a-n shown in FIG. 2 and / or stud 200 shown in FIGS. 2-9) described herein may be arranged in various configurations on an outsole, e.g., according to the requirements of the competitive sport for which the athletic shoe is designed or to provide traction suited to a particular turf or turf condition. As shown in FIG. 1, the plurality of teeth (e.g., such as the teeth 214 shown in FIGS. 2-9) of each pair of studs 104 may be arranged at respective radial positions (e.g., on the outer surface 211 of the stud body 212 as shown in FIGS. 2-9) in either the substantially same or opposite directional orientation in relation to each other and / or to another corresponding pair of studs 104, in either a substantially aligned or orthogonal orientation in relation to respective centerlines 106a / b, and / or either toward or away from the toe or heel regions 102a / b of the outsole 102. For instance, as illustrated in the example athletic shoe 100 of FIG. 1, the respective plurality of teeth 114 (e.g., the teeth 214 shown in FIGS. 2-9) of stud pairs 104a, 104b, and 104c in the toe region 102a may be arranged to be in substantial alignment with the first centerline 106a and / or may be directionally oriented toward the heel region 102b; whereas the respective plurality of teeth 114 of stud pairs 104d and 104e in the toe region 102a may be arranged in a substantially orthogonal orientation in relation to the first centerline 106a. Each pair of studs 104 may define a respective plurality of teeth 114 in opposite directional orientations and in alignment with the second centerline 106b.
Claims
1. An athletic shoe comprising:an outsole; anda plurality of studs extending from the outsole, each of the plurality of studs comprising:a base portion;a tip portion distal from the base portion; anda stud body extending between the base portion and the tip portion, the stud body defining an outer surface,a plurality of teeth extending between the base portion and the tip portion, the plurality of teeth defining a plurality of grooves in the outer surface of the stud body,wherein the plurality of teeth extends about a radial portion of the outer surface of the stud body, and wherein the radial portion extends around less than 100% of the outer surface.
2. The athletic shoe of claim 1, wherein the radial portion extends around about 50% or more of the outer surface.
3. The athletic shoe of claim 2, wherein the radial portion extends between about 60% and 90% of the outer surface.
4. The athletic shoe of claim 1, wherein a width of each of the plurality of grooves is between about 0.05 mm and 2.2 mm.
5. The athletic shoe of claim 4, wherein a depth of each of the plurality of grooves is between about 0.01 mm to 2.0 mm.
6. The athletic shoe of claim 4, wherein a width of each of the plurality of teeth is between about 0.01 mm and 1.2 mm.
7. The athletic shoe of claim 4, wherein the stud body is defined by a lower plane proximate to the tip portion; an upper plane proximate to the base portion; and a mid plane between the lower plane and the upper plane, and wherein the width of each of the plurality of grooves at the lower plane is between about 0.05 mm and 1.4 mm, the width of each of the plurality of grooves at the mid plane is between about 0.08 mm and 1.8 mm, and the width of each of the plurality of grooves at the upper plane is between about 0.09 mm and 2.1 mm.
8. The athletic shoe of claim 1, wherein the plurality of grooves each define an inner surface of the stud body, and wherein each of the plurality of teeth define a radiused inner edge at an intersection of each respective tooth and the inner surface.
9. The athletic shoe of claim 1, wherein each of the studs comprises a recess in a lower surface of the tip portion.
10. The athletic shoe of claim 1, wherein each of the studs further comprises a notch formed in the tip portion.
11. The athletic shoe of claim 10, wherein the tip portion is defined by a center region and a perimeter, wherein the notch extends radially outwardly from a point within or adjacent the center region to a portion of the perimeter, and wherein the portion of the perimeter to which the notch extends is axially aligned with at least a portion of the plurality of teeth.
12. The athletic shoe of claim 11, wherein the notch has a substantially triangular shape.
13. The athletic shoe of claim 12, wherein the notch is formed in about 20% to about 30% of a surface area of the tip portion.
14. The athletic shoe of claim 12, wherein the notch has a depth of between about 0.8 mm and 1.2 mm.
15. The athletic shoe of claim 12, wherein the outsole comprises a toe region and a heel region, wherein a first portion of the studs are arranged in the toe region and a second portion of the studs are arranged in the heel region.
16. The athletic shoe of claim 15, wherein the plurality of teeth of two or more studs in the toe region is arranged on respective portions of the outer surface of each stud that faces toward the heel region.
17. The athletic shoe of claim 16, wherein the toe region is defined by a first centerline, wherein at least two respective pairs of studs are arranged along a respective length on either side of the first centerline, wherein the plurality of teeth of each stud is arranged on the outer surface that faces toward the first centerline.
18. The athletic shoe of claim 17, wherein the heel region is defined by a second centerline, wherein at least two respective pairs of studs are arranged along a respective length on either side of the second centerline, wherein the plurality of teeth of one stud of each pair is arranged on the outer surface opposing the other stud.
19. The athletic shoe of claim 17, wherein a pair of the two or more studs in the toe region in which the plurality of teeth is arranged on the portion of the outer surface facing the heel region is located on the first centerline.
20. The athletic shoe of claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of studs further comprises a shoulder arranged about the base portion, wherein the plurality of teeth extends between the shoulder and the tip portion.