Helmet with internal ventilation system

Abstract

A helmet for protecting the head of a user, the helmet having a shell defining an outer surface and a central recessed portion extending along a longitudinal axis and comprising a bottom wall portion, side wall portions and a front vent opening positioned at a forward end of the central recessed portion and having a bottom edge substantially aligned with the bottom wall portion and a top edge disposed above the bottom edge; an outer liner coupled to an inner surface of the shell; an inner liner having an inner surface facing a user's head and outer surface facing an inner surface of the outer liner; a gap between inner liner and the outer surface of the outer liner; and a channel between the front vent opening and the gap.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The disclosure generally relates to a protective bicycle helmet, more particularly to a protective bicycle helmet having a central vent profile to manage aerodynamic air flow and venting for riders.BACKGROUND

[0002] A physical impact to the head of a person may cause serious injury or death. To reduce the probability of such consequences, protective gear, such as a helmet, is often used in activities that are associated with an increased level of risk for a head injury. Examples of such activities include, but are not limited to, skiing, snowboarding, bicycling, rollerblading, rock climbing, skate boarding, and motorcycling. In general, a helmet is designed to maintain its structural integrity and stay secured to the head of a user during an impact.

[0003] Accordingly, a bicycle helmet is designed to protect the cyclist's (or user's) head, including to absorb and dissipate energy during an impact with a surface, such as the ground. Bicycle helmet interiors include impact attenuating materials such as an arrangement of padding and / or foam, wherein the impact attenuating materials cover and contact a significant extent of the user's head. In this manner, the impact attenuating materials directly or intimately contact the user's head, however, this arrangement can result in undesirable heat build-up and / or retention when the helmet is worn during the sporting activity. The heat build-up and / or heat retention is exacerbated in a variety of conditions, such as when the cyclist is participating in a race or training session in a warm environment.

[0004] Some bicycle helmets seek to reduce heat retention by providing openings and channels in the helmet shell and the impact attenuating materials. The openings and channels are configured to promote air movement over portions of the user's head. Channels are provided over and around a crown area of the head, and a rear port communicating with the channels discharges air flow supplied by the front inlet through the channels while the user moves in a forward direction relative to the ground. However, the openings and channels of conventional helmets to do not provide optimal cooling of the user during rides when the user has their head positioned in optimal riding positions for aerodynamics. What is needed is a venting configuration tailored the riding positions of the user.SUMMARY

[0005] An aspect of the disclosure relates to a helmet for protecting the head of a user, the helmet having a shell defining an outer surface and a central recessed portion extending along a longitudinal axis extending from the front portion of the helmet towards the rear portion of the helmet. The central recessed portion includes a bottom wall portion, side wall portions extending from the bottom wall portion to the outer surface, and a front vent opening positioned at a forward end of the central recessed portion. The front vent opening has a lower edge substantially aligned with the bottom wall portion and a top edge disposed above the lower edge. The helmet further includes an outer liner coupled to an inner surface of the shell and defines an inner surface and an inner liner having an inner surface facing the head of the user and outer surface facing the inner surface of the outer liner. The inner surface of the inner liner and the outer surface of the outer liner define a gap therebetween. The outer liner defines a channel extending through the outer liner having a first end in communication with the front vent opening and a second end in communication with the gap.

[0006] In some embodiments, the helmet is configured to be worn in a head down position while the user is cycling. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow while the user is cycling is diverted from the bottom wall portion towards the front vent opening. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the front vent opening to the channel. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the channel to gap. In some embodiments, the helmet includes goggles positioned adjacent the gap, in which the goggles have an outer surface and an inner surface, and wherein a portion of the airflow is diverted across the outer surface of the goggles and a portion of the airflow is diverted across the inner surface of the goggles.

[0007] In some embodiments, the central recessed portion extends to the rear of the helmet. In some embodiments, a spoiler is disposed at the rear portion of the helmet. In some embodiments, a rear passage is defined by the spoiler, the bottom wall portion and the side wall portions.

[0008] Another aspect of the disclosure relates to a helmet for protecting the head of a user, the helmet having a shell defining an outer surface and a central recessed portion extending along a longitudinal axis extending from the front portion of the helmet towards the rear portion of the helmet. The central recessed portion includes a bottom wall portion defining a center raised portion and front and rear recessed portions, side wall portions extending from the bottom wall portion to the outer surface, and a front vent opening positioned at a forward end of the central recessed portion. The front vent opening has a lower edge substantially aligned with the bottom wall portion and a top edge disposed above the lower edge, the front vent opening configured to divert airflow passing over the bottom wall portion into the front vent opening, The helmet further includes an outer liner having an outer surface coupled to an inner surface of the shell and an opposite inner surface and an inner liner having an inner surface facing the head of the user and outer surface facing the inner surface of the outer liner. The inner surface of the inner liner and the outer surface of the outer liner defining a gap therebetween. The outer liner defines a channel extending from the outer surface in communication with the front vent opening to the inner surface thereof at a first end and in communication with the gap at the second end to divert airflow passing into the channel from the front vent opening to the gap.

[0009] In some embodiments, the helmet is configured to be worn in a head down position while the user is cycling. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow while the user is cycling is diverted from the bottom wall portion towards the front vent opening. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the front vent opening to the channel. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the channel to gap.

[0010] In some embodiments, the central recessed portion extends to the rear of the helmet. In some embodiments, a spoiler is disposed at the rear portion of the helmet. In some embodiments, a rear passage is defined by the spoiler, the bottom wall portion and the side wall portions.

[0011] A further aspect of the disclosure relates to a helmet for protecting the head of a user having a shell defining an outer surface and a central recessed portion extending along a longitudinal axis extending from the front portion of the helmet towards the rear portion of the helmet. The central recessed portion includes a bottom wall portion defining a center raised portion and front and rear recessed portions, side wall portions extending from the bottom wall portion to the outer surface, and a front vent opening positioned at a forward end of the central recessed portion. The front vent opening has a lower edge substantially aligned with the bottom wall portion and a top edge disposed above the lower edge, the front vent opening configured to divert airflow passing over the bottom wall portion into the front vent opening. The helmet further includes an outer liner having an outer surface coupled to an inner surface of the shell and an opposite inner surface, the outer liner defining a first front edge disposed adjacent the forehead of the user when the helmet is worn. The helmet further includes an inner liner having an inner surface facing the head of the user and outer surface facing the inner surface of the outer liner, the inner liner defining a second front edge disposed adjacent the forehead of the user when the helmet is worn. The inner surface of the inner liner and the outer surface of the outer liner define a gap therebetween, the gap defining a front outlet at the first and second front edges. The outer liner defines a channel extending from the outer surface in communication with the front vent opening to the inner surface thereof at a first end and in communication with the gap at the second end to divert airflow passing into the channel from the front vent opening to the gap and exiting the gap at the front outlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the helmet is configured to be worn in a head down position while the user is cycling. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow while the user is cycling is diverted from the bottom wall portion towards the front vent opening. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the front vent opening to the channel. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the channel to gap.

[0013] In some embodiments, the central recessed portion extends to the rear of the helmet. In some embodiments, a spoiler is disposed at the rear portion of the helmet. In some embodiments, a rear passage is defined by the spoiler, the bottom wall portion and the side wall portions.

[0014] The foregoing and other aspects, features, and advantages will be apparent to those artisans of ordinary skill in the art from the detailed description and drawings, and from the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] To understand the present disclosure, it will now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] FIG. 1 is an upper isometric view of bicycle helmet.

[0017] FIG. 2 is an isometric top view of the helmet of FIG. 1 inclined forward.

[0018] FIG. 3 is a top view of the helmet of FIG. 1.

[0019] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the helmet taken through line 4-4 of FIG. 2

[0020] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the helmet taken through line 5-5 of FIG. 2

[0021] FIG. 5A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the helmet shown in FIG. 5

[0022] FIG. 6 is a simplified schematic view illustrating the flow over the helmet in a head down position.

[0023] FIG. 7 is a simplified schematic view illustrating the flow over the helmet in a head up position.

[0024] While the present disclosure will be described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown herein, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents, as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] While this disclosure is susceptible of embodiments in many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described in detail preferred embodiments of the invention with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the broad aspect of the invention to the embodiments illustrated.

[0026] The inventors are also aware of the normal precepts of English grammar. Thus, if a noun, term, or phrase is intended to be further characterized, specified, or narrowed in some way, such noun, term, or phrase will expressly include additional adjectives, descriptive terms, or other modifiers in accordance with the normal precepts of English grammar. Absent the use of such adjectives, descriptive terms, or modifiers, it is the intent that such nouns, terms, or phrases be given their plain, and ordinary English meaning to those skilled in the applicable arts as set forth above.

[0027] In the Figures, the inventive bicycle helmet 10 is shown. The helmet 10 is secured to the head a of a user or cyclist by a chinstrap assembly not shown. As discussed further below, when the cyclist pedals the bicycle and travels in a forward direction, air flows through the helmet 10 and over the user's head, thereby cooling the user's head.

[0028] Throughout the description, the “longitudinal axis” can be understood in context and typically refers to the axis extending from the front portion of the helmet to the rear portion of the helmet. The term “upper” can be understood in context and typically refers to the direction disposed away from the user's head, and the term “lower” can be understood in context and typically refers to the direction disposed closest to the user's head. Similarly, the term “outer” can be understood in context and typically refers to the direction disposed away from the user's head, and the term “inner” can be understood in context and typically refers to the direction disposed closest to the user's head.

[0029] Referring to FIGS. 1-5A, an embodiment of the helmet 10 in accordance with the present disclosure is shown and includes a relatively hard, impact-resistant outer shell 12, an energy dissipating liner 14, a chinstrap assembly (not shown) for securing the helmet 10 to the user's head, and an adjustment mechanism 22 for adjusting the fit of the helmet 10 on the user's head. In some embodiments the shell 12 comprises a hard plastic material, such as polycarbonate. In other embodiments, the shell 12 may also or alternatively comprise KEVLAR, ABS plastic, carbon fiber, fiberglass, and the like. In some embodiments, the liner 14 comprises expanded polystyrene (EPS), expanded polypropylene (EPP), expanded polyolefin (EPO), or other energy management or energy absorbing materials. The chinstrap assembly includes connectable segments attached to one or both of the shell 12 and the liner 14 for securing the helmet 10 to the user's head, as generally known in the art. The helmet 10 includes a frontal portion 16 that overlies the user's forehead, a top or crown portion 18 that overlies the crown region of the user's head, and a rear portion 20 that overlies at least the user's occipital region.

[0030] As illustrated in FIGS. 4-5A, the liner 14 includes an outer liner portion 50 having an outer surface adjacent to the outer shell 12. In some embodiments, the outer surface of the outer liner portion 50 is secured to the inner surface of the outer shell 12 by an adhesive or other techniques known in the art. An inner liner portion 52 is disposed inside the outer liner portion 50. The outer surface of the inner liner portion 50 is disposed adjacent the inner surface of the outer liner portion 50, and an opposite inner surface of the inner liner portion faces the head of the user. A gap 62 is defined between the inner surface of the outer liner portion 50 and the outer surface of the inner liner portion 52. The inner liner portion 52 is relatively slidable with respect to the outer liner portion 50. The relative movement between the outer liner portion 50 and the inner liner portion 52 provides additional protection to the user in the case of oblique impacts. Further details regarding the movable arrangement of the inner and outer liner portion 50 / 52 is provided in U.S. Pat. Nos. 10,271,603; 10,010,126 and 11,304,470, each of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. At the frontal portion 16 of the helmet 10, a front edge 76 of the outer liner 50 and a front edge 78 of the inner liner 52 is disposed adjacent the forehead of a user when the helmet is worn. The gap 62 terminates in an outlet 64 at the front edges 76 and 78 positioned over the forehead of the user when the helmet is worn.

[0031] In the illustrated embodiment, the helmet 10 includes a recessed central vent 24 provided in the outer shell 12 that manages aerodynamic flow over the outer shell 12 of the helmet 10 and venting through the liner 14. The central vent 24 is aligned along the longitudinal axis L extending from the frontal portion 16 to the rear portion 20 of the helmet 10. The central vent 24 includes a bottom wall portion 26 and a pair of side wall portions 28 and 30 extending upwardly from the bottom wall portion 26 to the main outer surface of the outer shell 12. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 taken along the sagittal plane, the bottom wall portion 26 has a curved profile with a raised center portion 32 and recessed front and rear portions 34 and 36. The bottom wall 26 of the central vent 24 defines a width W that extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis L from side wall portion 28 to side wall portion 30. (See FIG. 3.) In some embodiments, the width W varies from a largest dimension at the central portion 32 to smaller dimensions at the frontal portion 34 and rear portion 36. In some embodiments, the width W is substantially uniform from the frontal portion 34 to the rear portion 36 of the helmet 10.

[0032] As illustrated in FIGS. 1-5, frontal vent opening 40 is defined at the front portion 16 of the helmet 10, typically disposed a distance D from the front edge 38 of the helmet. In some embodiments, the distance D is selected in order to position the vent opening 40 at a location to optimize the attached airflow over the bottom wall portion 26 of the vent 24 from the center portion 32 into channel 46 when the cyclist is in the “head down” position, as described herein. In some embodiments, the distance D is about 67 mm, e.g., 66.786 mm. The front vent opening 40 is disposed at the front portion 34 of the bottom wall portion 26. In some embodiments, the frontal vent opening 40 extends across the full width W of the central vent 24 at the frontal portion 30. The vent opening 40 has an upper edge portion 42 defined by the outer shell 12 and a lower edge portion 44 that is substantially aligned with the frontal portion 34 of the bottom wall portion 26. In some embodiments, the lower edge portion is integral with the frontal portion 34 of the bottom wall portion 26. The frontal vent portion 40 is in communication with a front channel 46 extending through the upper liner portion 50 from the outer shell 12 downward towards the gap 62. As illustrated in the sagittal cross section of FIGS. 4-5, the upper edge portion 42 is located above the lower edge portion 44.

[0033] FIGS. 6 and 7 are images displaying airflow over the helmet. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the Total Coefficient of Pressure (CpT), generated by the helmet 10 is shown for the helmet 10 moving at 31 miles per hour. FIG. 6 illustrates the CpT generated by the helmet in a “head down” position. The “head down” position is understood as angled downward and forward from the vertical position by about 60 degrees from vertical, or in a range of about 45 degrees to 75 degrees from vertical. FIG. 7 illustrates the CpT generated by the helmet in a “head up” position. Significantly, the head down position is the optimal head position for the user during high speed cycling. As shown in FIG. 6, high pressure areas denoted by HP are indicative of attached air on the surface of the helmet 10, i.e., more aerodynamically efficient. In particular, high pressure HP air impinges on the bottom wall 26 of the central vent portion 24. As illustrated in FIG. 6, air striking the helmet forward of center portion 32 remains attached and is diverted towards the front portion of the helmet. Conversely, air striking the helmet rearward of center portion 32 remains attached and is diverted towards the rear portion of the helmet. With continued reference to FIGS. 4-5, airflow along the bottom wall portion 26 passes towards the front portion of the helmet and into the vent opening 40. As shown in greater detail in FIG. 5A, the airflow engages the upper edge portion 42 and is diverted into the front channel 46 towards inner liner portion 52 as indicated by arrow A. The airflow passes through the front channel 46 and some airflow passes through the gap 62 between the inner liner portion 52 and outer liner portion 54 and exits at the outlet 64 adjacent to the forehead of the user, as indicated by arrow B. With continued reference to FIG. 6, a low pressure region LP is defined where the airflow exists outlet 64 and passes over the forehead of the user providing cooling. Another portion of the airflow passing through the front channel 46 passes through a vent 60 in the inner liner portion 52 to the head of the user, as indicated by arrow C. In some embodiments, goggles 100 are positioned at the outlet 64 such that air can channel over both sides of the lens 102. Arrow E depicts laminar flow on the exterior or outer surface of the lens 102, and arrow F provides an anti-fog air flow on the inner surface of the lens 102.

[0034] FIG. 7, which illustrates the helmet 10 in the heads up position, does not show the airflow impinging on the vent portion ahead of the center portion 32 being diverted towards the front of the helmet. Accordingly, there is no flow of air passing through the vent opening 40, through the front channel 46 and the gap 62 to provide a low pressure region near the forehead of the user.

[0035] Helmet 10 includes vents 66, 68, 70, 72 and 74 that extend through outer shell 12 and provide ventilation to the user's head. The flow through vents 66, 68, 70, 72 and 74 generally flows in the direction of movement of the helmet 10 through the air while the user pedals forward. Accordingly, the flow through vents 66, 68, 70,72 and 74 flow in the generally longitudinal direction L from the front portion 16 toward the rear portion 20.

[0036] As shown in FIGS. 1-5 a spoiler 54 is a panel disposed at the rear portion 20 of the helmet 10. Spoiler 54 is disposed over the central vent portion 24. In some embodiments, the spoiler 54 is integrated into the outer shell 12. The side wall portions 28 and 30 support the spoiler 54, which includes the forward edge 56 and rear edge 58. The airflow passing rearwardly over the bottom wall portion 26 and pass through an opening defined by the bottom wall 26, side walls 28 and 30 and the spoiler 54, as indicated by arrow D in FIG. 5.

[0037] A function of the spoiler 54 is to manage airflow while riding, e.g., to reduce drag and enhance stability. Spoiler 54 directs the airflow over and around the rider's head more efficiently. This helps reduce wind resistance and the buffeting effect that can make high-speed riding uncomfortable. By reducing drag, spoiler 54 can help stabilize the user's head during fast riding, preventing neck strain and allowing the user to maintain a more comfortable and natural posture. This stability is especially important in racing environments, where every fraction of a second counts. By improving the balance of the helmet and reducing drag, the spoiler 54 can make the user's head more stable at high speeds. This means less strain on the neck and shoulders, reducing the risk of fatigue on long rides.

[0038] The helmet 10 of FIGS. 1-5 is referred to in the cycling field as a “road” helmet and is designed for general use during recreational and certain types of competitive cycling. It should be appreciated that the inventive concepts and teachings discussed herein are equally applicable to other types of bicycle helmets. As understood by those in the art, a sprinter helmet is designed to be more aerodynamic than the illustrated road helmet 10, and as such has a more smoothly contoured outer shell 12 and fewer ventilation openings 66, 68, 70,72 and 74. The sprinter helmet includes the central vent portion 24, front vent opening 40, and channel 46. As also understood by those in the art, an aero helmet is designed to be even more aerodynamic, having a substantially streamlined shape that resembles a “tear-drop” configuration. Aero helmets are also configured to have as few ventilation openings 66, 68, 70,72 and 74 as possible, and in many cases have no ventilation openings beyond the central vent portion 24, front vent opening 40, and channel 46. As those skilled in the art will come to appreciate, the benefits and advantages associated with the inventive concepts and teachings discussed herein may become more apparent to the user as the number of ventilation openings 66, 68, 70,72 and 74 in the helmet 10 decrease.

[0039] Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the disclosure.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0025]While this disclosure is susceptible of embodiments in many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described in detail preferred embodiments of the invention with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the broad aspect of the invention to the embodiments illustrated.

[0026]The inventors are also aware of the normal precepts of English grammar. Thus, if a noun, term, or phrase is intended to be further characterized, specified, or narrowed in some way, such noun, term, or phrase will expressly include additional adjectives, descriptive terms, or other modifiers in accordance with the normal precepts of English grammar. Absent the use of such adjectives, descriptive terms, or modifiers, it is the intent that such nouns, terms, or phrases be given their plain, and ordinary English meaning to those skilled in the applicable arts as set forth a...

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The disclosure generally relates to a protective bicycle helmet, more particularly to a protective bicycle helmet having a central vent profile to manage aerodynamic air flow and venting for riders.BACKGROUND

[0002] A physical impact to the head of a person may cause serious injury or death. To reduce the probability of such consequences, protective gear, such as a helmet, is often used in activities that are associated with an increased level of risk for a head injury. Examples of such activities include, but are not limited to, skiing, snowboarding, bicycling, rollerblading, rock climbing, skate boarding, and motorcycling. In general, a helmet is designed to maintain its structural integrity and stay secured to the head of a user during an impact.

[0003] Accordingly, a bicycle helmet is designed to protect the cyclist's (or user's) head, including to absorb and dissipate energy during an impact with a surface, such as the ground. Bicycle helmet interiors include impact attenuating materials such as an arrangement of padding and / or foam, wherein the impact attenuating materials cover and contact a significant extent of the user's head. In this manner, the impact attenuating materials directly or intimately contact the user's head, however, this arrangement can result in undesirable heat build-up and / or retention when the helmet is worn during the sporting activity. The heat build-up and / or heat retention is exacerbated in a variety of conditions, such as when the cyclist is participating in a race or training session in a warm environment.

[0004] Some bicycle helmets seek to reduce heat retention by providing openings and channels in the helmet shell and the impact attenuating materials. The openings and channels are configured to promote air movement over portions of the user's head. Channels are provided over and around a crown area of the head, and a rear port communicating with the channels discharges air flow supplied by the front inlet through the channels while the user moves in a forward direction relative to the ground. However, the openings and channels of conventional helmets to do not provide optimal cooling of the user during rides when the user has their head positioned in optimal riding positions for aerodynamics. What is needed is a venting configuration tailored the riding positions of the user.SUMMARY

[0005] An aspect of the disclosure relates to a helmet for protecting the head of a user, the helmet having a shell defining an outer surface and a central recessed portion extending along a longitudinal axis extending from the front portion of the helmet towards the rear portion of the helmet. The central recessed portion includes a bottom wall portion, side wall portions extending from the bottom wall portion to the outer surface, and a front vent opening positioned at a forward end of the central recessed portion. The front vent opening has a lower edge substantially aligned with the bottom wall portion and a top edge disposed above the lower edge. The helmet further includes an outer liner coupled to an inner surface of the shell and defines an inner surface and an inner liner having an inner surface facing the head of the user and outer surface facing the inner surface of the outer liner. The inner surface of the inner liner and the outer surface of the outer liner define a gap therebetween. The outer liner defines a channel extending through the outer liner having a first end in communication with the front vent opening and a second end in communication with the gap.

[0006] In some embodiments, the helmet is configured to be worn in a head down position while the user is cycling. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow while the user is cycling is diverted from the bottom wall portion towards the front vent opening. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the front vent opening to the channel. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the channel to gap. In some embodiments, the helmet includes goggles positioned adjacent the gap, in which the goggles have an outer surface and an inner surface, and wherein a portion of the airflow is diverted across the outer surface of the goggles and a portion of the airflow is diverted across the inner surface of the goggles.

[0007] In some embodiments, the central recessed portion extends to the rear of the helmet. In some embodiments, a spoiler is disposed at the rear portion of the helmet. In some embodiments, a rear passage is defined by the spoiler, the bottom wall portion and the side wall portions.

[0008] Another aspect of the disclosure relates to a helmet for protecting the head of a user, the helmet having a shell defining an outer surface and a central recessed portion extending along a longitudinal axis extending from the front portion of the helmet towards the rear portion of the helmet. The central recessed portion includes a bottom wall portion defining a center raised portion and front and rear recessed portions, side wall portions extending from the bottom wall portion to the outer surface, and a front vent opening positioned at a forward end of the central recessed portion. The front vent opening has a lower edge substantially aligned with the bottom wall portion and a top edge disposed above the lower edge, the front vent opening configured to divert airflow passing over the bottom wall portion into the front vent opening, The helmet further includes an outer liner having an outer surface coupled to an inner surface of the shell and an opposite inner surface and an inner liner having an inner surface facing the head of the user and outer surface facing the inner surface of the outer liner. The inner surface of the inner liner and the outer surface of the outer liner defining a gap therebetween. The outer liner defines a channel extending from the outer surface in communication with the front vent opening to the inner surface thereof at a first end and in communication with the gap at the second end to divert airflow passing into the channel from the front vent opening to the gap.

[0009] In some embodiments, the helmet is configured to be worn in a head down position while the user is cycling. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow while the user is cycling is diverted from the bottom wall portion towards the front vent opening. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the front vent opening to the channel. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the channel to gap.

[0010] In some embodiments, the central recessed portion extends to the rear of the helmet. In some embodiments, a spoiler is disposed at the rear portion of the helmet. In some embodiments, a rear passage is defined by the spoiler, the bottom wall portion and the side wall portions.

[0011] A further aspect of the disclosure relates to a helmet for protecting the head of a user having a shell defining an outer surface and a central recessed portion extending along a longitudinal axis extending from the front portion of the helmet towards the rear portion of the helmet. The central recessed portion includes a bottom wall portion defining a center raised portion and front and rear recessed portions, side wall portions extending from the bottom wall portion to the outer surface, and a front vent opening positioned at a forward end of the central recessed portion. The front vent opening has a lower edge substantially aligned with the bottom wall portion and a top edge disposed above the lower edge, the front vent opening configured to divert airflow passing over the bottom wall portion into the front vent opening. The helmet further includes an outer liner having an outer surface coupled to an inner surface of the shell and an opposite inner surface, the outer liner defining a first front edge disposed adjacent the forehead of the user when the helmet is worn. The helmet further includes an inner liner having an inner surface facing the head of the user and outer surface facing the inner surface of the outer liner, the inner liner defining a second front edge disposed adjacent the forehead of the user when the helmet is worn. The inner surface of the inner liner and the outer surface of the outer liner define a gap therebetween, the gap defining a front outlet at the first and second front edges. The outer liner defines a channel extending from the outer surface in communication with the front vent opening to the inner surface thereof at a first end and in communication with the gap at the second end to divert airflow passing into the channel from the front vent opening to the gap and exiting the gap at the front outlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the helmet is configured to be worn in a head down position while the user is cycling. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow while the user is cycling is diverted from the bottom wall portion towards the front vent opening. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the front vent opening to the channel. In some embodiments, a portion of the airflow is diverted from the channel to gap.

[0013] In some embodiments, the central recessed portion extends to the rear of the helmet. In some embodiments, a spoiler is disposed at the rear portion of the helmet. In some embodiments, a rear passage is defined by the spoiler, the bottom wall portion and the side wall portions.

[0014] The foregoing and other aspects, features, and advantages will be apparent to those artisans of ordinary skill in the art from the detailed description and drawings, and from the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] To understand the present disclosure, it will now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] FIG. 1 is an upper isometric view of bicycle helmet.

[0017] FIG. 2 is an isometric top view of the helmet of FIG. 1 inclined forward.

[0018] FIG. 3 is a top view of the helmet of FIG. 1.

[0019] FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the helmet taken through line 4-4 of FIG. 2

[0020] FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the helmet taken through line 5-5 of FIG. 2

[0021] FIG. 5A is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the helmet shown in FIG. 5

[0022] FIG. 6 is a simplified schematic view illustrating the flow over the helmet in a head down position.

[0023] FIG. 7 is a simplified schematic view illustrating the flow over the helmet in a head up position.

[0024] While the present disclosure will be described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown herein, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents, as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] While this disclosure is susceptible of embodiments in many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described in detail preferred embodiments of the invention with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the broad aspect of the invention to the embodiments illustrated.

[0026] The inventors are also aware of the normal precepts of English grammar. Thus, if a noun, term, or phrase is intended to be further characterized, specified, or narrowed in some way, such noun, term, or phrase will expressly include additional adjectives, descriptive terms, or other modifiers in accordance with the normal precepts of English grammar. Absent the use of such adjectives, descriptive terms, or modifiers, it is the intent that such nouns, terms, or phrases be given their plain, and ordinary English meaning to those skilled in the applicable arts as set forth above.

[0027] In the Figures, the inventive bicycle helmet 10 is shown. The helmet 10 is secured to the head a of a user or cyclist by a chinstrap assembly not shown. As discussed further below, when the cyclist pedals the bicycle and travels in a forward direction, air flows through the helmet 10 and over the user's head, thereby cooling the user's head.

[0028] Throughout the description, the “longitudinal axis” can be understood in context and typically refers to the axis extending from the front portion of the helmet to the rear portion of the helmet. The term “upper” can be understood in context and typically refers to the direction disposed away from the user's head, and the term “lower” can be understood in context and typically refers to the direction disposed closest to the user's head. Similarly, the term “outer” can be understood in context and typically refers to the direction disposed away from the user's head, and the term “inner” can be understood in context and typically refers to the direction disposed closest to the user's head.

[0029] Referring to FIGS. 1-5A, an embodiment of the helmet 10 in accordance with the present disclosure is shown and includes a relatively hard, impact-resistant outer shell 12, an energy dissipating liner 14, a chinstrap assembly (not shown) for securing the helmet 10 to the user's head, and an adjustment mechanism 22 for adjusting the fit of the helmet 10 on the user's head. In some embodiments the shell 12 comprises a hard plastic material, such as polycarbonate. In other embodiments, the shell 12 may also or alternatively comprise KEVLAR, ABS plastic, carbon fiber, fiberglass, and the like. In some embodiments, the liner 14 comprises expanded polystyrene (EPS), expanded polypropylene (EPP), expanded polyolefin (EPO), or other energy management or energy absorbing materials. The chinstrap assembly includes connectable segments attached to one or both of the shell 12 and the liner 14 for securing the helmet 10 to the user's head, as generally known in the art. The helmet 10 includes a frontal portion 16 that overlies the user's forehead, a top or crown portion 18 that overlies the crown region of the user's head, and a rear portion 20 that overlies at least the user's occipital region.

[0030] As illustrated in FIGS. 4-5A, the liner 14 includes an outer liner portion 50 having an outer surface adjacent to the outer shell 12. In some embodiments, the outer surface of the outer liner portion 50 is secured to the inner surface of the outer shell 12 by an adhesive or other techniques known in the art. An inner liner portion 52 is disposed inside the outer liner portion 50. The outer surface of the inner liner portion 50 is disposed adjacent the inner surface of the outer liner portion 50, and an opposite inner surface of the inner liner portion faces the head of the user. A gap 62 is defined between the inner surface of the outer liner portion 50 and the outer surface of the inner liner portion 52. The inner liner portion 52 is relatively slidable with respect to the outer liner portion 50. The relative movement between the outer liner portion 50 and the inner liner portion 52 provides additional protection to the user in the case of oblique impacts. Further details regarding the movable arrangement of the inner and outer liner portion 50 / 52 is provided in U.S. Pat. Nos. 10,271,603; 10,010,126 and 11,304,470, each of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein. At the frontal portion 16 of the helmet 10, a front edge 76 of the outer liner 50 and a front edge 78 of the inner liner 52 is disposed adjacent the forehead of a user when the helmet is worn. The gap 62 terminates in an outlet 64 at the front edges 76 and 78 positioned over the forehead of the user when the helmet is worn.

[0031] In the illustrated embodiment, the helmet 10 includes a recessed central vent 24 provided in the outer shell 12 that manages aerodynamic flow over the outer shell 12 of the helmet 10 and venting through the liner 14. The central vent 24 is aligned along the longitudinal axis L extending from the frontal portion 16 to the rear portion 20 of the helmet 10. The central vent 24 includes a bottom wall portion 26 and a pair of side wall portions 28 and 30 extending upwardly from the bottom wall portion 26 to the main outer surface of the outer shell 12. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 taken along the sagittal plane, the bottom wall portion 26 has a curved profile with a raised center portion 32 and recessed front and rear portions 34 and 36. The bottom wall 26 of the central vent 24 defines a width W that extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis L from side wall portion 28 to side wall portion 30. (See FIG. 3.) In some embodiments, the width W varies from a largest dimension at the central portion 32 to smaller dimensions at the frontal portion 34 and rear portion 36. In some embodiments, the width W is substantially uniform from the frontal portion 34 to the rear portion 36 of the helmet 10.

[0032] As illustrated in FIGS. 1-5, frontal vent opening 40 is defined at the front portion 16 of the helmet 10, typically disposed a distance D from the front edge 38 of the helmet. In some embodiments, the distance D is selected in order to position the vent opening 40 at a location to optimize the attached airflow over the bottom wall portion 26 of the vent 24 from the center portion 32 into channel 46 when the cyclist is in the “head down” position, as described herein. In some embodiments, the distance D is about 67 mm, e.g., 66.786 mm. The front vent opening 40 is disposed at the front portion 34 of the bottom wall portion 26. In some embodiments, the frontal vent opening 40 extends across the full width W of the central vent 24 at the frontal portion 30. The vent opening 40 has an upper edge portion 42 defined by the outer shell 12 and a lower edge portion 44 that is substantially aligned with the frontal portion 34 of the bottom wall portion 26. In some embodiments, the lower edge portion is integral with the frontal portion 34 of the bottom wall portion 26. The frontal vent portion 40 is in communication with a front channel 46 extending through the upper liner portion 50 from the outer shell 12 downward towards the gap 62. As illustrated in the sagittal cross section of FIGS. 4-5, the upper edge portion 42 is located above the lower edge portion 44.

[0033] FIGS. 6 and 7 are images displaying airflow over the helmet. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the Total Coefficient of Pressure (CpT), generated by the helmet 10 is shown for the helmet 10 moving at 31 miles per hour. FIG. 6 illustrates the CpT generated by the helmet in a “head down” position. The “head down” position is understood as angled downward and forward from the vertical position by about 60 degrees from vertical, or in a range of about 45 degrees to 75 degrees from vertical. FIG. 7 illustrates the CpT generated by the helmet in a “head up” position. Significantly, the head down position is the optimal head position for the user during high speed cycling. As shown in FIG. 6, high pressure areas denoted by HP are indicative of attached air on the surface of the helmet 10, i.e., more aerodynamically efficient. In particular, high pressure HP air impinges on the bottom wall 26 of the central vent portion 24. As illustrated in FIG. 6, air striking the helmet forward of center portion 32 remains attached and is diverted towards the front portion of the helmet. Conversely, air striking the helmet rearward of center portion 32 remains attached and is diverted towards the rear portion of the helmet. With continued reference to FIGS. 4-5, airflow along the bottom wall portion 26 passes towards the front portion of the helmet and into the vent opening 40. As shown in greater detail in FIG. 5A, the airflow engages the upper edge portion 42 and is diverted into the front channel 46 towards inner liner portion 52 as indicated by arrow A. The airflow passes through the front channel 46 and some airflow passes through the gap 62 between the inner liner portion 52 and outer liner portion 54 and exits at the outlet 64 adjacent to the forehead of the user, as indicated by arrow B. With continued reference to FIG. 6, a low pressure region LP is defined where the airflow exists outlet 64 and passes over the forehead of the user providing cooling. Another portion of the airflow passing through the front channel 46 passes through a vent 60 in the inner liner portion 52 to the head of the user, as indicated by arrow C. In some embodiments, goggles 100 are positioned at the outlet 64 such that air can channel over both sides of the lens 102. Arrow E depicts laminar flow on the exterior or outer surface of the lens 102, and arrow F provides an anti-fog air flow on the inner surface of the lens 102.

[0034] FIG. 7, which illustrates the helmet 10 in the heads up position, does not show the airflow impinging on the vent portion ahead of the center portion 32 being diverted towards the front of the helmet. Accordingly, there is no flow of air passing through the vent opening 40, through the front channel 46 and the gap 62 to provide a low pressure region near the forehead of the user.

[0035] Helmet 10 includes vents 66, 68, 70, 72 and 74 that extend through outer shell 12 and provide ventilation to the user's head. The flow through vents 66, 68, 70, 72 and 74 generally flows in the direction of movement of the helmet 10 through the air while the user pedals forward. Accordingly, the flow through vents 66, 68, 70,72 and 74 flow in the generally longitudinal direction L from the front portion 16 toward the rear portion 20.

[0036] As shown in FIGS. 1-5 a spoiler 54 is a panel disposed at the rear portion 20 of the helmet 10. Spoiler 54 is disposed over the central vent portion 24. In some embodiments, the spoiler 54 is integrated into the outer shell 12. The side wall portions 28 and 30 support the spoiler 54, which includes the forward edge 56 and rear edge 58. The airflow passing rearwardly over the bottom wall portion 26 and pass through an opening defined by the bottom wall 26, side walls 28 and 30 and the spoiler 54, as indicated by arrow D in FIG. 5.

[0037] A function of the spoiler 54 is to manage airflow while riding, e.g., to reduce drag and enhance stability. Spoiler 54 directs the airflow over and around the rider's head more efficiently. This helps reduce wind resistance and the buffeting effect that can make high-speed riding uncomfortable. By reducing drag, spoiler 54 can help stabilize the user's head during fast riding, preventing neck strain and allowing the user to maintain a more comfortable and natural posture. This stability is especially important in racing environments, where every fraction of a second counts. By improving the balance of the helmet and reducing drag, the spoiler 54 can make the user's head more stable at high speeds. This means less strain on the neck and shoulders, reducing the risk of fatigue on long rides.

[0038] The helmet 10 of FIGS. 1-5 is referred to in the cycling field as a “road” helmet and is designed for general use during recreational and certain types of competitive cycling. It should be appreciated that the inventive concepts and teachings discussed herein are equally applicable to other types of bicycle helmets. As understood by those in the art, a sprinter helmet is designed to be more aerodynamic than the illustrated road helmet 10, and as such has a more smoothly contoured outer shell 12 and fewer ventilation openings 66, 68, 70,72 and 74. The sprinter helmet includes the central vent portion 24, front vent opening 40, and channel 46. As also understood by those in the art, an aero helmet is designed to be even more aerodynamic, having a substantially streamlined shape that resembles a “tear-drop” configuration. Aero helmets are also configured to have as few ventilation openings 66, 68, 70,72 and 74 as possible, and in many cases have no ventilation openings beyond the central vent portion 24, front vent opening 40, and channel 46. As those skilled in the art will come to appreciate, the benefits and advantages associated with the inventive concepts and teachings discussed herein may become more apparent to the user as the number of ventilation openings 66, 68, 70,72 and 74 in the helmet 10 decrease.

[0039] Therefore, the foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the invention to the exact construction and operation shown and described, and accordingly, all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the disclosure.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0025]While this disclosure is susceptible of embodiments in many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described in detail preferred embodiments of the invention with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the broad aspect of the invention to the embodiments illustrated.

[0026]The inventors are also aware of the normal precepts of English grammar. Thus, if a noun, term, or phrase is intended to be further characterized, specified, or narrowed in some way, such noun, term, or phrase will expressly include additional adjectives, descriptive terms, or other modifiers in accordance with the normal precepts of English grammar. Absent the use of such adjectives, descriptive terms, or modifiers, it is the intent that such nouns, terms, or phrases be given their plain, and ordinary English meaning to those skilled in the applicable arts as set forth a...

Claims

1. A helmet for protecting the head of a user, the helmet comprising:a shell defining an outer surface and a central recessed portion extending along a longitudinal axis extending from a front portion of the helmet towards a rear portion of the helmet, the central recessed portion comprisinga bottom wall portion,side wall portions extending from the bottom wall portion to the outer surface, anda front vent opening positioned at a forward end of the central recessed portion, the front vent opening having a bottom edge substantially aligned with the bottom wall portion and a top edge disposed above the bottom edge;an outer liner coupled to an inner surface of the shell and defining an inner surface; andan inner liner having an inner surface facing the head of the user and an outer surface facing the inner surface of the outer liner, the inner liner and the outer liner defining a gap therebetween, wherein the gap comprises an outlet adjacent the user's forehead when the helmet is worn;the outer liner defining a channel therethrough having a first end in communication with the front vent opening and a second end in communication with the gap.

2. The helmet of claim 1 wherein the helmet is configured to be worn in a head down position while the user is cycling.

3. The helmet of claim 2 wherein a portion of an airflow while the user is cycling is diverted from the bottom wall portion towards the front vent opening.

4. The helmet of claim 3, wherein the portion of the airflow is diverted from the front vent opening to the channel.

5. The helmet of claim 4, wherein the portion of the airflow is diverted from the channel to gap.

6. The helmet of claim 5, further comprising goggles positioned adjacent the outlet of the gap, the goggles having an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein a first portion of the airflow is diverted across the outer surface of the goggles and a second portion of the airflow is diverted across the inner surface of the goggles.

7. The helmet of claim 1, wherein the central recessed portion extends to the rear portion of the helmet.

8. The helmet of claim 7, further comprising a spoiler disposed at the rear portion of the helmet, the spoiler defining a closed portion over the recessed central recessed portion.

9. The helmet of claim 8, wherein a rear passage is defined by the spoiler, the bottom wall portion and the side wall portions.

10. A helmet for protecting the head of a user when worn, the helmet comprising:a shell defining an outer surface and a central recessed portion extending along a longitudinal axis extending from a front portion of the helmet towards a rear portion of the helmet, the central recessed portion comprisinga bottom wall portion defining a center raised portion and front and rear recessed portions,side wall portions extending from the bottom wall portion to the outer surface,an open top portion, anda front vent opening positioned at a forward end of the central recessed portion, the front vent opening having a lower edge substantially aligned with the bottom wall portion and an upper edge disposed above the lower edge, the front vent opening configured to divert airflow passing over the bottom wall portion into the front vent opening;an outer liner having an outer surface coupled to an inner surface of the shell and an opposite inner surface; andan inner liner having an inner surface facing the head of the user and outer surface facing the inner surface of the outer liner, the router surface of the inner liner and the inner surface of the outer liner defining a gap therebetween, wherein the gap comprises an outlet adjacent the user's forehead when the helmet is worn;the outer liner defining a channel extending from the outer surface in communication with the front vent opening to the inner surface thereof at a first end and in communication with the gap at the second end to divert airflow passing into the channel from the front vent opening to the gap.

11. The helmet of claim 10 wherein the helmet is configured to be worn in a head down position while the user is cycling.

12. The helmet of claim 11 wherein a portion of an airflow while the user is cycling is diverted from the bottom wall portion towards the front vent opening.

13. The helmet of claim 10, further comprising goggles positioned adjacent the gap, the goggles having an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein a first portion of the airflow is diverted across the outer surface of the goggles and a second portion of the airflow is diverted across the inner surface of the goggles.

14. The helmet of claim 10, wherein the central recessed portion extends to the rear portion of the helmet.

15. The helmet of claim 14, further comprising a spoiler disposed at the rear portion of the helmet.

16. A helmet for protecting the head of a user, the helmet comprising:a shell defining an outer surface and a central recessed portion extending along a longitudinal axis extending from a front portion of the helmet towards a rear portion of the helmet, the central recessed portion comprisinga bottom wall portion defining a center raised portion and front and rear recessed portions,side wall portions extending from the bottom wall portion to the outer surface,an open top portion, anda front vent opening positioned at a forward end of the central recessed portion, the front vent opening having a lower edge substantially aligned with the bottom wall portion and an upper edge disposed above the lower edge, the front vent opening configured to divert airflow passing over the bottom wall portion into the front vent opening;an outer liner having an outer surface coupled to an inner surface of the shell and an opposite inner surface, the outer liner defining a first front edge disposed adjacent the forehead of the user when the helmet is worn; andan inner liner having an inner surface facing the head of the user and outer surface facing the inner surface of the outer liner, the inner liner defining a second front edge disposed adjacent the forehead of the user when the helmet is worn, the inner surface of the router liner and the outer surface of the inner liner defining a gap therebetween, the gap defining a front outlet at the first and second front edge,the outer liner defining a channel extending from the outer surface in communication with the front vent opening to the inner surface thereof at a first end and in communication with the gap at the second end to divert airflow passing into the channel from the front vent opening to the gap and exiting the gap at the front outlet.

17. The helmet of claim 16 wherein the helmet is configured to be worn in a head down position while the user is cycling.

18. The helmet of claim 17 wherein a portion of an airflow while the user is cycling is diverted from the bottom wall portion towards the front vent opening.

19. The helmet of claim 18, further comprising goggles positioned adjacent the front outlet, the goggles having an outer surface and an inner surface, wherein a first portion of the airflow is diverted across the outer surface of the goggles and a second portion of the airflow is diverted across the inner surface of the goggles.

20. The helmet of claim 16, wherein the central recessed portion extends to the rear portion of the helmet.

Images