Seedless grapevine plant named ‘ARD51’

Abstract

A new distinct variety of grapevine named ‘ARD51’ abundantly forms attractive crunchy and juicy seedless berries with a red skin coloration, lax density and large clusters which display a natural sweet flavor, the fruit commonly is ready for harvesting during July in San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and displays good eating qualities as a table grape, the fruit firmness renders the fruit well amenable for handling, shipping, and storage.

Description

[0001] Classification: The present invention relates to a new Vitis vinifera Grapevine.

[0002] Variety denomination: The new Grapevine has a varietal denomination ‘ARD51’.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] A breeding program was initiated during the late 90's near Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California. In 2018, during this breeding program, a new variety of Vitis vinifera was created by deliberate cross breeding of two parent plants by emasculation of the pollen bearing organ of the female and introducing pollen from another male origin. The female parent of the new variety was 35-33+6, which is a white, crunchy and slightly juicy variety (non-patented in the United States). The male parent (i.e. the pollen parent) of the new variety was 30A-11+3, a red, crispy and juicy variety (non-patented in the United States).

[0004] TABLE 1‘ARD51’ compared with parents & closely related variety:‘ARD51’35−33+630A−11+3FlameBrix21171816-20TextureCrunchy &CrunchyCrispyCrispyjuicyBerry Broad Obtuse BroadGloboseshapeellipsoidovoidellipsoid

[0005] The parentage of the new variety can be summarized as follows: 35-33+6 X 30A-11+3

[0006] An artificial pollination was created, and the result was an embryo which possessed unique genetic qualities. The rudiments resulting from the above pollination were embryo rescued.

[0007] In 2019 the plant was transplanted to Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California.

[0008] It was found that the new grapevine of the present invention possesses the following combination of characteristics:

[0009] (a) Forms attractive crunchy and juicy seedless berries with a red skin coloration; in lax density and large clusters which display a natural sweet flavor,

[0010] (b) Commonly bears fruit during the month of July in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and

[0011] (c) Bears fruit that is firm and is well amenable for storage, handling, and shipping.

[0012] (d) Produces 44 bunches per vine, and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot, at a total of 51 lbs. fruit per vine.

[0013] The new variety during observation to date has displayed no visible disease, and has displayed an ability to well resist cold, drought, heat; but sensitive to direct exposure to sun and wind. The fruit of the new variety has been found to display excellent handling and shipping qualities combined with desirable dessert eating qualities.

[0014] The new variety of the present invention has been found to undergo asexual propagation beginning in 2020 near Bakersfield in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A. by bud grafting on mature Thompson Seedless rootstock (non-patented in the United States). Such asexual propagation has been conducted thereafter in successive years to date and has shown that the characteristics of the new variety are strictly transmissible from one generation to another. Accordingly, the new variety undergoes asexual propagation in a true to type manner.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The new variety ‘ARD51’ is a red, naturally sweet seedless grape variety with high production, e.g., about 44 bunches per vine, and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot.

[0016] Asexual reproduction by micro propagation of the new variety as performed near Bakersfield, California, U.S.A., shows that the forgoing and other distinguishing characteristics come true to form and are established and transmitted through succeeding propagations.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0017] The accompanying photographic illustration shows typical five-year-old specimens of the new variety, vegetatively propagated, in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in a color illustration of this character. Colors in the photograph may differ from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description below, which accurately describes the colors of the new Grapevine.

[0018] The drawing shows leaves, stems, tendrils and grapes of ‘ARD51’.DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

[0019] The chart used in the identification of colors is The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY (3rd Edition). The description is based on the observation of plants growing on ‘Thompson Seedless’ rootstock outdoors near San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A.

[0020] TABLE 2VINE CHARACTERISTICS:vigorVigorous upright shootsproductive capacityBearing at a natural, averagecapacity. Spur pruning.trunkStrong and developed.Diameter is 2.4 inches at 4.5 inchesabove ground.Rough with a fibrous, shaggy exterior.Light maple brown coloring greyedorange 177 B

[0021] Date of bud burst in Bakersfield California: March 4th.

[0022] TABLE 3YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:Openness of tipWide openDensity of prostrate hairs on tipDenseAnthocyanin coloration of prostrateNonehairs on tipDensity of erect hairs on tipMedium

[0023] TABLE 4YOUNG LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:Color of upper side of bladeYellow green 146 BColor of lower side of bladeYellow green 146 CDensity of erect hairs between mainDenseveins on upper side of bladeDensity of erect hairs between mainDenseveins on lower side of bladeDensity of prostrate hairs on mainDenseveins on upper side of bladeDensity of prostrate hairs on mainDenseveins on lower side of blade

[0024] TABLE 5SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:Attitude (before tying)Semi-erectColor of dorsal side of internodesYellow Green 144 AColor of ventral side of internodesYellow Green 144 AColor of dorsal side of nodesYellow Green 144 BColor of ventral side of nodesYellow Green 144 BDensity of erect hairs on internodesAbsent or very sparseDensity of prostrate hairs onAbsent or very sparseinternodesLength of tendrils 7.5 inchesDiameter of tendrils0.09 inchesColor of tendrilsYellow green 144 ANumber of tendrils at bloom4Positioning of first flowering andThe first bunch is in fruiting nodethe 3rd nodeInflorescence number per flowering2shoot

[0025] TABLE 6FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS:Reproductive organsFully developed stamens and fully developed gynoeciumFlower length 0.3 inchesFlower diameter 0.2 inchesPistil length0.14 inchesPistil colorYellow green 144 APollen AmountRichPollen colorYellow 10 AStamen colorYellow green 145 CStamen length0.19 inchesNumber of stamen6..

[0026] First bloom in Bakersfield, California: April 23rd.

[0027] Date of full bloom in Bakersfield, California: May 1st.

[0028] TABLE 7MATURE LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:Size of blade6.5 inches × 6.5 inchesShape of bladeCircularBase descriptorsPentagonalLeaf marginSerrateLeaf apexAcuteBlistering of upper side of bladeAbsent or very sparseDepth of upper lateral sinusesShallowNumber of lobesFive(Only varieties with lobed leaves)OpenArrangement of lobes of upperlateral sinusesArrangement of lobes of petioleHalf opensinusLength of teeth0.27 inchesRatio length / width of teethSmallShape of teethBoth sides concaveDensity of prostrate hairs betweenAbsent or very sparsemain veins on lower side of bladeDensity of erect hairs on main veinsAbsent or very sparseon lower side of bladeDensity of erect hairs between theAbsent or very sparsemain veins on upper side of bladeDensity of prostrate hairs on mainAbsent or very sparseveins on upper side of bladeLength of petiole compared to lengthModerately shorterof middle veinTop side colorGreen 137 ABottom side colorGreen 138 BTexture of upper side of bladeSmoothTexture of lower side of bladeSmoothVein color on upper bladeYellow Green 145 AAnthocyanin coloration of main veinsRed 53 Aon upper side of bladeVein color on lower bladeYellow green 145 CVenation pattern for upper bladeNetlike venationVenation patten for lower bladeNetlike venationPetiole length 2.5 inchesPetiole diameter 0.1 inchesPetiole colorRed 53 APetiole textureSmooth

[0029] Date of beginning of berry ripening in Bakersfield California: June 2nd.

[0030] TABLE 8BUNCH CHARACTERISTICS:Size (peduncle excluded)LargeDensity of berries on bunchLaxBunch length 9.5 inchesBunch diameter 4.8 inchesLength of peduncle of primary bunch0.84 inchesDiameter of peduncle of primary0.11 inchesbunchPeduncle of primary bunch colorYellow green 144 BPeduncle textureSmoothBunches per vine44Average bunch weight1.16 lbs

[0031] TABLE 9BERRY CHARACTERISTICS:SizeLargeLength 1.4 inchesWeight0.35 ozDiameter0.09 inchesShapeBroad ellipsoidColor of skin (without bloom)Red 45 DFlesh colorYellow green 145 DBrix21Titratable acidity percentage0.33%Juice4.09 pHEase of detachment from pedicelModerately easyThickness of skinThinAnthocyanin coloration of fleshNoneFirmness of fleshModerately firmParticular flavorNaturally sweetFormation of seedsRudimentaryBerries per bunch53Juiciness of the berry fleshJuicy

[0032] TABLE 10PEDICEL CHARACTERISTICS:Length0.51 inchesDiameter0.13 inchesColorGreen 143 CPedicel textureRough

[0033] TABLE 11WOODY SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:Woody shoot textureRoughWoody shoot colorGreyed orange 165 BWoody shoot length274inchesDiameter0.4inchesInternode length2.8inches

[0034] Market use of observed plants: Fresh market.

[0035] Age and growing conditions: Six years growing under Y system in South Joaquin Valley (hot, dry summers).

[0036] Shipping characteristics: (E.g. number of days fruit has been stored under specific conditions): Fruit was in cold storage. Stored in poly bags inside polystyrene boxes with sulfur pads. After 30 Days rachises were 90% green; 5% berry shattering; no berry wrinkling or cracks were apparent.

[0037] DNA profile: To further characterize the new variety DNA was extracted from plant samples and a DNA profile was obtained at California Seed & Plant Lab, California USA using base pairs for 10 standard microsatellite DNA markers. The data is presented hereafter.

[0038] TABLE 12DNA profile for ARD51Microsatellite DNA MarkerAllele Sizes in Base PairsM 1234236M 2247249M 3179194M 4210216M 5271271M 6131145M 7189189M 8255257M 9212214M 10247247

[0039] The ‘ARD51’ variety has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotypic expression may vary somewhat with changes in light intensity and duration, cultural practices, and other environmental conditions.

[0040] Additional information relating to plant and fruit disease and pest resistance or susceptibility has not been observed to date. Specification of the plant hardiness zone and the heat / cold resistance has not been observed to date.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0019]The chart used in the identification of colors is The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY (3rd Edition). The description is based on the observation of plants growing on ‘Thompson Seedless’ rootstock outdoors near San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A.

[0020]

TABLE 2VINE CHARACTERISTICS:vigorVigorous upright shootsproductive capacityBearing at a natural, averagecapacity. Spur pruning.trunkStrong and developed.Diameter is 2.4 inches at 4.5 inchesabove ground.Rough with a fibrous, shaggy exterior.Light maple brown coloring greyedorange 177 B[0021]Date of bud burst in Bakersfield California: March 4th.

[0022]

TABLE 3YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:Openness of tipWide openDensity of prostrate hairs on tipDenseAnthocyanin coloration of prostrateNonehairs on tipDensity of erect hairs on tipMedium

[0023]

TABLE 4YOUNG LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:Color of upper side of bladeYellow green 146 BColor of lower side of bladeYellow green 146 CDensity of erect hairs between mainDe...

[0001] Classification: The present invention relates to a new Vitis vinifera Grapevine.

[0002] Variety denomination: The new Grapevine has a varietal denomination ‘ARD51’.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0003] A breeding program was initiated during the late 90's near Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California. In 2018, during this breeding program, a new variety of Vitis vinifera was created by deliberate cross breeding of two parent plants by emasculation of the pollen bearing organ of the female and introducing pollen from another male origin. The female parent of the new variety was 35-33+6, which is a white, crunchy and slightly juicy variety (non-patented in the United States). The male parent (i.e. the pollen parent) of the new variety was 30A-11+3, a red, crispy and juicy variety (non-patented in the United States).

[0004] TABLE 1‘ARD51’ compared with parents & closely related variety:‘ARD51’35−33+630A−11+3FlameBrix21171816-20TextureCrunchy &CrunchyCrispyCrispyjuicyBerry Broad Obtuse BroadGloboseshapeellipsoidovoidellipsoid

[0005] The parentage of the new variety can be summarized as follows: 35-33+6 X 30A-11+3

[0006] An artificial pollination was created, and the result was an embryo which possessed unique genetic qualities. The rudiments resulting from the above pollination were embryo rescued.

[0007] In 2019 the plant was transplanted to Bakersfield in San Joaquin Valley of Central California.

[0008] It was found that the new grapevine of the present invention possesses the following combination of characteristics:

[0009] (a) Forms attractive crunchy and juicy seedless berries with a red skin coloration; in lax density and large clusters which display a natural sweet flavor,

[0010] (b) Commonly bears fruit during the month of July in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A., and

[0011] (c) Bears fruit that is firm and is well amenable for storage, handling, and shipping.

[0012] (d) Produces 44 bunches per vine, and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot, at a total of 51 lbs. fruit per vine.

[0013] The new variety during observation to date has displayed no visible disease, and has displayed an ability to well resist cold, drought, heat; but sensitive to direct exposure to sun and wind. The fruit of the new variety has been found to display excellent handling and shipping qualities combined with desirable dessert eating qualities.

[0014] The new variety of the present invention has been found to undergo asexual propagation beginning in 2020 near Bakersfield in the San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A. by bud grafting on mature Thompson Seedless rootstock (non-patented in the United States). Such asexual propagation has been conducted thereafter in successive years to date and has shown that the characteristics of the new variety are strictly transmissible from one generation to another. Accordingly, the new variety undergoes asexual propagation in a true to type manner.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0015] The new variety ‘ARD51’ is a red, naturally sweet seedless grape variety with high production, e.g., about 44 bunches per vine, and an average of about 2 bunches per shoot.

[0016] Asexual reproduction by micro propagation of the new variety as performed near Bakersfield, California, U.S.A., shows that the forgoing and other distinguishing characteristics come true to form and are established and transmitted through succeeding propagations.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0017] The accompanying photographic illustration shows typical five-year-old specimens of the new variety, vegetatively propagated, in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in a color illustration of this character. Colors in the photograph may differ from the color values cited in the detailed botanical description below, which accurately describes the colors of the new Grapevine.

[0018] The drawing shows leaves, stems, tendrils and grapes of ‘ARD51’.DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

[0019] The chart used in the identification of colors is The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY (3rd Edition). The description is based on the observation of plants growing on ‘Thompson Seedless’ rootstock outdoors near San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A.

[0020] TABLE 2VINE CHARACTERISTICS:vigorVigorous upright shootsproductive capacityBearing at a natural, averagecapacity. Spur pruning.trunkStrong and developed.Diameter is 2.4 inches at 4.5 inchesabove ground.Rough with a fibrous, shaggy exterior.Light maple brown coloring greyedorange 177 B

[0021] Date of bud burst in Bakersfield California: March 4th.

[0022] TABLE 3YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:Openness of tipWide openDensity of prostrate hairs on tipDenseAnthocyanin coloration of prostrateNonehairs on tipDensity of erect hairs on tipMedium

[0023] TABLE 4YOUNG LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:Color of upper side of bladeYellow green 146 BColor of lower side of bladeYellow green 146 CDensity of erect hairs between mainDenseveins on upper side of bladeDensity of erect hairs between mainDenseveins on lower side of bladeDensity of prostrate hairs on mainDenseveins on upper side of bladeDensity of prostrate hairs on mainDenseveins on lower side of blade

[0024] TABLE 5SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:Attitude (before tying)Semi-erectColor of dorsal side of internodesYellow Green 144 AColor of ventral side of internodesYellow Green 144 AColor of dorsal side of nodesYellow Green 144 BColor of ventral side of nodesYellow Green 144 BDensity of erect hairs on internodesAbsent or very sparseDensity of prostrate hairs onAbsent or very sparseinternodesLength of tendrils 7.5 inchesDiameter of tendrils0.09 inchesColor of tendrilsYellow green 144 ANumber of tendrils at bloom4Positioning of first flowering andThe first bunch is in fruiting nodethe 3rd nodeInflorescence number per flowering2shoot

[0025] TABLE 6FLOWER CHARACTERISTICS:Reproductive organsFully developed stamens and fully developed gynoeciumFlower length 0.3 inchesFlower diameter 0.2 inchesPistil length0.14 inchesPistil colorYellow green 144 APollen AmountRichPollen colorYellow 10 AStamen colorYellow green 145 CStamen length0.19 inchesNumber of stamen6..

[0026] First bloom in Bakersfield, California: April 23rd.

[0027] Date of full bloom in Bakersfield, California: May 1st.

[0028] TABLE 7MATURE LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:Size of blade6.5 inches × 6.5 inchesShape of bladeCircularBase descriptorsPentagonalLeaf marginSerrateLeaf apexAcuteBlistering of upper side of bladeAbsent or very sparseDepth of upper lateral sinusesShallowNumber of lobesFive(Only varieties with lobed leaves)OpenArrangement of lobes of upperlateral sinusesArrangement of lobes of petioleHalf opensinusLength of teeth0.27 inchesRatio length / width of teethSmallShape of teethBoth sides concaveDensity of prostrate hairs betweenAbsent or very sparsemain veins on lower side of bladeDensity of erect hairs on main veinsAbsent or very sparseon lower side of bladeDensity of erect hairs between theAbsent or very sparsemain veins on upper side of bladeDensity of prostrate hairs on mainAbsent or very sparseveins on upper side of bladeLength of petiole compared to lengthModerately shorterof middle veinTop side colorGreen 137 ABottom side colorGreen 138 BTexture of upper side of bladeSmoothTexture of lower side of bladeSmoothVein color on upper bladeYellow Green 145 AAnthocyanin coloration of main veinsRed 53 Aon upper side of bladeVein color on lower bladeYellow green 145 CVenation pattern for upper bladeNetlike venationVenation patten for lower bladeNetlike venationPetiole length 2.5 inchesPetiole diameter 0.1 inchesPetiole colorRed 53 APetiole textureSmooth

[0029] Date of beginning of berry ripening in Bakersfield California: June 2nd.

[0030] TABLE 8BUNCH CHARACTERISTICS:Size (peduncle excluded)LargeDensity of berries on bunchLaxBunch length 9.5 inchesBunch diameter 4.8 inchesLength of peduncle of primary bunch0.84 inchesDiameter of peduncle of primary0.11 inchesbunchPeduncle of primary bunch colorYellow green 144 BPeduncle textureSmoothBunches per vine44Average bunch weight1.16 lbs

[0031] TABLE 9BERRY CHARACTERISTICS:SizeLargeLength 1.4 inchesWeight0.35 ozDiameter0.09 inchesShapeBroad ellipsoidColor of skin (without bloom)Red 45 DFlesh colorYellow green 145 DBrix21Titratable acidity percentage0.33%Juice4.09 pHEase of detachment from pedicelModerately easyThickness of skinThinAnthocyanin coloration of fleshNoneFirmness of fleshModerately firmParticular flavorNaturally sweetFormation of seedsRudimentaryBerries per bunch53Juiciness of the berry fleshJuicy

[0032] TABLE 10PEDICEL CHARACTERISTICS:Length0.51 inchesDiameter0.13 inchesColorGreen 143 CPedicel textureRough

[0033] TABLE 11WOODY SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:Woody shoot textureRoughWoody shoot colorGreyed orange 165 BWoody shoot length274inchesDiameter0.4inchesInternode length2.8inches

[0034] Market use of observed plants: Fresh market.

[0035] Age and growing conditions: Six years growing under Y system in South Joaquin Valley (hot, dry summers).

[0036] Shipping characteristics: (E.g. number of days fruit has been stored under specific conditions): Fruit was in cold storage. Stored in poly bags inside polystyrene boxes with sulfur pads. After 30 Days rachises were 90% green; 5% berry shattering; no berry wrinkling or cracks were apparent.

[0037] DNA profile: To further characterize the new variety DNA was extracted from plant samples and a DNA profile was obtained at California Seed & Plant Lab, California USA using base pairs for 10 standard microsatellite DNA markers. The data is presented hereafter.

[0038] TABLE 12DNA profile for ARD51Microsatellite DNA MarkerAllele Sizes in Base PairsM 1234236M 2247249M 3179194M 4210216M 5271271M 6131145M 7189189M 8255257M 9212214M 10247247

[0039] The ‘ARD51’ variety has not been observed under all possible environmental conditions to date. Accordingly, it is possible that the phenotypic expression may vary somewhat with changes in light intensity and duration, cultural practices, and other environmental conditions.

[0040] Additional information relating to plant and fruit disease and pest resistance or susceptibility has not been observed to date. Specification of the plant hardiness zone and the heat / cold resistance has not been observed to date.

Examples

Embodiment Construction

[0019]The chart used in the identification of colors is The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY (3rd Edition). The description is based on the observation of plants growing on ‘Thompson Seedless’ rootstock outdoors near San Joaquin Valley of Central California, U.S.A.

[0020]

TABLE 2VINE CHARACTERISTICS:vigorVigorous upright shootsproductive capacityBearing at a natural, averagecapacity. Spur pruning.trunkStrong and developed.Diameter is 2.4 inches at 4.5 inchesabove ground.Rough with a fibrous, shaggy exterior.Light maple brown coloring greyedorange 177 B[0021]Date of bud burst in Bakersfield California: March 4th.

[0022]

TABLE 3YOUNG SHOOT CHARACTERISTICS:Openness of tipWide openDensity of prostrate hairs on tipDenseAnthocyanin coloration of prostrateNonehairs on tipDensity of erect hairs on tipMedium

[0023]

TABLE 4YOUNG LEAF CHARACTERISTICS:Color of upper side of bladeYellow green 146 BColor of lower side of bladeYellow green 146 CDensity of erect hairs between mainDe...

Claims

1. A new and distinct grapevine plant, botanically known as Vitis vinifera, identified as ‘ARD51’, substantially as shown and described herein.

Images