Thin sheets, composite materials, and thin sheet manufacturing methods.

Abstract

The invention relates to a thin sheet (1) having a decorative layer (3) on top of a conductive functional layer (2), such as a touch sensor panel, producing a touch mousepad function, for example, and also relates to a method of producing such a thin sheet. The invention makes it possible for the first time to perform the creation of specific properties of a prefabricated functional thin sheet, such as the main function of a touch sensor, in an uncomplicated manner. This is achieved by adding to the functional thin sheet, between the conductive functional layer (2) and the decorative layer (3), a laser-protective layer (4) which can be laser-projected and etched by simple means.

Description

[0001] Laminated body with decorative layer. Composite of laminated body and molded body, and process for producing the laminated body

[0002] The invention relates to a laminated body with a decorative layer over an electrical functional layer such as a touch sensor field, which provides, for example, a touch field, slider, and / or other touch functionality, as well as a composite formed with this laminated body with a shaped body such as a panel in a vehicle or on a machine and a production method for producing the laminated body.

[0003] Decorative and / or functional laminates are known, for example, when combined with molded bodies such as glass, metal, and / or plastic panels, which—with a corresponding design—represent operating elements of the corresponding vehicles, communication devices, cell phones, computers, and / or machines, e.g., coffee machines or washing machines. The customization and installation of such a decorative laminate requires printing machines that are not available everywhere. The placement of the decorative laminate, which provides the information and operating functionality, on the molded body usually occurs without sufficient positional tolerance for mass production.There is therefore a need for decorative laminates, especially those with electrical functions such as LEDs, touch sensors, touch sensor fields, and multi-touch screens, to be customized on-site by the customer after delivery by the manufacturer using simple, straightforward measures. In particular, there is also a need to provide a technology that allows the easily customizable laminate to be bonded to the molded body with positioning tolerances suitable for mass production. These composites have currently been manufactured, for example, by back-injection molding.

[0004] For example, the invention relates to the construction of HMIs, i.e. human-machine interface components, wherein according to the prior art, particularly with semi-transparent decorations, such as semi-transparent indium, smoked panels and / or semi-transparent black paint, good positioning and / or sharp symbolism in combination with electrically conductive functional layers - e.g. touch sensors - is difficult.

[0005] Particularly with deep-drawn, e.g., 3D-formed printed films, the problem arises that the printed symbols can warp during the deep-drawing process, both the symbol itself and the position of the symbol. During the subsequent back-injection process, a decorative film, for example, can be negatively affected. Especially in combination with a metallic film, such as metallic, non-conductive indium, which is semi-transparent, the desired mirror effect with translucent symbols and simultaneously an electrically conductive functional layer, such as a touch sensor, can lead to a high level of rejects due to unacceptable components in mass production.

[0006] DE 102018 123473 A1 discloses a decorative film in which a transparent laser-protective lacquer layer is arranged centrally between two colored lacquer layers. The disadvantage is that the second colored lacquer layer is expensive, and the laser-protective lacquer layer is difficult to place between two colored lacquer layers.

[0007] Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a laminated body which can be individually labelled and / or decorated by simple means “end-of-line” before or after installation, in particular in combination with a molded body, by laser irradiation in the simplest possible process steps.

[0008] This object is achieved by the subject matter of the present invention as disclosed in the description and the claims.

[0009] Accordingly, the subject matter of the present invention is a laminated body having at least one electrically conductive functional layer, a decorative layer and a translucent laser protection layer, wherein the laser protection layer is arranged between the decorative layer and the electrically conductive functional layer in such a way that it adjoins the electrically conductive functional layer without an intermediate colored lacquer layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the invention relates to a composite of the layered body with a shaped body, wherein the layered body is arranged between a light source and the surface of the shaped body facing the observer.

[0011] Finally, the present invention relates to a method for producing a laminated body comprising at least one electrically conductive functional layer, at least one decorative layer and at least one laser protection layer, wherein the laser protection layer is arranged between the decorative layer and the electrically conductive functional layer in such a way that it adjoins the electrically conductive functional layer without an intermediate color lacquer layer and the method comprises the following steps, which are carried out in particular in the following order: a) Providing an electrically conductive functional layer b) Applying at least one translucent laser protection layer, in particular by means of printing, coating, laminating, embossing and / or laminating processes and / or by means of physical vapor deposition,without an intermediate colored lacquer layer adjacent to the electrically conductive functional layer c) applying at least one decorative layer, in particular by means of printing, coating, laminating, embossing and / or laminating processes and / or by means of physical vapor deposition onto the translucent laser protection layer and d) removing one or more areas of the decorative layer by means of a laser.

[0012] The general finding of the invention is that a layered body comprising a layer stack, with an electrically conductive functional layer that provides an electrical or electronic functionality, such as a touch sensor, a display, a multi-touch sensor, can be easily individualized by a decorative layer that can be ablated and / or written on by means of a laser, both "end-of-line" and after sale and delivery on site by the customer and / or after installation in a plastic molded part, if

[0013] - firstly, a suitable laser is used and

[0014] - secondly, there is a suitable layer structure.

[0015] The layer structure mentioned here, decorative layer, laser protection layer and electrically conductive functional layer, generally comprises more than three layers because, firstly, each of the layers mentioned can be constructed in one or more layers and, secondly, one or more identical or unequal layers of adhesive, primer, protective layers and any combination of the aforementioned layers can be provided between the layers.

[0016] According to the present invention, a laser protection layer is therefore provided between the decorative layer and the electrically functional layer such that the laser protection layer adjoins the electrically conductive functional layer without an intermediate colored lacquer layer. Furthermore, a laser system with a wavelength of 380 nm to 1400 nm is used for marking and / or decorating the decorative layer.

[0017] The molded body is, for example, a glass, metal, and / or plastic panel, such as those used in vehicle cockpits, machine control panels, and the like. The molded bodies according to the invention can include any desired material combination.

[0018] The composite of molded body and layered body can be backlit and is e.g.

[0019] - the cockpit and / or part of a cockpit, or any other functionalized interior of a vehicle,

[0020] - the plastic, metal and / or glass cover of a machine such as a coffee machine, a washing machine, etc. and / or

[0021] - the display of a communication device such as a computer, a mobile phone, etc.

[0022] The "laser protection layer" provided here, which can be single-layered or multi-layered, is designed to scatter and / or deflect any laser beam passing through the decorative layer in such a way that it does not completely penetrate the laser protection layer and / or reduces its power density to such an extent that lower layers, in particular the electrically conductive functional layer(s), are not damaged. Preferably, the scattering of the incident laser beam at the surface of the laser protection layer is sufficient to prevent the laser protection layer itself from being damaged by a laser beam penetrating the decorative layer, neither through the entire thickness of the laser protection layer nor superficially.

[0023] According to an advantageous embodiment, one or both surfaces of the laser protection layer are structured; in particular, light-scattering surface structures can be provided.

[0024] The "surface" in relation to the layered body and / or the molded body refers to the larger surface area. For a layer of a layer stack, this is generally the surface area that forms the area—usually the extent in the x- and y-direction, not the surface area that forms the height, i.e., the extent in the z-direction.

[0025] Furthermore, it is intended that a laser system with a wavelength of 380 nm to 1400 nm is used to ablate, write and / or partially remove the decorative layer and thus to inscribe and / or decorate the decorative layer.

[0026] The laser protection layer is preferably arranged directly, i.e. adjacent to the decorative layer – of course, if necessary with appropriate intermediate layers for bonding and / or priming. The laser protection layer protects the underlying layers of the layer stack, in particular the electrically conductive functional layer adjacent to the laser protection layer without an intermediate layer of colored varnish, from mechanical, physical and / or chemical environmental influences, and above all from damage caused by laser radiation. When one or more areas of the decorative layer are removed using a laser, areas containing images, patterns and / or alphanumeric characters are removed. These include, for example, logos, symbols, pictograms, figures, letters, words, numbers and digits. By removing them using a laser, these areas then become recognizable and / or readable for the viewer.

[0027] Process step d) “removal by laser” can be followed by and / or include mechanical processing. The decorative layer can be removed completely or partially. The “partial” removal of areas of the decorative layer means that the entire layer in that area has not been removed, in the sense of a hole in the layer at that point and possibly damage to an underlying layer, but that only a depression has been created. By irradiating it with a laser, an area of ​​the decorative layer is, for example, partially vaporized so that it is completely removed. The laser can ablate through the decorative layer, or only to a certain percentage of the layer thickness.

[0028] The laser protection layer has, for example, a layer thickness in the range between 0.5 pm and 1000 pm, preferably between 1 pm and 800 pm, preferably in the range from 1 pm to 500 pm, in particular between 1 pm and 200 pm, preferably between 1 pm and 150 pm, e.g. in the range between 50 pm and 120 pm, particularly preferably between 75 pm and 100 pm.

[0029] A laser protection layer according to the invention can be single-layered (as a single layer) or multi-layered (as a stack of multiple individual layers). The layer thicknesses and / or the materials of the individual layers of a laser protection layer can be the same or different. The laser protection layer can be present, for example, as a film or as a composite and / or laminate of multiple films. For example, a film that is part of the laser protection layer can also be coated.

[0030] Likewise, films and / or individual layers that are part of the laser protection layer can contain the same or different fillers.

[0031] According to an advantageous embodiment, the laser protection layer comprises at least one individual layer containing particles that scatter light, in particular a laser beam. A preferably homogeneous distribution of light-scattering particles within a layer enhances the protection of the layers beneath the laser protection layer against damage caused by laser treatment.

[0032] Alternatively or in addition to light-scattering particles in the laser protection layer, bubbles, vesicles, and / or pores can also be provided in at least one individual layer of the laser protection layer. Pores or bubbles can also serve as scattering centers and thus determine the protective effect of the laser protection layer.

[0033] The laser protection layer, or a single layer of a laser protection layer, can, for example, comprise open and / or closed pores. Open pores are located on the surface of the layer, while closed pores are embedded within the layer.

[0034] Advantageously, the laser protection layer comprises a matrix material, in particular a glass, such as a thin glass, and / or a carbon-based polymer. For example, the matrix material of the laser protection layer can be monomers, oligomers, polymers, and / or copolymers, preferably from compounds such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA),

[0035] Polyetherimide (PEI), polyacrylate, polyester (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyoxymethylenes (POM), polyimide (PI), polyurethane (PU), polysulfone, in particular poly(aryl ether sulfone) PAES and / or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), each individually and / or in any copolymers, mixtures, combinations and / or blends.

[0036] According to a further advantageous embodiment, the laminated body has a laser protection layer which has a transmission of at least 25%, preferably of at least 75%, more preferably of at least 85%.

[0037] It is advantageous if the translucent laser protection layer diffusely scatters transmitted light, particularly light in the wavelength range between 380 nm and 1400 nm. This means that the translucent laser protection layer has a haze value of at least 30 haze units, in particular of at least 50 haze units, preferably of at least 70 haze units, and particularly preferably of at least 85 haze units.

[0038] Preferably, the haze value is determined in haze units in transmission according to the ASTM D 1003 standard. For example, the haze value is measured using the "BYK haze-gard i" measuring device from Byk-Gardener, Geretsried,

[0039] Germany. The layer or film to be measured is preferably held in the open sample chamber of the measuring device and, especially for the haze value, is placed against the so-called "haze port" of the device. The measurement is preferably performed using a D65 standard illuminant. The measurement result is then preferably displayed on the measuring device's screen.

[0040] The haze value is preferably specified in percent (%). Therefore, the unit of the haze value in this case may be percent (%). The value range of the haze value is therefore preferably 0-100%. Thus, it is possible for the haze units to be percentage values ​​or for the haze units to represent percentage values. The maximum value is preferably 100%. Any values ​​higher than 100% that may occur may be caused, for example, by additional scattered light effects and / or reflection effects during the measurement, particularly depending on the measuring principle used.

[0041] Haze is preferably understood here as diffuse scattering, in particular large-angle scattering, which in particular leads to a reduction in image quality. Particles or inhomogeneities in the material preferably act as scattering centers, at which the light is scattered in all spatial directions, with only a low scattering intensity advantageously occurring at each solid angle. This results in, in particular, a reduced contrast, a diffuse image, and / or a milky-cloudy appearance, with this effect preferably being referred to as haze or turbidity. The haze value is therefore preferably a measure of the turbidity of transparent and / or translucent samples, for example, plastic layers and / or films.

[0042] Furthermore, it is possible for the translucent, i.e. partially translucent, laser protection layer to have, for example, a milky-cloudy and / or translucent appearance and to deflect more than 30%, preferably more than 50%, further preferably more than 70%, particularly preferably more than 85% of the transmitted light, in particular from the wavelength range between 380 nm and 1400 nm, by more than 2.5° from the direction of the incident light beam.

[0043] This makes it possible for light transmitted through the translucent laser protection layer to be diffusely scattered, preferably over a large solid angle range, more preferably in all spatial directions, so that light, in particular from a point light source, is homogeneously scattered, so that the translucent laser protection layer appears homogeneously illuminated to an observer, in particular despite illumination with a point light source. It is also possible for the translucent laser protection layer to be colored, in particular for the translucent laser protection layer to be colored using dyes and / or color pigments. The degree of pigmentation of the translucent laser protection layer is preferably less than 15%, preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 5%.This makes it possible, in particular, for the translucent laser protection layer to produce a special optical impression, such as a color mixing effect, in conjunction with layers arranged beneath the translucent laser protection layer, in particular in conjunction with the at least one metallized electrically conductive functional layer.

[0044] The degree of pigmentation says nothing about the amount of other particles present.

[0045] The laser protection layer advantageously protects the underlying layers of the laminated body not only from damage caused by targeted laser irradiation, but also from mechanical, physical and / or chemical environmental influences.

[0046] The decorative layer is preferably opaque and / or the decorative layer has a transmittance, in particular in the wavelength range between 380 nm and 1400 nm, of a maximum of 50%, preferably a maximum of 20%, more preferably a maximum of 5%. This ensures that the decorative layer, in particular when viewed from the side, creates a dark optical impression, in particular which provides a dark-appearing background with regard to possible backlighting. This makes it possible in particular to achieve a particularly high contrast between the backlighting and this background, and the backlighting can be sufficiently well perceived even at low backlighting light intensities. The decorative layer preferably has a layer thickness between 0.1 gm and 50 gm, preferably between 0.3 gm and 30 gm, particularly preferably a layer thickness of 0.5 gm to 17 gm, for example 7 gm.

[0047] This ensures, on the one hand, the required opacity of the decorative layer and, on the other hand, the production of a thin and, if necessary, flexible layer body.

[0048] Furthermore, it is possible for the decorative layer to be multi-layered, in particular for the decorative layer to be formed from two or more sublayers, wherein the two or more sublayers preferably each have a layer thickness between 0.1 gm and 50 gm, more preferably between 0.5 gm and 5.0 gm. The sublayers can have the same or different transparency, color, and layer thickness.

[0049] It is particularly advantageous if the sub-layers have different colors, especially from the RGB color space or the CMYK color space.

[0050] Color is understood here in particular as a color point that can be represented within the color space in a color model such as the RGB color model (R = red; G = green; B = blue) or the CMYK color model (C = cyan; M = magenta; Y = yellow; K = black).

[0051] It is also advantageous if the decorative layer is colored, in particular if the decorative layer is colored using dyes and / or color pigments. The degree of pigmentation of the decorative layer is preferably between 5% and 35%, more preferably between 20% and 25%. It is desirable for the coloring of the decorative layer to be as opaque as possible, among other things so that the structures beneath the decorative layer disrupt the appearance for the user as little as possible. Therefore, colors with high opacity are chosen whenever possible for coloring the decorative layer. However, opaque color pigments often contain graphite particles and / or other electrically conductive particles. The electrical conductivity thus generated in the decorative layer, however, disrupts the functionality of the electrically conductive functional layer within the laminate.Therefore, the choice of color pigments for the decorative layer is made in the tension field between opacity of the color tone and minimizing the content of electrically conductive color particles.

[0052] For example, when using a touch function through the electrically conductive functional layer in the laminated body, it is advantageous if the decorative layer is not electrically conductive and thus does not affect the capacitive touch sensitivity. The electrical surface resistance of the decorative layer should be greater than 1 megaohm per square, preferably greater than 10 megaohms per square, and especially advantageously greater than 50 megaohms per square.

[0053] According to a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one decorative layer comprises a monomer, oligomer and / or polymer, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), acrylate, polyamide (PA), and / or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), each present individually and / or in any desired copolymers, mixtures, combinations and / or blends.

[0054] According to a further embodiment, the at least one decorative layer can be a graphite and / or metal layer, in particular an optically dense metal layer. For example, metals such as aluminum, cobalt, copper, gold, iron, chromium, nickel, silver, platinum,

[0055] Palladium, indium, and / or titanium, as well as any alloys and / or pastes of the aforementioned metals, may be used. According to a further embodiment of the laminated body, the decorative layer facing the viewer may comprise a polymeric material, as described above, filled with fillers and / or pigments.

[0056] The laminated body comprises an electrical functional layer, which can be single- or multi-layered. The electrically conductive functional layer can, for example, be in the form of a film composite.

[0057] The possible layer thicknesses of the electrically conductive functional layer correspond approximately to those of the laser protection layer, for example, and are therefore in the range between 0.5 pm and 1000 pm, preferably between 1 pm and 500 pm, preferably the layer thickness is in the range from 50 pm to 250 pm, for example between 1 pm and 200 pm, particularly preferably between 10 pm and 150 pm, e.g. in the range between 75 pm and 100 pm.

[0058] The electrically conductive functional layer comprises, for example, at least one single layer and / or a film made of metal mesh. This is an electrical functional layer comprising conductive, non-transparent tracks with a thickness—i.e., the extension in the z-direction for a planar functional layer whose surface extends along the xy-direction in space—in the range of 2 nm to 5 pm, arranged parallel to the surface of a transparent carrier, forming a pattern such that a conductor track spacing is realized in the pattern that ensures planar conductivity of the electrical functional layer while simultaneously remaining transparent to the human eye.

[0059] The conductive, non-transparent tracks in the so-called metal mesh have a width of up to 300 pm. According to another embodiment, the electrical functional layer can also comprise a transparent carrier layer, for example in the form of a film or a coated film or a film composite, on which non-transparent electrical conductor tracks - for example as supply lines, which in turn can be accommodated, for example, in an edge region that is not necessarily transparent - are provided with a greater conductor track thickness, for example with a thickness of up to 20 pm, for example in the range of 4 to 14 pm in the z-direction and a width in the x- and y-direction of up to 500 pm.

[0060] According to an advantageous embodiment of the laminated body, the electrical functional layer represents an electrode.

[0061] According to an advantageous embodiment, the electrical functional layer has electrically conductive functional material on, below and / or in a carrier layer.

[0062] According to an advantageous embodiment, the electrical functional layer comprises thin metal layers, in particular made of silver, copper, aluminum, gold, nickel, and any alloys thereof, as well as conductive silver, nanosilver, carbon-based conductive material, such as in particular carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), silver nanowires (AgNWs), conductive oxide layers, in particular indium tin oxide (ITO), conductive polymers, in particular PEDOT:PSS, alone or in any mixtures and / or combinations on and / or under a carrier layer and / or embedded in a carrier layer.

[0063] According to an advantageous embodiment, the at least one functional layer forms at least one touch sensor field, which comprises, for example, at least one input functionality such as audio control, gesture control, touch field functionality, touch pad, in particular as multi- or single-touch and / or at least one slider function and / or at least one rotary knob function, all of the aforementioned possibilities individually or in any combination.

[0064] The invention also relates to a composite of the layered body and a shaped body, wherein the layered body is arranged between the surface of the shaped body facing a user and at least one light source.

[0065] The composite is formed by bonding, lamination, welding, soldering, fusing, mechanical fixation such as clamping, inserting, clipping, and / or combinations of the aforementioned techniques and / or other known techniques. For this purpose, a bonding material in the form of a corresponding fully or partially applied coating and / or film can be provided on the surface of the molded body and / or the laminated body.

[0066] The molded body has, on the one hand, a surface facing the user and an area to which the layered body can be fixed, which is usually opposite the surface facing the user.

[0067] The shaped body is translucent at least in some areas, in particular it has both translucent and non-translucent areas.

[0068] The molded body comprises, for example, a plastic part that comprises the surface facing the user. The plastic part can be produced, for example, by injection molding. The injection-molded component, e.g., the plastic component 24 of Figures 7 to 15, can be made of a variety of materials, such as

[0069] - Polycarbonate “PC”,

[0070] - Acrylonitrile / Butadiene / Styrene “PC-ABS”,

[0071] - Polymethyl methacrylate “PMMA”, - Polyurethane “PUR”,

[0072] - Polyurethane (PUR) flooded. These materials can be used in any mixture, blend, and / or as copolymers to construct the plastic component.

[0073] According to another embodiment, the element 24 of Figures 7 to 15 is made of glass and / or inorganic, in particular ceramic, material, for example.

[0074] According to an advantageous embodiment of the molded body, the injection-molded component can further be coated and / or overpainted and / or provided with an IMD topcoat.

[0075] Alternatively or additionally, the shaped body comprises, for example, a foil element which is provided with decoration, e.g. indium.

[0076] The foil element is preferably made of polycarbonate PC, on top of which is a non-electrically conductive semi-transparent layer such as black lacquer and / or indium as a metallic, non-conductive layer

[0077] The light source comprises, for example, one or more LEDs. The light source backlights the molded body, which has a sufficiently transparent quality at least at that location, as needed. The layered body is also translucent and—again, for example—at least partially fulfills the display function and / or the operating function.

[0078] The invention also relates to a method for producing a laminated body, in particular a laminated body according to the invention, comprising at least one electrically conductive functional layer, at least one decorative layer and at least one translucent laser protection layer, wherein the laser protection layer is arranged between the decorative layer and the electrically conductive functional layer, wherein the method comprises the following steps, which are carried out in particular in the following order: a) Providing an electrically conductive functional layer b) Applying at least one translucent laser protection layer, in particular by means of printing, coating, laminating, embossing and / or laminating processes and / or by means of physical vapor deposition, without an intermediate color lacquer layer and adjacent to the electrically conductive functional layer c) Applying at least one decorative layer, in particular by means of printing, coating,Laminating, embossing and / or laminating processes and / or by means of physical vapor deposition onto the translucent laser protection layer and d) removing one or more areas of the decorative layer by means of a laser.

[0079] According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, the method step of removing one or more areas of the decorative layer by means of a laser is carried out in such a way that the removal of the decorative layer takes place only partially.

[0080] In particular, the method for changing the optical appearance of the decorative layer of a laminated body by means of laser radiation is preceded by the following considerations: 1. Determining a minimum laser intensity with which a desired optical appearance of the decorative layer can just be achieved when the laser radiation is irradiated onto the decorative layer;

[0081] 2. Determining a maximum laser intensity at which the functional layer just does not change its function when the laser radiation is irradiated onto the decorative layer;

[0082] 3. Selection of a writing laser intensity from the interval formed by minimum and maximum laser intensity;

[0083] 4. Irradiation of laser radiation onto the decorative layer with the writing laser intensity.

[0084] Once these considerations have been made, a laminated body with a laser protection layer under the decorative layer can be customized on-site and end-of-line using simple tools.

[0085] In particular, using a laser system with wavelengths from 380–1400 nm, the decorative layer can be processed within a very wide process window. The underlying functional layer suffers no damage. This would not be possible without the laser protection layer.

[0086] The use of the laser protection layer makes it possible to use a very wide process window of power (watts), frequency (Hz) and speed of the laser without having to fear damage to the layer body, especially to the functional, especially electrically conductive, layers.

[0087] According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, in step d) a laser, in particular a fiber laser, is used which emits coherent light, preferably from the visible range, i.e. in the range from 380 nm to 780 nm or infrared range, more preferably light from the wavelength range between 780 nm and 1400 nm, even more preferably light of the wavelength 1064 nm.

[0088] For example, the following laser types can be used successfully here: ytterbium fiber laser; diode laser; fiber-coupled diode laser; neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser.

[0089] According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, step d) is carried out with a laser power between 0.05 W and 1000 W, preferably between 1 W and 500 W, more preferably between 5 W and 200 W.

[0090] According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, in step d) at least one area is removed which represents a logo and / or a pattern and / or a symbol and / or an alphanumeric character.

[0091] According to an advantageous embodiment of the method, in step d) a laser is operated with a writing speed of maximum 80,000 mm / s, preferably with a writing speed between 500 mm / s and 10,000 mm / s, and / or the laser is operated with a pulse frequency between 1 Hz and 10,000 kHz, preferably between 1 kHz and 100 kHz.

[0092] In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with reference to figures which show exemplary embodiments of the invention:

[0093] Figures 1 to 5 show exemplary embodiments of the laser protection layer:

[0094] Figure 1 shows a plastic film with scattering centers,

[0095] Figure 2 shows a two-layer structure of a laser protection layer,

[0096] Figure 3 shows a further multi-layer structure of a laser protection layer. Figure 4 shows a laser protection layer with a surface structure on one side and Figure 5 shows a laser protection layer with a surface structure on both sides.

[0097] Figure 6 shows the schematic structure of an embodiment of a laminated body

[0098] Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the individual elements arranged in the direction of installation to form a composite of a layered body and a molded body

[0099] Figure 8 shows an example of preparation of the individual elements from Figure 7 for the formation of the composite of layered body and molded body

[0100] Figure 9 shows the exemplary composite of laminated bodies and molded bodies formed from the individual elements of Figures 7 and 8

[0101] Figure 10 shows the scheme of an individualization of the composite of

[0102] Laminated bodies and molded bodies by laser irradiation, for example in

[0103] Customers

[0104] Figure 11 shows an embodiment of a composite of individualized layered body and molded body with flinter illumination Figure 12 shows another embodiment of the individual elements arranged in the installation direction to form a composite of a layered body and a molded body

[0105] Figure 13 shows a further embodiment of a composite formed from the individual elements of Figure 12, consisting of a layered body and a molded body with flinter illumination

[0106] Figure 14 shows a further embodiment of a composite consisting of a layered body and a molded body and finally Figure 15 shows a further embodiment of a composite consisting of a layered body and a molded body.

[0107] Figure 16 shows a further embodiment in which the composite of layered body and molded body is formed at least partially mechanically. Figure 17 shows a further embodiment in which the layered body is pressed against the molded body and in which the decorative layer is located on the underside of the molded body. Figure 18 shows a further embodiment of Figure 13 in which the primer-ZK adhesive layer is laser-structured together with the decorative layer.

[0108] Figure 19 shows a further embodiment of Figure 15 in which the primer and / or adhesive layer is laser-structured together with the decorative layer 3.

[0109] Figure 1 shows, as an exemplary embodiment of the laser protection layer 4, a transparent film 10, in particular a glass or plastic film, with an embedded scattering effect. The film 10 can be formed in one or more layers and—as indicated by the hatching—has embedded light-scattering elements, for example, light-scattering particles and / or pores. The film 10 is, for example, applied and / or coated directly onto an electrically conductive functional layer, such as that which is part of the laminated body (see Figures 6 to 15).

[0110] Figure 2 shows another exemplary embodiment of the laser protection layer 4 with a transparent substrate and / or carrier film 11, which is coated on one side with a coating with scattering centers 12, for example a lacquer layer comprising light-scattering particles and / or pores.

[0111] Figure 3 shows an embodiment of a laser protection layer 4 in which a coating with scattering centers 12, which is for example a lacquer layer and comprises the scattering centers, for example in the form of light-scattering particles and / or pores, is applied to both sides of the transparent substrate and / or carrier film 11.

[0112] Figure 4 shows a further embodiment of the laser protection layer 4, in which a structuring 14 is applied to one side of the surface of a supporting layer 13. The layer 13 can be formed as one or more transparent substrate and / or carrier films 11 and / or as a transparent film 10. The supporting layer 13 can also be formed as a single-layer or multi-layer structure.

[0113] Figure 5 shows the surface structuring 14 on both sides of the supporting layer 13. The structuring 14 can be uniform, forming a pattern, but also statistical and / or random. The structuring 14 can be the same or different on both sides 14 of the supporting layer 13.

[0114] Figure 6 shows a laminated body 1, comprising a decorative layer 3—completely black because it is still untreated, in particular, undescribed—an electrical functional layer 2, and a laser protection layer 4 between them. The decorative layer 3 can, for example, be formed as a black, light-tight layer. A bonding material 7 is preferably located between the decorative layer 3 and the laser protection layer 4, as well as between the laser protection layer 4 and the electrically conductive functional layer 2. The bonding material can be an adhesive, primer, protective layer, and / or a combination of different materials, as are commonly used in the art for forming such laminated bodies.

[0115] Figure 7 shows exemplary individual elements in the position of their planned connection to form the composite of a layered body 1 and a molded body 20.

[0116] From bottom to top, first the layered body 1, as known from Figure 6, can be seen with the decorative layer 3, laser protection layer 4 and electrically conductive functional layer 2. According to this embodiment, the layered body 1 is followed by the connecting layer 26, which contains one or more layers of adhesive and / or primer, such as

[0117] - Primer for Functional Foil Bonding “FFB”,

[0118] - Primer for Inmold Labeling “IML”,

[0119] - transparent adhesive in the form of Optical Clear Adhesive for lamination,

[0120] - Adhesive in the form of Pressure Sensitive Adhesive for lamination and / or

[0121] - Primer for Inmold Electronics “IME”, and if necessary

[0122] Protective lacquer layer(s) and whose dimensions approximately correspond to those of the laminated body 1. However, the bond can also be made without connecting material and by simple mechanical fixing, such as hooking, clipping, or clamping the laminated body 1 - for example by fixing the laminated body 1 to a component for backlighting, which in turn has sufficient mechanical strength for clamping - to the molded body.

[0123] Above and at a distance, the molded body 20 is shown in two individual parts 23 and 24. In the embodiment shown here, the individual part 23 comprises the frame element 27. This frame element 27 defines in the molded body 20 - as shown here - a translucent region 21 that is translucent and / or sufficiently transparent for the detection of backlit elements, and a non-translucent, non-transparent region 22. The non-translucent region 22 is defined by the frame element 27, which also delimits the translucent region 21.

[0124] The structure of the molded body 20 is arbitrary and varies depending on the application. Coffee machine control panels have different requirements than sports car cockpits. The two individual parts 23 and 24, as shown here, are combined to form the molded body 20. For example, the individual part 23 is a film element with or without decoration, and the individual part 24 is a solid - for example, 3D-shaped, injection-molded, printed, or deep-drawn plastic molded part and / or film element, which can essentially form a carrier. As indicated by the upper double arrow in Figure 7, the two individual parts 23 and 24 are connected to form the molded body 20. The two individual parts 23 and 24 can be arranged in any order, so that according to another embodiment, one side of the film element 23 forms the surface 25 facing the user.

[0125] Thus, the molded body 20 shown in Figures 7 to 11 comprises a solid part 24 with a surface 25 facing the user and with a translucent and therefore at least partially transparent region 21 behind which the layered body 1 can be glued to form the composite by means of a connecting layer 26 made of adhesive, protective lacquer layer(s) and / or primer.

[0126] Figure 8 shows the next manufacturing step, in which the layered body 1 with a corresponding connecting layer 26 and the shaped body 20 with a correspondingly dimensioned translucent area 21 are prepared for the formation of the composite of layered body and shaped body.

[0127] According to an advantageous embodiment, the layered body 1 projects beyond the transilluminable region 21 of the shaped body 20 at least on one side, as shown in Figures 7 to 15.

[0128] Figure 9 shows the composite 30 comprising layered body 1 and molded body 20 with connecting layer 26. The composite 30 has a surface 25 facing the user. This composite has not yet been individualized by laser irradiation of the decorative layer, as can be seen from the continuously black decorative layer 3 of the layered body 1.

[0129] Finally, Figure 10 shows the customized and / or described composite as it can be produced "end-of-line" or at the customer's site. For this purpose, as indicated by the arrow 40, which represents a laser beam, regions 41 and 42 are exposed from the decorative layer 3 of the laminated body 1 by moving a laser beam 40 along the directions of the double arrow 43. When backlit (not shown), these regions appear different to the user on the side of the surface 25 than the regions of the full-surface, unlasered decorative layer 3. These exposed regions 41 and 42, which lie within the translucent region 21 of the composite 30, represent, for example, the symbol and / or display regions in the finished product.

[0130] This design allows the translucent areas of the composite 21, 41, and 42, the symbols, and display surfaces, to be subsequently created for installation. Positional accuracy during assembly of the individual components into the composite 30 is not important because large tolerance ranges are provided for in the translucent area 21 of the composite. By lasering 40 the exposed areas 41 and 42 after the formation of the composite 30, the most precise positioning of the areas 41 and 42 can be achieved, as well as sharp imaging by the laser.

[0131] For example, in a subsequent process step, the exposed areas 41 and 42 may be backed with ink. The ink may be applied, for example, via digital printing and / or pad printing.

[0132] Furthermore, it can be provided that the composite also comprises a protective varnish on one or more sides. Figure 11 shows the composite 30 comprising the laminated body 1 and the molded body 20 according to the exemplary embodiment of the individual parts shown in Figures 7 to 10, with backlighting by a light source 50. This light source can, for example, comprise one or more LEDs 51 and 52, which - again, for example - are arranged on an electronic circuit board 53. On the side of the surface 25 of the composite, the viewer can see the lettering through the transparent area 21, which is produced by the laser treatment according to Figure 10 and through which the backlighting of the LEDs 51,

[0133] 52 along the light shafts 54 through the layers - emitted.

[0134] Figure 12 shows, comparable to Figure 8 of the embodiment shown there, another embodiment in which the laminated body 1 has a different layer sequence, so that the electrically conductive functional layer 2 forms the bottom layer. The laser protection layer 4 is arranged directly adjacent to the electrically conductive functional layer 2, and on top of it is the decorative layer 3, which in the embodiment shown here is already lasered, i.e., individualized and / or inscribed.

[0135] The lasering 40 before the formation of the composite 31 has the advantage that the exposed areas 41, 42 in the composite appear clearer and / or with optimal contrast for the user on the side of the surface 25 when backlit.

[0136] On the decorative layer 3 with the lasered and exposed areas 41 and 42 comes a connecting layer 26, which again contains adhesive,

[0137] Protective lacquer layer and / or primer. After applying the bonding layer 26 to the lasered decorative layer 3, the laminated body 1 is bonded to the molded body 20. The size of the areas 41 and 42 exposed by laser 40 is variable, depending on the application, but in the embodiment shown in Figure 12, after installation, it can no longer be changed without removing the laminated body 1.

[0138] The composite 31 of layered body 1 and shaped body 20 according to Figure 13 differs from the composite 30 of Figure 11 in that the lasered decorative layer 3 with exposed areas 41 and 42 directly adjoins the shaped body 20 via a connecting layer 26 lying thereon and cannot be written on in the composite by laser irradiation 40.

[0139] Figure 14 shows a composite 32 that differs from the two previously shown composites 30 and 31 in Figures 11 and 13 in that the non-translucent frame element 27 of the molded body 20, which separates the translucently transparent region 21 from the non-transparent, non-translucent region 22, is arranged externally on the surface 25 of the molded body 20. Otherwise, the structure according to Figure 14 corresponds to that known from Figure 11.

[0140] Finally, Figure 15 shows the composite 33, which in terms of the structure of the molded body 20 corresponds to that of Figure 14, but below it shows the composite according to Figure 13, with the laser inscription of the decorative layer 3 of the layered body 1 carried out before installation.

[0141] After the composite 30, 31, 32 and 33 has been formed, various downstream process steps, such as overcoating, can be carried out until the product is finished. For example, further components, which can be optical, electrical and / or mechanical components, are provided adjacent to the laminated body. The electrically conductive functional layer preferably has contacts and / or connectors, which are not necessarily designed to be translucent. Figure 16 shows a structure corresponding to Figure 15, i.e. with the frame element 27 on the outside of the composite made up of laminated body 1 and molded body 20, with the difference from Figure 15 that the laminated body 1 is pressed against the molded body 20 by means of mechanical pressure by the two snap hooks with locking lugs 28.For this purpose, the laminated body 1 is applied to one or more light wells 54, which are fixed to the electronic circuit board 53, by means of an adhesive and / or primer system, for example, comprising the bonding layer 26. The electronic circuit board 53 is in turn mechanically connected to the film body 20 via locking lugs and snap hooks 28. The upper part of Figure 16 again shows the composite of the molded body 20 and the laminated body 1. The lower part of Figure 16 shows the two variants: the large-area application of the bonding layer 26 and, below, the region-specific application of the bonding layer 26.

[0142] The connecting layer 26, which is in particular an adhesive and / or primer layer, can be applied to the laminated body 1 over the entire surface or only partially, i.e. completely or only in certain areas, e.g. in the areas adjacent to the light shaft 54, as shown in the lower area of ​​Figure 16.

[0143] Figure 17 - upper illustration of a composite 31 corresponding to Figure 13 - shows the principle of the connection as in Figure 16, in particular by mechanical means such as the snap hook with locking lugs 28. Here, the layered element 1 is again coupled to the light shafts 54 via adhesive bonding to the electronic circuit board 53, which, via mechanical fixation with the molded body 20, forms the composite of molded body 20, light source 50, and layered body 1. The light source 50 here comprises, for example, two LEDs 51, 52, the electronic circuit board 53, and the light shafts 54. The layered body 1 comprises, as shown in Figure 6, at least one decorative layer 3, a laser protection layer 4, and an electrically conductive functional layer 2.The molded body 20 comprises a translucent region 21, a non-translucent region 22, a frame element 27, a flexible film element 23, for example, as part of the molded body 20, a rigid plastic component 24, which provides the surface 25 towards the user and, in the presently shown embodiment, also either the locking lugs or the snap hooks 28 for forming the mechanical mounting of the electronic circuit board 53, which is equipped with, among other things, the layered body 1, on the molded body 20.

[0144] The connecting layer 26 for connecting the electronic circuit board 53 to the laminated body 1, for example an adhesive and / or primer layer, on the laminated body 1, can again be applied over the entire surface or only partially - in particular on the areas of the light shafts 54.

[0145] Figure 18 shows a further embodiment according to Figure 13, in which the primer Z-adhesive layer is laser-structured together with the decorative layer. As a result, the exposed regions 61 and 62 extend vertically over several layers, in contrast to the regions 41 and 42 of Figures 10 to 17, which extend vertically, i.e., in the z-direction, only through the decorative layer 3.

[0146] Figure 19 shows a further embodiment of Figure 15 in which the primer adhesive layer is laser-structured together with the decorative layer. As a result, the exposed areas 41 and 42 extend vertically over several layers.

[0147] Each of the layers 2 shown and the laser protection layer 4 can in turn be present in several layers or plies.

[0148] Below the electrical functional layer 2, one or more carrier layers and / or one or more protective layers can be provided for constructing the electrical function of the laminated body. The construction of a laminated body with an electrically conductive functional layer without a laser protection layer and decorative layer according to the present invention is known, for example, from other publications by the applicant, such as WO 2012 / 048840 and WO 2015 / 104295.

[0149] An adhesive may be provided between the layers of the composite body and above and / or below the laser protection layer.

[0150] Carrier layers can have layer thicknesses in the range of 50pm to 250pm, in particular in the range of 60pm to 90pm.

[0151] Adhesive layers can, for example, have layer thicknesses in the range from 1 pm to 250 pm, in particular from 5 pm to 100 pm.

[0152] It is possible to focus the laser beam for performing process step d) using one or more lenses. In particular, lenses with a focal length between 35 mm and 800 mm, preferably between 200 mm and 500 mm, more preferably 254 mm, can be used.

[0153] It is further preferred if a laser, in particular a fiber laser, is used in step d), wherein the laser emits coherent light, preferably from the visible or infrared range, preferably from the near infrared range, more preferably light from the wavelength range between 780 nm and 1400 nm, even more preferably light of the wavelength 1064 nm.

[0154] Preferably, in step d), the laser power is between 0.05 W and 1000 W, preferably between 1 W and 500 W, more preferably between 5 W and 200 W. It is expedient if, in step d), the laser beam is directed along the one or more first regions by means of deflectable mirrors, in particular by means of a laser scanning module.

[0155] According to a further embodiment of the invention, the laser is operated at a writing speed of maximum 80,000 mm / s, preferably at a writing speed between 500 mm / s and 10,000 mm / s, and / or the laser is operated at a pulse frequency between 1 Hz and 10,000 kHz, preferably between 1 kHz and 1,000 kHz.

[0156] However, it is also possible for the laser to operate continuously.

[0157] “In this case, transilluminable means in particular a high transmission, e.g. of 70% or more, in the wavelength range from 380nm to 1400nm.

[0158] “Translucency” also means a high transmission in the wavelength range from 380nm to 1400nm, which is not perceived by the viewer as image-preserving, but as milky-cloudy.

[0159] Transilluminable layers can also be described as diffuse, semitransparent, non-image-preserving, scattering, and / or having a high haze value. For example, these layers in particular have a haze value of at least 30 haze units and / or they are described as having a low clarity value, i.e., a clarity value different from 100%, preferably less than 98%, especially less than 95%, and most preferably less than 90%.

[0160] "Transparent," on the other hand, describes a layer with high transmission in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 1400 nm, which is clear and preferably also image-preserving. "Opaque," on the other hand, describes layers with low transmission but high absorption in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 1400 nm.

[0161] The invention makes it possible for the first time to easily customize prefabricated laminates with functionality such as the button functionality of a touch sensor. This is achieved by supplementing a functional laminate with a laser protection layer between the electrical functional layer and a decorative layer, which can be lasered using simple techniques.

[0162] List of reference symbols

[0163] 1 layered body

[0164] 2 electrical functional layer

[0165] 3 decorative layer

[0166] 4 Laser protection layer

[0167] 7 Connecting material

[0168] 10 transparent foil

[0169] 11 transparent substrate and / or carrier film

[0170] 12 Coating with scattering centers

[0171] 13 supporting layer

[0172] 14 superficial structuring

[0173] 20 molded bodies

[0174] 21 translucent area of ​​the molded body 20

[0175] 22 non-translucent area of ​​the molded body 20

[0176] 23 Part of the molded body 20, e.g. foil element

[0177] 24 Part of the molded body 20, e.g. plastic component

[0178] 25 User-facing surface of the molded body 20

[0179] 26 Bonding layer, e.g. adhesive and / or primer

[0180] 27 non-translucent frame element

[0181] 28 locking lugs with snap hooks

[0182] 30 Example 1 Composite of laminated body and molded body

[0183] 31 Example 2 Composite of laminated body and molded body

[0184] 32 Example 3 Composite of laminated body and molded body

[0185] 33 Example 4 Composite of laminated body and molded body

[0186] 40 laser beam

[0187] 41 exposed area of ​​the decorative layer 3 42 exposed area of ​​the decorative layer 3

[0188] 43 Direction of movement of the laser beam 40

[0189] 50 light source

[0190] 51 LED

[0191] 52 LED

[0192] 53 Electronic board with LEDs

[0193] 54 light shaft

[0194] 61 exposed area of ​​the decorative layer 3 and the connecting layer 26

[0195] 62 exposed area of ​​the decorative layer 3 and the connecting layer 26

Claims

Patent claims 1. Layered body (1) comprising at least one electrically conductive functional layer (2), a decorative layer (3) and a translucent laser protection layer (4), wherein the laser protection layer (4) is arranged between the decorative layer (3) and the electrically conductive functional layer (2) such that it borders the electrically conductive functional layer (2) without an intervening paint layer.

2. Layer body (1 ) according to claim 1 , wherein the laser protection layer (4) is an optical scattering and / or diffuser layer.

3. Layer body according to one of the preceding claims 1 or 2, wherein the laser protection layer (4) comprises light-scattering particles.

4. Layered body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the laser protection layer (4) has pores.

5. Layer body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the laser protection layer (4) has a layer thickness between 0.5 and 500pm, preferably between 1pm and 150pm.

6. Layer body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the laser protection layer (4) prevents transmission, in particular in the wavelength range from 380nm to 1400nm, of at least 25%, preferably of at least 75%, more preferably of at least 85%.

7. Layer body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the translucent laser protection layer (4) deflects more than 30%, preferably more than 45%, further preferably more than 65%, of the transmitted light, in particular from the wavelength range between 380nm and 1400nm, by more than 2.5° from the direction of the incident light beam.

8. Layer body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the translucent laser protective layer (4) is colored, in particular, that the translucent laser protective layer (4) is colored by means of dyes and / or color pigments, wherein the degree of pigmentation of the translucent laser protective layer (4) is preferably less than 15%, more preferably less than 10%, more preferably less than 5%.

9. Layer body according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the translucent laser protection layer (4) is a layer of a carbon-based polymeric matrix material with embedded particles and / or pores.

10. Layered body according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the matrix material comprises monomers, oligomers, polymers and / or copolymers, preferably compounds such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyetherimide (PEI), polyacrylate, polyester (PE), polycarbonate (PC), Polyamide (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyimide (PI), polyurethane (PU), polysulfone, in particular poly(arylethersulfone) PAES and / or polyvinyl chloride (PVC), each individually and / or in any mixtures, combinations and / or blends.

11. Layer body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the decorative layer (3) is at least partially opaque and / or the decorative layer (3) has a transmission, particularly in the wavelength range between 300 nm and 1800 nm, particularly between 500 nm and 1400 nm, particularly between 380 nm and 780 nm, of a maximum of 50%, preferably of a maximum of 20%, more preferably of a maximum of 5%.

12. Layer body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the decorative layer (3) has a layer thickness between 0.1 pm and 50 pm, preferably between 0.3 pm and 30 pm.

13. Layered body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the decorative layer (3) is multilayered, in particular that the decorative layer (3) is formed from two or more sublayers, wherein the two or more sublayers preferably each have a layer thickness between 0.1 pm and 50 pm, more preferably between 0.3 pm and 30 pm.

14. Layered body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one decorative layer (3) is colored, in particular that the at least one decorative layer (3) is colored by means of dyes and / or color pigments, wherein the degree of pigmentation of the at least one decorative layer is preferably between 5% and 35%, preferably between 20% and 25%.

15. Layered body according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one decorative layer (3) is a monomer, oligomer and / or polymer, in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), acrylate, Polyamide (PA), and / or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS), each present individually and / or in any mixtures, combinations and / or blends.

16. Layered body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one decorative layer (3) is a graphite and / or metal layer, in particular an optically dense metal layer.

17. Layered body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one decorative layer (3) comprises a polymeric matrix material with fillers.

18. Layered body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one electrical functional layer (2) has conductive, non-transparent traces with a thickness in the range of 2 nm to 5 pm, arranged parallel to the surface of a transparent carrier forming a pattern such that a conductor spacing is realized in the pattern which ensures planar conductivity of the electrical functional layer while maintaining transparency to the human eye.

19. Layered body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one electrical functional layer (2) is an electrode layer.

20. Layered body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one electrical functional layer (2) comprises electrically conductive functional material on and / or in a carrier layer.

21. Layered body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one electrical functional layer (2) comprises thin metal layers, in particular of silver, copper, aluminum, gold, nickel, and any alloys thereof, conductive silver, nanosilver, carbon-based conductive Materials, such as in particular carbon black, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), silver nanowires (AgNWs), conductive oxide layers, in particular indium tin oxide (ITO), conductive polymers, in particular PEDOT:PSS, alone or in any mixtures and / or combinations on and / or under a substrate layer and / or embedded in a substrate layer, are included.

22. Layered body according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one electrical functional layer (2) comprises at least one touch sensor field, which in particular comprises at least one keypad functionality and / or at least one slider function and / or at least one rotary knob function.

23. Combination of the layered body (1) with a shaped body (20), wherein the layered body (1) is arranged between a light source (50) and the surface (25) of the shaped body (20) facing the viewer.

24. Composite according to claim 23, wherein the decorative layer (3) of the layer body (1) forms the layer of the layer body (1) adjacent to the shaped body (20).

25. Composite according to claim 23, wherein the electrically conductive functional layer (2) of the layer body (1) forms the layer of the layer body (1) adjacent to the shaped body (20).

26. A method for producing a layered body comprising at least one electrically conductive functional layer, at least one decorative layer and at least one laser protection layer, wherein the laser protection layer is arranged between the decorative layer and the electrically conductive functional layer and the method comprises the following steps, which are carried out in particular in the following order: a) Providing an electrically conductive functional layer; b) Applying at least one translucent laser protection layer, in particular by means of printing, coating, laminating, embossing and / or mounting processes and / or by means of physical gas phase deposition, without an intermediate paint layer adjacent to the electrically conductive functional layer; c) Applying at least one decorative layer, in particular by means of printing, coating, laminating, embossing and / or mounting processes and / or by means of physical gas phase deposition, to the laser protection layer; and d) Removing one or more areas of the decorative layer by means of a laser.

27. Method according to claim 26, wherein the method step d) of removing one or more areas of the decoration layer (3) is partially carried out by means of a laser.

28. Method according to one of claims 26 or 27, wherein in step d) a laser, in particular a fiber laser, is used which emits coherent light, preferably from the visible or infrared range, preferably from the near infrared range, more preferably light from the wavelength range between 380nm and 1400nm, and even more preferably light of wavelength 1064nm.

29. Method according to any one of claims 26 to 28, wherein in step d) at least one area to be removed represents a logo and / or a pattern and / or a symbol and / or an alphanumeric character.

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