VACUUM CUTTING MACHINE

Abstract

The invention relates to a vacuum circuit breaker comprising a movable terminal (200). The movable terminal (200) comprises a stationary conductive part (210) and a movable conductive part (220). The movable conductive part (220) is configured to move in an adjustable manner toward the stationary conductive part (210) and to make contact with the stationary conductive part (210) to perform the closing operation of the vacuum circuit breaker; the movable terminal (200) also comprises a buffer and energy absorbing apparatus which comprises a movable part (250), the movable part (250) is connected in a movable manner to the stationary conductive part (210), and the buffer and energy absorbing apparatus is configured to absorb the impact energy generated when the stationary conductive part (210) makes contact with the movable conductive part (220). Thanks to this design, the invention uses a movable junction between the movable part (250) and the static conductive part (210) to perform a buffering function, thereby absorbing and dissipating excess energy generated by the closing operation and transmitting it to the static conductive part (210).

Description

vacuum circuit breaker

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This disclosure claims priority based on Chinese application No. 202311139927.9 filed on September 5, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of electric control devices, and in particular to a vacuum circuit breaker. Background Art

[0004] In today's world, major changes unseen in a century are accelerating. Climate change and turbulent situations have brought severe challenges to the survival and development of all mankind. The global energy industry chain and supply chain have suffered severe impacts, international energy prices have fluctuated at a high level, the energy supply and demand landscape has undergone profound adjustments, and a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial revolution has been in-depth development. The safe, efficient, green and low-carbon transformation of energy and power systems and digital and intelligent technological innovation have become global development trends.

[0005] At present, the new power system that my country is comprehensively advocating and vigorously developing is based on the basic premise of ensuring energy and power security, the primary goal of meeting the power demand for high-quality economic and social development, the main task of building a high-proportion new energy supply and consumption system, the strong support of multi-directional coordination and flexible interaction of source, grid, load and storage, the hub platform of strong, intelligent and flexible power grid, and the basic guarantee of technological innovation and institutional mechanism innovation. This new era power system is an important component of the new energy system and a key carrier for achieving the "dual carbon" goal.

[0006] The core goal of building a new power system is clean and low-carbon. In the new power system, non-fossil energy power generation will gradually become the main body of installed capacity and electricity. Various clean energy sources such as nuclear, hydro, wind, light, and storage will develop synergistically and complementary. While the proportion of fossil energy power generation installed capacity and power generation will decline, under the guidance of new low-carbon, zero-carbon, and negative carbon technologies, the total carbon emissions of the power system will gradually reach the "dual carbon" target requirements.

[0007] The current application of new energy technologies in the power sector has promoted the development of renewable energy, maintaining a rapid growth trend in installed capacity and power generation from renewable energy. However, the future large-scale grid integration of wind and solar power will pose significant challenges to the current grid's operational safety, regulation capabilities, and power quality, highlighting prominent issues that urgently need to be addressed through technological development and innovation. In the new power system, renewable energy will gradually become the primary power source of the system by improving its reliable support capabilities. Large power sources, large grids, and distributed power systems will coexist, and multiple grid configurations will coexist. Furthermore, in the new power system, flexible generation technologies for different types of units, flexible energy storage technologies for different timescales and scales, and flexible AC and DC transmission technologies will be widely adopted, making the backbone grid more flexible and capable of supporting the integration of a high proportion of renewable energy into the system and external transmission and consumption.

[0008] Switchgear, including circuit breakers, is a critical component of power system control and protection. The new power system, while evolving from conventional systems, possesses fundamentally different characteristics. Equipment manufacturing has largely replaced resource-based systems, placing higher demands on transmission and consumption switchgear, necessitating more breakthrough technologies.

[0009] However, during the closing and opening processes of existing vacuum circuit breakers, the operating mechanism transmits motion and force to the main circuit's moving conductive components. This creates collisions, transferring force and energy between the moving and static conductive components. This causes repeated oscillations between the moving and static conductive components during the closing process, manifesting electrically as a "bouncing" phenomenon during closing and opening of the circuit, known as closing bounce or opening rebound. Furthermore, the enclosed poles of existing vacuum circuit breakers lack heat dissipation design, resulting in poor heat dissipation. Heat accumulates within the enclosed poles, causing temperature abnormalities, which can adversely affect the accuracy of the vacuum circuit breaker's operation and shorten its lifespan.

[0010] Summary of the Invention

[0011] A main purpose of the present disclosure is to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide a vacuum circuit breaker that can provide a buffering function for closing action.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:

[0013] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a vacuum circuit breaker is provided, comprising a sealed pole, wherein the sealed pole comprises a static conductive portion and a dynamic conductive portion, wherein the dynamic conductive portion is configured to be adjustably moved toward the static conductive portion and contact the static conductive portion to achieve a closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker; wherein the sealed pole further comprises a buffer energy absorption mechanism, wherein the buffer energy absorption mechanism comprises a movable part, wherein the movable part is movably connected to the static conductive portion, and the buffer energy absorption mechanism is used to absorb impact energy generated when the static conductive portion contacts the dynamic conductive portion.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein: the movable part is provided with a through hole along the vertical direction; the buffer energy absorption mechanism also includes at least one elastic connection component, the elastic connection component includes a connecting part and an elastic part; the connecting part has a limiting cap and a connecting rod, the outer diameter of the limiting cap is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod, the connecting rod is partially passed through the through hole, the end of the connecting rod facing away from the static conductive part extends out of the through hole and is connected to the limiting cap, and the end of the connecting rod facing the static conductive part extends out of the through hole and is connected to the static conductive part; the elastic part is connected between the limiting cap and the top opening of the through hole; wherein, the movable part is movably connected to the static conductive part via the elastic connection component.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the movable part is a heat sink, and the heat sink is located on a side of the static conductive part facing away from the dynamic conductive part.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the movable part is a radiator, which includes a heat sink and a plurality of heat sink fins; the heat sink is located on the side of the static conductive part facing away from the dynamic conductive part and is movably connected to the static conductive part, and the through hole is provided on the heat sink; and the plurality of heat sinks are provided on the heat sink.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plane where the top surface of the static conductive part is located is used as a reference plane, and on the reference plane, the orthographic projection of the heat sink covers the entire area of ​​the top surface of the static conductive part.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an upper outlet seat is protruding from the side surface of the top of the static conductive part; wherein the heat sink is provided with an avoidance gap corresponding to the position of the upper outlet seat for avoiding the upper outlet seat.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the adjacent heat sink fins and the top surface of the heat sink seat jointly form a receiving groove, and the portion of the elastic connection component located on the side of the through hole facing away from the static conductive component is accommodated in the receiving groove and does not extend out of the top of the heat sink fin.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the accommodating groove, so that the portion of the bottom of the accommodating groove where the through hole is not provided is formed with a step surface; wherein the elastic member is connected between the limiting cap and the step surface.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the movable part is made of a heat-conducting material; and / or an insulating layer is provided on the surface of the movable part.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the buffering energy-absorbing mechanism includes at least two elastic connection components, and the at least two elastic connection components are arranged at intervals.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the buffering energy absorption mechanism includes at least three elastic connection components; wherein, taking the plane where the top surface of the static conductive part is located as the reference plane, on the reference plane, the orthographic projections of at least three elastic connection components are respectively arranged at the end points of a regular polygon path, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is equal to the number of the elastic connection components.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the elastic connection assembly further includes a washer; the washer is sleeved on the connecting rod and located at the bottom of the limiting cap, and the elastic member is connected between the bottom surface of the washer and the top opening of the through hole.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, the elastic connection assembly also includes a positioning sleeve; the positioning sleeve is partially passed through the through hole, and the end of the positioning sleeve facing away from the static conductive part extends out of the top opening of the through hole and abuts against the bottom surface of the washer to press the washer against the bottom surface of the limiting cap, and the connecting rod is passed through the positioning sleeve.

[0026] From the above technical solutions, it can be seen that the advantages and positive effects of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure are:

[0027] The vacuum circuit breaker proposed in this disclosure incorporates a buffering energy-absorbing mechanism on the static conductive portion. This mechanism includes a movable member movably connected to the static conductive portion, and is used to absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive portion and the dynamic conductive portion come into contact. This design utilizes the movable connection between the movable member and the static conductive portion to achieve a buffering function, thereby absorbing and dissipating excess energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the static conductive portion, mitigating "resonance" and preventing the occurrence of excessive characteristic parameters. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] FIG1 is a schematic perspective structural diagram of a vacuum circuit breaker according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0029] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sealed pole shown in FIG1 ;

[0030] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of FIG2 from a top view;

[0031] FIG4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the embedded pole shown in FIG2 in an unclosed state;

[0032] FIG5 is an enlarged schematic diagram of portion A in FIG4 ;

[0033] FIG6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the embedded pole shown in FIG2 in a closed state;

[0034] FIG7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of portion B in FIG6 ;

[0035] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the travel displacement curve of the closing and opening movement components of the vacuum circuit breaker;

[0036] FIG9 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the elastic member;

[0037] FIG10 is a schematic diagram comparing the closing bounce time of the existing solution and the present disclosure;

[0038] FIG11 is a schematic diagram comparing the closing overshoot of the existing solution and the present disclosure;

[0039] FIG12 is a schematic diagram comparing the overshoot and rebound of the tripping operation between the prior art solution and the present invention.

[0040] Among them, the figure numbers are explained as follows: 100. Base; 200. Sealed pole; 210. Static conductive part; 211. Upper outlet seat; 220. Dynamic conductive part; 230. Arc extinguishing chamber; 240. Bellows; 250. Movable part; 2501. Through hole; 2502. Accommodating groove; 2503. Avoidance gap; 2504. Step surface; 251. Heat sink; 260. Elastic connecting component; 261. Connecting part; 2611. Limiting cap; 2612. Connecting rod; 262. Elastic part; 263. Positioning sleeve; 264. Washer; 300. Operation panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the figures represent like or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted.

[0042] Referring to Figure 1, a representative perspective view of the vacuum circuit breaker disclosed herein is shown. In this exemplary embodiment, the vacuum circuit breaker disclosed herein is described using a medium-voltage circuit breaker as an example. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications, additions, substitutions, deletions, or other variations may be made to the following specific embodiments to apply the relevant designs of this disclosure to other types of circuit breaker equipment. These variations remain within the scope of the principles of the vacuum circuit breaker disclosed herein.

[0043] As shown in FIG1 , in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in the present disclosure includes a base 100, a sealed pole 200, and an operating panel 300. The sealed pole 200 is arranged on the base 100, and the number of the sealed poles 200 is not limited to three as shown in the figure. The operating panel 300 is arranged on the base 100 and is located on the side of the sealed pole 200. The sealed pole 200 includes a static conductive part 210, a dynamic conductive part 220, an arc extinguishing chamber 230, and a bellows 240. The static conductive part 210 and the dynamic conductive part 220 are partially located in the arc extinguishing chamber 230, and the bellows 240 is arranged at the lower end of the dynamic conductive part 220. The static conductive part 210 may include a static contact, a static conductive rod, and a static terminal structure. The dynamic conductive part 220 may include a dynamic contact, a dynamic conductive rod, and a dynamic terminal structure. With reference to Figures 2 to 7, Figure 2 is a representative schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the embedded pole 200; Figure 3 is a representative schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a portion of the structure of the embedded pole 200 from a top view; Figure 4 is a representative schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the embedded pole 200 in an unclosed state; Figure 5 is a representative enlarged schematic diagram of portion A in Figure 4; Figure 6 is a representative schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the embedded pole 200 in a closed state; and Figure 7 is a representative enlarged schematic diagram of portion B in Figure 6. The following will describe in detail the structure, connection method, and functional relationship of the main components of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in the present disclosure in conjunction with the above-mentioned figures.

[0044] As shown in Figures 1 to 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the static conductive part 210 is arranged above the dynamic conductive part 220, and the dynamic conductive part 220 can be adjusted to move toward the static conductive part 210 and contact the static conductive part 210 to achieve the closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker. Among them, the sealed pole 200 also includes a buffer energy absorption mechanism, which includes a movable part 250. The movable part 250 is located on the side of the static conductive part 210 facing away from the dynamic conductive part 220, and the movable part 250 is movably connected to the static conductive part 210. Accordingly, the buffer energy absorption mechanism can absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive part 210 contacts the dynamic conductive part 220, and use the movable part 250 to dissipate heat. Through the above design, the present disclosure utilizes the movable connection design of the movable part 250 and the static conductive part 210 to achieve a buffering function, thereby absorbing and consuming the excess energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the static conductive part 210, alleviating "resonance" and avoiding the problem of exceeding the characteristic parameters. Furthermore, in order to solve the "resonance" problem, compared with the existing solution that adopts the correlation design of the various components of the vacuum circuit breaker itself based on complex formula calculations, the present disclosure directly utilizes the original heat dissipation structure without affecting the original design parameters of the various components of the vacuum circuit breaker (such as the static conductive part 210, the dynamic conductive part 220, etc.), changes its fixing method, introduces an elastomer to give it freedom, that is, adopts a "non-embedded" buffer energy absorption mechanism to achieve heat dissipation and buffering functions at the same time, that is, does not change the original motion chain, nor does it change the insulation performance and heat dissipation performance of the original whole system.

[0045] As shown in Figures 4 to 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the movable member 250 is provided with a through hole 2501 along the vertical direction. The buffering energy absorption mechanism further includes at least one elastic connecting component 260, each elastic connecting component 260 including a connecting member 261 and an elastic member 262. Specifically, the connecting member 261 has a limiting cap 2611 and a connecting rod 2612, the outer diameter of the limiting cap 2611 is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod 2612, and the connecting rod 2612 is partially passed through the through hole 2501. The upper end of the connecting rod 2612 (i.e., the end of the connecting rod 2612 facing away from the static conductive part 210) extends out of the through hole 2501 and is connected to the limiting cap 2611, and the lower end of the connecting rod 2612 (i.e., the end of the connecting rod 2612 facing the static conductive part 210) extends out of the through hole 2501 and is connected to the static conductive part 210. The elastic member 262 is connected between the stop cap 2611 and the top opening of the through hole 2501. Based on this, the movable member 250 is movably connected to the static conductive portion 210 via the elastic connection assembly 260. When the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic member 262 is in a compressed state. Through the above design, the present disclosure utilizes the elastic member 262 for elastic connection, thereby achieving a design in which the movable member 250 is supported on the static conductive portion 210 and movably connected to the static conductive portion 210 via the connection member 261 and the elastic member 262.

[0046] Specifically, because the heat dissipation buffer assembly of the present disclosure uses an elastic member 262, the heat dissipation buffer assembly has a degree of freedom, which exists between the movable member 250 and the static conductive portion 210. Accordingly, in the initial state, that is, when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic member 262 is in a compressed state. Under the action of the pre-compression force F0, the elastic member 262 can maintain pressure on the movable member 250, so that the movable member 250 and the static conductive portion 210 are in reliable contact. During the operation of the vacuum circuit breaker, taking the closing operation as an example: the operating mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker transmits motion and force to the movable conductive portion 220, so that the movable conductive portion 220 has a certain speed and moves toward the static conductive portion 210 until the two contact each other. At the moment of collision, since the movable member 250 and the static conductive portion 210 have no direct connection, the movable member 250 will produce a slight upward movement (for example, the upward movement distance L of the movable member 250 relative to the static conductive portion 210 shown in Figure 7) or it can be understood as an upward movement trend. During the contact process between the dynamic conductive part 220 and the static conductive part 210, the dynamic conductive part 220 and the static conductive part 210 "collide". Due to the use of a buffering energy-absorbing mechanism, the energy of the above collision will be transmitted to the movable part 250 and the buffering energy-absorbing mechanism through the static conductive part 210. The movable part 250 obtains initial energy. Under the action of the elastic part 262, oscillation and collision will occur between the movable part 250 and the static conductive part 210. Finally, the excess energy will be completely absorbed and consumed through several collisions and frictions.

[0047] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the movable member 250 can be a heat sink, which is disposed on the side of the static conductive portion 210 facing away from the dynamic conductive portion 220. Through the above design, the present disclosure can utilize the heat sink to simultaneously achieve buffering and energy absorption functions and heat dissipation functions.

[0048] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the radiator may include a heat sink 251 and a plurality of heat dissipation fins. The heat sink 251 is located on the side of the static conductive part 210 facing away from the dynamic conductive part 220 and is movably connected to the static conductive part 210. For example, the heat sink 251 can be movably connected to the static conductive part 210 via the above-mentioned connecting member 261 and the elastic member 262, and the above-mentioned through hole 2501 can be provided on the heat sink 251. A plurality of heat dissipation fins are provided on the heat sink 251. Through the above-mentioned design, the present disclosure can utilize the heat sink 251 to realize the arrangement of the heat dissipation buffer assembly, and at the same time can utilize a plurality of heat dissipation fins to increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the radiator, thereby further improving the heat dissipation performance of the vacuum circuit breaker. In some embodiments, the radiator may also adopt other heat dissipation structures, such as a coil-shaped heat dissipation structure, a porous heat dissipation structure, etc., and is not limited to the present embodiment.

[0049] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the plane on which the top surface of the static conductive part 210 is located is used as the reference plane. On this reference plane, the orthographic projection of the heat sink 251 covers the entire area of ​​the top surface of the static conductive part 210. It should be noted that the static conductive part 210 shown in the drawings is provided with an upper outlet seat 211 on one side, and the orthographic projection of the heat sink 251 does not completely cover the upper outlet seat 211. It should be understood that since the main part of the static conductive part 210 (i.e., the other parts except the upper outlet seat 211) is the main heat-generating structure, the entire area in the above description can be understood as the main part of the static conductive part 210. Through the above design, the present disclosure can further improve the heat transfer between the radiator and the static conductive part 210, thereby further improving the heat dissipation performance of the vacuum circuit breaker. In some embodiments, on the above reference plane, the orthographic projection of the heat sink 251 can also cover the upper outlet seat 211 at the same time, and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0050] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, based on the design that the orthographic projection of the heat sink 251 covers the entire area of ​​the top surface of the static conductive part 210, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, an upper outlet seat 211 is protruded from the side surface of the top of the static conductive part 210. On this basis, the radiator can be provided with an avoidance notch 2503 at the position corresponding to the upper outlet seat 211. The opening of the avoidance notch 2503 faces downward, and the avoidance notch 2503 can be used to avoid the upper outlet seat 211. Through the above design, while ensuring a better heat dissipation effect, the present disclosure can avoid structural interference between the radiator and the upper outlet seat 211, further improving the structural rationality of the vacuum circuit breaker.

[0051] As shown in Figures 3 to 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, adjacent heat dissipation fins and the top surface of the heat sink 251 jointly form a receiving groove 2502. On this basis, the top opening of the through hole 2501 can be located at the bottom of the receiving groove 2502, and the portion of the elastic connection component 260 located above the through hole 2501 (i.e., the side of the through hole 2501 facing away from the static conductive portion 210) (such as the elastic member 262, the limiting cap 2611 of the connection member 261 and part of the connecting rod 2612, which may also include the gasket and part of the positioning sleeve described below) is accommodated in the receiving groove 2502 without extending over the top of the heat dissipation fins. Through the above design, the present disclosure can utilize the receiving groove 2502 to accommodate the above structure of the elastic connection component 260, thereby preventing the elastic connection component 260 from extending over the top of the overall structure of the sealed pole 200, further optimizing the structural integrity of the vacuum circuit breaker and reducing space occupancy.

[0052] As shown in Figures 5 and 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole 2501 can be smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the accommodating groove 2502, so that the portion of the bottom of the accommodating groove 2502 where the through hole 2501 is not provided is formed with a stepped surface 2504. On this basis, the end of the elastic member 262 so-called "connected to the top opening of the through hole 2501" can specifically be connected to the stepped surface 2504. Through the above design, the present disclosure can further facilitate the arrangement of the elastic member 262 and optimize the force applied to the elastic member 262, thereby utilizing the elastic deformation of the elastic member 262 to store surplus energy, and through repeated oscillation, more fully absorb and consume the collision energy between the dynamic conductive portion 220 and the static conductive portion 210.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the material of the movable part 250 can be a thermally conductive material, and the thermally conductive material can be, for example, but not limited to, a metal material. Accordingly, since the material of the movable part 250 is a thermally conductive material and is in contact with the static conductive part 210, the present disclosure can increase the heat transfer between the static conductive part 210 and the movable part 250, thereby utilizing the movable part 250 to achieve heat dissipation, further improving the heat dissipation performance of the vacuum circuit breaker, and ensuring that the temperature rise performance of the vacuum circuit breaker during normal operation meets the product use requirements. In some embodiments, the thermally conductive material can also be other non-metallic materials, which can be thermally conductive materials with insulating properties. In this case, the movable part 250 can provide heat dissipation and also ensure insulation performance.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, an insulating layer may be provided on the surface of the movable member 250. Accordingly, the present disclosure can utilize the insulating layer to further improve the insulation performance.

[0055] As shown in Figures 4 to 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the buffering energy-absorbing mechanism may include two elastic connection components 260, which are spaced apart. Through this design, the present disclosure utilizes two elastic connection components 260 to provide a more uniform buffering energy-absorbing effect, optimize the stress state, and enhance the overall stability of the structure. In some embodiments, the buffering energy-absorbing mechanism may include only one elastic connection component 260, or may include three or more elastic connection components 260 spaced apart, and the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.

[0056] For example, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the buffering energy-absorbing mechanism may include four elastic connecting components 260, two of which can be seen in the cross-sectional structures shown in the above-mentioned figures. Specifically, with the plane on which the top surface of the static conductive portion 210 lies as a reference plane, on this reference plane, the orthographic projections of the four elastic connecting components 260 are arranged at the four endpoints of a square path, that is, the four elastic connecting components 260 are arranged at the endpoints of a regular polygon path with the same number of sides as the elastic connecting components 260. Through the above design, the present disclosure can utilize multiple elastic connecting components 260 to ensure a more uniform buffering energy-absorbing effect provided by the buffering energy-absorbing mechanism, optimize the stress state, and enhance the overall stability of the structure. In some embodiments, the buffering energy-absorbing mechanism may also include three, five, or more elastic connecting components 260, with the orthographic projections of these elastic connecting components 260 being arranged at the endpoints of a regular polygon path with the same number of sides as the elastic connecting components 260. Of course, the buffering energy-absorbing mechanism may also include only one or two elastic connecting components 260, and is not limited to this embodiment.

[0057] As shown in Figures 5 and 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, each elastic connection assembly 260 may further include a washer 264. Specifically, the washer 264 is sleeved onto the connecting rod 2612 of the connector 261 and is located at the bottom of the limiting cap 2611. The elastic member 262 is connected between the bottom surface of the washer 264 and the top opening of the through hole 2501. Accordingly, since the elastic member 262 is in a compressed state when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, under the action of the pre-compression force F0, the elastic member 262 presses the washer 264 against the bottom surface of the limiting cap 2611. Through the above design, the present disclosure can utilize the washer 264 to connect the elastic member 262, avoiding the difficulty of assembling the elastic member 262 due to the limiting cap 2611 of the connector 261 being too small. In some embodiments, the elastic member 262 can also be directly connected to the bottom surface of the limiting cap 2611, which is not limited to this embodiment.

[0058] As shown in Figures 5 and 7, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, each elastic connection assembly 260 may further include a positioning sleeve 263. Specifically, the positioning sleeve 263 is partially inserted into the through hole 2501 of the movable member 250. The upper end of the positioning sleeve 263 (i.e., the end of the positioning sleeve 263 facing away from the static conductive portion 210) extends out of the top opening of the through hole 2501 and abuts against the bottom surface of the washer 264 to press the washer 264 against the bottom surface of the limiting cap 2611. The connecting rod 2612 is inserted into the positioning sleeve 263. Through the above design, when the vacuum circuit breaker is closed and the impact energy is transmitted to the elastic connection assembly 260, the positioning sleeve 263 can ensure that the gasket 264 will not be displaced up and down, that is, the relative position of the upper end of the elastic member 262 and the static conductive part 210 remains unchanged, so that the surplus energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the static conductive part 210 can be completely absorbed and consumed through multiple oscillation collisions and frictions performed by the buffer energy absorption mechanism on the above degrees of freedom, and at the same time, the structural stability of the vacuum circuit breaker can be improved.

[0059] Based on the above detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, one of the theoretical foundations of the design concept of the present disclosure will be briefly introduced below.

[0060] First, in the design process of the vacuum circuit breaker described in the present disclosure, the design idea adopted is still limited to "using the correlation design of the various components of the vacuum circuit breaker itself based on complex formula calculations". Specifically, this existing idea includes: optimizing the design during the design stage of each component of the circuit breaker, such as optimizing the design of the contact spring pre-compression force and the closing spring force value of the operating mechanism, selecting appropriate contact materials and structural forms, changing the motion mass, etc. Among them, the above-mentioned design method includes analyzing multiple influencing factors such as "the initial pressure of the closing contact and the closing speed affecting the closing bounce", "the different closing phases affecting the closing bounce", and "other influencing factors". In order to analyze the above-mentioned factors, multiple complex mathematical models such as multi-physical field coupling are designed. In the process of engineering solution, one problem is often solved, and other secondary problems are introduced. Based on this, the engineering solution to "reducing the closing bounce time" is to carry out the correlation design for the functional components of the vacuum circuit breaker itself. This not only changes the original motion chain and dynamic design of the functional components of the vacuum circuit breaker itself, but also, in actual engineering applications, it is difficult to avoid solving the problem of "too long bounce time", thereby bringing about secondary new problems, such as changes in the closing and opening speeds and a reduction in the life of the circuit breaker.

[0061] In contrast, the present invention adopts a "non-embedded" design. Without affecting the original design parameters of the various components of the vacuum circuit breaker, it changes the fastening form of the original structure and introduces an "elastomer" to give the original fixed structure freedom without changing the original transmission chain and dynamic characteristics. During the collision of the moving and static contacts during closing, the excess energy can be absorbed through oscillation.

[0062] Specifically, the "non-embedded" energy buffering and absorption device disclosed herein is designed using modal analysis. Modes are the natural vibration characteristics of a structure, each with a specific natural frequency, damping ratio, and modal shape. Vibration modes are inherent, global characteristics of elastic structures. Modal analysis analyzes the characteristics of each major mode within a certain susceptible frequency range, determining the structure's actual vibration response within this frequency range under the influence of various external or internal vibration sources.

[0063] Any structure has its own vibration modes, which are summarized as follows:

[0064] A structural system theoretically has an infinite number of vibration modes, and the vibrations that contribute most to the structure are typically those at lower frequencies. A vibration mode consists of three important modal parameters: natural frequency, mode shape, and modal damping ratio. By modifying the system's modes—introducing elastic bodies, altering rigid-body modes and elastic modes—the response at specific frequencies can be altered.

[0065] The modal analysis process is as follows: Data Collection and Model Preparation: Collect data on the structure's geometry and material properties. Finite Element Model Creation: Discretize the structure into small elements, defining nodes, material properties, and boundary conditions. Stiffness and Mass Matrices: Based on the structure's geometry and material properties, calculate the stiffness and mass matrices for each element. Global Stiffness and Mass Matrices: Combine the element matrices into a global matrix based on node connectivity. Eigenvalue Problem Solving: Use numerical methods (iterative, Jacobi, or Lanczos methods) to solve the structure's eigenvalue problem. Eigenvalues ​​represent the structure's natural frequencies and mode shapes. Modal Parameter Calculation: Based on the solved eigenvalues, calculate the natural frequencies, periods, and mode shapes for each mode. Modal Analysis Results: Analyze the first several modes of the structure to understand its vibration characteristics. Identify the primary vibration modes. The overall modal of the circuit breaker can ultimately be transformed into a stationary and moving mass block. The closing process is the impact of the moving part on the stationary part, resulting in different vibration characteristics in different modes. Structural design optimization to improve the frequency or response of a specific mode.

[0066] As mentioned above, the present disclosure is based on the results of the above-mentioned modal analysis. Without changing the transmission chain, the corresponding influencing factors are analyzed according to the circuit breakers of different specifications. By introducing a buffer energy absorption mechanism, the overall static mass and stiffness are changed, and by introducing a degree of freedom, excess energy is absorbed, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the bounce time.

[0067] Based on the above detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and a brief introduction to the theoretical basis of the design concept of the present disclosure, the vibration characteristics of the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in the present disclosure and its comparison and differences with existing solutions will be briefly introduced below.

[0068] As shown in Figure 8, the travel displacement curve of the vacuum circuit breaker's moving assembly during closing and opening is L3, where Ua represents the closing and opening signals. L1, L2, and L3 represent the contact closing and opening signals for a three-phase AC circuit breaker, with rising edges indicating closing. The time difference between the point at which the contacts of any phase just close and Ua is called the closing time G or opening time H. The time difference between the moment the contacts just close and the moment they are fully and stably closed for any phase is called the closing bounce time T. The difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​between the three-phase just-closed points is called the closing or opening synchronization. The difference between the highest point B of the moving assembly during closing and its stable closed position H, or "BE," is called the closing overshoot. During closing, the difference E between the position of the just-closed point and the final stable position is called the contact overtravel, which represents the deformation of the contact spring and ensures that the moving and static contacts have sufficient holding force in the closed position.

[0069] As shown in Figure 9, the elastic element of the buffer energy absorption component is a spring, such as a standard helical compression spring, with a free length of A, a total number of turns of N1, and an effective number of turns of N2, respectively. The spring's outer diameter is B, and the spring wire diameter is d. The pre-compression force of the compression spring in the assembled position is F0. F0 is a key parameter for ensuring the energy conversion and absorption device. F0 and other spring parameters vary depending on the specifications of the circuit breaker. When the energy absorption and buffer device has a heat dissipation function, F0 is also an important parameter for ensuring reliable contact and heat dissipation between the heat sink and the static conductive component. Other spring parameters and stiffness have a significant impact on the modal stiffness matrix of the entire system. As shown in Figure 10, Figure 10 shows the closing bounce time (ms) of a conventional circuit breaker and the present invention. The three lines from top to bottom represent the closing signals of phases A, B, and C, respectively. As can be seen, the closing bounce time of the conventional circuit breaker is relatively long, even exceeding the tolerance (greater than 2ms). In contrast, the closing bounce phenomenon of the present invention is effectively eliminated.

[0070] As shown in Figure 11, Figure 11 shows the closing overshoot (mm) of the existing circuit breaker and the present invention. The three lines from top to bottom represent the closing signals of the three phases ABC, respectively. It can be seen that for the existing circuit breaker, the closing overshoot of the product is relatively large, even out of tolerance (greater than 2mm). In contrast, the closing overshoot phenomenon is effectively eliminated in the present invention.

[0071] As shown in Figure 12, Figure 12 shows the overshoot and rebound (mm) of the opening of the conventional circuit breaker and the present invention. It can be seen that compared with the conventional circuit breaker, the amplitude of the opening rebound of the present invention is greatly reduced.

[0072] It should be noted that the vacuum circuit breakers shown in the drawings and described in this specification are only a few examples of the many types of vacuum circuit breakers that can employ the principles of the present disclosure. It should be clearly understood that the principles of the present disclosure are in no way limited to any details of the vacuum circuit breakers shown in the drawings or described in this specification, or to any components of the vacuum circuit breakers.

[0073] In summary, the vacuum circuit breaker proposed in the present disclosure is provided with a buffering energy-absorbing mechanism on the static conductive part 210. The buffering energy-absorbing mechanism includes a movable part 250, which is located on the side of the static conductive part 210 facing away from the dynamic conductive part 220 and is movably connected to the static conductive part 210. The buffering energy-absorbing mechanism is used to absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive part 210 contacts the dynamic conductive part 220, and to dissipate heat using the movable part 250. Through the above design, the present disclosure utilizes the movable connection design between the movable part 250 and the static conductive part 210 to achieve a buffering function, thereby absorbing and consuming the surplus energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the static conductive part 210, alleviating "resonance" and avoiding the problem of exceeding the characteristic parameters. At the same time, the present disclosure utilizes the movable part 250 for heat dissipation, which can improve the heat dissipation performance of the vacuum circuit breaker and ensure that the temperature rise performance of the vacuum circuit breaker during normal operation meets the product use requirements.

[0074] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the static conductive part is arranged above the dynamic conductive part, and the dynamic conductive part can be adjusted to move toward the static conductive part and contact the static conductive part to realize the closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker. Wherein, the sealed pole also includes a buffer energy absorption mechanism, and the buffer energy absorption mechanism includes a first movable part and a second movable part. The first movable part is located on the side of the static conductive part facing away from the dynamic conductive part, that is, the first movable part has no direct connection with the static conductive part. The second movable part is located on the side of the static conductive part facing away from the dynamic conductive part and is movably connected to the static conductive part, and the second movable part is movably connected to the first movable part. On this basis, the buffer energy absorption mechanism can absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive part contacts the dynamic conductive part. Through the above design, the present disclosure utilizes the movable connection design between the first movable member and the static conductive part, and the movable connection design between the second movable member and the first movable member to construct a buffer structure with two degrees of freedom. This allows the buffer function to be realized in the above two degrees of freedom. When the vacuum circuit breaker is closed, the buffer energy absorption mechanism can undergo multiple oscillations, collisions, and frictions in the above two degrees of freedom, thereby completely absorbing and consuming the excess energy generated by the closing action and transmitted to the static conductive part, thereby avoiding "resonance" and thus avoiding the problem of exceeding the characteristic parameters. Furthermore, in order to solve the "resonance" problem, compared to the existing solution that uses a correlation design based on complex formula calculations for the various components of the vacuum circuit breaker itself, the present disclosure directly utilizes the original heat dissipation structure without affecting the original design parameters of the various components of the vacuum circuit breaker (such as the static conductive part, the dynamic conductive part, etc.), changes its fixing method, and introduces an elastic body to give it a degree of freedom. That is, a "non-embedded" buffer energy absorption mechanism is used to achieve the buffer function based on two degrees of freedom. That is, the original motion chain is not changed, and the buffering effect is further improved.

[0075] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the first movable member is a radiator, which is provided with a through hole in the vertical direction. The buffer energy absorption mechanism further includes at least one buffer energy absorption component, each buffer energy absorption component including a limit sleeve, a connector, the above-mentioned second movable member, and an elastic member. Specifically, the limit sleeve is partially inserted into the through hole, and the upper end of the limit sleeve (i.e., the end of the limit sleeve facing away from the static conductive portion) extends out of the top opening of the through hole. The connector includes a limit cap and a connecting rod, the outer diameter of the limit cap being larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod, the connecting rod partially inserted into the limit sleeve, the upper end of the connecting rod (i.e., the end of the connecting rod facing away from the static conductive portion) extending out of the limit sleeve and connected to the limit cap, and the lower end of the connecting rod (i.e., the end of the connecting rod facing the static conductive portion) extending out of the limit sleeve and connected to the static conductive portion. The second movable member is a gasket, which is sleeved on the connecting rod and located between the limit cap and the limit sleeve, and the thickness of the gasket is less than the distance between the limit cap and the limit sleeve. The elastic member is connected between the gasket and the top opening of the through hole. On this basis, when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic member is in a compressed state, so that the gasket abuts against the bottom of the limiting cap and has a gap with the limiting sleeve. Through the above design, the present disclosure adopts a heat sink and a gasket as the above-mentioned first movable member and the second movable member, respectively, and adopts a limiting sleeve, a connecting member and an elastic member for sliding sleeve connection and elastic connection, thereby realizing the design of "the heat sink is carried on the static conductive part, the gasket is set on the top of the static conductive part via the connecting member and is movably connected to the static conductive part, and the gasket and the heat sink are movably connected via the elastic member".

[0076] Specifically, since the buffer energy absorption assembly disclosed herein adopts an elastic member, the buffer energy absorption assembly has a second degree of freedom, that is, the buffer energy absorption assembly has two degrees of freedom, one of which exists between the heat sink and the static conductive part, and the other exists between the gasket, the connector and the limit sleeve. Accordingly, in the initial state, that is, when the vacuum circuit breaker is not closed, the elastic member is in a compressed state, and under the action of the pre-compression force F0, the elastic member can keep applying pressure to the heat sink, so that the heat sink and the static conductive part are in reliable contact. During the operation of the vacuum circuit breaker, taking the closing operation as an example: the operating mechanism of the vacuum circuit breaker transmits motion and force to the dynamic conductive part, so that the dynamic conductive part has a certain speed and moves toward the static conductive part until the two are in contact, and at the moment of collision, since the heat sink and the static conductive part have no direct connection, the heat sink will produce a slight upward movement (for example, the upward movement distance of the heat sink relative to the static conductive part) or be understood as an upward movement trend. During the contact process between the dynamic conductive part and the static conductive part, the dynamic conductive part "collides" with the static conductive part. Due to the use of a buffering energy-absorbing mechanism, the energy of the collision is transferred to the heat sink and the buffering energy-absorbing mechanism through the static conductive part. The heat sink obtains initial energy. Under the action of the elastic member, oscillations and collisions will occur between the heat sink and the static conductive part, between the gasket and the connector, and between the gasket and the limit sleeve, depending on the amount of input energy. Ultimately, the excess energy is completely absorbed and consumed through several collisions and friction. Because the buffering energy-absorbing mechanism disclosed herein has two degrees of freedom, under the same excess energy, the excess energy can be exhausted in a shorter time through the simultaneous action of the two degrees of freedom.

[0077] While the present disclosure has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the terms used are illustrative and exemplary rather than restrictive. Since the present disclosure can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or substance of the disclosure, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Therefore, all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the claims or their equivalents are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A vacuum circuit breaker, comprising a sealed pole, wherein the sealed pole comprises a static conductive part and a dynamic conductive part, wherein the dynamic conductive part is configured to adjustably move toward the static conductive part and contact the static conductive part to achieve a closing action of the vacuum circuit breaker; characterized in that: The sealed pole further comprises a buffer energy absorption mechanism, which comprises a movable part, and the movable part is movably connected to the static conductive part, and the buffer energy absorption mechanism is used to absorb the impact energy generated when the static conductive part contacts the dynamic conductive part.

2. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable member is provided with a through hole along the vertical direction; The buffering energy absorption mechanism further comprises at least one elastic connection component, and the elastic connection component comprises a connecting member and an elastic member; The connecting piece comprises a limiting cap and a connecting rod, the outer diameter of the limiting cap is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting rod, the connecting rod is partially inserted into the through hole, one end of the connecting rod facing away from the static conductive part extends out of the through hole and is connected to the limiting cap, and one end of the connecting rod facing the static conductive part extends out of the through hole and is connected to the static conductive part; The elastic member is connected between the limiting cap and the top opening of the through hole; Wherein, the movable part is movably connected to the static conductive part via the elastic connecting component.

3. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The movable part is a heat sink, and the heat sink is located on a side of the static conductive part facing away from the dynamic conductive part.

4. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable part is a radiator, and the radiator comprises: a heat sink, located at a side of the static conductive part facing away from the dynamic conductive part and movably connected to the static conductive part, wherein the through hole is provided at the heat sink; and A plurality of heat dissipation fins are arranged on the heat dissipation seat.

5. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plane where the top surface of the static conductive part is located is taken as a reference plane, and on the reference plane, the orthographic projection of the heat sink covers the entire area of ​​the top surface of the static conductive part.

6. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized in that: An upper outlet seat is protrudingly provided on the side surface of the top of the static conductive part; wherein, the heat sink is provided with an escape notch corresponding to the position of the upper outlet seat for escaping the upper outlet seat.

7. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjacent heat dissipation fins and the top surface of the heat dissipation seat jointly form a receiving groove, and the portion of the elastic connection component located on the side of the through hole facing away from the static conductive component is received in the receiving groove and does not extend out of the top of the heat dissipation fin.

8. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the through hole is smaller than that of the accommodating groove, so that a portion of the bottom of the accommodating groove where no through hole is provided forms a step surface; wherein the elastic member is connected between the limiting cap and the step surface.

9. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable part is made of heat-conducting material; and / or An insulating layer is arranged on the surface of the movable part.

10. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffering energy absorbing mechanism comprises at least two elastic connection components, and the at least two elastic connection components are arranged at intervals.

11. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 10, characterized in that: The buffering energy absorption mechanism includes at least three elastic connection components; wherein, the plane where the top surface of the static conductive part is located is taken as a reference plane, and on the reference plane, the orthographic projections of at least three elastic connection components are respectively arranged at the end points of a regular polygon path, and the number of sides of the regular polygon is equal to the number of the elastic connection components.

12. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic connection assembly also includes: A washer is sleeved on the connecting rod and located at the bottom of the limiting cap, and the elastic member is connected between the bottom surface of the washer and the top opening of the through hole.

13. The vacuum circuit breaker according to claim 12, characterized in that: The elastic connection assembly also includes: A positioning sleeve is partially passed through the through hole, and one end of the positioning sleeve facing away from the static conductive part extends out of the top opening of the through hole and abuts against the bottom surface of the gasket to press the gasket against the bottom surface of the limiting cap. The connecting rod is passed through the positioning sleeve.

Images