Optical multilayer panels and display systems

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical multilayer plate capable of achieving a satisfactory reduction in the weight of a virtual reality (VR) headset while improving its viewing capabilities. The optical multilayer plate comprises a polarizing element, a first phase-delaying element consisting of a first λ / 4 element, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer positioned between the polarizing element and the first phase-delaying element. In the optical multilayer plate, the rate of change of size of the polarizing element in the direction of its absorption axis is 0.50% or greater, the first λ / 4 element is a fixed layer oriented in liquid crystal, and the elastic modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer at 85°C is between 0.07 MPa and 0.5 MPa.

Description

Optical laminate and display system

[0001] The present invention relates to an optical stack and a display system.

[0002] Image display devices, such as liquid crystal display devices and electroluminescence (EL) display devices (e.g., organic EL display devices), are rapidly becoming popular. Optical components such as retardation components and polarizing components are generally used in image display devices to realize image display and improve image display performance (see, for example, Patent Document 1). These optical components can be integrated in advance and mounted on the image display device as an optical laminate.

[0003] In recent years, new applications of image display devices have been developed. For example, goggles with displays (VR goggles) for realizing virtual reality (VR) have begun to be commercialized. Since the use of VR goggles in various situations is being considered, there is a demand for lighter weight, improved visibility, and the like.

[0004] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2021-103286

[0005] The weight reduction of the VR goggles can be achieved, for example, by thinning the lenses used in the VR goggles. On the other hand, there is also a need for the development of an optical laminate including the optical member suitable for a display system using lenses.

[0006] In view of the above, the main object of the present invention is to provide an optical laminate that can effectively achieve weight reduction of VR goggles while improving visibility.

[0007] 1. An optical laminate according to an embodiment of the present invention is an optical laminate used in a display method comprising the steps of: passing light representing an image emitted via a polarizing member through a first λ / 4 member; passing the light that has passed through the first λ / 4 member through a half mirror and a first lens unit; passing the light that has passed through the half mirror and the first lens unit through a second λ / 4 member; reflecting the light that has passed through the second λ / 4 member toward the half mirror with a reflective polarizing member; and allowing the light reflected by the reflective polarizing member and the half mirror to pass through the reflective polarizing member with the second λ / 4 member, the optical laminate having the polarizing member, a first retardation member including the first λ / 4 member, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer disposed between the polarizing member and the first retardation member. In the optical laminate described above, the dimensional change rate of the polarizing member in the absorption axis direction is 0.50% or more, the first λ / 4 member is a liquid crystal alignment solidified layer, and the elastic modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer at 85°C is 0.07 MPa to 0.5 MPa. 2. In the optical laminate described above in 1, the dimensional change rate of the first retardation member in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing member may be 0.67% or less. 3. In the optical laminate described above in 1 or 2, the thickness of the first λ / 4 member may be 5 μm or less. 4. In the optical laminate described above in any one of 1 to 3, the first retardation member may further include another retardation layer. 5. The optical laminate described above in any one of 1 to 4 may further include a second retardation member disposed between the polarizing member and the first retardation member.

[0008] 6. A display system according to an embodiment of the present invention is a display system for displaying an image to a user, comprising: a display element having a display surface that emits light representing an image forward via a polarizing member; a reflective polarizing member disposed in front of the display element and reflecting the light emitted from the display element; a first lens unit disposed on an optical path between the display element and the reflective polarizing member; a half mirror disposed between the display element and the first lens unit that transmits the light emitted from the display element and reflects the light reflected by the reflective polarizing member toward the reflective polarizing member; The display system includes an optical laminate having a first λ / 4 element disposed on an optical path between the polarizer and the half mirror, and a second λ / 4 element disposed on an optical path between the half mirror and the reflective polarizing element, the optical laminate including the polarizing element, a first retardation element including the first λ / 4 element, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer disposed between the polarizing element and the first retardation element, wherein the optical laminate has a dimensional change rate in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing element of 0.50% or more, the first λ / 4 element is a liquid crystal alignment solidified layer, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an elastic modulus at 85°C of 0.07 MPa to 0.5 MPa. 7. In the optical laminate described in 6 above, the dimensional change rate in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing element of the first retardation element may be 0.67% or less. 8. In the display system described in 6 or 7 above, the thickness of the first λ / 4 element may be 5 μm or less. 9. In the display system described in any one of 6 to 8 above, the first retardation element may further include another retardation layer. 10. 11. In the display system described in any one of the above items 6 to 9, the optical laminate may further include a second retardation member disposed between the polarizing member and the first retardation member. 12. In the display system described in any one of the above items 6 to 10, the absolute value of the difference between the in-plane retardation (a) of the first λ / 4 member and the in-plane retardation (b) of the second λ / 4 member may be 3.5 nm or less.

[0009] According to the optical laminate according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to effectively achieve a reduction in the weight of VR goggles while improving visibility.

[0010] It is a schematic diagram showing the general configuration of a display system according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the general configuration of an optical laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention. It is a diagram for explaining a method for measuring a dimensional change rate.

[0011] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. In order to clarify the description, the drawings may schematically show the width, thickness, shape, etc. of each part compared to the embodiments, but these are merely examples and do not limit the interpretation of the present invention. Furthermore, in the drawings, the same or equivalent elements are given the same reference numerals, and duplicate explanations may be omitted.

[0012] (Definition of Terms and Symbols) The definitions of terms and symbols used in this specification are as follows. (1) Refractive Index (nx, ny, nz) "nx" is the refractive index in the direction in which the in-plane refractive index is maximum (i.e., the slow axis direction), "ny" is the refractive index in the in-plane direction perpendicular to the slow axis (i.e., the fast axis direction), and "nz" is the refractive index in the thickness direction. (2) In-Plane Retardation (Re) "Re(λ)" is the in-plane retardation measured with light having a wavelength of λ nm at 23°C. For example, "Re(550)" is the in-plane retardation measured with light having a wavelength of 550 nm at 23°C. Re(λ) is calculated by the formula: Re(λ) = (nx - ny) × d, where d (nm) is the thickness of the layer (film). (3) Thickness Direction Retardation (Rth) "Rth(λ)" is the retardation in the thickness direction measured with light having a wavelength of λ nm at 23°C. For example, "Rth(550)" is the retardation in the thickness direction measured with light having a wavelength of 550 nm at 23°C. Rth(λ) is calculated by the formula: Rth(λ) = (nx - nz) × d, where d (nm) is the thickness of the layer (film). (4) Nz Coefficient The Nz coefficient is calculated by Nz = Rth / Re. (5) Angle When an angle is referred to in this specification, unless otherwise specified, the angle includes both clockwise and counterclockwise angles with respect to the reference direction. Therefore, for example, "45°" means ±45°. Furthermore, in this specification, "substantially parallel" includes the range of 0° ±10°, preferably within the range of 0° ±5°, more preferably within the range of 0° ±3°, and even more preferably within the range of 0° ±1°. "Approximately perpendicular" encompasses the range of 90°±10°, preferably within the range of 90°±5°, more preferably within the range of 90°±3°, and even more preferably within the range of 90°±1°.

[0013] [Display System] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of a display system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 also shows the layout and shape of each component of a display system 2. The display system 2 includes a display element 12, a reflector 14 including a reflective polarizing member, a first lens unit 16, a half mirror 18, a first λ / 4 member 20, a second λ / 4 member 22, and a second lens unit 24. The reflector 14 is disposed in front of the display surface 12a of the display element 12 and can reflect light emitted from the display element 12. The first lens unit 16 is disposed on the optical path between the display element 12 and the reflector 14, and the half mirror 18 is disposed between the display element 12 and the first lens unit 16. The first λ / 4 member 20 is disposed on the optical path between the display element 12 and the half mirror 18, and the second λ / 4 member 22 is disposed on the optical path between the half mirror 18 and the reflector 14.

[0014] The display element 12 is, for example, a liquid crystal display or an organic EL display, and has a display surface 12 a for displaying an image. The light emitted from the display surface 12 a passes through, for example, a polarizing member (typically, a polarizing film) that may be included in the display element 12, and is converted into first linearly polarized light.

[0015] The first linearly polarized light incident on the first λ / 4 member 20 is converted into first circularly polarized light. The first λ / 4 member 20 may be provided integrally with the display element 12. For example, the first λ / 4 member 20 may be provided integrally with a polarizing member that may be included in the display element 12.

[0016] The half mirror 18 transmits light emitted from the display element 12 and reflects light reflected by the reflecting portion 14 toward the reflecting portion 14. The half mirror 18 is provided integrally with the first lens portion 16.

[0017] The second λ / 4 member 22 can transmit the light reflected by the reflecting unit 14 and the half mirror 18 through the reflecting unit 14, which includes a reflective polarizing member. The second λ / 4 member 22 may be provided integrally with the first lens unit 16.

[0018] The first circularly polarized light emitted from the first λ / 4 member 20 passes through the half mirror 18 and the first lens unit 16, and is converted into the second linearly polarized light by the second λ / 4 member 22. The second linearly polarized light emitted from the second λ / 4 member 22 is reflected toward the half mirror 18 without passing through the reflective polarizing member included in the reflecting unit 14. At this time, the polarization direction of the second linearly polarized light incident on the reflective polarizing member included in the reflecting unit 14 is the same as the reflection axis of the reflective polarizing member. Therefore, the second linearly polarized light incident on the reflecting unit 14 is reflected by the reflective polarizing member.

[0019] The second linearly polarized light reflected by the reflecting unit 14 is converted into second circularly polarized light by the second λ / 4 member 22, and the second circularly polarized light emitted from the second λ / 4 member 22 passes through the first lens unit 16 and is reflected by the half mirror 18. The circularly polarized light reflected by the half mirror 18 passes through the first lens unit 16 and is converted into third linearly polarized light by the second λ / 4 member 22. The third linearly polarized light passes through the reflective polarizing member included in the reflecting unit 14. At this time, the polarization direction of the third linearly polarized light incident on the reflective polarizing member included in the reflecting unit 14 is the same direction as the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing member. Therefore, the third linearly polarized light incident on the reflecting unit 14 passes through the reflective polarizing member.

[0020] The light transmitted through the reflecting portion 14 passes through the second lens portion 24 and enters the user's eye 26 .

[0021] For example, the absorption axis of the polarizing member included in the display element 12 and the reflection axis of the reflective polarizing member included in the reflector 14 may be disposed approximately parallel to each other or approximately perpendicular to each other. The angle between the absorption axis of the polarizing member included in the display element 12 and the slow axis of the first λ / 4 member 20 is, for example, 40° to 50°, or may be 42° to 48°, or may be approximately 45°. The angle between the absorption axis of the polarizing member included in the display element 12 and the slow axis of the second λ / 4 member 22 is, for example, 40° to 50°, or may be 42° to 48°, or may be approximately 45°.

[0022] The in-plane retardation Re(550) of the first λ / 4 member 20 is, for example, 100 nm to 190 nm, may be 110 nm to 180 nm, may be 130 nm to 160 nm, or may be 135 nm to 155 nm.

[0023] The first λ / 4 member 20 preferably exhibits an inverse dispersion wavelength characteristic in which the retardation value increases according to the wavelength of the measurement light. The Re(450) / Re(550) of the first λ / 4 member 20 is, for example, less than 1, and may be 0.95 or less, or even less than 0.90, or even 0.85 or less. The Re(450) / Re(550) of the first λ / 4 member 20 is, for example, 0.75 or more.

[0024] In one embodiment, the first λ / 4 member 20 satisfies all of Re(400) / Re(550)<0.85, Re(650) / Re(550)>1.03, and Re(750) / Re(550)>1.05. It is preferable that the first λ / 4 member 20 satisfies at least one selected from 0.65<Re(400) / Re(550)<0.80 (preferably, 0.7<Re(400) / Re(550)<0.75), 1.0<Re(650) / Re(550)<1.25 (preferably, 1.05<Re(650) / Re(550)<1.20), and 1.05<Re(750) / Re(550)<1.40 (preferably, 1.08<Re(750) / Re(550)<1.36), more preferably satisfies at least two, and even more preferably satisfies all of them.

[0025] The first λ / 4 member 20 preferably has a refractive index characteristic that satisfies the relationship nx>ny≧nz. Here, "ny=nz" does not only refer to the case where ny and nz are completely equal, but also includes the case where they are substantially equal. Therefore, there may be cases where ny<nz, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. The Nz coefficient of the first λ / 4 member 20 is preferably 0.9 to 3, more preferably 0.9 to 2.5, even more preferably 0.9 to 1.5, and particularly preferably 0.9 to 1.3.

[0026] The thickness of the first λ / 4 member 20 is, for example, 20 μm or less, preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 8 μm or less, even more preferably 6 μm or less, particularly preferably 5 μm or less, and may be 4 μm or less. By satisfying such a thickness, the first λ / 4 member 20 has excellent smoothness and can contribute to improving the visibility of the display system. The thickness of the first λ / 4 member 20 is, for example, 1 μm or more.

[0027] The first λ / 4 member 20 is preferably composed of an oriented and solidified layer of a liquid crystal compound. By being composed of an oriented and solidified layer of a liquid crystal compound, the above thickness can be satisfactorily achieved. Furthermore, the in-plane retardation value uniformity can be excellent. Specifically, the in-plane retardation value uniformity can be excellent compared to a stretched resin film.

[0028] The above-mentioned liquid crystal compound alignment solidified layer is a layer in which the liquid crystal compound is aligned in a predetermined direction within the layer and the alignment state is fixed. The term "alignment solidified layer" encompasses an alignment solidified layer obtained by curing a liquid crystal monomer, as described below. In the first λ / 4 member, typically, rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds are aligned in the slow axis direction of the first λ / 4 member (homogeneous alignment). Examples of rod-shaped liquid crystal compounds include liquid crystal polymers and liquid crystal monomers. The liquid crystal compound is preferably polymerizable. If the liquid crystal compound is polymerizable, the alignment state of the liquid crystal compound can be fixed by aligning the liquid crystal compound and then polymerizing it.

[0029] The alignment and solidification layer of the liquid crystal compound (liquid crystal alignment and solidification layer) can be formed by performing an alignment treatment on the surface of a predetermined substrate, applying a coating liquid containing a liquid crystal compound to the surface to align the liquid crystal compound in a direction corresponding to the alignment treatment, and fixing the alignment state. Any appropriate alignment treatment can be used as the alignment treatment. Specific examples include mechanical alignment treatment, physical alignment treatment, and chemical alignment treatment. Specific examples of mechanical alignment treatment include rubbing treatment and stretching treatment. Specific examples of physical alignment treatment include magnetic field alignment treatment and electric field alignment treatment. Specific examples of chemical alignment treatment include oblique vapor deposition and photoalignment treatment. Any appropriate treatment conditions can be used for the various alignment treatments depending on the purpose.

[0030] The alignment of liquid crystal compounds is achieved by treating them at a temperature at which they exhibit a liquid crystal phase depending on the type of liquid crystal compound. By performing such temperature treatment, the liquid crystal compounds assume a liquid crystal state and are aligned in accordance with the alignment treatment direction on the substrate surface.

[0031] In one embodiment, the alignment state is fixed by cooling the liquid crystal compound aligned as described above. When the liquid crystal compound is polymerizable or crosslinkable, the alignment state is fixed by subjecting the liquid crystal compound aligned as described above to a polymerization treatment or a crosslinking treatment.

[0032] Any suitable liquid crystal polymer and / or liquid crystal monomer can be used as the liquid crystal compound. The liquid crystal polymer and the liquid crystal monomer can be used alone or in combination. Specific examples of liquid crystal compounds and methods for producing a liquid crystal alignment solidified layer are described in, for example, JP 2006-163343 A, JP 2006-178389 A, and WO 2018 / 123551 A. The descriptions in these publications are incorporated herein by reference.

[0033] The in-plane retardation Re(550) of the second λ / 4 member 22 is, for example, 100 nm to 190 nm, may be 110 nm to 180 nm, may be 130 nm to 160 nm, or may be 135 nm to 155 nm.

[0034] The second λ / 4 member 22 preferably exhibits an inverse dispersion wavelength characteristic in which the retardation value increases with the wavelength of the measurement light. The Re(450) / Re(550) of the second λ / 4 member 22 is, for example, less than 1, and may be 0.95 or less, or even less than 0.90, or even 0.85 or less. The Re(450) / Re(550) of the second λ / 4 member 22 is, for example, 0.75 or more.

[0035] In one embodiment, the second λ / 4 member 22 satisfies all of Re(400) / Re(550)<0.85, Re(650) / Re(550)>1.03, and Re(750) / Re(550)>1.05. It is preferable that the second λ / 4 member 22 satisfies at least one selected from 0.65 < Re(400) / Re(550) < 0.80 (preferably, 0.7 < Re(400) / Re(550) < 0.75), 1.0 < Re(650) / Re(550) < 1.25 (preferably, 1.05 < Re(650) / Re(550) < 1.20), and 1.05 < Re(750) / Re(550) < 1.40 (preferably, 1.08 < Re(750) / Re(550) < 1.36), more preferably satisfies at least two, and even more preferably satisfies all of them.

[0036] The second λ / 4 member 22 preferably has a refractive index characteristic that satisfies the relationship nx>ny≧nz. Here, "ny=nz" does not only refer to the case where ny and nz are completely equal, but also includes the case where they are substantially equal. Therefore, there may be cases where ny<nz, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. The Nz coefficient of the second λ / 4 member 22 is preferably 0.9 to 3, more preferably 0.9 to 2.5, even more preferably 0.9 to 1.5, and particularly preferably 0.9 to 1.3.

[0037] The second λ / 4 member 22 is formed of any appropriate material that can satisfy the above characteristics. The second λ / 4 member 22 can be, for example, a stretched resin film or an oriented and solidified layer of a liquid crystal compound. The same explanation as for the first λ / 4 member 20 can be applied to the second λ / 4 member 22 that is formed of an oriented and solidified layer of a liquid crystal compound.

[0038] Examples of resins contained in the resin film include polycarbonate-based resins, polyester carbonate-based resins, polyester-based resins, polyvinyl acetal-based resins, polyarylate-based resins, cyclic olefin-based resins, cellulose-based resins, polyvinyl alcohol-based resins, polyamide-based resins, polyimide-based resins, polyether-based resins, polystyrene-based resins, and acrylic-based resins. These resins may be used alone or in combination. Examples of methods for combining include blending and copolymerization. When the retardation member exhibits reverse dispersion wavelength characteristics, a resin film containing a polycarbonate-based resin or a polyester carbonate-based resin (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as a polycarbonate-based resin) can be suitably used.

[0039] Any suitable polycarbonate resin can be used as the polycarbonate resin. For example, the polycarbonate resin contains structural units derived from a fluorene-based dihydroxy compound, structural units derived from an isosorbide-based dihydroxy compound, and structural units derived from at least one dihydroxy compound selected from the group consisting of alicyclic diols, alicyclic dimethanols, di-, tri-, or polyethylene glycols, and alkylene glycols or spiroglycols. Preferably, the polycarbonate resin contains structural units derived from a fluorene-based dihydroxy compound, structural units derived from an isosorbide-based dihydroxy compound, structural units derived from an alicyclic dimethanol and / or structural units derived from di-, tri-, or polyethylene glycol; more preferably, it contains structural units derived from a fluorene-based dihydroxy compound, structural units derived from an isosorbide-based dihydroxy compound, and structural units derived from di-, tri-, or polyethylene glycol. The polycarbonate resin may contain structural units derived from other dihydroxy compounds as needed. Details of polycarbonate resins suitable for use in phase difference members and methods for forming phase difference members are described in, for example, JP 2014-10291 A, JP 2014-26266 A, JP 2015-212816 A, JP 2015-212817 A, and JP 2015-212818 A, and the descriptions in these publications are incorporated herein by reference.

[0040] The thickness of the second λ / 4 member 22 is preferably 100 μm or less. Specifically, the thickness of the second λ / 4 member 22 made of a stretched resin film is, for example, 10 μm to 100 μm, preferably 10 μm to 70 μm, more preferably 10 μm to 60 μm, and even more preferably 20 μm to 50 μm.

[0041] The first λ / 4 member 20 and the second λ / 4 member 22 may be members having the same configuration (material, thickness, optical properties, etc.), or may be members having different configurations.

[0042] In the display system 2, for example, from the viewpoint of improving visibility, a high degree of adjustment may be required between the retardation values ​​of the first λ / 4 component 20 and the second λ / 4 component 22. For example, the absolute value of the difference between the in-plane retardation (a) of the first λ / 4 component 20 and the in-plane retardation (b) of the second λ / 4 component 22 is, for example, 3.5 nm or less, preferably 3.0 nm or less, more preferably 2.5 nm or less, even more preferably 2.0 nm or less, particularly preferably 1.5 nm or less, and most preferably 1.0 nm or less. (a) and (b) are, for example, values ​​of Re(590).

[0043] Furthermore, for example, it is preferable that the in-plane retardation (a) of the first λ / 4 member 20 and the in-plane retardation (b) of the second λ / 4 member 22 satisfy the following formula (I): ((a)-(b)) / ((a)+(b) / 2)≦0.02 (I), more preferably ((a)-(b)) / ((a)+(b) / 2)≦0.015, and even more preferably ((a)-(b)) / ((a)+(b) / 2)≦0.01.

[0044] The reflective polarizing element can transmit light polarized parallel to its transmission axis (typically, linearly polarized light) while maintaining its polarization state, and reflect light polarized in other states. The orthogonal transmittance (Tc) of the reflective polarizing element can be, for example, 0.01% to 3%. The single transmittance (Ts) of the reflective polarizing element can be, for example, 43% to 49%, preferably 45% to 47%. The polarization degree (P) of the reflective polarizing element can be, for example, 92% to 99.99%. The reflective polarizing element is typically composed of a film having a multilayer structure (sometimes referred to as a reflective polarizing film). Commercially available reflective polarizing films include, for example, "DBEF" and "APF" manufactured by 3M, and "APCF" manufactured by Nitto Denko Corporation.

[0045] As described above, the first λ / 4 member 20 may be provided integrally with a polarizing member that may be included in the display element 12. In this case, it is preferable to form an optical laminate in which the polarizing member that may be included in the display element 12 and the first λ / 4 member 20 are integrated.

[0046] [Optical laminate] Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an outline of the configuration of an optical laminate according to one embodiment of the present invention. The optical laminate 1 has a polarizing member 13 that can be included in a display element 12, and a first retardation member 21 arranged on one side (the front side, the upper side in Fig. 2) of the polarizing member 13.

[0047] The polarizing member 13 includes at least a polarizing film 13a. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the polarizing member 13 includes a protective layer 13b in addition to the polarizing film 13a. The polarizing member 13 has a laminated structure of the polarizing film 13a and the protective layer 13b. The polarizing film 13a and the protective layer 13b are laminated together via, for example, an adhesive layer (not shown). In this case, the polarizing member 13 includes the polarizing film 13a, the adhesive layer, and the protective layer 13b in this order. In the example shown in FIG. 2, the protective layer 13b is provided on only one side of the polarizing film 13a, but it may also be provided on both sides, for example.

[0048] The polarizing film 13a is typically an absorptive polarizing film and may be made of a resin film containing a dichroic material. The thickness of the polarizing film 13a is, for example, 1 μm or more and 20 μm or less, or may be 2 μm or more and 15 μm or less, or may be 12 μm or less, or may be 10 μm or less, or may be 8 μm or less. The thickness of the polarizing member 13 is, for example, 10 μm or more, or may be 20 μm or more. The thickness of the polarizing member 13 is, for example, 100 μm or less, or may be 80 μm or less.

[0049] The absorptive polarizing film may be made from a single layer of resin film or may be made from a laminate of two or more layers.

[0050] When the absorptive polarizing film is produced from a single-layer resin film, for example, an absorptive polarizing film can be obtained by subjecting a hydrophilic polymer film such as a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based film, a partially formalized PVA-based film, or a partially saponified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer-based film to a dyeing treatment with iodine or a dichroic substance such as a dichroic dye, a stretching treatment, etc. Among these, an absorptive polarizing film obtained by dyeing a PVA-based film with iodine and uniaxially stretching it is preferred.

[0051] The dyeing with iodine is carried out, for example, by immersing the PVA-based film in an aqueous iodine solution. The stretching ratio of the uniaxial stretching is preferably 3 to 7 times. The stretching may be carried out after the dyeing treatment or while dyeing. Alternatively, the PVA-based film may be dyed after stretching. If necessary, the PVA-based film may be subjected to a swelling treatment, a crosslinking treatment, a washing treatment, a drying treatment, or the like.

[0052] Examples of laminates produced using the two or more layer laminate include a laminate of a resin substrate and a PVA-based resin layer (PVA-based resin film) laminated on the resin substrate, and a laminate of a resin substrate and a PVA-based resin layer formed by coating on the resin substrate. An absorptive polarizing film obtained using a laminate of a resin substrate and a PVA-based resin layer formed by coating on the resin substrate can be produced, for example, by applying a PVA-based resin solution to the resin substrate and drying the solution to form a PVA-based resin layer on the resin substrate, thereby obtaining a laminate of the resin substrate and the PVA-based resin layer, and then stretching and dyeing the laminate to convert the PVA-based resin layer into an absorptive polarizing film. In this embodiment, a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin layer containing a halide and a polyvinyl alcohol-based resin is preferably formed on one side of the resin substrate. The stretching typically involves immersing the laminate in an aqueous boric acid solution to stretch it. Furthermore, the stretching may optionally include in-air stretching of the laminate at a high temperature (e.g., 95°C or higher) before stretching in the boric acid aqueous solution. In addition, in this embodiment, the laminate is preferably subjected to a drying shrinkage treatment in which the laminate is heated while being transported in the longitudinal direction, thereby shrinking the laminate by 2% or more in the width direction. Typically, the manufacturing method of this embodiment includes subjecting the laminate to an auxiliary in-air stretching treatment, a dyeing treatment, an underwater stretching treatment, and a drying shrinkage treatment, in this order. By introducing auxiliary stretching, it is possible to increase the crystallinity of the PVA, even when the PVA is coated on a thermoplastic resin substrate, thereby achieving high optical properties. Furthermore, by simultaneously increasing the orientation of the PVA in advance, problems such as a decrease in orientation or dissolution of the PVA when immersed in water in the subsequent dyeing or stretching steps can be prevented, thereby achieving high optical properties. Furthermore, when the PVA-based resin layer is immersed in a liquid, the disordering of the polyvinyl alcohol molecules and the decrease in orientation can be suppressed compared to when the PVA-based resin layer does not contain a halide. This can improve the optical properties of the absorptive polarizing film obtained through treatment steps in which the laminate is immersed in a liquid, such as a dyeing treatment and an underwater stretching treatment.Furthermore, the optical properties can be improved by shrinking the laminate in the width direction through a drying shrinkage treatment.The obtained resin substrate / absorptive polarizing film laminate may be used as is (i.e., the resin substrate may be used as a protective layer for the absorptive polarizing film), or any suitable protective layer may be laminated depending on the purpose on the surface obtained by peeling the resin substrate from the resin substrate / absorptive polarizing film laminate or on the surface opposite to the peeled surface. Details of such methods for producing an absorptive polarizing film are described in, for example, JP-A-2012-73580 and Japanese Patent No. 6,470,455. The entire disclosures of these publications are incorporated herein by reference.

[0053] The polarizing member (absorptive polarizing film) preferably has a crossed transmittance (Tc) of 0.5% or less, more preferably 0.1% or less, and even more preferably 0.05% or less. The polarizing member (absorptive polarizing film) has a single transmittance (Ts) of, for example, 41.0% to 45.0%, and preferably 42.0% or more. The polarizing member (absorptive polarizing film) has a degree of polarization (P) of, for example, 99.0% to 99.997%, and preferably 99.9% or more.

[0054] The crossed transmittance, single transmittance, and degree of polarization can be measured, for example, using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer. The degree of polarization P can be calculated from the obtained Tp and Tc by measuring the single transmittance Ts, parallel transmittance Tp, and crossed transmittance Tc using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, using the following formula: Ts, Tp, and Tc are Y values ​​measured using a 2-degree visual field (C light source) according to JIS Z 8701 and corrected for visibility. Degree of polarization P (%) = {(Tp - Tc) / (Tp + Tc)} １／２ ×100

[0055] The protective layer 13b that can be included in the polarizing member 13 can be composed of, for example, any appropriate film. Examples of materials that serve as the main component of the film that constitutes the protective layer include cellulose-based resins such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyester-based, polyvinyl alcohol-based, polycarbonate-based, polyamide-based, polyimide-based, polyethersulfone-based, polysulfone-based, polystyrene-based, cycloolefin-based resins such as polynorbornene, polyolefin-based, (meth)acrylic, and acetate-based resins. Here, (meth)acrylic refers to acrylic and / or methacrylic.

[0056] The thickness of the protective layer 13b is preferably 5 μm to 80 μm, more preferably 10 μm to 50 μm, and even more preferably 15 μm to 40 μm.

[0057] The first phase difference member 21 includes at least a first λ / 4 member 20. In the example shown in FIG. 2 , the first phase difference member 21 includes, in addition to the first λ / 4 member 20, another phase difference layer 23. The other phase difference layer 23 is composed of, for example, a member whose refractive index characteristics can exhibit the relationship nz > nx = ny (a so-called positive C plate). The first phase difference member 21 has a layered structure of the first λ / 4 member 20 and the other phase difference layer 23. The first λ / 4 member 20 and the other phase difference layer 23 are layered, for example, via an adhesive layer (not shown). In this case, the first phase difference member 21 includes the first λ / 4 member 20, the adhesive layer, and the other phase difference layer 23. When the other phase difference layer 23 is composed of a positive C plate, it is preferable that the other phase difference layer (positive C plate) 23 be located forward of the first λ / 4 member 20 in the first phase difference member 21, as shown in FIG. 2 .

[0058] The thickness direction retardation Rth(550) of the positive C plate is preferably −50 nm to −300 nm, more preferably −70 nm to −250 nm, even more preferably −90 nm to −200 nm, and particularly preferably −100 nm to −180 nm. "nx=ny" encompasses not only the case where nx and ny are strictly equal, but also the case where nx and ny are substantially equal. The in-plane retardation Re(550) of the positive C plate is, for example, less than 10 nm.

[0059] The positive C plate can be formed from any suitable material, but is preferably composed of a film containing a liquid crystal material fixed in homeotropic alignment. The liquid crystal material (liquid crystal compound) that can be homeotropically aligned may be a liquid crystal monomer or a liquid crystal polymer. Specific examples of such liquid crystal compounds and methods for forming a positive C plate include the liquid crystal compounds and methods for forming the retardation layer described in paragraphs

[0020] to

[0028] of JP 2002-333642 A. In this case, the thickness of the positive C plate is preferably 0.5 μm to 5 μm.

[0060] The optical laminate 1 may include another phase difference member having any appropriate refractive index characteristics. In the example shown in Fig. 2, the optical laminate 1 has a second phase difference member 32 disposed between the polarizing member 13 and the first phase difference member 21. The second phase difference member 32 is laminated on the polarizing film 13a via an adhesive layer (not shown), for example, and can function as a protective layer for the polarizing film 13a.

[0061] The second phase difference member 32 is provided, for example, from the viewpoint of compensating for a shift in the optical axis relationship between the polarizing member 13 and the reflective polarizing member that occurs with a change in viewing angle. In this case, the second phase difference member 32 may include at least one optical compensation layer having a slow axis. The optical compensation layer having a slow axis (hereinafter referred to as the first optical compensation layer) may be arranged so that its slow axis is approximately perpendicular to or approximately parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing member 13. With this configuration, light emitted from the display element 12 as first linearly polarized light can pass through the second phase difference member 32 without substantially changing its polarization state. In this specification, the term "optical compensation layer having a slow axis" refers to an optical compensation layer having an Re(550) of 10 nm or more.

[0062] In one embodiment, the first optical compensation layer is a layer whose refractive index characteristics exhibit the relationship nx>ny>nz (a so-called negative B plate). In this case, the second phase difference member 32 preferably includes a second optical compensation layer in addition to the first optical compensation layer. The second optical compensation layer is, for example, a layer whose refractive index characteristics exhibit the relationship nz>nx>ny (a so-called positive B plate), and the second phase difference member 32 may have a laminated structure in which the first optical compensation layer and the second optical compensation layer are laminated in this order from the polarizing member 13 side. The first optical compensation layer and the second optical compensation layer may typically be laminated via an adhesive layer. Specifically, the second phase difference member 32 may include the first optical compensation layer, an adhesive layer, and a second optical compensation layer in this order. The slow axis of the first optical compensation layer and the slow axis of the second optical compensation layer may both be arranged to be approximately perpendicular to the absorption axis of the polarizing member 13.

[0063] In another embodiment, the first optical compensation layer is a member having refractive index characteristics satisfying the relationship nx>nz>ny (a so-called Z-plate). Specifically, the second phase difference member 32 may be formed of a Z-plate. In this case, the slow axis of the optical compensation layer may be disposed so as to be substantially perpendicular to or substantially parallel to the absorption axis of the polarizing member 13.

[0064] The thickness of the second phase difference member 32 varies depending on the configuration, but is, for example, 200 μm or less, preferably 5 μm to 170 μm, and more preferably 10 μm to 150 μm.

[0065] The in-plane retardation Re(550) of the negative B plate is, for example, 60 nm to 190 nm, preferably 80 nm to 170 nm, and more preferably 100 nm to 150 nm. The thickness direction retardation Rth(550) of the negative B plate is, for example, 60 nm to 200 nm, preferably 80 nm to 180 nm, and more preferably 100 nm to 160 nm. The Nz coefficient of the negative B plate is, for example, 1.1 to 3.0, and preferably 1.1 to 2.7. The negative B plate may exhibit reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics, positive wavelength dispersion characteristics, or flat wavelength dispersion characteristics.

[0066] The negative B plate may be made of any suitable material that satisfies the above characteristics. The negative B plate may be made, for example, of a stretched resin film. Resins contained in the resin film include cycloolefin-based resins (e.g., norbornene-based resins), polycarbonate-based resins, cellulose-based resins, polyvinyl alcohol-based resins, polysulfone-based resins, and the like. These resins may be used alone or in combination. The resin film preferably contains a norbornene-based resin and / or a cellulose-based resin. Details of these resins and methods for stretching resin films are described, for example, in JP 2018-205485 A. The disclosure of this publication is incorporated herein by reference.

[0067] The thickness of the negative B plate is, for example, 10 μm to 80 μm, or, for example, 15 μm to 60 μm.

[0068] The in-plane retardation Re(550) of the positive B plate is, for example, 10 nm to 60 nm, preferably 15 nm to 55 nm, and more preferably 20 nm to 45 nm. The thickness direction retardation Rth(550) of the positive B plate is, for example, -250 nm to -10 nm, preferably -200 nm to -20 nm, and more preferably -150 nm to -60 nm. The Nz coefficient of the positive B plate is, for example, -4.0 to -1.0, preferably -3.5 to -1.5, and more preferably -3.0 to -2.0. The positive B plate may exhibit reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics, positive wavelength dispersion characteristics, or flat wavelength dispersion characteristics.

[0069] The positive B plate can be made of any appropriate material that can satisfy the above characteristics. The positive B plate can be made, for example, of a stretched resin film. Examples of resins that make up the positive B plate include thermoplastic resins, and polymers exhibiting negative intrinsic birefringence are preferably used. A polymer exhibiting negative intrinsic birefringence and a polymer exhibiting positive intrinsic birefringence may be used in combination. By using a polymer exhibiting negative intrinsic birefringence, a retardation member exhibiting a refractive index characteristic of nz > nx > ny and excellent uniformity in the slow axis direction can be easily obtained. Here, "exhibiting negative intrinsic birefringence" means that when a polymer is oriented by stretching or the like, the refractive index in the stretching direction becomes relatively small. In other words, the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the stretching direction becomes large.

[0070] Examples of polymers that exhibit negative intrinsic birefringence include polymers in which a chemical bond or functional group with large polarization anisotropy, such as an aromatic ring or a carbonyl group, is introduced into the side chain.Specific examples include acrylic resins, styrene resins, maleimide resins, and fumaric acid ester resins, and preferably styrene resins and fumaric acid ester resins.These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0071] Preferred examples of the styrene-based resin include styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-(meth)acrylate copolymer, styrene-maleimide copolymer, vinyl ester-maleimide copolymer, and olefin-maleimide copolymer.

[0072] As the fumaric acid ester-based resin, a fumaric acid ester-(meth)acrylate copolymer is preferably used.

[0073] Preferred examples of the polymer exhibiting negative intrinsic birefringence include polymers having a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (I). Such polymers exhibit even higher negative birefringence and can be excellent in heat resistance and mechanical strength. Such polymers can be obtained, for example, by using an N-phenyl-substituted maleimide in which a phenyl group having a substituent at least at the ortho position is introduced as the N-substituent of the maleimide-based monomer starting material. In the above general formula (I), R １ ~R ５ each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a carboxylic acid, a carboxylic acid ester, a hydroxyl group, a nitro group, or a linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (provided that R １ and R ５ is not a hydrogen atom at the same time), R ６ and R ７ represents hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 2 or more.

[0074] The positive B plate can be obtained by stretching a resin film containing the above resin under any appropriate stretching conditions.

[0075] The thickness of the positive B plate is, for example, 1 μm to 30 μm, preferably 2 μm to 20 μm, and more preferably 3 μm to 10 μm.

[0076] The in-plane retardation Re(550) of the Z-plate is, for example, 200 nm to 350 nm, preferably 230 nm to 320 nm, and more preferably 250 nm to 300 nm. The Nz coefficient of the Z-plate is, for example, 0.2 to 0.8, preferably 0.3 to 0.7, and more preferably 0.4 to 0.6. The Z-plate may exhibit reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics, positive wavelength dispersion characteristics, or flat wavelength dispersion characteristics.

[0077] The Z-plate can be made of any suitable material that satisfies the above characteristics. The Z-plate is made of, for example, a resin film. Examples of resins that can be used for the Z-plate include polyarylate resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyester resins, polyaryletherketone resins, polyamideimide resins, polyesterimide resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, polyfumaric acid ester resins, polyethersulfone resins, polysulfone resins, cycloolefin resins, polycarbonate resins, cellulose resins, and polyurethane resins. These resins can be used alone or in combination.

[0078] The resin constituting the Z-plate is preferably a cycloolefin resin, more preferably a norbornene resin, specifically a "cycloolefin resin obtained by hydrogenating a ring-opening polymer of a norbornene monomer" described in JP-A-2006-208925.

[0079] The Z-plate can be produced, for example, by laminating a high-shrinkage film (e.g., a polypropylene film) to both sides of a polymer film mainly composed of the above-mentioned resin, and then heat-stretching the film using a longitudinal uniaxial stretching method using a roll stretching machine. The high-shrinkage film is used to impart a shrinkage force in a direction perpendicular to the stretching direction during heat-stretching, thereby increasing the refractive index (nz) of the Z-plate in the thickness direction. There are no particular restrictions on the method for laminating the high-shrinkage film to both sides of the polymer film, but examples include a method in which an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive layer containing an acrylic polymer as a base polymer is provided between the polymer film and the high-shrinkage film to bond them together.

[0080] The thickness of the Z-plate is, for example, 20 μm to 200 μm, or, for example, 30 μm to 150 μm.

[0081] A first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 41 is provided between the polarizing member 13 and the first phase difference member 21. The first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 41 is disposed adjacent to the first phase difference member 21. The first phase difference member 21 is bonded to the laminated portion including the polarizing member 13 via the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 41.

[0082] The optical laminate 1 further includes a protective member 30 disposed in front of the first retardation member 21. The protective member 30 is laminated to the first retardation member 21 via a second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 42. In the display system 2, a space is typically formed between the optical laminate 1 and the first lens unit 16. The protective member 30 can be located on the outermost surface of the optical laminate 1, and can protect components disposed behind it (below in FIG. 2 ).

[0083] The protective member 30 typically includes a substrate. The thickness of the substrate is preferably 5 μm to 80 μm, more preferably 10 μm to 50 μm, and even more preferably 15 μm to 40 μm. The substrate may be made of any appropriate film. Examples of materials that form the main component of the film constituting the substrate include cellulose-based resins such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyester-based, polyvinyl alcohol-based, polycarbonate-based, polyamide-based, polyimide-based, polyethersulfone-based, polysulfone-based, polystyrene-based, cycloolefin-based resins such as polynorbornene, polyolefin-based, (meth)acrylic-based, and acetate-based resins.

[0084] The protective member 30 preferably has a substrate and a surface treatment layer formed on the substrate. The protective member 30 having the surface treatment layer can be arranged so that the surface treatment layer is located on the front side. Specifically, the surface treatment layer can be located on the outermost surface of the optical laminate 1. The surface treatment layer can have any appropriate function. For example, from the viewpoint of improving visibility, the surface treatment layer preferably has an anti-reflection function. The thickness of the surface treatment layer is preferably 0.5 μm to 10 μm, more preferably 1 μm to 7 μm, and even more preferably 2 μm to 5 μm.

[0085] Although not shown, the optical laminate 1 may have a third phase difference member that can be included in the display element 12. The third phase difference member can be disposed behind the polarizing element 13. The third phase difference member can be laminated to the polarizing element 13, for example, via an adhesive layer. The third phase difference member can be, for example, a λ / 4 member (hereinafter referred to as the third λ / 4 member). The same explanation as for the second λ / 4 member 22 can be applied to the third λ / 4 member. The angle between the absorption axis of the polarizing element 13 and the slow axis of the third phase difference member (third λ / 4 member) is, for example, 40° to 50°, or may be 42° to 48°, or may be approximately 45°. When the display element 12 is an organic EL display, providing the third λ / 4 member together with the polarizing element 13 can solve problems such as external light reflection and background glare caused by metal layers that can be included in the organic EL display. In addition, the problem of reflection caused by light leakage from the display element 12 in the display system 2 can be solved.

[0086] In the optical laminate 1, the adhesive layer used to laminate each member (layer) may be formed of an adhesive or a pressure-sensitive adhesive. Specifically, the adhesive layer may be an adhesive layer or a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. The thickness of the adhesive layer is, for example, 0.01 μm to 60 μm.

[0087] The polarizing film 13a included in the polarizing member 13 tends to shrink easily due to heating, etc., particularly along the absorption axis direction (e.g., the stretching direction in the manufacturing process of the polarizing film 13a). In the optical laminate 1, the dimensional change rate of the polarizing member 13 in the absorption axis direction is, for example, 0.50% or more. Because the polarizing member 13 may be included in the display element 12, it is easily affected by the heat of the display element 12. In the optical laminate 1, the dimensional change rate of the polarizing member 13 in the absorption axis direction is preferably 0.70% or less, more preferably 0.67% or less, even more preferably 0.65% or less, and particularly preferably 0.63% or less. Such a dimensional change rate can effectively suppress the influence on other components included in the optical laminate. The absorption axis direction of the polarizing member 13 corresponds to the absorption axis direction of the polarizing film 13a.

[0088] The members integrated with the polarizing member 13 may be affected by the shrinkage of the polarizing member 13. As described above, in the display system 2, a high degree of adjustment is required between the retardation values ​​of the first λ / 4 member 20 and the second λ / 4 member 22, and the retardation value of the first λ / 4 member 20 may be affected by the shrinkage of the polarizing member 13 and may change. By providing the first adhesive layer 41 between the polarizing member 13 and the first λ / 4 member 20 (first retardation member 21), the influence of the shrinkage of the polarizing member 13 on the first λ / 4 member 20 can be reduced (for example, dimensional change can be suppressed), and changes in the retardation value of the first λ / 4 member 20 can be suppressed.

[0089] In the optical laminate 1, the dimensional change rate in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing member 13 of the first retardation member 21 is, for example, 0.40% or more. The first λ / 4 member 20 composed of a liquid crystal alignment solidified layer can have a large change in retardation value even with a small dimensional change rate. In the optical laminate 1, the dimensional change rate in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing member 13 of the first retardation member 21 is preferably 0.67% or less, more preferably 0.65% or less, even more preferably 0.63% or less, and particularly preferably 0.60% or less. Such a dimensional change rate can effectively suppress changes in retardation value.

[0090] Furthermore, by providing the first adhesive layer 41 between the polarizing member 13 and the first λ / 4 member 20 (first phase difference member 21), the effect of shrinkage of the polarizing member 13 can be reduced, and, for example, dimensional changes of the second phase difference member 32 and / or the above-mentioned third phase difference member can be suppressed.

[0091] The dimensional change rate can be determined by placing a measurement sample in a heated environment at a temperature of 85° C. and a relative humidity of 85% for 120 hours, and measuring the change in dimension before and after heating.

[0092] The first adhesive layer 41 can be composed of any appropriate adhesive. Specific examples include acrylic adhesives, rubber adhesives, silicone adhesives, polyester adhesives, urethane adhesives, epoxy adhesives, and polyether adhesives. By adjusting the type, number, combination, and compounding ratio of the monomers forming the base resin of the adhesive, as well as the amount of crosslinking agent, reaction temperature, reaction time, etc., it is possible to prepare an adhesive having desired properties according to the purpose. The base resin of the adhesive may be used alone or in combination of two or more types. An acrylic resin is preferably used as the base resin. Specifically, the adhesive layer is preferably composed of an acrylic adhesive.

[0093] The elastic modulus of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 41 at 85° C. is preferably 0.07 MPa to 0.5 MPa, and more preferably 0.1 MPa to 0.3 MPa.

[0094] The thickness of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 41 is preferably 3 μm or more. On the other hand, the thickness of the first pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 41 is preferably 25 μm or less, and may be 20 μm or less, 15 μm or less, 10 μm or less, or 7 μm or less. Such a thickness can provide excellent smoothness.

[0095] The optical laminate 1 can be formed in a sheet shape. Typically, the planar shape of the optical laminate 1 can be formed into a rectangular shape, a rounded rectangular shape, or the like. In one embodiment, the long side of the optical laminate 1 is aligned with the absorption axis of the polarizing member 13, and the short side of the optical laminate 1 is aligned with the transmission axis of the polarizing member 13.

[0096] The present invention will be specifically described below using examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The test and evaluation methods used in the examples are as follows. The term "parts" means "parts by weight" unless otherwise specified, and the term "%" means "% by weight" unless otherwise specified.

[0097] (1) Thickness Thicknesses of 10 μm or less were measured using a scanning electron microscope (manufactured by JEOL Ltd., product name "JSM-7100F"). Thicknesses exceeding 10 μm were measured using a digital micrometer (manufactured by Anritsu Corporation, product name "KC-351C"). (2) Retardation Value Retardation values ​​at a predetermined wavelength were measured at 23°C using a retardation / ellipsoidal polarization measuring device (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments, product names "KOBRA-HBR" and "KOBRA-HBPR"). (3) Single Transmittance and Degree of Polarization of Polarizing Element The single transmittance Ts, parallel transmittance Tp, and crossed transmittance Tc of the polarizing element were measured using a spectrophotometer (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd., "LPF-200"). These Ts, Tp, and Tc are Y values ​​measured using a 2-degree visual field (C light source) according to JIS Z8701 and corrected for luminosity. The degree of polarization of the polarizing member was calculated from the obtained Tp and Tc using the following formula: Degree of polarization (%)={(Tp−Tc) / (Tp+Tc)} １／２ ×100 (4) Elastic Modulus A measurement object (for example, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer) was molded to a thickness of 2 mm by lamination. This molded product was punched into a disk shape with a diameter of 7.9 mm to prepare a test specimen. This test specimen was sandwiched between parallel plates, and dynamic viscoelasticity measurement was performed under the following conditions using a dynamic viscoelasticity measurement device ("Advanced Rheometric Expansion System (ARES)" manufactured by Rheometric Scientific), to determine the storage modulus at 85°C. (Measurement conditions) Deformation mode: torsion Measurement frequency: 1 Hz Measurement temperature: -40°C to +150°C Heating rate: 5°C / min

[0098] [Manufacturing Example 1] (Preparation of Absorptive Polarizing Film) A long, amorphous, isophthalic acid-copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness: 100 μm) with a Tg of approximately 75°C was used as the thermoplastic resin substrate. One side of the resin substrate was subjected to a corona treatment. A PVA-based resin (a 9:1 mixture of polyvinyl alcohol (degree of polymerization: 4200, degree of saponification: 99.2 mol%) and acetoacetyl-modified PVA (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, trade name "GOHSENEX Z410") was prepared by dissolving 100 parts by weight of the resulting PVA-based resin in water, along with 13 parts by weight of potassium iodide. The PVA-based resin was applied to the corona-treated surface of the resin substrate and dried at 60°C to form a 13 μm-thick PVA-based resin layer, producing a laminate. The resulting laminate was uniaxially stretched 2.4 times in the longitudinal direction (machine direction) in an oven at 130°C (in-air auxiliary stretching treatment). Next, the laminate was immersed for 30 seconds in an insolubilizing bath (a boric acid aqueous solution obtained by blending 4 parts by weight of boric acid with 100 parts by weight of water) at a liquid temperature of 40°C (insolubilization treatment). Next, the laminate was immersed for 60 seconds in a dyeing bath (an iodine aqueous solution obtained by blending iodine and potassium iodide in a weight ratio of 1:7 with 100 parts by weight of water) at a liquid temperature of 30°C while adjusting the concentration so that the single-unit transmittance (Ts) of the finally obtained absorptive polarizing film would have a desired value (dyeing treatment). Next, the laminate was immersed for 30 seconds in a crosslinking bath (a boric acid aqueous solution obtained by blending 3 parts by weight of potassium iodide and 5 parts by weight of boric acid with 100 parts by weight of water) at a liquid temperature of 40°C (crosslinking treatment). The laminate was then immersed in a boric acid aqueous solution (boric acid concentration: 4 wt %, potassium iodide concentration: 5 wt %) at a liquid temperature of 70°C and uniaxially stretched in the longitudinal direction (machine direction) between rolls operating at different peripheral speeds to a total stretch ratio of 5.5 (underwater stretching treatment). The laminate was then immersed in a cleaning bath (aqueous solution obtained by blending 4 parts by weight of potassium iodide with 100 parts by weight of water) at a liquid temperature of 20°C (washing treatment). The laminate was then dried in an oven maintained at approximately 90°C and brought into contact with a stainless steel heated roll maintained at a surface temperature of approximately 75°C (drying shrinkage treatment). The shrinkage rate of the laminate in the width direction due to the drying shrinkage treatment was 5.2%. In this manner, an absorptive polarizing film having a thickness of approximately 5 μm was formed on the resin substrate.

[0099] (Preparation of Polarizing Element) A 40 μm-thick acrylic film having a lactone ring structure was bonded as a protective layer to the surface of the obtained absorptive polarizing film (the surface opposite to the resin substrate) via a UV-curable adhesive. Specifically, the curable adhesive was applied to a thickness of 2 μm, and the layers were bonded using a roller. The adhesive was then cured by irradiating it with UV light from the acrylic film side. The resin substrate was then peeled off. In this way, a polarizing element having an acrylic film / absorptive polarizing film configuration was obtained. The polarizing element had a single transmittance (Ts) of 43.4% and a polarization degree of 99.993%.

[0100] [Production Example 2] (Formation of λ / 4 Member) 55 parts of a compound represented by the following formula (I), 25 parts of a compound represented by the following formula (II), and 20 parts of a compound represented by the following formula (III) were added to 400 parts of cyclopentanone (CPN), heated to 60°C, and stirred to dissolve. After dissolution was confirmed, the mixture was returned to room temperature, and 3 parts of Irgacure 907 (manufactured by BASF Japan Ltd.), 0.2 parts of Megafac F-554 (manufactured by DIC Corporation), and 0.1 parts of p-methoxyphenol (MEHQ) were added, followed by further stirring to obtain a solution. The solution was transparent and homogeneous. The resulting solution was filtered through a 0.20 μm membrane filter to obtain a polymerizable composition. The polyimide solution for alignment film was applied to a 0.7 mm-thick glass substrate using a spin coating method, dried at 100°C for 10 minutes, and then baked at 200°C for 60 minutes to obtain a coating film. The resulting coating film was subjected to a rubbing treatment using a commercially available rubbing device to form an alignment film. The polymerizable composition obtained above was applied to the alignment film (substrate) by spin coating and dried at 100°C for 2 minutes. After cooling the resulting coating film to room temperature, it was irradiated with 30 mW / cm using a high-pressure mercury lamp. ２ The resulting liquid crystal alignment layer had an in-plane retardation Re(550) of 130 nm, an Re(450) / Re(550) ratio of 0.851, and exhibited reverse wavelength dispersion characteristics.

[0101]

[0102] (Formation of Positive C Plate) A liquid crystal coating solution was prepared by dissolving 20 parts by weight of a side-chain liquid crystal polymer represented by the following chemical formula (1) (the numbers 65 and 35 in the formula indicate the mole percent of the monomer unit, and are conveniently represented as a block polymer; weight-average molecular weight 5000), 80 parts by weight of a polymerizable liquid crystal exhibiting a nematic liquid crystal phase (manufactured by BASF: trade name Paliocolor LC242), and 5 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by Ciba Specialty Chemicals: trade name Irgacure 907) in 200 parts by weight of cyclopentanone. The coating solution was then applied to a PET substrate that had been subjected to a vertical alignment treatment using a bar coater, and the liquid crystal was aligned by heating and drying at 80°C for 4 minutes. The liquid crystal layer was irradiated with ultraviolet light to harden the liquid crystal layer, thereby forming a positive C plate with a thickness of 4 μm and an Rth(550) of −100 nm on the substrate.

[0103] (Preparation of First Retardation Member) The positive C plate was attached to the λ / 4 member (liquid crystal alignment solidified layer) via a 2 μm-thick curable adhesive layer, and then the substrate was removed to obtain a first retardation member.

[0104] [Production Example 3] (Preparation of Positive B Plate) A positive B plate having refractive index characteristics of nz > nx > ny was prepared as follows. 48 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "Metolose 60SH-50"), 15,601 parts by weight of distilled water, 8,161 parts by weight of diisopropyl fumarate, 240 parts by weight of 3-ethyl-3-oxetanylmethyl acrylate, and 45 parts by weight of the polymerization initiator t-butyl peroxypivalate were placed in an autoclave equipped with a stirrer, a cooling tube, a nitrogen inlet tube, and a thermometer. Nitrogen bubbling was performed for 1 hour, and then the mixture was stirred at 49°C for 24 hours to carry out radical suspension polymerization. The mixture was then cooled to room temperature, and the suspension containing the produced polymer particles was centrifuged. The resulting polymer was washed twice with distilled water and twice with methanol, and then dried under reduced pressure to obtain a fumarate ester-based resin. The obtained fumarate ester resin was dissolved in a toluene-methyl ethyl ketone mixed solution (toluene / methyl ethyl ketone 50% by weight / 50% by weight) to obtain a solution with a solids concentration of 20% by weight. Furthermore, 5 parts by weight of tributyl trimellitate as a plasticizer was added to 100 parts by weight of the fumarate ester resin to obtain a dope. A biaxially stretched polyester (polyethylene terephthalate / isophthalate copolymer) film with a thickness of 75 μm and a width of 1350 mm was used as the support film. The rolled support film was set in the unwinding section of a film-forming device, and while the support film was unwound and conveyed downstream, the obtained dope was coated onto the support film to a film thickness of 20 μm after drying and dried at 140°C to obtain a laminate. The obtained laminate was set in the unwinding section of a stretching device, and while the laminate was unwound and conveyed downstream, it was subjected to free-end uniaxial stretching in a stretching furnace at a temperature of 140°C. The support film was peeled off from the stretched laminate to obtain a positive B plate (thickness 5 μm, Re(550): 35 nm, Rth(550): −85 nm).

[0105] (Preparation of Negative B Plate) A stretched film of a cycloolefin resin film (manufactured by Zeon Corporation, trade name: ZT12, thickness: 18 μm, Re(550): 116 nm, Rth(550): 139 nm) was prepared as a negative B plate.

[0106] (Preparation of Second Retardation Member) The positive B plate was attached to one side of the negative B plate via a 2 μm-thick curable adhesive layer to obtain a second retardation member. In the second retardation member, the angle between the slow axis of the negative B plate and the slow axis of the positive B plate was 0°.

[0107] [Production Example 4] (Preparation of Protective Member) The following hard coat layer-forming material was applied to an acrylic film (thickness: 40 μm) having a lactone ring structure and heated at 90° C. for 1 minute. After heating, the applied layer was irradiated with a high-pressure mercury lamp at an integrated light intensity of 300 mJ / cm ２ The coating layer was cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays of 1000 W / cm 2 with the acrylic film (thickness: 44 μm) on which a hard coat layer of 4 μm in thickness was formed. Next, the antireflection layer-forming coating solution A described below was applied onto the hard coat layer using a wire bar, and the applied coating solution was heated at 80°C for 1 minute and dried to form a coating film. The dried coating film was then irradiated with ultraviolet rays of 1000 W / cm 2 with the acrylic film (thickness: 44 μm). ２ The coating film was cured by irradiating it with ultraviolet light of 1000 kJ / cm to form an antireflection layer A having a thickness of 140 nm. Subsequently, the following coating solution B for forming an antireflection layer was applied onto the antireflection layer A using a wire bar, and the applied coating solution was heated at 80°C for 1 minute and dried to form a coating film. The dried coating film was irradiated with ultraviolet light of 1000 kJ / cm to form an antireflection layer A having a thickness of 140 nm. ２ The coating film was cured by irradiation with ultraviolet light of 1000 .ANG. to form an antireflection layer B having a thickness of 105 nm. In this way, a protective member (thickness: 44 .mu.m) was obtained.

[0108] (Hard Coat Layer-Forming Material) A hard coat layer-forming material was prepared by mixing 50 parts of a urethane acrylic oligomer (manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., "NK Oligo UA-53H"), 30 parts of a polyfunctional acrylate containing pentaerythritol triacrylate as a main component (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd., trade name "Viscoat #300"), 20 parts of 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd.), 1 part of a leveling agent (manufactured by DIC Corporation, "GRANDIC PC4100") and 3 parts of a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by Ciba Japan KK, "Irgacure 907") and diluting with methyl isobutyl ketone to a solids concentration of 50%.

[0109] (Anti-reflection layer-forming coating solution A) 100 parts by weight of a polyfunctional acrylate (manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name "Opstar KZ6728", solid content 20 wt%), 3 parts by weight of a leveling agent (manufactured by DIC Corporation, "GRANDIC PC4100"), and 3 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by BASF Corporation, trade name "OMNIRAD907", solid content 100 wt%) were mixed. This mixture was diluted with butyl acetate as a dilution solvent to a solid content of 12 wt%, and the mixture was stirred to prepare anti-reflection layer-forming coating solution A.

[0110] (Anti-Reflection Layer-Forming Coating Solution B) 100 parts by weight of a polyfunctional acrylate containing pentaerythritol triacrylate as a main component (manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Industry Ltd., trade name "Viscoat #300", solid content 100% by weight), 150 parts by weight of hollow nanosilica particles (manufactured by JGC Catalysts and Chemicals Industries, Ltd., trade name "Surulia 5320", solid content 20% by weight, weight average particle diameter 75 nm), 50 parts by weight of solid nanosilica particles (manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., trade name "MEK-2140Z-AC", solid content 30% by weight, weight average particle diameter 10 nm), 12 parts by weight of a fluorine-containing additive (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name "KY-1203", solid content 20% by weight), and 3 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (manufactured by BASF, trade name "OMNIRAD907", solid content 100% by weight) were mixed. To this mixture was added a mixed solvent of TBA (tertiary butyl alcohol), MIBK (methyl isobutyl ketone), and PMA (propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate) in a weight ratio of 60:25:15 as a dilution solvent, so that the total solid content was 4% by weight, and the mixture was stirred to prepare coating solution B for forming an anti-reflection layer.

[0111] [Production Example 5] (Formation of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Layer A) A four-neck flask equipped with a stirring blade, a thermometer, a nitrogen gas inlet tube, and a condenser was charged with a monomer mixture containing 92 parts by weight of butyl acrylate, 2.9 parts by weight of acrylic acid, 0.1 parts by weight of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, and 5 parts by weight of N-acryloylmorpholine. Furthermore, 0.1 parts by weight of 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile as a polymerization initiator and 200 parts by weight of ethyl acetate were charged to 100 parts by weight of this monomer mixture. Nitrogen gas was introduced while gently stirring to replace the atmosphere in the flask with nitrogen, and the liquid temperature in the flask was maintained at around 55°C for 8 hours to carry out a polymerization reaction, thereby preparing an acrylic polymer solution having a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 1,780,000. The acrylic polymer solution was applied to a substrate film, and the resulting coating on the substrate film was dried in an oven to form a 5 μm-thick pressure-sensitive adhesive layer A (elastic modulus: 0.13 MPa).

[0112] [Production Example 6] (Formation of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Layer B) A monomer mixture containing 94.9 parts by weight of butyl acrylate, 5 parts by weight of acrylic acid, and 0.1 parts by weight of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate was charged into a four-neck flask equipped with a stirring blade, a thermometer, a nitrogen gas inlet tube, and a condenser. Furthermore, 0.3 parts by weight of dibenzoyl peroxide as a polymerization initiator was charged together with ethyl acetate per 100 parts by weight of this monomer mixture. Nitrogen gas was introduced into the flask with gentle stirring to replace the atmosphere with nitrogen, and the liquid temperature in the flask was maintained at 60°C to carry out a polymerization reaction for 7 hours. Ethyl acetate was then added to the resulting reaction solution to adjust the solids concentration to 30% by weight, thereby preparing a solution of an acrylic polymer having a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of 2,200,000. An acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive was prepared by blending 0.6 parts by weight of a trimethylolpropane / tolylene diisocyanate adduct (trade name: Coronate L, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) and 0.075 parts by weight of a silane coupling agent (trade name: KBM403, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) with 100 parts by weight of the solids content of the obtained acrylic polymer solution. The obtained acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive was applied to a substrate film, and the resulting coating film on the substrate film was dried in an oven to form pressure-sensitive adhesive layers B (elastic modulus: 0.10 MPa) with thicknesses of 23 μm and 15 μm.

[0113] Example 1 The second retardation member obtained in Production Example 3 was bonded to the absorptive polarizing film side of the polarizing member obtained in Production Example 1 via a 2 μm-thick curable adhesive layer. The polarizing member was bonded so that the absorption axis of the polarizing member was perpendicular to the slow axes of the negative B plate and the positive B plate. The negative B plate of the second retardation member was bonded to the polarizing member side. Next, the first retardation member obtained in Production Example 2 was bonded to the positive B plate side of the second retardation member via a 5 μm-thick adhesive layer A obtained in Production Example 5. The first retardation member was bonded to the positive B plate side of the second retardation member via a 5 μm-thick adhesive layer A obtained in Production Example 5. The first retardation member was bonded to the polarizing member side so that the absorption axis of the polarizing member and the slow axis of the λ / 4 member of the first retardation member formed an angle of 45°. The λ / 4 member of the first retardation member was bonded to the polarizing member side. Next, the protective member obtained in Production Example 4 was bonded to the positive C plate side of the first retardation member via a 15 μm-thick adhesive layer B obtained in Production Example 6. The protective member was bonded so that the acrylic film of the protective member was bonded to the polarizing member side. In this way, an optical laminate was obtained.

[0114] [Example 2] An optical laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer B having a thickness of 23 μm obtained in Production Example 6 was used when bonding the second retardation member and the first retardation member.

[0115] [Example 3] An optical laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer B having a thickness of 15 μm obtained in Production Example 6 was used when bonding the second retardation member and the first retardation member.

[0116] Comparative Example 1 An optical laminate was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the second retardation member and the first retardation member were bonded together via a curable adhesive layer having a thickness of 2 μm.

[0117] <Evaluation> The following evaluations were performed for each Example and Comparative Example. The evaluation results are summarized in Table 1. 1. Retardation Change The obtained optical laminate was subjected to a heating test under the following conditions, and the retardation values ​​(in-plane retardation) before and after the heating test were measured to calculate the retardation change. Specifically, using the above-mentioned retardation / ellipsoidal polarization measuring device, light with a wavelength of 550 nm was incident on the polarizing member side of the optical laminate at 23°C, and the in-plane retardation Re(550) was measured. Note that the in-plane retardation of the optical laminate may correspond to the in-plane retardation of a λ / 4 member. The retardation change shown in Table 1 is a value calculated from the formula: retardation value after heating test - retardation value before heating test. Heating test 1: Heated for 168 hours in an environment of 65°C and 90% relative humidity. Heating test 2: Heat cycle test. Heating test 3: Heated for 120 hours in an environment of 85°C and 85% relative humidity. In the heat cycle test, the sample was placed in an environment of 85°C and 0% relative humidity for 30 minutes, and then in an environment of -40°C and 0% relative humidity for 30 minutes. This operation was repeated 100 times in total.

[0118] 2. Dimensional Change Rate The following λ / 4 member (stretched film) was bonded to the polarizing member side of the obtained optical laminate via a 12 μm-thick adhesive layer as a third retardation member. Then, the 15 μm-thick adhesive layer B obtained in Production Example 6 was laminated on the surface of the λ / 4 member. From this, a measurement sample having a rectangular shape in plan view, measuring 23 mm long and 20 mm short, was cut out. The long side was cut along the absorption axis of the polarizing member. The obtained measurement sample was bonded to a glass plate having linear edges in plan view. The glass plate was bonded so that the linear edges of the glass plate and the long side of the measurement sample were aligned. Then, a marking line M was made on the glass plate. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 , a marking line M parallel to the short side of the measurement sample was made at positions spaced outward from both ends of the long side of the measurement sample S on the glass plate G. Thereafter, the distance d between the marking line M and the edge (short side) of the measurement sample S was measured using an industrial microscope (manufactured by Evident, "MX63") at a magnification of 10x. １ , d ２After that, the measurement sample bonded to the glass plate was placed in a heated environment at a temperature of 85°C and a relative humidity of 85% for 120 hours, and then the distance d between the end side (short side) of each member included in the measurement sample S and the marking line M was measured. １ , d ２ The dimensional change rates shown in Table 1 were calculated from the formula: (dimension of long side before heating - dimension of long side after heating) / dimension of long side before heating.

[0119] (Preparation of λ / 4 Member) Polymerization was carried out using a batch polymerization apparatus consisting of two vertical reactors equipped with stirring blades and reflux condensers controlled at 100° C. Bis[9-(2-phenoxycarbonylethyl)fluoren-9-yl]methane (29.60 parts by mass, 0.046 mol), isosorbide (ISB) (29.21 parts by mass, 0.200 mol), spiroglycol (SPG) (42.28 parts by mass, 0.139 mol), diphenyl carbonate (DPC) (63.77 parts by mass, 0.298 mol), and calcium acetate monohydrate (1.19 × 10) as a catalyst. －２ Parts by mass (6.78×10 －５ mol) was charged. After purging the reactor with nitrogen under reduced pressure, heating was performed with a heat medium, and stirring was initiated when the internal temperature reached 100°C. 40 minutes after the start of the temperature increase, the internal temperature reached 220°C, and while controlling to maintain this temperature, pressure reduction was initiated. 90 minutes after reaching 220°C, the pressure was reduced to 13.3 kPa. Phenol vapor by-produced during the polymerization reaction was introduced into a reflux condenser at 100°C, and a small amount of monomer components contained in the phenol vapor were returned to the reactor, while uncondensed phenol vapor was introduced into a condenser at 45°C and recovered. Nitrogen was introduced into the first reactor, and the pressure was temporarily restored to atmospheric pressure. The oligomerized reaction liquid in the first reactor was then transferred to the second reactor. Next, heating and pressure reduction in the second reactor were initiated, and the internal temperature reached 240°C and the pressure reached 0.2 kPa in 50 minutes. The polymerization was then allowed to proceed until the predetermined stirring power was reached. When the predetermined power was reached, nitrogen was introduced into the reactor to restore pressure, and the polyester carbonate resin produced was extruded into water, and the strands were cut to obtain pellets.

[0120] The obtained polyester carbonate resin (pellets) was vacuum dried at 80 ° C for 5 hours, and then a film-forming device equipped with a single-screw extruder (manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd., cylinder set temperature: 250 ° C), a T-die (width 200 mm, set temperature: 250 ° C), a chill roll (set temperature: 120-130 ° C), and a winder was used to produce a long resin film with a thickness of 135 μm. The obtained long resin film was stretched in the width direction at a stretching temperature of 143 ° C and a stretch ratio of 2.8 times to obtain a stretched film with a thickness of 47 μm. The Re (550) of the obtained stretched film was 143 nm, Re (450) / Re (550) was 0.86, and the Nz coefficient was 1.12.

[0121]

[0122] Compared with Comparative Example 1, in each Example, the dimensional change rate of each member was low, and the change in retardation due to the heating test was significantly low.

[0123] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible. For example, the configurations shown in the above-described embodiment can be replaced with configurations that are substantially the same as those shown in the above-described embodiment, that have the same effects, or that can achieve the same purpose.

[0124] A display system according to an embodiment of the present invention can be used in a display such as VR goggles, for example.

[0125] REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Optical laminate, 2 Display system, 12 Display element, 12a Display surface, 13 Polarizing member, 13a Polarizing film, 13b Protective layer, 14 Reflecting portion (reflective polarizing member), 16 First lens portion, 18 Half mirror, 20 First λ / 4 member, 21 First phase difference member, 22 Second λ / 4 member, 23 Other phase difference layer, 24 Second lens portion, 30 Protective member, 32 Second phase difference member, 41 First pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, 42 Second pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

Claims

1. An optical laminate for use in a display method, comprising the steps of: passing light representing an image emitted through a polarizing element through a first λ / 4 element; passing the light that has passed through the first λ / 4 element through a half mirror and a first lens portion; passing the light that has passed through the half mirror and the first lens portion through a second λ / 4 element; reflecting the light that has passed through the second λ / 4 element toward the half mirror with a reflective polarizing element; and allowing the light reflected by the reflective polarizing element and the half mirror to pass through the reflective polarizing element by the second λ / 4 element, wherein the optical laminate comprises the polarizing element, a first phase difference element including the first λ / 4 element, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer disposed between the polarizing element and the first phase difference element, wherein in the optical laminate, the dimensional change rate in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing element is 0.50% or more, and the first λ / 4 element is a liquid crystal alignment solidified layer, The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a modulus of elasticity at 85° C. of 0.07 MPa to 0.5 MPa.

2. The optical laminate according to claim 1, wherein in the optical laminate, the dimensional change rate in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing member of the first phase difference member is 0.67% or less.

3. The optical laminate according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first λ / 4 member is 5 μm or less.

4. The optical laminate according to claim 1, wherein the first retardation member further comprises another retardation layer.

5. The optical laminate according to claim 1, further comprising a second phase difference member disposed between the polarizing member and the first phase difference member.

6. A display system for displaying an image to a user, comprising: a display element having a display surface which emits light representing an image forward via a polarizing member; a reflective polarizing member arranged in front of the display element and reflecting the light emitted from the display element; a first lens section arranged on an optical path between the display element and the reflective polarizing member; a half mirror arranged between the display element and the first lens section, which transmits the light emitted from the display element and reflects the light reflected by the reflective polarizing member towards the reflective polarizing member; a first λ / 4 member arranged on an optical path between the display element and the half mirror; and a second λ / 4 member arranged on an optical path between the half mirror and the reflective polarizing member; and an optical laminate having the polarizing member, a first phase difference member including the first λ / 4 member, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer arranged between the polarizing member and the first phase difference member, wherein in the optical laminate, the dimensional change rate in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing member is 0.50% or more, and the first λ / 4 member is a liquid crystal alignment solidified layer, The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an elastic modulus of 0.07 MPa to 0.5 MPa at 85° C.

7. The display system according to claim 6, wherein in the optical laminate, the dimensional change rate in the absorption axis direction of the polarizing member of the first phase difference member is 0.67% or less.

8. The display system of claim 6, wherein the first λ / 4 member has a thickness of 5 μm or less.

9. The display system according to claim 6, wherein the first retardation member further includes another retardation layer.

10. The display system of claim 6, wherein the optical stack further comprises a second retardation member disposed between the polarizing member and the first retardation member.

11. The display system according to claim 6, wherein an absolute value of a difference between the in-plane retardation (a) of the first λ / 4 component and the in-plane retardation (b) of the second λ / 4 component is 3.5 nm or less.

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