The system combines GNSS data and accelerometer sensors in monitoring bridge structures.

Abstract

The proposed bridge structural health monitoring system utilizes dual-frequency GNSS data and a three-axis MEMS accelerometer, combined with a Kalman filter, to determine the dynamic displacement and vibration parameters of the bridge. GNSS data is used to correct accelerometer drift errors, while the accelerometer provides additional high-frequency vibration information for displacement. A GNSS-PPS time-synchronized system, signal preprocessing, and spectral computation determine the natural vibration frequency, amplitude, and damping coefficient. Monitoring results (dynamic displacement, vibration spectrum) are displayed, and alerts are triggered when abnormal vibrations occur. The solution improves monitoring accuracy, enhances the detection of small vibrations, and supports real-time bridge monitoring.

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