Data transmission method and apparatus, and communication device

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of communications. Disclosed are a data transmission method and apparatus, and a communication device. The data transmission method in the embodiments of the present application comprises: a first node sending first indication information to a data providing node, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating a data transmission mode.

Description

Data transmission method, device and communication equipment

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202310705334.8 filed in China on June 14, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application belongs to the field of communication technology, and specifically relates to a data transmission method, apparatus and communication equipment. Background Art

[0004] In communications systems, the control plane is responsible for transmitting and processing system coordination signaling. In related technologies, data transmission between terminals and radio access network functions or core network functions during minimization of drive tests (MDT), quality of experience (QoE), or positioning is based on control plane bearers (such as signaling radio bearers (SRBs)), which provide limited data transmission flexibility.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method, apparatus, and communication equipment, which can solve the problem of poor flexibility in data transmission.

[0007] In a first aspect, a data transmission method is provided, comprising:

[0008] The first node sends first indication information to the data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

[0009] In a second aspect, a data transmission method is provided, comprising:

[0010] The second node receives a first request sent by the first node, where the first request is used to request determination of a data transmission mode;

[0011] The second node sends a first response to the first node according to the first request.

[0012] In a third aspect, a data transmission method is provided, comprising:

[0013] The data providing node receives first indication information sent by the first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, a data transmission device is provided. A first node includes the data transmission device, including:

[0015] The first sending module is configured to send first indication information to the data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

[0016] In a fifth aspect, a data transmission device is provided, wherein the second node includes the data transmission device, including:

[0017] A fourth receiving module is configured to receive a first request sent by the first node, where the first request is used to request determination of a data transmission mode;

[0018] A third sending module is configured to send a first response to the first node according to the first request.

[0019] In a sixth aspect, a data transmission device is provided, wherein a data providing node includes the data transmission device, including:

[0020] The fifth receiving module is used to receive first indication information sent by the first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

[0021] In the seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect are implemented.

[0022] In an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided, which is a first node and includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: send first indication information to a data providing node, and the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission method.

[0023] In the ninth aspect, a communication device is provided, which is a second node and includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: receive a first request sent by a first node, the first request being used to request determination of a data transmission method; and send a first response to the first node according to the first request.

[0024] In the tenth aspect, a communication device is provided, which is a data providing node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: receive first indication information sent by a first node, and the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission method.

[0025] In the eleventh aspect, a data transmission system is provided, including: a first node, a second node and a data providing node, wherein the first node can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the first aspect, the second node can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the second aspect, and the data providing node can be used to execute the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0026] In the twelfth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in the first aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect are implemented, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect are implemented.

[0027] In the thirteenth aspect, a chip is provided, which includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the processor are coupled, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the method as described in the first aspect, or implement the method as described in the second aspect, or implement the steps of the method as described in the third aspect.

[0028] In the fourteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and is executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect, or the steps of the method described in the second aspect, or the steps of the method described in the third aspect.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present application, the first node sends a first indication message to the data providing node, and the first indication message is used to indicate the data transmission method. In this way, the transmission method of data transmission indicated by the first indication message is supported, thereby avoiding the data being solely carried and transmitted by the control plane, and improving the flexibility of data transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system to which embodiments of the present application may be applied;

[0031] FIG2 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a user plane protocol stack (User Plane Protocol Stack) in the related art;

[0033] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a control plane protocol stack (Control Plane Protocol Stack) in the related art;

[0034] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a positioning protocol stack between a UE and an LMF in the related art;

[0035] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a positioning protocol stack between an NG RAN and an LMF in the related art;

[0036] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a data plane provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a data plane protocol architecture terminated in a wireless access network according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a data plane protocol architecture of a UE, a radio access network, and a core network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a protocol layer structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG11 is a second flowchart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG12 is a third flowchart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG13 is a structural diagram of a data transmission device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG14 is a second structural diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG15 is a third structural diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a network side device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG19 is a second structural diagram of a network-side device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] The terms "first", "second", etc. in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way are interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same type, and do not limit the number of objects, for example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "or" in this application represents at least one of the connected objects. For example, "A or B" covers three options, namely, Option 1: including A but not including B; Option 2: including B but not including A; Option 3: including both A and B. The character " / " generally indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0051] The term "indication" in this application can be either a direct indication (or explicit indication) or an indirect indication (or implicit indication). A direct indication can be understood as the sender explicitly informing the receiver of specific information, the operation to be performed, or the requested result, etc. in the instruction sent; an indirect indication can be understood as the receiver determining the corresponding information based on the instruction sent by the sender, or making a judgment and determining the operation to be performed or the requested result, etc. based on the judgment result.

[0052] It is worth noting that the technology described in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to the Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) system, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in the embodiments of the present application are often used interchangeably, and the technology described can be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as for other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes a New Radio (NR) system for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description, but these technologies can also be applied to systems other than NR systems, such as 6th generation (6G) systems. thGeneration, 6G) communication system.

[0053] FIG1 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. The terminal 11 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a laptop computer (Laptop Computer), a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld computer, a netbook, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a mobile internet device (MID), an augmented reality (AR), a virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device (Wearable Device), an aircraft (Flight Vehicle), a vehicle-mounted device (VUE), a ship-mounted device, a pedestrian user equipment (PUE), a smart home (home appliances with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), a game console, a personal computer (PC), an ATM, or a self-service machine, or other terminal-side devices. Wearable devices include: smart watches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart bracelets, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. Among them, the vehicle-mounted device can also be called a vehicle-mounted terminal, a vehicle-mounted controller, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip or a vehicle-mounted unit, etc. In addition to the above-mentioned terminal devices, it can also be a chip in the terminal, such as a modem chip, a system-on-chip (SoC). It should be noted that the specific type of the terminal 11 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. The network side device 12 may include an access network device or a core network device, wherein the access network device may also be called a radio access network (RAN) device, a radio access network function or a radio access network unit. The access network device may include a base station, a wireless local area network (WLAN) access point (AS) or a wireless fidelity (WiFi) node, etc.Among them, the base station can be referred to as Node B (NB), Evolved Node B (eNB), the next generation Node B (gNB), New Radio Node B (NR Node B), access point, Relay Base Station (RBS), Serving Base Station (SBS), Base Transceiver Station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), Home Node B (HNB), Home Evolved Node B (home evolved Node B), Transmission Reception Point (TRP) or other appropriate terms in the field. As long as the same technical effect is achieved, the base station is not limited to specific technical vocabulary. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, only the base station in the NR system is used as an example for introduction, and the specific type of the base station is not limited.

[0054] The core network equipment may include but is not limited to at least one of the following: core network node, core network function, mobility management entity (MME), access mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), user plane function (UPF), policy control function (PCF), policy and charging rules function unit (PCRF), edge application service discovery function (EASDF), unified data management (UDM), unified data repository (UDR), home user server (HSS), centralized network configuration (CNC), network storage function (NRF), network exposure function (NEF), local NEF (L-NEF), binding support function (BSF), application function ( It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, only the core network device in the NR system is introduced as an example, and the specific type of the core network device is not limited.

[0055] The data transmission method, apparatus, and communication device provided in the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to some embodiments and their application scenarios in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] Referring to FIG. 2 , FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2 , the data transmission method includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 101: A first node sends first indication information to a data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

[0058] The data transmission mode may include: carrying data based on the data plane, carrying data based on a data bearer mode, carrying data based on the user plane, carrying data based on a protocol data unit (PDU) session mode, carrying data based on the control plane, etc. This embodiment does not limit the specific data transmission mode. The data transmission mode may be a data bearer mode for data transmission. The first indication information may be used to indicate the data bearer mode for data transmission.

[0059] In addition, after the first node sends the first indication information to the data providing node, the first node may receive data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.

[0060] In one implementation, when the data providing node supports the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information, the first node receives data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.

[0061] In addition, before the first node sends the first indication information to the data providing node, the first node sends a first request to the second node, and the first request is used to request to determine the data transmission method, and the first node receives the first response sent by the second node according to the first request, wherein the first indication information is determined based on the first response, so that the first node, the second node and the data providing node cooperate to realize data transmission; or, the first node can determine the transmission method for the data providing node to transmit data based on the data transmission method supported by the data providing node; or, the first node can also determine the transmission method for the data providing node to transmit data considering the network environment; and so on. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0062] It should be noted that the first indication information can be used to indicate the transmission mode of data transmission, which may include positioning data transmission, perception data transmission, computing data transmission, or artificial intelligence (AI) data transmission, etc., thereby realizing the transmission requirements of positioning, perception, computing and AI data.

[0063] The positioning data includes assistance data, location information, positioning measurement, etc. provided or received by user equipment (UE) and / or base station, such as Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) assistance data, sensor assistance data, WLAN assistance data, GNSS position information, Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) position information, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), etc. in positioning protocols such as NR protocol TS37.355 and 38.455.

[0064] The perception data includes auxiliary data, perception results, and perception measurements. Auxiliary data includes location information and auxiliary data from sensors (such as cameras and gyroscopes). Perception results include speed, distance, angle, rainfall, intrusion, and respiratory rate. Perception measurement results include complex results of signals received by the UE and / or base station or their channel responses, such as amplitude / phase, I / Q paths, and related calculation results. Perception measurement results also include measurement data obtained based on processing of received signals or raw channel information, such as delay, Doppler, angle, intensity, and multi-dimensional combinations thereof.

[0065] The computing data includes auxiliary data, computing service input data, computing service output data, etc. Auxiliary data includes computing service information (used to indicate the service provided or service identification, such as rendering service, AI inference service, etc.) and computing load information (used to indicate the computing load status, such as rendering service load 30%, Central Processing Unit (CPU) utilization, etc.); computing service input / output data is the input / output information of the requested computing service, such as the input data of the rendering service is audio and video description files, and the output data is a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image.

[0066] The AI ​​data includes AI model training data, AI model data, etc., where AI model training data refers to data used to train the AI ​​model; AI model data refers to the AI ​​model itself, including model structure, parameters, etc.

[0067] In addition, the data providing node can be a terminal, and the first node is a core network function; or the data providing node can be a terminal, and the first node is a wireless access network function; or the data providing node can be a base station, and the first node is a core network function; or the data providing node can be a base station, and the first node can be a terminal; the data providing node can be a terminal, and the first node can be a wireless access network function; and so on; the data providing node and the first node can be flexibly set according to needs, so as to flexibly support data termination in the wireless access network, core network or terminal according to needs.

[0068] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application can be used in 5.5G or 6G systems or subsequent evolution systems.

[0069] In a specific embodiment, the first indication information may be transmission mode indication information. The first node sends the transmission mode indication information to a data provision function, which may be a user equipment (UE) and / or a base station. The data provision function sends data to the first node based on the indicated transmission mode. The transmission mode includes being based on the data plane or data bearer, or based on the user plane or PDU session bearer. In this embodiment, the first node sends a first request to the second node. The second node (e.g., a data plane control function) sends a first response to the first node based on the first request. The first response includes at least acceptance of the first request and a data plane bearer identifier. In this embodiment, the UE and the first node exchange capabilities. The capabilities include at least the capability of positioning, sensing, computing, or AI data transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer, or the capability of positioning, sensing, computing, or AI data transmission or reporting based on the user plane or PDU session. In this embodiment, the base station and the second node establish an Nx interface.

[0070] In related technologies, terminal data collection, configuration, and reporting, such as MDT, QoE, and positioning, are all based on control plane bearers (such as Signaling Radio Bearer (SRB)). Related configuration information and data reporting are all transmitted over control plane bearers. With the introduction of perception, computing, and AI, the amount of data required for internal network data collection and transmission ranges from small amounts of data transmission to large amounts of data (hundreds of megabytes to hundreds of gigabits). Related technologies are exploring user-plane-based positioning or perception data transmission. If user-plane-based solutions are defined separately for positioning, perception, computing, or AI (such as AI training data, AI model data), multiple protocol stacks may be generated, leading to complex network and terminal functions. Furthermore, because the user plane termination point is the application function after the UE and the user plane function (UPF), user-plane-based solutions cannot support data termination at the radio access network node. Future 6G protocol design needs to consider forming a unified and flexible solution in terms of architecture and protocol to meet potential network internal data collection and transmission needs.

[0071] In an embodiment of the present application, the first node sends a first indication message to the data providing node, and the first indication message is used to indicate the data transmission method. In this way, the transmission method of data transmission indicated by the first indication message is supported, thereby avoiding the data being solely carried and transmitted by the control plane, and improving the flexibility of data transmission.

[0072] Optionally, after the first node sends the first indication information to the data providing node, the method further includes:

[0073] The first node receives data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.

[0074] Among them, when the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information includes carrying data based on the data plane, the first node receives the data sent by the data providing node based on the data plane; when the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information includes carrying data based on the data carrying mode, the first node receives the data sent by the data providing node based on the data carrying mode; when the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information includes carrying data based on the user plane, the first node receives the data sent by the data providing node based on the user plane; when the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information includes carrying data based on the PDU session mode, the first node receives the data sent by the data providing node based on the PDU session mode; when the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information includes carrying data based on the control plane, the first node receives the data sent by the data providing node based on the control plane.

[0075] In this implementation, the first node receives data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information, so that the data providing node can flexibly transmit data to the first node based on the first indication information.

[0076] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0077] Carrying data based on the data plane;

[0078] Carrying data based on the data carrying method;

[0079] Carrying data based on the user plane;

[0080] Data is carried based on the protocol data unit (PDU) session mode.

[0081] It should be noted that the PDU session mode is a bearer mode in the user plane, and the data bearer mode is a bearer mode in the data plane. The data bearer mode can be described in other ways, and any bearer mode in the data plane can be used as a data bearer mode.

[0082] In addition, the data transmission method may also include carrying data on the control plane. According to the definition of the control plane and user plane protocol architecture, as shown in Figure 3, the user plane consists of the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), the Radio Link Control (RLC), the Medium Access Control (MAC), and the physical layer (PHY). As shown in Figure 4, the control plane consists of the Radio Resource Control (RRC), PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY.

[0083] In related technologies, positioning protocol stacks suitable for positioning scenarios are shown in Figures 5 and 6. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the positioning protocol stack between the UE and the Location Management Function (LMF), and Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the positioning protocol stack between the NG RAN and the LMF. In this embodiment, by introducing a data plane-based transmission method, a new protocol layer can be introduced for positioning scenarios.

[0084] It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 7, the data plane consists of core network data plane functions, radio access network data plane functions, and UE data plane functions, providing end-to-end connectivity. The data plane is responsible for data control, including data collection coordination, data collection configuration, and data transmission configuration. The data plane is also responsible for data acquisition, data transmission, data preprocessing, data privacy and security, data analysis, data storage, and data services. A schematic diagram of a data plane protocol architecture that terminates in the radio access network is shown in Figure 8. A schematic diagram of a data plane protocol architecture that includes the UE, radio access network, and core network is shown in Figure 9.

[0085] In addition, the new protocol layer architecture introduced is applicable not only to positioning scenarios, but also to Self-Organized Network (SON) / MDT, perception, and AI scenarios. When the data plane is introduced, a schematic diagram of SON / MDT, positioning, perception, and AI based on the data plane is shown in Figure 10. For data transmission on the data plane, the new protocol layer introduced can be called the Data Plane Adaptation Protocol (DPAP) for the convenience of description. This protocol layer is used to transmit data on the data plane. This protocol layer can also be used to generate data on the data plane, such as data plane signaling data.

[0086] Optionally, before the first node sends the first indication information to the data providing node, the method further includes:

[0087] The first node sends a first request to the second node, where the first request is used to request determination of a data transmission mode;

[0088] The first node receives a first response sent by the second node according to the first request; wherein the first indication information is determined based on the first response.

[0089] Among them, when the first response indicates acceptance of the first request, the first node determines the first indication information based on the bearer identifier included in the first response; or, when the first response indicates rejection of the first request, the first node determines that the data transmission method indicated by the first indication information is based on control plane bearer data. At this time, the data providing node defaults to sending data using the method in the relevant technology.

[0090] In one implementation, when the first response indicates acceptance of the first request, the first node may determine the first indication information according to the first response.

[0091] For example, the first response may include a data plane bearer identifier, and the data transmission method indicated by the first indication information may be based on data plane carrying data or based on data carrying method carrying data, and the first indication information may carry the data plane bearer identifier; or, the first response may include a PDU session identifier, and the data transmission method indicated by the first indication information may be based on user plane carrying data or based on PDU session method carrying data, and the first indication information may carry the PDU session identifier.

[0092] In this embodiment, the first node sends a first request to the second node, the first request being used to request the determination of a data transmission mode. The first node receives a first response from the second node in response to the first request. The first indication information is determined based on the first response. In this manner, the interaction between the first and second nodes determines the transmission mode for the data providing node to transmit data to the first node, thereby enabling the first, second, and data providing nodes to work together to achieve data transmission.

[0093] Optionally, the first request includes at least one of the following:

[0094] Data transfer requests;

[0095] Control request.

[0096] The data transmission request may be a request related to data transmission.

[0097] In one embodiment, when the first request includes a data transmission request, the second node may perform a data transmission configuration operation: wherein the data transmission configuration operation includes at least one of the following: establishing a data transmission channel; modifying a data transmission channel; releasing a data transmission channel; and data transmission quality of service (QoS) management.

[0098] The control request may be a control-related request, for example, a control signaling-related request.

[0099] In one embodiment, when the first request includes a control request, the second node may perform at least one of the following operations: determining a data providing node; performing data collection coordination configuration; performing data reporting configuration; and performing data processing configuration.

[0100] The performing of the data collection coordination configuration includes at least one of the following: determining whether the data required by the first node is available based on the first request or data subscription information; determining a data providing node that can provide the data required by the first node; sending a data collection configuration to the first node; or

[0101] The performing of data reporting configuration includes configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node; or

[0102] The executing data processing configuration includes performing data processing configuration on the data processing node.

[0103] The data processing node may be at least one of a data transmission node, a data receiving node and a third node.

[0104] It should be noted that the third node may be a UE or a network function node other than the data transmission node and the data receiving node in the data transmission. When the data processing node is the data transmission node that transmits the data, the data transmission and processing mode may also be referred to as path-associated computing.

[0105] Among them, the configuration of the data packet encapsulation of the data provided by the data providing node includes: configuring at least one of the following items for the data packet encapsulation of the data provided by the data providing node: the length of the data packet; the distribution characteristics of the data packet length; the data packet time interval; the distribution characteristics of the data packet sending time interval; whether the data is encrypted by the data providing node, and whether the data is scrambled by the data providing node.

[0106] Optionally, when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:

[0107] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, wherein the data feature includes at least one of the following: data packet length; data packet length distribution feature; data packet time interval; data packet sending time interval distribution feature;

[0108] The third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission requires encryption or decryption; whether data transmission requires integrity protection; and the quality of service (QoS) requirement for data transmission.

[0109] Fourth indication information, used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data items required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirements;

[0110] The fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;

[0111] The sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.

[0112] Transparent transmission means that the data required by the first node is transmitted only through the data plane, and the data plane does not parse the data required by the first node. Non-transparent transmission means that the data plane, in addition to transmitting the data required by the first node, is also responsible for determining at least one of the data providing node, data collection configuration, data reporting configuration, and data processing configuration.

[0113] Optionally, the transmission data type includes at least one of the following:

[0114] Positioning data; perception data; computing data; artificial intelligence (AI) data.

[0115] In this embodiment, the transmission data type includes at least one of the following: positioning data; perception data; computing data; and artificial intelligence (AI) data. Thus, the data transmission method of this embodiment can accommodate the transmission requirements of multiple types of positioning, perception, computing, and AI data, eliminating the need to define a separate protocol for each type of data. This can reduce protocol complexity and signaling overhead.

[0116] Optionally, the first response includes at least one of the following:

[0117] seventh indication information, where the seventh indication information is used to indicate whether to accept or reject the first request;

[0118] The data plane carries the identifier;

[0119] PDU session identifier.

[0120] Optionally, before the first node sends the first indication information to the data providing node, the method further includes:

[0121] The first node receives the capability reporting information sent by the data providing node;

[0122] The capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0123] Support or not support data carrying based on the data plane;

[0124] Support or not support data bearing based on data bearing mode;

[0125] Support or not support data bearing based on user plane;

[0126] Support or not support data carrying based on PDU session mode.

[0127] In this embodiment, the first node receives capability reporting information sent by the data providing node; wherein the capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following: support or non-support of data bearing based on the data plane; support or non-support of data bearing based on the data bearer mode; support or non-support of data bearing based on the user plane; and support or non-support of data bearing based on the PDU session mode. Thus, the first node can determine the data transmission mode based on the capability reporting information sent by the data providing node.

[0128] Optionally, the data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or

[0129] The data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node both have radio access network functions; or

[0130] The data providing node is a base station, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or

[0131] The data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a terminal; or

[0132] The data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a core network function, and the second node is a radio access network function; or

[0133] The data providing node is the terminal, the first node is the radio access network function, and the second node is the core network function.

[0134] In this implementation, the data providing node, the first node and the second node can be flexibly configured according to needs, thereby flexibly supporting data termination in the radio access network, the core network or the UE according to needs.

[0135] As a specific embodiment, the data transmission method can be applied to a data transmission system, which includes a first node (also called a first function), a second node (also called a second function) and a data providing node (also called a data providing function).

[0136] This embodiment can be used for data transmission within a mobile network. In this embodiment of the present application, the second node can be responsible for data transmission configuration. Optionally, the second node can also be responsible for one or more of data collection coordination, data reporting configuration, and data processing configuration.

[0137] Data collection coordination means that the second node determines whether the required data is available based on the received data request and / or data subscription information, determines the data providing node that can provide the required data, and sends the data collection configuration;

[0138] Data reporting configuration refers to the configuration of the data packet encapsulation of the data provided by the data providing node, including the packet length, the distribution characteristics of the packet length, the packet time interval, the distribution characteristics of the packet transmission time interval, whether the data providing node encrypts the data, and whether the data providing node scrambles the data. If encryption or scrambling is used, the key and scrambling sequence need to be configured;

[0139] Data transmission configuration refers to establishing, modifying, and releasing data transmission channels and data transmission QoS management;

[0140] Data processing configuration refers to the data processing configuration of the data processing node, including data preprocessing (such as filtering, desensitization), data analysis, etc. The data processing node is at least one of a data transmission node, a data receiving node, and a third node. Among them, the third node can be a UE or a network function node other than the data transmission node and the data receiving node in the data transmission. When the data processing node is the data transmission node that transmits the data, this data transmission and processing method can also be called path-associated computing.

[0141] In addition, the first node can be responsible for at least one network function of positioning, perception, computing or AI, and the data required by the first node can be referred to as mobile network internal data. The first node can be a core network network function, such as a positioning management function LMF, a sensing function (SF), a network data analysis function (NWDAF), an analytics data storage function (ADRF), a model training logical function (MTLF), a computing function or an AI model function, etc. Considering 6G perception-assisted communication, the integration of wireless access network and computing, and wireless AI use cases, the first node can also be a wireless access network network function.

[0142] In one embodiment, the data transmission method includes the following steps:

[0143] (1) The first node sends a first request to the second node, where the first request includes at least one of the following:

[0144] Request type;

[0145] The type of data requested.

[0146] The request type may include a data transmission request, a control request, and a data transmission request, or at least one of a control request. A data transmission request requires the second node to be responsible for the required data transmission, including data transmission and the establishment, modification, or release of the data transmission channel required for data transmission. A control request requires the second node to be responsible for determining at least one of the data providing node, data collection configuration, data reporting configuration, and data processing configuration. The transmission type of data transmission may also be referred to as data plane transparent mode.

[0147] If the request type is a data transmission request, the first request may indicate whether the data characteristics are known or unknown, wherein the data characteristics include at least one of the following: data packet length, data packet length distribution characteristics, data packet time interval, and data packet transmission time interval distribution characteristics.

[0148] If the request type is a data transmission request, or a control request and a data transmission request, the first request may indicate whether the data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether the data transmission requires integrity protection, and the QoS requirements for the data transmission.

[0149] If the request type is a data transmission request, or a control request and a data transmission request, the first request may indicate control information, including the required data items (or measurement quantities), the data providing node identifier, and the data providing node requirements (such as geographic location area requirements, mobile speed requirements, etc.).

[0150] In addition, the requested data type is used to indicate which data category the data to be transmitted belongs to, such as positioning, perception, computing, AI, etc.

[0151] (2) The second node (data plane control function) determines a suitable data plane bearer based on the first request. This can be an existing data plane bearer that meets the requirements, a new data plane bearer that meets the requirements, or a modified existing data plane bearer that meets the requirements. The second node sends a first response to the first node, including at least acceptance of the first request and a data plane bearer identifier.

[0152] (3) The first node sends transmission mode indication information to the data providing node. The data providing node may be a UE and / or a base station. The transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0153] Indicates that the default bearer mode in the relevant technology is used for transmission, that is, a positioning protocol (such as LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)) session and transaction is used to provide assistance data and / or location information, and / or positioning measurement;

[0154] Indicates transmission based on the data plane or data bearer mode, and indicates the data bearer identifier;

[0155] Indicates transmission based on the user plane or PDU session, and indicates the PDU session identifier (Identify, ID) and / or QoS flow identifier.

[0156] (4) The data providing node maps the data to the indicated data plane bearer or PDU session bearer according to the transmission mode indication information and sends it to the first node.

[0157] Referring to FIG. 11 , FIG. 11 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 11 , the data transmission method includes the following steps:

[0158] Step 201: A second node receives a first request sent by a first node, where the first request is used to request determination of a data transmission mode.

[0159] Step 202: The second node sends a first response to the first node according to the first request.

[0160] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0161] Carrying data based on the data plane;

[0162] Carrying data based on the data carrying method;

[0163] Carrying data based on the user plane;

[0164] Data is carried based on the PDU session mode.

[0165] Optionally, when the first request includes a data transmission request, the method further includes:

[0166] The second node performs a data transmission configuration operation:

[0167] The data transmission configuration operation includes at least one of the following:

[0168] Establish data transmission channels;

[0169] Modify the data transmission channel;

[0170] Release the data transmission channel;

[0171] Data transmission QoS management.

[0172] Optionally, when the first request includes a control request, the method further includes:

[0173] The second node performs at least one of the following operations:

[0174] Determine the data providing node;

[0175] Perform data collection coordination configuration;

[0176] Execute data reporting configuration;

[0177] Perform data processing configuration.

[0178] Optionally, the executing data collection coordination configuration includes at least one of the following: determining whether the data required by the first node is available based on the first request or data subscription information; determining a data providing node that can provide the data required by the first node; sending a data collection configuration to the first node; or

[0179] The performing of data reporting configuration includes configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node; or

[0180] The executing data processing configuration includes performing data processing configuration on the data processing node.

[0181] Optionally, configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node includes:

[0182] The data packet encapsulation configuration for the data provided by the data providing node is at least one of the following:

[0183] Data packet length; distribution characteristics of data packet length; data packet time interval; distribution characteristics of data packet sending time interval; whether the data is encrypted by the data providing node, and whether the data is scrambled by the data providing node.

[0184] Optionally, the first request includes at least one of the following:

[0185] Data transfer requests;

[0186] Control request.

[0187] Optionally, when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:

[0188] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, wherein the data feature includes at least one of the following: data packet length; data packet length distribution feature; data packet time interval; data packet sending time interval distribution feature;

[0189] The third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission requires encryption or decryption; whether data transmission requires integrity protection; and QoS requirements for data transmission;

[0190] Fourth indication information, used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data items required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirements;

[0191] The fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;

[0192] The sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.

[0193] It should be noted that this embodiment is an implementation of the second node corresponding to the embodiment shown in Figure 2. Its specific implementation can refer to the relevant description of the embodiment shown in Figure 2. To avoid repeated description, this embodiment will not be repeated.

[0194] Referring to FIG. 12 , FIG. 12 is a flow chart of a data transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 12 , the data transmission method includes the following steps:

[0195] Step 301: A data providing node receives first indication information sent by a first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

[0196] Optionally, after the data providing node receives the first indication information sent by the first node, the method further includes:

[0197] The data providing node sends data to the first node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.

[0198] Optionally, before the data providing node receives the first indication information sent by the first node, the method further includes:

[0199] The data providing node sends capability reporting information to the first node;

[0200] The capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0201] Support or not support data carrying based on the data plane;

[0202] Support or not support data bearing based on data bearing mode;

[0203] Support or not support data bearing based on user plane;

[0204] Support or not support data carrying based on PDU session mode.

[0205] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0206] Carrying data based on the data plane;

[0207] Carrying data based on the data carrying method;

[0208] Carrying data based on the user plane;

[0209] Data is carried based on the PDU session mode.

[0210] It should be noted that this embodiment is an implementation of the data providing node corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG2 . For its specific implementation, please refer to the relevant description of the embodiment shown in FIG2 . To avoid repeated description, this embodiment will not be described again.

[0211] The data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described below through several specific embodiments:

[0212] In the following embodiments, a data providing node may be described as a data providing function, a first node may be described as a first function, and a second node may be described as a second function.

[0213] Embodiment 1:

[0214] In this embodiment, the data providing node is a UE, and the second node and the first node are core network functions.

[0215] Assuming that the standard-defined LPP protocol or the newly added perception protocol or AI protocol in the related art is still used, this embodiment can be used in data transmission scenarios within a mobile network when a positioning protocol based on the control plane (CP) in the related art requires the transmission of a large amount of data. This embodiment can be used in data transmission scenarios such as positioning protocols that require a large amount of data, but is not limited to positioning. It is also applicable to other data transmission scenarios such as CP-based perception protocols and AI protocols that require a large amount of data. The following description uses data transmission scenarios related to positioning protocols as an example.

[0216] First, in the LPP request capabilities interaction process between UE and LMF, the location information transfer or reporting capability is added. The capabilities in the related art are mainly for positioning methods such as Enhanced Cell ID (ECID) or Angle-of-Departure (AOD) or Difference Of Arrival (DOA). The UE can only transmit or report location information based on the LPP session / transaction established by the LPP protocol. Adding location information transfer or reporting capability means adding location information transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer to the LPP request capabilities, and / or location information transmission or reporting based on the user plane or PDU session. The UE indicates whether it supports it in the LPP provide capabilities. The data plane or data bearer refers to the transmission bearer for data within the mobile network. Examples of the data plane protocol stack are shown in Figures 8 to 10.

[0217] Secondly, the LMF determines whether to use data plane or data bearer, or user plane or PDU session based on the UE capabilities and / or the amount of data to be transmitted for data transmission. If so, the first node (LMF) sends a first request to the second node, where the request information includes at least one of the following:

[0218] Request type: data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.

[0219] Indication indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If it is a network-configured location measurement information report, the data characteristics are known based on the measurement reporting configuration, including the data packet size and reporting interval;

[0220] Indication information indicating data transmission configuration, including at least one of whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and QoS requirements for data transmission;

[0221] Data type: positioning; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried in the first request indicates that the transmission data type is positioning data.

[0222] Again, the second node (data plane control function) can determine a suitable data plane bearer or user plane bearer based on the first request. Taking the determination of a suitable data plane bearer as an example, it can be that an existing data plane bearer meets the required requirements, or a new data plane bearer meets the required requirements, or an existing data plane bearer is modified to meet the required requirements. The second node sends a first response to the first node. If there is a suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane bearer identifier; if there is no suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and optionally may also include a reason for rejection, such as insufficient resources, inability to meet QoS, etc.

[0223] It should be noted that if the data transmission mode based on the user plane is determined according to the first request, the second node may be an SMF. The second node determines a suitable PDU session and / or QoS flow, and if the requirements are met, sends a first response to the first node. The first response may include at least indication information indicating acceptance of the first request, a PDU session ID and / or a QoS flow identifier (QFI).

[0224] In addition, if the UE supports the transmission or reporting of location information based on the data plane or data bearer, the LMF may indicate the transmission mode of LPP provide assistance data and / or LPP provide location information in the LPP provides assistance data and / or LPP requests location information message, and the transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0225] Indicates the use of the default bearer mode in the relevant technology for transmission, that is, using LPP session and transaction to provide assistance data and / or location information;

[0226] Indicates transmission based on the data plane or data bearer mode, and indicates the data bearer identifier;

[0227] Indicates transmission based on the user plane or PDU session, and indicates the PDU session ID and / or QoS flow identifier.

[0228] Finally, the UE sends the assistance data and / or location information to the LMF according to the transmission mode indication information, for example, mapping it to the indicated data plane or PDU session bearer and sending it to the LMF.

[0229] It should be noted that: LMF may be SF, etc., and the LPP protocol may be a sensing protocol, etc. This embodiment is not limited to the positioning scenario.

[0230] Example 2:

[0231] In this embodiment, the data providing node is a UE, and the second node and the first node are radio access network functions.

[0232] Assume that the standard-defined QoE, MDT, or SON in the related art, or potential perception or AI training data or AI models, etc., are still used. This embodiment can be used in a mobile network internal data transmission scenario when the CP-based QoE, MDT, or SON in the related art, as well as the perception or AI training data or AI models, require the transmission of a large amount of data. This embodiment can be used in data transmission scenarios such as QoE that require a large amount of data, and is also applicable to other data transmission scenarios such as MDT or SON, as well as perception or AI training data or AI models that require a large amount of data. The following description uses a QoE-related data transmission scenario as an example.

[0233] First, when reporting its capabilities, the UE must indicate whether it supports data plane or data bearer-based transmission. The first node, a radio access network function node (gNB or Centralized Unit (CU) - Control Plane (CP)), determines whether to use data plane or data bearer-based transmission based on the UE's capabilities and / or the amount of data to be transmitted. If so, the first node (gNB) sends a first request to the second node, including at least one of the following:

[0234] Request type: data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.

[0235] Indication information indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If the indicated service is unknown and the data size of the QoE is unknown, the data characteristics are unknown.

[0236] Indication information indicating data transmission configuration, including at least one of whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and QoS requirements for data transmission;

[0237] Data type: QoE; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried in the first request indicates that the transmission data type is QoE data.

[0238] Again, the second node (radio access network data plane control function) determines a suitable data plane radio bearer based on the first request. This can be an existing wireless data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a newly created data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modified existing data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements. The second node sends a first response to the first node. If a suitable data plane bearer exists, the first response includes at least indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane radio bearer identifier. If no suitable data plane bearer exists, the first response includes at least indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and optionally may also include a rejection reason, such as insufficient resources, inability to meet QoS, etc.

[0239] In addition, if the UE supports reporting based on the data plane or data bearer, the radio access network function node (gNB, CU-CP) of the first node may indicate the transmission mode of the QoE report, and the transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0240] By default, the transmission method in the related art is adopted, and the method in the related art is to adopt SRB4;

[0241] Indicates transmission based on the data plane or data bearer mode, and indicates the data bearer identifier.

[0242] For example, the transmission mode of QoE reporting can be indicated by the RRCConnectionReconfiguration message, and a report indication (reportindication) can be added to the measConfigAppLayer-r15CHOICE, which can indicate the default mode or the data plane-based bearer mode. When indicating the data plane-based or data bearer-based mode, the data plane identification information can be added.

[0243] Finally, the UE sends the QoE to the base station or to the trace collection entity (TCE) corresponding to the trace collection entity IP address (Trace Collection Entity IP Address) according to the transmission mode indication information.

[0244] Example 3:

[0245] In this embodiment, the data providing node is a base station, and the second node and the first node are core network functions.

[0246] Assume that the data providing node is a base station (gNB, or TRP, or eNB, or 6G wireless access network node, etc.), and the second node and the first node are core network functions. Assuming that the NR positioning protocol A (NR positioning protocol A, NRPPa) protocol or the newly added perception protocol or AI protocol defined in the standard of the relevant technology is still used, this embodiment can be used for internal data transmission scenarios of mobile networks when the CP-based positioning protocol in the relevant technology needs to transmit a large amount of data. This embodiment can be used for data transmission scenarios such as positioning protocols that require a large amount of data, but is not limited to positioning. It is also applicable to other data transmission scenarios such as CP-based perception protocols and AI protocols that require a large amount of data. The following is an example of data transmission scenarios related to positioning protocols.

[0247] Optionally, positioning measurement transfer or report information is added to the interaction process between the base station and the LMF to indicate whether the base station supports positioning measurement transfer or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer. The data plane or data bearer refers to the transmission bearer for data within the mobile network. Examples of the data plane protocol stack are shown in Figures 8 to 10.

[0248] First, the LMF determines whether to use data plane or data bearer-based data transmission for data transmission based on whether the base station supports positioning measurement transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer, and / or information about the amount of data to be transmitted. If supported, the first node (LMF) sends a first request to the second node, where the request information includes at least one of the following:

[0249] Request type: data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.

[0250] Indication indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If it is a network-configured location measurement information report, the data characteristics are known based on the measurement reporting configuration, including the data packet size and reporting interval;

[0251] Indication information indicating data transmission configuration, including at least one of whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and QoS requirements for data transmission;

[0252] Data type: positioning; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried in the first request indicates that the transmission data type is positioning data.

[0253] Optionally, the second node sends an interface establishment request to the base station. Assuming that the interface name is Nx, the interface establishment request can be an Nx establishment request (setup request), and the interface establishment request includes at least a third function identifier. The third function is a core network function for receiving and forwarding data sent by the base station, which can be the same as or different from the second node. The third function identifier can be used as the target end when the base station sends data to the second node. Optionally, the interface establishment request can also include at least one of the supported public land mobile network (PLMN) information and capability information of the third function.

[0254] The capability information of the third function includes at least one of the following:

[0255] The third function supports a list of data types that can be received and forwarded, such as positioning, perception, AI, and computing data;

[0256] The third function supports data storage indication, used to indicate whether the third function supports data storage;

[0257] The third function supports data on-path processing indication, which is used to indicate whether the third function supports processing the forwarded data before forwarding it, wherein the processing includes filtering, desensitization, redundancy removal and analysis;

[0258] The geographical location range of the third function, such as a Tracking Area (TA) list or an RNA list.

[0259] The base station sends an Nx interface establishment response message. If the interface establishment is successful, the Nx interface establishment response message includes at least a base station identifier (e.g., a global RAN node identifier (ID) or a radio access network second node ID). Optionally, the Nx interface establishment response message may also include at least one of a supported geographic location range (e.g., a TA list), a supported PLMN list, and a supported data type list (e.g., positioning, perception, AI, and computing data). If the interface establishment fails, the Nx interface establishment response message includes at least a failure cause, such as a transport layer cause or a data plane protocol cause.

[0260] Secondly, based on the established Nx interface, the second node (data plane control function) determines a suitable data plane bearer according to the first request. It can be an existing data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a new data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modification of an existing data plane bearer that meets the required requirements. The second node sends a first response to the first node. If there is a suitable data plane bearer, the first response includes at least indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane bearer identifier. The data plane bearer identifier can be an IP address and port number, or the third function identifier and / or a bearer identifier between the base station and the third function. If there is no suitable data plane bearer, the first response includes at least indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and optionally may also include a rejection reason, such as insufficient resources, inability to meet QoS, etc.

[0261] Finally, the LMF sends a message to the base station to indicate the transmission mode of the measurement. For example, the transmission mode of the measurement can be indicated in the NRPPa MEASUREMENT REQUEST, NRPPa POSITIONING INFORMATION REQUEST, or NRPPa POSITIONING ACTIVATION REQUEST. The transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0262] By default, the method in the related art is used for transmission, which is to use the LMF instance ID and NRPPa-PDU in NRPPa for transmission;

[0263] The indication is based on the data plane or data bearer mode of transmission, and indicates the data bearer identifier, such as the IP address and port number, or the third function identifier and / or the bearer identifier between the base station and the third function.

[0264] In addition, if it is UE-related data transmission, for example, the data transmission between the UE and the core network function in Example 1 needs to be transmitted through the base station, the message sent by the LMF may also include the identifier of the UE on the second node side at the Nx interface, and the identifier of the UE on the wireless access network side at the Nx interface.

[0265] Finally, the base station maps the measurement to the indicated data plane bearer according to the transmission mode indication information and sends it to the LMF.

[0266] It should be noted that: LMF can be SF, etc., and the NRPPa protocol can be sensing protocol A, etc. This embodiment is not limited to positioning.

[0267] Embodiment 4:

[0268] In this embodiment, the data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a UE.

[0269] Assume that the data providing node is a base station (gNB, or TRP, or eNB, or 6G radio access network node, etc.), and the first node is a UE. The second node can be a core network function or a radio access network function, or a UE. Assuming that the NRPPa protocol defined in the standard of the related art or the newly added perception protocol or AI protocol is still used, the main difference between this embodiment and embodiment 3 is that the measurement data obtained by the base station is not sent to the core network LMF, but to the UE.

[0270] Optionally, the UE and LMF exchange location information transfer or reporting capabilities, as detailed in Example 1, which will not be repeated here. Optionally, positioning measurement transfer or report information is added to the interaction process between the base station and the LMF to indicate whether the base station supports positioning measurement transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer. The data plane or data bearer refers to the transmission bearer for data within the mobile network. Examples of the data plane protocol stack are shown in Figures 8 to 10.

[0271] When the method used by the base station to send positioning measurement data to the UE is determined by the LMF, the LMF determines whether to use data plane or data bearer for data transmission based on whether the UE and the base station support positioning measurement transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer, and / or the amount of data to be transmitted. If it is determined that data transmission is based on the data plane or data bearer, the LMF sends a first request to the second node (core network function), and the second node configures the UE and the base station. For details, see the configuration of the UE by the second node in Example 1 and the configuration of the base station by the second node in Example 3. The base station maps the measurement to the indicated data plane bearer according to the transmission method indication information and sends it to the UE.

[0272] When the manner in which the base station sends positioning measurement data to the UE is determined by the UE and the base station, the UE determines whether to use data plane or data bearer for data transmission based on whether positioning measurement transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer is supported, and / or information on the amount of data to be transmitted. If it is determined that data transmission is based on the data plane or data bearer, the UE sends a first request to the second node (radio access network function). In this embodiment, the first request implicitly indicates that the UE instructs the base station to use data plane or data bearer for data transmission. The first request includes at least one of the following:

[0273] Request type: data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.

[0274] Indication indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If it is a network-configured location measurement information report, the data characteristics are known based on the measurement reporting configuration, including the data packet size and reporting interval;

[0275] Indication information indicating data transmission configuration, including at least one of whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and QoS requirements for data transmission;

[0276] Data type: positioning; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried in the first request indicates that the transmission data type is positioning data.

[0277] Then, the second node (radio access network data plane control function) determines a suitable data plane radio bearer based on the first request. This can be an existing wireless data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a newly created data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modified existing data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements. The second node sends a first response to the first node. If a suitable data plane bearer exists, the first response includes at least indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane radio bearer identifier. If no suitable data plane bearer exists, the first response includes at least indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and may optionally include a rejection reason, such as insufficient resources or inability to meet QoS.

[0278] Finally, if the second node (radio access network function) accepts the first request, the base station maps the measurement to the indicated data plane bearer according to the transmission mode indication information and sends it to the UE.

[0279] It should be noted that LMF can be SF, etc., LPP protocol can be sensing protocol, etc., NRPPa protocol can be sensing protocol A, etc., and this method is not limited to positioning.

[0280] Example 5:

[0281] In this embodiment, the data providing node is a UE, and the second node is separate from the first node. Separation of the second node from the first node means that the second node and the first node do not simultaneously belong to a core network function, a radio access network function, or a UE function. The second node and the first node belong to any two functions of the UE, RAN, or core network (CN).

[0282] This embodiment is described by taking the second node as a radio access network (RAN) function and the first node as a core network (CN) function as an example. Assuming that the standard-defined QoE, or MDT, or SON, or potential perception, or AI training data, or AI model, etc. in the relevant technology are still used, this embodiment can be used for internal data transmission scenarios of mobile networks when the CP-based QoE or MDT or SON in the relevant technology, and the perception or AI training data or AI model need to transmit a large amount of data. This embodiment can be used for MDT-related data transmission scenarios, and is also applicable to other SON or QoE, and perception or AI training data / AI model data transmission scenarios that require a large amount of data. The following is described using the MDT-related data transmission scenario as an example.

[0283] First, when the UE reports its capabilities, it must indicate whether it supports data plane or data bearer-based transmission. The core network function node, acting as the first node, determines whether to use data plane or data bearer-based transmission for data transmission based on the UE capabilities and / or the amount of data to be transmitted. If so, the first node (core network function) sends a first request to the second node (radio access network function), where the request information includes at least one of the following:

[0284] Request type: data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.

[0285] Indication information indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If it is a network-configured location measurement information (MDT) report, the data characteristics are known based on the measurement reporting configuration, including the packet size and reporting interval, and the characteristics are known;

[0286] Indication information indicating data transmission configuration, including at least one of whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and QoS requirements for data transmission;

[0287] Data type: MDT; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried in the first request indicates that the transmission data type is MDT data.

[0288] Again, the second node (radio access network data plane control function) determines a suitable data plane radio bearer based on the first request. This can be an existing wireless data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a newly created data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modified existing data plane radio bearer that meets the required requirements. The second node sends a first response to the first node. If a suitable data plane bearer exists, the first response includes at least indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane radio bearer identifier. If no suitable data plane bearer exists, the first response includes at least indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and optionally may also include a rejection reason, such as insufficient resources, inability to meet QoS, etc.

[0289] In addition, if the UE supports reporting based on the data plane or data bearer, the first node may indicate a transmission mode for the MDT report, where the transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0290] By default, the transmission method in the related art is adopted, and the method in the related art is to adopt SRB4;

[0291] Indicates transmission based on the data plane or data bearer mode, and indicates the data bearer identifier.

[0292] For example, the transmission mode of MDT reporting can be indicated through the RRCConnectionReconfiguration message, and reportindication can be added to measConfigAppLayer-r15CHOICE, which can be default or data plane. When indicating the data plane or data bearer mode, data plane identification information can be added.

[0293] Finally, the UE sends the MDT to the base station or to the trace collection entity (TCE) corresponding to the Trace Collection Entity IP Address according to the transmission mode indication information.

[0294] Example 6:

[0295] In this embodiment, the data providing node is UE, the second node and the first node are deployed in a distributed manner, the second node is a core network function, and the first node is a wireless access network function. Assuming that the LPP protocol defined by the standard in the relevant technology or the newly added perception protocol or AI protocol is still used, in order to make positioning more real-time and effective, the first node (data consumption) is set closer to the data source, and the second node (data control function) is still set on the central control node. This embodiment can be used for data transmission scenarios that require a large amount of data, such as positioning protocols, but is not limited to positioning. It is also applicable to other data transmission scenarios that require a large amount of data, such as CP-based perception protocols and AI protocols. The following is an example of a data transmission scenario related to the positioning protocol.

[0296] First, since the capabilities in the related art are mainly oriented towards positioning methods such as ECID, AOD, or TDOA, the UE can only transmit or report location information based on the LPP session / transaction established by the LPP protocol. Therefore, a location information transfer or report capability can be added to the LPP request capabilities interaction process between the UE and the LMF. Adding the location information transfer or report capability means adding location information transmission or reporting based on the data plane or data bearer to the LPP request capabilities, and the UE indicates whether it supports transmission based on the data plane or data bearer in the LPP provide capabilities. Among them, the capabilities in this embodiment can be further divided into supporting location information transmission and reporting based on the core network data plane or data bearer, and location information transmission or reporting based on the radio access network data plane or data bearer. The data plane or data bearer refers to a transmission bearer for data within the mobile network. Examples of the data plane protocol stack are shown in Figures 8 to 10. The core network data plane or data bearer refers to the first data plane protocol of the data plane protocol architecture of the UE, radio access network, and core network. The radio access network data plane or data bearer refers to the data plane protocol architecture terminated in the radio access network.

[0297] Secondly, the LMF determines whether to use the data plane or data bearer based on the UE capabilities and / or the amount of data to be transmitted. If used, the first node (LMF) sends a first request to the second node, and the request information includes at least one of the following:

[0298] Request type: data or transparent mode; or it can be understood that the first request includes a data transmission request, and the fifth indication information carried by the first request indicates that the transmission type of the data transmission is transparent transmission.

[0299] Indication indicating whether the data characteristics are known. If it is a network-configured location measurement information report, the data characteristics are known based on the measurement reporting configuration, including the data packet size and reporting interval;

[0300] Indication information indicating data transmission configuration, including at least one of whether data transmission requires encryption and decryption, whether data transmission requires integrity protection, and QoS requirements for data transmission;

[0301] Data type: positioning; or it can be understood that the sixth indication information carried in the first request indicates that the transmission data type is positioning data.

[0302] Again, the second node (data plane control function) determines a suitable data plane bearer based on the first request. It can be an existing data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, a newly created data plane bearer that meets the required requirements, or a modified existing data plane bearer that meets the required requirements. The data plane bearer is a data plane bearer that terminates at the base station, not a data plane bearer that terminates at the core network. The second node sends a response to the first node. If there is a suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating acceptance of the first request and a data plane bearer identifier. If there is no suitable data plane bearer, the first response at least includes indication information indicating rejection of the first request, and may optionally include a reason for rejection, such as insufficient resources, inability to meet QoS, etc.

[0303] In addition, if the UE supports the transmission or reporting of location information based on the data plane or data bearer, the LMF may indicate the transmission mode of LPP provide assistance data and / or LPP provide location information in the LPP provides assistance data and / or LPP request location information message, and the transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0304] Indicates the use of the default bearer mode in the relevant technology for transmission, that is, using LPP session and transaction to provide assistance data and / or location information;

[0305] Indicates transmission based on the data plane or data bearer mode, and indicates the data bearer identifier.

[0306] Finally, the UE maps the assistance data and / or location information to the indicated data plane bearer according to the transmission mode indication information and sends the data to the first node (base station).

[0307] It should be noted that: LMF can be SF, etc., and the LPP protocol can be a sensing protocol, etc. This embodiment is not limited to the positioning scenario.

[0308] In this embodiment, compared to related technologies where the base station obtains positioning results from the core network LMF, the base station can directly receive the UE's positioning measurement data, process it, and generate location information. This can be used in scenarios with high real-time requirements, such as base station radio resource scheduling. This embodiment avoids the UE's positioning measurement data being transmitted from the base station to the LMF, where the LMF generates the positioning result, and then transmitting it back to the base station, thereby reducing latency.

[0309] The embodiment of the present application proposes a data plane-based internal data transmission method for a mobile network, which can solve the problem of large-scale data transmission of positioning, perception, computing and AI (such as AI training data, AI model data), etc. It can not only reuse the protocol methods in related technologies, but also flexibly expand the transmission mode supporting big data. Moreover, the transmission mode is compatible with the transmission requirements of multiple data such as positioning, perception, computing and AI, without the need for separate definition of each type. Moreover, the embodiment of the application can flexibly support data termination in the wireless access network, core network or UE according to needs.

[0310] The data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a data transmission device. In the embodiment of the present application, the data transmission method performed by the data transmission device is taken as an example to illustrate the data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0311] Please refer to FIG. 13 , which is a structural diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The first node includes the data transmission device. As shown in FIG. 13 , the data transmission device 400 includes:

[0312] The first sending module 401 is configured to send first indication information to a data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

[0313] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0314] The first receiving module is configured to receive data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.

[0315] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0316] Carrying data based on the data plane;

[0317] Carrying data based on the data carrying method;

[0318] Carrying data based on the user plane;

[0319] Data is carried based on the protocol data unit (PDU) session mode.

[0320] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0321] A second sending module is configured to send a first request to the second node, where the first request is used to request determination of a data transmission mode;

[0322] The second receiving module is configured to receive a first response sent by the second node according to the first request; wherein the first indication information is determined based on the first response.

[0323] Optionally, the first request includes at least one of the following:

[0324] Data transfer requests;

[0325] Control request.

[0326] Optionally, when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:

[0327] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, wherein the data feature includes at least one of the following: data packet length; data packet length distribution feature; data packet time interval; data packet sending time interval distribution feature;

[0328] The third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission requires encryption or decryption; whether data transmission requires integrity protection; and the quality of service (QoS) requirement for data transmission.

[0329] Fourth indication information, used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data items required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirements;

[0330] The fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;

[0331] The sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.

[0332] Optionally, the transmission data type includes at least one of the following:

[0333] Positioning data; perception data; computing data; artificial intelligence (AI) data.

[0334] Optionally, the first response includes at least one of the following:

[0335] seventh indication information, where the seventh indication information is used to indicate whether to accept or reject the first request;

[0336] The data plane carries the identifier;

[0337] PDU session identifier.

[0338] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0339] A third receiving module is used to receive the capability reporting information sent by the data providing node;

[0340] The capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0341] Support or not support data carrying based on the data plane;

[0342] Support or not support data bearing based on data bearing mode;

[0343] Support or not support data bearing based on user plane;

[0344] Support or not support data carrying based on PDU session mode.

[0345] Optionally, the data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or

[0346] The data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node both have radio access network functions; or

[0347] The data providing node is a base station, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or

[0348] The data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a terminal; or

[0349] The data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a core network function, and the second node is a radio access network function; or

[0350] The data providing node is the terminal, the first node is the radio access network function, and the second node is the core network function.

[0351] The data transmission device in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a terminal, or it can be other devices other than a terminal. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0352] The data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement each process implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 2 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0353] The data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a data transmission device. In the embodiment of the present application, the data transmission method performed by the data transmission device is taken as an example to illustrate the data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0354] Please refer to FIG. 14 , which is a structural diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The second node includes the data transmission device. As shown in FIG. 14 , the data transmission device 500 includes:

[0355] A fourth receiving module 501 is configured to receive a first request sent by a first node, where the first request is used to request determination of a data transmission mode;

[0356] The third sending module 502 is configured to send a first response to the first node according to the first request.

[0357] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0358] Carrying data based on the data plane;

[0359] Carrying data based on the data carrying method;

[0360] Carrying data based on the user plane;

[0361] Data is carried based on the PDU session mode.

[0362] Optionally, when the first request includes a data transmission request, the apparatus further includes:

[0363] The first execution module is used to perform data transmission configuration operations:

[0364] The data transmission configuration operation includes at least one of the following:

[0365] Establish data transmission channels;

[0366] Modify the data transmission channel;

[0367] Release the data transmission channel;

[0368] Data transmission QoS management.

[0369] Optionally, when the first request includes a control request, the apparatus further includes:

[0370] The second execution module is configured to perform at least one of the following operations:

[0371] Determine the data providing node;

[0372] Perform data collection coordination configuration;

[0373] Execute data reporting configuration;

[0374] Perform data processing configuration.

[0375] Optionally, the executing data collection coordination configuration includes at least one of the following: determining whether the data required by the first node is available based on the first request or data subscription information; determining a data providing node that can provide the data required by the first node; sending a data collection configuration to the first node; or

[0376] The performing of data reporting configuration includes configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node; or

[0377] The executing data processing configuration includes performing data processing configuration on the data processing node.

[0378] Optionally, configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node includes:

[0379] The data packet encapsulation configuration for the data provided by the data providing node is at least one of the following:

[0380] Data packet length; distribution characteristics of data packet length; data packet time interval; distribution characteristics of data packet sending time interval; whether the data is encrypted by the data providing node, and whether the data is scrambled by the data providing node.

[0381] Optionally, the first request includes at least one of the following:

[0382] Data transfer requests;

[0383] Control request.

[0384] Optionally, when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:

[0385] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, wherein the data feature includes at least one of the following: data packet length; data packet length distribution feature; data packet time interval; data packet sending time interval distribution feature;

[0386] The third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission requires encryption or decryption; whether data transmission requires integrity protection; and QoS requirements for data transmission;

[0387] Fourth indication information, used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data items required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirements;

[0388] The fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;

[0389] The sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.

[0390] The data transmission device in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a terminal, or it can be other devices other than a terminal. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0391] The data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 11 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0392] The data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be executed by a data transmission device. In the embodiment of the present application, the data transmission method performed by the data transmission device is taken as an example to illustrate the data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0393] Please refer to FIG. 15 , which is a structural diagram of a data transmission device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The data providing node includes the data transmission device. As shown in FIG. 15 , the data transmission device 600 includes:

[0394] The fifth receiving module 601 is configured to receive first indication information sent by a first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

[0395] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0396] A fourth sending module is used to send data to the first node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.

[0397] Optionally, the device further comprises:

[0398] a fifth sending module, configured to send capability reporting information to the first node;

[0399] The capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0400] Support or not support data carrying based on the data plane;

[0401] Support or not support data bearing based on data bearing mode;

[0402] Support or not support data bearing based on user plane;

[0403] Support or not support data carrying based on PDU session mode.

[0404] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0405] Carrying data based on the data plane;

[0406] Carrying data based on the data carrying method;

[0407] Carrying data based on the user plane;

[0408] Data is carried based on the PDU session mode.

[0409] The data transmission device in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or chip. The electronic device can be a terminal, or it can be other devices other than a terminal. For example, the terminal can include but is not limited to the types of terminal 11 listed above, and other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0410] The data transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can implement the various processes implemented in the method embodiment of Figure 12 and achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0411] Optionally, as shown in Figure 16, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 700, including a processor 701 and a memory 702, and the memory 702 stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor 701. For example, when the communication device 700 is a first node, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 701 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment applied to the first node, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here. When the communication device 700 is a second node, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 701 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment applied to the second node, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here. When the communication device 700 is a data providing node, the program or instruction is executed by the processor 701 to implement the various steps of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment applied to the data providing node, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it is not repeated here.

[0412] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which is a first node and includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: send first indication information to a data providing node, and the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission method.

[0413] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which is a second node and includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: receive a first request sent by a first node, the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission method; and send a first response to the first node according to the first request.

[0414] An embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which is a data providing node, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to: receive first indication information sent by a first node, and the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission method.

[0415] The first node, the second node or the data providing node in the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal. Specifically, FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal implementing the embodiment of the present application.

[0416] The terminal 800 includes but is not limited to: a radio frequency unit 801, a network module 802, an audio output unit 803, an input unit 804, a sensor 805, a display unit 806, a user input unit 807, an interface unit 808, a memory 809 and at least some of the components of the processor 810.

[0417] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terminal 800 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) to power various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 810 through a power management system, thereby implementing functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system. The terminal structure shown in Figure 17 does not constitute a limitation of the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be described in detail here.

[0418] It should be understood that in an embodiment of the present application, the input unit 804 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 8041 and a microphone 8042, and the GPU 8041 processes the image data of a static picture or video obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in a video capture mode or an image capture mode. The display unit 806 may include a display panel 8061, and the display panel 8061 may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light emitting diode, etc. The user input unit 807 includes a touch panel 8071 and at least one of other input devices 8072. The touch panel 8071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 8071 may include two parts: a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 8072 may include, but are not limited to, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), a trackball, a mouse, and an operating stick, which will not be repeated here.

[0419] In the embodiment of the present application, after receiving downlink data from a network-side device, the radio frequency unit 801 may transmit the data to the processor 810 for processing. Furthermore, the radio frequency unit 801 may send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 801 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, an amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a low-noise amplifier, a duplexer, and the like.

[0420] The memory 809 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 809 may mainly include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data, wherein the first storage area may store an operating system, applications or instructions required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc. In addition, the memory 809 may include a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or the memory 809 may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM bus random access memory (DRRAM). The memory 809 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0421] Processor 810 may include one or more processing units. Optionally, processor 810 integrates an application processor and a modem processor. The application processor primarily handles operations related to the operating system, user interface, and application programs, while the modem processor primarily processes wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the modem processor may not be integrated into processor 810.

[0422] When the terminal is the first node:

[0423] The radio frequency unit 801 is used for:

[0424] First indication information is sent to a data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

[0425] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 801 is further configured to:

[0426] Receive data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.

[0427] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0428] Carrying data based on the data plane;

[0429] Carrying data based on the data carrying method;

[0430] Carrying data based on the user plane;

[0431] Data is carried based on the protocol data unit (PDU) session mode.

[0432] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 801 is further configured to:

[0433] Sending a first request to the second node, where the first request is used to request determination of a data transmission mode;

[0434] Receive a first response sent by the second node according to the first request; wherein the first indication information is determined based on the first response.

[0435] Optionally, the first request includes at least one of the following:

[0436] Data transfer requests;

[0437] Control request.

[0438] Optionally, when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:

[0439] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, wherein the data feature includes at least one of the following: data packet length; data packet length distribution feature; data packet time interval; data packet sending time interval distribution feature;

[0440] The third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission requires encryption or decryption; whether data transmission requires integrity protection; and the quality of service (QoS) requirement for data transmission.

[0441] Fourth indication information, used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data items required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirements;

[0442] The fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;

[0443] The sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.

[0444] Optionally, the transmission data type includes at least one of the following:

[0445] Positioning data; perception data; computing data; artificial intelligence (AI) data.

[0446] Optionally, the first response includes at least one of the following:

[0447] seventh indication information, where the seventh indication information is used to indicate whether to accept or reject the first request;

[0448] The data plane carries the identifier;

[0449] PDU session identifier.

[0450] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 801 is further configured to:

[0451] Receiving capability reporting information sent by the data providing node;

[0452] The capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0453] Support or not support data carrying based on the data plane;

[0454] Support or not support data bearing based on data bearing mode;

[0455] Support or not support data bearing based on user plane;

[0456] Support or not support data carrying based on PDU session mode.

[0457] Optionally, the data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or

[0458] The data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node both have radio access network functions; or

[0459] The data providing node is a base station, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or

[0460] The data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a terminal; or

[0461] The data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a core network function, and the second node is a radio access network function; or

[0462] The data providing node is the terminal, the first node is the radio access network function, and the second node is the core network function.

[0463] When the terminal is the second node:

[0464] The radio frequency unit 801 is used for:

[0465] receiving a first request sent by a first node, where the first request is used to request determination of a data transmission mode;

[0466] A first response is sent to the first node according to the first request.

[0467] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0468] Carrying data based on the data plane;

[0469] Carrying data based on the data carrying method;

[0470] Carrying data based on the user plane;

[0471] Data is carried based on the PDU session mode.

[0472] Optionally, when the first request includes a data transmission request, the processor 810 is configured to:

[0473] Perform data transfer configuration operations:

[0474] The data transmission configuration operation includes at least one of the following:

[0475] Establish data transmission channels;

[0476] Modify the data transmission channel;

[0477] Release the data transmission channel;

[0478] Data transmission QoS management.

[0479] Optionally, when the first request includes a control request, the processor 810 is configured to:

[0480] Do at least one of the following:

[0481] Determine the data providing node;

[0482] Perform data collection coordination configuration;

[0483] Execute data reporting configuration;

[0484] Perform data processing configuration.

[0485] Optionally, the executing data collection coordination configuration includes at least one of the following: determining whether the data required by the first node is available based on the first request or data subscription information; determining a data providing node that can provide the data required by the first node; sending a data collection configuration to the first node; or

[0486] The performing of data reporting configuration includes configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node; or

[0487] The executing data processing configuration includes performing data processing configuration on the data processing node.

[0488] Optionally, configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node includes:

[0489] The data packet encapsulation configuration for the data provided by the data providing node is at least one of the following:

[0490] Data packet length; distribution characteristics of data packet length; data packet time interval; distribution characteristics of data packet sending time interval; whether the data is encrypted by the data providing node, and whether the data is scrambled by the data providing node.

[0491] Optionally, the first request includes at least one of the following:

[0492] Data transfer requests;

[0493] Control request.

[0494] Optionally, when the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following:

[0495] The second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, wherein the data feature includes at least one of the following: data packet length; data packet length distribution feature; data packet time interval; data packet sending time interval distribution feature;

[0496] The third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission requires encryption or decryption; whether data transmission requires integrity protection; and QoS requirements for data transmission;

[0497] Fourth indication information, used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data items required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirements;

[0498] The fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission;

[0499] The sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.

[0500] In the case where the terminal is a data providing node:

[0501] The radio frequency unit 801 is used for:

[0502] First indication information sent by a first node is received, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

[0503] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 801 is further configured to:

[0504] Send data to the first node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.

[0505] Optionally, the radio frequency unit 801 is further configured to:

[0506] Sending capability reporting information to the first node;

[0507] The capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following:

[0508] Support or not support data carrying based on the data plane;

[0509] Support or not support data bearing based on data bearing mode;

[0510] Support or not support data bearing based on user plane;

[0511] Support or not support data carrying based on PDU session mode.

[0512] Optionally, the data transmission mode includes at least one of the following:

[0513] Carrying data based on the data plane;

[0514] Carrying data based on the data carrying method;

[0515] Carrying data based on the user plane;

[0516] Data is carried based on the PDU session mode.

[0517] It can be understood that the implementation process of each implementation method mentioned in this embodiment can refer to the relevant description of the method embodiment Figure 2 or Figure 11 or Figure 12, and achieve the same or corresponding technical effects. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0518] Specifically, the terminal of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 809 and executable on the processor 810. The processor 810 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 809 to execute the methods executed by the modules shown in FIG13, FIG14 or FIG15, and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0519] The present application also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is configured to execute a program or instruction to implement the steps of the method embodiment shown in Figure 2, Figure 11, or Figure 12. This network-side device embodiment corresponds to the above-mentioned method embodiment, and each implementation process and implementation method of the above-mentioned method embodiment can be applied to this network-side device embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0520] Specifically, an embodiment of the present application further provides a network-side device. The network-side device can be a first node, a second node, or a data providing node. As shown in Figure 18, the network-side device 900 includes: an antenna 901, a radio frequency device 902, a baseband device 903, a processor 904, and a memory 905. The antenna 901 is connected to the radio frequency device 902. In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 902 receives information through the antenna 901 and sends the received information to the baseband device 903 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 903 processes the information to be sent and sends it to the radio frequency device 902. The radio frequency device 902 processes the received information and sends it out through the antenna 901.

[0521] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiment may be implemented in the baseband device 903 , which includes a baseband processor.

[0522] The baseband device 903 may include, for example, at least one baseband board, on which multiple chips are arranged, as shown in Figure 18, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 905 through a bus interface to call the program in the memory 905 and execute the network device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0523] The network side device may further include a network interface 906, which is, for example, a Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI).

[0524] Specifically, the network side device 900 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 905 and can be run on the processor 904. The processor 904 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 905 to execute the methods executed by the modules shown in Figures 13, 14 or 15, and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0525] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application further provides a network side device. As shown in FIG19 , the network side device 1000 includes: a processor 1001, a network interface 1002, and a memory 1003. The network interface 1002 is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0526] Specifically, the network side device 1000 of the embodiment of the present application also includes: instructions or programs stored in the memory 1003 and executable on the processor 1001. The processor 1001 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1003 to execute the methods executed by the modules shown in FIG7 , FIG8 or FIG9 , and achieves the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described here.

[0527] An embodiment of the present application also provides a readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the various processes of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment are implemented and the same technical effect can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0528] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk. In some examples, the readable storage medium may be a non-transitory readable storage medium.

[0529] An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0530] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0531] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium. The computer program / program product is executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-mentioned data transmission method embodiment and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be repeated here.

[0532] An embodiment of the present application also provides a data transmission system, including: a first node, a second node and a data providing node, wherein the first node can be used to execute the steps of the data transmission method applied to the first node as described above, the second node can be used to execute the steps of the data transmission method applied to the second node as described above, and the data providing node can be used to execute the steps of the data transmission method applied to the data providing node as described above.

[0533] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the opposite order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in an order different from that described, and various steps may also be added, omitted or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0534] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of a computer software product plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, by hardware. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc.) and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal or network-side device to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0535] The embodiments of the present application are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of this application, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms of implementation methods without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims. These implementation methods are all within the protection of this application.

Claims

1. A data transmission method, comprising: The first node sends first indication information to the data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: After the first node sends the first indication information to the data providing node, the method further includes: The first node receives data sent by the data providing node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The data transmission method includes at least one of the following: Carrying data based on the data plane; Carrying data based on the data carrying method; Bearing data based on the user plane; Data is carried based on the protocol data unit (PDU) session mode.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: Before the first node sends the first indication information to the data providing node, the method further includes: The first node sends a first request to the second node, where the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission mode; The first node receives a first response sent by the second node according to the first request; wherein the first indication information is determined based on the first response.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The first request includes at least one of the following: Data transfer requests; Control requests.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein: In the case where the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following: The second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, and the data feature includes at least one of the following: the length of the data packet; the distribution feature of the length of the data packet; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution feature of the time interval of sending the data packet; The third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission needs to be encrypted or decrypted; whether data transmission needs integrity protection; and the quality of service QoS requirement for data transmission; Fourth indication information, used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data item required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirement; The fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission; The sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein: The transmission data type includes at least one of the following: Positioning data; perception data; computing data; artificial intelligence AI data.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein: The first response includes at least one of the following: seventh indication information, where the seventh indication information is used to indicate acceptance or rejection of the first request; The data plane carries the identifier; PDU session identifier.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: Before the first node sends the first indication information to the data providing node, the method further includes: The first node receives the capability reporting information sent by the data providing node; The capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following: Support or not support data bearing based on the data plane; Support or not support data bearing based on data bearing mode; Support or not support data bearing based on user plane; Support or not support data carrying based on PDU session mode.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or The data providing node is a terminal, and the first node and the second node are both wireless access network functions; or The data providing node is a base station, and the first node and the second node are both core network functions; or The data providing node is a base station, and the first node is a terminal; or The data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a core network function, and the second node is a radio access network function; or The data providing node is a terminal, the first node is a wireless access network function, and the second node is a core network function.

11. A data transmission method, comprising: The second node receives a first request sent by the first node, where the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission mode; The second node sends a first response to the first node according to the first request.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein: The data transmission method includes at least one of the following: Carrying data based on the data plane; Carrying data based on the data carrying method; Bearing data based on the user plane; Data is carried based on PDU session mode.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein: In the case where the first request includes a data transmission request, the method further includes: The second node performs a data transmission configuration operation: The data transmission configuration operation includes at least one of the following: Establish data transmission channel; Modify the data transmission channel; Release the data transmission channel; Data transmission QoS management.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, wherein: In the case where the first request includes a control request, the method further includes: The second node performs at least one of the following operations: Determine the data providing node; Perform data collection coordination configuration; Execute data reporting configuration; Perform data processing configuration.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein: The performing of data collection coordination configuration includes at least one of the following: determining whether the data required by the first node is available based on the first request or data subscription information; determining a data providing node that can provide the data required by the first node; sending a data collection configuration to the first node; or The performing of data reporting configuration includes configuring data packet encapsulation of data provided by the data providing node; or The executing data processing configuration includes performing data processing configuration on a data processing node.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein: The configuration of data packet encapsulation of the data provided by the data providing node includes: The data packet encapsulation configuration for the data provided by the data providing node is at least one of the following: The length of the data packet; the distribution characteristics of the data packet length; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution characteristics of the time interval of sending data packets; whether the data is encrypted by the data providing node, and whether the data is scrambled by the data providing node.

17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein: The first request includes at least one of the following: Data transfer requests; Control requests.

18. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 17, wherein: In the case where the first request includes a data transmission request, the first request carries at least one of the following: The second indication information is used to indicate whether the data feature is known or unknown, and the data feature includes at least one of the following: the length of the data packet; the distribution feature of the length of the data packet; the time interval of the data packet; the distribution feature of the time interval of sending the data packet; The third indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following: whether data transmission needs to be encrypted or decrypted; whether data transmission needs integrity protection; and QoS requirements for data transmission; Fourth indication information, used to indicate control information of data transmission, the control information includes at least one of the following: data item required for data transmission; data providing node identifier; data providing node requirement; The fifth indication information is used to indicate a transmission type of data transmission, where the transmission type of data transmission includes at least one of the following: transparent transmission; non-transparent transmission; The sixth indication information is used to indicate the transmission data type.

19. A data transmission method, comprising: The data providing node receives first indication information sent by the first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein: After the data providing node receives the first indication information sent by the first node, the method further includes: The data providing node sends data to the first node based on the data transmission mode indicated by the first indication information.

21. The method according to claim 19, wherein: Before the data providing node receives the first indication information sent by the first node, the method further includes: The data providing node sends capability reporting information to the first node; The capability reporting information is used to indicate at least one of the following: Support or not support data bearing based on the data plane; Support or not support data bearing based on data bearing mode; Support or not support data bearing based on user plane; Support or not support data carrying based on PDU session mode.

22. The method according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein: The data transmission method includes at least one of the following: Carrying data based on the data plane; Carrying data based on the data carrying method; Bearing data based on the user plane; Data is carried based on PDU session mode.

23. A data transmission device, wherein a first node comprises the data transmission device, comprising: The first sending module is used to send first indication information to the data providing node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

24. A data transmission device, wherein the second node comprises the data transmission device, comprising: A fourth receiving module, configured to receive a first request sent by a first node, wherein the first request is used to request to determine a data transmission mode; A third sending module is configured to send a first response to the first node according to the first request.

25. A data transmission device, wherein a data providing node comprises the data transmission device, comprising: The fifth receiving module is used to receive first indication information sent by the first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate a data transmission mode.

26. A communication device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a program or instruction that can be run on the processor, and when the program or instruction is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 11 to 18, or implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 19 to 22.

27. A chip, comprising a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a program or instruction to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 11 to 18, or to implement the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 19 to 22.

28. A readable storage medium storing a program or instruction, wherein the program or instruction, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 11 to 18, or implements the steps of the data transmission method as described in any one of claims 19 to 22.

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