Multi-objective drainage control system and control method for yield optimization, flood prevention, pollution control and siltation reduction in irrigation area

Abstract

A multi-objective drainage control system and control method for yield optimization, flood prevention, pollution control and siltation reduction in an irrigation area. The system comprises a monitoring unit, an information processing unit, a water-supply control unit and a drainage control unit. By means of macroscopically controlling a drainage objective and finely adjusting a drainage process, the runoff, pollutants and sediment transport processes are changed, thereby ensuring the high yield of crops, and also reducing the flood prevention pressure of rivers, reducing area-source pollution and improving the water quality of ravines and rivers. Especially when extreme rainfall occurs, the water storage function of fields, ravines and ponds in an irrigation area is fully utilized to reduce the peak flood flow of great rivers, thereby achieving optimal benefits on a catchment scale. In this way, the technical aims of refined drainage management over farmland, and flood prevention, pollution control and siltation reduction are achieved.

Description

A multi-objective drainage control system and control method for optimizing yield, reducing floods, controlling pollution, and reducing siltation in irrigation areas Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of farmland drainage, flood prevention measures, and agricultural non-point source pollution control, and specifically relates to a multi-objective drainage control system and control method for rice irrigation areas, which is particularly suitable for irrigation areas in southern plain river networks where rice cultivation is the main purpose. Background Art

[0002] Paddy fields used for rice cultivation have a certain water storage capacity and are often located in areas prone to heavy rain and flooding. Most paddy fields in my country are irrigated, and the amount of water in these fields can be controlled through water supply and drainage systems. Paddy field crops (primarily rice) are highly resistant to flooding, and the ridges surrounding the paddy fields help retain water within the fields. Therefore, during rainfall, water supply and drainage systems within the fields and irrigation areas can temporarily disperse and store rainwater in ditches, ponds, and rivers within the paddy fields and irrigation areas, thereby controlling the amount and flow of water discharged from the irrigation areas into external rivers.

[0003] During drainage in rice irrigation areas, topsoil particles containing nitrogen and phosphorus enter the drainage system with runoff, increasing non-point source pollution and sediment output. Controlled drainage technologies, extending the retention of rainwater and surface drainage in fields and ditches, regulating drainage flows, and employing appropriate drainage methods can alter the transport of pollutants and sediment, control non-point source pollution, and improve water quality in ditches and rivers.

[0004] The existing traditional irrigation and drainage management model, which aims at high crop yields, does not give sufficient consideration to overall flood prevention, pollution control, and silt reduction.

[0005] Published patents:

[0006] CN 101660305 B A field drainage control system,

[0007] CN 204728290 U A field drainage control system,

[0008] CN 20200321 U A rice field automatic control drainage device,

[0009] CN 104963326 A A field automatic drainage control unit with adjustable flooding depth.

[0010] The above patents are unable to achieve refined drainage control to meet different drainage control requirements at the irrigation area or regional scale.

[0011] Furthermore, drainage control systems in irrigation districts designed for high yields often suffer from rapid drainage and high peak discharge volumes, leading to significant flood control pressures in downstream rivers and serious non-point source pollution and sediment output. With climate change and the increasing frequency of extreme rainfall, the risk of river flooding continues to rise. Therefore, irrigation district drainage should be controlled and managed in accordance with societal needs.

[0012] Summary of the Invention

[0013] To address the above technical issues, the present invention proposes a multi-objective drainage control system for irrigation areas, focusing on yield optimization, flood reduction, pollution control, and silt reduction. By macroscopically controlling drainage objectives and finely adjusting the drainage process, the system alters the runoff, pollutant, and sediment transport processes, thereby ensuring high crop yields while alleviating flood control pressure on rivers, reducing non-point source pollution, and improving ditch and river water quality. In particular, during periods of extreme rainfall, the water storage capacity of fields, ditches, and ponds in irrigation areas is fully utilized to mitigate peak flows in major rivers and achieve optimal benefits at the basin scale. This achieves the technical objectives of refined farmland drainage management and flood control, pollution control, and silt reduction.

[0014] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0015] A multi-objective drainage control system for irrigation areas to optimize yield, reduce flooding, control pollution, and reduce sedimentation, including:

[0016] a monitoring unit for uploading data on field precipitation, water levels and flows in external rivers, paddy fields and ditches, and rainfall in irrigation areas to the information processing unit in real time;

[0017] The information processing unit comprehensively considers real-time monitoring data, rainfall forecast information, and drainage target parameters to deduce the control and drainage plan for this rainfall;

[0018] Water supply control unit, which can control the opening and closing of irrigation area and field water supply devices and the size of water supply flow;

[0019] Drainage control unit, which can control the opening and closing of irrigation area and field drainage devices and the size of drainage flow;

[0020] The information processing unit includes the following submodules:

[0021] Flooding indicator-crop yield module: describes the functional relationship with flooding depth and flooding time as independent variables and paddy field crop yield as dependent variable;

[0022] Irrigation District Hydrological and Hydrodynamic Simulation Module: This module uses previous actual rainfall and runoff data to establish a digital model of the current irrigation district. This module simulates how the water level and flow in the fields, ditches, and rivers of the irrigation district change over time under different drainage methods during this rainfall.

[0023] Hydrodynamics-water quality module: describes the functional relationship between time as the independent variable and pollutant content as the dependent variable during the drainage process;

[0024] Hydrodynamics-Sedimentation Module: describes the functional relationship between time as the independent variable and sediment content as the dependent variable during the drainage process;

[0025] Multi-objective decision-making module: Using a non-dominated multi-objective genetic optimization algorithm, the four objectives of reducing peak flow, reducing farmland drainage pollution, reducing yield reduction, and reducing sediment content are used as evaluation indicators to obtain the optimal ditch and river drainage plan for this rainfall. The process of generating this multi-objective plan is as follows:

[0026] Given a decision vector X = (x1, ..., x n ), representing the water level in the field and ditch (pond), and the time the water stays at that level;

[0027] The objective functions are the functions of production, water level, pollutants and sediment over time and water depth obtained by the above submodules, and four optimization targets are obtained, namely production f1(X), water storage f2(X), pollutant content f3(X), and sediment content f4(X). The overall optimization target is f(X) = (f1(X), f2(X), f3(X), f4(X)).

[0028] The optimal solution X is obtained by multi-objective genetic optimization algorithm * .

[0029] The non-dominated genetic optimization algorithm comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1. Initialization

[0031] Generate an initial population of a set of drainage control strategies, each strategy represents a set of drainage control methods, given a decision solution vector X = (x1, ..., x n ), representing the water level between paddy fields and in the ditch, as well as the time the water stays at that level. These variables determine the value of each drainage target through functional relationships;

[0032] S2. Sorting

[0033] Based on the four objective functions, the submodule simulation is run, the target value of each scheme is calculated, and the non-dominated ranking is performed according to the performance of the scheme in setting the set goals.

[0034] S3. Calculate crowding distance

[0035] For each target, the solutions are sorted according to their values. For each target, the difference between adjacent solutions is calculated and the crowding distance is calculated based on this difference.

[0036] S4. Selection, crossover, and mutation

[0037] Select some solutions with high fitness and crowding distance, perform crossover and mutation operations on them, and generate new solutions.

[0038] S5. Merge and select

[0039] Merge the current population and the newly generated population, then perform non-dominated sorting and crowding distance calculation again, and select the best 10 solutions as the new population.

[0040] S6. Termination

[0041] Repeat steps S2 to S5 for a certain number of iterations, or until a termination condition is reached;

[0042] S7, final output

[0043] When the termination condition is reached, the algorithm will give a set of non-dominated drainage control strategies that represent the best trade-offs among flood control, sediment reduction, pollutant control, and field yield. It will then make decisions about the optimal drainage control based on the specific trade-off requirements and obtain the optimal solution X. * .

[0044] The information processing unit further comprises a storage module for storing historically generated control drainage schemes. When the actual initial conditions are the same as those of the historical schemes, the historical scheme is directly called to save decision-making time.

[0045] The water supply control unit and the drainage control unit control the water volume of the irrigation area at two scales.

[0046] First, the scale of the irrigation area. The surface water in the irrigation area is mainly distributed in ditches and rivers, and the amount of water discharged into the river is controlled by control units such as pumping stations or gates.

[0047] The second is the field scale, which consists of individual paddy fields. The surface water in the paddy fields is controlled by a control unit to control whether it should be discharged into the ditch in the irrigation area.

[0048] The monitoring devices are arranged at least at the three control points of the fields, ditches and outer rivers to monitor the field precipitation, paddy field and ditch water level, flow and rainfall data of the irrigation area.

[0049] The monitoring device uploads the monitored field precipitation, external river, paddy field and ditch water levels, flow, and rainfall data of the irrigation area to the information processing unit in real time through wireless transmission.

[0050] The present invention further discloses a control method based on the irrigation area's multi-objective drainage control system for optimizing yield, reducing flooding, controlling pollution, and reducing siltation. When the local weather forecast predicts that rainfall will occur, the system is activated, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S100 selects the target of drainage control for this rainfall: Based on the selected target and the predicted rainfall, it generates the optimal drainage control plan, including pre-drainage plan, water storage plan, and drainage plan, to guide the operation of the next stage;

[0052] S200 Preparation Stage: Before rainfall occurs, according to the pre-drainage plan generated in step S100, the water supply control unit of the irrigation area is closed, and the drainage control unit of the irrigation area is opened to drain excess water from the paddy fields, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches, so that the water levels in the paddy fields, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches are lowered to the target water levels in the pre-drainage plan;

[0053] S300 Water storage stage: When the real-time rainfall monitoring device detects rainfall in the irrigation area, according to the water storage plan generated in step S100, the irrigation area drainage equipment is closed, and the rainfall is dispersed and stored in the paddy fields, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches. If the water level in the fields and ditches has exceeded the water storage limit and the rainfall has not stopped, the process will enter step S400 and enter the drainage stage;

[0054] S400 Drainage stage: After the rainfall stops or the water storage reaches the upper limit, the drainage stage begins. According to the drainage plan generated in step S100, the drainage control unit of the irrigation area is regulated to discharge the water stored in the paddy fields, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches into the external river to meet the flood peak control target.

[0055] When encountering extreme rainfall, flood reduction is chosen as the only goal of the drainage control plan. By sacrificing part of the production, rainwater is intercepted and stored in the irrigation area to avoid causing greater losses. Beneficial effects:

[0056] Regarding the scheduling problem of irrigation drainage projects, traditional automatic drainage control methods can usually only meet one goal and cannot take into account multiple goals. They lack consideration of the impact of irrigation drainage on crop yields, river flood control, non-point source pollution, river siltation, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a multi-objective drainage control system that comprehensively considers high yield, flood reduction, pollution control, and silt reduction. The present invention grasps the drainage goals at a macro level, finely adjusts the drainage process, adopts drainage control technology, prolongs the retention of rainwater and surface drainage in fields and ditches, adjusts drainage flow, changes the runoff, pollutant and sediment transmission process, and adopts appropriate drainage methods, etc., so as to achieve the goal of reducing river flood control pressure, reducing non-point source pollution, and improving ditch and river water quality while ensuring high crop yields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0057] Figure 1 shows the water supply control unit and drainage control unit of the present invention controlling two scales of the irrigation area;

[0058] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-objective drainage control system according to the present invention;

[0059] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the information processing unit of the present invention;

[0060] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the multi-objective drainage control system of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an irrigation area where this controlled drainage system is actually deployed;

[0062] Among them, F-01 to F-08 represent paddy fields, (ID-1, ID-11) represent irrigation channels, (DD-1, DD-11, DD-12) represent drainage ditches, II-1 represents the irrigation area water supply control unit, DI-1 represents the irrigation area drainage control unit, and R1 represents the external river;

[0063] FIG6 is a flow chart showing the operation of the drainage system controlled by the system of the present invention during rainfall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] To make the purpose and technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] The multi-objective drainage control system for optimizing yields, reducing flooding, controlling pollution, and reducing siltation in irrigation areas described in the present invention comprises a monitoring device, an information processing device, and a control device. The monitoring device transmits real-time data on water levels, flow rates, and rainfall to the information processing device via wireless transmission. The information processing device generates a drainage plan for the current rainfall event based on rainfall forecasts, real-time data, and drainage target settings. The water supply and drainage control unit controls the opening and closing of water supply and drainage devices in the irrigation area and fields, as well as the flow rates of water supply and drainage. The water supply and drainage devices, through manual or automatic control, control the drainage plan according to the current rainfall event, thereby controlling the amount of water in the irrigation area and fields.

[0066] The monitoring devices are arranged at the main control points of fields, canals and external rivers to monitor data such as field precipitation, external rivers, paddy fields and ditch water levels and flows, and rainfall in irrigation areas, and send the data to the information processing part in real time.

[0067] The information processing part is responsible for receiving and processing the data from the monitoring device, and according to the current rainfall, obtains the optimal field and ditch (pond) water storage capacity, ditch gate control mode and drainage control plan under the rainfall, and feeds back to the irrigation district manager.

[0068] The above-mentioned control device regulates the water storage in the fields and ditches (ponds) according to the drainage plan obtained by the information processing part. The irrigation area water supply and drainage device is a device that can control the water volume in the fields through various culverts, pumping stations and artificial supply and drainage methods in the irrigation area.

[0069] As shown in Figure 5, when the system is deployed in an irrigation area, water from the outer river enters the irrigation area through the water supply control unit II-1, flows through irrigation channels at various levels, and enters the paddy fields. Water in the paddy fields then flows through drainage channels and the drainage control unit into the outer river.

[0070] The specific implementation process of this system is shown in Figure 6.

[0071] When the local weather forecast predicts that rain will occur, the system is activated and begins to run the following process:

[0072] S100 selects the goal of controlling drainage for this rainfall: based on the selected goal and predicted rainfall, it generates the optimal plan for controlling drainage, including pre-drainage plan, water storage plan, and drainage plan, to guide the operation of the next stage.

[0073] S200 Preparation stage: Before rainfall occurs, according to the pre-drainage plan generated in step S100, the irrigation area water supply control unit II-1 is closed and the irrigation area drainage control unit DI-1 is opened to drain the excess water in the paddy field blocks F-01 to F-08 and the irrigation channels and drainage ditches, so that the water levels in the paddy field blocks F-01 to F-08, the irrigation channels and the drainage ditches are reduced to the target water level in the pre-drainage plan.

[0074] S300 Water Storage Phase: When the real-time rainfall monitoring device detects rainfall in the irrigation area, it shuts down the irrigation area's drainage equipment according to the water storage plan generated in step S100, distributing the rainfall to paddy fields, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches. If the water level in the fields or ditches exceeds the upper water storage limit but the rainfall has not stopped, the system proceeds to step S400, entering the drainage phase.

[0075] S400 Drainage stage: After the rainfall stops or the water storage reaches the upper limit, the drainage stage begins. According to the drainage plan generated in step S100, the drainage control unit of the irrigation area is regulated to discharge the water stored in the paddy fields, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches to the outer river R1 to meet the flood peak control target.

[0076] The generation of the drainage plan of the present invention is completed by the decision module of the information processing part, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0077] In step S100, when rainfall is predicted, the manager can select the main objectives of the current drainage control plan as needed: high yield, flood reduction, pollution control, and silt reduction. Generally speaking, flood reduction as a drainage control goal mainly occurs in June-August. At this time, rainstorms and floods are prone to occur, and it is necessary to use the storage function of irrigation fields and ditches (ponds) to reduce the flood control pressure of external rivers. When encountering extreme rainfall, flood reduction can be selected as the only goal of the drainage control plan. By sacrificing part of the yield, rainwater can be intercepted and stored in the irrigation area to avoid causing greater losses. In general, you can select a single or multiple goals as needed to obtain a comprehensive optimal drainage control plan.

[0078] In step S100, four drainage control targets are selected as the control targets for this solution generation, and a non-dominated genetic optimization algorithm is used. This method is often used for multi-objective optimal solutions, as shown in Figure 3. The process of generating the multi-objective solution is as follows:

[0079] Determine the objective function

[0080] (1) Optimal yield: Maximize crop yield. Rice yield is affected by field water depth and flooding duration. The objective function for optimal rice yield is: maxf1(X) = maxY (1)

[0081] In formula (1), Y is the actual yield obtained by simulating the functional relationship between flooding depth and flooding time as independent variables and paddy field crop yield as the dependent variable. Unit: kg / hm2.

[0082] (2) Flood reduction: Minimize the risk of flooding in the region. The flood risk in the region is quantified by the amount of water stored in the farmland, i.e., the amount of water stored in the field.

[0083] In formula (2), f2(X) is the water storage capacity of the entire irrigation area, unit: m3, which is equal to the sum of the water volume distributed in the ditches and fields in the irrigation area, n = the number of all water storage units in the irrigation area, and m is the water storage capacity in each water storage unit, unit: m3.

[0084] (3) Pollution control: Minimize the level of pollutants in runoff water (e.g. TN, TP, etc.). minf3(X) = minP (3)

[0085] In formula (3), P is the pollutant content simulated by the functional relationship with time as the independent variable and pollutant content as the dependent variable during the drainage process, unit: kg / m3

[0086] (4) Sediment reduction: Minimize the amount of sediment runoff in the field. minf4(X)=minS (4)

[0087] In formula (4), S is the pollutant content simulated by the functional relationship of time as the independent variable and sediment content as the dependent variable during the drainage process, unit: kg / m3.

[0088] The overall optimization goal is f(X) = (maxf1(X), maxf2(X), minf3(X), minf4(X)). The algorithm steps to obtain this solution are as follows:

[0089] S1. Initialization

[0090] Generate an initial population of a set of drainage control strategies, each strategy represents a set of drainage control methods, given a decision solution vector X = (x1, ..., x n ), representing the water level between paddy fields and in the ditch, and the time it stays at that level;

[0091] S2. Sorting

[0092] Based on the four objective functions, the submodule simulation is run, the target value of each scheme is calculated, and the non-dominated ranking is performed according to the performance of the scheme in setting the set goals.

[0093] S3. Calculate crowding distance

[0094] For each target, the solutions are sorted according to their values. For each target, the difference between adjacent solutions is calculated and the crowding distance is calculated based on this difference.

[0095] S4. Selection, crossover, and mutation

[0096] Select some solutions with high fitness and crowding distance, perform crossover and mutation operations on them, and generate new solutions.

[0097] S5. Merge and select

[0098] Merge the current population and the newly generated population, then perform non-dominated sorting and crowding distance calculation again, and select the best 10 solutions as the new population.

[0099] S6. Termination

[0100] Repeat steps S2 to S5 for a certain number of iterations, or until a termination condition is reached;

[0101] S7, final output

[0102] When the termination condition is reached, the algorithm will give a set of non-dominated drainage control strategies that represent the best trade-offs between flood control, sediment reduction, pollutant control, and field yield. It will make decisions about the optimal drainage control based on the specific trade-off requirements and obtain the optimal solution X. * .

[0103] The generated control and drainage scheme will be provided to managers as a reference for regulating and controlling the control devices during the current rainfall. The historically generated control and drainage schemes can be stored in the storage module. When the actual initial conditions match those of the historical scheme, the historical scheme can be directly called to save decision-making time.

Claims

1. A multi-objective drainage control system for irrigation area high yield, flood reduction, pollution control and silt reduction, characterized in that: include: A monitoring unit for uploading data on field precipitation, water levels and flows of external rivers, paddy fields and ditches, and rainfall in irrigation areas to the information processing unit in real time; The information processing unit comprehensively considers the real-time monitoring data, rainfall forecast information and drainage target parameters to deduce the control and drainage plan for this rainfall; The water supply control unit can control the opening and closing of irrigation area and field water supply devices and the size of water supply flow; The drainage control unit can control the opening and closing of irrigation area and field drainage devices and the size of drainage flow; The information processing unit includes the following submodules: Flooding indicator-crop yield module: describes the functional relationship with flooding depth and flooding time as independent variables and paddy field crop yield as dependent variable; Irrigation area hydrology and hydrodynamic simulation module: establish a digital model of the current irrigation area through the previous actual rainfall and runoff data, and simulate the change of water level and flow in the fields, ditches and rivers of this irrigation area over time under different drainage methods under this rainfall; Hydrodynamics-water quality module: describes the functional relationship between time as the independent variable and pollutant content as the dependent variable during the drainage process; Hydrodynamics-Sediment Module: describes the functional relationship between time as the independent variable and sediment content as the dependent variable during the drainage process; Multi-objective decision-making module: Using a non-dominated multi-objective genetic optimization algorithm, the four goals of reducing flood peak flow, reducing farmland drainage pollution, reducing production reduction, and reducing sediment content are used as evaluation indicators to obtain the optimal ditch and river drainage plan under this rainfall. The process of generating the multi-objective plan is as follows: Given a decision vector X = (x1, ..., x n ), representing the water level in the field and ditch (pond), and the time the water stays at that level; The objective function is the function of the production, water level, pollutants and sediment changing with time and water depth obtained by the above submodules, and four optimization targets are obtained, namely, production f1(X), water storage f2(X), pollutant content f3(X), sediment content f4(X). The overall optimization target is f(X) = (f1(X), f2(X), f3(X), f4(X)). The optimal solution X is obtained by the multi-objective genetic optimization algorithm. * .

2. The irrigation area high yield-flood reduction-pollution control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The non-dominated genetic optimization algorithm comprises the following steps: S1. Initialization Generate an initial population of a set of drainage control strategies, each strategy represents a set of drainage control methods, given a decision plan vector X = (x1, ..., x n ), representing the water level between paddy fields and in ditches, and the time the water stays at that level. These variables determine the value of each drainage target through functional relationships; S2. Sorting Based on the four objective functions, the submodule simulations are run, the objective value of each scheme is calculated, and the schemes are non-dominated according to their performance in the set objectives. S3. Calculate crowding distance For the set goals, sort the solutions according to their values. For each goal, calculate the difference between adjacent solutions and use it as the basis to calculate the crowding distance. ; S4. Selection, crossover and mutation Select some solutions with high fitness and crowding distance, perform crossover and mutation operations on them, and generate new solutions. S5. Merge and select Merge the current population and the newly generated population, then perform non-dominated sorting and crowding distance calculation again, and select the best 10 solutions as the new population. S6. Termination Repeat steps S2 to S5 for a certain number of iterations or until a termination condition is reached; S7, Final Output When the termination condition is reached, the algorithm will give a set of non-dominated drainage control strategies, which represent the best trade-offs between flood control, sediment reduction, pollutant control and field yield. Further, the algorithm makes decisions on the optimal drainage control according to the specific trade-off requirements and obtains the optimal solution X. * .

3. The irrigation area high yield-flood reduction-pollution control-sedimentation reduction multi-objective drainage control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The information processing unit also includes a storage module for storing historically generated control drainage schemes. When the actual initial conditions are the same as those of the historical schemes, the historical schemes are directly called to save decision-making time.

4. The irrigation area high yield-flood reduction-pollution control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water supply control unit and the drainage control unit control the water volume of the irrigation area at two scales. First, the scale of the irrigation area. The surface water in the irrigation area is mainly distributed in ditches and rivers, controlled by pump stations or gate control units. Control whether water is discharged to the outer river; The second is the field scale, which is composed of individual paddy fields. The surface water in the paddy fields is controlled by a control unit to whether it should be discharged into the ditch in the irrigation area.

5. The irrigation area high yield-flood reduction-pollution control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring devices are arranged at least at the above three control points of the field, ditch and outer river to monitor the field precipitation, paddy field and ditch water level, flow and rainfall data of the irrigation area.

6. The irrigation area high yield-flood reduction-pollution control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The monitoring device uploads the monitored field precipitation, external river, paddy field and ditch water level, flow rate and rainfall data of the irrigation area to the information processing unit in real time through wireless transmission.

7. A control method based on the irrigation area high yield-flood reduction-pollution control-siltation reduction multi-objective drainage control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: When the local weather forecast predicts that rainfall will occur, the system starts, including the following steps: S100 selects the goal of controlling drainage for this rainfall: generates the optimal plan for controlling drainage based on the selected goal and predicted rainfall, including pre-drainage plan, water storage plan, and drainage plan, to guide the operation of the next stage; S200 preparation stage: before rainfall occurs, according to the pre-drainage plan generated in step S100, the water supply control unit of the irrigation area is closed, and the drainage control unit of the irrigation area is opened to drain the excess water in the paddy field blocks, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches, so that the water level in the paddy field blocks, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches drops to the target water level in the pre-drainage plan; S300 water storage stage: when the real-time rainfall monitoring device detects that rainfall has occurred in the irrigation area, according to the water storage plan generated in step S100, the irrigation area drainage equipment is closed to disperse and store the rainfall in paddy fields, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches. If the water level in the fields and ditches has exceeded the upper limit of water storage and the rainfall has not stopped, step S400 will be entered to enter the drainage stage; S400 Drainage stage: After the rainfall stops or the water storage reaches the upper limit, the drainage stage begins. According to the drainage plan generated in step S100, the drainage control unit of the irrigation area is regulated to discharge the water stored in the paddy fields, irrigation channels, and drainage ditches to the external river to meet the flood peak control target.

8. The control method of the irrigation area high yield-flood reduction-pollution control system according to claim 7 is characterized in that: When encountering extreme rainfall, we choose flood reduction as the only goal of the drainage control plan, and store rainwater in the irrigation area by sacrificing part of the production to avoid causing greater losses.

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