Kirschner wire bending pliers

Abstract

Kirschner wire bending pliers, comprising two handles (1) and (2), the heads of the two handles (1) and (2) being connected in series on a rotating shaft (3) by means of a ratchet, a clamping groove (11) for clamping a Kirschner wire being formed in the side of the head of one handle (1), one side of the clamping groove (11) being a forming core block (121), the end of the rotating shaft (3) being provided with a pressing head (4), the opening and closing of the two handles driving the rotating shaft (3) to rotate, and the pressing head (4) at the end of the rotating shaft (3) bending the Kirschner wire in the clamping groove (11) around the forming core block (121). The ratchets connected in series drive the rotating shaft (3) to drive the pressing head (4) to bend the Kirschner wire (100) around the forming core block (121); the structure is also relatively simple, and the angle of rotation of the pressing head (4) is decomposed by means of the transmission of the ratchets, such that the angle of rotation of the pressing head (4) is implemented by means of opening and closing the handle multiple times; thus, the opening force of the two handles is very small; the force of pressing the handles is converted into opening and closing force of the two handles; a doctor is thus not easily distracted, and can consider the clamping force.

Description

Kirschner wire bending pliers Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to orthopedic surgical instruments, in particular to a Kirschner wire bending pliers and a Kirschner wire bending composite pliers. Background Art

[0002] Kirschner wires are a commonly used internal fixation material in orthopedics. They are elongated cylindrical structures with a pointed tip, typically around 20 centimeters in length and available in several sizes ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 mm in diameter. They are used to fix fractures that require minimal stress, such as short fractures or avulsion fractures, and are also often used to temporarily fix fracture fragments during orthopedic surgery. While Kirschner wires offer many advantages for fracture reduction and fixation, they also carry a number of complications, primarily related to two factors: the sharp protrusion at the wire's end irritating surrounding soft tissues, and the wire's displacement, leading to loosening.

[0003] To address this issue, Professor Kramer of the University of Washington described a surgical method involving a 180° bend in the distal end of the K-wire in seven steps. The researchers collected data from 56 displaced calcaneal fractures in 2008 (51 patients). Eleven of these cases did not utilize K-wire fixation, and 19 had less than one year of follow-up. The remaining 25 fractures (24 patients) involved a total of 86 K-wires, all with bent distal ends. The mean follow-up period was 2.26 years (12-46 months) postoperatively. Radiographs revealed no K-wire displacement or K-wire-related pain. Ten patients required internal fixation removal due to plating or other issues; a total of 40 K-wires were successfully removed without complications. Wire displacement and soft tissue irritation due to protrusion of the distal end are minimized by this 180-degree bend. Therefore, this method reduces the likelihood of loss of fixation in K-wire-fixed fractures, allowing for early postoperative mobilization. This surgical method is mainly suitable for situations where Kirschner wires need to be embedded in the bone, such as tension bands and permanent fracture fixation. In addition, this technique makes removal easier when used for temporary Kirschner wire fixation. This technique can skillfully bend the Kirschner wire 180° through 7 steps. 0.045, 0.054, and 0.062-inch Kirschner wires are commonly used. The key steps of the surgical operation are: 1. The Kirschner wire is first withdrawn 5mm from the final depth. This prevents the Kirschner wire from penetrating too deep and penetrating the contralateral cortex. After the tail end of the Kirschner wire is bent, it is hammered into the bone. Use a needle holder to clamp the Kirschner wire close to the bone surface, and then use a No. 7 stainless steel suction head to cover the entire Kirschner wire. The needle holder clamps the Kirschner wire, and the suction head is used to bend the Kirschner wire in a direction perpendicular to the needle holder, so that the Kirschner wire forms a 90° angle. Slide the suction head and needle holder toward the tail of the K-wire. Clamp the needle holder 5 mm from the bend. Bend the K-wire in the opposite direction with the suction head, approximately 120°. Hold the needle holder in the position where it was initially clamped, keeping it close to the bone. Insert the suction head into the second bend. Using the second bend as leverage, continue to increase the angle in the direction of the first bend, bringing the first bend to 170°. It is important to note that due to bone obstruction, a 170° bend cannot be achieved directly through the first bend, so a second bend is necessary. Clamp and cut the K-wire approximately 5 mm from the first bend. Use the needle holder to increase the bend of the K-wire to a 180° angle. Hammer the bent end of the K-wire into the bone. Once the sharp end of the K-wire is embedded in the bone, the smooth hooked portion will be flush with the bone surface.

[0004] This surgical method for bending the end of a K-wire not only involves multiple steps and is time-consuming, but also reduces its strength due to mechanical fatigue from repeated bending. Furthermore, the bending step is performed after the wire is mostly inserted into the bone. Using ordinary needle-nose pliers to bend the wire lacks the necessary support, placing significant pressure on the bone and potentially causing fractures in the surrounding bone. Furthermore, it is generally suitable for K-wires with a diameter of less than 1.5 mm, limiting its applicability.

[0005] WO2014190945A1 discloses an orthopedic Kirschner wire bender of the applicant, wherein a forming core block (1) is fixed on a base (5), a limiting column (4) is provided on the base (5), and the limiting column (4) and the forming core block (1) jointly position the Kirschner wire, and a shifting block (6) is rotatably connected to the base (5) via a connecting member (31). The shifting block (6) rotates around the rotation axis (3) and shifts the Kirschner wire around the forming core block (1) to bend into a standard hook-shaped elbow. Since the function of the connecting member (31) is to transmit the rotation angle of the shifting block through the connecting member (31), the opening and closing angle of the handle is reduced. In this way, the opening and closing force of the handle is very large, the connecting member has to bear a large force, and the handle is also longer, making the Kirschner wire bender very bulky.

[0006] WO2022110701A1 discloses a Kirschner wire surgical forceps developed by the applicant. The forceps comprise two rotating jaws that rotate relative to each other, each with a clamping head extending from one end. The two clamping heads form the jaws that open and close. Each jaw has a handle extending from the other end, and one of the two jaws or one of the two clamping heads serves as the axial hole or rotating shaft of the rotating pair. The forceps have a simple structure and solve the problems of clamping and bending orthopedic Kirschner wires. However, the bending force is entirely applied by pressing the handles. When the diameter of the Kirschner wire is greater than 2 mm, the bending force is large, distracting the surgeon, causing the surgeon to lose focus on the clamping force, making it inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems of the existing WO2014190945A1 Kirschner wire bending pliers being bulky, and also to solve the technical problem of the WO2022110701A1 Kirschner wire surgical pliers having a large bending force, which distracts the doctor's attention and causes the doctor to be unable to take into account the clamping force, the present invention provides a Kirschner wire bending pliers, comprising two handles that open and close relative to each other, the heads of the two handles 1 and 2 being connected in series on a rotating shaft 3 through a ratchet, a clamping groove 11 for clamping the Kirschner wire being provided on the side of the head of one of the handles 1, a forming core block 121 being provided on one side of the clamping groove, a pressure head 4 being provided at the end of the rotating shaft 3, the opening and closing of the two handles driving the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the pressure head 4 at the end of the rotating shaft 3 bends the Kirschner wire 100 in the clamping groove 11 around the forming core block 121. The description of claim 1 of the present invention includes the content of the Kirschner wire 100, and only uses the Kirschner wire 100 as an adjective to describe the function of the clamping groove 11. The Kirschner wire bending pliers product of claim 1 only has the clamping groove 11, and there is no Kirschner wire 100 in the clamping groove 11.

[0008] In the Kirschner wire bending pliers, the ratchet is a one-way ratchet.

[0009] The described Kirschner wire bending pliers have two handle heads connected in series on the rotating shaft through a ratchet. The two handles that open and close relatively to each other are both annular heads. The annular holes 15 of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft 3, and there are one-way ratchet structures between the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3.

[0010] The described Kirschner wire bending pliers, the one-way ratchet structure is composed of two grooves 16 respectively connected to the two annular holes 15, the groove 16 is a structure with one end shallow and the other end deep, the outer surface of the rotating shaft 3 corresponding to the groove 16 is provided with a rotating shaft locking tooth 33, the movable block 34 is placed in the groove 16, the surface of the movable block 34 in contact with the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a movable block locking tooth 38 cooperating with the rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and an elastic member 35 is provided between the movable block 34 and the deep end of the groove 16, so that when the rotating shaft 3 is rotated from the movable block 34 to the elastic member 35, the movable block 34 overcomes the elastic force and moves from the shallow end to the deep end in the circumferential direction, the movable block 34 can also move radially, so that the movable block locking tooth 38 of the movable block 34 is disengaged from the rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and the rotating shaft 3 can be rotated, otherwise the movable block 34 locks the rotating shaft 3, so that the rotating shaft 3 realizes one-way rotation; the opening and closing of the two handles causes the movable block 34 to alternately drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft 3 rotates. Two grooves 16 are respectively connected to the two annular holes 15. The grooves 16 can also be blind holes 161. A movable block 341 is set in the blind hole. A spring 351 is placed between the movable block 341 and the bottom of the blind hole 161. The unidirectional rotation of the rotating shaft 3 is achieved through the unidirectional sliding between the ratchet teeth.

[0011] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above have a clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire on the side of one of the handle heads, and a forming core block on one side of the clamping groove. A positioning hole 12 is set on the side of one of the handle heads, and a positioning block 122 that cooperates with the positioning hole 12 is at the bottom of the clamping groove 11.

[0012] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above, the clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire, is a Kirschner wire clamping pliers. When the clamping pliers 111 clamp the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted into and matched with the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 causes the pressure head at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121.

[0013] A Kirschner wire bending compound pliers comprises a Kirschner wire bending pliers, wherein two handles of the bending pliers open and close relative to each other to drive the rotation shaft of the head, and a pressure head is provided at the end of the rotation shaft; and a Kirschner wire clamping pliers, wherein a positioning hole 12 is provided on the side of the head of the bending pliers; when the clamping pliers 111 clamps the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted and engaged with the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotation shaft 3 causes the pressure head 4 at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121. The description of claim 7 of the present invention includes the content of the Kirschner wire 100, but only uses the Kirschner wire 100 as an attributive to describe the function of the clamping pliers 111 having the head 112 inserted and engaged with the positioning hole 12 when clamping the Kirschner wire 100. The Kirschner wire bending compound pliers product of claim 7 only comprises the clamping pliers 111, and the head of the clamping pliers 111 does not clamp the Kirschner wire 100.

[0014] The described Kirschner wire bending compound pliers, the two handles drive the rotating shaft of the head to rotate, and the two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft through a ratchet, that is, the two handles that open and close relatively to each other are both annular heads, and the same rotating shaft 3 passes through the annular holes 15 of the two annular heads, and there are one-way ratchet structures between the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3.

[0015] In the present invention, the ratchet drive shaft in series drives the pressure head 4 to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121. The ratchet wrench is a very mature technology and has a relatively simple structure, which makes the overall structure simple. At the same time, the ratchet of the present invention is a lever principle.

[0016] The rotation angle of the pressure head 4 is decomposed by transmitting it through the ratchet, so that the rotation angle of the pressure head 4 is achieved by multiple opening and closing of the handles, so that the opening and closing force of the two handles is very small; the force applied by pressing the handle is converted into the opening and closing force of the two handles, which is not easy to distract the doctor's attention and can take into account the clamping force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending forceps at one angle;

[0018] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending forceps at another angle;

[0019] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending forceps at one angle;

[0020] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the K-wire bending forceps head at another angle;

[0021] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending compound forceps at one angle;

[0022] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the head of the Kirschner wire bending compound forceps at another angle.

[0023] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the front positioning hole Kirschner wire bending compound forceps head at one angle;

[0024] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram A of the head of the Kirschner wire bending compound forceps at another angle with the front positioning hole;

[0025] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram B of the head of the Kirschner wire bending compound forceps at another angle with the front positioning hole;

[0026] FIG10 is an exploded view of the structure in which the head 112 of the clamp 11 is locked with the positioning hole 12;

[0027] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another ratchet structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] As shown in Figure 1-2, a Kirschner wire bending pliers includes two handles that open and close relative to each other. The two handles are a first handle 1 and a second handle 2 whose heads are connected in series on a rotating shaft 3 through a ratchet. A clamping groove 11 for clamping the Kirschner wire is provided on the side of the head of the first handle 1. A forming core block 121 is provided on one side of the clamping groove 11. A pressure head 4 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 3. The opening and closing of the two handles drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the pressure head 4 at the end of the rotating shaft 3 bends the Kirschner wire 100 in the clamping groove 11 around the forming core block 121.

[0029] In the Kirschner wire bending pliers, the ratchet is a one-way ratchet. A spreading spring can be provided between the two handles, and after the two handles are tightly gripped, the spreading spring spreads the two handles apart and resets them.

[0030] The described Kirschner wire bending pliers have two handle heads connected in series on the rotating shaft 3 through a ratchet, and the first handle 1 and the second handle 2 that open and close relatively are both annular heads. The annular holes 15 of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft 3, and the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3 are respectively cooperated with a one-way ratchet structure.

[0031] As shown in Figure 1-4, the Kirschner wire bending pliers described above have two grooves 16 respectively connected to the two annular holes 15, and the groove 16 is a structure with a shallow end and a deep end. The outer surface of the rotating shaft 3 corresponding to the groove 16 is provided with a rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and the movable block 34 is placed in the groove 16. The surface of the movable block 34 in contact with the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a movable block locking tooth 38 that cooperates with the rotating shaft locking tooth 33. An elastic member 35 is provided between the movable block 34 and the deep end of the groove 16, so that when the rotating shaft 3 is rotated from the movable block 34 to the elastic member 35, the movable block 34 overcomes the elastic force and moves from the shallow end to the deep end in the circumferential direction, and the movable block 34 can also move radially. The radial movement causes the movable block locking tooth 38 of the movable block 34 to disengage from the rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and the rotating shaft 3 can be rotated. Otherwise, the movable block 34 locks the rotating shaft 3, so that the rotating shaft 3 realizes unidirectional rotation; the opening and closing of the two handles causes the movable block 34 to alternately drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate unidirectionally, so that the rotating shaft 3 rotates continuously. Two grooves 16 are respectively connected to the two annular holes 15. The groove 16 can also be the blind hole 161 in Figure 11. A movable block 341 is set in the blind hole. There is a spring 351 between the movable block 341 and the bottom of the blind hole 161. The unidirectional rotation of the rotating shaft 3 is achieved through the unidirectional sliding between the ratchet teeth.

[0032] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above have a clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire on the side of one of the handle heads, and a forming core block on one side of the clamping groove. A positioning hole 12 is provided on the side of one of the handle heads, and a positioning block 122 is provided at the bottom of the clamping groove 11 to cooperate with the positioning hole 12. In this way, different clamping grooves 11 can be replaced to accommodate Kirschner wires of different diameters.

[0033] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above, the clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire, is a Kirschner wire clamping pliers. When the clamping pliers 111 clamp the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted into and matched with the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 causes the pressure head at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1-9, a Kirschner wire bending compound pliers includes a Kirschner wire bending pliers, wherein the two handles of the bending pliers open and close relative to each other to drive the rotation shaft of the head to rotate, and a pressure head 4 is provided at the end of the rotation shaft 3; and includes a Kirschner wire clamping pliers, wherein a positioning hole 12 is provided on the side of the head of the bending pliers; when the clamping pliers 111 clamps the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted into the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotation shaft 3 causes the pressure head 4 at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around a forming core block 121 of the clamping pliers head on one side. As shown in Figure 11, a pin hole 502 can be set above the positioning hole 12, and a matching pin hole 503 is set on the head 112 of the clamping pliers 11. When the head 112 of the clamping pliers 11 is inserted into the positioning hole 12, the pin hole 502 and the matching pin hole 503 are coaxial. The pin 501 is inserted into the pin hole 502 and the matching pin hole 503 to lock the head 112 and the positioning hole 12. When the forming core block 121 of the head 112 is conical, the bending force generates a force that causes the head 112 to disengage from the positioning hole 12. In this way, no matter how large the bending force is, the head 112 will not disengage from the positioning hole 12.

[0035] The Kirschner wire bending compound pliers are characterized by the two handles driving the rotating shaft of the head to rotate. The two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft via a ratchet, that is, the two handles that open and close relative to each other are both annular heads, and the annular holes 15 of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft 3. There are unidirectional ratchet structures between the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3. The Kirschner wire is a commonly used internal fixation material in orthopedics. It is a slender cylindrical structure with a pointed end. Its specifications are generally fixed at about 20 centimeters, and there are several different specifications with a diameter between 0.5-4.0 mm. It is used to fix fractures with low stress, such as short fractures or avulsion fractures, and is also often used to fix temporary fracture fragments in orthopedic surgery. Although Kirschner wires provide a lot of convenience for fracture reduction and fixation, they also have many complications, mainly including two aspects: the sharp protrusion at the tail end of the Kirschner wire irritates the surrounding soft tissue and the displacement of the Kirschner wire causes loosening.

[0036] To address this issue, Professor Kramer of the University of Washington described a surgical method involving a 180° bend in the distal end of the K-wire in seven steps. The researchers collected data from 56 displaced calcaneal fractures in 2008 (51 patients). Eleven of these cases did not utilize K-wire fixation, and 19 had less than one year of follow-up. The remaining 25 fractures (24 patients) involved a total of 86 K-wires, all with bent distal ends. The mean follow-up period was 2.26 years (12-46 months) postoperatively. Radiographs revealed no K-wire displacement or K-wire-related pain. Ten patients required internal fixation removal due to plating or other issues; a total of 40 K-wires were successfully removed without complications. Wire displacement and soft tissue irritation due to protrusion of the distal end are minimized by this 180-degree bend. Therefore, this method reduces the likelihood of loss of fixation in K-wire-fixed fractures, allowing for early postoperative mobilization. This surgical method is mainly suitable for situations where Kirschner wires need to be embedded in the bone, such as tension bands and permanent fracture fixation. In addition, this technique makes removal easier when used for temporary Kirschner wire fixation. This technique can skillfully bend the Kirschner wire 180° through 7 steps. 0.045, 0.054, and 0.062-inch Kirschner wires are commonly used. The key steps of the surgical operation are: 1. The Kirschner wire is first withdrawn 5mm from the final depth. This prevents the Kirschner wire from penetrating too deep and penetrating the contralateral cortex. After the tail end of the Kirschner wire is bent, it is hammered into the bone. Use a needle holder to clamp the Kirschner wire close to the bone surface, and then use a No. 7 stainless steel suction head to cover the entire Kirschner wire. The needle holder clamps the Kirschner wire, and the suction head is used to bend the Kirschner wire in a direction perpendicular to the needle holder, so that the Kirschner wire forms a 90° angle. Slide the suction head and needle holder toward the tail of the K-wire. Clamp the needle holder 5 mm from the bend. Bend the K-wire in the opposite direction with the suction head, approximately 120°. Hold the needle holder in the position where it was initially clamped, keeping it close to the bone. Insert the suction head into the second bend. Using the second bend as leverage, continue to increase the angle in the direction of the first bend, bringing the first bend to 170°. It is important to note that due to bone obstruction, a 170° bend cannot be achieved directly through the first bend, so a second bend is necessary. Clamp and cut the K-wire approximately 5 mm from the first bend. Use the needle holder to increase the bend of the K-wire to a 180° angle. Hammer the bent end of the K-wire into the bone. Once the sharp end of the K-wire is embedded in the bone, the smooth hooked portion will be flush with the bone surface.

[0037] This surgical method for bending the end of a K-wire not only involves multiple steps and is time-consuming, but also reduces its strength due to mechanical fatigue from repeated bending. Furthermore, the bending step is performed after the wire is mostly inserted into the bone. Using ordinary needle-nose pliers to bend the wire lacks the necessary support, placing significant pressure on the bone and potentially causing fractures in the surrounding bone. Furthermore, it is generally suitable for K-wires with a diameter of less than 1.5 mm, limiting its applicability.

[0038] WO2014190945A1 discloses an orthopedic Kirschner wire bender of the applicant, wherein a forming core block (1) is fixed on a base (5), a limiting column (4) is provided on the base (5), and the limiting column (4) and the forming core block (1) jointly position the Kirschner wire, and a shifting block (6) is rotatably connected to the base (5) via a connecting member (31). The shifting block (6) rotates around the rotation axis (3) and shifts the Kirschner wire around the forming core block (1) to bend into a standard hook-shaped elbow. Since the function of the connecting member (31) is to transmit the rotation angle of the shifting block through the connecting member (31), the opening and closing angle of the handle is reduced. In this way, the opening and closing force of the handle is very large, the connecting member has to bear a large force, and the handle is also longer, making the Kirschner wire bender very bulky.

[0039] WO2022110701A1 discloses a Kirschner wire surgical forceps developed by the applicant. The forceps comprise two rotating jaws that rotate relative to each other, each with a clamping head extending from one end. The two clamping heads form the jaws that open and close. Each jaw has a handle extending from the other end, and one of the two jaws or one of the two clamping heads serves as the axial hole or rotating shaft of the rotating pair. The forceps have a simple structure and solve the problems of clamping and bending orthopedic Kirschner wires. However, the bending force is entirely applied by pressing the handles. When the diameter of the Kirschner wire is greater than 2 mm, the bending force is large, distracting the surgeon, causing the surgeon to lose focus on the clamping force, making it inconvenient to use. Summary of the Invention

[0040] In order to solve the technical problems of the existing WO2014190945A1 Kirschner wire bending pliers being bulky, and also to solve the technical problem of the WO2022110701A1 Kirschner wire surgical pliers having a large bending force, which distracts the doctor's attention and causes the doctor to be unable to take into account the clamping force, the present invention provides a Kirschner wire bending pliers, comprising two handles that open and close relative to each other, the heads of the two handles 1 and 2 being connected in series on a rotating shaft 3 through a ratchet, a clamping groove 11 for clamping the Kirschner wire being provided on the side of the head of one of the handles 1, a forming core block 121 being provided on one side of the clamping groove, a pressure head 4 being provided at the end of the rotating shaft 3, the opening and closing of the two handles driving the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the pressure head 4 at the end of the rotating shaft 3 bends the Kirschner wire 100 in the clamping groove 11 around the forming core block 121. The description of claim 1 of the present invention includes the content of the Kirschner wire 100, and only uses the Kirschner wire 100 as an adjective to describe the function of the clamping groove 11. The Kirschner wire bending pliers product of claim 1 only has the clamping groove 11, and there is no Kirschner wire 100 in the clamping groove 11.

[0041] In the Kirschner wire bending pliers, the ratchet is a one-way ratchet.

[0042] The described Kirschner wire bending pliers have two handle heads connected in series on the rotating shaft through a ratchet. The two handles that open and close relatively to each other are both annular heads. The annular holes 15 of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft 3, and there are one-way ratchet structures between the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3.

[0043] The described Kirschner wire bending pliers, the one-way ratchet structure is composed of two grooves 16 respectively connected to the two annular holes 15, the groove 16 is a structure with one end shallow and the other end deep, the outer surface of the rotating shaft 3 corresponding to the groove 16 is provided with a rotating shaft locking tooth 33, the movable block 34 is placed in the groove 16, the surface of the movable block 34 in contact with the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a movable block locking tooth 38 cooperating with the rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and an elastic member 35 is provided between the movable block 34 and the deep end of the groove 16, so that when the rotating shaft 3 is rotated from the movable block 34 to the elastic member 35, the movable block 34 overcomes the elastic force and moves from the shallow end to the deep end in the circumferential direction, the movable block 34 can also move radially, so that the movable block locking tooth 38 of the movable block 34 is disengaged from the rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and the rotating shaft 3 can be rotated, otherwise the movable block 34 locks the rotating shaft 3, so that the rotating shaft 3 realizes one-way rotation; the opening and closing of the two handles causes the movable block 34 to alternately drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, so that the rotating shaft 3 rotates. Two grooves 16 are respectively connected to the two annular holes 15. The grooves 16 can also be blind holes 161. A movable block 341 is set in the blind hole. A spring 351 is placed between the movable block 341 and the bottom of the blind hole 161. The unidirectional rotation of the rotating shaft 3 is achieved through the unidirectional sliding between the ratchet teeth.

[0044] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above have a clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire on the side of one of the handle heads, and a forming core block on one side of the clamping groove. A positioning hole 12 is set on the side of one of the handle heads, and a positioning block 122 that cooperates with the positioning hole 12 is at the bottom of the clamping groove 11.

[0045] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above, the clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire, is a Kirschner wire clamping pliers. When the clamping pliers 111 clamp the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted into and matched with the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 causes the pressure head at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121.

[0046] A Kirschner wire bending compound pliers comprises a Kirschner wire bending pliers, wherein two handles of the bending pliers open and close relative to each other to drive the rotation shaft of the head, and a pressure head is provided at the end of the rotation shaft; and a Kirschner wire clamping pliers, wherein a positioning hole 12 is provided on the side of the head of the bending pliers; when the clamping pliers 111 clamps the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted and engaged with the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotation shaft 3 causes the pressure head 4 at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121. The description of claim 7 of the present invention includes the content of the Kirschner wire 100, but only uses the Kirschner wire 100 as an attributive to describe the function of the clamping pliers 111 having the head 112 inserted and engaged with the positioning hole 12 when clamping the Kirschner wire 100. The Kirschner wire bending compound pliers product of claim 7 only comprises the clamping pliers 111, and the head of the clamping pliers 111 does not clamp the Kirschner wire 100.

[0047] The described Kirschner wire bending compound pliers, the two handles drive the rotating shaft of the head to rotate, and the two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft through a ratchet, that is, the two handles that open and close relatively to each other are both annular heads, and the same rotating shaft 3 passes through the annular holes 15 of the two annular heads, and there are one-way ratchet structures between the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3.

[0048] In the present invention, the ratchet drive shaft in series drives the pressure head 4 to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121. The ratchet wrench is a very mature technology and has a relatively simple structure, which makes the overall structure simple. At the same time, the ratchet of the present invention is a lever principle.

[0049] The rotation angle of the pressure head 4 is decomposed by transmitting it through the ratchet, so that the rotation angle of the pressure head 4 is achieved by multiple opening and closing of the handles, so that the opening and closing force of the two handles is very small; the force applied by pressing the handle is converted into the opening and closing force of the two handles, which is not easy to distract the doctor's attention and can take into account the clamping force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending forceps at one angle;

[0051] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending forceps at another angle;

[0052] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending forceps at one angle;

[0053] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the K-wire bending forceps head at another angle;

[0054] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the head of the Kirschner wire bending compound forceps at one angle;

[0055] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the head of the Kirschner wire bending compound forceps at another angle.

[0056] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of the front positioning hole Kirschner wire bending compound forceps head at one angle;

[0057] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram A of the head of the Kirschner wire bending compound forceps at another angle with the front positioning hole;

[0058] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram B of the head of the Kirschner wire bending compound forceps at another angle with the front positioning hole;

[0059] FIG10 is an exploded view of the structure in which the head 112 of the clamp 11 is locked with the positioning hole 12;

[0060] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of another ratchet structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] As shown in Figure 1-2, a Kirschner wire bending pliers includes two handles that open and close relative to each other. The two handles are a first handle 1 and a second handle 2 whose heads are connected in series on a rotating shaft 3 through a ratchet. A clamping groove 11 for clamping the Kirschner wire is provided on the side of the head of the first handle 1. A forming core block 121 is provided on one side of the clamping groove 11. A pressure head 4 is provided at the end of the rotating shaft 3. The opening and closing of the two handles drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, and the pressure head 4 at the end of the rotating shaft 3 bends the Kirschner wire 100 in the clamping groove 11 around the forming core block 121.

[0062] In the Kirschner wire bending pliers, the ratchet is a one-way ratchet. A spreading spring can be provided between the two handles, and after the two handles are tightly gripped, the spreading spring spreads the two handles apart and resets them.

[0063] The described Kirschner wire bending pliers have two handle heads connected in series on the rotating shaft 3 through a ratchet, and the first handle 1 and the second handle 2 that open and close relatively are both annular heads. The annular holes 15 of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft 3, and the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3 are respectively cooperated with a one-way ratchet structure.

[0064] As shown in Figure 1-4, the Kirschner wire bending pliers described above have two grooves 16 respectively connected to the two annular holes 15, and the groove 16 is a structure with a shallow end and a deep end. The outer surface of the rotating shaft 3 corresponding to the groove 16 is provided with a rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and the movable block 34 is placed in the groove 16. The surface of the movable block 34 in contact with the rotating shaft 3 is provided with a movable block locking tooth 38 that cooperates with the rotating shaft locking tooth 33. An elastic member 35 is provided between the movable block 34 and the deep end of the groove 16, so that when the rotating shaft 3 is rotated from the movable block 34 to the elastic member 35, the movable block 34 overcomes the elastic force and moves from the shallow end to the deep end in the circumferential direction, and the movable block 34 can also move radially. The radial movement causes the movable block locking tooth 38 of the movable block 34 to disengage from the rotating shaft locking tooth 33, and the rotating shaft 3 can be rotated. Otherwise, the movable block 34 locks the rotating shaft 3, so that the rotating shaft 3 realizes unidirectional rotation; the opening and closing of the two handles causes the movable block 34 to alternately drive the rotating shaft 3 to rotate unidirectionally, so that the rotating shaft 3 rotates continuously. Two grooves 16 are respectively connected to the two annular holes 15. The groove 16 can also be the blind hole 161 in Figure 11. A movable block 341 is set in the blind hole. There is a spring 351 between the movable block 341 and the bottom of the blind hole 161. The unidirectional rotation of the rotating shaft 3 is achieved through the unidirectional sliding between the ratchet teeth.

[0065] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above have a clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire on the side of one of the handle heads, and a forming core block on one side of the clamping groove. A positioning hole 12 is provided on the side of one of the handle heads, and a positioning block 122 is provided at the bottom of the clamping groove 11 to cooperate with the positioning hole 12. In this way, different clamping grooves 11 can be replaced to accommodate Kirschner wires of different diameters.

[0066] The Kirschner wire bending pliers described above, the clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire, is a Kirschner wire clamping pliers. When the clamping pliers 111 clamp the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted into and matched with the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 causes the pressure head at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block 121.

[0067] As shown in Figure 1-9, a Kirschner wire bending compound pliers includes a Kirschner wire bending pliers, wherein the two handles of the bending pliers open and close relative to each other to drive the rotation shaft of the head to rotate, and a pressure head 4 is provided at the end of the rotation shaft 3; and includes a Kirschner wire clamping pliers, wherein a positioning hole 12 is provided on the side of the head of the bending pliers; when the clamping pliers 111 clamps the Kirschner wire 100, its head 112 is inserted into the positioning hole 12, so that the rotation of the rotation shaft 3 causes the pressure head 4 at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around a forming core block 121 of the clamping pliers head on one side. As shown in Figure 11, a pin hole 502 can be set above the positioning hole 12, and a matching pin hole 503 is set on the head 112 of the clamping pliers 11. When the head 112 of the clamping pliers 11 is inserted into the positioning hole 12, the pin hole 502 and the matching pin hole 503 are coaxial. The pin 501 is inserted into the pin hole 502 and the matching pin hole 503 to lock the head 112 and the positioning hole 12. When the forming core block 121 of the head 112 is conical, the bending force generates a force that causes the head 112 to disengage from the positioning hole 12. In this way, no matter how large the bending force is, the head 112 will not disengage from the positioning hole 12.

[0068] The described Kirschner wire bending compound pliers, the two handles drive the rotating shaft of the head to rotate, and the two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft through a ratchet, that is, the two handles that open and close relatively to each other are both annular heads, and the same rotating shaft 3 passes through the annular holes 15 of the two annular heads, and there are one-way ratchet structures between the two annular holes 15 and the rotating shaft 3.

Claims

1. A Kirschner wire bending pliers, comprising two handles of the bending pliers that open and close relative to each other, characterized in that: The heads of the two handles (1) and (2) are connected in series on the rotating shaft (3) via a ratchet; a clamping groove (11) for clamping a Kirschner wire is arranged on the side of the head of one of the handles (1); one side of the clamping groove is a forming core block (121); a pressure head (4) is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft (3); the opening and closing of the two handles drives the rotating shaft (3) to rotate; and the pressure head (4) at the end of the rotating shaft (3) is used to bend the Kirschner wire (100) in the clamping groove (11) around the forming core block (121).

2. A Kirschner wire bending forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratchet is a one-way ratchet, and a spreading spring is arranged between the two handles, so that when the two handles are tightly gripped, the two handles are spread apart by the spreading spring.

3. A Kirschner wire bending forceps according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft via ratchets, and the two handles that open and close relative to each other are both annular heads, the annular holes (15) of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft (3), and a one-way ratchet structure is provided between the two annular holes (15) and the rotating shaft (3).

4. A Kirschner wire bending forceps according to claim 3, characterized in that: The one-way ratchet structure comprises two grooves (16) respectively connected to the two annular holes (15), the grooves (16) being a structure with one end being shallow and the other end being deep, a rotating shaft locking tooth (33) being arranged on the outer surface of the rotating shaft (3) corresponding to the groove (16), a movable block (34) being arranged in the groove (16), a movable block locking tooth (38) cooperating with the rotating shaft locking tooth (33) being arranged on the surface of the movable block (34) contacting the rotating shaft (3), an elastic member (35) being arranged between the movable block (34) and the deep end of the groove (16), so that the rotating shaft (3) is moved from the movable block (34) to the elastic member (35). When rotating, the movable block (34) overcomes the elastic force and moves from the shallow end to the deep end along the circumferential direction, and the movable block (34) can also move radially, so that the movable block locking teeth (38) of the movable block (34) are disengaged from the rotating shaft locking teeth (33), and the rotating shaft (3) can rotate. Otherwise, the movable block (34) locks the rotating shaft (3), so that the rotating shaft (3) can achieve unidirectional rotation; the opening and closing of the two handles causes the movable block (34) to alternately drive the rotating shaft (3) to rotate, so that the rotating shaft (3) rotates.

5. The Kirschner wire bending forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clamping groove for clamping a Kirschner wire is arranged on the side of one of the handle heads, and one side of the clamping groove is a forming core block, that is, a positioning hole (12) is arranged on the side of one of the handle heads, and a positioning block (122) matching the positioning hole (12) is disposed at the bottom of the clamping groove (11).

6. The Kirschner wire bending forceps according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping groove for clamping the Kirschner wire is a Kirschner wire clamping forceps. When the clamping forceps (111) clamp the Kirschner wire (100), the head (112) thereof is inserted and matched with the positioning hole (12), so that the rotation of the rotating shaft (3) causes the pressure head at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block (121).

7. A Kirschner wire bending composite pliers, comprising a Kirschner wire bending pliers, wherein two handles of the bending pliers are relatively opened and closed to drive the rotating shaft of the head to rotate, and a pressure head is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft; comprising a Kirschner wire clamping pliers, characterized in that: A positioning hole (12) is provided on the side of the head of the bending pliers; when the clamping pliers (111) clamps the Kirschner wire (100), the head (112) thereof is inserted into and matched with the positioning hole (12), so that the rotation of the rotating shaft (3) causes the pressure head (4) at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block (121).

8. The Kirschner wire bending composite pliers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two handles drive the rotating shaft of the heads to rotate, and the two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft via a ratchet, that is, the two handles that open and close relatively are both annular heads, the annular holes (15) of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft (3), and there are unidirectional ratchet structures between the two annular holes (15) and the rotating shaft (3).

9. A Kirschner wire bending composite pliers, comprising a Kirschner wire bending pliers, wherein two handles of the bending pliers are relatively opened and closed to drive the rotating shaft of the head to rotate, and a pressure head is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft; characterized in that: A positioning hole (12) is provided on the side of the head of the bending forceps; the positioning hole (12) is used to accommodate the head (112) of the medical clamping forceps (111) when clamping the Kirschner wire (100) so that the head (112) is inserted into and fits with the positioning hole (12), so that the rotation of the rotating shaft (3) causes the pressure head (4) at its end to bend the Kirschner wire around the forming core block (121).

10. The Kirschner wire bending composite pliers according to claim 9, characterized in that: The two handles drive the rotating shaft of the heads to rotate, and the two handle heads are connected in series on the rotating shaft via a ratchet, that is, the two handles that open and close relatively are both annular heads, the annular holes (15) of the two annular heads pass through the same rotating shaft (3), and there are unidirectional ratchet structures between the two annular holes (15) and the rotating shaft (3).

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