Method for determining and displaying auxiliary information for manoeuvring a vehicle, method for carrying out manoeuvring of a vehicle in the direction of a target object, and electronic manoeuvring system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for carrying out a driving manoeuvre with a vehicle (1), comprising the following steps: - reversing the vehicle (1) in the direction of a predetermined target object (9); - capturing a surrounding area (7) behind the vehicle (1) using at least one optical capture unit (6); - displaying the information captured by the capture unit (6) on a display unit (8); - determining a positioning zone (12) in accordance with at least one parameter of the vehicle (1), the positioning zone (12) characterizing an area in which the vehicle (1) may be moved as it approaches the target object (9); - depicting the positioning zone (12) on the display unit (8) as a superimposition of the captured and displayed information.

Description

[0001] Method for determining and displaying auxiliary information for a maneuvering maneuver of a vehicle, method for performing a maneuvering maneuver with a vehicle toward a target object, and electronic maneuvering system

[0002] One aspect of the invention relates to a method for determining and displaying auxiliary information for a maneuvering maneuver of a vehicle. Another aspect relates to a method for performing a driving maneuver with a vehicle. Another aspect of the invention relates to an electronic maneuvering system.

[0003] It is known that a vehicle, for example, is reversing and is purposefully brought closer to a trailer in order to be able to couple it. For this purpose, it is known from US 2016 075 281 A1, for example, that an area behind the vehicle is captured by a camera and displayed on a display unit. A route or trajectory along which the vehicle should approach the trailer is shown on the display unit.

[0004] Furthermore, WO 2022 246477 A1 discloses that, when a vehicle approaches a trailer, a camera image shows an area around the trailer's coupling unit. This is intended to make it easier to identify the location of the trailer's coupling unit. This is intended to improve the coupling process between the vehicle's coupling unit and the trailer's coupling unit.

[0005] However, in these known systems, the focus is primarily on the target object, as a final short section of the path before engaging the clutch. The vehicle's movement sequence required to approach the target object in a targeted manner is not sufficiently analyzed.

[0006] It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an electronic maneuvering system in which the driving maneuver of a vehicle to the target object is improved, in particular safer.

[0007] This object is achieved by a method and an electronic maneuvering system according to the independent claims. One aspect of the invention relates to a method for determining and displaying auxiliary information for a maneuvering maneuver of a vehicle, preferably comprising the following steps:

[0008] In particular, detecting an area surrounding the vehicle with at least one detection unit, wherein the area surrounding the vehicle is located at least partially in a currently performed and / or planned direction of travel of the vehicle during the shunting maneuver;

[0009] In particular, displaying the information captured by the capture unit on a display unit;

[0010] In particular, determining a positioning zone depending on at least one vehicle parameter of the vehicle, wherein the positioning zone characterizes an area in which the vehicle is to move during the maneuvering maneuver when approaching a target object and / or in which the target object is to be located at least in part for interaction with the vehicle;

[0011] - In particular, displaying the positioning zone as auxiliary information on the display unit as an overlay to the recorded and displayed information.

[0012] This makes it possible to carry out an improved maneuvering maneuver as needed, and in particular to plan it initially. This is because the positioning zone provides visual information about which preferred area is available and possible for finding suitable positions for the vehicle and / or the target object. In particular, this is to then at least semi-autonomously support the actual further maneuvering maneuver, which is preferably carried out with an electronic proximity assistance system, such as a trailer coupling assistance system. In particular, this also specifies a zone in which the points on the vehicle and the target object that are to be contacted according to purpose should be located in order to be able to carry out the further maneuvering maneuver at least semi-autonomously, i.e. to activate a maneuvering function of the system.This also creates a safer situation in which this activation can occur, allowing the subsequent maneuvering maneuver to be carried out safely and accurately with the activated maneuvering function. Thus, it can be provided that the movement of the vehicle is carried out manually by a driver until the positioning zone is determined, in particular until the points of the target object to be contacted, in particular also the point of the vehicle to be contacted, are within the positioning zone.

[0013] In particular, the positioning zone characterizes an area in which the vehicle is to move during the maneuvering maneuver when approaching a target object and in which a reference point of the target object is to be located for interaction with the vehicle in order to then activate a function or the maneuvering function for at least semi-autonomous approaching or driving closer between the vehicle and the target object.

[0014] In particular, the positioning zone is designed in such a way that a trajectory, in particular an approach trajectory, can be formed within it, along which at least the vehicle approaches the target object.

[0015] The positioning zone specifies, in particular, an area within which a coupling point of the target object is to be brought in order to be able to carry out the approach drive or coupling drive of the vehicle at least semi-autonomously, in particular to be able to activate the shunting function and / or to plan a trajectory.

[0016] The display can be triggered when the vehicle is stationary and / or when the vehicle is moving, in particular when reversing or moving forward. This means that these displays can also be triggered when approaching while at least partially reversing or when approaching while at least partially moving forward.

[0017] In one embodiment, the positioning zone is displayed as a color-coded area. This makes the size, shape, and position relative to the surrounding area displayed on the display unit particularly easy to understand. Estimating the size and the associated options for routes, driving styles, or the like can therefore be particularly easily recognized by a vehicle driver.

[0018] In one embodiment, the surface area is shown partially transparently so that the recorded information displayed underneath can be recognized through the surface area, in particular the fully colored one. This further increases comprehensibility. Uncertainty with regard to surrounding areas that may be completely covered by the positioning zone and that were recorded by a recording unit of the vehicle can thus be avoided. The comprehensibility of the positioning zone on the one hand and the environmental configurations present in the area of ​​the positioning zone and / or adjacent to the positioning zone can thus be understood and comprehended as a whole. This also further improves the understanding of the positioning zone as such as well as its position in the recorded surrounding area.

[0019] In one embodiment, a kinematic parameter of the vehicle is considered as a vehicle parameter. A kinematic parameter can be, for example, the location of the vehicle in the surrounding area and / or the speed of the vehicle and / or the acceleration of the vehicle. It can also be a steering angle of at least one wheel of the vehicle. In particular, this can be a maximum steering angle or a value of at least 90% of the maximum steering angle.

[0020] Especially depending on kinematic parameters, a very precise positioning zone can be designed to estimate where a vehicle can and / or is allowed to move when reversing toward the target object. In addition, other vehicle parameters such as a steering angle and the vehicle's orientation, particularly relative to the target object, can also be taken into account.

[0021] In one embodiment, a sensor parameter of at least one sensor of the vehicle is considered as a vehicle parameter. A sensor can be an environment detection sensor. A sensor can also be a sensor that detects internal vehicle processes. A sensor parameter can be the type of sensor and / or the detecting direction of the sensor and / or the current operating mode of the sensor. This list of sensors and sensor parameters is not intended to be exhaustive and merely represents a few examples.

[0022] In one embodiment, the acquired information is evaluated to determine whether a potential collision object is located in the vicinity of the vehicle. If such a collision object is detected, the positioning zone is generated depending on the type of collision object and / or the location of the collision object. This is a very advantageous embodiment, as the positioning zone is thus designed or adapted precisely to avoid potential collisions of the vehicle during maneuvering with objects in the vicinity of the vehicle that, in particular, do not correspond to the target object.

[0023] In one embodiment, the positioning zone is generated depending on the type of collision object and / or depending on the position of the collision object relative to the vehicle and / or depending on the position of the collision object relative to the target object. In particular, the size and / or shape and / or position of the positioning zone are generated depending on the collision object. This also allows for a continuous, dynamic adjustment and change of the positioning zone depending on at least one collision object. Therefore, the positioning zone is always adjusted when the vehicle reverses toward the target object in such a way that collisions with such objects can be avoided.

[0024] It is particularly advantageous if the positioning zone is generated in such a way that a collision object lies outside the positioning zone. This always prevents a positioning zone signaled to the vehicle in which a collision object is present, which would then cause a potential collision. This embodiment in particular allows a driver to be confident that the vehicle's movement within the positioning zone is particularly safe, while still allowing various types of movement and thus different paths and maneuvers to reach the target object.

[0025] In one embodiment, the method comprises the following further steps: at least detecting an environmental area in the direction of travel in front of the vehicle with at least one detection unit;

[0026] Displaying the information collected by the recording unit on the display unit;

[0027] Displaying the positioning zone on the display unit as an overlay to the recorded and displayed information.

[0028] A further aspect of the invention relates to carrying out a shunting maneuver with a vehicle, in particular to generate an interaction, in particular in which the vehicle and the target object contact each other as intended, with a target object, in particular comprising the following steps:

[0029] Determining a positioning zone and displaying the positioning zone on a display unit, wherein the determining and displaying are carried out according to a method according to the above-mentioned aspect or an advantageous embodiment thereof;

[0030] Positioning the vehicle and / or the target object in a preferred position for the shunting maneuver depending on the positioning zone;

[0031] Performing the maneuver depending on the setting of the preferred position. In particular, the determined positioning zone is moved along with the movement of the vehicle. In one embodiment, it remains unchanged, particularly in shape and / or size, if influencing criteria, in particular vehicle parameters, for determining the positioning zone do not change.

[0032] In one embodiment, a maneuvering function of an electronic approach assistance system, in particular of the vehicle, is activated depending on the reaching of the preferred position, wherein the maneuvering function enables an approach between the vehicle and the target object designed as a driving unit to be carried out at least semi-autonomously.

[0033] In one embodiment, depending on the reaching of the preferred position, a trajectory is determined along which the vehicle approaches the target object during the approach drive.

[0034] In one embodiment, during the maneuvering maneuver, an approach between the vehicle and the target object is carried out, in particular a reversing of the vehicle in the direction of the predetermined target object is carried out, in particular an approach is carried out that is at least supported by an electronic approach assistance system.

[0035] In one embodiment, the following steps are carried out:

[0036] Reversing the vehicle in the direction of the specified target object, in particular to bring about a desired contact interaction between the vehicle and the target object;

[0037] Detecting an environmental area behind the vehicle with at least one optical detection unit;

[0038] Displaying the information collected by the recording unit on a display unit;

[0039] Displaying the positioning zone on the display unit as an overlay to the recorded and displayed information.

[0040] In one embodiment, the vehicle approaches in the direction of a predetermined reference point of the predetermined target object. This ensures that the vehicle not only approaches the target object in a general way, but also approaches a specific reference point. In particular, the reference point is the area or component of the target object that is intended for the operative connection with the vehicle, in particular for the direct mechanical contact with the vehicle.

[0041] In particular, the reference point is detected by the detection unit, and based on the detection of the reference point, a trajectory, in particular an approach trajectory, in particular a dome trajectory, is determined along which the vehicle approaches the target object during the approach drive. In this context, it is also possible for this trajectory to be displayed on the display unit. It can also be displayed as an overlay on the image and / or video recorded by the detection unit.

[0042] In one embodiment, the approach is carried out as intended by bringing the vehicle into contact with a counter-reference point. The reference point and the counter-reference point are preferably coupling units of the vehicle on the one hand and the target object on the other. The aim of the driving maneuver is therefore, in particular, that at the end of the vehicle's reversing, a mechanical coupling is formed between the coupling units, thus attaching the target object to the vehicle.

[0043] In particular, a mechanical coupling is created between the reference point and the counter-reference point as a contacting action. In particular, a pendant is provided as the target object.

[0044] In particular, the approach of the vehicle is carried out in the direction of a predetermined reference point of the predetermined target object.

[0045] In particular, the positioning zone is dynamically changed depending on a change in at least one vehicle parameter. This ensures that a situation-dependent, up-to-date positioning zone is always available. This is another highly advantageous embodiment, as it allows for immediate response to changing conditions, and the positioning zone is then reliably and precisely adapted to the new conditions.

[0046] In particular, the approach of the vehicle toward a given target object is not carried out randomly, but rather specifically to initiate an interaction between the vehicle and the target object. The intended outcome of the approach drive is therefore the creation of an interaction, in particular a contact interaction, between the vehicle and the target object.

[0047] The method therefore particularly advantageously enables not only a targeted approach of the vehicle to the target object to be supported, but also the movement of the vehicle itself to be the focus. This is because by determining a positioning zone, an area is also to be defined that the vehicle may travel through when performing the driving maneuver, in particular when approaching, or in particular reversing, the vehicle towards the target object. This positioning zone therefore also specifies an area within which the vehicle can move safely. This enables, on the one hand, an improved analysis of the movement of the vehicle itself, and, on the other hand, a collision with objects other than the target object to be better avoided.Furthermore, such a positioning zone also defines an area that is not just manifested by a single trajectory along which the vehicle can reach the target object. Rather, the positioning zone now also enables several different driving maneuvers and thus different trajectories of the vehicle to reach the target object. This determination of the positioning zone is particularly advantageous in that it is carried out dependent on at least one vehicle parameter. This does not just predetermine such a positioning zone across the board, which could potentially be correspondingly inaccurate or subject to an undesirable tolerance. This positioning zone is therefore designed and determined very individually for the vehicle and / or its surroundings, since at least one such vehicle parameter is taken into account.By also displaying this positioning zone on the display unit, particularly advantageously overlaying the recorded and displayed information, the overall situation is quickly and intuitively understood, particularly for the driver. In one embodiment, the area behind the vehicle that is difficult to see is particularly easy to recognize, and the overlay of the symbolically displayed positioning zone also provides a particularly intuitive understanding of where the vehicle is permitted to move. This enables a particularly safe driving maneuver toward the target object.

[0048] In particular, the positioning zone is defined as a contiguous zone between the rear of the vehicle and the side of the target object facing the vehicle. It therefore extends from the rear of the vehicle to this side of the target object. This encompasses the entire space between the two objects, vehicle and target object, whereby in particular the lateral extent or size and / or shape of the positioning zone can change dynamically. In particular, a positioning zone is defined that already represents the possible range of movement at the beginning of the vehicle's maneuvering maneuver. This means that such a positioning zone is present not only on a final, small section of the maneuvering maneuver, but in particular throughout the entire maneuvering process.

[0049] A further aspect of the invention relates to an electronic maneuvering system for a vehicle. The electronic maneuvering system has at least one detection unit. This can be a camera, for example. This is particularly sensitive in the spectral range visible to humans. The electronic maneuvering system can furthermore have a control unit. The electronic maneuvering system is designed to carry out a method according to the above-mentioned aspect or an advantageous embodiment thereof. In particular, the method is carried out with the maneuvering system.

[0050] A further aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle. This preferably has an electronic maneuvering system according to the above-mentioned aspect or an advantageous embodiment thereof. The vehicle can be a towing vehicle. In particular, a combination is provided that has a towing vehicle and a trailer as the target object.

[0051] A vehicle can be a passenger car. A vehicle can also be a truck or a bus. A vehicle can also be an agricultural vehicle. A vehicle can also be a special-purpose vehicle, such as a recovery vehicle, a rescue vehicle, or a military vehicle.

[0052] A target object can be a trailer. It can also be another vehicle intended and approved for self-propelled operation. This means that the procedure and system can also be used for the recovery or towing of other vehicles.

[0053] Embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to schematic drawings. In the drawings: Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a situation in which a vehicle approaches a target object; and

[0054] Fig. 2 is a representation according to Fig. 1, in which, in contrast to Fig. 1, a positioning zone for the vehicle shown on a display unit has changed.

[0055] In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

[0056] Fig. 1 shows a vehicle 1. The vehicle 1 has a front end 2 and a rear end 3. The vehicle 1 also has an electronic maneuvering system 4. This may have a control unit 5. The control unit 5 may have at least one evaluation unit. The evaluation unit may be a single unit or may have multiple units. The maneuvering system 4 may also be referred to here as a coupling assistance system.

[0057] In addition, the shunting system 4 can also have at least one electronic memory.

[0058] The vehicle 1 preferably has at least one environment detection sensor, here at least a detection unit 6. This detection unit 6 can be a camera, for example. The detection unit 6 is arranged on the vehicle 1 in such a way that it can detect an area 7 of the vehicle 1 behind the rear end 3. The vehicle 1 also has several other sensors, including internal sensors, which are not intended for environment detection.

[0059] Furthermore, the vehicle 1 has an output unit, in particular a display unit 8. This can be, for example, a display.

[0060] Fig. 1 also shows a target object 9. The target object 9 is separate from the vehicle 1. The target object here is a driving unit. It can therefore be moved by moving. In particular, it can also be self-propelled.

[0061] In the exemplary embodiment, the target object 9 does not move from the position shown when performing the maneuvering maneuver with the vehicle 1 when the vehicle 1 approaches the target object 9. In the exemplary embodiment, the target object 9 is a trailer. This target object 9 has a reference point 10. The reference point 10 here is a coupling unit of the target object 9. In particular, the vehicle 1 also has a counter-reference point 11. This is a coupling unit of the vehicle 1. In the exemplary embodiment, the counter-reference point 11 is arranged at a rear of the vehicle 1. In another example, it can also be arranged at a front of the vehicle 1. During the maneuvering maneuver, the vehicle 1 approaches a side of the target object 9 facing the vehicle 1. In this case, this is the front side with the reference point 10.

[0062] If a shunting process or a shunting maneuver of the vehicle 1 is now carried out in the direction of the target object 9 starting from the situation shown, the vehicle 1 drives backwards, at least in part, here completely, towards the specified target object 9 as an approach. This occurs manually or semi-autonomously. In particular, a driver is therefore present in the vehicle 1 who carries out this driving maneuver at least partially manually. In particular, starting from the state reached in Fig. 1, in which both the reference point 10 and the counter-reference point 11 are arranged within a positioning zone 12, a shunting function of the shunting system 4 is activated. This at least supports the shunting maneuver starting from the situation shown until the coupling of the reference points 11 and 12.

[0063] In one embodiment, at least at the beginning of the maneuvering maneuver, i.e., when the vehicle 1 has not yet begun the reversing movement provided here, a detection of the surrounding area 7 behind the vehicle 1 is carried out. In addition or instead of this, this detection of the surrounding area is also carried out, in particular continuously, when the vehicle 1 has started moving and is approaching the target object 9 while reversing.

[0064] Fig. 1 also shows, as an example, a detection area 6a of the detection unit 6. The information detected by the detection unit 6 is displayed, in particular, on the display unit 8. This can be a real image. An image display is possible here. However, a video is preferably displayed.

[0065] In particular, before reaching the situation shown in Fig. 1, the positioning zone 12 is determined. For this purpose, a method for determining and displaying auxiliary information for a maneuvering maneuver of a vehicle 1 is preferably carried out, comprising the following steps: detecting the surrounding area 7 of the vehicle 1 with at least the detection unit 6, wherein the surrounding area 7 is located at least partially in a currently performed and / or planned direction of travel of the vehicle 1 during the maneuvering maneuver;

[0066] Displaying the information acquired by the acquisition unit 6 on the display unit 8;

[0067] Determining the positioning zone 12 depending on at least one vehicle parameter of the vehicle 1, wherein the positioning zone 12 characterizes an area in which the vehicle 1 is to move during a maneuver when approaching a target object 9 and / or in which the target object 9 is to be located at least partially for interaction with the vehicle 1; displaying the positioning zone 12 as auxiliary information on the display unit 8 as an overlay to the acquired and displayed information.

[0068] This method can therefore be carried out regardless of whether the situation regarding the positions of the reference points 10 and 11 already exists or not. This also means that for the determination of the positioning zone 12, the position of the reference point 10 of the target object 12 present at the time of determination is in particular not required and in particular is not taken into account. Therefore, it is also possible for the determined positioning zone 12 to have a size and / or shape in which the reference point 10 is not contained. In particular, the positioning zone 12 is intended to characterize an area in which the vehicle 1 is to move during a shunting maneuver using the shunting function of the shunting system 4 when approaching a target object 9 and in which the reference point 10 is to be located in order to utilize the shunting function, i.e. in particular the reference point 10 of the target object 9 is to be located for interaction with the vehicle 1.So, depending on this, the function or shunting function is then activated for at least semi-autonomous approach between the vehicle 1 and the target object 9.

[0069] Starting from the determined and displayed positioning zone 12, it is provided, if this is not already the case, that at least the reference point 10, in particular the reference point 10 and the reference point 11, are brought into the positioning zone 12. In this case, for example, the target object 9 and / or the vehicle 1 can be moved. The target object 9 can, for example, be pulled manually by a person, at least with the reference point 10, into the positioning zone 12. If it has an auxiliary motor, this can be used. This is possible, for example, with a specific trailer, such as a caravan or the like. Once the intermediate situation shown in Fig. 1 is reached, a trajectory 14, in particular an approach trajectory, can be determined in one exemplary embodiment.

[0070] In particular, a positioning zone 12 is determined depending on at least one vehicle parameter of the vehicle 1. The positioning zone 12 also characterizes, in particular, an area in which the vehicle 1 should, and in particular may, move during the reversing and targeted approach to the target object 9, as provided here by way of example. This reversing and the driving maneuver of the vehicle 1 are intended to bring about a desired contacting interaction between the vehicle 1 and the target object 9. It should therefore be intended that the end of this driving maneuver or at least system-assisted shunting maneuver, in particular, also results in direct mechanical contact between the vehicle 1 and the target object 9.In particular, it should be provided here that a coupling occurs between the vehicle 1 and the target object 9, in particular the reference point 10 and the counter reference point 11 are coupled to each other.

[0071] The positioning zone 12 is changed, in particular dynamically, at least depending on ambient conditions and / or vehicle conditions. It is changed, in particular, depending on a vehicle parameter and / or a change in the at least one vehicle parameter.

[0072] As symbolically depicted in Fig. 1, this positioning zone 12 is generated as a colored surface area and displayed on the display unit 8 as an overlay, in particular as a transparent overlay, of the information acquired by the acquisition unit 7. This allows the acquired information displayed underneath to be recognized through the colored surface area, in particular the entire area. It extends continuously between the rear 3 and the target object 9, i.e., from the rear 3 to the target object 9. This is particularly true during the entire maneuvering process.

[0073] Preferably, at least one kinematic parameter of the vehicle 1 and / or a sensor parameter of a vehicle sensor is taken into account as a vehicle parameter. It is particularly advantageous if, when determining and / or changing the positioning zone 12, a collision object 13, as shown symbolically and as an example in the illustration in Fig. 2 and which is present in the environment 7, is detected, if it is present. If such a collision object 13 is detected, the positioning zone 12 is changed, as is done in Fig. 2, in particular based on the illustration in Fig. 1. The positioning zone 12 is therefore preferably generated such that the collision object 13 lies outside the positioning zone 12. In particular, the size and / or shape and / or position of the positioning zone 12 are generated depending on the collision object 13.This can also occur depending on the type of collision object 13 and / or depending on the position of the collision object 13 relative to the vehicle 1 and / or depending on the position of the collision object 13 relative to the target object 9. For example, a static or dynamic collision object can be recognized as the type of collision object. It is also possible to characterize the shape of the collision object and thus its height, width, and depth as the type of collision object. It is also possible to distinguish between a living being and another object as the type of collision object 13. In particular, it is then also possible for the distance of a boundary edge 12a of the boundary zone 12 to be determined depending on the collision object 13.If, for example, a living being is located in the surrounding area 7 as the collision object 13, a greater distance of the edge 12a to the collision object 13 can be determined than if, in comparison, it is, for example, a plant or a garbage can or the like.

[0074] In one embodiment, the trajectory 14 along which the vehicle 1 approaches the target object 9 while reversing can also be determined, as already explained above. This trajectory 14 can also be displayed symbolically, in particular as an overlay on the acquired information on the display unit 8.

Claims

Patent claims 1 . Method for determining and displaying auxiliary information for a maneuvering maneuver of a vehicle (1), comprising the following steps: detecting an environmental area (7) of the vehicle (1) with at least one detection unit (6), wherein the environmental area () is located at least partially in a currently performed and / or planned direction of travel of the vehicle (1) during the maneuvering maneuver; Displaying the information acquired by the acquisition unit (6) on a display unit (8); Determining a positioning zone (12) depending on at least one vehicle parameter of the vehicle (1), wherein the positioning zone (12) characterizes an area in which the vehicle (1) is to move during the maneuvering maneuver when approaching a target object (9) and / or in which the target object (9) is to be located at least in part for interaction with the vehicle (1); Displaying the positioning zone (12) as auxiliary information on the display unit (8) as an overlay to the recorded and displayed information.

2. Method according to claim 1, wherein the positioning zone (12) characterizes an area in which the vehicle (1) is to move during the maneuvering maneuver when approaching a target object (9) and in which a reference point (10) of the target object (9) is to be located for interaction with the vehicle (1) in order to then activate a function for at least semi-autonomous approach between the vehicle (1) and the target object (9) as a function thereof.

3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the positioning zone (12) is displayed as a colored surface area.

4. Method according to claim 3, wherein the surface area is displayed, in particular only partially transparent, so that the recorded information displayed underneath can be recognized through the, in particular fully colored, surface area.

5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a kinematic parameter of the vehicle (1) is taken into account as the vehicle parameter.

6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a sensor parameter of at least one sensor of the vehicle (1) is taken into account as the vehicle parameter.

7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the acquired information is evaluated to determine whether a potential collision object (13) is located in the surroundings (7) of the vehicle (1), and if such a collision object (13) is detected, the positioning zone (12) is generated, in particular changed, depending on the collision object (13).

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the positioning zone (12) is generated, in particular changed, depending on the type of collision object (13) and / or depending on the position of the collision object (13) relative to the vehicle (1) and / or depending on the position of the collision object (13) relative to the target object (9).

9. Method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the size and / or shape and / or position of the positioning zone (12) is generated, in particular changed, depending on the collision object (13).

10. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the positioning zone (12) is generated such that a collision object (13) lies outside the positioning zone (12).

11. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: at least detecting an environmental area (7) in the direction of travel in front of the vehicle (1) with at least one detection unit (6); Displaying the information acquired by the acquisition unit (6) on the display unit (8); Displaying the positioning zone (12) on the display unit (8) as an overlay to the recorded and displayed information.

12. A method for performing a shunting maneuver with a vehicle (1) to generate an interaction with a target object (9), comprising the following steps: Determining a positioning zone (12) and displaying the positioning zone (12) on a display unit (8), wherein the determining and displaying are carried out according to a method of the preceding claims 1 to 10; Positioning the vehicle (1) and / or the target object (9) in a preferred position for the shunting maneuver depending on the positioning zone (12); performing the shunting maneuver depending on the setting of the preferred position.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, depending on the reaching of the preferred position, a function, in particular a maneuvering function, of an electronic approach assistance system, in particular a maneuvering system (4), in particular of the vehicle (1), is activated, wherein with the maneuvering function an approach between the vehicle (1) and the target object (9) designed as a driving unit can be carried out at least semi-autonomously.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein, depending on the reaching of the preferred position, a trajectory (14) is determined along which the vehicle (1) approaches the target object (9) during the approach drive.

15. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein during the shunting maneuver an approach between the vehicle (1) and the target object (9) is carried out, in particular a reversing of the vehicle (1) in the direction of the predetermined target object (9) is carried out, in particular an approach at least assisted by an electronic approach assistance system () is carried out.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the approach of the vehicle (1) is carried out in the direction of a predetermined reference point (10) of the predetermined target object (9).

17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the reference point (10) is detected with the detection unit (6) and, depending on a detection of the reference point (10), a trajectory (14) is determined along which the vehicle (1) approaches the target object (9) when reversing.

18. The method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein an approach during the shunting maneuver is carried out as intended in such a way that the vehicle (1) is brought into contact with the reference point (10) by means of a counter reference point (11).

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein a mechanical coupling between the reference point (10) and the counter-reference point (11) is produced as a contacting.

20. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a trailer is provided as the target object (9).

21. Method according to one of the preceding claims 12 to 21, wherein the positioning zone (12) is dynamically changed depending on a change in the at least one vehicle parameter.

22. Electronic shunting system (4) for a vehicle (1), with at least one detection unit (6) and with at least one control unit (5), wherein the electronic shunting system (4) is designed to carry out a method according to one of the preceding claims.

Images