Energy management using an energy management function

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a network node may obtain an energy session request. The network node may provide, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response. Numerous other aspects are described.

Description

ENERGY MANAGEMENT USING AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This Patent Application claims priority to Greek Patent Application No. 20230100718, filed on September 7, 2023, entitled “ENERGY MANAGEMENT USING AN ENERGY MANAGEMENT FUNCTION,” and assigned to the assignee hereof. The disclosure of the prior Application is considered part of and is incorporated by reference into this Patent Application.INTRODUCTION

[0002] Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication and to techniques and apparatuses for energy management.

[0003] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employ multiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., bandwidth, transmit power, or the like). Examples of such multiple-access technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single -carrier frequency division multiple access (SC- FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE). LTE / LTE- Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0004] A wireless network may include one or more network nodes that support communication for wireless communication devices, such as a user equipment (UE) or multiple UEs. A UE may communicate with a network node via downlink communications and uplink communications. “Downlink” (or “DL”) refers to a communication link from the network node to the UE, and “uplink” (or “UL”) refers to a communication link from the UE to the network node. Some wireless networks may support device-to-device communication, such as via a local link (e.g., a sidelink (SL), a wireless local area network (WLAN) link, and / or a wireless personal area network (WPAN) link, among other examples).

[0005] The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different UEs to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, and / or global level. New Radio (NR), which may be referred to as 5G, is a set of enhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the 3GPP. NR is designed to better support mobile broadband internet access by improvingspectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use of new spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix (CP) (CP-OFDM) on the downlink, using CP-OFDM and / or single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) (also known as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the uplink, as well as supporting beamforming, multiple-input multiple -output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrier aggregation. As the demand for mobile broadband access continues to increase, further improvements in LTE, NR, and other radio access technologies remain useful.SUMMARY

[0006] Some aspects described herein relate to a first network node for wireless communication. The first network node may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the first network node to obtain an energy session request. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the first network node to provide, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0007] Some aspects described herein relate to a first network node for wireless communication. The first network node may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the first network node to provide, to a second network node, an energy session request. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the first network node to obtain, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0008] Some aspects described herein relate to a first network node for wireless communication. The first network node may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the first network node to provide, to a second network node, an energy session configuration. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the first network node to perform an energy session based on the energy session configuration.

[0009] Some aspects described herein relate to a first network node for wireless communication. The first network node may include one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the first network node to obtain an energy session configuration. The one or more processors may be configured to cause the first network node to perform an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration.

[0010] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed at a first network node. The method may include obtaining an energy session request. The method may include providing, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0011] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed at a first network node. The method may include providing, to a second network node, an energy session request. The method may include obtaining, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0012] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed at a first network node. The method may include providing, to a second network node, an energy session configuration. The method may include performing an energy session based on the energy session configuration.

[0013] Some aspects described herein relate to a method of wireless communication performed at a first network node. The method may include obtaining an energy session configuration. The method may include performing an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration.

[0014] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a first network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first network node, may cause the first network node to obtain an energy session request. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first network node, may cause the first network node to provide, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0015] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a first network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first network node, may cause the first network node to provide, to a second network node, an energy session request. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first network node, may cause the first network node to obtain, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0016] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a first network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first network node, may cause the first network node to provide, to a second network node, an energy session configuration. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first network node, maycause the first network node to perform an energy session based on the energy session configuration.

[0017] Some aspects described herein relate to a non-transitory computer-readable medium that stores a set of instructions for wireless communication by a first network node. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first network node, may cause the first network node to obtain an energy session configuration. The set of instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the first network node, may cause the first network node to perform an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration.

[0018] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication.The apparatus may include means for obtaining an energy session request. The apparatus may include means for providing, to a network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0019] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for providing, to a network node, an energy session request. The apparatus may include means for obtaining, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0020] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication. The apparatus may include means for providing, to a network node, an energy session configuration. The apparatus may include means for performing an energy session based on the energy session configuration.

[0021] Some aspects described herein relate to an apparatus for wireless communication.The apparatus may include means for obtaining an energy session configuration. The apparatus may include means for performing an energy session in association with a network node and based on the energy session configuration.

[0022] Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, network entity, network node, wireless communication device, and / or processing system as substantially described with reference to and as illustrated by the drawings and specification.

[0023] The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together withassociated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purpose of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] So that the above-recited features of the present disclosure can be understood in detail, a more particular description, briefly summarized above, may be had by reference to aspects, some of which are illustrated in the appended drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the appended drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equally effective aspects. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.

[0025] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0026] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a network node in communication with a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0027] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0028] Fig. 4A is a diagram illustrating an example of a radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting system, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0029] Fig. 4B is a diagram illustrating an example associated with backscatter communications, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0030] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example associated with energy management, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0031] Fig. 6A is a diagram of an example associated with energy management, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0032] Fig. 6B is a diagram of an example associated with energy management, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0033] Fig. 6C is a diagram of an example associated with energy management, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0034] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0035] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0036] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0037] Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0038] Fig. 11 is a diagram of an example apparatus for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0039] Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an apparatus employing a processing system, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0040] Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of an implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus, in accordance with the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Some network nodes (which may be, include, or be included in, one or more devices) may be configured to harvest radio frequency (RF) energy. Harvesting energy refers to a process, referred to as energy harvesting, for obtaining energy from a source other than an on- device energy storage device (e.g., a battery or a capacitor, among other examples). Energy harvesting may be used to supplement energy obtained from an on-device energy storage device and / or may provide charging to the on-device energy storage device. Devices that use energy harvesting may include a low-capacity energy storage device (e.g., smart watch) or no energy storage device (e.g., zero power devices, loT devices, wearables, or financial devices). Energy harvesting may include converting RF energy transferred from another device into electrical energy. Harvesting RF energy may be used for charging a battery associated with the network node and / or to power one or more components to perform some task or tasks at the network node (e.g., a UE, a wearable device, a smart watch, a low power device), such as data decoding, filter operation, data reception, data encoding, and / or data transmission. In some cases, harvesting RF energy may be used to charge a battery of the network node in full and / or to charge the battery of the network node (or to use a dedicated battery for energy harvesting) such that some tasks may be performed using the harvested energy. These tasks may be performed based at least in part on an accumulation of harvested energy over a period of time. The harvested energy may be derived from RF signals transmitted in a network. The device may interact with the network using the harvested energy.

[0042] RF energy harvesting may be useful in Intemet-of-Things (loT) cases. For example, RF energy harvesting may lead to a longer battery lifespan of an loT device with a battery since the battery can be recharged during operation. As another example, RF energy harvesting may lead to a battery-less loT device, such as a medical sensor or an implanted sensor.

[0043] An amount of energy that may be harvested from RF signals may be based at least in part a signal frequency, a signal source, a distance traveled by the RF signals, a Tx power associated with the RF signals, and / or an Rx power associated with the RF signals. The signal frequency may be associated with a very high frequency (VHF) or an ultra-high frequency(UHF). The signal source may be a network node such as a base station and / or a UE, among other examples.

[0044] Some wireless communication devices may be considered loT devices, such as ambient loT devices (sometimes referred to as ultra-light loT devices), or similar loT devices. loT technology may include passive loT, semi-passive loT, ultra-light loT, or ambient loT, among other examples. In passive loT, a terminal (e.g., a radio frequency identification (RFID) device, a tag, or a similar device) may not include a battery, and the terminal may accumulate energy from radio signaling. Additionally, the terminal may accumulate solar energy to supplement accumulated energy from radio signaling. In passive loT, a communication distance may be up to 30 meters (or more) to facilitate feasible network coverage over a large area (e.g., 5000 square meters), such as in a warehouse. Moreover, the power consumption of a passive loT terminal may be less than 0.1 milliwatts (mW) to support operation without a battery, and the terminal may be relatively inexpensive to facilitate cost-sensitive uses. A positioning accuracy of a passive loT terminal may be approximately 3-5 meters in the horizontal and the vertical directions.

[0045] Passive loT may be useful in connection with industrial sensors, for which battery replacement may be prohibitively difficult or undesirable (e.g., for safety monitoring or fault detection in smart factories, infrastructures, or environments). Additionally, features of passive loT devices, such as low cost, small size, maintenance-free, durable, long lifespan, or the like, may facilitate smart logistics / warehousing (e.g., in connection with automated asset management by replacing RFID tags). Furthermore, passive loT may be useful in connection with smart home networks for household item management, wearable devices (e.g., wearable devices for medical monitoring for which patients do not need to replace batteries), and / or environment monitoring. To achieve further cost reduction and zero-power communication, 5G+ / 6G wireless networks may utilize a type of passive loT device referred to as an “ambient backscatter device” or a “backscatter device.”

[0046] Some loT devices may be referred to as semi-passive loT devices, because communication to the loT device does not need to be preceded by an energy harvesting waveform. For example, semi-passive loT devices may include a battery or similar energy source that can power the receiver and / or logic circuit. For such devices, energy harvesting may still be triggered in some cases, such as for long-range communications. In such examples, a rectifier circuit of the loT device may have a warm start from the battery or other energy source, and thus may be associated with a lower minimum received power requirement than passive loT devices (e.g., -30 dBm rather than -20 dBm). Nonetheless, long-range communications may require battery power spend to energize each decoding. More particularly, for long-range communications in which an energy harvesting rate is lower than a decoding circuitrequirement, such as when the energy harvesting rate is below -30 dBm, the semi -passive loT device may expend battery power to energize each decoding.

[0047] In some cases, an active ambient loT device may be employed in some cases involving long-range communications, sensing scenarios, and / or applications associated with aperiodic traffic, among other examples. An active ambient loT device may be a device having a capability of transmitting an uplink trigger, and thus may initiate a communication session from the loT device side. For example, an active ambient loT device may be associated with uplink transmissions that do not utilize a power amplifier (PA) (e.g., a transmission in the range of 0 to 5 dBm), and for which there is limited transmission capability, such as an ability to simply transmit a preamble transmission to indicate uplink traffic. Ambient loT processing may be achieved using one of a number of categories of types of A-IoT processing, which may be dependent upon locations of transmitters and receivers. For example, monostatic A-IoT may refer to A-IoT in which a transmitter and a receiver are collocated, bistatic A-IoT may refer to A-IoT in which the transmitter and receiver are non-collocated, and multi-static A-IoT may refer to A-IoT that can be bi monostatic -based or bistatic based, and which may include multiple transmitters and / or multiple receivers.

[0048] To ensure proper operations of energy harvesting devices in a cellular network, different energy harvesting operations may be executed for the different types of energy harvesting devices (e.g., different types of A-IoT devices and / or other energy harvesting devices). For example, different types of network nodes may require different optimized techniques enabling their energy harvesting and their corresponding functionalities. Rather than separately configuring each device and / or scenario to facilitate energy harvesting, to address the different energy harvesting requirements of all various types of network nodes, efficient and effective management of energy harvesting operations in a cellular network can be achieved using a dedicated entity whose task is to handle energy harvesting operations in a cellular network.

[0049] Some techniques and apparatuses described herein include a dedicated entity that is configured to manage energy distribution and / or transfer across devices in a network and / or an environment associated with one or more networks. In some aspects, the dedicated entity may be referred to herein as an Energy Management Function (EMF) and, in other aspects, the dedicated entity may be referred to using a different name and / or as a network node, or any other term that may be used to describe a dedicated entity configured to manage energy distribution and / or transfer across devices in a network and / or an environment associated with one or more networks. An EMF may be implemented in a network node such as, for example, in a core network (CN) network node, a radio access network (RAN) network node, and / or an external network node (e.g., a device that is external to a given cellular network). In some aspects, the EMF may be implemented at a dedicated network node (e.g., on a network nodethat only implements the EMF). In some other aspects, the EMF may be implemented at a network node that implements one or more additional functions and / or entities. A function refers to a set of software and / or hardware that performs one or more tasks (e.g., computation actions and / or communication actions). An entity may be a function and / or an apparatus that implements a function. A network node may be, include, or be included in, one or more functions and / or one or more entities.

[0050] The EMF may be responsible for supporting, managing, and / or keeping track of the energy distribution within the environment. In some aspects, for example, the EMF may interact with an application function (AF), which may be, be similar to, include, or be included in, a network node associated with an energy harvesting and / or distribution application. The AF and / or another network node (e.g., an A-IoT device) may issue energy session requests to the EMF and receive energy session responses from the EMF. In some aspects, for example, based on an energy session request, the EMF may perform and / or configure another network node (or network nodes) to perform an energy session. An energy session may be an interaction between at least two devices in which one or more tasks associated with energy are performed. For example, in some aspects, an energy session may include a capability information exchange between the EMF and one or more network nodes, a selection of one or more network nodes, and / or a configuration of one or more network nodes. For example, in some aspects, an energy session may include energy signal transmission and / or measurements associated with energy signals and / or distribution. By providing a dedicated entity for managing energy distribution and / or transfer, some aspects may enable efficient energy harvesting and distribution within a cellular network, thereby positively impacting network and / or device performance. By implementing at least a portion of the EMF in the RAN, some aspects may enable reduced data transfer across the RAN network. By facilitating, via the energy session, a wireless charging (e.g., energy harvest) task, some aspects may enable coordination and management of energy harvesting tasks across a network, thereby improving the efficiency of allocation of RF resources. By determining, via the EMF, an energy satisfaction computation result, some aspects may enable efficient assessment of energy distribution across a RAN. In some aspects, by implementing an energy subscription network node, some aspects may facilitate managing which network nodes may or may not perform energy sessions, thereby improving efficiency and security in the network.

[0051] In some aspects, the EMF is described in connection with an implementation in an loT scenario. Any number of the various techniques and / or components described herein may be applicable to any scenario in which energy distribution across a network may be managed including, but not limited to, loT scenarios and / or non-IoT energy harvesting scenarios, among other examples.

[0052] Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to any specific structure or function presented throughout this disclosure. Rather, these aspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. One skilled in the art should appreciate that the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein, whether implemented independently of or combined with any other aspect of the disclosure. For example, an apparatus may be implemented or a method may be practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. In addition, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such an apparatus or method which is practiced using other structure, functionality, or structure and functionality in addition to or other than the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of a claim.

[0053] Aspects and examples generally include a method, apparatus, network node, system, computer program product, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, base station, wireless communication device, and / or processing system as described or substantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated by the drawings and specification.

[0054] This disclosure may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages, are better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.

[0055] While aspects are described in the present disclosure by illustration to some examples, such aspects may be implemented in many different arrangements and scenarios. Techniques described herein may be implemented using different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and / or packaging arrangements. For example, some aspects may be implemented via integrated chip embodiments or other non-module-component-based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchasing devices, medical devices, and / or artificial intelligence devices). Aspects may be implemented in chip-level components, modular components, non-modular components, non-chip-level components, device-level components, and / or system -level components.Devices incorporating described aspects and features may include additional components and features for implementation and practice of claimed and described aspects. For example, transmission and reception of wireless signals may include one or more components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, radio frequency (RF)chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders, and / or summers). Aspects described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of devices, components, systems, distributed arrangements, and / or end-user devices of varying size, shape, and constitution.

[0056] Several aspects of telecommunication systems will now be presented with reference to various apparatuses and techniques. These apparatuses and techniques will be described in the following detailed description and illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, modules, components, circuits, steps, processes, algorithms, or the like (collectively referred to as “elements”). These elements may be implemented using hardware, software, or combinations thereof. Whether such elements are implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0057] While aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with a 5G or New Radio (NR) radio access technology (RAT), aspects of the present disclosure can be applied to other RATs, such as a 3G RAT, a 4G RAT, and / or a RAT subsequent to 5G (e.g., 6G).

[0058] Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. The wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G (e.g., NR) network and / or a 4G (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE)) network, among other examples. The wireless network 100 may include one or more network nodes 110 (shown as a network node 110a, a network node 110b, a network node 110c, a network node 1 lOd, and a network node 1 lOe), a user equipment (UE) 120 or multiple UEs 120 (shown as a UE 120a, a UE 120b, a UE 120c, a UE 120d, and a UE 120e), and / or other entities. A network node 110 may be a network node that communicates with UEs 120. As shown, a network node 110 may include one or more network nodes. For example, a network node 110 may be an aggregated network node, meaning that the aggregated network node is configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single radio access network (RAN) node (e.g., within a single device or unit). As another example, a network node 110 may be a disaggregated network node (sometimes referred to as a disaggregated base station), meaning that the network node 110 is configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more nodes (such as one or more central units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs), or one or more radio units (RUs)).

[0059] In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with UEs 120 via a radio access link, such as an RU. In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a fronthaul link or a midhaul link, such as a DU. In some examples, a network node 110 is or includes a network node that communicates with other network nodes 110 via a midhaul link or a core network via a backhaul link, such as a CU. In some examples, a networknode 1 lOe may be a network node in a core network (CN) and, as such, may be referred to as a CN network node. In some examples, a network node 110 (such as an aggregated network node 110 or a disaggregated network node 110) may include multiple network nodes, such as one or more RUs, one or more CUs, and / or one or more DUs. A network node 110 may include, for example, an NR base station, an LTE base station, a Node B, an eNB (e.g., in 4G), a gNB (e.g., in 5G), an access point, a transmission reception point (TRP), a DU, an RU, a CU, a mobility element of a network, a CN network node, a network element, a network equipment, a RAN node, or a combination thereof. In some examples, the network nodes 110 may be interconnected to one another or to one or more other network nodes 110 in the wireless network 100 through various types of fronthaul, midhaul, and / or backhaul interfaces, such as a direct physical connection, an air interface, or a virtual network, using any suitable transport network.

[0060] In some examples, a network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a network node 110 and / or a network node subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. A network node 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and / or another type of cell. A macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscriptions. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs 120 in a closed subscriber group (CSG)). A network node 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro network node. A network node 110 for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico network node. A network node 110 for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto network node or an in-home network node. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 110a may be a macro network node for a macro cell 102a, the network node 110b may be a pico network node for a pico cell 102b, and the network node 110c may be a femto network node for a femto cell 102c. A network node may support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells. In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of a network node 110 that is mobile (e.g., a mobile network node).

[0061] In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to an aggregated base station, a disaggregated base station, an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, or one or more components thereof. For example, in some aspects, “base station” or “network node” may refer to a CU, a DU, an RU, a Near-Real Time (Near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC), or a Non-Real Time (Non-RT) RIC, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one device configured toperform one or more functions, such as those described herein in connection with the network node 110. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to a plurality of devices configured to perform the one or more functions. For example, in some distributed systems, each of a quantity of different devices (which may be located in the same geographic location or in different geographic locations) may be configured to perform at least a portion of a function, or to duplicate performance of at least a portion of the function, and the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to any one or more of those different devices. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one or more virtual base stations or one or more virtual base station functions. For example, in some aspects, two or more base station functions may be instantiated on a single device. In some aspects, the terms “base station” or “network node” may refer to one of the base station functions and not another. In this way, a single device may include more than one base station.

[0062] The wireless network 100 may include one or more relay stations. A relay station is a network node that can receive a transmission of data from an upstream node (e.g., a network node 110 or a UE 120) and send a transmission of the data to a downstream node (e.g., a UE 120 or a network node 110). A relay station may be a UE 120 that can relay transmissions for other UEs 120. In the example shown in Fig. 1, the network node 1 lOd (e.g., a relay network node) may communicate with the network node 110a (e.g., a macro network node) and the UE 120d in order to facilitate communication between the network node 110a and the UE 120d. A network node 110 that relays communications may be referred to as a relay station, a relay base station, a relay network node, a relay node, a relay, or the like.

[0063] The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes network nodes 110 of different types, such as macro network nodes, pico network nodes, femto network nodes, relay network nodes, or the like. These different types of network nodes 110 may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and / or different impacts on interference in the wireless network 100. For example, macro network nodes may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 5 to 40 watts) whereas pico network nodes, femto network nodes, and relay network nodes may have lower transmit power levels (e.g., 0.1 to 2 watts).

[0064] A network controller 130 may couple to or communicate with a set of network nodes 110 and may provide coordination and control for these network nodes 110. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network nodes 110 via a backhaul communication link or a midhaul communication link. The network nodes 110 may communicate with one another directly or indirectly via a wireless or wireline backhaul communication link. In some aspects, the network controller 130 may be a CU or a core network device, or may include a CU or a core network device.

[0065] The UEs 120 may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE 120 may be stationary or mobile. A UE 120 may include, for example, an access terminal, aterminal, a mobile station, and / or a subscriber unit. A UE 120 may be a cellular phone (e.g., a smart phone), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device, a biometric device, a wearable device (e.g., a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, a smart wristband, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring or a smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (e.g., a music device, a video device, and / or a satellite radio), a vehicular component or sensor, a smart meter / sensor, industrial manufacturing equipment, a global positioning system device, a UE function of a network node, and / or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

[0066] Some UEs 120 may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolved or enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. An MTC UE and / or an eMTC UE may include, for example, a robot, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a remote device, a sensor, a meter, a monitor, and / or a location tag, that may communicate with a network node, another device (e.g., a remote device), or some other entity. Some UEs 120 may be considered Intemet-of-Things (loT) devices, and / or may be implemented as NB-IoT (narrowband loT) devices. Some UEs 120 may be considered a Customer Premises Equipment. A UE 120 may be included inside a housing that houses components of the UE 120, such as processor components and / or memory components. In some examples, the processor components and the memory components may be coupled together. For example, the processor components (e.g., one or more processors) and the memory components (e.g., a memory) may be operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled, and / or electrically coupled.

[0067] In general, any number of wireless networks 100 may be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network 100 may support a particular RAT and may operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT may be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, or the like. A frequency may be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, or the like. Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases, NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

[0068] In some examples, two or more UEs 120 (e.g., shown as UE 120a and UE 120e) may communicate directly using one or more side link channels (e.g., without using a network node 110 as an intermediary to communicate with one another). For example, the UEs 120 may communicate using peer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D) communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (e.g., which may include a vehicle-to- vehicle (V2V) protocol, a vehicle -to-infrastructure (V2I) protocol, or a vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) protocol), and / or a mesh network. In such examples, a UE 120 may perform schedulingoperations, resource selection operations, and / or other operations described elsewhere herein as being performed by the network node 110.

[0069] The electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, by frequency / wavelength, into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz). It should be understood that although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “Sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz - 300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave” band.

[0070] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR studies have identified an operating band for these mid-band frequencies as frequency range designation FR3 (7.125 GHz - 24.25 GHz). Frequency bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus may effectively extend features of FR1 and / or FR2 into mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz - 71 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz - 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz - 300 GHz).Each of these higher frequency bands falls within the EHF band.

[0071] With the above examples in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “millimeter wave” or the like, if used herein, may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, FR4, FR4-a or FR4-1, and / or FR5, or may be within the EHF band. It is contemplated that the frequencies included in these operating bands (e.g., FR1, FR2, FR3, FR4, FR4-a, FR4-1, and / or FR5) may be modified, and techniques described herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

[0072] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., the network node 110a, 110b, 110c, 1 lOd, and / or 1 lOe) may include a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 150 may obtain an energy session request; and provide, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response. In some aspects, the communication manager 150 may provide, to a second network node, an energy session request; and obtain, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0073] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., the network node 110a, 110b, 110c, 1 lOd, and / or 1 lOe, and / or the UE 120) may include a communication manager 140 and / or a communication manager 150. As described in more detail elsewhere herein, the communication manager 140 and / or 150 may provide, to a second network node, an energy session configuration; and perform an energy session based on the energy session configuration. In some aspects, the communication manager 140 and / or 150 may obtain an energy session configuration; and perform an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration. Additionally, or alternatively, the communication manager 140 and / or 150 may perform one or more other operations described herein.

[0074] As indicated above, Fig. 1 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 1.

[0075] Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a network node 110 in communication with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100, in accordance with the present disclosure. The network node 110 may be equipped with a set of antennas 234a through 234t, such as T antennas (T> 1). The UE 120 may be equipped with a set of antennas 252a through 252r, such as R antennas (R > 1). The network node 110 of example 200 includes one or more radio frequency components, such as antennas 234 and a modem 232. In some examples, a network node 110 may include an interface, a communication component, or another component that facilitates communication with the UE 120 or another network node. Some network nodes 110 may not include radio frequency components that facilitate direct communication with the UE 120, such as one or more CUs, or one or more DUs.

[0076] At the network node 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data, from a data source 212, intended for the UE 120 (or a set of UEs 120). The transmit processor 220 may select one or more modulation and coding schemes (MCSs) for the UE 120 based at least in part on one or more channel quality indicators (CQIs) received from that UE 120. The network node 110 may process (e.g., encode and modulate) the data for the UE 120 based at least in part on the MCS(s) selected for the UE 120 and may provide data symbols for the UE 120. The transmit processor 220 may process system information (e.g., for semi-static resource partitioning information (SRPI)) and control information (e.g., CQI requests, grants, and / or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and control symbols. The transmit processor 220 may generate reference symbols for reference signals (e.g., a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) and synchronization signals (e.g., a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or a secondary synchronization signal (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, the overheadsymbols, and / or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide a set of output symbol streams (e.g., T output symbol streams) to a corresponding set of modems 232 (e.g., T modems), shown as modems 232a through 232t. For example, each output symbol stream may be provided to a modulator component (shown as MOD) of a modem 232. Each modem 232 may use a respective modulator component to process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modem 232 may further use a respective modulator component to process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, fdter, and / or upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. The modems 232a through 232t may transmit a set of downlink signals (e.g., T downlink signals) via a corresponding set of antennas 234 (e.g., T antennas), shown as antennas 234a through 234t.

[0077] At the UE 120, a set of antennas 252 (shown as antennas 252a through 252r) may receive the downlink signals from the network node 110 and / or other network nodes 110 and may provide a set of received signals (e.g., R received signals) to a set of modems 254 (e.g., R modems), shown as modems 254a through 254r. For example, each received signal may be provided to a demodulator component (shown as DEMOD) of a modem 254. Each modem 254 may use a respective demodulator component to condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and / or digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples. Each modem 254 may use a demodulator component to further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from the modems 254, may perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and may provide detected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (e.g., demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, may provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 260, and may provide decoded control information and system information to a controller / processor 280. The term “controller / processor” may refer to one or more controllers, one or more processors, or a combination thereof. A channel processor may determine a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter, and / or a CQI parameter, among other examples. In some examples, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in a housing 284.

[0078] The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, a controller / processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130 may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. The network controller 130 may communicate with the network node 110 via the communication unit 294.

[0079] One or more antennas (e.g., antennas 234a through 234t and / or antennas 252a through 252r) may include, or may be included within, one or more antenna panels, one or more antenna groups, one or more sets of antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna arrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements, and / or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elements (within a single housing or multiple housings),a set of coplanar antenna elements, a set of non-coplanar antenna elements, and / or one or more antenna elements coupled to one or more transmission and / or reception components, such as one or more components of Fig. 2.

[0080] Each of the antenna elements may include one or more sub-elements for radiating or receiving radio frequency signals. For example, a single antenna element may include a first sub-element cross-polarized with a second sub-element that can be used to independently transmit cross-polarized signals. The antenna elements may include patch antennas, dipole antennas, or other types of antennas arranged in a linear pattern, a two-dimensional pattern, or another pattern. A spacing between antenna elements may be such that signals with a desired wavelength transmitted separately by the antenna elements may interact or interfere (e.g., to form a desired beam). For example, given an expected range of wavelengths or frequencies, the spacing may provide a quarter wavelength, half wavelength, or other fraction of a wavelength of spacing between neighboring antenna elements to allow for interaction or interference of signals transmitted by the separate antenna elements within that expected range.

[0081] Antenna elements and / or sub-elements may be used to generate beams. “Beam” may refer to a directional transmission such as a wireless signal that is transmitted in a direction of a receiving device. A beam may include a directional signal, a direction associated with a signal, a set of directional resources associated with a signal (e.g., angle of arrival, horizontal direction, vertical direction), and / or a set of parameters that indicate one or more aspects of a directional signal, a direction associated with a signal, and / or a set of directional resources associated with a signal.

[0082] As indicated above, antenna elements and / or sub-elements may be used to generate beams. For example, antenna elements may be individually selected or deselected for transmission of a signal (or signals) by controlling an amplitude of one or more corresponding amplifiers. Beamforming includes generation of a beam using multiple signals on different antenna elements, where one or more, or all, of the multiple signals are shifted in phase relative to each other. The formed beam may carry physical or higher layer reference signals or information. As each signal of the multiple signals is radiated from a respective antenna element, the radiated signals interact, interfere (constructive and destructive interference), and amplify each other to form a resulting beam. The shape (such as the amplitude, width, and / or presence of side lobes) and the direction (such as an angle of the beam relative to a surface of an antenna array) can be dynamically controlled by modifying the phase shifts or phase offsets of the multiple signals relative to each other.

[0083] Beamforming may be used for communications between a UE and a network node, such as for millimeter wave communications and / or the like. In such a case, the network node may provide the UE with a configuration of transmission configuration indicator (TCI) states that respectively indicate beams that may be used by the UE, such as for receiving a physicaldownlink shared channel (PDSCH). A TCI state indicates a spatial parameter for a communication. For example, a TCI state for a communication may identify a source signal (such as a synchronization signal block, a channel state information reference signal, or the like) and a spatial parameter to be derived from the source signal for the purpose of transmitting or receiving the communication. For example, the TCI state may indicate a quasi-co-location (QCL) type. A QCL type may indicate one or more spatial parameters to be derived from the source signal. The source signal may be referred to as a QCL source. The network node may indicate an activated TCI state to the UE, which the UE may use to select a beam for receiving the PDSCH.

[0084] A beam indication may be, or include, a TCI state information element, a beam identifier (ID), spatial relation information, a TCI state ID, a closed loop index, a panel ID, a TRP ID, and / or a sounding reference signal (SRS) set ID, among other examples. A TCI state information element (referred to as a TCI state herein) may indicate information associated with a beam such as a downlink beam. For example, the TCI state information element may indicate a TCI state identification (e.g., a tci-Statell)). a QCL type (e.g., a qcl-Typel, qcl-Type2. qcl- TypeA. qcl-TypeB. qcl-TypeC. qcl-Type . and / or the like), a cell identification (e.g., a ServCelllndex), a bandwidth part identification (bwp-Id), a reference signal identification such as a CSI-RS (e.g., an NZP-CSI-RS-Resourceld, an SSB-Index, and / or the like), and / or the like. Spatial relation information may similarly indicate information associated with an uplink beam.

[0085] The beam indication may be a joint or separate downlink (DL) / uplink (UL) beam indication in a unified TCI framework. In some cases, the network may support layer 1 (L 1 )- based beam indication using at least UE-specific (unicast) downlink control information (DCI) to indicate joint or separate DL / UL beam indications from active TCI states. In some cases, existing DCI formats 1 1 and / or 1 2 may be reused for beam indication. The network may include a support mechanism for a UE to acknowledge successful decoding of a beam indication. For example, the acknowledgment / negative acknowledgment (ACK / NACK) of the PDSCH scheduled by the DCI carrying the beam indication may be also used as an ACK for the DCI.

[0086] Beam indications may be provided for carrier aggregation (CA) scenarios. In a unified TCI framework, information the network may support common TCI state ID update and activation to provide common QCL and / or common UL transmission spatial filter or filters across a set of configured component carriers (CCs). This type of beam indication may apply to intra-band CA, as well as to joint DL / UL and separate DL / UL beam indications. The common TCI state ID may imply that one reference signal (RS) determined according to the TCI state(s) indicated by a common TCI state ID is used to provide QCL Type-D indication and to determine UL transmission spatial filters across the set of configured CCs.

[0087] On the uplink, at the UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive and process data from a data source 262 and control information (e.g., for reports that include RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, and / or CQI) from the controller / processor 280. The transmit processor 264 may generate reference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols from the transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 if applicable, further processed by the modems 254 (e.g., for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM), and transmitted to the network node 110. In some examples, the modem 254 of the UE 120 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of the antenna(s) 252, the modem(s) 254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmit processor 264, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller / processor 280) and the memory 282 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0088] At the network node 110, the uplink signals from UE 120 and / or other UEs may be received by the antennas 234, processed by the modem 232 (e.g., a demodulator component, shown as DEMOD, of the modem 232), detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 239 and provide the decoded control information to the controller / processor 240. The network node 110 may include a communication unit 244 and may communicate with the network controller 130 via the communication unit 244. The network node 110 may include a scheduler 246 to schedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink and / or uplink communications. In some examples, the modem 232 of the network node 110 may include a modulator and a demodulator. In some examples, the network node 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include any combination of the antenna(s) 234, the modem(s) 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the transmit processor 220, and / or the TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be used by a processor (e.g., the controller / processor 240) and the memory 242 to perform aspects of any of the methods described herein.

[0089] The controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or any other component(s) of Fig. 2 may perform one or more techniques associated with energy management, as described in more detail elsewhere herein. For example, the controller / processor 240 of the network node 110, the controller / processor 280 of the UE 120, and / or any other component(s) of Fig. 2 may perform or direct operations of, for example, process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, process 900 of Fig. 9, process 1000 of Fig. 10, and / or other processes as described herein. The memory 242 and the memory 282 may store data and program codes for the network node 110 and the UE 120, respectively. In some examples, the memory 242 and / or the memory 282 may include a non-transitory computer- readable medium storing one or more instructions (e.g., code and / or program code) for wirelesscommunication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed (e.g., directly, or after compiling, converting, and / or interpreting) by one or more processors of the network node 110 and / or the UE 120, may cause the one or more processors, the UE 120, and / or the network node 110 to perform or direct operations of, for example, process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, process 900 of Fig. 9, process 1000 of Fig. 10, and / or other processes as described herein. In some examples, executing instructions may include running the instructions, converting the instructions, compiling the instructions, and / or interpreting the instructions, among other examples.

[0090] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., the network node 110) includes means for obtaining an energy session request; and / or means for providing, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response. In some aspects, the network node includes means for providing, to a second network node, an energy session request; and / or means for obtaining, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response. The means for the network node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246.

[0091] In some aspects, a network node (e.g., the network node 110 and / or the UE 120) includes means for providing, to a second network node, an energy session configuration; and / or means for performing an energy session based on the energy session configuration. In some aspects, the network node includes means for obtaining an energy session configuration; and / or means for performing an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration. The means for the network node to perform operations described herein may include, for example, one or more of communication manager 150, transmit processor 220, TX MIMO processor 230, modem 232, antenna 234, MIMO detector 236, receive processor 238, controller / processor 240, memory 242, or scheduler 246. In some aspects, such means may include one or more components of UE 120 described in connection with Fig. 2, such as controller / processor 280, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, antenna 252, modem 254, MIMO detector 256, and / or receive processor 258.

[0092] While blocks in Fig. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, the functions described above with respect to the blocks may be implemented in a single hardware, software, or combination component or in various combinations of components. For example, the functions described with respect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, and / or the TX MIMO processor 266 may be performed by or under the control of the controller / processor 280.

[0093] In some aspects, an individual processor may perform all of the functions described as being performed by the one or more processors. In some aspects, one or more processors maycollectively perform a set of functions. For example, a first set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a first function described as being performed by the one or more processors, and a second set of (one or more) processors of the one or more processors may perform a second function described as being performed by the one or more processors. The first set of processors and the second set of processors may be the same set of processors or may be different sets of processors. Reference to “one or more processors” should be understood to refer to any one or more of the processors described in connection with Fig.2. Reference to “one or more memories” should be understood to refer to any one or more memories of a corresponding device, such as the memory described in connection with Fig.2. For example, functions described as being performed by one or more memories can be performed by the same subset of the one or more memories or different subsets of the one or more memories.

[0094] As indicated above, Fig. 2 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 2.

[0095] Deployment of communication systems, such as 5G NR systems (or 6G systems or other future systems), may be arranged in multiple manners with various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system, or network, a network node, a network entity, a mobility element of a network, a RAN node, a core network node, a network element, a base station, or a network equipment may be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a base station (such as a Node B (NB), an evolved NB (eNB), an NR base station, a 5G NB, an access point (AP), a TRP, or a cell, among other examples), or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functionality, may be implemented as an aggregated base station (also known as a standalone base station or a monolithic base station) or a disaggregated base station. “Network entity” or “network node” may refer to a disaggregated base station, or to one or more units of a disaggregated base station (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, one or more RUs, or a combination thereof).

[0096] An aggregated base station (e.g., an aggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node (e.g., within a single device or unit). A disaggregated base station (e.g., a disaggregated network node) may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically distributed among two or more units (such as one or more CUs, one or more DUs, or one or more RUs). In some examples, a CU may be implemented within a network node, and one or more DUs may be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, may be geographically or virtually distributed throughout one or multiple other network nodes. The DUs may be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU also can be implemented as virtual units, such as a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU), or a virtual radio unit (VRU), among other examples.

[0097] Base station-type operation or network design may consider aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, disaggregated base stations may be utilized in an IAB network, an open radio access network (0-RAN (such as the network configuration sponsored by the 0-RAN Alliance)), or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also known as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)) to facilitate scaling of communication systems by separating base station functionality into one or more units that can be individually deployed. A disaggregated base station may include functionality implemented across two or more units at various physical locations, as well as functionality implemented for at least one unit virtually, which can enable flexibility in network design. The various units of the disaggregated base station can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit of the disaggregated base station.

[0098] Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example disaggregated base station architecture 300, in accordance with the present disclosure. The disaggregated base station architecture 300 may include a CU 310 that can communicate directly with a core network 320 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 320 through one or more disaggregated control units (such as a Near-RT RIC 325 via an E2 link, or a Non-RT RIC 315 associated with a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework 305, or both). A CU 310 may communicate with one or more DUs 330 via respective midhaul links, such as through Fl interfaces. Each of the DUs 330 may communicate with one or more RUs 340 via respective fronthaul links. Each of the RUs 340 may communicate with one or more UEs 120 via respective radio frequency (RF) access links. In some implementations, a UE 120 may be simultaneously served by multiple RUs 340.

[0099] Each of the units, including the CUs 310, the DUs 330, the RUs 340, as well as the Near-RT RICs 325, the Non-RT RICs 315, and the SMO Framework 305, may include one or more interfaces or be coupled with one or more interfaces configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively, signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units, or an associated processor or controller providing instructions to one or multiple communication interfaces of the respective unit, can be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. In some examples, each of the units can include a wired interface, configured to receive or transmit signals over a wired transmission medium to one or more of the other units, and a wireless interface, which may include a receiver, a transmitter or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver), configured to receive or transmit signals, or both, over a wireless transmission medium to one or more of the other units.

[0100] In some aspects, the CU 310 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions can include radio resource control (RRC) functions, packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, or service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions,among other examples. Each control function can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 310. The CU 310 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (for example, Central Unit - User Plane (CU-UP) functionality), control plane functionality (for example, Central Unit - Control Plane (CU-CP) functionality), or a combination thereof. In some implementations, the CU 310 can be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. A CU-UP unit can communicate bidirectionally with a CU-CP unit via an interface, such as the El interface when implemented in an O-RAN configuration. The CU 310 can be implemented to communicate with a DU 330, as necessary, for network control and signaling.

[0101] Each DU 330 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions to control the operation of one or more RUs 340. In some aspects, the DU 330 may host one or more of a radio link control (RLC) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, and one or more high physical (PHY) layers depending, at least in part, on a functional split, such as a functional split defined by the 3GPP. In some aspects, the one or more high PHY layers may be implemented by one or more modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, and modulation and demodulation, among other examples. In some aspects, the DU 330 may further host one or more low PHY layers, such as implemented by one or more modules for a fast Fourier transform (FFT), an inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, or physical random access channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, among other examples. Each layer (which also may be referred to as a module) can be implemented with an interface configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 330, or with the control functions hosted by the CU 310.

[0102] Each RU 340 may implement lower-layer functionality. In some deployments, an RU 340, controlled by a DU 330, may correspond to a logical node that hosts RF processing functions or low-PHY layer functions, such as performing an FFT, performing an iFFT, digital beamforming, or PRACH extraction and filtering, among other examples, based on a functional split (for example, a functional split defined by the 3GPP), such as a lower layer functional split. In such an architecture, each RU 340 can be operated to handle over the air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 120. In some implementations, real-time and non-real- time aspects of control and user plane communication with the RU(s) 340 can be controlled by the corresponding DU 330. In some scenarios, this configuration can enable each DU 330 and the CU 310 to be implemented in a cloud-based RAN architecture, such as a vRAN architecture.

[0103] The SMO Framework 305 may be configured to support RAN deployment and provisioning of non-virtualized and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO Framework 305 may be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which may be managed via an operations and maintenance interface (such as an 01 interface). For virtualized network elements, theSMO Framework 305 may be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as an open cloud (O-Cloud) platform 390) to perform network element life cycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as an 02 interface). Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, CUs 310, DUs 330, RUs 340, non-RT RICs 315, and Near-RT RICs 325. In some implementations, the SMO Framework 305 can communicate with a hardware aspect of a 4G RAN, such as an open eNB (O-eNB) 311, via an 01 interface. Additionally, in some implementations, the SMO Framework 305 can communicate directly with each of one or more RUs 340 via a respective 01 interface. The SMO Framework 305 also may include a Non-RT RIC 315 configured to support functionality of the SMO Framework 305.

[0104] The Non-RT RIC 315 may be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, Artificial Intelligence / Machine Learning (AI / ML) workflows including model training and updates, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the Near-RT RIC 325. The Non-RT RIC 315 may be coupled to or communicate with (such as via an Al interface) the Near-RT RIC 325. The Near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to include a logical function that enables near-realtime control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via data collection and actions over an interface (such as via an E2 interface) connecting one or more CUs 310, one or more DUs 330, or both, as well as an O-eNB, with the Near-RT RIC 325.

[0105] In some implementations, to generate AI / ML models to be deployed in the Near-RT RIC 325, the Non-RT RIC 315 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from external servers. Such information may be utilized by the Near-RT RIC 325 and may be received at the SMO Framework 305 or the Non-RT RIC 315 from non-network data sources or from network functions. In some examples, the Non-RT RIC 315 or the Near-RT RIC 325 may be configured to tune RAN behavior or performance. For example, the Non-RT RIC 315 may monitor long-term trends and patterns for performance and employ AI / ML models to perform corrective actions through the SMO Framework 305 (such as reconfiguration via an 01 interface) or via creation of RAN management policies (such as Al interface policies).

[0106] As indicated above, Fig. 3 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 3.

[0107] Energy harvesting may be used to supplement energy obtained from an on-device energy storage device and / or may provide charging to the on-device energy storage device. Devices that use energy harvesting may have a low-capacity energy storage device (e.g., smart watch) or no energy storage device (e.g., zero power devices, loT devices, wearables, or financial devices). Energy harvesting may include converting RF energy transferred from another device into electrical energy. Harvesting RF energy may be used for charging a battery associated with the network node and / or to power one or more components to perform sometask or tasks at the network node (e.g., a UE, a wearable device, a smart watch, a low power device), such as data decoding, fdter operation, data reception, data encoding, and / or data transmission. In some cases, harvesting RF energy may be used to charge a battery of the network node in full and / or to charge the battery of the network node (or to use a dedicated battery for energy harvesting) such that some tasks may be performed using the harvested energy. These tasks may be performed based at least in part on an accumulation of harvested energy over a period of time. The harvested energy may be derived from RF signals transmitted in a network. The device may interact with the network using the harvested energy.

[0108] RF energy harvesting may be useful in Intemet-of-Things (loT) cases. For example, RF energy harvesting may lead to a longer battery lifespan of an loT device with a battery since the battery can be recharged during operation. As another example, RF energy harvesting may lead to a battery-less loT device, such as a medical sensor or an implanted sensor.

[0109] An amount of energy that may be harvested from RF signals may be based at least in part a signal frequency, a signal source, a distance traveled by the RF signals, a Tx power associated with the RF signals, and / or an Rx power associated with the RF signals. The signal frequency may be associated with a very high frequency (VHF) or an ultra-high frequency (UHF). The signal source may be a tower or another device, such as a UE.

[0110] Energy harvesting may be derived from various sources, such as solar, vibration, thermal, and / or RF. Energy harvesting from a solar source may use photovoltaic cells, and may provide a relatively high power density, but requires exposure to light (not implantable).Energy harvesting from a vibration source may use piezoelectric, electrostatic, and / or electromagnetic techniques, and may be implantable, but may suffer from material physical limitations. Energy harvesting from a thermal source may use a thermoelectric or pyroelectric techniques and may provide a relatively high power density and be implantable, but may produce excess heat. Energy harvesting from RF may use an antenna, and may be implantable, but may provide a relatively low power density where an efficiency is inversely proportional to a distance.

[0111] Fig. 4A is a diagram illustrating an example 400 of an RF energy harvesting system, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0112] As shown in Fig. 4A, an RF generator 402, acting as an RF source 404, may generate an RF signal 406. The RF generator 402 may transmit, via a Tx antenna 408, the RF signal 406. The RF signal 406 may be transmitted over a transmission space 410, and the RF signal 406 may be received at an Rx antenna 412 of a device. The RF signal 406 may be directed to a wireless energy harvesting circuit 414 of the device. The wireless energy harvesting circuit 414 may include an impedance matching network 416 and a rectifier / voltage multiplier 418, which may be responsible for converting the RF signal 406 to power (e.g., direct current (DC) power).A power management system 420 may be responsible for storing the power, and providing the power to application(s) 422 of the device as needed.

[0113] As indicated above, Fig. 4A is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with regard to Fig. 4A.

[0114] Fig. 4B is a diagram illustrating an example 424 associated with backscatter communications, in accordance with the present disclosure.

[0115] Some wireless communication devices may be considered loT devices, such as ambient loT devices (sometimes referred to as ultra-light loT devices), or similar loT devices. In some cases, for example, the RF energy harvesting system depicted in Fig. 4A may be implemented in association with an loT device. loT technology may include passive loT (e.g., NR passive loT for 5G Advanced), semi-passive loT, ultra-light loT, or ambient loT, among other examples. In passive loT, a terminal (e.g., a radio frequency identification (RFID) device, a tag, or a similar device) may not include a battery, and the terminal may accumulate energy from radio signaling. Additionally, the terminal may accumulate solar energy to supplement accumulated energy from radio signaling. In passive loT, a communication distance may be up to 30 meters (or more) to facilitate feasible network coverage over a large area (e.g., 5000 square meters), such as in a warehouse. Moreover, the power consumption of a passive loT terminal (e.g., a UE) may be less than 0.1 milliwatts (mW) to support operation without a battery, and the terminal may be relatively inexpensive to facilitate cost-sensitive uses. A positioning accuracy of a passive loT terminal may be approximately 3-5 meters in the horizontal and the vertical directions.

[0116] Passive loT may be useful in connection with industrial sensors, for which battery replacement may be prohibitively difficult or undesirable (e.g., for safety monitoring or fault detection in smart factories, infrastructures, or environments). Additionally, features of passive loT devices, such as low cost, small size, maintenance-free, durable, long lifespan, or the like, may facilitate smart logistics / warehousing (e.g., in connection with automated asset management by replacing RFID tags). Furthermore, passive loT may be useful in connection with smart home networks for household item management, wearable devices (e.g., wearable devices for medical monitoring for which patients do not need to replace batteries), and / or environment monitoring. To achieve further cost reduction and zero-power communication, 5G+ / 6G wireless networks may utilize a type of passive loT device referred to as an “ambient backscatter device” or a “backscatter device.”

[0117] As shown in Fig. 4B, a backscatter device 426 (e.g., a tag, a sensor, or the like), which may be one example of a passive loT device, may employ a simplified hardware design (e.g., including a power splitter, an energy harvester, and a microcontroller) that does not include a battery, such that the backscatter device 426 relies on energy harvesting for power, and thatdoes not include a radio wave generation circuit, such that the backscatter device 426 has the capability to transmit information only by reflecting a radio wave. More particularly, the backscatter device 426 communicates with a reader 428 (e.g., a UE 120, a network node 110, or another network device) by modulating a reflecting radio signal from an RF source 430 (e.g., a network node 110, a UE 120, or another network device). In some examples, the RF source 430 and the reader 428 may be the same device and / or may be co-located. For example, in some cases, the reader 428 and the RF source 430 may be associated with the same network node 110.

[0118] To facilitate communication of the backscatter device 426, the RF source 430 may transmit an energy harvesting wave to the backscatter device 426. The energy harvesting wave may be transmitted for a sufficient duration in order to enable a communication phase for a target range between the reader 428 and the backscatter device 426. Additionally, or alternatively, in some cases, a range between the RF source 430 and the backscatter device 426 may be limited by a minimum received power for triggering energy harvesting at the backscatter device 426, such as -20 decibel milliwatts (dBm).

[0119] Once energy is sufficiently accumulated at the backscatter device 426, the backscatter device 426 may begin to reflect the radio wave that is radiated onto the backscatter device 426 via a backscatter link 432. For example, the RF source 430 may initiate a communication session (sometimes referred to as a query-response communication) with a query, which may be a modulating envelope of a continuous wave (CW). The backscatter device 426 may respond by backscattering of the CW. The communication session may include multiple rounds, such as for purposes of contention resolution when multiple backscatter devices respond to a query. A channel between the RF source 430 and the backscatter device 426 of the backscatter link 432 may be associated with a first backscatter link channel response value (sometimes referred to as a first backscatter link channel coefficient or a first backscatter link gain value), hBD. As described below, the backscatter device 426 may have reflection-on periods and reflection-off periods that follow a pattern that is based at least in part on the transmission of information bits by the backscatter device 426. The reader 428 may detect the reflection pattern of the backscatter device 426 and obtain the backscatter communication information via the backscatter link 432. A channel between the reader 428 and the backscatter device 426 of the backscatter link 432 may be associated with a second backscatter link channel response value (sometimes referred to as a second backscatter link channel coefficient or a second backscatter link channel gain value), hDU. In addition, the RF source 430 and the reader 428 may communicate (e.g., reference signals and / or data signals) via a direct link 434. A channel between the RF source 430 and the reader 428 of the direct link 434 may be associated with a direct link channel response value (sometimes referred to as a direct link channel coefficient or a direct link channel gain value), hBU.

[0120] The backscater device 426 may use an information modulation scheme, such as amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation or on-off keying (OOK) modulation. For ASK or OOK modulation, the backscater device 426 may switch on reflection when transmiting an information bit “1” and switch off reflection when transmiting an information bit “0.” In backscater communication, the RF source 430 may transmit a particular radio wave (e.g., a reference signal or a data signal, such as a PDSCH), which may be denoted as x(n). The reader 428 may receive this radio wave, x(n), directly from the RF source 430 via the direct link 434, as well as from the backscater device 426 modulating and reflecting the radio wave to the reader 428 via the backscater link 432. The signal received at the reader 428 via the direct link 434, denoted as h_BU (n)x(n) and indicated by reference number 436, is the product of the radio wave transmited by the RF source 430, x(n), multiplied by the direct link channel response value, hBU, plus any signal noise. The information bits signal of the backscater device 426 may be denoted as s(n) where s(n)e{0,l}. Accordingly, the signal received at the reader 428 via the backscater link 432, denoted as o f h_BD (n)h_DU (n)s(n)x(n) and indicated by reference number 438, is the product of the signal transmited by the RF source 430, x(n), multiplied by the first backscater link channel response value, hBD, the second backscater link channel response value, hDU, the information bits signal from the backscater device 426, s(n), and a reflection coefficient associated with the backscater device 426, o f, plus any noise.

[0121] Thus, the resulting signal received at the reader 428, which is the superposition of the signal received via the direct link 434 and the signal received via the backscater link 432, may be denoted as y(n) where y(n)= (h_BU (n)+ o f h_BD (n) h_DU (n)s(n))x(n)+noise. This signal, y(n), is shown by reference number 440. As shown, when s(n)=0 (indicated by reference number 442 in the plot shown at reference number 438), the backscater device 426 may switch off reflection, such that the signal component o f h_BD (n)h_DU (n)s(n) equals zero, and thus the reader 428 receives only the direct link 434 signal (e.g., y(n)=h_BU (n)x(n)+noise). When s(n)=l (indicated by reference number 444 in the plot shown at reference number 438), the backscater device 426 may switch on reflection, such that signal component o f h_BD (n)h_DU (n)s(n) equals o f h_BD (n)h_DU (n), and thus the reader 428 receives a superposition of both the direct link 434 signal and the backscater link 432 signal (e.g., y(n)= (h_BU (n)+ o f h_BD (n) h_DU (n))x(n)+noise). To receive the information bits transmited by the backscater device 426, the reader 428 may first decode x(n) based at least in part on the direct link channel response value of h_BU (n) by treating the backscater link 432 signal as interference. The reader 428 may then detect the existence of the signal component o f h_BD (n)h_DU (n)x(n) by subtracting h_BU (n)x(n) from y(n). In some cases, the backscater device 426 may not maintain a state from communication session to communication session except of what is stored in the backscater device 426 memory, such as an electronic product code (EPC) associated with backscater device 426 or similar information.

[0122] Some loT devices may be referred to as semi-passive loT devices, because communication between a reader and the loT device does not need to be preceded by an energy harvesting waveform. For example, semi-passive loT devices may include a battery or similar energy source that can power the receiver and / or logic circuit. For such devices, energy harvesting may still be triggered in some cases, such as for long-range communications. In such examples, a rectifier circuit of the loT device may have a warm start from the battery or other energy source, and thus may be associated with a lower minimum received power requirement than passive loT devices (e.g., -30 dBm rather than -20 dBm). Nonetheless, long-range communications may require battery power spend to energize each decoding. More particularly, for long-range communications in which an energy harvesting rate is lower than a decoding circuit requirement, such as when the energy harvesting rate is below -30 dBm, the semi-passive loT device may expend battery power to energize each decoding.

[0123] In some cases, an active ambient loT device may be employed in some cases involving long-range communications, sensing scenarios, and / or applications associated with aperiodic traffic, among other examples. An active ambient loT device may be a device having a capability of transmitting an uplink trigger, and thus may initiate a communication session from the loT device side. For example, an active ambient loT device may be associated with uplink transmissions that do not utilize a power amplifier (PA) (e.g., a transmission in the range of 0 to 5 dBm), and for which there is limited transmission capability, such as an ability to simply transmit a preamble transmission to indicate uplink traffic. Ambient loT processing may be achieved using one of a number of categories of types of A-IoT processing, which may be dependent upon locations of transmitters and receivers. For example, monostatic A-IoT may refer to A-IoT in which a transmitter and a receiver are collocated, bistatic A-IoT may refer to A-IoT in which the transmitter and receiver are non-collocated, and multi-static A-IoT may refer to A-IoT that can be bi monostatic -based or bistatic based, and which may include multiple transmitters and / or multiple receivers.

[0124] To ensure proper operations of energy harvesting devices in a cellular network, different energy harvesting operations may be executed for the different types of energy harvesting devices (e.g., different types of A-IoT devices and / or other energy harvesting devices). For example, different types of network nodes may require different optimized techniques enabling their energy harvesting and their corresponding functionalities. Rather than separately configuring each device and / or scenario to facilitate energy harvesting, to address the different energy harvesting requirements of all various types of network nodes, efficient and effective management of energy harvesting operations in a cellular network can be achieved using a dedicated entity whose task is to handle energy harvesting operations in a cellular network..

[0125] Some techniques and apparatuses described herein include a dedicated entity that is configured to manage energy distribution and / or transfer across devices in a network and / or an environment associated with one or more networks. In some aspects, the dedicated entity may be referred to herein as an EMF and, in other aspects, the dedicated entity may be referred to using a different name and / or as a network node, or any other term that may be used to describe a dedicated entity configured to manage energy distribution and / or transfer across devices in a network and / or an environment associated with one or more networks. An EMF may be implemented in a network node such as, for example, in a CN network node, an RAN network node, and / or an external network node (e.g., a device that is external to a given cellular network).

[0126] The EMF may be responsible for supporting, managing, and / or keeping track of the energy distribution within the environment. In some aspects, for example, the EMF may interact with an AF, which may be, be similar to, include, or be included in, a network node associated with an energy harvesting and / or distribution application. The AF and / or another network node (e.g., an A-IoT device) may issue energy session requests to the EMF and receive energy session responses from the EMF. In some aspects, for example, based on an energy session request, the EMF may perform and / or configure another network node (or network nodes) to perform an energy session. An energy session may be an interaction between at least two devices in which one or more tasks associated with energy are performed. For example, in some aspects, an energy session may include a capability information exchange between the EMF and one or more network nodes, a selection of one or more network nodes, and / or a configuration of one or more network nodes. For example, in some aspects, an energy session may include energy signal transmission and / or measurements associated with energy signals and / or distribution. By providing a dedicated entity for managing energy distribution and / or transfer, some aspects may enable efficient energy harvesting and distribution within a cellular network, thereby positively impacting network and / or device performance.

[0127] As indicated above, Fig. 4B is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Fig. 4B.

[0128] Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example 500 associated with energy management, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 5, a network node 502 and a network node 504 may communicate with one another. The network node 502 also may communicate with a network node 506 and / or a network node 508. The network node 506 may communicate with the network node 508. In some aspects, any one or more of the network nodes 502, 504, 506, and / or 508 may be, be similar to, include, or be included in, the network node 110 depicted in Figs. 1 and 2, the UE depicted in Figs. 1-3, and / or one or more components of the disaggregated base station architecture 300 depicted in Fig. 3. In some aspects, the network node 502 may be, include, or be included in, an EMF. In some aspects, thenetwork node 504 may be, include, or be included in, an AF. In some aspects, the network node 506 may be, include, or be included in, a UE and / or a RAN network node. In some aspects, the network node 508 may be, include, or be included in, an energy harvesting device and / or an A- loT device. In some aspects, any one or more of the network nodes 502, 504, 506, and 508 may be, be similar to, include, or be included in, an external entity (e.g., an entity external to a particular cellular network), a RAN network node, a UE, and / or an A-IoT, among other examples.

[0129] As shown by reference number 510, the network node 504 may provide, and the network node 502 may obtain, an energy session request. In some aspects, for example, the network node 502 may obtain the energy session request via an EMF at the network node 502. In some aspects, the EMF may include a core network component. In some aspects, the EMF may include a RAN component. In some aspects, the EMF may include only the RAN component. In some aspects, the EMF may be distributed. For example, in some aspects, the EMF may include a RAN component that communicates with a core network component of the EMF. For example, in some aspects, the RAN component of the EMF may obtain, from the network node 506, energy information associated with the network node 506. In some aspects, the RAN component may provide energy session information, based on the energy information, to the core network component of the EMF. For example, in some aspects, providing the energy session response may include providing the energy session response to an AF at the network node 504.

[0130] As shown by reference number 512, the network node 502 may performing an energy session in association with the network node 506 and / or the network node 508. In some aspects, for example, performing the energy session may include obtaining energy information associated with the network node 506 and / or the network node 508. In some aspects, the energy information may indicate at least one of a charging rate or an energy distribution. In some aspects, the energy information may indicate one or more energy measurements.

[0131] In some aspects, as shown by reference number 514, obtaining the energy information may include receiving an energy session reporting signal. The energy session reporting signal may indicate the energy information. In some aspects, the energy session reporting signal may be associated with a higher-layer signaling protocol. In some aspects, the energy session reporting signal may include at least one of an RRC message, a MAC CE, or DCI.

[0132] In some aspects, performing the energy session may include facilitating a wireless charging task associated with the network node 506 and / or 508. For example, facilitating a wireless charging task may include performing some action that contributes to the performance of a wireless charging task. For example, in some aspects, facilitating a wireless charging task may include providing configuration information associated with the wireless charging task and / or transmitting an energy signal. In some aspects, performing the energy session mayinclude communicating capability information. For example, the network node 508 may provide capability information to the network node 506 and / or the network node 506 may provide capability information to the network node 502.

[0133] In some aspects, in response to receiving an energy session request, the network node 502 may select the network node 506 and / or the network node 508. In some other aspects, the network node 506 may select the network node 508. In some aspects, for example, the network node 502 and / or 506 may select a network node based on a selection parameter. The selection parameter may indicate at least one of a capability associated with the network node 506 and / or 508, an availability of the network node 506 and / or 508, a position associated with the network node 506 and / or 508, an available power associated with the network node 506 and / or 508, a position of at least one additional network node, or an available power associated with at least one additional network node. For example, the capability associated with the network node 506 and / or 508 may include at least one of an energizing input power, a charging rate, a wireless energy conversion efficiency, a maximum energy storage unit capacity, a maximum memory size, a supported waveform, a supported modulation, a supported coding scheme, a timing parameter, a clock calibration parameter, a quantity of rectifiers, a supported bandwidth, a supported band, a supported bandwidth part, a device type, a supported coding scheme, a full- duplex capability, a supported energy measurement, a supported energy reporting scheme, a maximum transmit power, or a relative position of the network node 506 and / or 508.

[0134] In some aspects, as shown by reference number 516, performing the energy session may include providing energy session configuration information to the network node 506 and / or 508. The energy session configuration information may configure the network node 506 and / or 508 to provide energy to another network node. For example, the energy session configuration information may configure the network node 506 to provide energy (e.g., to transmit an energy signal to) the network node 508. In some aspects, the energy session configuration information may include at least one energy session configuration parameter. The at least one energy session configuration parameter may indicate at least one of an energy signal, a waveform configuration, an energy measurement, or an energy measurement reporting format.

[0135] In some aspects, as shown by reference number 518, the network node 506 (and / or the network node 508) may provide, and the network node 502 (and / or the network node 506) may obtain, an energy session configuration request. The network node 502 (and / or the network node 506) may provide the energy session configuration information based on receiving the energy session configuration request.

[0136] As shown by reference number 520, performing the energy session may include transmitting an energy signal (e.g., from the network node 506 to the network node 508 and / or from the network node 502 to the network node 506). As shown by the reference number 522, performing the energy session may include obtaining one or more energy measurementsassociated with a network node. For example, the network node 502 may receive the one or more energy measurements from the network node 506. In some aspects, the network node 506 may obtain one or more energy measurements from the network node 508. The one or more energy measurements may be included in the energy information. In some aspects, performing the energy session may include obtaining an energy satisfaction computation result. For example, the energy satisfaction computation result may be based on the one or more measurements and may indicate whether the overall energy distribution associated with one or more network nodes and / or the network is satisfactory (e.g., satisfies a condition such as a threshold or target range).

[0137] As shown by reference number 524, the network node 502 may provide, and the network node 504 may obtain, an energy session response. The energy session response may include, for example, an indication of completion of the energy session, energy information, and / or any other information associated with the energy session request and / or the energy session.

[0138] As indicated above, Fig. 5 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Fig. 5.

[0139] Fig. 6A is a diagram of an example 600 associated with energy management, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 6A, multiple network nodes may communicate with one another. The multiple network nodes may include an EMF 602, a disaggregated base station (e.g., gNB) 604 including a CU 606 and a DU 608, a UE 610, and an A-IoT device 612.

[0140] As shown by reference number 614, one or more of the EMF 602, the CU 606, the DU 608, and the UE 610 may perform a network node selection. For example, the one or more of the EMF 602, the CU 606, the DU 608, and the UE 610 may perform the network node selection based on a selection parameter, as described above in connection with Fig. 5. As shown by reference number 616, the EMF 602 may provide, and the CU 606 may obtain, an EMF-RAN configuration. As shown by reference number 618, the EMF 602 may provide, and the A-IoT device 612 may obtain, an EMF-A-IoT configuration. As shown by reference number 620, the EMF 602 may provide, and the UE 610 may obtain, an EMF-UE configuration. For example, in some aspects, the EMF 602 may configure the selected network node 606, 608, and / or 610 to provide energy signals and may configure the A-IoT to obtain energy (using certain energy harvesting parameters and / or bands, among other examples), and / or other network devices such as Reconfigurable Intelligent surfaces (RIS) that can help in directing energy in an energy session.

[0141] The energy configuration parameters provided to the network nodes 608, 610, and / or 612 may include, for example, an energy signal to transmit and / or monitor, a waveformconfiguration (e.g., a waveform identification, a modulation, a bandwidth, a power and / or a sequence). In some aspects, the EMF 602 may request to configure UL or DL signals from the base station (e.g., gNB) 604, and it is up to the base station 604 to configure the network nodes 608, 610, and / or 612 nodes with over the air resource transmissions. As shown by reference number 622, the DU 608, the UE 610, and / or A-IoT device 612 may perform an energy session such as by, for example, transmitting energy signals and / or obtaining energy measurements. Energy Measurements may include, for example, charging levels, battery levels, and / or a charging success indicator, among other examples. As shown by reference number 624, the UE 610 may provide, and the EMF 602 may obtain, a UE measurement report and, as shown by reference number 626, the CU 606 may provide, and the EMF 602 may obtain a RAN node measurement report.

[0142] As indicated above, Fig. 6A is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Fig. 6A.

[0143] Fig. 6B is a diagram of an example 628 associated with energy management, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 6B, multiple network nodes may communicate with one another. The multiple network nodes may include an EMF 602, an energy management component (EMC) 630, and / or a network node 632 (e.g., a UE, a RAN network node, and / or an A-IoT device. For example, as described above in connection with Fig. 5, an EMF may include a core network component and a RAN network component. For example, the core network component may be referred to as the EMF 602 and the RAN network component may be referred to as the EMC 630.

[0144] As shown by reference number 634, the EMF 602 may provide, and the network node 632 may obtain, energy session configuration information. As shown by reference number 636, the network node 632 may provide, and the EMC 630 may obtain, energy information. In some aspects, as shown by reference number 638, the EMC 630 may perform an energy satisfaction computation and, as shown by reference number 640, may provide an energy report to the EMF 602. The energy report may include an energy satisfaction computation result and / or energy information, as described above in connection with Fig. 5.

[0145] In some aspects, implementing the EMC 630 may lead to efficiencies by reducing data transfer as a result of offloading computational functions of the EMF to the EMC 630. In some aspects, the EMF 602 may be implemented entirely in the RAN (e.g., the EMC 630). In other aspects, only parts of the EMF 602 functionalities may be implemented in the EMC 630, and the EMC 630 may communicate with the EMF 602 to achieve the full EMF 602 functionalities while optimizing data transfers in the network.

[0146] As indicated above, Fig. 6B is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Fig. 6B.

[0147] Fig. 6C is a diagram of an example 642 associated with energy management, in accordance with the present disclosure. As shown in Fig. 6B, multiple network nodes may communicate with one another. The multiple network nodes may include an AF 644, an EMF 602, and a Unified Data Management (UDM) network node 646. In some aspects, the UDM network node 646 may be replaced with any number of other types of network nodes that may be configured to provide subscription services. For example, in some aspects, an energy subscription network node may provide subscription services associated with energy sessions.

[0148] As shown by reference number 648, the AF 644 may provide, and the EMF 602 may obtain, an energy session request. As shown by reference number 650, the EMF 602 may provide, and the UDM 646 (or other energy subscription network node) may obtain, a subscription authorization request associated with the energy session request. As shown by reference number 652, the UDM 646 (or other energy subscription network node) may provide, and the EMF 602 may obtain, a subscription authorization response. In some aspects, for example, the subscription authorization response may indicate whether the energy session requested is authorized based on a subscription level associated with the AF 644. For example, in some aspects, only certain AFs may be authorized to use energy services (e.g., with certain A-IoT devices). In some aspects, the energy subscription network node may include and enforce device-specific policies and / or location-specific policies, among other examples.

[0149] As indicated above, Fig. 6C is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described with respect to Fig. 6C.

[0150] Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 700 is an example where the apparatus or the network node (e.g., network node 502) performs operations associated with energy management using an EMF.

[0151] As shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include obtaining an energy session request (block 710). For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1108 and / or reception component 1102, depicted in Fig. 11) may obtain an energy session request, as described above.

[0152] As further shown in Fig. 7, in some aspects, process 700 may include providing, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response (block 720). For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1108, reception component 1102, and / or transmission component 1104, depicted in Fig. 11) may provide, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response, as described above.

[0153] Process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0154] In a first aspect, obtaining the energy session request comprises obtaining the energy session request via an EMF at the first network node.

[0155] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the EMF comprises a core network component.

[0156] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the EMF comprises an RAN component.

[0157] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the EMF comprises only the RAN component.

[0158] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the RAN component communicates with a core network component of the EMF.

[0159] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the RAN component obtains, from a third network node, energy information associated with the third network node.

[0160] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the RAN component provides energy session information, based on the energy information, to a core network component.

[0161] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, providing the energy session response comprises providing the energy session response to an AF at the second network node.

[0162] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, process 700 includes performing the energy session in association with a third network node.

[0163] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, performing the energy session comprises obtaining energy information associated with the third network node.

[0164] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, the energy information indicates at least one of a charging rate or an energy distribution.

[0165] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, the energy information indicates one or more energy measurements.

[0166] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, obtaining the energy information comprises receiving an energy session reporting signal that indicates the energy information.

[0167] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirteenth aspects, the energy session reporting signal is associated with a higher-layer signaling protocol.

[0168] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourteenth aspects, the energy session reporting signal comprises at least one of an RRC message, a MAC CE, or DCI.

[0169] In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifteenth aspects, performing the energy session comprises facilitating a wireless charging task associated with the third network node.

[0170] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixteenth aspects, performing the energy session comprises communicating capability information.

[0171] In an eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventeenth aspects, performing the energy session comprises selecting the third network node.

[0172] In a nineteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighteenth aspects, selecting the third network node comprises selecting the third network node based on a selection parameter.

[0173] In a twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through nineteenth aspects, the selection parameter indicates at least one of a capability associated with the third network node, an availability of the third network node, a position associated with the third network node, an available power associated with the third network node, a position of at least one additional network node, or an available power associated with at least one additional network node.

[0174] In a twenty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twentieth aspects, the capability associated with the third network node comprises at least one of an energizing input power, a charging rate, a wireless energy conversion efficiency, a maximum energy storage unit capacity, a maximum memory size, a supported waveform, a supported modulation, a supported coding scheme, a timing parameter, a clock calibration parameter, a quantity of rectifiers, a supported bandwidth, a supported band, a supported bandwidth part, a device type, a supported coding scheme, a full-duplex capability, a supported energy measurement, a supported energy reporting scheme, a maximum transmit power, or a relative position.

[0175] In a twenty-second aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-first aspects, performing the energy session comprises providing energy session configuration information to the third network node.

[0176] In a twenty-third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-second aspects, the energy session configuration information configures the third network node to provide energy to a fourth network node.

[0177] In a twenty-fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-third aspects, the energy session configuration information comprises at least one energy session configuration parameter.

[0178] In a twenty-fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-fourth aspects, the at least one energy session configuration parameter indicates at least one of an energy signal, a waveform configuration, an energy measurement, or an energy measurement reporting format.

[0179] In a twenty-sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-fifth aspects, process 700 includes receiving, from the third network node, an energy session configuration request, wherein providing the energy session configuration information comprises providing the energy session configuration information based on receiving the energy session configuration request.

[0180] In a twenty-seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-sixth aspects, performing the energy session comprises transmitting an energy signal.

[0181] In a twenty-eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-seventh aspects, performing the energy session comprises obtaining one or more energy measurements associated with the third network node.

[0182] In a twenty-ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-eighth aspects, performing the energy session comprises obtaining an energy satisfaction computation result.

[0183] In a thirtieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-ninth aspects, performing the energy session comprises obtaining, from the third network node, energy session reporting information.

[0184] In a thirty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirtieth aspects, the third network node comprises a RAN network node, a UE, or an A-IoT device.

[0185] In a thirty-second aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirty-first aspects, the second network node comprises an external entity.

[0186] In a thirty-third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirty-second aspects, the second network node comprises at least one of a RAN network node, a UE, or an A-IoT device.

[0187] In a thirty-fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirty-third aspects, process 700 includes providing, to an energy subscription network node, a subscription authorization request associated with the energy session request, and obtaining, from the energy subscription network node, a subscription authorization response.

[0188] Although Fig. 7 shows example blocks of process 700, in some aspects, process 700 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 7. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 700 may be performed in parallel.

[0189] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 800 is an example where the apparatus or the network node (e.g., network node 504) performs operations associated with energy management using an EMF.

[0190] As shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include providing, to a second network node, an energy session request (block 810). For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1108 and / or transmission component 1104, depicted in Fig. 11) may provide, to a second network node, an energy session request, as described above.

[0191] As further shown in Fig. 8, in some aspects, process 800 may include obtaining, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response (block 820). For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1108 and / or reception component 1102, depicted in Fig. 11) may obtain, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response, as described above.

[0192] Process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0193] In a first aspect, providing the energy session request comprises providing the energy session request via an EMF at the first network node.

[0194] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the EMF comprises a core network component.

[0195] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the EMF comprises a RAN component.

[0196] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, the EMF comprises only the RAN component.

[0197] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the RAN component communicates with a core network component of the EMF.

[0198] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the RAN component is configured to obtain, from a third network node, energy information associated with the third network node.

[0199] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, the RAN component is configured to provide energy session information, based on the energy information, to a core network component.

[0200] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, obtaining the energy session response comprises obtaining the energy session response via an AF at the second network node.

[0201] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, the energy session is associated with a third network node. For example, the energy session may be associated with obtaining energy information associated with the third network node.

[0202] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, the energy information indicates at least one of a charging rate or an energy distribution.

[0203] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, the energy information indicates one or more energy measurements.

[0204] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, the energy session is associated with a wireless charging task associated with the third network node.

[0205] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, the energy session is associated with a communication of capability information.

[0206] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirteenth aspects, the energy session is associated with a transmission of an energy signal.

[0207] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourteenth aspects, the energy session is associated with one or more energy measurements associated with the third network node.

[0208] In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifteenth aspects, the energy session is associated with an energy satisfaction computation result.

[0209] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixteenth aspects, the second network node comprises an external entity.

[0210] In an eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventeenth aspects, the second network node comprises at least one of a RAN network node, a UE, or an A-IoT device.

[0211] Although Fig. 8 shows example blocks of process 800, in some aspects, process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 8. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 800 may be performed in parallel.

[0212] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 900 is an example where the apparatus or the network node (e.g., network node 502) performs operations associated with energy management using an EMF.

[0213] As shown in Fig. 9, in some aspects, process 900 may include providing, to a second network node, an energy session configuration (block 910). For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1108 and / or transmission component 1104, depicted in Fig. 11) may provide, to a second network node, an energy session configuration, as described above.

[0214] As further shown in Fig. 9, in some aspects, process 900 may include performing an energy session based on the energy session configuration (block 920). For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1108, reception component 1102, and / or transmission component 1104, depicted in Fig. 11) may perform an energy session based on the energy session configuration, as described above.

[0215] Process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0216] In a first aspect, performing the energy session comprises obtaining energy information associated with the second network node.

[0217] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the energy information indicates at least one of a charging rate or an energy distribution.

[0218] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the energy information indicates one or more energy measurements.

[0219] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, obtaining the energy information comprises receiving an energy session reporting signal that indicates the energy information.

[0220] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the energy session reporting signal is associated with a higher-layer signaling protocol.

[0221] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the energy session reporting signal comprises at least one of an RRC message, a MAC CE, or DCI.

[0222] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, performing the energy session comprises facilitating a wireless charging task associated with the second network node.

[0223] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, performing the energy session comprises communicating capability information.

[0224] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, performing the energy session comprises selecting the second network node.

[0225] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, selecting the second network node comprises selecting the second network node based on a selection parameter.

[0226] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, the selection parameter indicates at least one of a capability associated with the second network node, an availability of the second network node, a position associated with the second network node, an available power associated with the second network node, a position of at least one additional network node, or an available power associated with at least one additional network node.

[0227] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, the capability associated with the second network node comprises at least one of an energizing input power, a charging rate, a wireless energy conversion efficiency, a maximum energy storage unit capacity, a maximum memory size, a supported waveform, a supported modulation, a supported coding scheme, a timing parameter, a clock calibration parameter, a quantity of rectifiers, a supported bandwidth, a supported band, a supported bandwidth part, a device type, a supported coding scheme, a full-duplex capability, a supported energy measurement, a supported energy reporting scheme, a maximum transmit power, or a relative position.

[0228] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, performing the energy session comprises providing energy session configuration information to the second network node.

[0229] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirteenth aspects, the energy session configuration information configures the second network node to provide energy to a third network node.

[0230] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourteenth aspects, the energy session configuration information comprises at least one energy session configuration parameter.

[0231] In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifteenth aspects, the at least one energy session configuration parameter indicates at least one of an energy signal, a waveform configuration, an energy measurement, or an energy measurement reporting format.

[0232] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixteenth aspects, process 900 includes receiving, from the second network node, an energy session configuration request, wherein providing the energy session configuration information comprises providing the energy session configuration information based on receiving the energy session configuration request.

[0233] In an eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventeenth aspects, performing the energy session comprises transmitting an energy signal.

[0234] In a nineteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighteenth aspects, performing the energy session comprises obtaining one or more energy measurements associated with the second network node.

[0235] In a twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through nineteenth aspects, performing the energy session comprises obtaining an energy satisfaction computation result.

[0236] In a twenty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twentieth aspects, performing the energy session comprises obtaining, from the second network node, energy session reporting information.

[0237] In a twenty-second aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-first aspects, the second network node comprises a RAN network node, a UE, or an A-IoT device.

[0238] In a twenty-third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-second aspects, the first network node comprises an external entity.

[0239] In a twenty-fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-third aspects, the first network node comprises at least one of a RAN network node, a UE, or an A-IoT device.

[0240] In a twenty-fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-fourth aspects, process 900 includes obtaining, from a third network node, an energy session request, and providing, to the third network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0241] In a twenty-sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-fifth aspects, obtaining the energy session request comprises obtaining the energy session request via an EMF at the first network node.

[0242] In a twenty-seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-sixth aspects, the EMF comprises a core network component.

[0243] In a twenty-eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-seventh aspects, the EMF comprises a RAN component.

[0244] In a twenty-ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-eighth aspects, the EMF comprises only the RAN component.

[0245] In a thirtieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-ninth aspects, the RAN component communicates with a core network component of the EMF.

[0246] In a thirty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirtieth aspects, the RAN component obtains, from a third network node, energy information associated with the third network node.

[0247] In a thirty-second aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirty-first aspects, the RAN component provides energy session information, based on the energy information, to a core network component.

[0248] In a thirty-third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirty-second aspects, providing the energy session response comprises providing the energy session response to an application function (AF) at the third network node.

[0249] Although Fig. 9 shows example blocks of process 900, in some aspects, process 900 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 9. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 900 may be performed in parallel.

[0250] Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example process 1000 performed, for example, at a network node or an apparatus of a network node, in accordance with the present disclosure. Example process 1000 is an example where the apparatus or the network node (e.g., network node 506) performs operations associated with energy management using an EMF.

[0251] As shown in Fig. 10, in some aspects, process 1000 may include obtaining an energy session configuration (block 1010). For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1108 and / or reception component 1102, depicted in Fig. 11) may obtain an energy session configuration, as described above.

[0252] As further shown in Fig. 10, in some aspects, process 1000 may include performing an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration (block 1020). For example, the network node (e.g., using communication manager 1108, reception component 1102, and / or transmission component 1104, depicted in Fig. 11) may perform an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration, as described above.

[0253] Process 1000 may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below and / or in connection with one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

[0254] In a first aspect, performing the energy session comprises providing energy information associated with the first network node.

[0255] In a second aspect, alone or in combination with the first aspect, the energy information indicates at least one of a charging rate or an energy distribution.

[0256] In a third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first and second aspects, the energy information indicates one or more energy measurements.

[0257] In a fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through third aspects, providing the energy information comprises transmitting an energy session reporting signal that indicates the energy information.

[0258] In a fifth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourth aspects, the energy session reporting signal is associated with a higher-layer signaling protocol.

[0259] In a sixth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifth aspects, the energy session reporting signal comprises at least one of an RRC message, a MAC CE, or DCI.

[0260] In a seventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixth aspects, performing the energy session comprises facilitating a wireless charging task associated with the first network node.

[0261] In an eighth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventh aspects, performing the energy session comprises communicating capability information.

[0262] In a ninth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighth aspects, performing the energy session comprises obtaining an indication of a selection of the first network node.

[0263] In a tenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through ninth aspects, the selection of the first network node is based on a selection parameter.

[0264] In an eleventh aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through tenth aspects, the selection parameter indicates at least one of a capability associated with the first network node, an availability of the first network node, a position associated with the first network node, an available power associated with the first network node, a position of at least one additional network node, or an available power associated with at least one additional network node.

[0265] In a twelfth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eleventh aspects, the capability associated with the first network node comprises at least one ofan energizing input power, a charging rate, a wireless energy conversion efficiency, a maximum energy storage unit capacity, a maximum memory size, a supported waveform, a supported modulation, a supported coding scheme, a timing parameter, a clock calibration parameter, a quantity of rectifiers, a supported bandwidth, a supported band, a supported bandwidth part, a device type, a supported coding scheme, a full-duplex capability, a supported energy measurement, a supported energy reporting scheme, a maximum transmit power, or a relative position.

[0266] In a thirteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twelfth aspects, the energy session configuration comprises energy session configuration information.

[0267] In a fourteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through thirteenth aspects, the energy session configuration information configures the first network node to provide energy to a third network node.

[0268] In a fifteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fourteenth aspects, the energy session configuration information comprises at least one energy session configuration parameter.

[0269] In a sixteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through fifteenth aspects, the at least one energy session configuration parameter indicates at least one of an energy signal, a waveform configuration, an energy measurement, or an energy measurement reporting format.

[0270] In a seventeenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through sixteenth aspects, process 1000 includes providing, to the second network node, an energy session configuration request, wherein obtaining the energy session configuration information comprises obtaining the energy session configuration information based on the energy session configuration request.

[0271] In an eighteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through seventeenth aspects, performing the energy session comprises at least one of transmitting an energy signal or receiving an energy signal.

[0272] In a nineteenth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through eighteenth aspects, performing the energy session comprises providing one or more energy measurements associated with the first network node.

[0273] In a twentieth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through nineteenth aspects, performing the energy session comprises obtaining an energy satisfaction computation result.

[0274] In a twenty-first aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twentieth aspects, performing the energy session comprises providing, to the second network node, energy session reporting information.

[0275] In a twenty-second aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-first aspects, the second network node comprises a RAN network node, a UE, or an A-IoT device.

[0276] In a twenty-third aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-second aspects, the first network node comprises an external entity.

[0277] In a twenty-fourth aspect, alone or in combination with one or more of the first through twenty-third aspects, the first network node comprises at least one of a RAN network node, a UE, or an A-IoT device.

[0278] Although Fig. 10 shows example blocks of process 1000, in some aspects, process 1000 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks, different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted in Fig. 10. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of process 1000 may be performed in parallel.

[0279] Fig. 11 is a diagram of an example apparatus 1100 for wireless communication, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1100 may be a network node, or a network node may include the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 includes a reception component 1102 and a transmission component 1104, which may be in communication with one another (for example, via one or more buses and / or one or more other components). As shown, the apparatus 1100 may communicate with another apparatus 1106 (such as a UE, a base station, or another wireless communication device) using the reception component 1102 and the transmission component 1104. As further shown, the apparatus 1100 may include the communication manager 1108. The communication manager 1108 may include be, be similar to, include, or be included in, the communication manager 140 and / or the communication manager 150 depicted in Figs. 1 and 2. In some aspects, the communication manager 1108 may include the reception component 1102 and / or the transmission component 1104.

[0280] In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform one or more operations described herein in connection with Figs. 5-6C. Additionally, or alternatively, the apparatus 1100 may be configured to perform one or more processes described herein, such as process 700 of Fig. 7, process 800 of Fig. 8, process 900 of Fig. 9, process 1000 of Fig. 10, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, the apparatus 1100 and / or one or more components shown in Fig. 11 may include one or more components of the network node described in connection with Fig. 2. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components shown in Fig. 11 may be implemented within one or more components described in connection with Fig. 2.Additionally, or alternatively, one or more components of the set of components may be implemented at least in part as software stored in one or more memories. For example, a component (or a portion of a component) may be implemented as instructions or code stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium and executable by one or more controllers or one or more processors to perform the functions or operations of the component.

[0281] The reception component 1102 may receive communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, from the apparatus 1106. The reception component 1102 may provide received communications to one or more other components of the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the reception component 1102 may perform signal processing on the received communications (such as filtering, amplification, demodulation, analog-to-digital conversion, demultiplexing, deinterleaving, de-mapping, equalization, interference cancellation, or decoding, among other examples), and may provide the processed signals to the one or more other components of the apparatus 1100. In some aspects, the reception component 1102 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more demodulators, one or more MIMO detectors, one or more receive processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the network node described in connection with Fig. 2.

[0282] The transmission component 1104 may transmit communications, such as reference signals, control information, data communications, or a combination thereof, to the apparatus 1106. In some aspects, one or more other components of the apparatus 1100 may generate communications and may provide the generated communications to the transmission component 1104 for transmission to the apparatus 1106. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may perform signal processing on the generated communications (such as filtering, amplification, modulation, digital-to-analog conversion, multiplexing, interleaving, mapping, or encoding, among other examples), and may transmit the processed signals to the apparatus 1106. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may include one or more antennas, one or more modems, one or more modulators, one or more transmit MIMO processors, one or more transmit processors, one or more controllers / processors, one or more memories, or a combination thereof, of the network node described in connection with Fig. 2. In some aspects, the transmission component 1104 may be co-located with the reception component 1102 in one or more transceivers.

[0283] The communication manager 1108 and / or the reception component 1102 may obtain an energy session request. The communication manager 1108 and / or the transmission component 1104 may provide, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0284] The communication manager 1108, the reception component 1102, and / or the transmission component 1104 may perform the energy session in association with a third network node.

[0285] The communication manager 1108 and / or the reception component 1102 may receive, from the third network node, an energy session configuration request, wherein providing the energy session configuration information comprises providing the energy session configuration information based on receiving the energy session configuration request.

[0286] The communication manager 1108 and / or the transmission component 1104 may provide, to an energy subscription network node, a subscription authorization request associated with the energy session request.

[0287] The communication manager 1108 and / or the reception component 1102 may obtain, from the energy subscription network node, a subscription authorization response.

[0288] The communication manager 1108 and / or the transmission component 1104 may provide, to a second network node, an energy session request. The communication manager 1108 and / or the reception component 1102 may obtain, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0289] The communication manager 1108 and / or the transmission component 1104 may provide, to a second network node, an energy session configuration. The communication manager 1108, the reception component 1102, and / or the transmission component 1104 may perform an energy session based on the energy session configuration.

[0290] The reception component 1102 may receive, from the second network node, an energy session configuration request, wherein providing the energy session configuration information comprises providing the energy session configuration information based on receiving the energy session configuration request.

[0291] The communication manager 1108 and / or the reception component 1102 may obtain, from a third network node, an energy session request.

[0292] The communication manager 1108 and / or the transmission component 1104 may provide, to the third network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0293] The communication manager 1108 and / or the reception component 1102 may obtain an energy session configuration. The communication manager 1108, the reception component 1102, and / or the transmission component 1104 may perform an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration.

[0294] The communication manager 1108 and / or the transmission component 1104 may provide, to the second network node, an energy session configuration request, wherein obtainingthe energy session configuration information comprises obtaining the energy session configuration information based on the energy session configuration request.

[0295] The number and arrangement of components shown in Fig. 11 are provided as an example. In practice, there may be additional components, fewer components, different components, or differently arranged components than those shown in Fig. 11. Furthermore, two or more components shown in Fig. 11 may be implemented within a single component, or a single component shown in Fig. 11 may be implemented as multiple, distributed components. Additionally, or alternatively, a set of (one or more) components shown in Fig. 11 may perform one or more functions described as being performed by another set of components shown in Fig. 11.

[0296] Fig. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example 1200 of a hardware implementation for an apparatus 1205 employing a processing system 1210, in accordance with the present disclosure. The apparatus 1205 may be a network node or may be at (e.g., included in) a network node.

[0297] The processing system 1210 may be implemented with a bus architecture, represented generally by the bus 1215. The bus 1215 may include any number of interconnecting buses and bridges depending on the specific application of the processing system 1210 and the overall design constraints. The bus 1215 links together various circuits including one or more processors and / or hardware components, represented by the processor (or processing circuitry) 1220, the illustrated components, and the computer-readable medium / memory (or memory circuitry) 1225. The processor 1220 may include multiple processors, such as processor 1220a, processor 1220b, and processor 1220c. The memory 1225 may include multiple memories, such as memory 1225a, memory 1225b, and memory 1225c. The bus 1215 may also link various other circuits, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, and / or power management circuits.

[0298] The processing system 1210 may be coupled to one or more transceivers 1230. A transceiver 1230 is coupled to one or more antennas 1235. The transceiver 1230 provides a means for communicating with various other apparatuses over a transmission medium. The transceiver 1230 receives a signal from the one or more antennas 1235, extracts information from the received signal, and provides the extracted information to the processing system 1210, specifically the reception component 1102. In addition, the transceiver 1230 receives information from the processing system 1210, specifically the transmission component 1104, and generates a signal to be applied to the one or more antennas 1235 based at least in part on the received information.

[0299] The processing system 1210 includes one or more processors 1220 coupled to a computer-readable medium / memory 1225. A processor 1220 is responsible for general processing, including the execution of software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory 1225. The software, when executed by the processor 1220, causes the processing system 1210 to perform the various functions described herein for any particular apparatus. The computer-readable medium / memory 1225 may also be used for storing data that is manipulated by the processor 1220 when executing software. The processing system further includes at least one of the illustrated components. The components may be software modules running in the processor 1220, resident / stored in the computer readable medium / memory 1225, one or more hardware modules coupled to the processor 1220, or some combination thereof.

[0300] In some aspects, the processing system 1210 may be a component of the UE 120 and may include one or more memories, such as the memory 282, and / or may include one or more processors, such as at least one of the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. In some aspects, the apparatus 1205 for wireless communication includes means for obtaining an energy session configuration and performing an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 1100 and / or the processing system 1210 of the apparatus 1205 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. As described elsewhere herein, the processing system 1210 may include the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX MIMO processor 266, the RX processor 258, and / or the controller / processor 280 configured to perform the functions and / or operations recited herein.

[0301] In some aspects, the processing system 1210 may be a component of the base station 110 and may include one or more memories, such as the memory 242, and / or may include one or more processors, such as at least one of the TX MIMO processor 230, the RX processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240. In some aspects, the apparatus 1205 for wireless communication includes means for obtaining an energy session request; and providing, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response. In some aspects, the apparatus 1205 for wireless communication includes means for providing, to a second network node, an energy session request; and obtaining, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response. In some aspects, the apparatus 1205 for wireless communication includes means for providing, to a second network node, an energy session configuration and performing an energy session based on the energy session configuration. In some aspects, the apparatus 1205 for wireless communication includes means for obtaining an energy session configuration and performing an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration. The aforementioned means may be one or more of the aforementioned components of the apparatus 1100 and / or the processing system 1210 of the apparatus 1205 configured to perform the functions recited by the aforementioned means. Asdescribed elsewhere herein, the processing system 1210 may include the TX MIMO processor 230, the receive processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240. In one configuration, the aforementioned means may be the TX MIMO processor 230, the receive processor 238, and / or the controller / processor 240 configured to perform the functions and / or operations recited herein.

[0302] Fig. 12 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described in connection with Fig. 12.

[0303] Fig. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example 1300 of an implementation of code and circuitry for an apparatus 1305, in accordance with the present disclosure. The circuity may include processing circuitry and memory circuitry. The apparatus 1305 may be a network node, or a network node may include the apparatus 1305.

[0304] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include circuitry for obtaining an energy session request (circuitry 1320). For example, the circuitry 1320 may enable the apparatus 1305 to obtain an energy session request.

[0305] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1225, code for obtaining an energy session request (code 1325). For example, the code 1325, when executed by processor 1220, may cause processor 1220 to cause transceiver 1230 to obtain an energy session request.

[0306] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include circuitry for providing an energy session response (circuitry 1330). For example, the circuitry 1330 may enable the apparatus 1305 to provide, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0307] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1225, code for providing an energy session response (code 1335). For example, the code 1335, when executed by processor 1220, may cause processor 1220 to cause transceiver 1230 to provide, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0308] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include circuitry for providing an energy session request (circuitry 1340). For example, the circuitry 1340 may enable the apparatus 1305 to provide, to a second network node, an energy session request.

[0309] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1225, code for providing an energy session request (code 1345). For example, the code 1345, when executed by processor 1220, may cause processor 1220 to cause transceiver 1230 to provide, to a second network node, an energy session request.

[0310] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include circuitry for obtaining, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response(circuitry 1350). For example, the circuitry 1350 may enable the apparatus 1305 to obtain, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0311] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1225, code for obtaining an energy session response (code 1355). For example, the code 1355, when executed by processor 1220, may cause processor 1220 to cause transceiver 1230 to obtain, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0312] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include circuitry for providing an energy session configuration (circuitry 1360). For example, the circuitry 1360 may enable the apparatus 1305 to provide, to a second network node, an energy session configuration.

[0313] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1225, code for providing an energy session configuration (code 1365). For example, the code 1365, when executed by processor 1220, may cause processor 1220 to cause transceiver 1230 to provide, to a second network node, an energy session configuration.

[0314] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include circuitry for performing an energy session (circuitry 1370). For example, the circuitry 1370 may enable the apparatus 1305 to perform an energy session based on the energy session configuration.

[0315] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1225, code for performing an energy session (code 1375). For example, the code 1375, when executed by processor 1220, may cause processor 1220 to cause transceiver 1230 to perform an energy session based on the energy session configuration.

[0316] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include circuitry for obtaining an energy session configuration (circuitry 1380). For example, the circuitry 1380 may enable the apparatus 1305 to obtain an energy session configuration.

[0317] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1225, code for obtaining an energy session configuration (code 1385). For example, the code 1385, when executed by processor 1220, may cause processor 1220 to cause transceiver 1230 to obtain an energy session configuration.

[0318] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include circuitry for performing an energy session (circuitry 1370). For example, the circuitry 1370 may enable the apparatus 1305 to perform an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration.

[0319] As shown in Fig. 13, the apparatus 1305 may include, stored in computer-readable medium 1225, code for performing an energy session (code 1375). For example, the code 1375, when executed by processor 1220, may cause processor 1220 to cause transceiver 1230 toperform an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration.

[0320] Fig. 13 is provided as an example. Other examples may differ from what is described in connection with Fig. 13.

[0321] The following provides an overview of some Aspects of the present disclosure:

[0322] Aspect 1 : A method of wireless communication performed at an apparatus at a first network node, comprising: obtaining an energy session request; and providing, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0323] Aspect 2: The method of Aspect 1, wherein obtaining the energy session request comprises obtaining the energy session request via an energy management function (EMF) at the first network node.

[0324] Aspect 3 : The method of Aspect 2, wherein the EMF comprises a core network component.

[0325] Aspect 4: The method of either of Aspects 2 or 3, wherein the EMF comprises a radio access network (RAN) component.

[0326] Aspect 5 : The method of Aspect 4, wherein the EMF comprises only the RAN component.

[0327] Aspect 6: The method of Aspect 4, wherein the RAN component communicates with a core network component of the EMF.

[0328] Aspect 7 : The method of any of Aspects 4-6, wherein the RAN component obtains, from a third network node, energy information associated with the third network node.

[0329] Aspect 8: The method of Aspect 7, wherein the RAN component provides energy session information, based on the energy information, to a core network component.

[0330] Aspect 9: The method of any of Aspects 1-8, wherein providing the energy session response comprises providing the energy session response to an application function (AF) at the second network node.

[0331] Aspect 10: The method of any of Aspects 1-9, further comprising performing the energy session in association with a third network node.

[0332] Aspect 11 : The method of Aspect 10, wherein performing the energy session comprises obtaining energy information associated with the third network node.

[0333] Aspect 12: The method of Aspect 11, wherein the energy information indicates at least one of a charging rate or an energy distribution.

[0334] Aspect 13: The method of either of Aspects 11 or 12, wherein the energy information indicates one or more energy measurements.

[0335] Aspect 14: The method of any of Aspects 11-13, wherein obtaining the energy information comprises receiving an energy session reporting signal that indicates the energy information.

[0336] Aspect 15: The method of Aspect 14, wherein the energy session reporting signal is associated with a higher-layer signaling protocol.

[0337] Aspect 16: The method of either of claims 14 or 15, wherein the energy session reporting signal comprises at least one of a radio resource control (RRC) message, a medium access control control element (MAC CE), or downlink control information (DCI).

[0338] Aspect 17: The method of any of Aspects 10-16, wherein performing the energy session comprises facilitating a wireless charging task associated with the third network node.

[0339] Aspect 18: The method of any of Aspects 10-17, wherein performing the energy session comprises communicating capability information.

[0340] Aspect 19: The method of any of Aspects 10-18, wherein performing the energy session comprises selecting the third network node.

[0341] Aspect 20: The method of Aspect 19, wherein selecting the third network node comprises selecting the third network node based on a selection parameter.

[0342] Aspect 21 : The method of Aspect 20, wherein the selection parameter indicates at least one of a capability associated with the third network node, an availability of the third network node, a position associated with the third network node, an available power associated with the third network node, a position of at least one additional network node, or an available power associated with at least one additional network node.

[0343] Aspect 22: The method of Aspect 21, wherein the capability associated with the third network node comprises at least one of an energizing input power, a charging rate, a wireless energy conversion efficiency, a maximum energy storage unit capacity, a maximum memory size, a supported waveform, a supported modulation, a supported coding scheme, a timing parameter, a clock calibration parameter, a quantity of rectifiers, a supported bandwidth, a supported band, a supported bandwidth part, a device type, a supported coding scheme, a full- duplex capability, a supported energy measurement, a supported energy reporting scheme, a maximum transmit power, or a relative position.

[0344] Aspect 23: The method of any of Aspects 10-22, wherein performing the energy session comprises providing energy session configuration information to the third network node.

[0345] Aspect 24: The method of Aspect 23, wherein the energy session configuration information configures the third network node to provide energy to a fourth network node.

[0346] Aspect 25 : The method of either of claims 23 or 24, wherein the energy session configuration information comprises at least one energy session configuration parameter.

[0347] Aspect 26: The method of Aspect 25, wherein the at least one energy session configuration parameter indicates at least one of an energy signal, a waveform configuration, an energy measurement, or an energy measurement reporting format.

[0348] Aspect 27: The method of any of Aspects 23-26, further comprising receiving, from the third network node, an energy session configuration request, wherein providing the energy session configuration information comprises providing the energy session configuration information based on receiving the energy session configuration request.

[0349] Aspect 28: The method of any of Aspects 10-27, wherein performing the energy session comprises transmitting an energy signal.

[0350] Aspect 29: The method of any of Aspects 10-28, wherein performing the energy session comprises obtaining one or more energy measurements associated with the third network node.

[0351] Aspect 30: The method of any of Aspects 10-29, wherein performing the energy session comprises obtaining an energy satisfaction computation result.

[0352] Aspect 31 : The method of any of Aspects 10-30, wherein performing the energy session comprises obtaining, from the third network node, energy session reporting information.

[0353] Aspect 32: The method of any of Aspects 10-31, wherein the third network node comprises a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

[0354] Aspect 33: The method of any of Aspects 1-32, wherein the second network node comprises an external entity.

[0355] Aspect 34: The method of any of Aspects 1-32, wherein the second network node comprises at least one of a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

[0356] Aspect 35: The method of any of Aspects 1-34, further comprising: providing, to an energy subscription network node, a subscription authorization request associated with the energy session request; and obtaining, from the energy subscription network node, a subscription authorization response.

[0357] Aspect 36: A method of wireless communication performed at an apparatus at a first network node, comprising: providing, to a second network node, an energy session request; and obtaining, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0358] Aspect 37: The method of Aspect 36, wherein providing the energy session request comprises providing the energy session request via an energy management function (EMF) at the first network node.

[0359] Aspect 38: The method of Aspect 37, wherein the EMF comprises a core network component.

[0360] Aspect 39: The method of either of Aspects 37 or 38, wherein the EMF comprises a radio access network (RAN) component.

[0361] Aspect 40: The method of Aspect 39, wherein the EMF comprises only the RAN component.

[0362] Aspect 41 : The method of either of Aspects 39 or 40, wherein the RAN component communicates with a core network component of the EMF.

[0363] Aspect 42: The method of any of Aspects 39-41, wherein the RAN component is configured to obtain, from a third network node, energy information associated with the third network node.

[0364] Aspect 43 : The method of Aspect 42, wherein the RAN component is configured to provide energy session information, based on the energy information, to a core network component.

[0365] Aspect 44: The method of any of Aspects 36-43, wherein obtaining the energy session response comprises obtaining the energy session response via an application function (AF) at the second network node.

[0366] Aspect 45: The method of any of Aspects 36-44, wherein the energy session is associated with a third network node.

[0367] Aspect 46: The method of Aspect 45, the energy session is associated with obtaining energy information associated with the third network node.

[0368] Aspect 47: The method of Aspect 46, wherein the energy information indicates at least one of a charging rate or an energy distribution.

[0369] Aspect 48: The method of either of Aspects 46 or 47, wherein the energy information indicates one or more energy measurements.

[0370] Aspect 49: The method of any of Aspects 45-48, wherein the energy session is associated with a wireless charging task associated with the third network node.

[0371] Aspect 50: The method of any of Aspects 45-49, wherein the energy session is associated with a communication of capability information.

[0372] Aspect 51 : The method of any of Aspects 45-50, wherein the energy session is associated with a transmission of an energy signal.

[0373] Aspect 52: The method of any of Aspects 45-51, wherein the energy session is associated with one or more energy measurements associated with the third network node.

[0374] Aspect 53: The method of any of Aspects 45-52, wherein the energy session is associated with an energy satisfaction computation result.

[0375] Aspect 54: The method of any of Aspects 36-53, wherein the second network node comprises an external entity.

[0376] Aspect 55: The method of any of Aspects 36-54, wherein the second network node comprises at least one of a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

[0377] Aspect 56: A method of wireless communication performed at an apparatus at a first network node, comprising: providing, to a second network node, an energy session configuration; and performing an energy session based on the energy session configuration.

[0378] Aspect 57: The method of Aspect 56, wherein performing the energy session comprises obtaining energy information associated with the second network node.

[0379] Aspect 58: The method of Aspect 57, wherein the energy information indicates at least one of a charging rate or an energy distribution.

[0380] Aspect 59: The method of either of Aspects 57 or 58, wherein the energy information indicates one or more energy measurements.

[0381] Aspect 60: The method of any of Aspects 57-59, wherein obtaining the energy information comprises receiving an energy session reporting signal that indicates the energy information.

[0382] Aspect 61: The method of Aspect 60, wherein the energy session reporting signal is associated with a higher-layer signaling protocol.

[0383] Aspect 62: The method of either of claims 60 or 61, wherein the energy session reporting signal comprises at least one of a radio resource control (RRC) message, a medium access control control element (MAC CE), or downlink control information (DCI).

[0384] Aspect 63: The method of any of Aspects 56-62, wherein performing the energy session comprises facilitating a wireless charging task associated with the second network node.

[0385] Aspect 64: The method of any of Aspects 56-63, wherein performing the energy session comprises communicating capability information.

[0386] Aspect 65: The method of any of Aspects 56-64, wherein performing the energy session comprises selecting the second network node.

[0387] Aspect 66: The method of Aspect 65, wherein selecting the second network node comprises selecting the second network node based on a selection parameter.

[0388] Aspect 67 : The method of Aspect 66, wherein the selection parameter indicates at least one of a capability associated with the second network node, an availability of the second network node, a position associated with the second network node, an available power associated with the second network node, a position of at least one additional network node, or an available power associated with at least one additional network node.

[0389] Aspect 68: The method of Aspect 67, wherein the capability associated with the second network node comprises at least one of an energizing input power, a charging rate, a wireless energy conversion efficiency, a maximum energy storage unit capacity, a maximum memory size, a supported waveform, a supported modulation, a supported coding scheme, a timing parameter, a clock calibration parameter, a quantity of rectifiers, a supported bandwidth, a supported band, a supported bandwidth part, a device type, a supported coding scheme, a full- duplex capability, a supported energy measurement, a supported energy reporting scheme, a maximum transmit power, or a relative position.

[0390] Aspect 69: The method of any of Aspects 56-68, wherein performing the energy session comprises providing energy session configuration information to the second network node.

[0391] Aspect 70: The method of Aspect 69, wherein the energy session configuration information configures the second network node to provide energy to a third network node.

[0392] Aspect 71: The method of either of claims 69 or 70, wherein the energy session configuration information comprises at least one energy session configuration parameter.

[0393] Aspect 72: The method of Aspect 71, wherein the at least one energy session configuration parameter indicates at least one of an energy signal, a waveform configuration, an energy measurement, or an energy measurement reporting format.

[0394] Aspect 73: The method of any of Aspects 69-72, further comprising receiving, from the second network node, an energy session configuration request, wherein providing the energy session configuration information comprises providing the energy session configuration information based on receiving the energy session configuration request.

[0395] Aspect 74: The method of any of Aspects 56-73, wherein performing the energy session comprises transmitting an energy signal.

[0396] Aspect 75: The method of any of Aspects 56-74, wherein performing the energy session comprises obtaining one or more energy measurements associated with the second network node.

[0397] Aspect 76: The method of any of Aspects 56-75, wherein performing the energy session comprises obtaining an energy satisfaction computation result.

[0398] Aspect 77: The method of any of Aspects 56-76, wherein performing the energy session comprises obtaining, from the second network node, energy session reporting information.

[0399] Aspect 78: The method of any of Aspects 56-77, wherein the second network node comprises a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

[0400] Aspect 79: The method of any of Aspects 56-78, wherein the first network node comprises an external entity.

[0401] Aspect 80: The method of any of Aspects 56-79, wherein the first network node comprises at least one of a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

[0402] Aspect 81: The method of any of Aspects 56-80, further comprising: obtaining, from a third network node, an energy session request; and providing, to the third network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

[0403] Aspect 82: The method of Aspect 81, wherein obtaining the energy session request comprises obtaining the energy session request via an energy management function (EMF) at the first network node.

[0404] Aspect 83: The method of Aspect 82, wherein the EMF comprises a core network component.

[0405] Aspect 84: The method of either of Aspects 82 or 83, wherein the EMF comprises a radio access network (RAN) component.

[0406] Aspect 85: The method of Aspect 84, wherein the EMF comprises only the RAN component.

[0407] Aspect 86: The method of either of Aspects 84 or 85, wherein the RAN component communicates with a core network component of the EMF.

[0408] Aspect 87: The method of any of Aspects 84-86, wherein the RAN component obtains, from a third network node, energy information associated with the third network node.

[0409] Aspect 88: The method of Aspect 87, wherein the RAN component provides energy session information, based on the energy information, to a core network component.

[0410] Aspect 89: The method of any of Aspects 81-88, wherein providing the energy session response comprises providing the energy session response to an application function (AF) at the third network node.

[0411] Aspect 90: A method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus at a first network node, comprising: obtaining an energy session configuration; and performing an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration.

[0412] Aspect 91 : The method of Aspect 90, wherein performing the energy session comprises providing energy information associated with the first network node.

[0413] Aspect 92: The method of Aspect 91, wherein the energy information indicates at least one of a charging rate or an energy distribution.

[0414] Aspect 93: The method of either of Aspects 91 or 92, wherein the energy information indicates one or more energy measurements.

[0415] Aspect 94: The method of any of Aspects 91-93, wherein providing the energy information comprises transmitting an energy session reporting signal that indicates the energy information.

[0416] Aspect 95: The method of Aspect 94, wherein the energy session reporting signal is associated with a higher-layer signaling protocol.

[0417] Aspect 96: The method of either of claims 94 or 95, wherein the energy session reporting signal comprises at least one of a radio resource control (RRC) message, a medium access control control element (MAC CE), or downlink control information (DCI).

[0418] Aspect 97: The method of any of Aspects 90-96, wherein performing the energy session comprises facilitating a wireless charging task associated with the first network node.

[0419] Aspect 98: The method of any of Aspects 90-97, wherein performing the energy session comprises communicating capability information.

[0420] Aspect 99: The method of any of Aspects 90-98, wherein performing the energy session comprises obtaining an indication of a selection of the first network node.

[0421] Aspect 100: The method of Aspect 99, wherein the selection of the first network node is based on a selection parameter.

[0422] Aspect 101: The method of Aspect 100, wherein the selection parameter indicates at least one of a capability associated with the first network node, an availability of the first network node, a position associated with the first network node, an available power associated with the first network node, a position of at least one additional network node, or an available power associated with at least one additional network node.

[0423] Aspect 102: The method of Aspect 101, wherein the capability associated with the first network node comprises at least one of an energizing input power, a charging rate, a wireless energy conversion efficiency, a maximum energy storage unit capacity, a maximum memory size, a supported waveform, a supported modulation, a supported coding scheme, a timing parameter, a clock calibration parameter, a quantity of rectifiers, a supported bandwidth, a supported band, a supported bandwidth part, a device type, a supported coding scheme, a full- duplex capability, a supported energy measurement, a supported energy reporting scheme, a maximum transmit power, or a relative position.

[0424] Aspect 103: The method of any of Aspects 90-102, wherein the energy session configuration comprises energy session configuration information.

[0425] Aspect 104: The method of Aspect 103, wherein the energy session configuration information configures the first network node to provide energy to a third network node.

[0426] Aspect 105: The method of either of claims 103 or 104, wherein the energy session configuration information comprises at least one energy session configuration parameter.

[0427] Aspect 106: The method of Aspect 105, wherein the at least one energy session configuration parameter indicates at least one of an energy signal, a waveform configuration, an energy measurement, or an energy measurement reporting format.

[0428] Aspect 107: The method of any of Aspects 103-106, further comprising providing, to the second network node, an energy session configuration request, wherein obtaining the energy session configuration information comprises obtaining the energy session configuration information based on the energy session configuration request.

[0429] Aspect 108: The method of any of Aspects 90-107, wherein performing the energy session comprises at least one of transmitting an energy signal or receiving an energy signal.

[0430] Aspect 109: The method of any of Aspects 90-108, wherein performing the energy session comprises providing one or more energy measurements associated with the first network node.

[0431] Aspect 110: The method of any of Aspects 90-109, wherein performing the energy session comprises obtaining an energy satisfaction computation result.

[0432] Aspect 111: The method of any of Aspects 90-110, wherein performing the energy session comprises providing, to the second network node, energy session reporting information.

[0433] Aspect 112: The method of any of Aspects 90-111, wherein the second network node comprises a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

[0434] Aspect 113: The method of any of Aspects 90-112, wherein the first network node comprises an external entity.

[0435] Aspect 114: The method of any of Aspects 90-113, wherein the first network node comprises at least one of a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

[0436] Aspect 115: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-35.

[0437] Aspect 116: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-35.

[0438] Aspect 117: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 1-35.

[0439] Aspect 118: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-35.

[0440] Aspect 119: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-35.

[0441] Aspect 120: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-35.

[0442] Aspect 121 : An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-35.

[0443] Aspect 122: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 36-55.

[0444] Aspect 123: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 36-55.

[0445] Aspect 124: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 36-55.

[0446] Aspect 125: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 36-55.

[0447] Aspect 126: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 36-55.

[0448] Aspect 127: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 36-55.

[0449] Aspect 128: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 36-55.

[0450] Aspect 129: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 56-89.

[0451] Aspect 130: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 56-89.

[0452] Aspect 131 : An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 56-89.

[0453] Aspect 132: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 56-89.

[0454] Aspect 133: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 56-89.

[0455] Aspect 134: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 56-89.

[0456] Aspect 135: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 56-89.

[0457] Aspect 136: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more processors; one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors; and instructions stored in the one or more memories and executable by the one or more processors to cause the apparatus to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 90- 114.

[0458] Aspect 137: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or morememories, the one or more processors configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 90-114.

[0459] Aspect 138: An apparatus for wireless communication, the apparatus comprising at least one means for performing the method of one or more of Aspects 90-114.

[0460] Aspect 139: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, the code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 90-114.

[0461] Aspect 140: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 90-114.

[0462] Aspect 141: A device for wireless communication, the device comprising a processing system that includes one or more processors and one or more memories coupled with the one or more processors, the processing system configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 90-114.

[0463] Aspect 142: An apparatus for wireless communication at a device, the apparatus comprising one or more memories and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors individually or collectively configured to cause the device to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 90-114.

[0464] Aspect 143: An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, comprising: a processing system that includes processor circuitry and memory circuitry that stores code and is coupled with the processor circuitry, the processing system configured to cause the network node to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 1-35.

[0465] Aspect 144: An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, comprising: a processing system that includes processor circuitry and memory circuitry that stores code and is coupled with the processor circuitry, the processing system configured to cause the network node to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 36-55.

[0466] Aspect 145: An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, comprising: a processing system that includes processor circuitry and memory circuitry that stores code and is coupled with the processor circuitry, the processing system configured to cause the network node to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 56-89.

[0467] Aspect 146: An apparatus for wireless communication at a network node, comprising: a processing system that includes processor circuitry and memory circuitry that stores code and is coupled with the processor circuitry, the processing system configured to cause the network node to perform the method of one or more of Aspects 90-114.

[0468] The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the precise forms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.

[0469] As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construed as hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. “Software” shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. As used herein, a “processor” is implemented in hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. It will be apparent that systems and / or methods described herein may be implemented in different forms of hardware and / or a combination of hardware and software. The actual specialized control hardware or software code used to implement these systems and / or methods is not limiting of the aspects. Thus, the operation and behavior of the systems and / or methods are described herein without reference to specific software code, since those skilled in the art will understand that software and hardware can be designed to implement the systems and / or methods based, at least in part, on the description herein.

[0470] The hardware and data processing apparatus used to implement the various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose single- or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor also may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some aspects, particular processes and methods may be performed by circuitry that is specific to a given function.

[0471] As used herein, “satisfying a threshold” may, depending on the context, refer to a value being greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, or the like.

[0472] Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure ofvarious aspects. Many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and / or disclosed in the specification. The disclosure of various aspects includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set. As used herein, a phrase referring to “at least one of’ a list of items refers to any combination of those items, including single members. As an example, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover a, b, c, a + b, a + c, b + c, and a + b + c, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., a + a, a + a + a, a + a + b, a + a + c, a + b + b, a + c + c, b + b, b + b + b, b + b + c, c + c, and c + c + c, or any other ordering of a, b, and c).

[0473] No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one or more items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may be used interchangeably with “the one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms that do not limit an element that they modify (e.g., an element “having” A may also have B). Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Also, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive when used in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and / or,” unless explicitly stated otherwise (e.g., if used in combination with “either” or “only one of’).

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A first network node for wireless communication, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the first network node to: obtain an energy session request; and provide, to a second network node and based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

2. The first network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors, to cause the first network node to obtain the energy session request, are configured to cause the first network node to obtain the energy session request via an energy management function (EMF) at the first network node.

3. The first network node of claim 2, wherein the EMF comprises a core network component.

4. The first network node of claim 2, wherein the EMF comprises a radio access network (RAN) component.

5. The first network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors, to cause the first network node to provide the energy session response, are configured to cause the first network node to provide the energy session response to an application function (AF) at the second network node.

6. The first network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the first network node to perform the energy session in association with a third network node.

7. The first network node of claim 6, wherein the one or more processors, to cause the first network node to perform the energy session, are configured to cause the first network node to obtain energy information associated with the third network node, facilitate a wireless charging task associated with the third network node, communicate capability information, select the third network node, provide energy session configuration information to the third network node, transmit an energy signal, obtain one or more energy measurements associated with the thirdnetwork node, obtain an energy satisfaction computation result, or obtain, from the third network node, energy session reporting information.

8. The first network node of claim 7, wherein the energy session configuration information configures the third network node to provide energy to a fourth network node.

9. The first network node of claim 6, wherein the third network node comprises a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

10. The first network node of claim 1, wherein the second network node comprises at least one of an external entity, a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

11. The first network node of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the first network node to: provide, to an energy subscription network node, a subscription authorization request associated with the energy session request; and obtain, from the energy subscription network node, a subscription authorization response.

12. A first network node for wireless communication, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the first network node to: provide, to a second network node, an energy session request; and obtain, based on an energy session corresponding to the energy session request, an energy session response.

13. A first network node for wireless communication, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the first network node to: provide, to a second network node, an energy session configuration; and perform an energy session based on the energy session configuration.

14. The first network node of claim 13, wherein the one or more processors, to cause the first network node to perform the energy session, are configured to cause the first network node to obtain energy information associated with the second network node, facilitate a wireless charging task associated with the second network node, communicate capability information, select the second network node, provide energy session configuration information to the second network node, transmit an energy signal, obtain one or more energy measurements associated with the second network node, obtain an energy satisfaction computation result, or obtain, from the second network node, energy session reporting information.

15. The first network node of claim 14, wherein the energy information indicates at least one of a charging rate, an energy distribution, or an energy measurement.

16. The first network node of claim 15, wherein the one or more processors, to cause the first network node to select the second network node, are configured to cause the first network node to select the second network node based on a selection parameter, wherein the selection parameter indicates at least one of a capability associated with the second network node, an availability of the second network node, a position associated with the second network node, an available power associated with the second network node, a position of at least one additional network node, or an available power associated with at least one additional network node.

17. The first network node of claim 16, wherein the energy session configuration information comprises at least one energy session configuration parameter, and wherein the at least one energy session configuration parameter indicates at least one of an energy signal, a waveform configuration, an energy measurement, or an energy measurement reporting format.

18. The first network node of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the first network node to receive, from the second network node, an energy session configuration request, wherein the one or more processors, to cause the first network node to provide the energy session configuration information, are configured to cause the first network node to provide energy session configuration information based on receiving the energy session configuration request.

19. The first network node of claim 13, wherein the second network node comprises a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

20. The first network node of claim 13, wherein the first network node comprises an external entity.

21. The first network node of claim 13, wherein the first network node comprises at least one of an external entity, a radio access network (RAN) network node, a user equipment (UE), or an ambient intemet-of-things (loT) device.

22. A first network node for wireless communication, comprising: one or more memories; and one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to cause the first network node to: obtain an energy session configuration; and perform an energy session in association with a second network node and based on the energy session configuration.

23. The first network node of claim 22, wherein the one or more processors, to cause the first network node to perform the energy session, are configured to cause the first network node to provide energy information associated with the first network node, facilitate a wireless charging task associated with the first network node, communicate capability information, obtain an indication of a selection of the first network node, transmit an energy signal, receive an energy signal, obtain one or more energy measurements associated with the first network node, obtain an energy satisfaction computation result, or provide, to the second network node, energy session reporting information.

24. The first network node of claim 23, wherein the selection of the first network node is based on a selection parameter, wherein the selection parameter indicates at least one of a capability associated with the second network node, an availability of the second network node, a position associated with the second network node, an available power associated with the second network node, a position of at least one additional network node, or an available power associated with at least one additional network node.

25. The first network node of claim 24, wherein the capability associated with the second network node comprises at least one of an energizing input power, a charging rate, a wireless energy conversion efficiency, a maximum energy storage unit capacity, a maximum memory size, a supported waveform, a supported modulation, a supported coding scheme, a timing parameter, a clock calibration parameter, a quantity of rectifiers, a supported bandwidth, a supported band, a supported bandwidth part, a device type, a supported coding scheme, a full-duplex capability, a supported energy measurement, a supported energy reporting scheme, a maximum transmit power, or a relative position.

26. The first network node of claim 22, wherein the energy session configuration comprises energy session configuration information.

27. The first network node of claim 26, wherein the energy session configuration information configures the first network node to provide energy to a third network node.

28. The first network node of claim 26, wherein the energy session configuration information comprises at least one energy session configuration parameter.

29. The first network node of claim 28, wherein the at least one energy session configuration parameter indicates at least one of an energy signal, a waveform configuration, an energy measurement, or an energy measurement reporting format.

30. The first network node of claim 26, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to cause the first network node to provide, to the second network node, an energy session configuration request, and wherein the one or more processors, to obtain the energy session configuration information, are configured to cause the first network node to obtain the energy session configuration information based on the energy session configuration request.

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