Automation controlled extrusion machine

Abstract

The invention relates to an extrusion machine that ensures homogeneous melting and eliminates all disadvantages by intervening in the system in the event of a malfunction.

Description

[0001] AUTOMATION CONTROLLED EXTRUSION MACHINE

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The invention relates to an extrusion machine that ensures homogeneous melting and eliminates all disadvantages by intervening in the system in the event of a malfunction.

[0004] State of the Art

[0005] The extrusion process is used for the production of shaped polymer parts such as profiles, films, sheets, plates, wire coatings, pipes and tubes, and the preparation of polymer semiproducts (granular raw materials) including additives such as fillers / additives, plasticizers, mold release agents, aging retarders, flame retardants, colorants, foaming agents, cross linkers, UV, viscosity enhancers and surface hardeners. In addition, it is a process used in the recycling of waste plastics. In the process, polymer particles are first introduced into the extruder barrel via the feed hopper. The screw carries these particles forward, melts them, homogenizes (mixes) them, increases pressure, and drives them through the mold in the extruder head to form various products. The shape of the product depends on the cross- sectional geometry of the mold. By the extrusion method, products such as cables, rods, tubes, pipes, profile pipes in different shapes, films, sheets, and fibers can be produced. The extrusion sleeve is heated externally by electric heaters. If the temperature rises too much due to friction during the flow of the polymer, the liner is cooled. The rotational speed of the screw and the temperature distribution in the liner are the main operating variables. The length-to-diameter ratio of the screw, the winding angle, the number of windings, and the height of the windings from the surface are the characteristics of the product.

[0006] Usually, the length-to-diameter ratio is 24: 1 and the winding angle is around 17.60°. The winding height is variable along the screw. Close to the feed hopper, the gap between the liner and the screw is large, and this distance decreases towards the extruder head. This ensures the required pressure in the front head. Some extruders use double screws. The pressure increases towards the outlet in the zones and reaches its maximum level at the outlet.

[0007] Figures

[0008] Figure 1 : General view of the extruder

[0009] Figure 2: Top view of the extruder

[0010] Figure 3 : Side section view of the extruder Figure 4: Screw

[0011] Figure 5: Detailed side-section view of the extruder

[0012] Figure 6: Detailed perspective view of the extruder section

[0013] 1. Feed hopper

[0014] 2. Engine

[0015] 3. Screw

[0016] 4. Sleeve

[0017] 5. Feed Zone

[0018] 6. Compression Zone

[0019] 7. Measurement Zone

[0020] 8. Load Cell

[0021] 9. Thermocouple

[0022] 10. Wireless Communication Unit (data transmitter)

[0023] 11. Computer

[0024] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0025] The invention relates to an extrusion machine that provides homogeneous melting during the extrusion process, eliminates all disadvantages by intervening in the system in the event of a negative situation, and is developed to bring additional advantages to the relevant technical field. The primary objective of the invention is to provide system self-control for a fault-free and homogeneous product during thermoplastic material and composite extrusion.

[0026] Figure 1 shows an extrusion machine in general. Polymer particles from the feed hopper (1) are put into the extruder sleeve (4). The screw (3) rotated by the motor (2) moves these particles forward, melts them, homogenizes (mixes) them, increases pressure, and drives them through the mold in the extruder head to form various products.

[0027] The extrusion machine of the invention, in contrast to the present system, has at least three load cells (8). Each of the load cells is connected to a thermocouple (9). The load cells (8) can measure torsion-cutting forces up to 450°C and transmit the data to the data transmitter via wireless data transfer. The first load cell is located in the feed zone (5) closest to the hopper. The feed zone (5) delivers the cold polymer from the feed hopper (1) to the compression zone (6). The second load cell (8) is located in the compression zone (6). The polymer is melted and transferred to the measurement zone (7) in the compression zone (6). The third load cell (8) is located in the measurement zone (7). The measurement zone (7), similar to a measurement pump, distributes the molten plastic material into the mold based on volume and pressure.

[0028] Utilizing the melting of polymer material in the system from force distributions by evaluating the data in fuzzy logic with the help of software, and the correlation of the conditions required during homogeneous mixing and extruder exit with the force values obtained, the development of a full-time automatic controlled polymer extrusion system is realized by adjusting the regional temperatures by increasing or decreasing the current and / or voltage values of the temperatures of the zones with the assistance of computer (11) and adjusting the polymer dough in the zones by playing rapidly depending on the conditions (automation).

Claims

CLAIMS1. An extrusion machine, characterized in comprising at least three load cells (8), each connected to a thermocouple (9), the first of the said load cells (8) being located in the feed zone (5), which delivers the polymer received cold from the feed hopper (1) to the compression zone (6), the second load cell (8) being in the compression zone (6) where the polymer is melted and delivered to the measurement zone (7); and the third load cell (8) being in the measurement zone (7) that distributes the molten plastic material into the mold depending on the volume and pressure.

2. The extrusion machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises at least one measurement pump in the measurement zone (7).

3. The extrusion machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that said load cells (8) are structured for transmitting data to communication unit (10) via wireless data transfer.

4. The extrusion machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that regional temperatures are adjusted with a computer (11).

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