Intelligent low-voltage power distribution system

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-channel 12 V platform output power supply configuration system. Positive and negative electrodes of a 12 V battery are directly connected to positive and negative electrodes of a 12 V power distribution box, and multiple 12 V power supply channels are divided by means of connecting Mosfet circuits in parallel. Hardware can share a central control chip, a communication interface, a signal acquisition circuit, etc., and mechanically share a shell, thereby reducing the cost and weight, moreover, a plurality of external battery wiring harness connections are reduced, and an integrated 12 V power supply is realized. The present invention solves the problems of high cost, heavy weight, complex wiring harness connection, and inconvenient layout in a vehicle of two battery packs in the prior art, and achieves the technical effects such as cost and weight reduction by means of integration, and battery protection.

Description

An intelligent low-voltage power distribution system Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an integrated DC intelligent low-voltage power distribution system with dual 12V platform outputs (12V), and in particular to the power supply field for high-level autonomous driving in the field of new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] Existing new energy vehicles only have one 12V power supply for the low-voltage load side. However, with the increasing intelligence of vehicles and more complex power supply energy consumption requirements, the safety of the vehicle's voltage power supply system has become more prominent. Most of the problems with the 12V power supply are caused by the following: 1. Short circuit of components in the 12V power supply network, causing the fuse to burn out; 2. Battery aging and insufficient power supply, preventing the vehicle from starting; 3. Excessive charging current damages the battery; 4. Intelligent driving modules require high stability of the 12V power supply; 5. The existing low-voltage distribution box has a single function and lacks the ability to stabilize the output voltage and manage the battery.

[0003] The existing solution uses dual batteries and more fuses, which will increase the cost and complexity of integrating the vehicle's 12V network. It is costly, heavy, has complex wiring harness connections, and is inconvenient to arrange in the vehicle. This application not only directly integrates the functions of the BMS but is also compatible with the regulated output function of 12VDCDC. In addition, the use of a central controller can save additional controller costs. By combining the current monitoring and Mosfet circuits, the function of the electronic e-fuse is realized, and the existing physical fuse can be eliminated. The low-voltage distribution box is directly connected to the battery using a pin connection, and no additional wiring harness is required to connect the battery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above technical defects, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent low-voltage power distribution system, including: a 12V battery, a first charge and discharge circuit, a shunt device, and a central control unit. The input end of the battery is connected to the first charge and discharge circuit, the first charge and discharge circuit is connected to the input end of the shunt device, and the output end of the shunt device is respectively connected in parallel to multiple 12V power supply circuits. The central control unit is communicatively connected to a CAN communication module, multiple 12V power supply circuits, a charging current limiting module, a DC voltage stabilizing output module, a first charge and discharge circuit and a 12V battery acquisition module; the shunt device is used to divide the current output by the 12V battery into multiple paths; the multiple 12V power supply circuits are used to provide multiple 12V outputs power supply; the first charge and discharge circuit is used to control the charge and discharge of the 12V battery; the charging current limiting module is used to dynamically adjust the current and voltage of the battery output; the DC voltage stabilizing output module is used to dynamically adjust the multi-channel 12V power supply voltage; the 12V battery acquisition module is used to collect battery information; the central control unit controls the charge and discharge of multiple 12V output power supplies; the central control unit protects the battery by cutting off the charge and discharge switch of the first charge and discharge circuit according to the battery information collected by the 12V battery acquisition module; the central control unit controls the charging current limiting module to ensure stable charging of the battery; the central control unit controls the DC voltage stabilizing output module to ensure multi-channel 12V output power supply.

[0005] Furthermore, the multi-channel 12V power supply circuit specifically includes three 12V power supply circuits, the first 12V power supply circuit supplies power to the body domain 12V network, the second 12V power supply circuit supplies power to the power domain 12V network, and the third 12V power supply circuit supplies power to the intelligent driving domain 12V network; the first 12V power supply circuit includes a first discharge circuit, the second 12V power supply circuit includes a second charge and discharge circuit, and the third 12V power supply circuit includes a second discharge circuit.

[0006] Furthermore, the first 12V power supply circuit also includes a first drive circuit, the first discharge circuit is connected to the first drive circuit through a Mosfet, the second 12V power supply circuit also includes a second drive circuit, the second charge and discharge circuit is connected to the second drive circuit through two Mosfets in parallel, the third 12V power supply circuit also includes a third drive circuit, the second discharge circuit is connected to the third drive circuit through a Mosfet; the first charge and discharge circuit is connected to the fourth drive circuit through two Mosfets in parallel, and the central control module controls the charging switch and the discharging switch through the Mosfet, thereby controlling the charging and discharging of the first charge and discharge circuit, the first discharge circuit, the second charge and discharge circuit, and the second discharge circuit.

[0007] Furthermore, the DC voltage stabilization output module includes a first filtering circuit, a first boost / buck circuit and a fifth drive circuit; the charging current limiting module includes a second filtering circuit, a second boost / buck circuit and a sixth drive circuit.

[0008] Furthermore, the 12V battery acquisition module is also connected to the current shunt resistor Shunt. The 12V battery acquisition module is used to collect information of the 12V battery, including: a cell voltage acquisition module for collecting the voltage of a single cell of the battery, a total voltage acquisition module for collecting the total voltage of the battery, a temperature acquisition module for collecting the temperature of the battery and the temperature of the current shunt resistor Shunt, a cell balancing module for balancing a single cell, and the current shunt resistor Shunt is used to detect the output current of the battery.

[0009] Furthermore, the 12V battery acquisition module is connected to the central control module via an SPI line, and the central control module controls the 12V battery acquisition module via SPI.

[0010] Furthermore, the battery collection module is also connected to the system's own current consumption collection module to collect the current of the intelligent low-voltage power distribution system itself.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes an internal 5V auxiliary circuit for providing power to the central control unit, various modules, and various circuits of the intelligent low-voltage power distribution system, which is connected to the central control unit.

[0012] Furthermore, the internal 5V auxiliary circuit is also connected to the PMIC, which is responsible for power supply and power consumption management of the intelligent low-voltage power distribution system itself. The PMIC is connected to a 12V battery or an external 12V power supply. The PMIC generates a 5V power supply through its own voltage regulator module and supplies it to the internal 5V working circuit.

[0013] Furthermore, the first discharge circuit is also connected to a first current detection module, the second charge and discharge circuit is also connected to a second current detection module, and the second discharge circuit is also connected to a third current detection module. The first current detection module, the second current detection module and the third current detection module are used to detect current and feed it back to the central control unit.

[0014] Furthermore, NTCs are respectively provided on the first charge and discharge circuit, the first discharge circuit, the second charge and discharge circuit, the second discharge circuit, the charging current limiting module, the DC voltage stabilizing output module, the 12V battery collection module and the battery for detecting temperature.

[0015] Furthermore, the battery collection module is connected to the battery via a pin connection module.

[0016] Furthermore, the Mosfet may be replaced by an IGBT or a relay.

[0017] Furthermore, the current detection module may be replaced by a Hall current sensor.

[0018] Furthermore, the diversion device is a copper busbar.

[0019] This application not only directly integrates the function of BMS but is also compatible with the voltage regulated output function of 12VDCDC. In addition, the use of a central controller together can save the cost of additional controllers. By combining the circuit of monitoring current and Mosfet, the function of electronic e-fuse is realized, and the existing physical fuse can be eliminated. The low-voltage power distribution system is directly connected to the battery using a pin connection, and no additional wiring harness is required to connect the battery. When the battery is aging, the battery charging performance is too low, or the battery itself is too cold, the central controller disconnects the battery charging circuit and closes the charging current limiting module to protect the stability of the battery and extend its service life.

[0020] Summary of the Figures

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0022] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an intelligent low-voltage distribution box according to an embodiment of an intelligent low-voltage power distribution system of the present invention;

[0023] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an internal control circuit of the intelligent low-voltage distribution box of the embodiment of FIG1 ;

[0024] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the power supply management and power consumption management of the intelligent low-voltage power distribution system itself.

[0025] Preferred embodiments of the present invention

[0026] The advantages of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0028] The terms used in this disclosure are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," "the," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this disclosure to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining."

[0030] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or it can be the internal communication between two components. It can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] In the following description, the suffixes such as "module", "component" or "unit" used to represent elements are only used to facilitate the description of the present invention and have no specific meaning. Therefore, "module" and "component" can be used interchangeably.

[0032] Refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the intelligent low-voltage power distribution system of the present application, which is an intelligent low-voltage distribution box, including a shell, a circuit board arranged in the shell, and multiple interfaces arranged on the side walls of the shell, the interfaces including a CAN interface, 3 12V power supply interfaces, a 12V battery power input interface and a ground port; the intelligent low-voltage distribution box is directly installed on the top of the battery, and NTC1 and NTC2 are arranged to directly contact the battery, the ground port (B-) is stuck in the negative pole of the 12V battery, the 12V battery power input interface is stuck in the positive pole of the battery, a CAN interface is connected to the whole vehicle, and the 3 12V output interfaces are respectively connected to the body domain 12V network, the power domain 12V network and the intelligent driving domain 12V network in the vehicle. The circuit board is provided with a first charge and discharge circuit, a shunt device, and a central control unit MCU. The input end of the battery is connected to the first charge and discharge circuit, the first charge and discharge circuit is connected to the input end of the shunt device, and the output end of the shunt device is respectively connected in parallel to three 12V power supply circuits. The central control unit is communicatively connected to a CAN communication module, three 12V power supply circuits, a charging current limiting module, a DC voltage stabilizing output module and the first charge and discharge circuit; the shunt device is used to divide the current output by the 12V battery into three paths, and the three 12V power supply circuits are used to provide three 12V output power supplies. The shunt device can be a copper busbar.

[0033] Furthermore, the three 12V power supply circuits, the first 12V power supply circuit supplies power to the body domain 12V network, the second 12V power supply circuit supplies power to the power domain 12V network, and the third 12V power supply circuit supplies power to the intelligent driving domain 12V network; the first 12V power supply circuit includes a first discharge circuit, the second 12V power supply circuit includes a second charge and discharge circuit, and the third 12V power supply circuit includes a second discharge circuit.

[0034] Furthermore, the first discharge circuit is also connected to the current sensor 1, the second charge and discharge circuit is also connected to the current sensor 2, and the second discharge circuit is also connected to the current sensor 3. The current sensors 1-3 are communicatively connected to the MCU. Specifically, the current sensor 1 is used to detect the current output to the 12V network in the vehicle body domain, the current sensor 2 is used to detect the current output to the 12V network in the power domain, and the current sensor 3 is used to detect the current output to the 12V network in the intelligent driving domain. The current sensor can also be replaced with a current detection module.

[0035] The first charge and discharge circuit is used to control the charge and discharge of the 12V battery, and controls the 12V of the battery to the copper bus inside the channel through a bidirectional MOSFET.

[0036] When the battery voltage is very low, the vehicle is requested to charge the battery via the CAN bus.

[0037] When the battery is aging, the external charging voltage is too high, the battery charging performance is too low, or the battery temperature is too low, the central controller disconnects the battery charging circuit and closes the charging current limiting module to protect the battery stability, protect the battery, and extend its service life.

[0038] When the discharge current is too large or the battery is over-discharged, the MOSFET of the discharge control circuit is disconnected to protect the battery.

[0039] In the case of charging, when the battery voltage is very high, the MOSFET that controls the charging circuit is disconnected, allowing only discharge to prevent overcharging.

[0040] The charging current limiting module is used to dynamically adjust the current and voltage output by the battery, and the DC voltage stabilization output module is used to dynamically adjust the multi-channel 12V output power supply voltage.

[0041] Furthermore, NTCs (NTC7, NTC3, NTC4, NTC5, NTC8, and NTC6) are installed near the 12V battery acquisition module, the first charge and discharge circuit, the first discharge circuit, the second charge and discharge circuit, the second discharge circuit, the charge current limiting module, and the DC voltage regulated output module. These NTCs are used to detect the temperature of the corresponding modules. The NTCs monitor the temperature of each power device. When the temperature is too high, the central control unit sends a request to the entire vehicle to reduce the vehicle's current consumption.

[0042] See Figure 2 for an internal circuit control diagram of the intelligent low-voltage distribution box.

[0043] The first 12V power supply circuit also includes a first drive circuit, wherein the first discharge circuit is connected to the first drive circuit via a discharge control MOSFET. The second 12V power supply circuit also includes a second drive circuit, wherein the second charge-discharge circuit is connected to the second drive circuit via two parallel MOSFETs (a discharge control MOSFET and a charge control MOSFET). The third 12V power supply circuit also includes a third drive circuit, wherein the second discharge circuit is connected to the third drive circuit via a discharge control MOSFET. The first charge-discharge circuit is connected to the fourth drive circuit via two parallel MOSFETs (a discharge control MOSFET and a charge control MOSFET). The first to fourth drive circuits are respectively connected to an MCU. The central control unit MCU can control the on / off of the charge-discharge circuit and the discharge circuit according to instructions, utilizing the unidirectional conductivity of the MOSFETs to achieve control of the on / off and direction of current.

[0044] Furthermore, the first discharge circuit provides 12V power from the battery to the 12V network in the vehicle body domain. When a short circuit occurs in the vehicle body domain, the power supply to the vehicle body domain is disconnected (fuse protection) to ensure the 12V network power supply for intelligent driving.

[0045] Furthermore, the second charge and discharge circuit provides 12V power from the battery to the 12V network in the power domain. When a short circuit occurs in the vehicle body domain, the power supply of the 12V network in the power domain is disconnected (fuse protection) to ensure the 12V network power supply for intelligent driving.

[0046] Furthermore, the second discharge circuit provides 12V power of the battery to the 12V network of the intelligent driving domain. When a short circuit occurs in the 12V network of the intelligent driving domain, the power supply of the vehicle body domain is disconnected (fuse protection) to ensure the power supply of the 12V network of the intelligent driving domain.

[0047] Furthermore, the DC voltage-stabilized output module includes a first filtering circuit, a first boost / buck circuit and a fifth drive circuit. When the battery voltage is too low or the current is unstable, the DC voltage-stabilized output module is turned on to output 12V power to the power domain 12V network and the intelligent driving 12V network.

[0048] Furthermore, the charging current limiting module includes a second filtering circuit, a second boost / buck circuit and a sixth drive circuit. When the battery charging voltage is too high, the battery is protected by disconnecting the charging direction loop and turning on the charging current limiting module. The central control unit dynamically adjusts the charging current limiting module to output stable charging current and voltage based on the voltage and current information collected by the total voltage collection module to protect the battery.

[0049] The 12V battery acquisition module: The battery acquisition circuit is divided into two parts. The first part is directly connected to the battery and temperature resistors NTC1 and NTC2 through a pin module, which reduces additional wiring harnesses. This part of the circuit consists of an acquisition circuit, a balancing circuit, a filtering circuit, etc., and is directly connected to the pins of the acquisition chip; the second part is connected to the central control chip MCU through an SPI line, and collects battery information through SPI control. Among them, the 12V battery acquisition module further includes a cell voltage acquisition module for collecting the voltage of a single cell; a temperature acquisition module for collecting the battery temperature and the temperature of the current shunt resistor shunt; the current shunt resistor shunt is used to measure the total current of the battery powering the entire vehicle; a total voltage acquisition module for collecting total voltage information; and a control circuit (cell balancing module for balancing a single cell).

[0050] The 12V battery acquisition module is also connected to the system's own current consumption acquisition module. See Figure 3 for details. The system's own current consumption acquisition module is used to measure the system's own working power consumption. And it is only used in the discharge direction.

[0051] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, the internal 5V auxiliary circuit is also connected to the PMIC, which is responsible for power and power management of the intelligent low-voltage power distribution system itself. The PMIC is connected to a 12V battery or an external 12V power supply. The PMIC generates a 5V power supply through its own voltage regulator module and supplies it to the internal 5V operating circuit.

[0052] The MCU is also connected to an internal 5V auxiliary circuit, which provides power for the MCU, various drive circuits, various acquisition circuits, CAN transceiver, etc.

[0053] The MCU is also connected to each NTC to adjust the circuit drive and battery output limit by collecting temperature.

[0054] The central control unit MCU calculates the next working mode and operating parameters based on the vehicle working instructions received by the CAN transceiver and the real-time data feedback from the acquisition circuit, and controls the on and off of the 12V output port.

[0055] The CAN communication module completes bidirectional data transmission between the external and intelligent low-voltage distribution box.

[0056] The central control unit MCU can control the on / off of the charging and discharging circuits and the discharging circuits according to the instructions. The unidirectional conductivity of the Mosfet is used to control the on / off and direction of the current.

[0057] The intelligent low-voltage distribution box of the present invention works through the following process:

[0058] At the beginning of operation, the intelligent low-voltage distribution box maintains multiple 12V outputs under the power supply of the battery, collects the voltage and temperature of the battery cells through the battery acquisition module, and estimates the status of the lithium battery through relevant signals. When the battery cell voltage difference is too large, or the battery cell voltage is overvoltage / undervoltage / overtemperature, relevant protection is performed, thereby monitoring the battery, 12V output voltage and current, and its own status, and sending them to the CAN network for the entire vehicle.

[0059] Based on the vehicle's operating instructions received by the CAN transceiver and the real-time data feedback from the acquisition circuit, the central control module calculates the next operating mode and operating parameters of the intelligent low-voltage distribution box, controls the drive circuit to protect the battery, and sends external output restriction information through the CAN bus. The intelligent low-voltage distribution box maintains a 12V output even when the vehicle is parked.

[0060] The central control module calculates the battery status based on the 12V battery data acquisition module. If a single cell voltage difference is too large, the central control module activates the balancing circuit to balance the cells and protect the battery. It also calculates the remaining battery energy and subsequent power supply capacity based on battery information such as current, voltage, and temperature, and sends this information to the vehicle.

[0061] The central control module, based on the real-time data fed back by the 12V battery acquisition module, ensures stable charging of the battery by disconnecting the charging current and turning on the charging current limiting module when the battery charging voltage is unstable.

[0062] The central control module uses real-time data from the acquisition circuit (Figure 2, 12V battery acquisition module: cell voltage, total voltage, temperature circuit, current) to open and close the charge and discharge circuits or activate the DC voltage-stabilized output module to ensure 12V output and guarantee vehicle and battery safety.

[0063] In sleep mode, the central control module will periodically wake up and collect real-time data from the collection circuit (Figure 2, 12V battery collection module: cell voltage, total voltage, temperature circuit, current) to ensure the safety of the 12V output even when the vehicle is parked.

[0064] The present invention integrates power circuits at the hardware level. The first power circuit switches current on and off. When the central control unit closes the discharge MOSFET, the battery voltage and current are output to the external interface through the output port. Second, the central control unit uses circuitry to select which output port to switch on and off. If a particular output current is too high, it disconnects the discharge MOSFET on that port to cut off the high external current. Third, when the battery experiences undervoltage or a short circuit occurs at one of the output ports, the central control unit activates the DC voltage stabilization output module and closes the short circuit port, ensuring stable power supply to the vehicle's power module and intelligent driving module, preventing the vehicle from stalling and the steering system from becoming uncontrollable. Fourth, the central control unit monitors the battery's real-time status through a 12V battery acquisition module and outputs battery information to the vehicle, thus implementing battery management. Finally, when the external battery charging status becomes unstable, the central control module disconnects the charge MOSFET and activates the charge current limiting module, ensuring stable battery charging and extending battery life. In the fifth part, the NTC monitors the temperature of each power device. If the temperature is too high, the central control unit sends a request to the entire vehicle to reduce the vehicle's current consumption. In the sixth part, the entire system is powered by the battery.

[0065] The present invention provides a power supply configuration (control) box with multiple 12V platform outputs (multiple 12V connectors and a single bottom line connector). By directly connecting the positive and negative poles of a 12V battery to the positive and negative poles of a 12V distribution box, multiple 12V power supplies are distributed through parallel MOSFET circuits. The hardware can share a central control chip, a communication interface, a signal acquisition circuit, and other components, while mechanically sharing a single housing, reducing cost and weight. This also eliminates the need for multiple external wiring harnesses for batteries, resulting in an integrated 12V power supply. This solves the existing problems of two battery packs, which are high cost, heavy weight, complex wiring harness connections, and inconvenient vehicle placement. The integrated system achieves the technical benefits of cost and weight reduction and battery protection.

[0066] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention have better practicability and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any technician familiar with the field may use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent effective embodiment. However, any modification or equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent low-voltage power distribution system, characterized in that: The invention comprises: a 12V storage battery, a first charging and discharging circuit, a shunt device, and a central control unit. The input end of the storage battery is connected to the first charging and discharging circuit, the first charging and discharging circuit is connected to the input end of the shunt device, the output end of the shunt device is respectively connected in parallel to multiple 12V power supply circuits, the central control unit is communicatively connected to a CAN communication module, multiple 12V power supply circuits, a charging current limiting module, a DC voltage stabilizing output module, a first charging and discharging circuit and a 12V battery acquisition module; the shunt device is used to divide the current output by the 12V storage battery into multiple paths; the multiple 12V power supply circuits are used to provide multiple 12V output power supplies; the first charging and discharging circuit is used to control The charging and discharging of 12V batteries; the charging current limiting module is used to dynamically adjust the current and voltage of the battery output; the DC voltage stabilizing output module is used to dynamically adjust the voltage of multiple 12V power supplies; the 12V battery acquisition module is used to collect battery information; the central control unit controls the charging and discharging of multiple 12V output power supplies; the central control unit protects the battery by cutting off the charging and discharging switch of the first charging and discharging circuit according to the battery information collected by the 12V battery acquisition module; the central control unit controls the charging current limiting module to ensure stable charging of the battery; the central control unit controls the DC voltage stabilizing output module to ensure multiple 12V output power supplies.

2. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-channel 12V power supply circuit specifically includes three 12V power supply circuits, the first 12V power supply circuit supplies power to the body domain 12V network, the second 12V power supply circuit supplies power to the power domain 12V network, and the third 12V power supply circuit supplies power to the intelligent driving domain 12V network; the first 12V power supply circuit includes a first discharge circuit, the second 12V power supply circuit includes a second charge and discharge circuit, and the third 12V power supply circuit includes a second discharge circuit.

3. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first 12V power supply circuit also includes a first drive circuit, the first discharge circuit is connected to the first drive circuit through a Mosfet, the second 12V power supply circuit also includes a second drive circuit, the second charge and discharge circuit is connected to the second drive circuit through two Mosfets in parallel, the third 12V power supply circuit also includes a third drive circuit, the second discharge circuit is connected to the third drive circuit through a Mosfet; the first charge and discharge circuit is connected to the fourth drive circuit through two Mosfets in parallel, and the central control module controls the charging switch and the discharging switch through the Mosfet, thereby controlling the charging and discharging of the first charge and discharge circuit, the first discharge circuit, the second charge and discharge circuit and the second discharge circuit.

4. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The DC voltage stabilization output module includes a first filtering circuit, a first boost / buck circuit and a fifth driving circuit; the charging current limiting module includes a second filtering circuit, a second boost / buck circuit and a sixth driving circuit.

5. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 12V battery acquisition module is also connected to the current shunt resistor Shunt. The 12V battery acquisition module is used to collect information of the 12V battery, including: a cell voltage acquisition module is used to collect the voltage of a single cell of the battery, a total voltage acquisition module is used to collect the total voltage of the battery, a temperature acquisition module is used to collect the temperature of the battery and the temperature of the current shunt resistor Shunt, a cell balancing module is used to balance a single cell, and the current shunt resistor Shunt is used to detect the output current of the battery.

6. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The 12V battery acquisition module is connected to the central control module via an SPI line, and the central control module controls the 12V battery acquisition module via SPI.

7. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The battery collection module is also connected to the system's own current consumption collection module to collect the current of the intelligent low-voltage power distribution system itself.

8. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an internal 5V auxiliary circuit for providing power to the central control unit, various modules, and various circuits of the intelligent low-voltage power distribution system, which is connected to the central control unit.

9. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The internal 5V auxiliary circuit is also connected to the PMIC, and the PMIC is used for power supply management and power consumption management of the intelligent low-voltage power distribution system itself.

10. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first discharge circuit is also connected to the first current detection module, the second charge and discharge circuit is also connected to the second current detection module, and the second discharge circuit is also connected to the third current detection module. The first current detection module, the second current detection module and the third current detection module are used to detect current and feed back to the central control unit.

11. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: NTCs are respectively arranged on the first charge and discharge circuit, the first discharge circuit, the second charge and discharge circuit, the second discharge circuit, the charging current limiting module, the DC voltage stabilizing output module, the 12V battery collection module and the battery for detecting temperature.

12. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The battery collection module is connected to the battery via a pin connection module.

13. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Mosfet can also be replaced by an IGBT or a relay.

14. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the current detection module can be replaced by a Hall current sensor.

15. The intelligent low-voltage power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the shunt device is a copper busbar.

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