Optical lens, camera module and electronic device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of optical lenses. Provided are an optical lens, a camera module and an electronic device, which can solve the problem in the related art of relatively large thickness of an electronic device caused by the large amount of space occupied by a camera module. The optical lens comprises a front lens group, a first deflecting element, a first rear lens group and a second rear lens group, wherein the front lens group comprises a first front lens group and a second front lens group; when the first deflecting element is located at a first position, the first deflecting element is located on an image side of the first front lens group and configured to reflect an emergent light beam of the first front lens group to the first rear lens group, and the optical lens has a first effective focal length; and when the first deflecting element is located at a second position, the first deflecting element is located on an image side of the second front lens group and is configured to reflect an emergent light beam of the second front lens group to the first rear lens group, and the optical lens has a second effective focal length F2, the second effective focal length being greater than the first effective focal length F1. The present application can be applied to electronic devices such as a mobile phone.

Description

Optical lenses, camera modules and electronic devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202410224770.8, filed on February 28, 2024, entitled "Motor, Camera Module and Electronic Device", and Chinese Patent Application No. 202410224770.8, filed on June 28, 2024, entitled "Optical Lens, Camera Module and Electronic Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of optical lens technology, and in particular to an optical lens, a camera module, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0003] Currently, camera modules have become an essential component of electronic devices such as smartphones and tablets. These modules allow users to easily capture photos, fulfilling their photography needs. As electronic devices become increasingly thinner and lighter, it becomes crucial to achieve high imaging performance from camera modules while conserving internal space. Therefore, designing camera modules to minimize their impact on the internal space of electronic devices has become a significant challenge in the industry.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide an optical lens, a camera module, and an electronic device to solve the problem that the large space occupied by the camera module in the related art leads to a large thickness of the electronic device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an optical lens, including a front lens group G0, a first deflection element, a first rear lens group G1, and a second rear lens group G2 arranged along the object-to-image direction; the front lens group G0 includes a first front lens group G01 and a second front lens group G02 arranged along a first direction, the first direction being parallel to the optical axis of the first rear lens group G1; the first deflection element is movable along the first direction between a first position and a second position; when the first deflection element is in the first position, the first deflection element is located on the image side of the first front lens group G01, and the first deflection element is used to reflect the emitted light beam of the first front lens group G01 to the first rear lens group G1, and the optical lens has a first effective focal length F1; when the first deflection element is in the second position, the first deflection element is located on the image side of the second front lens group G02, the first deflection element is used to reflect the emitted light beam of the second front lens group G02 to the first rear lens group G1, and the optical lens has a second effective focal length F2, the second effective focal length F2 being greater than the first effective focal length F1.

[0008] In this embodiment of the optical lens, by moving the first pivot element along the first direction, the first pivot element can be moved to the image side of the first front lens group G01 and the second front lens group G02 respectively. This can form an optical system with different effective focal lengths to achieve zoom capability of the optical lens. During the movement of the first pivot element along the first direction, no additional space is added in the light-gathering direction of the optical lens, which helps to reduce the space occupied by the camera module in the thickness direction of the electronic device, thereby contributing to the thinning and lightening of the electronic device.

[0009] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the travel distance L of the first turning element between the first position and the second position satisfies: L≤23mm. This setting avoids the travel distance L of the first turning element being too large, so that the actuator of the first turning element can be designed to be more compact, thereby making the structure of the camera module more compact.

[0010] In some embodiments of the first aspect, when the first turning element is in the first position, the first front lens group G01, the first turning element, the first rear lens group G1, and the second rear lens group G2 constitute a first optical system, and the total length of the first optical system is TTL1; when the first turning element is in the second position, the second front lens group G02, the first turning element, the first rear lens group G1, and the second rear lens group G2 constitute a second optical system, and the total length of the second optical system is TTL2; when the first turning element moves between the first position and the second position, the image plane position of the optical lens remains unchanged; TTL1 and TTL2 satisfy: TTL2-TTL1≤23mm. By reasonably setting the difference between the total lengths of the first optical system and the second optical system, the excessively large travel L of the first turning element can be avoided, thus allowing the actuator of the first turning element to be designed more compactly, thereby making the structure of the camera module more compact.

[0011] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 and the effective focal length f of the first rear lens group G1 g1 Satisfy: TTL2 - TTL1 = |f g02 -f g01 +k·f g1 |; where k satisfies: 0≤|k|<1. This setting can avoid the first turning element's travel distance L being too large, thereby making the camera module structure more compact and reducing the space occupied by the camera module.

[0012] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 g011 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1 g021 Satisfy: k=[(β1-1) 2 / β1]-[(β2-1) 2 / β2];β1=f g011 / f g01 ;β2=f g021 / f g02 With this setup, by reasonably setting the values ​​of the first focal length allocation ratio β1 and the second focal length allocation ratio β2, the value of the coefficient k can be controlled, and thus the value of the travel L of the first turning element can be controlled.

[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect, k satisfies: 0.28 ≤ k ≤ 0.46. This setting reduces the space occupied by the camera module and also helps to lower its cost.

[0014] In some embodiments of the first aspect, k = 0. This setting allows for a reasonable setting of the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01. g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The difference can control the size of the travel L of the first turning element.

[0015] In some embodiments of the first aspect, k is approximately equal to 0, i.e., 0 < k ≤ 0.005. This setting allows for a reasonable setting of the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01. g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The difference can control the size of the travel L of the first turning element.

[0016] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 g01 With the effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 Satisfies: 4.5mm≤|f g02 -f g01 |≤12.9mm. This setting reduces the space occupied by the camera module and also helps to reduce the cost of the camera module.

[0017] In some embodiments of the first aspect, TTL1 and TTL2 satisfy the condition: TTL2 - TTL1 ≥ 8.1 mm. This setting avoids the effective focal length difference between the first and second optical systems being too small, thereby improving the zoom ratio (or zoom range) of the optical lens.

[0018] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 is greater than g01 This configuration allows the optical lens to achieve a wider zoom range, thereby improving its zoom performance.

[0019] In some embodiments of the first aspect, a light-shielding device is provided on the object side of the first transition element. When the first transition element is in a first position, the light-shielding device is used to block the light beam incident on the image side of the second front lens group G02; when the first transition element is in a second position, the light-shielding device is used to block the light beam incident on the image side of the first front lens group G01. This arrangement can prevent stray light from being generated and affecting the imaging quality of the optical lens.

[0020] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the light-shielding device includes a first variable aperture stop and a second variable aperture stop. The first variable aperture stop is disposed on the object side or image side of the first front lens group G01, and the second variable aperture stop is disposed on the object side or image side of the second front lens group G02. With this configuration, when the first turning element is in the first position or the second position, the light-shielding device can precisely control the amount of light transmitted through the optical lens, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical lens.

[0021] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the light-shielding device includes a first variable aperture stop and a second variable aperture stop. The first variable aperture stop is disposed between the lenses of the first front lens group G01, and the second variable aperture stop is disposed between the lenses of the second front lens group G02. With this configuration, when the first turning element is in the first position or the second position, the light-shielding device can precisely control the amount of light transmitted through the optical lens, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical lens.

[0022] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the light-shielding device includes a baffle plate; the baffle plate is disposed on the image side of the front lens group G0 and is movable relative to the front lens group G0. When the first bending element is in a first position, the baffle plate moves to the image side of the second front lens group G02; when the first bending element is in a second position, the baffle plate moves to the image side of the first front lens group G01. This arrangement simplifies the structure of the light-shielding device, thereby helping to reduce the cost of the optical lens.

[0023] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the light-shielding device includes a baffle plate; the baffle plate is disposed on the object side of the front lens group G0 and is movable relative to the front lens group G0; when the first bending element is in a first position, the baffle plate moves to the object side of the second front lens group G02; when the first bending element is in a second position, the baffle plate moves to the object side of the first front lens group G01. This arrangement simplifies the structure of the light-shielding device, thereby helping to reduce the cost of the optical lens.

[0024] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first rear lens group G1 is a movable lens group that can move relative to the front lens group G0 along a first direction, and the second rear lens group G2 is a fixed lens group that is fixed relative to the front lens group G0 along the first direction. With this configuration, when the first pivot element is in the first or second position, the first rear lens group G1 can move along the first direction, thereby achieving precise focusing of the image plane IMA.

[0025] In some embodiments of the first aspect, when the first pivot element is in the first position, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 is... g01 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 g011 The first effective focal length F1 satisfies: ξ1=[1-β12 ]α1 2 , β1=f g011 / f g01 α1=F1 / f g011 And 0 < ξ1 ≤ 3. This setting can reduce the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the focusing motor; it can also avoid the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 being too short, thus reducing the accuracy requirements of the focusing motor.

[0026] In some embodiments of the first aspect, when the first pivot element is in the second position, the effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 is... g02 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1 g021 The second effective focal length F2 satisfies: ξ2=[1-β2] 2 ]α2 2 β2=f g021 / f g02 α2=F2 / f g021 And 0 < ξ2 ≤ 3. This setting can reduce the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the focusing motor; it can also avoid the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 being too short, thus reducing the accuracy requirements of the focusing motor.

[0027] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 g01 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 g011 Satisfies: 0 < β1 ≤ 0.5; where β1 = f g011 / f g01 This setting avoids the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ1 being too small, which helps to reduce the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1.

[0028] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1 g021 It satisfies: 0 < β² ≤ 0.5; where β² = f g021 / f g02 This setting avoids the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2 being too small, which helps to reduce the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1.

[0029] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 g01 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 g011 Satisfies: 0.75 ≤ 1 - β1 2 <1; where β1=fg011 / f g01 This configuration reduces the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1, which helps to reduce the size of the focusing motor; it also avoids the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 being too short, thus reducing the accuracy requirements of the focusing motor.

[0030] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1 g021 Satisfies: 0.75 ≤ 1 - β² 2 <1; where β2=f g021 / f g02 This configuration reduces the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1, which helps to reduce the size of the focusing motor; it also avoids the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 being too short, thus reducing the accuracy requirements of the focusing motor.

[0031] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the combined focal length f of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 is... g011 The first effective focal length F1 satisfies: 0 < α1 ≤ 2; where α1 = F1 / f g011 This setting avoids an excessively large stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ1, thereby reducing the precision requirements for the focusing motor.

[0032] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the combined focal length f of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1 is... g021 The second effective focal length F2 satisfies: 0 < α2 ≤ 2; where α2 = F2 / f g021 This setting avoids an excessively large stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2, which in turn reduces the precision requirements for the focusing motor.

[0033] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the optical power of the first front lens group G01, the second front lens group G02, and the first rear lens group G1 is positive; the optical power of the second rear lens group G2 is negative. This arrangement can partially cancel out aberrations, thereby helping to reduce aberrations in the optical lens.

[0034] In some embodiments of the first aspect, both the first front lens group G01 and the second front lens group G02 include at least one positive lens; the first rear lens group G1 includes a first lens L11, a second lens L12, and a third lens L13 along the object-to-image direction, wherein the first lens L11 and the third lens L13 both have positive optical power, the second lens L12 has negative optical power, and there is a gap between adjacent lenses of the first lens L11, the second lens L12, and the third lens L13; the second rear lens group G2 includes a fourth lens L21 and a fifth lens L22 along the object-to-image direction, wherein the fourth lens L21 has either negative or positive optical power, the fifth lens L22 has negative optical power, and there is a gap between the fourth lens L21 and the fifth lens L22. This arrangement is beneficial for correcting aberrations in the optical lens.

[0035] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the second lens L12 includes a positive lens and a negative lens spaced apart. This arrangement is beneficial for correcting aberrations in the optical lens.

[0036] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the fifth lens L22 includes a positive lens and a negative lens spaced apart. This arrangement is beneficial for correcting aberrations in the optical lens.

[0037] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the fifth lens L22 comprises two negative lenses spaced apart. This arrangement is advantageous for correcting aberrations in the optical lens.

[0038] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first deflection element is a prism, which includes a first incident surface and a first exit surface. The first incident surface is disposed toward the side where the front lens group is located, and the first exit surface is disposed toward the side where the first rear lens group is located.

[0039] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the first turning element is a reflector.

[0040] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the optical lens further includes a second deflection element disposed on the image side of the second rear lens group G2. The second deflection element is a prism and has a prism incident surface and a prism exit surface. The prism incident surface is disposed facing the side where the second rear lens group G2 is located, and the prism exit surface is disposed facing the image plane of the optical lens. The prism exit surface is tilted relative to the optical axis of the second rear lens group G2. This arrangement allows for a more compact structure of the camera module, which is beneficial for reducing the thickness of the electronic device.

[0041] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the optical lens further includes a second deflection element disposed on the image side of the second rear lens group G2. The second deflection element is a prism and has a prism incident surface and a prism exit surface. The prism incident surface is disposed on the side where the second rear lens group G2 is located, and the prism exit surface is disposed on the side where the image plane of the optical lens is located. The angle between the prism incident surface and the prism exit surface is a right angle, and the prism exit surface is parallel to the optical axis of the second rear lens group G2.

[0042] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the optical lens further includes a second deflection element disposed on the image side of the second rear lens group G2, the second deflection element being a reflector.

[0043] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a camera module, including a photosensitive element and the optical lens described in the first aspect, wherein the photosensitive element is disposed on the image side of the optical lens.

[0044] The beneficial effects of the camera module in this embodiment are the same as those of the optical lens in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0045] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a housing and the camera module described in the second aspect, wherein the camera module is mounted on the housing.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the electronic device in this embodiment are the same as those of the optical lens in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of the definition of the image-side principal plane and the image-side principal point of the optical system;

[0048] Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the definition of the object-side principal plane and object-side principal point of the optical system;

[0049] Figure 1c is a schematic diagram of the definitions of object distance and image distance in an optical system;

[0050] Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the optical lens of a camera module installed in an electronic device in the related art in the first state.

[0051] Figure 2b is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens of a camera module in the second state in the related technology;

[0052] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the back of an electronic device (mobile phone) in some embodiments of this application;

[0053] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view (AA) of the electronic device in Figure 3;

[0054] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the electronic device in Figure 4 in another state;

[0055] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the first embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state;

[0056] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the first embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the optical lens in the first embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state and a long focal length state.

[0058] Figure 9 is a focusing principle diagram of the optical lens in the first embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state;

[0059] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the second embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the third embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the fourth embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 14a is a schematic diagram of the optical lens in the short focal length state in the fifth embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 14b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the fifth embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 14c is a schematic diagram of the optical lens in the short focal length state in the sixth embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 14d is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the sixth embodiment of this application;

[0067] Figure 15a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the short focal length state in the seventh embodiment of this application;

[0068] Figure 15b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the seventh embodiment of this application;

[0069] Figure 15c shows the axial spherical aberration curve of the optical lens in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state;

[0070] Figure 15d shows the field curvature and distortion curves of the optical lens in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state.

[0071] Figure 15e shows the axial spherical aberration curve of the optical lens in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in a telephoto state;

[0072] Figure 15f shows the field curvature and distortion curves of the optical lens in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in telephoto mode;

[0073] Figure 16a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the short focal length state in the eighth embodiment of this application;

[0074] Figure 16b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the eighth embodiment of this application;

[0075] Figure 16c shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens in the eighth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state.

[0076] Figure 16d shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens in the eighth embodiment of this application when it is in a telephoto state.

[0077] Figure 17a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the short focal length state in the ninth embodiment of this application;

[0078] Figure 17b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the ninth embodiment of this application;

[0079] Figure 17c shows the axial spherical aberration curve of the optical lens in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state;

[0080] Figure 17d shows the field curvature and distortion curves of the optical lens in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state.

[0081] Figure 17e shows the axial spherical aberration curve of the optical lens in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in a telephoto state;

[0082] Figure 17f shows the field curvature and distortion curves of the optical lens in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in telephoto mode;

[0083] Figure 18a is a schematic diagram of the optical lens in the short focal length state in the tenth embodiment of this application;

[0084] Figure 18b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the tenth embodiment of this application;

[0085] Figure 18c shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens in the tenth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state.

[0086] Figure 18d shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens in the tenth embodiment of this application when it is in a telephoto state.

[0087] Figure 19a is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the short focal length state in the eleventh embodiment of this application;

[0088] Figure 19b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical lens in the telephoto state in the eleventh embodiment of this application;

[0089] Figure 19c shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens in the eleventh embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state.

[0090] Figure 19d shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens in the eleventh embodiment of this application when it is in a telephoto state. Detailed Implementation

[0091] The technical terms used in the embodiments of this application are explained and described below.

[0092] Optical power, expressed as the reciprocal of the image-side focal length (approximately assuming the refractive index of air is 1), characterizes the ability of an optical lens to deflect light. Lenses or lens groups with positive optical power have a positive focal length and converge light rays. Lenses or lens groups with negative optical power have a negative focal length and diverge light rays.

[0093] A positive lens, also known as a converging lens or convex lens, has the function of converging light rays. Convex lenses are classified into biconvex, plano-convex, and concave-convex (or positive meniscus) types.

[0094] A negative lens, also known as a diverging lens or concave lens, has the effect of diverging light. Concave lenses are classified into biconcave, plano-concave, and convex-concave types.

[0095] The optical axis refers to the axis of symmetry of an optical system. For example, the optical axis of an optical lens is the axis that passes through the center of each optical element of the optical lens. The optical axis also refers to the center line of a light beam (light column). The optical properties of the light beam do not change when it rotates around this axis.

[0096] Focal length is a measure of the convergence or divergence of light in an optical system. Focal length is divided into image-side focal length and object-side focal length. Image-side focal length is the distance from the image-side principal plane to the image-side focal point; similarly, object-side focal length is the distance from the object-side principal plane to the object-side focal point. In the embodiments of this application, the focal length, effective focal length (EFL), and combined focal length all refer to image-side focal length.

[0097] The principal plane of a lens (lens group), also known as the principal plane, includes the image-side principal plane and the object-side principal plane. When parallel light shines on the lens (lens group), after refraction, the light rays pass through the focal point on the image side. After refraction, the light rays are extended backward and intersect the incident light rays at a point. The plane perpendicular to the optical axis through this point is the image-side principal plane. The point where the image-side principal plane intersects the optical axis of the lens is the image-side principal point. Similarly, light rays emitted from the object-side focal point become parallel after refraction by the lens. The extended incident light rays intersect the parallel light rays at a point. The plane perpendicular to the optical axis through this point is the object-side principal plane. The point where the object-side principal plane intersects the optical axis of the lens is the object-side principal point.

[0098] As shown in Figure 1a, AB is an incident ray parallel to the optical axis. After passing through an optical system (which can be a single lens or a lens group formed by multiple lenses, etc.), the outgoing ray E'F' intersects the optical axis at F'. According to the imaging theory of an ideal optical system, F' is the image point of the object point on the infinity axis, called the image-side focal point. If the incident ray AB and the outgoing ray E'F' are extended in opposite directions, the two rays must intersect at a point, let this point be Q'. A plane perpendicular to the optical axis is drawn through Q', intersecting the optical axis at point H'. Then H' is called the image-side principal point, the Q'H' plane is called the image-side principal plane, and the distance from the principal point H' to the focal point F' is called the image-side focal length.

[0099] As shown in Figure 1b, F is called the object-side focal point. Let the extension of the incident ray emitted from the focal point F intersect the extension of the corresponding outgoing ray parallel to the optical axis at point Q. Draw a plane perpendicular to the optical axis through point Q and intersect the optical axis at point H. Point H is called the object-side principal point of the optical system, and the QH plane is called the object-side principal plane. The distance from the object-side principal point H to the object-side focal point F is called the object-side focal length of the optical system.

[0100] Object distance, as shown in Figure 1c, refers to the distance from the object plane to the object principal plane of the optical system, and is represented by the English letter U. The optical system can be a single lens or a lens group formed by multiple lenses.

[0101] Image distance, as shown in Figure 1c, refers to the distance from the image plane to the principal plane of the image side of an optical system, and is represented by the English letter V. The optical system can be a single lens or a lens group formed by multiple lenses.

[0102] Focusing specifically refers to adjusting the position of the lens group (i.e., the focusing lens group) in the optical lens to control the image distance, so that the image plane of the optical lens falls on the photosensitive element, thereby making the image of the optical lens as clear as possible.

[0103] Internal focusing (IF) refers to the process where an optical lens moves an internal focusing lens group to achieve focusing, while the total length (TTL) of the optical lens remains constant during focusing.

[0104] Focusing travel refers to the distance the focusing lens group moves during the focusing process of an optical lens. For example, when an optical lens switches from focusing on a distant scene to focusing on a close-up scene, the distance the focusing lens group moves along the optical axis is the focusing travel.

[0105] The image plane is located on the image side of all lenses in an optical lens, where light rays pass through each lens in sequence to form an image.

[0106] An aperture stop is a physical object in an optical system that limits the beam of light. An aperture stop can be the edge of a lens, a frame, or a specially designed perforated screen. The function of an aperture stop can be twofold: to limit the beam of light or to limit the size of the field of view (imaging range). The aperture stop that limits the beam of light the most in an optical system is called the aperture stop, and the aperture stop that limits the field of view (size) the most is called the field stop.

[0107] A variable aperture stop is an aperture that can change the size of its light-transmitting aperture.

[0108] The pupil is the image of the aperture stop. The conjugate image of the aperture stop through the optical system in front of the aperture stop is called the entrance pupil, or simply the entrance pupil. The diameter of the entrance pupil is the same as the diameter of the entrance pupil.

[0109] Relative aperture is the ratio of entrance pupil diameter D to image-side focal length fˊ, denoted as RA, i.e., RA = D / fˊ.

[0110] The F-number (Fno or F / #) is the reciprocal of the relative aperture, i.e., F = fˊ / D; the smaller the F-number, the larger the aperture and the shallower the depth of field; conversely, the larger the F-number, the smaller the aperture and the greater the depth of field.

[0111] Total track length (TTL) refers to the distance from the surface of an optical lens (or optical system) closest to the object side to the image plane.

[0112] ImgH (Image Height) represents half the diagonal length of the effective photosensitive area on the image sensor, also known as the image height.

[0113] The Abbe number, also known as the dispersion coefficient, is the ratio of the difference in refractive index of an optical material at different wavelengths, representing the degree of dispersion of the material.

[0114] Aberration is the deviation between the image formed by an uncorrected optical system and the image formed by an ideal optical system. Aberrations include spherical aberration, coma, field curvature, astigmatism, distortion, and chromatic aberration.

[0115] Spherical aberration is a wide beam aberration. When a concentric beam of light emitted from an on-axis point passes through an optical system, it is no longer concentric. Light rays at different incident heights intersect the optical axis at different positions after passing through the system, resulting in varying degrees of deviation from the paraxial image point (ideal image point). This deviation is called axial spherical aberration, or simply spherical aberration. Due to spherical aberration, the image point on the Gaussian image plane is no longer a point, but a circular spot of confusion. The radius of this spot of confusion is called transverse spherical aberration.

[0116] Coma is an aberration of off-axis points with wide beams. In an optical system with coma, the image point formed by an off-axis object point on the ideal image plane resembles a comet-shaped spot. The narrow beams close to the principal ray intersect the principal ray to form a bright spot, while the image points formed by beams of different apertures far from the principal ray are different rings far from the principal ray. Therefore, this imaging defect is called coma.

[0117] Chromatic aberration (CA) occurs because optical materials have different refractive indices for different wavelengths of light. Therefore, light rays of different colors passing through the same aperture will intersect the optical axis at different points. Similarly, light rays of different colors passing through different apertures will also intersect the optical axis at different points. This results in the image of an object point appearing as a colored diffuse spot at any image plane position. The difference in the imaging position and size between various colors of light is called chromatic aberration. There are two types of chromatic aberration: axial chromatic aberration and transverse chromatic aberration.

[0118] Axial chromatic aberration: The difference in the imaging position of two colors of light at a point on the axis is called positional chromatic aberration, also known as axial chromatic aberration.

[0119] Transverse chromatic aberration: The same medium has different refractive indices for different colors of light. Therefore, for off-axis object points, the transverse magnification of different colors of light is not equal. This difference is called transverse chromatic aberration, also known as magnification chromatic aberration.

[0120] Distortion, also known as distortion, is the difference between the height of the intersection point between the principal ray of different fields of view and the Gaussian image plane after passing through the optical lens and the ideal image height.

[0121] Field curvature is used to describe the difference along the optical axis between the position of the sharpest image point after rays from the off-center field of view pass through the optical lens group and the position of the sharpest image point in the central field of view. When field curvature exists, image points beyond the paraxial region on the Gaussian plane become blurred, and the image of a planar object becomes a curved surface of rotation, and a perfect image of the object plane cannot be obtained at the image plane.

[0122] Astigmatism is the axial distance between the meridional and sagittal image points of a narrow beam of light that do not coincide.

[0123] The meridional plane is the plane formed by the principal ray emitted from an object point outside the principal axis of an optical system and the principal axis of the optical system. Rays lying within the meridional plane are collectively called meridional beams. The point formed by a meridional beam is called a meridional image point. The image plane containing the meridional image point is called the meridional image plane.

[0124] The sagittal plane is a plane passing through the principal ray emitted from an object point located outside the principal axis of the optical system and perpendicular to the meridional plane. Rays lying within the sagittal plane are collectively called sagittal beams. The point formed by the sagittal beam is called the sagittal image point. The image plane containing the sagittal image point is called the sagittal image plane.

[0125] Figure 2a is a schematic diagram of the optical lens of a camera module installed in an electronic device in the related art in a first state, and Figure 2b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens of a camera module in the related art in a second state. As shown in Figures 2a and 2b, the optical lens includes a transition element 01 and a lens group 02 arranged along the object-to-image direction. The transition element 01 includes a first prism 011 and a second prism 012. The first prism 011 includes a first incident surface 0111, a first reflecting surface 0112, and a first exiting surface 0113. The second prism 012 includes a second incident surface 0121, a second reflecting surface 0122, and a second exiting surface 0123. The first reflecting surface 0112 and the second reflecting surface 0122 are in contact with each other, and the first incident surface 0111 and the second incident surface 0121 have different curvatures.

[0126] The deflection element 01 can rotate between a first position and a second position, as shown in Figure 2a. When the deflection element 01 is in the first position, the first incident surface 0111 faces the object side. The light from the scene enters the first prism 011 through the first incident surface 0111. After being deflected by the first prism 011, the light passes through the lens group 02 and illuminates the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 03. At this time, the optical lens has a first focal length. As shown in Figure 2b, when the deflection element 01 is in the second position, the second incident surface 0121 faces the object side. The light from the scene enters the second prism 012 through the second incident surface 0121. After being deflected by the second prism 012, the light passes through the lens group 02 and illuminates the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 03. At this time, the optical lens has a second focal length, and the second focal length is different from the first focal length.

[0127] In this type of optical lens, the incident surfaces of different prisms in the pivot element 01 can be adjusted to face the object side by rotating the pivot element 01. Since the incident surfaces of different prisms have different curvatures, the focal length of the optical lens can be changed, thereby achieving zooming of the optical lens.

[0128] However, the zoom of this optical lens requires the rotation of the pivot element 01, which requires a larger space inside the camera module to avoid the movement of the prisms in the first prism 011 and the second prism 012. This results in a larger size of the camera module in the light-gathering direction of the optical lens (Y direction in the figure), which in turn results in a larger size of the electronic device in the thickness direction, which is not conducive to the thinning and lightening of electronic devices.

[0129] This application provides an optical lens, a camera module, and an electronic device. The optical lens includes a movable deflection element. By moving the deflection element to the image side of different front lens groups, different optical systems can be formed to achieve zoom. The deflection element does not increase the space occupied in the light-gathering direction of the optical lens during movement, thereby helping to reduce the thickness of the electronic device.

[0130] The technical solutions in some embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0131] The electronic devices in this application embodiment can be mobile phones, tablets, laptops, wearable devices (such as smartwatches), or other electronic devices with camera modules. The following uses a mobile phone as an example to specifically describe the electronic devices in this application embodiment. Other types of electronic devices can be set up with reference to the structure of the mobile phone embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0132] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the back of an electronic device (mobile phone) in some embodiments of this application, Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view (AA) of the electronic device in Figure 3, and Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device in Figure 4 in another state. As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the electronic device includes a housing 200, a display screen 300, and a camera module 100, with the camera module 100 mounted on the housing 200.

[0133] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the housing 200 includes a mid-frame 210 (also referred to as a front shell or front frame) and a rear cover 220 (also referred to as a battery cover). A display screen 300 is disposed on one side of the mid-frame 210, and the rear cover 220 is disposed on the other side of the mid-frame 210. The rear cover 220 and the mid-frame 210 form a first receiving space 230, in which the camera module 100 is disposed. The display screen 300 and the mid-frame 210 form a second receiving space 240, which is used to house electronic components such as a motherboard 400. The motherboard 400 is connected to the display screen 300 and the camera module 100 via flexible circuit boards.

[0134] The display screen 300 can be a liquid crystal display screen or an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display screen, without any specific limitation. In addition to being installed in the first receiving space 230, the camera module 100 can also be installed in the second receiving space 240 to serve as a front-facing camera module for electronic devices.

[0135] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the camera module 100 includes an optical lens 10, a photosensitive element 20, and a filter 30. The photosensitive element 20 is located on the image side of the optical lens 10. The filter 30 is located between the optical lens 10 and the photosensitive element 20, allowing light to pass through the optical lens 10 and illuminate the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 20.

[0136] The optical lens 10 mainly uses the refraction principle of the lens to form an image. That is, the light of the subject passes through the optical lens 10 and forms a clear image on the focal plane of the optical lens 10. The image of the subject is recorded by the photosensitive element 20 located at the focal plane. The photosensitive element 20 converts the optical image into an electrical signal and transmits it to the processor on the motherboard 400. The processor transmits the electrical signal to the display screen 300 to display the image of the subject on the display screen 300.

[0137] The photosensitive element 20 (also known as an image sensor) is a semiconductor chip containing hundreds of thousands to millions of photodiodes on its surface, which generate electrical charges when exposed to light. The photosensitive element 20 can be a charge-coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device; no specific limitation is made here.

[0138] The filter 30 is used to filter out unwanted wavelengths in the light, preventing the photosensitive element 20 from producing false colors or ripples, thereby improving its effective resolution and color reproduction. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the filter 30 is an infrared filter.

[0139] As shown in Figure 3, the filter 30 can be set independently or attached to the surface of one of the lenses or prisms of the optical lens 10 to achieve filtering. No specific limitation is made here.

[0140] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3, the camera module 100 includes a camera housing 40, a portion of an optical lens 10, a photosensitive element 20, and a filter 30 disposed within the camera housing 40.

[0141] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the optical lens in the first embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state, and Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the optical lens in the first embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the optical lens 10 includes a front lens group G0, a first transition element 1, a first rear lens group G1, and a second rear lens group G2 arranged along the object-to-image direction. The front lens group G0 includes a first front lens group G01 and a second front lens group G02 arranged along a first direction X, and the first direction X is parallel to the optical axis of the first rear lens group G1.

[0142] The first deflection element 1 can move along the first direction X between a first position and a second position; as shown in FIG6, when the first deflection element 1 is located in the first position, the first deflection element 1 is located on the image side of the first front lens group G01 and is used to reflect the emitted light beam of the first front lens group G01 to the first rear lens group G1, and the optical lens 10 has a first effective focal length F1.

[0143] As shown in Figure 7, when the first deflection element 1 is in the second position, the first deflection element 1 is located on the image side of the second front lens group G02 and is used to reflect the emitted light beam of the second front lens group G02 to the first rear lens group G1. The optical lens 10 has a second effective focal length F2, which is greater than the first effective focal length F1. That is, the optical lens 10 is in a short focal length state when the first deflection element 1 is in the first position, and the optical lens 10 is in a long focal length state when the first deflection element 1 is in the second position.

[0144] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the rear cover 220 is provided with a first camera window 221 and a second camera window 222. The first camera window 221 and the second camera window 222 are arranged along the first direction X. The first camera window 221 is arranged opposite to the first front lens group G01 to ensure that the optical lens 10 can receive the light emitted by the subject outside the housing 200 when it is in the short focal length state. The second camera window 222 is arranged opposite to the second front lens group G02 to ensure that the optical lens 10 can receive the light emitted by the subject outside the housing 200 when it is in the long focal length state.

[0145] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the optical lens 10 in this embodiment can be moved along the first direction X by moving the first transition element 1 to the image side of the first front lens group G01 and the second front lens group G02, respectively. This allows the formation of an optical system with different effective focal lengths, thereby enabling the optical lens 10 to zoom. During the movement of the first transition element 1 along the first direction X, no additional space is added in the light-gathering direction Y of the optical lens (i.e., the thickness direction of the electronic device). This helps to reduce the space occupied by the camera module 100 in the thickness direction of the electronic device, thus contributing to the thinning and lightening of the electronic device.

[0146] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the travel distance L of the first turning element 1 between the first position and the second position satisfies the condition: L ≤ 23 mm. For example, the travel distance L can be 8.218 mm, 8.956 mm, 12.906 mm, 13.719 mm, 22.834 mm, etc. This setting avoids the travel distance L of the first turning element being too large, so the actuator (such as the drive motor) of the first turning element 1 can be designed to be more compact, thereby making the structure of the camera module more compact.

[0147] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the travel distance L can be the distance between the optical axis of the first front lens group G01 and the optical axis of the second front lens group G02.

[0148] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the first embodiment of this application in both short focal length and long focal length states. As shown in (1) of Figures 6 and 8, when the first pivot element 1 is in the first position, the first front lens group G01, the first pivot element 1, the first rear lens group G1, and the second rear lens group G2 constitute the first optical system, and the total length of the first optical system is TTL1; as shown in (2) of Figures 7 and 8, when the first pivot element 1 is in the second position, the second front lens group G02, the first pivot element 1, the first rear lens group G1, and the second rear lens group G2 constitute the second optical system, and the total length of the second optical system is TTL2.

[0149] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, TTL1 = A1A2 + A2O, meaning TTL1 is the sum of the lengths of line segments A1A2 and A2O; TTL2 = B1B2 + B2O, meaning TTL2 is the sum of the lengths of line segments B1B2 and B2O. A1 is the intersection of the optical axis of the first front lens group G01 and the lens surface of the first front lens group G01 closest to the object side; A2 is the intersection of the optical axis of the first front lens group G01 and the reflecting surface of the first reflex element 1; O is the intersection of the optical axis of the first rear lens group G1 and the image plane (i.e., the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 20); B1 is the intersection of the optical axis of the second front lens group G02 and the lens surface of the second front lens group G02 closest to the object side; B2 is the intersection of the optical axis of the second front lens group G02 and the reflecting surface of the first reflex element 1.

[0150] As shown in (1) and (2) of Figure 8, when the first turning element 1 moves between the first position and the second position, the image plane IMA position of the optical lens 10 remains unchanged; TTL1 and TTL2 satisfy: TTL2-TTL1≤23mm. For example, TTL2-TTL1 can be 8.218mm, 8.956mm, 12.906mm, 13.719mm, 22.834mm, etc.

[0151] As shown in (1) and (2) of Figure 8, since the image plane IMA position of the optical lens 10 remains unchanged when the first turning element 1 moves between the first position and the second position, the moving stroke L of the first turning element 1 between the first position and the second position is L = TTL2 - TTL1. By limiting TTL2 - TTL1 ≤ 23mm, the moving stroke L of the first turning element 1 can be avoided from being too large. In this way, the actuator of the first turning element 1 can be designed to be more compact, thereby making the structure of the camera module 100 more compact and helping to reduce the space occupied by the camera module 100.

[0152] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6, 7 and 8, the first rear lens group G1 is a movable lens group that can move relative to the front lens group G0 along the first direction X, and the second rear lens group G2 is a fixed lens group that is fixed in position relative to the front lens group G0 along the first direction X.

[0153] Since the first rear lens group G1 is a movable lens group and the second rear lens group G2 is a fixed lens group, as shown in Figure 8, when the first pivot element 1 moves between the first position and the second position, the first rear lens group G1 can move along the first direction X to prevent positional drift of the image plane IMA of the optical lens 10, thereby keeping the position of the image plane IMA of the optical lens 10 unchanged. Furthermore, when the optical lens 10 switches between focusing on a distant scene and focusing on a close scene in the first or second position, the first rear lens group G1 can move along the first direction X, thereby achieving precise focusing of the image plane IMA of the optical lens 10.

[0154] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the front lens group G0 is a fixed lens group, and both the first front lens group G01 and the second front lens group G02 are fixed relative to the housing 200 of the electronic device. The first rear lens group G1 is movable relative to the front lens group G0 along the first direction X; specifically, the first rear lens group G1 can move relative to either the first front lens group G01 or the second front lens group G02 along the first direction X. The second rear lens group G2 is fixed relative to the front lens group G0 along the first direction X; specifically, the second rear lens group G2 is fixed relative to either the first front lens group G01 or the second front lens group G02 along the first direction X.

[0155] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 and the effective focal length f of the first rear lens group G1 g1 satisfy:

[0156] TTL2-TTL1=|f g02 -f g01 +k·f g1 |

[0157] The coefficient k satisfies: 0 ≤ |k| < 1.

[0158] From the relation TTL2-TTL1=|f g02 -f g01 +k·f g1 It can be seen that the moving stroke L of the first turning element 1 is related to the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01. g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The effective focal length f of the first rear lens group G1 g1 And it is related to the coefficient k. By limiting 0≤|k|<1, we can avoid |k| from being too large, thereby avoiding the movement stroke L of the first turning element 1 from being too large, which in turn makes the structure of the camera module 100 more compact and helps to reduce the space occupied by the camera module 100.

[0159] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 g011 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1 g021 satisfy:

[0160] Coefficient k = [(β1-1)] 2 / β1]-[(β2-1) 2 / β2).

[0161] Wherein, the first focal length allocation ratio β1 = f g011 / f g01 The second focal length allocation ratio β2 = f g021 / f g02 .

[0162] From the relation k=[(β1-1) 2 / β1]-[(β2-1) 2 As can be seen from / β2], the coefficient k is related to the first focal length allocation ratio β1 and the second focal length allocation ratio β2. By reasonably setting the size of the first focal length allocation ratio β1 and the second focal length allocation ratio β2, the size of the coefficient k can be controlled, and thus the size of the moving stroke L of the first turning element 1 can be controlled.

[0163] The following uses the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 8 as an example to illustrate the relationship TTL2-TTL1=|f g02 -f g01 +k·f g1 The derivation process of |:

[0164] As shown in Figure 8(1), when the subject is at infinity, the image of the subject after passing through the first front lens group G01 is m01, and the image distance is V. 01 =f g01 The image m01 is imaged as m1 after passing through the first rear lens group G1, and the conjugate image plane of the image m1 after passing through the second rear lens group G2 is IMA.

[0165] Under the paraxial optical path model conditions, the gap between the image-side principal plane of the first front lens group G01 and the object-side principal plane of the first rear lens group G1 is defined as follows:

[0166] d 011 =f g01 +f g1 -f g01 f g1 / f g011 ;

[0167] The object distance U1 from m01 to the first rear lens group G1 is d 011 -V 01 The image distance V1 of image m1 is calculated using the Gaussian formula as follows:

[0168] V1=U1f g1 / (U1-f g1 )=f g1 (f g01 -f g011 ) / f g01 ;

[0169] The total length of the first optical system is as follows:

[0170] TTL1 = d 011 +V1+V2-U2=f g01 +2f g1 -f g1 (f g01 / f g011 +f g011 / f g01 )+V2-U2;

[0171] Similarly, as shown in (2) of Figure 8, the total length of the second optical system is as follows:

[0172] TTL2 = f g02 +2f g1 -f g1 (f g02 / f g012 +f g021 / f g02 )+V2-U2;

[0173] As shown in (1) and (2) of Figure 8, since the image plane IMA of the optical lens 10 and the position of the second rear lens group G2 remain unchanged when the first pivot element 1 moves between the first position and the second position, the image distance V2 and object distance U2 of the second rear lens group G2 are the same in the first optical system (i.e., G01 + first pivot element 1 + G1 + G2) and the second optical system (i.e., G02 + first pivot element 1 + G1 + G2). The difference between TTL2 and TTL1 is equal to the movement distance L of the first pivot element 1 between the first position and the second position. Therefore, it can be concluded that:

[0174] L = TTL2 - TTL1 = f g02 -f g01 +f g1 [(β1-1) 2 / β1-(β2-1) 2 / β2];

[0175] That is, L = |f g02 -f g01 +f g1 [(β1-1) 2 / β1-(β2-1) 2 / β2]|.

[0176] In some embodiments, the coefficient k = 0; wherein the first focal length allocation ratio β1 is equal to the second focal length allocation ratio β2. With this configuration, the travel distance L of the first pivot element 1 = TTL2 - TTL1 = |f g02 -f g01 The movement stroke L of the first pivot element 1 is only related to the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01. g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 This is related to the reasonable setting of the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01. g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The difference can control the size of the travel L of the first turning element 1.

[0177] In some embodiments, the coefficient k is approximately equal to 0, i.e., 0 < k ≤ 0.005, such as k equal to 0.005, 0.004, 0.003, 0.002, 0.001, etc. The first focal length allocation ratio β1 and the second focal length allocation ratio β2 are approximately equal (e.g., the difference is within 0.005), for example, β1 is 0.447 and β2 is 0.448. With this configuration, the travel distance L of the first turning element 1 is L = TTL2 - TTL1 ≈ |f g02 -f g01 The movement stroke L of the first pivot element 1 is only related to the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01. g01The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 This is related to the reasonable setting of the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01. g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The difference can control the size of the travel L of the first turning element 1.

[0178] In some embodiments, the coefficient k satisfies: 0.28 ≤ k ≤ 0.46; for example, the coefficient k can be 0.291, 0.375, 0.411, 0.454, etc. The first focal length allocation ratio β1 and the second focal length allocation ratio β2 are not equal and differ significantly (e.g., the difference is greater than 0.005), for example, β1 is 0.370 and β2 is 0.453. This setting avoids the coefficient k being too large or too small, thereby avoiding the first turning element 1's travel distance L being too large or too small. If the travel distance L of the first turning element 1 is too large, the actuator of the first turning element 1 will be large, which is not conducive to reducing the space occupied by the camera module 100; if the travel distance L of the first turning element 1 is too small, the accuracy requirement of the actuator of the first turning element 1 will be high, which is not conducive to reducing the cost of the camera module 100. By setting the coefficient k to 0.28≤k≤0.46, the space occupied by the camera module 100 can be reduced, and the cost of the camera module 100 can also be reduced.

[0179] In some embodiments, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 g01 With the effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 Satisfies: 4.5mm≤|f g02 -f g01 |≤12.9mm, for example, f g02 -f g01 The possible thicknesses are 4.609mm, 7.409mm, 8.021mm, 12.795mm, 8.153mm, etc. This setting avoids |f g02 -f g01 |Too large or too small, if |f g02 -f g01 If |f is too large, then the movement stroke L of the first turning element 1 will be too large, which is not conducive to reducing the space occupied by the camera module 100; if |f g02 -f g01 If the value is too small, the travel distance L of the first turning element 1 will be too small, requiring higher precision from the actuator of the first turning element 1, which is not conducive to reducing the cost of the camera module 100. By using |f g02 -f g01 |Set to: 7.2mm≤|f g02 -f g01|≤12.9mm, which can reduce the space occupied by the camera module 100 and also help reduce the cost of the camera module 100.

[0180] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 8, TTL1 and TTL2 satisfy the condition: TTL2 - TTL1 ≥ 8.1 mm. This setting avoids TTL2 - TTL1 being too small. If TTL2 - TTL1 is too small, the difference in effective focal length between the first optical system (G01 + first transition element 1 + G1 + G2) and the second optical system (G02 + first transition element 1 + G1 + G2) will be too small, which is not conducive to improving the zoom ratio (or zoom range) of the optical lens 10. By setting TTL1 and TTL2 to TTL2 - TTL1 ≥ 8.1 mm, it is beneficial to improve the zoom ratio (or zoom range) of the optical lens 10.

[0181] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8, the effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 is greater than g01 Compared to f g02 =f g01 Or f g02 <f g01 By f g02 f g01 Set to f g02 >f g01 In this way, when the first pivot element 1 moves between the first position and the second position, the optical lens 10 can obtain a larger zoom range, which is beneficial to improving the zoom performance of the optical lens 10.

[0182] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, when the first pivot element 1 is in the first position, that is, when the optical lens 10 is in a short focal length state, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 is... g01 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 g011 The first effective focal length F1 satisfies: the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ1=[1-β1] 2 ]α1 2 β1=f g011 / f g01 α1=F1 / f g011 And 0 < ξ1 ≤ 3. For example, ξ1 can be 2.25, 2.518, 2.263, 2.264, 2.212, etc.

[0183] By setting the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ1 to 0 < ξ1 ≤ 3, the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 can be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the focusing motor; at the same time, the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 can be avoided to be too short, which reduces the accuracy requirements of the focusing motor and helps to reduce costs.

[0184] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, when the first pivot element 1 is in the second position, that is, when the optical lens 10 is in a telephoto state, the effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 is... g02 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1 g021 The second effective focal length F2 satisfies: the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2=[1-β2] 2 ]α2 2 β2=f g021 / f g02 α2=F2 / f g021 And 0 < ξ2 ≤ 3. For example, ξ2 can be 2.263, 2.363, 2.192, 2.064, 2.212, etc.

[0185] By setting the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2 to 0 < ξ2 ≤ 3, the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 can be reduced, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the focusing motor; at the same time, the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 can be avoided to be too short, which reduces the accuracy requirements of the focusing motor and helps to reduce costs.

[0186] To facilitate understanding of the relationship between the stroke compression ratio and the focusing stroke, the definition and derivation of the stroke compression ratio will be explained below using the optical lens 10 in a short focal length state as an example:

[0187] As shown in Figure 9, Figure 9 is a focusing principle diagram of the optical lens 10 in the first embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state. The optical path in Figure 9 is illustrated by taking the paths of two light rays emitted from an object point on one axis of the photographed object as an example.

[0188] Let the initial object distance of the object photographed by the optical lens 10 be U, and the initial image distance be V. As shown in Figure 9(2), when the positions of the first front lens group G01, the first rear lens group G1, and the second rear lens group G2 remain unchanged, the change in object distance is ΔU, which is the absolute value of the difference between the target object distance and the initial object distance. The corresponding change in image distance is ΔV. As shown in Figure 9(3), during the focusing process, the positions of the first front lens group G01 and the second rear lens group G2 remain unchanged, the change in object distance is ΔU, and the moving distance (i.e., the focusing stroke) of the first rear lens group G1 is ΔX, so that the position of the image plane IMA remains unchanged.

[0189] Define ξ1 as: ξ1=△V / △X (Equation 2);

[0190] Based on Newton's formula, the relationship between the object distance, image distance, and effective focal length of the optical lens 10 satisfies:

[0191] 1 / U+1 / V=1 / F1 (Formula 3);

[0192] As shown in (1) and (2) of Figure 9, when the subject moves to the right by △U, the positions of the first front lens group G01, the first rear lens group G1, and the second rear lens group G2 remain unchanged, and the image plane IMA (i.e. the focal plane) of the optical lens 10 moves to the right by △V.

[0193] 1 / (U-△U)+1 / (V+△V)=1 / F1;

[0194] △V / △U=(V / U) 2 ≈(F1 / U) 2 Wherein, (V / U) 2 ≈(F1 / U) 2 The condition is that the absolute value of the object distance to the photographed object is much greater than the absolute value of the focal length, that is, |U|>>|F1|.

[0195] It can be seen that the image plane IMA of optical lens 10 shifts to the right by ΔV = ΔU(F1 / U). 2 (Equation 4);

[0196] As shown in Figure 9(2), when the subject moves △U to the right, the object distance from the subject to the principal plane of the first front lens group G01 is U0. The positions of the first front lens group G0, the first rear lens group G1, and the second rear lens group G2 remain unchanged. The distance that the image m1 formed by the system composed of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 moves to the right is:

[0197] △U(f g01 / U 01 ) 2 =△U(f g01 / U0) 2 (f g1 / U1) 2 (Equation 5);

[0198] Wherein, U1 represents the distance from the image m01 of the photographed object after passing through the first front lens group G01 to the principal surface of the first rear lens group G1; U 01 This represents the distance from the object plane of the photographed object to the principal plane of the combined system of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1. As shown in (3) of Figure 9, when the photographed object moves to the right by △U, the positions of the first front lens group G01, the second rear lens group G2 and the image plane IMA of the optical system remain unchanged, while the first rear lens group G1 moves to the left by △X.

[0199] The image m01 of the subject formed by the first front lens group G01 moves to the right by an amount of ΔU(f). g01 / U0) 2 ;

[0200] The image m1 formed by the first rear lens group G1 remains stationary, that is:

[0201] [△U(f g01 / U0) 2 +△X]·(f g1 / U1) 2 -△X=0 (Equation 6);

[0202] Assuming the object distance (absolute value) is much greater than the focal length (absolute value), we assume U0≈U 01 ≈U;

[0203] From equations 2 to 6, we can obtain: ξ1=△V / △X=[1-(f g011 / f g01 ) 2 ](F1 / f g011 ) 2 =[1-β1 2 ]α1 2 ;

[0204] From the formula for ξ1, it can be seen that the magnitude of ξ1 is related to f. g011 f g01 Related to F1.

[0205] As shown in Equation 2, the stroke compression ratio coefficient represents the change in image distance caused by the movement of the focusing lens group per unit distance. A larger stroke compression ratio coefficient results in a greater change in image distance per unit distance. During focusing, with a constant change in image distance, a larger stroke compression ratio coefficient results in a smaller focusing stroke ΔX; conversely, a smaller stroke compression ratio coefficient results in a larger focusing stroke ΔX. The physical meaning of the stroke compression ratio coefficient is to characterize the ratio of the focusing stroke of the scheme where the first rear lens group G1 is the focusing lens group (such as the schemes in Figures 6 and 7, i.e., the internal focusing scheme) to the focusing stroke of the scheme where the first front lens group G01, the first rear lens group G1, and the second rear lens group G2 move together for focusing. The advantage of the scheme where the first rear lens group G1 is the focusing lens group is that it has a shorter focusing stroke than the scheme where the first front lens group G01, the first rear lens group G1, and the second rear lens group G2 move together for focusing.

[0206] Similarly, when the optical lens 10 is in telephoto mode, the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2=[1-β2] 2 ]α2 2 .

[0207] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 g01 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 g011 The condition must satisfy: 0 < β1 ≤ 0.5; for example, β1 can be 0.364, 0.367, 0.370, 0.447, etc. Where β1 = f g011 / f g01 .

[0208] From the relation ξ1=[1-β1 2 ]α1 2 It can be seen that the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ1 is inversely proportional to the size of β1. By setting β1 to 0 < β1 ≤ 0.5, we can avoid β1 being too large, thereby avoiding the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ1 being too small. This is beneficial to reducing the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 and reducing the size of the focusing motor.

[0209] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1 g021 It satisfies: 0 < β² ≤ 0.5; for example, β² can be 0.416, 0.439, 0.453, 0.464, 0.448, etc. Where β² = f g021 / f g02 .

[0210] From the relation ξ2=[1-β2 2 ]α2 2 It can be seen that the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2 is inversely proportional to the magnitude of β2. By setting β2 to 0 < β2 ≤ 0.5, we can avoid β2 being too large, thereby avoiding the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2 being too small. This is beneficial to reducing the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 and reducing the size of the focusing motor.

[0211] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group G01 g01 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 g011 Satisfies: 0.75 ≤ 1 - β1 2 <1; where β1=f g011 / f g01 .

[0212] From the relation ξ1=[1-β1 2 ]α1 2 It can be seen that the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ1 and 1-β1 2 The magnitude is proportional to the value of 1-β1 2 Set to 0.75≤1-β12 <1, thus avoiding 1-β1 2 The coefficient of friction is neither too large nor too small, thus avoiding an excessively large or small stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ1. This can reduce the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1, which is beneficial for reducing the size of the focusing motor; it can also avoid the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 being too short, which reduces the accuracy requirements of the focusing motor and helps to reduce costs.

[0213] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the effective focal length f of the second front lens group G02 g02 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1 g021 Satisfies: 0.75 ≤ 1 - β² 2 <1; where β2=f g021 / f g02 .

[0214] From the relation ξ2=[1-β2 2 ]α2 2 It can be seen that the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2 and 1-β2 2 The magnitude is proportional to the value of 1-β2. 2 Set to 0.75≤1-β2 2 <1, thus avoiding 1-β2 2 The coefficient of friction is neither too large nor too small, thus avoiding an excessively large or too small stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2. This can reduce the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1, which is beneficial for reducing the size of the focusing motor; it can also avoid the focusing stroke of the first rear lens group G1 being too short, which reduces the accuracy requirements of the focusing motor and helps to reduce costs.

[0215] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, the combined focal length f of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1 is... g011 The first effective focal length F1 satisfies: 0 < α1 ≤ 2; for example, α1 can be 1.611, 1.706, 1.620, 1.620, 1.662, etc. Where α1 = F1 / f g011 .

[0216] From the relation ξ1=[1-β1 2 ]α1 2 It can be seen that the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ1 is proportional to α1. By setting α1 to 0 < α1 ≤ 2, we can avoid α1 being too large, thereby avoiding the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ1 being too large. This can reduce the accuracy requirements of the focusing motor and help reduce costs.

[0217] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG7, the combined focal length f of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1 is... g021The second effective focal length F2 satisfies: 0 < α2 ≤ 2; for example, α2 can be 1.655, 1.710, 1.661, 1.622, 1.663, etc. Where α2 = F2 / f g021 .

[0218] From the relation ξ2=[1-β2 2 ]α2 2 It can be seen that the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2 is proportional to α2. By setting α2 to 0 < α2 ≤ 2, we can avoid α2 being too large, thereby avoiding the stroke compression ratio coefficient ξ2 being too large. This can reduce the accuracy requirements of the focusing motor and help reduce costs.

[0219] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the optical power of the first front lens group G01, the second front lens group G02, and the first rear lens group G1 are all positive; the optical power of the second rear lens group G2 is negative.

[0220] By setting the optical power of the first front lens group G01 and the second front lens group G02 to positive, the first front lens group G01 and the second front lens group G02 focus the light beam, reducing the beam diameter, which in turn helps to reduce the diameter of the first rear lens group G1 and the second rear lens group G2. By setting the optical power of the first rear lens group G1 and the second rear lens group G2 in a combination of positive and negative settings, some aberrations can be canceled out, thereby reducing the aberrations of the optical lens 10 and ensuring the imaging quality of the optical lens 10.

[0221] Of course, the optical power of the first rear lens group G1 and the second rear lens group G2 are interchanged, that is, the optical power of the first rear lens group G1 is negative and the optical power of the second rear lens group G2 is positive.

[0222] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6 and FIG7, the first front lens group G01 and the second front lens group G02 each include a positive lens. Specifically, the first front lens group G01 includes a positive lens L011 and the second front lens group G02 includes a positive lens L021.

[0223] The first rear lens group G1 includes a first lens L11, a second lens L12, and a third lens L13 along the object-to-image direction. The first lens L11 and the third lens L13 both have positive optical power, and the second lens L12 has negative optical power. There is a gap between adjacent first lenses L11, second lenses L12, and third lenses L13.

[0224] The second rear lens group G2 includes a fourth lens L21 and a fifth lens L22 along the object-to-image direction. Both the fourth lens L21 and the fifth lens L22 have negative optical power, and there is a gap between the fourth lens L21 and the fifth lens L22.

[0225] By using a combination of positive, negative, and positive optical powers for the lenses in the first lens group G1, it is more beneficial to correct the aberrations of the optical lens 10. Since there are gaps between adjacent lenses L11, L12, and L13, the number of lens surfaces in the first rear lens group G1 is increased, which increases the design freedom of the first rear lens group G1 and is beneficial to correcting the aberrations of the optical lens 10.

[0226] By using a negative-negative combination of the optical powers of the lenses in the second rear lens group G2, it is beneficial to balance the optical power of the optical lens 10. Since there is a gap between the fourth lens L21 and the fifth lens L22, the number of lens surfaces in the second rear lens group G2 is increased, thus increasing the design freedom of the second rear lens group G2 and facilitating the correction of aberrations in the optical lens 10.

[0227] Of course, the fourth lens L21 can have both negative and positive optical power. In this way, the optical power of the lenses in the second rear lens group G2 is combined with positive and negative power, which is beneficial to the cancellation of positive and negative aberrations, and thus helps to correct the aberrations of the optical lens 10.

[0228] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the first deflection element 1 is a prism. The first deflection element 1 includes a first incident surface 11, a first exit surface 12, and a first reflecting surface 13. The first incident surface 11 is disposed facing the side where the front lens group G0 is located, and the first exit surface 12 is disposed facing the side where the first rear lens group G1 is located. The first reflecting surface 13 is used to reflect the light beam entering the interior of the first deflection element 1 from the first incident surface 11 to the first exit surface 12.

[0229] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 6 and 7, the first turning element 1 is a right-angle prism, the angle between the first incident surface 11 and the first exit surface 12 is a right angle, and the angle between the first reflecting surface 13 and the optical axis of the first rear lens group G1 is an acute angle, such as 45°.

[0230] Of course, the first turning element 1 can be a prism or a reflector.

[0231] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, the optical lens 10 further includes a first fixing cylinder 41, a first rear lens group G1 is disposed in the first fixing cylinder 41, and a spacer ring 51 is provided between adjacent pairs of the first lens L11, the second lens L12 and the third lens L13. A limiting flange 411 is provided at one end of the first fixing cylinder 41, and a pressure ring 52 is provided at the other end. The limiting flange 411 and the pressure ring 52 restrict the first rear lens group G1 within the first fixing cylinder 41.

[0232] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, at least one of the first lens L11, the second lens L12, and the third lens L13 is provided with a light-shielding ring 53 at its edge to eliminate stray light at the edge of the first lens group G1. The light-shielding ring 53 may be located at the edge of the second lens L12.

[0233] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, the optical lens 10 further includes a second fixing cylinder 42, the second rear lens group G2 is disposed in the second fixing cylinder 42, and a spacer ring 51 is provided between the fourth lens L21 and the fifth lens L22.

[0234] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6, at least one of the fourth lens L21 and the fifth lens L22 is provided with a light-shielding ring 53 at its edge to eliminate stray light at the edge of the second rear lens group G2. For example, the light-shielding ring 53 can be provided at the edges of the fourth lens L21 and the fifth lens L24, respectively.

[0235] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the telephoto state according to the second embodiment of this application. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 10 and the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 7 is that the optical lens 10 in Figure 10 has an added second bending element 3, as described below:

[0236] As shown in Figure 10, the optical lens 10 also includes a second deflection element 3, which is disposed on the image side of the second rear lens group G2. The second deflection element 3 is a prism and has a prism incident surface 31, a prism exit surface 32, and a prism reflecting surface 33. The prism incident surface 31 is disposed facing the side where the second rear lens group G2 is located, and the prism exit surface 32 is disposed facing the side where the image plane of the optical lens 10 is located. The prism exit surface 32 is parallel to the optical axis of the second rear lens group G2. The prism reflecting surface 33 is used to reflect the light beam that enters the second deflection element 3 from the prism incident surface 31 to the prism exit surface 32.

[0237] By setting the second bending element 3, the optical path of the optical lens 10 can be folded to reduce the size of the optical lens 10 along the first direction X, thereby reducing the space occupied by the optical lens 10 inside the electronic device. At the same time, it is beneficial to control the size of the photosensitive surface (i.e., image surface) of the photosensitive element 20 in the first direction X, so the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element 20 can be designed to be larger, reducing the space occupied by the photosensitive element 20 in the thickness direction Y of the electronic device.

[0238] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG10, the second turning element 3 is a right-angle prism, the angle between the prism incident surface 31 and the prism exit surface 32 is a right angle, and the angle between the prism reflecting surface 33 and the optical axis of the second rear lens group G2 is an acute angle, such as 45°.

[0239] Of course, the second turning element 3 can be a prism or a reflector.

[0240] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the telephoto state according to the third embodiment of this application. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 11 and the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 10 is that the prism exit surface 32 of the second deflection element 3 is inclined relative to the optical axis of the second rear lens group G2, as described below:

[0241] As shown in Figure 11, the second turning element 3 is a prism, and has a prism incident surface 31 and a prism exit surface 32. The prism incident surface 31 is set towards the side where the second rear lens group G2 is located, and the prism exit surface 32 is set towards the side where the image plane of the optical lens 10 is located. The prism exit surface 32 is tilted relative to the optical axis of the second rear lens group G2. For example, the angle between the prism exit surface 32 and the optical axis of the second rear lens group G2 can be 45°.

[0242] By tilting the prism exit surface 32 relative to the optical axis of the second rear lens group G2, the photosensitive element 3 also needs to be tilted relative to the optical axis of the second rear lens group G2 in order to receive the emitted light beam from the second deflection element 3. This reduces the size of the photosensitive element 3 in the second direction Y (i.e., the thickness direction of the electronic device), making the structure of the camera module 100 more compact and helping to reduce the thickness of the electronic device.

[0243] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11, the second deflection element 3 is a secondary reflection prism. The second deflection element 3 has a prism reflecting surface 33, which is connected between the prism incident surface 31 and the prism exit surface 32. The prism exit surface 32 is both a refraction surface and a reflection surface. The light beam entering the second deflection element 3 from the prism incident surface 31 is reflected twice by the prism exit surface 32 and the prism reflecting surface 33, and then exits the second deflection element 3 from the prism exit surface 32.

[0244] As shown in Figure 11, the first included angle θ1 between the prism exit surface 32 and the prism incident surface 31 is an acute angle, for example, the first included angle is 45°; the second included angle θ2 between the prism exit surface 32 and the prism reflecting surface 33 is an acute angle, for example, the second included angle is 30°; and the third included angle θ3 between the prism incident surface 31 and the prism reflecting surface 33 is an obtuse angle, for example, the third included angle is 105°.

[0245] Of course, the second turning element 3 is not limited to a secondary reflection prism, but can also be a tertiary reflection prism, a quaternary reflection prism, etc., without specific limitations here.

[0246] Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the fourth embodiment of this application when it is in telephoto mode. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 12 and the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 7 is that the front lens group G0 is composed differently, as described below:

[0247] As shown in Figure 12, the front lens group G0 also includes a third front lens group G03, which is positioned between the first front lens group G01 and the second front lens group G02. The first pivot element 1 also has a third position. When the first pivot element 1 is in the third position, it is located on the image side of the third front lens group G03, and the optical lens 10 has a third effective focal length F3, where F1 < F3 < F2, meaning the optical lens 10 is in a mid-focal length state. This configuration increases the zoom range of the optical lens 10, thereby improving its zoom performance.

[0248] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG12, the first front lens group G01 includes a positive lens (i.e., positive lens L011), the second front lens group G02 includes two positive lenses (i.e., positive lens L021 and positive lens L022), the two positive lenses in the second front lens group G02 are arranged apart, and the third front lens group G03 includes a positive lens (i.e., positive lens L031).

[0249] Since the second front lens group G02 contains two spaced-apart positive lenses, this is beneficial to increasing the number of lens surfaces in the second front lens group G02, increasing the degree of freedom in the design of the second front lens group G02, and thus facilitating the correction of aberrations in the optical lens 10.

[0250] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the fourth embodiment of this application when it is in a telephoto state. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 13 and the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 10 is that the movable lens group in the optical lens 10 is different, as described below:

[0251] As shown in Figure 13, the second rear lens group G2 is fixed relative to the first rear lens group G1 to form a rear lens group G10. The rear lens group G10 is a movable lens group and can move relative to the front lens group G0 along the first direction X. With this configuration, when the optical lens 10 switches between focusing on a distant scene and focusing on a close scene, the rear lens group G10 can move along the first direction X to achieve internal focusing of the optical lens 10. Furthermore, when the first pivot element 1 moves between the first position and the second position, the rear lens group G10 can move along the first direction X. For example, as shown in Figure 8, when the first pivot element 1 moves from the first position to the second position, the rear lens group G10 moves away from the first pivot element 1 to prevent drift of the image plane IMA of the optical lens 10, thereby keeping the position of the image plane IMA of the optical lens 10 unchanged.

[0252] Figure 14a is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the fifth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state, and Figure 14b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the fifth embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 14a and 14b and the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 6 and 7 is that the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 14a and 14b has an added light-shielding device 2, as described below:

[0253] As shown in Figures 14a and 14b, a light-shielding device 2 is provided on the object side of the first turning element 1. As shown in Figure 14a, when the first turning element 1 is in the first position, the light-shielding device 2 is used to block the light beam (i.e. the first light beam) directed toward the image side of the second front lens group G02. The first light beam can be the incident light beam of the second front lens group G02 (as shown in Figure 14a), the outgoing light beam of the second front lens group G02, or the light beam between the lenses of the second front lens group G02.

[0254] As shown in Figure 14b, when the first turning element 1 is in the second position, the light-blocking device 2 is used to block the light beam (i.e. the second light beam) directed toward the image side of the first front lens group G01. The second light beam can be the incident light beam of the first front lens group G01 (as shown in Figure 14b), the outgoing light beam of the first front lens group G01, or the light beam between the lenses of the first front lens group G01.

[0255] By setting the light-shielding device 2, as shown in Figure 14a, when the first deflection element 1 is in the first position, the light-shielding device 2 can prevent the light beam from entering the interior of the optical lens 1 from the second front lens group G02, thereby avoiding the generation of stray light that would affect the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 in the short focal length state; as shown in Figure 14b, when the first deflection element 1 is in the second position, the light-shielding device 2 can prevent the light beam from entering the interior of the optical lens 1 from the first front lens group G01, thereby avoiding the generation of stray light that would affect the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 in the long focal length state.

[0256] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 14a and 14b, the light-shielding device 2 includes a first variable aperture stop 21 and a second variable aperture stop 22. The first variable aperture stop 21 is disposed on the object side of the first front lens group G01, and the second variable aperture stop 22 is disposed on the object side of the second front lens group G02.

[0257] As shown in Figure 14a, when the first deflection element 1 is in the first position, the first variable aperture stop 21 is in the open state and the second variable aperture stop 22 is in the closed state to block the incident light beam of the second front lens group G02; as shown in Figure 14b, when the first deflection element 1 is in the second position, the first variable aperture stop 21 is in the closed state to block the incident light beam of the first front lens group G01, and the second variable aperture stop 22 is in the open state.

[0258] With this configuration, the light-blocking device 2 can not only prevent stray light from being generated by the optical lens 10, but also, when the first turning element 1 is in the first position, the first variable aperture stop 21 can precisely control the amount of light transmitted by the optical lens 10 according to the brightness of the subject, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 in the short focal length state; when the first turning element 1 is in the second position, the second variable aperture stop 22 can precisely control the amount of light transmitted by the optical lens 10 according to the brightness of the subject, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical lens 10 in the long focal length state.

[0259] The first variable aperture stop 21 can be disposed on the object side of the first front lens group G01, the image side of the first front lens group G01, or between the lenses of the first front lens group G01; the second variable aperture stop 22 can be disposed on the object side of the second front lens group G02, the image side of the second front lens group G02, or between the lenses of the second front lens group G02.

[0260] Figure 14c is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the sixth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state, and Figure 14d is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the sixth embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 14c and 14d and the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 14a and 14b is that the structure of the light-shielding device 2 is different, as described below:

[0261] As shown in Figures 14c and 14d, the light-shielding device 2 includes a shielding plate 23. The shielding plate 23 is disposed on the image side of the front lens group G0 and can move relative to the front lens group G0. As shown in Figure 14c, when the first deflection element 1 is in the first position, the shielding plate 23 moves to the image side of the second front lens group G02 to block the emitted light beam of the second front lens group G02. As shown in Figure 14d, when the first deflection element 1 is in the second position, the shielding plate 23 moves to the image side of the first front lens group G01 to block the emitted light beam of the first front lens group G01.

[0262] By setting the light-shielding device 2 as a movable shield 23, the shield 23 can block the emitted light beam of the first front lens group G01 or the second front lens group G02 by moving. This eliminates the need to set shields 23 at the positions of the first front lens group G01 and the second front lens group G02 respectively, which helps to simplify the structure of the light-shielding device 2 and thus helps to reduce the cost of the optical lens 10.

[0263] In addition to being disposed on the image side of the front lens group G0, the shield 23 can also be disposed on the object side of the front lens group G0. Specifically, the shield 23 is disposed on the object side of the front lens group G0 and can move relative to the front lens group G0. When the first bending element 1 is in the first position, the shield 23 moves to the object side of the second front lens group G02 to block the incident light beam of the second front lens group G02. When the first bending element 1 is in the second position, the shield 23 moves to the object side of the first front lens group G01 to block the incident light beam of the first front lens group G01.

[0264] Figure 15a is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state, and Figure 15b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. In both Figures 15a and 15b, the optical paths of the first transition element 1 and the second transition element 3 are expanded and replaced by parallel plates. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 15a and 15b and the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 10 lies in the different configuration of the second rear lens group G2, as described below:

[0265] As shown in Figures 15a and 15b, the fifth lens L22 includes a positive lens L221 and a negative lens L222 spaced apart. The combined optical power of the positive lens L221 and the negative lens L222 is negative. This arrangement is equivalent to splitting the fifth lens L22 into a positive lens L221 and a negative lens L222. This increases the number of lens surfaces in the second rear lens group G2, increasing the design freedom of the second rear lens group G2, and thus facilitating the correction of optical lens aberrations.

[0266] As shown in Figures 15a and 15b, the positive lens L221 can be positioned between the fourth lens L21 and the negative lens L222, but it is not limited to this. The negative lens L222 can be positioned between the positive lens L221 and the fourth lens L21.

[0267] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 15a and 15b, an air gap exists between the positive lens L221 and the negative lens L222. Of course, the medium between the positive lens L221 and the negative lens L222 is not limited to air; it can also be other media, such as nitrogen, an adhesive layer, etc.

[0268] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 15a and 15b, the first front lens group G01 includes a positive lens L011, and the second front lens group G02 includes a positive lens L021 and a negative lens L022 along the object-to-image direction. By using a combination of positive and negative optical powers in the lenses of the second front lens group G02, aberrations can be canceled out, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical lens 10.

[0269] The optical lens 10 shown in Figures 15a and 15b will be explained in detail below, based on specific parameters and simulation results.

[0270] As shown in Tables 1.1 to 1.4, Table 1.1 shows the main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in the short focal length state; Table 1.2 shows the main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in the long focal length state; Table 1.3 shows the aspherical coefficients of each surface of the optical element when the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application is in the short focal length state; and Table 1.4 shows the aspherical coefficients of each surface of the optical element when the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application is in the long focal length state.

[0271] Table 1.1 Main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the short focal length state in the seventh embodiment of this application

[0272] The units for the parameters of radius of curvature, thickness, and light transmission radius in the table are all in mm.

[0273] S1 represents the object-side surface of the positive lens L011, and S2 represents the image-side surface of the positive lens L011. PRISM1 represents the first prism element 1, which is a prism with light-refracting function; S3 represents the first light-incident surface 11 of the first prism element 1, and S4 represents the first light-outceasing surface 12 of the first prism element 1; S6 represents the object-side surface of the first lens L11, and S9 represents the image-side surface of the first lens L11. S10 represents the object-side surface of the second lens L12, and S11 represents the image-side surface of the second lens L12. S12 represents the object-side surface of the third lens L13, and S13 represents the image-side surface of the third lens L13. S14 represents the object-side surface of the fourth lens L21, and S15 represents the image-side surface of the fourth lens L21. S16 represents the object-side surface of the positive lens L221, and S17 represents the image-side surface of the positive lens L221. S18 represents the object-side surface of the negative lens L222, and S19 represents the image-side surface of the negative lens L222. PRISM2 represents the second prism element 3, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S20 represents the prism incident surface 31 of the second prism element 3; S21 represents the prism exit surface 32 of the second prism element 3; IRCF represents the filter, which is an infrared filter, S22 is the object-side surface of the filter, and S23 is the image-side surface of the filter; IMA represents the image plane, which can be the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.

[0274] In the table, the surface number S is in the "Thickness" parameter column. n The corresponding numerical value means surface number S n Surface to surface number S n+1 The distance of the surface along the optical axis; the rule for the sign of the thickness parameter is as follows: Starting with S... n The vertex of the surface (the intersection with the optical axis) is the origin for calculation, S n+1 A vertex on the right of a surface is considered positive, while a vertex on the left is considered negative.

[0275] The radii of curvature in the table are the radii of curvature of the corresponding surface number at the optical axis; the rules for the sign of the radii of curvature parameter are as follows: Starting with S... n The vertex of the surface is the origin of the calculation; positive values ​​are those with the center of the sphere on the right, and negative values ​​are those with the center of the sphere on the left. A radius of curvature of 0.00E+00 indicates that the surface corresponding to this parameter is a plane with an infinite radius of curvature.

[0276] It should be noted that the rules for the plus or minus signs before the thickness parameters and the radius of curvature parameters in this table, as well as the surface number S in the "Thickness" parameter column of the table, are as follows. n The interpretation of the corresponding numerical values ​​also applies to the tables below.

[0277] Table 1.2 Main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the telephoto state in the seventh embodiment of this application

[0278] The units for the parameters of radius of curvature, thickness, and light transmission radius in the table are all in mm.

[0279] S1 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L021, and S2 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L021; S3 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L022, and S4 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L022; PRISM1 represents the first prism element 1, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S5 represents the first light-incident surface 11 of the first prism element 1, and S6 represents the first light-outceasing surface 12 of the first prism element 1; S8 represents the object-side surface of first lens L11, and S9 represents the image-side surface of first lens L11; S10 represents the object-side surface of second lens L12, and S11 represents the image-side surface of second lens L12; S12 represents the object-side surface of third lens L13, and S13 represents the image-side surface of third lens L13; S14 represents the object-side surface of fourth lens L21, and S15 represents the image-side surface of fourth lens L21; S16 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L221, and S17 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L221. S18 represents the object-side surface of the negative lens L222, and S19 represents the image-side surface of the negative lens L222. PRISM2 represents the second prism element 3, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S20 represents the prism incident surface 31 of the second prism element 3; S21 represents the prism exit surface 32 of the second prism element 3; IRCF represents the filter, which is an infrared filter, S22 is the object-side surface of the filter, and S23 is the image-side surface of the filter; IMA represents the image plane, which can be the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.

[0280] [Amended according to Rule 26, 27.05.2026] In some embodiments, the aspherical surface in the optical lens 10 can be defined using the following aspherical curve equation:

[0281] Where z is the relative distance between a point on the aspherical surface at a distance r from the optical axis and the tangent plane at the intersection point on the optical axis; r is the perpendicular distance between a point on the aspherical curve and the optical axis; c is the curvature; K is the cone coefficient; A i For the i-th order aspherical coefficients, see Tables 1.3 and 1.4 for details.

[0282] Table 1.3 Aspherical coefficients of various surfaces of the optical elements when the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application is in a short focal length state.

[0283] Table 1.4 Aspherical coefficients of various surfaces of the optical elements when the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application is in telephoto mode.

[0284] As shown in Tables 1.5, 1.6 and 1.7, Table 1.5 shows the basic optical path parameters of the optical lens 10 in the short focal length state in the seventh embodiment of this application, Table 1.6 shows the basic optical path parameters of the optical lens 10 in the long focal length state in the seventh embodiment of this application, and Table 1.7 shows the relevant parameters and ξ value of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application.

[0285] Table 1.5 Basic parameters of the optical path when the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application is in short focal length state.

[0286] Table 1.6 Basic parameters of the optical path when the optical lens 10 in the telephoto state in the seventh embodiment of this application

[0287] Table 1.7 Relevant parameters and ξ values ​​of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application; where the object distance is INIFINITY.

[0288] In Tables 1.5 to 1.7, F1 is the first effective focal length of the optical lens 10; F2 is the second effective focal length of the optical lens 10; f L011 f is the focal length of the positive lens L011; L021 f is the focal length of the positive lens L021; L022 f is the focal length of the negative lens L022; L11 f is the focal length of the first lens L11. L12 f is the focal length of the second lens L12. L13 f is the focal length of the third lens L13. L21 f is the focal length of the fourth lens L21. L221 f is the focal length of the positive lens L221. L222 f is the focal length of the negative lens L222. g01 f is the effective focal length of the first front lens group G01. g02 f is the effective focal length of the second front lens group G02. g1 f is the effective focal length of the first rear lens group G1. g2 f is the effective focal length of the second rear lens group G2. g011 f is the combined focal length of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1. g021 β1 is the combined focal length of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1, and β1 is the first focal length allocation ratio, β1 = f g011 / f g01 β2 is the second focal length allocation ratio, β2 = f g021 / fg02 α1 is the third focal length allocation ratio, α1=F1 / f g011 α2 is the fourth focal length allocation ratio, α2 = F2 / f g021 ξ1 is the stroke compression ratio coefficient of the first rear lens group G1 when the optical lens 10 is in the short focal length state; ξ2 is the stroke compression ratio coefficient of the first rear lens group G1 when the optical lens 10 is in the long focal length state; L is the travel distance of the first pivot element 1 between the first position and the second position; coefficient k = [(β1-1)] 2 / β1]-[(β2-1) 2 / β2).

[0289] Figure 15c shows the axial spherical aberration curve of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state; Figure 15d shows the field curvature and distortion curve of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state; Figure 15e shows the axial spherical aberration curve of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state; and Figure 15f shows the field curvature and distortion curve of the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. Figures 15c to 15f show the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (the illustrations include 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm, and 435nm).

[0290] The axial spherical aberration curves in the figure illustrate the deviation of light of a corresponding wavelength emitted at a 0-degree field of view from the ideal image point after passing through the optical system; the horizontal axis represents the deviation value along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinates at the pupil. The deviation values ​​in Figures 15c and 15e are relatively small, indicating good correction of axial spherical aberration in the optical lens.

[0291] The field curvature curves in the figures illustrate the deviation of the convergence point of the fine beam from the ideal imaging plane in different fields of view. x represents the beam in the sagittal direction, and y represents the beam in the meridional direction. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. When a field value is too large, the image quality of that field is poor or higher-order aberrations exist. The field curvatures in Figures 15d and 15f are both relatively small, indicating that the system has good depth of focus.

[0292] The distortion curves in the figures illustrate the relative deviation between the beam convergence point (actual image height) and the ideal image height for different fields of view. The deviations shown in Figures 15d and 15f are small, ensuring that the image is not significantly distorted.

[0293] Therefore, the optical lens 10 in the seventh embodiment of this application achieves low light aberration control and obtains clear image quality through reasonable surface shape and gap design.

[0294] Figure 16a is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state, and Figure 16b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. In Figures 16a and 16b, the optical paths of the first transition element 1 and the second transition element 3 are both expanded and replaced by parallel plates. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 16a and 16b and the optical lens 10 shown in Figure 10 is that the composition of the first rear lens group G1 is different, as described below:

[0295] As shown in Figures 16a and 16b, the second lens L12 includes a positive lens L121 and a negative lens L122 spaced apart. The combined optical power of the positive lens L121 and the negative lens L122 is negative. This arrangement is equivalent to splitting the second lens L12 into a positive lens L121 and a negative lens L122. This increases the number of lens surfaces in the first rear lens group G1, increasing the design freedom of the first rear lens group G1, and thus facilitating the correction of optical lens aberrations.

[0296] As shown in Figures 16a and 16b, the positive lens L121 can be positioned between the first lens L11 and the negative lens L122, but it is not limited to this. The positive lens L121 can also be positioned between the third lens L13 and the negative lens L122.

[0297] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 16a and 16b, an air gap exists between the positive lens L121 and the negative lens L122. Of course, the medium between the positive lens L121 and the negative lens L122 is not limited to air; it can also be other media, such as nitrogen, an adhesive layer, etc.

[0298] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 16a and 16b, the first front lens group G01 includes a positive lens L011 and a negative lens L012 along the object-to-image direction; the second front lens group G02 includes a positive lens L021 and a negative lens L022 along the object-to-image direction. By using a combination of positive and negative optical powers in the lenses of the second front lens group G02, aberrations can be canceled out, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical lens 10.

[0299] The optical lens 10 shown in Figures 16a and 16b will be explained in detail below, based on specific parameters and simulation results.

[0300] As shown in Tables 2.1 to 2.4, Table 2.2 shows the main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application when it is in the short focal length state, Table 2.3 shows the aspherical coefficients of each surface of the optical element when the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application is in the short focal length state, and Table 2.4 shows the aspherical coefficients of each surface of the optical element when the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application is in the long focal length state.

[0301] Table 2.1 Main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application when it is in short focal length mode

[0302] In the table, the units for the parameters radius of curvature, thickness, and light transmission radius are all in mm. A radius of curvature of INF indicates that the surface corresponding to this parameter is a plane, and the radius of curvature is infinite.

[0303] S1 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L011, S2 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L011, S3 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L012, S4 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L012, PRISM1 represents the first prism element 1, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S5 represents the first light-incident surface 11 of the first prism element 1, S6 represents the first light-exit surface 12 of the first prism element 1; S7 represents the object-side surface of first lens L11, S8 represents the image-side surface of first lens L11; S9 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L121, S10 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L121; S11 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L122, S12 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L122. S13 represents the object-side surface of the third lens L13, S14 represents the image-side surface of the third lens L13, S15 represents the object-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S16 represents the image-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S17 represents the object-side surface of the fifth lens L22, and S18 represents the image-side surface of the fifth lens L22. PRISM2 represents the second prism element 3, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S19 represents the prism incident surface 31 of the second prism element 3; S20 represents the prism exit surface 32 of the second prism element 3; IRCF represents the filter, which is an infrared filter, S21 is the object-side surface of the filter, and S22 is the image-side surface of the filter; IMA represents the image plane, which can be the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.

[0304] Table 2.2 Main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the telephoto state in the eighth embodiment of this application

[0305] In the table, the units for the parameters radius of curvature, thickness, and light transmission radius are all in mm. A radius of curvature of INF indicates that the surface corresponding to this parameter is a plane, and the radius of curvature is infinite.

[0306] S1 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L021, S2 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L021, S3 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L022, S4 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L022, PRISM1 represents the first prism element 1, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S5 represents the first light-incident surface 11 of the first prism element 1, S6 represents the first light-exit surface 12 of the first prism element 1; S7 represents the object-side surface of first lens L11, S8 represents the image-side surface of first lens L11; S9 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L121, S10 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L121; S11 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L122, S12 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L122. S13 represents the object-side surface of the third lens L13, S14 represents the image-side surface of the third lens L13, S15 represents the object-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S16 represents the image-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S17 represents the object-side surface of the fifth lens L22, and S18 represents the image-side surface of the fifth lens L22. PRISM2 represents the second prism element 3, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S19 represents the prism incident surface 31 of the second prism element 3; S20 represents the prism exit surface 32 of the second prism element 3; IRCF represents the filter, which is an infrared filter, S21 is the object-side surface of the filter, and S22 is the image-side surface of the filter; IMA represents the image plane, which can be the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.

[0307] Table 2.3 Aspherical coefficients of various surfaces of the optical elements when the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application is in a short focal length state.

[0308] Table 2.4 Aspherical coefficients of various surfaces of the optical elements when the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application is in telephoto mode.

[0309] As shown in Tables 2.5, 2.6 and 2.7, Table 2.5 shows the basic optical path parameters of the optical lens 10 in the short focal length state in the eighth embodiment of this application, Table 2.6 shows the basic optical path parameters of the optical lens 10 in the long focal length state in the eighth embodiment of this application, and Table 2.7 shows the relevant parameters and ξ value of the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application.

[0310] Table 2.5 Basic parameters of the optical path when the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application is in short focal length state.

[0311] Table 2.6 Basic parameters of the optical path when the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application is in telephoto mode

[0312] Table 2.7 Relevant parameters and ξ values ​​of the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application; wherein, the object distance is INIFINITY.

[0313] In Tables 2.5 to 2.7, F1 is the first effective focal length of the optical lens 10; F2 is the second effective focal length of the optical lens 10; f L011 f is the focal length of the positive lens L011; L012 f is the focal length of the negative lens L012; L021 f is the focal length of the positive lens L021; L022 f is the focal length of the negative lens L022; L11 f is the focal length of the first lens L11. L12 f is the focal length of the second lens L12. L13 f is the focal length of the third lens L13. L21 f is the focal length of the fourth lens L21. L221 f is the focal length of the positive lens L221. L222 f is the focal length of the negative lens L222. g01 f is the effective focal length of the first front lens group G01. g02 f is the effective focal length of the second front lens group G02. g1 f is the effective focal length of the first rear lens group G1. g2 f is the effective focal length of the second rear lens group G2. g011 f is the combined focal length of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1. g021 β1 is the combined focal length of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1, and β1 is the first focal length allocation ratio, β1 = f g011 / f g01 β2 is the second focal length allocation ratio, β2 = f g021 / f g02 α1 is the third focal length allocation ratio, α1=F1 / f g011 α2 is the fourth focal length allocation ratio, α2 = F2 / f g021 ξ1 is the stroke compression ratio coefficient of the first rear lens group G1 when the optical lens 10 is in the short focal length state; ξ2 is the stroke compression ratio coefficient of the first rear lens group G1 when the optical lens 10 is in the long focal length state; L is the travel distance of the first pivot element 1 between the first position and the second position; coefficient k = [(β1-1)]2 / β1]-[(β2-1) 2 / β2).

[0314] Figure 16c shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state. Figure 16d shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. Figures 16c and 16d show the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (the figures include 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm, and 435nm).

[0315] The axial spherical aberration curves in the figure illustrate the deviation of light of a corresponding wavelength emitted at a 0-degree field of view from the ideal image point after passing through the optical system; the horizontal axis represents the deviation value along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinates at the pupil. The deviation values ​​in Figures 16c and 16d are relatively small, indicating good correction of axial spherical aberration in the optical lens.

[0316] The field curvature curves in the figure illustrate the deviation of the convergence point of the fine beam from the ideal imaging plane in different fields of view. x represents the beam in the sagittal direction, and y represents the beam in the meridional direction. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. When a field value is too large, the image quality of that field is poor or higher-order aberrations exist. The field curvatures in Figures 16c and 16d are both relatively small, indicating that the system has good depth of focus.

[0317] The distortion curves in the figures illustrate the relative deviation between the beam convergence point (actual image height) and the ideal image height for different fields of view. The deviations shown in Figures 16c and 16d are small, ensuring that the image is not significantly distorted.

[0318] Therefore, the optical lens 10 in the eighth embodiment of this application achieves low light aberration control and obtains clear image quality through reasonable surface shape and gap design.

[0319] Figure 17a is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state, and Figure 17b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. In Figures 17a and 17b, the optical paths of the first transition element 1 and the second transition element 3 are both unfolded and replaced by parallel plates. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 17a and 17b and the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 15a and 15b is that the specific parameters of the optical lens 10 are different.

[0320] The optical lens 10 shown in Figures 17a and 17b will be explained in detail below, based on specific parameters and simulation results.

[0321] As shown in Tables 3.1 to 3.4, Table 3.1 shows the main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in the short focal length state; Table 3.2 shows the main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in the long focal length state; Table 3.3 shows the aspherical coefficients of each surface of the optical element when the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application is in the short focal length state; and Table 3.4 shows the aspherical coefficients of each surface of the optical element when the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application is in the long focal length state.

[0322] Table 3.1 Main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the short focal length state in the ninth embodiment of this application

[0323] In the table, the units for the parameters radius of curvature, thickness, and light transmission radius are all in mm. A radius of curvature of INF indicates that the surface corresponding to this parameter is a plane, and the radius of curvature is infinite.

[0324] S1 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L011, S2 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L011, S3 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L012, S4 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L012, PRISM1 represents the first prism element 1, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S5 represents the first light-incident surface 11 of the first prism element 1, S6 represents the first light-exit surface 12 of the first prism element 1; S7 represents the object-side surface of first lens L11, S8 represents the image-side surface of first lens L11; S9 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L121, S10 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L121; S11 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L122, S12 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L122. S13 represents the object-side surface of the third lens L13, S14 represents the image-side surface of the third lens L13, S15 represents the object-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S16 represents the image-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S17 represents the object-side surface of the fifth lens L22, and S18 represents the image-side surface of the fifth lens L22. PRISM2 represents the second prism element 3, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S19 represents the prism incident surface 31 of the second prism element 3; S20 represents the prism exit surface 32 of the second prism element 3; IRCF represents the filter, which is an infrared filter, S21 is the object-side surface of the filter, and S22 is the image-side surface of the filter; IMA represents the image plane, which can be the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.

[0325] Table 3.2 Main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the telephoto state in the ninth embodiment of this application

[0326] In the table, the units for the parameters radius of curvature, thickness, and light transmission radius are all in mm. A radius of curvature of INF indicates that the surface corresponding to this parameter is a plane, and the radius of curvature is infinite.

[0327] S1 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L021, S2 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L021, S3 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L022, S4 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L022, PRISM1 represents the first prism element 1, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S5 represents the first light-incident surface 11 of the first prism element 1, S6 represents the first light-exit surface 12 of the first prism element 1; S7 represents the object-side surface of first lens L11, S8 represents the image-side surface of first lens L11; S9 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L121, S10 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L121; S11 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L122, S12 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L122. S13 represents the object-side surface of the third lens L13, S14 represents the image-side surface of the third lens L13, S15 represents the object-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S16 represents the image-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S17 represents the object-side surface of the fifth lens L22, and S18 represents the image-side surface of the fifth lens L22. PRISM2 represents the second prism element 3, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S19 represents the prism incident surface 31 of the second prism element 3; S20 represents the prism exit surface 32 of the second prism element 3; IRCF represents the filter, which is an infrared filter, S21 is the object-side surface of the filter, and S22 is the image-side surface of the filter; IMA represents the image plane, which can be the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.

[0328] Table 3.3 Aspherical coefficients of various surfaces of the optical elements when the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application is in a short focal length state.

[0329] Table 3.4 Aspherical coefficients of various surfaces of the optical elements when the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application is in telephoto mode.

[0330] Table 3.5 Basic parameters of the optical path when the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application is in short focal length state.

[0331] Table 3.6 Basic parameters of the optical path when the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application is in telephoto mode

[0332] Table 3.7 Relevant parameters and ξ values ​​of the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application; wherein, the object distance is INIFINITY.

[0333] In Tables 3.5 to 3.7, F1 is the first effective focal length of the optical lens 10; F2 is the second effective focal length of the optical lens 10; f L011 f is the focal length of the positive lens L011; L012 f is the focal length of the negative lens L012; L021 f is the focal length of the positive lens L021; L022 f is the focal length of the negative lens L022; L11 f is the focal length of the first lens L11. L12 f is the focal length of the second lens L12. L13 f is the focal length of the third lens L13. L21 f is the focal length of the fourth lens L21. L221 f is the focal length of the positive lens L221. L222 f is the focal length of the negative lens L222. g01 f is the effective focal length of the first front lens group G01. g02 f is the effective focal length of the second front lens group G02. g1 f is the effective focal length of the first rear lens group G1. g2 f is the effective focal length of the second rear lens group G2. g011 f is the combined focal length of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1. g021 β1 is the combined focal length of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1, and β1 is the first focal length allocation ratio, β1 = f g011 / f g01 β2 is the second focal length allocation ratio, β2 = f g021 / f g02 α1 is the third focal length allocation ratio, α1=F1 / f g011 α2 is the fourth focal length allocation ratio, α2 = F2 / f g021 ξ1 is the stroke compression ratio coefficient of the first rear lens group G1 when the optical lens 10 is in the short focal length state; ξ2 is the stroke compression ratio coefficient of the first rear lens group G1 when the optical lens 10 is in the long focal length state; L is the travel distance of the first pivot element 1 between the first position and the second position; coefficient k = [(β1-1)] 2 / β1]-[(β2-1) 2 / β2).

[0334] Figure 17c shows the axial spherical aberration curve of the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state; Figure 17d shows the field curvature and distortion curve of the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state; Figure 17e shows the axial spherical aberration curve of the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state; and Figure 17f shows the field curvature and distortion curve of the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. Figures 17c to 17f show the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (the illustrations include 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm, and 435nm).

[0335] The axial spherical aberration curves in the figure illustrate the deviation of light of a corresponding wavelength emitted at a 0-degree field of view from the ideal image point after passing through the optical system; the horizontal axis represents the deviation value along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinates at the pupil. The deviation values ​​in Figures 17c and 17e are relatively small, indicating good correction of axial spherical aberration in the optical lens.

[0336] The field curvature curves in the figures illustrate the deviation of the convergence point of the fine beam from the ideal imaging plane in different fields of view. x represents the sagittal beam, and y represents the meridional beam. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. When a field value is too large, the image quality of that field is poor or higher-order aberrations exist. The field curvatures in Figures 17d and 17f are relatively small in both directions, indicating that the system has good depth of focus.

[0337] The distortion curves in the figures illustrate the relative deviation between the beam convergence point (actual image height) and the ideal image height for different fields of view. The deviations shown in Figures 17d and 17f are small, ensuring that the image is not significantly distorted.

[0338] Therefore, the optical lens 10 in the ninth embodiment of this application achieves low light aberration control and obtains clear image quality through reasonable surface shape and gap design.

[0339] Figure 18a is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state, and Figure 18b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. In Figures 18a and 18b, the optical paths of the first transition element 1 and the second transition element 3 are both expanded and replaced by parallel plates. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 18a and 18b and the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 15a and 15b is that the specific parameters of the optical lens 10 are different.

[0340] The optical lens 10 shown in Figures 18a and 18b will be explained in detail below with reference to specific parameters and simulation results.

[0341] Table 4.1 Main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application when it is in short focal length mode

[0342] In the table, the units for the parameters radius of curvature, thickness, and light transmission radius are all in mm. A radius of curvature of INF indicates that the surface corresponding to this parameter is a plane, and the radius of curvature is infinite.

[0343] S1 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L011, S2 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L011, S3 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L012, S4 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L012, PRISM1 represents the first prism element 1, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S5 represents the first light-incident surface 11 of the first prism element 1, S6 represents the first light-exit surface 12 of the first prism element 1; S7 represents the object-side surface of first lens L11, S8 represents the image-side surface of first lens L11; S9 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L121, S10 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L121; S11 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L122, S12 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L122. S13 represents the object-side surface of the third lens L13, S14 represents the image-side surface of the third lens L13, S15 represents the object-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S16 represents the image-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S17 represents the object-side surface of the fifth lens L22, and S18 represents the image-side surface of the fifth lens L22. PRISM2 represents the second prism element 3, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S19 represents the prism incident surface 31 of the second prism element 3; S20 represents the prism exit surface 32 of the second prism element 3; IRCF represents the filter, which is an infrared filter, S21 is the object-side surface of the filter, and S22 is the image-side surface of the filter; IMA represents the image plane, which can be the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.

[0344] Table 4.2 Main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application when it is in telephoto mode

[0345] In the table, the units for the parameters radius of curvature, thickness, and light transmission radius are all in mm. A radius of curvature of INF indicates that the surface corresponding to this parameter is a plane, and the radius of curvature is infinite.

[0346] S1 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L021, S2 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L021, S3 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L022, S4 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L022, PRISM1 represents the first prism element 1, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S5 represents the first light-incident surface 11 of the first prism element 1, S6 represents the first light-exit surface 12 of the first prism element 1; S7 represents the object-side surface of first lens L11, S8 represents the image-side surface of first lens L11; S9 represents the object-side surface of positive lens L121, S10 represents the image-side surface of positive lens L121; S11 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L122, S12 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L122. S13 represents the object-side surface of the third lens L13, S14 represents the image-side surface of the third lens L13, S15 represents the object-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S16 represents the image-side surface of the fourth lens L21, S17 represents the object-side surface of the fifth lens L22, and S18 represents the image-side surface of the fifth lens L22. PRISM2 represents the second prism element 3, which is a prism with light-reflecting function; S19 represents the prism incident surface 31 of the second prism element 3; S20 represents the prism exit surface 32 of the second prism element 3; IRCF represents the filter, which is an infrared filter, S21 is the object-side surface of the filter, and S22 is the image-side surface of the filter; IMA represents the image plane, which can be the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.

[0347] Table 4.3 Aspherical coefficients of various surfaces of the optical elements when the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application is in a short focal length state.

[0348] Table 4.4 Aspherical coefficients of various surfaces of the optical elements when the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application is in telephoto mode.

[0349] As shown in Tables 4.5, 4.6 and 4.7, Table 4.5 shows the basic optical path parameters of the optical lens 10 in the short focal length state in the tenth embodiment of this application, Table 4.6 shows the basic optical path parameters of the optical lens 10 in the long focal length state in the tenth embodiment of this application, and Table 4.7 shows the relevant parameters and ξ value of the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application.

[0350] Table 4.5 Basic parameters of the optical path when the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application is in short focal length state.

[0351] Table 4.6 Basic parameters of the optical path in the telephoto state of the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application

[0352] Table 4.7 Relevant parameters and ξ values ​​of the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application; wherein, the object distance is INIFINITY.

[0353] In Tables 4.5 to 4.7, F1 is the first effective focal length of the optical lens 10; F2 is the second effective focal length of the optical lens 10; f L011 f is the focal length of the positive lens L011; L012 f is the focal length of the negative lens L012; L021 f is the focal length of the positive lens L021; L022 f is the focal length of the negative lens L022; L11 f is the focal length of the first lens L11. L12 f is the focal length of the second lens L12. L13 f is the focal length of the third lens L13. L21 f is the focal length of the fourth lens L21. L221 f is the focal length of the positive lens L221. L222 f is the focal length of the negative lens L222. g01 f is the effective focal length of the first front lens group G01. g02 f is the effective focal length of the second front lens group G02. g1 f is the effective focal length of the first rear lens group G1. g2 f is the effective focal length of the second rear lens group G2. g011 f is the combined focal length of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1. g021 β1 is the combined focal length of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1, and β1 is the first focal length allocation ratio, β1 = f g011 / f g01 β2 is the second focal length allocation ratio, β2 = f g021 / f g02 α1 is the third focal length allocation ratio, α1=F1 / f g011 α2 is the fourth focal length allocation ratio, α2 = F2 / f g021 ξ1 is the stroke compression ratio coefficient of the first rear lens group G1 when the optical lens 10 is in the short focal length state; ξ2 is the stroke compression ratio coefficient of the first rear lens group G1 when the optical lens 10 is in the long focal length state; L is the travel distance of the first pivot element 1 between the first position and the second position; coefficient k = [(β1-1)] 2 / β1]-[(β2-1) 2 / β2).

[0354] Figure 18c shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state. Figure 18d shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. Figures 18c and 18d show the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (the figures include 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm, and 435nm).

[0355] The axial spherical aberration curves in the figure illustrate the deviation of light of a corresponding wavelength emitted at a 0-degree field of view from the ideal image point after passing through the optical system; the horizontal axis represents the deviation value along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinates at the pupil. The deviation values ​​in Figures 18c and 18d are relatively small, indicating good correction of axial spherical aberration in the optical lens.

[0356] The field curvature curves in the figures illustrate the deviation of the convergence point of the fine beam from the ideal imaging plane in different fields of view. x represents the beam in the sagittal direction, and y represents the beam in the meridional direction. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. When a field value is too large, the image quality of that field is poor or higher-order aberrations exist. The field curvatures in Figures 18c and 18d are relatively small in both directions, indicating that the system has good depth of focus.

[0357] The distortion curves in the figures illustrate the relative deviation between the beam convergence point (actual image height) and the ideal image height for different fields of view. The deviations shown in Figures 18c and 18d are small, ensuring that the image is not significantly distorted.

[0358] Therefore, the optical lens 10 in the tenth embodiment of this application achieves low light aberration control and obtains clear image quality through reasonable surface shape and gap design.

[0359] Figure 19a is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state, and Figure 19b is a schematic diagram of the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. In Figures 19a and 19b, the optical paths of the first transition element 1 and the second transition element 3 are both expanded and replaced by parallel plates. The main difference between the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 19a and 19b and the optical lens 10 shown in Figures 15a and 15b is that the optical power configuration of each lens in the second rear lens group G2 is different, as detailed below:

[0360] As shown in Figures 19a and 19b, the fifth lens L22 includes two negative lenses spaced apart, namely negative lens L221 and negative lens L222. This arrangement is equivalent to splitting the fifth lens L22 into negative lens L221 and negative lens L222, which helps to increase the number of lens surfaces in the second rear lens group G2, increases the degree of freedom in the design of the second rear lens group G2, and thus facilitates the correction of optical lens aberrations.

[0361] The optical lens 10 shown in Figures 19a and 19b will be explained in detail below, based on specific parameters and simulation results.

[0362] As shown in Tables 5.1 to 5.4, Table 5.1 shows the main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application when it is in the short focal length state; Table 5.2 shows the main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application when it is in the long focal length state; Table 5.3 shows the aspherical coefficients of each surface of the optical element when the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application is in the short focal length state; and Table 5.4 shows the aspherical coefficients of each surface of the optical element when the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application is in the long focal length state.

[0363] Table 5.1 Main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application when it is in short focal length mode

[0364] The units for the parameters of radius of curvature, thickness, and light transmission radius in the table are all in mm.

[0365] STO stands for Stop, which limits the size of the light-gathering aperture and affects the amount of light entering the optical system. STO is located on the object side of the positive lens L01. S2 represents the object-side surface of the positive lens L011, and S3 represents the image-side surface of the positive lens L011. PRISM1 represents the first prism element 1, which is a prism with light-reflecting function. S4 represents the first light-incident surface 11 of the first prism element 1, and S6 represents the first light-exit surface 12 of the first prism element 1. S7 represents the object-side surface of the first lens L11, and S8 represents the image-side surface of the first lens L11. S9 represents the object-side surface of the second lens L12, and S10 represents the image-side surface of the second lens L12. S11 represents the object-side surface of the third lens L13, and S12 represents the image-side surface of the third lens L13. S13 represents the object-side surface of the fourth lens L21, and S14 represents the image-side surface of the fourth lens L21. S15 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L221, and S16 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L221. S17 represents the object-side surface of negative lens L222, and S18 represents the image-side surface of negative lens L222. PRISM2 represents the second prism element 3, which is a prism with light-reflecting properties; S19 represents the prism incident surface 31 of the second prism element 3; S20 represents the prism exit surface 32 of the second prism element 3; IRCF represents the filter, which is an infrared filter, with S21 being the object-side surface of the filter and S22 being the image-side surface of the filter; IMA represents the image plane, which can be the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.

[0366] Table 5.2 Main parameters of the optical lens 10 in the telephoto state in the eleventh embodiment of this application

[0367] The units for the parameters of radius of curvature, thickness, and light transmission radius in the table are all in mm.

[0368] STO stands for Stop, which limits the size of the light-gathering aperture and affects the amount of light entering the optical system. STO is located on the object side of the positive lens L01. S2 represents the object-side surface of the positive lens L021, and S3 represents the image-side surface of the positive lens L021. S4 represents the object-side surface of the negative lens L022, and S5 represents the image-side surface of the negative lens L022. PRISM1 represents the first prism element 1, which is a prism with light-refracting function. S6 represents the first light-incident surface 11 of the first prism element 1, and S7 represents the first light-exit surface 12 of the first prism element 1. S8 represents the object-side surface of the first lens L11, and S9 represents the image-side surface of the first lens L11. S10 represents the object-side surface of the second lens L12, and S11 represents the image-side surface of the second lens L12. S12 represents the object-side surface of the third lens L13, and S13 represents the image-side surface of the third lens L13. S14 represents the object-side surface of the fourth lens L21, and S15 represents the image-side surface of the fourth lens L21. S16 represents the object-side surface of the negative lens L221, and S17 represents the image-side surface of the negative lens L221. S18 represents the object-side surface of the negative lens L222, and S19 represents the image-side surface of the negative lens L222. PRISM2 represents the second prism element 3, which is a prism with light-refracting function; S20 represents the prism incident surface 31 of the second prism element 3; S21 represents the prism exit surface 32 of the second prism element 3; IRCF represents the filter, which is an infrared filter; S22 represents the object-side surface of the filter, and S23 represents the image-side surface of the filter; IMA represents the image plane, which can be the photosensitive surface of the photosensitive element.

[0369] Table 5.3 Aspherical coefficients of various surfaces of the optical elements when the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application is in a short focal length state.

[0370] Table 5.4 Aspherical coefficients of various surfaces of the optical elements when the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application is in telephoto mode.

[0371] As shown in Tables 5.5, 5.6 and 5.7, Table 5.5 shows the basic optical path parameters of the optical lens 10 in the short focal length state in the eleventh embodiment of this application, Table 5.6 shows the basic optical path parameters of the optical lens 10 in the long focal length state in the eleventh embodiment of this application, and Table 5.7 shows the relevant parameters and ξ value of the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application.

[0372] Table 5.5 Basic parameters of the optical path when the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application is in short focal length state.

[0373] Table 5.6 Basic parameters of the optical path in the telephoto state of the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application

[0374] Table 5.7 Relevant parameters and ξ values ​​of the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application; wherein, the object distance is INIFINITY.

[0375] In Tables 5.5 to 5.7, F1 is the first effective focal length of the optical lens 10; F2 is the second effective focal length of the optical lens 10; f L011 f is the focal length of the positive lens L011; L021 f is the focal length of the positive lens L021; L022 f is the focal length of the negative lens L022; L11 f is the focal length of the first lens L11. L12 f is the focal length of the second lens L12. L13 f is the focal length of the third lens L13. L21 f is the focal length of the fourth lens L21. L221 f is the focal length of the negative lens L221. L222 f is the focal length of the negative lens L222. g01 f is the effective focal length of the first front lens group G01. g02 f is the effective focal length of the second front lens group G02. g1 f is the effective focal length of the first rear lens group G1. g2 f is the effective focal length of the second rear lens group G2. g011 f is the combined focal length of the first front lens group G01 and the first rear lens group G1. g021 β1 is the combined focal length of the second front lens group G02 and the first rear lens group G1; β2 is the first focal length allocation ratio, β1 is the second focal length allocation ratio, and α1 is the third focal length allocation ratio, where α1 = F1 / f g011 α2 is the fourth focal length allocation ratio, α2 = F2 / f g021 ξ1 is the stroke compression ratio coefficient of the first rear lens group G1 when the optical lens 10 is in the short focal length state; ξ2 is the stroke compression ratio coefficient of the first rear lens group G1 when the optical lens 10 is in the long focal length state; L is the travel distance of the first pivot element 1 between the first position and the second position; coefficient k = [(β1-1)] 2 / β1]-[(β2-1) 2 / β2).

[0376] Figure 19c shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application when it is in a short focal length state. Figure 19d shows the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve of the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application when it is in a long focal length state. Figures 19c and 19d show the axial spherical aberration curve, field curvature curve, and distortion curve corresponding to different wavelengths of the system (the figures include 650nm, 610nm, 555nm, 510nm, 470nm, and 435nm).

[0377] The axial spherical aberration curves in the figure illustrate the deviation of light of a corresponding wavelength emitted at a 0-degree field of view from the ideal image point after passing through the optical system; the horizontal axis represents the deviation value along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the normalized coordinates at the pupil. The deviation values ​​in Figures 19c and 19d are relatively small, indicating good correction of axial spherical aberration in the optical lens.

[0378] The field curvature curves in the figure illustrate the deviation of the convergence point of the fine beam from the ideal imaging plane in different fields of view. x represents the beam in the sagittal direction, and y represents the beam in the meridional direction. The horizontal axis represents the deviation along the optical axis, and the vertical axis represents the corresponding field of view. When a field value is too large, the image quality of that field is poor or higher-order aberrations exist. The field curvatures in Figures 19c and 19d are relatively small in both directions, indicating that the system has good depth of focus.

[0379] The distortion curves in the figures illustrate the relative deviation between the beam convergence point (actual image height) and the ideal image height for different fields of view. The deviations shown in Figures 19c and 19d are small, ensuring that the image is not significantly distorted.

[0380] Therefore, the optical lens 10 in the eleventh embodiment of this application achieves low light aberration control and obtains clear image quality through reasonable surface shape and gap design.

[0381] The types of cross-sectional lines in the accompanying drawings are for distinguishing different components and should not be construed as limiting the materials of the components. The accompanying drawings are for illustrating structural composition and are not shown to scale of the actual product.

[0382] While the description of this application is presented in conjunction with some embodiments, this does not mean that the features of this application are limited to this embodiment. On the contrary, the purpose of describing the application in conjunction with embodiments is to cover other options or modifications that may arise based on the claims of this application. To provide a thorough understanding of this application, many specific details will be included in the following description. This application may also be implemented without using these details. Furthermore, to avoid confusion or obscuring the focus of this application, some specific details will be omitted in the description. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0383] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and "fifth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and "fifth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0384] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0385] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application. "Multiple" refers to at least two.

[0386] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" as described in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0387] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

An optical lens, characterized in that, It includes a front lens group (G0), a first pivot element (1), a first rear lens group (G1), and a second rear lens group (G2) arranged along the object-to-image direction; The front lens group (G0) includes a first front lens group (G01) and a second front lens group (G02) arranged along a first direction (X), the first direction (X) being parallel to the optical axis of the first rear lens group (G1); the first deflection element (1) is movable along the first direction (X) between a first position and a second position. When the first deflection element (1) is located in the first position, the first deflection element (1) is located on the image side of the first front lens group (G01), and the first deflection element (1) is used to reflect the outgoing light beam of the first front lens group (G01) to the first rear lens group (G1), and the optical lens has a first effective focal length F1. When the first deflection element (1) is in the second position, the first deflection element (1) is located on the image side of the second front lens group (G02). The first deflection element (1) is used to reflect the outgoing light beam of the second front lens group (G02) to the first rear lens group (G1). The optical lens has a second effective focal length F2, which is greater than the first effective focal length F1. The movement L of the first deflection element (1) between the first position and the second position satisfies: L≤23mm. The optical lens according to claim 1 is characterized in that, When the first turning element (1) is located in the first position, the total length of the optical system consisting of the first front lens group (G01), the first turning element (1), the first rear lens group (G1) and the second rear lens group (G2) is TTL1. When the first turning element (1) is located in the second position, the total length of the optical system consisting of the second front lens group (G02), the first turning element (1), the first rear lens group (G1), and the second rear lens group (G2) is TTL2. When the first turning element (1) moves between the first position and the second position, the image plane position of the optical lens remains unchanged; TTL1 and TTL2 satisfy: TTL2-TTL1≤23mm. The optical lens according to claim 2 is characterized in that, The effective focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) g02 and the effective focal length f of the first rear lens group (G1) g1 satisfy: TTL2-TTL1=|f g02 -f g01 +k·f g1 |; where k satisfies: 0≤|k|<1. The optical lens according to claim 3 is characterized in that, The effective focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) g01 The effective focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) g02 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) and the first rear lens group (G1) g011 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) and the first rear lens group (G1) g021 satisfy: k=[(β1-1) 2 / β1]-[(β2-1) 2 / β2];β1=f g011 / f g01 ;β2=f g021 / f g02 。 The optical lens according to claim 3 or 4 is characterized in that, k satisfies: 0.28≤k≤0.46; or 0≤k≤0.

005. The optical lens according to any one of claims 2 to 5 is characterized in that, TTL1 and TTL2 satisfy the condition: TTL2-TTL1≥8.1mm. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is characterized in that, The effective focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) g01 With the effective focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) g02 satisfy: 4.5mm≤|f g02 -f g01 |≤12.9mm。 The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized in that, The effective focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) g02 The effective focal length f is greater than that of the first front lens group (G01). g01 . The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that, The object side of the first turning element (1) is provided with a light-shielding device (2). When the first turning element (1) is in the first position, the light-shielding device (2) is used to block the light beam that is directed toward the image side of the second front lens group (G02). When the first turning element (1) is in the second position, the light-shielding device (2) is used to block the light beam that is directed toward the image side of the first front lens group (G01). The optical lens according to claim 9 is characterized in that, The light-shielding device (2) includes a first variable aperture stop (21) and a second variable aperture stop (22); The first variable aperture stop (21) is disposed on the object side or image side of the first front lens group (G01), or disposed between the lenses of the first front lens group (G01); The second variable aperture stop (22) is disposed on the object side or image side of the second front lens group (G02), or disposed between the lenses of the second front lens group (G02). The optical lens according to claim 9 is characterized in that, The light-shielding device (2) includes a baffle plate (23); The shield (23) is disposed on the image side of the front lens group (G0) and can move relative to the front lens group (G0). When the first turning element (1) is located in the first position, the shield (23) moves to the image side of the second front lens group (G02); when the first turning element (1) is located in the second position, the shield (23) moves to the image side of the first front lens group (G01). Alternatively, the shield (23) is disposed on the object side of the front lens group (G0) and is movable relative to the front lens group (G0). When the first turning element (1) is located in the first position, the shield (23) moves to the object side of the second front lens group (G02); when the first turning element (1) is located in the second position, the shield (23) moves to the object side of the first front lens group (G01). The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is characterized in that, The first rear lens group (G1) is a movable lens group and can move relative to the front lens group (G0) along the first direction (X). The second rear lens group (G2) is a fixed lens group and is fixed relative to the front lens group (G0) along the first direction (X). The optical lens according to claim 12 is characterized in that, When the first deflection element (1) is in the first position, the effective focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) is... g01 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) and the first rear lens group (G1) g011 The first effective focal length F1 satisfies: ξ1=[1-β1 2 ]α1 2 β1=f g011 / f g01 α1=F1 / f g011 And 0 < ξ1 ≤ 3; When the first turning element (1) is in the second position, the effective focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) is... g02 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) and the first rear lens group (G1) g021 The second effective focal length F2 satisfies: ξ2=[1-β2] 2 ]α2 2 β2=f g021 / f g02 α2=F2 / f g021 And 0 < ξ2 ≤ 3. The optical lens according to claim 12 or 13 is characterized in that, The effective focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) g01 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) and the first rear lens group (G1) g011 Satisfies: 0 < β1 ≤ 0.5; where β1 = f g011 / f g01 ; The effective focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) g02 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) and the first rear lens group (G1) g021 It satisfies: 0 < β² ≤ 0.5; where β² = f g021 / f g02 . The optical lens according to claim 12 or 13 is characterized in that, The effective focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) g01 The combined focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) and the first rear lens group (G1) g011 Satisfies: 0.75 ≤ 1 - β1 2 <1; where β1=f g011 / f g01 ; The effective focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) g02 The combined focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) and the first rear lens group (G1) g021 Satisfies: 0.75 ≤ 1 - β² 2 <1; where β2=f g021 / f g02 . The optical lens according to any one of claims 12 to 15 is characterized in that, The combined focal length f of the first front lens group (G01) and the first rear lens group (G1) g011 The first effective focal length F1 satisfies: 0 < α1 ≤ 2; where α1 = F1 / f g011 ; The combined focal length f of the second front lens group (G02) and the first rear lens group (G1) g021 The second effective focal length F2 satisfies: 0 < α2 ≤ 2; where α2 = F2 / f g021 . The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 16 is characterized in that, The optical power of the first front lens group (G01), the second front lens group (G02), and the first rear lens group (G1) is positive; the optical power of the second rear lens group (G2) is negative. The optical lens according to claim 17 is characterized in that, Both the first front lens group (G01) and the second front lens group (G02) include at least one positive lens; The first rear lens group (G1) includes a first lens (L11), a second lens (L12), and a third lens (L13) along the object-to-image direction. The first lens (L11) and the third lens (L13) both have positive optical power, the second lens (L12) has negative optical power, and there is a gap between adjacent lenses of the first lens (L11), the second lens (L12), and the third lens (L13). The second rear lens group (G2) includes a fourth lens (L21) and a fifth lens (L22) along the object-to-image direction. The fourth lens (L21) has negative or positive optical power, and the fifth lens (L22) has negative optical power. There is a gap between the fourth lens (L21) and the fifth lens (L22). The optical lens according to claim 18 is characterized in that, The second lens (L12) includes a positive lens and a negative lens that are spaced apart. The optical lens according to claim 18 or 19 is characterized in that, The fifth lens (L22) includes a positive lens and a negative lens that are spaced apart; or, the fifth lens (L22) includes two negative lenses that are spaced apart. The optical lens according to any one of claims 1 to 20 is characterized in that, The optical lens further includes a second deflection element (3) disposed on the image side of the second rear lens group (G2). The second deflection element (3) is a prism and has a prism incident surface (31) and a prism exit surface (32). The prism incident surface (31) is disposed on the side where the second rear lens group (G2) is located, and the prism exit surface (32) is disposed on the side where the image plane of the optical lens is located. The prism exit surface (32) is tilted relative to the optical axis of the second rear lens group (G2). A camera module, characterized in that, It includes a photosensitive element (20) and an optical lens (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the photosensitive element (20) is disposed on the image side of the optical lens (10). An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a housing and a camera module (100) as described in claim 22, the camera module (100) being mounted on the housing (200).

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