Motorized roller board for lateral patient transfer

Abstract

A patient transfer device includes a first roller and a second roller each extending from the first end to a second end of the patient transfer device in a longitudinal direction. The first and second rollers are rotatably coupled to a first end bar on the first end of the device. The second roller is spaced apart from the first roller in a lateral direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The device includes a belt extending between and supported by each of the first roller and the second roller. The belt is configured to advance in a first rotational direction around the first roller and the second roller. A motor is coupled to the first roller and configured to rotate the first roller to advance the belt. The device includes a controller in electrical communication with the motor, the controller configured to selectively activate the motor.

Description

MOTORIZED ROLLER BOARD FOR LATERAL PATIENT TRANSFER CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 640,362, filed April 30, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND

[0002] Healthcare continues to be one of the highest occupational risk industries, with more occupational claims than any other industry. A significant portion of these claims are related to back, neck, and shoulder strain injuries incurred from patient transfer activities. Several patienthandling technologies exist on the market, yet transfer-related injuries continue to be the largest driver of claims. Recent literature has demonstrated that powered, mechanical transfer devices are significantly more effective in reducing muscle strain and injuries in supine lateral patient transfers (SLPTs) and patient positioning activities compared to static products. However, utilization of systems such as air-assisted mats and powered beds remains low, due to implementation barriers, cost, and access challenges. In order to effectively reduce healthcare worker strain-related injuries stemming from SLPTs, a need exists for a product that provides mechanical assistance in lateral transfer, while maintaining high portability and accessibility for utilization in places like the operating room (OR), intensive care unit (ICU), and emergency environments.SUMMARY

[0003] Disclosed herein are systems, methods, and devices for patient transfer. This disclosure provides a motor-driven patient roller board device and system that can be rapidly deployed, easily stored, and accessed in any clinical environment. The disclosed device integrates a roller board with a rotary actuator (e.g., motor) engaged in a roller system to drive the rolling process. The disclosed device substantially reduces the lifting, pushing, and pulling exertions experienced by healthcare workers during supine lateral patient transfers. The disclosed device may allow for single-person patient transfers and significantly reduce healthcare injury. In some implementations of the device, the following features are included in various combinations with the others: battery-driven; portable and lightweight (e.g., aluminum or carbon fiber); remote-driven with safety shut-off features; charging station (e.g., hanging rack on the wall); and easily accessible in, for example, an operating room, ICU room, medical-surgical room, radiology suite, or emergency trauma bay to allow rapid deployment and accessibility. In other implementations, the disclosed device may be used in applications beyond the hospital environment, such as nursing homes or EMS and ambulance workflows. The disclosed device may also have applications outside of healthcare. For example, the disclosed device may be used in mortuary and decedent transfers. The disclosed device may be used in construction, retail operations (e.g., grocery stores), logistics / delivery operations, and / or manufacturing where a portable, battery-powered conveyor belt could be advantageous.

[0004] One implementation of the present disclosure is a patient transfer device. The patient transfer device includes a first end bar, a first roller, a second roller, a belt, a motor, and a controller. The first end bar is disposed on a first end of the patient transfer device. The first roller extends from the first end to a second end of the patient transfer device in a longitudinal direction. The first roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar. The second roller extends from the first end to the second end of the patient transfer device in the longitudinal direction. The second roller is spaced apart from the first roller a first distance in a lateral direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The second roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar. The belt extends between and is supported by each of the first roller and the second roller. The belt extends around the patient transfer device to define a first surface and a second surface each extending substantially parallel to each other. The belt is configured to advance in a first rotational direction around the first roller and the second roller. The motor is coupled to the first roller and configured to rotate the first roller to advance the belt in the first rotational direction. The controller is in electrical communication with the motor, and the controller is configured to selectively activate the motor.

[0005] In some implementations, the patient transfer device further includes a second end bar disposed on the second end of the patient transfer device opposite from the first end bar, the first and second rollers being rotatably coupled to the second end bar.

[0006] In some implementations, the patient transfer device further includes at least one supporting member extending longitudinally from the first end bar to the second end bar within a central cavity defined at least in part by the belt of the patient transfer device.

[0007] In some implementations, the patient transfer device further includes at least one low friction board extending across the patient transfer device between the first and second ends, theat least one low friction board being substantially parallel to the first surface of the belt, wherein the at least one low friction board is configured to provide a low coefficient of friction with the belt.

[0008] In some implementations, the motor is coupled to a first gear, the first roller is coupled to a second gear, and a toothed belt extends between and around the first and second gears to facilitate torque transfer between the motor and the first roller.

[0009] In some implementations, the motor is coupled to a gearbox configured to adjust the speed or torque transferred from an output shaft of the motor to the first roller.

[0010] In some implementations, the patient transfer device further includes a control switch coupled to a portion of the first end bar, the control switch being in electrical communication with the controller to selectively initiate the motor.

[0011] In some implementations, the patient transfer device further includes a remote control in wireless communication with the controller, the remote control being in electrical communication with the controller to selectively initiate the motor.

[0012] In some implementations, one or more of (i) an inner surface of the belt and (ii) an outer surface of the first roller includes a high-friction material such that rotation of the first roller will initiate movement of the belt.

[0013] In some implementations, the first roller includes an elastically deformable wrap extending circumferentially around the first roller, the belt engaging with the elastically deformable wrap.

[0014] In some implementations, the patient transfer device further includes a tension mechanism disposed at least partially within the first end bar, the tension mechanism including at least one fastener engaged with the second roller and configured to selectively move the second roller to a second distance in the lateral direction from the first roller, wherein, when the second distance is greater than the first distance, a tension of the belt increases.

[0015] In some implementations, the motor is a first motor engaged with a first end of the first roller, the patient transfer device further including a second motor disposed on and engaged with a second end of the first roller.

[0016] In some implementations, the motor is disposed within a cavity of the first roller.

[0017] In some implementations, a system is disclosed, the system including a patient transfer device and a dock. The patient transfer device includes a first end bar disposed on a first end ofthe patient transfer device, the first end bar defining a charging port. A first roller extends from the first end to a second end of the patient transfer device in a longitudinal direction, wherein the first roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar. A second roller extends from the first end to the second end of the patient transfer device in the longitudinal direction, wherein the second roller is spaced apart from the first roller a first distance in a lateral direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The second roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar. A belt extends between and is supported by each of the first roller and the second roller, the belt extending around the patient transfer device to define a first surface and a second surface each extending substantially parallel to each other. The belt is configured to advance in a first rotational direction around the first roller and the second roller. A motor is coupled to the first roller and configured to rotate the first roller to advance the belt in the first rotational direction. A controller is in electrical communication with the motor, the controller configured to selectively activate the motor. The dock includes a plurality of frame members defining a cavity configured to receive the patient transfer device. The dock further includes at least one retention clip configured to engage with a portion of the patient transfer device and an electrical connector extending from a portion of the plurality of frame members and in electrical communication with a power source. When the patient transfer device is inserted into the cavity of the dock, the charging port of the first end bar of the patient transfer device is configured to receive the electrical connector to charge a battery of the patient transfer device.

[0018] In some implementations, the system further includes a remote control in wireless communication with the controller of the patient transfer device, the remote control including at least one button for initiating motion of the belt.

[0019] According to another implementation, a method of transferring a patient is disclosed. The method includes placing a patient transfer device under a first side of the patient disposed on a first transfer surface. The patient transfer device includes a first end bar disposed on a first end of the patient transfer device. The patient transfer device further includes a first roller extending from the first end to a second end of the patient transfer device in a longitudinal direction, wherein the first roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar. The patient transfer device further includes a second roller extending from the first end to the second end of the patient transfer device in the longitudinal direction, wherein the second roller is spaced apart from the first roller a first distance in a lateral direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, wherein the second roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar. The patient transfer device further includes a belt extending between and supported by each of the first roller and thesecond roller, the belt extending around the patient transfer device to define a first surface and a second surface each extending substantially parallel to each other, wherein the belt is configured to advance in a first rotational direction around the first roller and the second roller. The patient transfer device further includes a motor coupled to the first roller and configured to rotate the first roller to advance the belt in the first rotational direction. The patient transfer device further includes a controller in electrical communication with the motor, the controller configured to selectively activate the motor. The method further includes activating the motor of the patient transfer device to rotate the first roller in a first rotational direction to advance the belt in the first rotational direction. The method further includes moving the patient along the first surface of the belt of the patient transfer device from the first transfer surface to a second transfer surface a distance away from the first transfer surface.

[0020] In some implementations, the first transfer surface and the second transfer surface on which the patient is disposed is one of a gurney or hospital bed.

[0021] In some implementations, activating the motor includes activating a button or switch in electrical communication with the motor.

[0022] In some implementations, a method, further including: adjusting, via a tension mechanism at least partially disposed within the first end bar, the distance between the first roller and the second roller to increase or decrease tension in the belt.

[0023] In some implementations, the method further includes detecting, via an accelerometer disposed within the patient transfer device, an orientation of the patient transfer device; and communicating, via a visual indicator, the first rotational direction of the belt based on the detected orientation from the accelerometer.

[0024] Additional advantages will be set forth in part in the description which follows or may be learned by practice. The advantages will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive, as claimed.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] FIG. 1 shows a patient transfer device, according to one implementation.

[0026] FIG. 2 shows a top view of the device of FIG. 1 along with an exemplary docking station, according to one implementation.

[0027] FIG. 3 shows a front view of the device of FIG. 1.

[0028] FIG. 4 shows a back view of the device of FIG. 1.

[0029] FIG. 5 shows the patient transfer device of FIG. 1 without the belt, according to one implementation.

[0030] FIG. 6 shows the patient transfer device of FIG. 1 without the belt or the low-friction board so that the internal structure is visible, according to one implementation.

[0031] FIG. 7 shows a detailed view of the patient transfer device of FIG. 6, according to one implementation.

[0032] FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of the patient transfer device taken along line 8-8 in FIG. 2.

[0033] FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of the patient transfer device taken along line 9-9 in FIG. 3.

[0034] FIG. 10 shows a remote control, according to one implementation.

[0035] FIG. 11 shows another view of the remote control of FIG. 10.

[0036] FIG. 12 shows a side view of the remote control of FIG. 10.

[0037] FIG. 13 shows a bottom view of the remote control of FIG. 10.

[0038] FIG. 14 shows a patient transfer device, according to another implementation.

[0039] FIG. 15 shows a method of using the disclosed device with a patient, according to one implementation.

[0040] FIG. 16 shows a top view of a patient transfer device, according to one implementation.

[0041] FIG. 17 shows a front view of an end of the first frame of the device of FIG. 3, according to one implementation.

[0042] FIG. 18 shows a sectioned top view of a first frame, rollers, and motor of the disclosed patient transfer device, according to one implementation.

[0043] FIG. 19 shows a sectioned top view of a first frame, rollers, and motor of the disclosed patient transfer device, according to another implementation.

[0044] FIG. 20 shows a sectioned top view of a first frame, rollers, and motor of the disclosed patient transfer device, according to another implementation.

[0045] FIG. 21 shows a sectioned top view of a first frame, rollers, and motor of the disclosed patient transfer device, according to another implementation.

[0046] FIG. 22A shows a device having an upper and lower device operating in conjunction with each other, according to one implementation.

[0047] FIG. 22B shows a device having an upper and lower device operating in conjunction with each other, according to another implementation.

[0048] FIGS. 23 and 24 show the operation of a device of FIGS. 22 A or 22B with a patient, according to one implementation.

[0049] Various objects, aspects, features, and advantages of the disclosure will become more apparent and better understood by referring to the detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference characters identify corresponding elements throughout. In the drawings, like reference numbers generally indicate identical, functionally similar, and / or structurally similar elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Referring generally to the figures, patient transfer devices, systems, and methods are shown, according to various implementations.Example Systems and Devices

[0051] FIGS. 1-9 show a patient transfer device 100, according to one implementation. As shown in FIG. 1, the device 100 includes a first end 102 and a second end 104 opposite and spaced apart from the first end 102 along a longitudinal axis 101 of the device 100. The device 100 further includes a first side 106 and a second side 108 opposite and spaced apart from the first side 106 along a lateral axis 103 of the device 100, the lateral axis 103 being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 101.

[0052] The device 100 further includes a first end bar 110 on the first end 102 of the device 100 and a second end bar 112 on the second end 104 of the device 100. Each of the end bars 110, 112 are rigid, frame-like members extending in the lateral direction between the first and second sides 106, 108 of the device 100. The first and second end bars 110, 112 may include aluminum, carbon fiber, or composite material. As further described herein, each of the end bars 110, 112 define a cavity within which various mechanical and / or electrical components are housed.

[0053] As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the device 100 includes a first roller 120a and a second roller 120b. Each of the rollers 120a, 120b extend longitudinally from the first end 102 of the device 100 to the second end 104 of the device 100. The rollers 120a, 120b are coupled to each of the end bars 110, 112 on the respective ends of the device (e.g., via one or more bearings). The first roller 120a is disposed on the first side 106 of the device 100, and the second roller 120b is disposed on the on the second side 108 of the device 100. The rollers 120a, 120b are cylindrical in shape and configured to rotate about a central axis of the respective roller 120a, 120b (e.g., via one or more bearings).

[0054] The rollers 120a, 120b include aluminum or other rigid material. Furthermore, the rollers 120a, 120b include a wrap 122a, 122b extending circumferentially around the rollers 120a, 120b. The wraps 122a, 122b comprise a soft and high-friction material. For example, the wraps 122a, 122b around each roller 120a, 120b include a silicon material resilient enough to avoid harm to a patient while in use. In use, the wraps 122a, 122b are configured to deform in response to an applied weight (e.g., the weight of a patient to avoid patient harm). The wraps 122a, 122b that are disposed around the rollers 120a, 120b further ensure that there is limited or no slip in the system as the belt 130 processes around the rollers 120a, 120b and the associated wraps 122a, 122b.

[0055] In other implementations, the wraps may include a plurality of teeth and / or channels alignable with a plurality of teeth and / or channels along the underside of the belt of the device. For example, in some implementations, the belt itself is provided as a timing belt or similar structure engageable with gear-like rollers on the sides of the device. In such implementations, the underside of the belt engages with the outer surface of the rollers and / or a wrap disposed thereon to ensure no slippage as the belt moves around the rollers.

[0056] The first roller 120a is a powered roller coupled to a first motor 140, shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The first motor 140 is disposed within a central cavity of the device 100 adjacent to the rollers 120a and the first end bar 110. The first motor 140 includes an output shaft coupled to a first motor gear 142 (e.g., a toothed gear). The first roller 120a includes a first roller gear 124 (e.g., a toothed gear) aligned with the first motor gear 142 in the lateral direction. A toothed belt 148 extends between the first motor gear 142 and the first roller gear 124. For example, FIG. 14 includes a similar belt as would extend between the first motor gear 142 and the first roller gear 124. Thus, the first motor 140 is configured to provide power and / or torque to rotate the first roller 120a.

[0057] As shown in FIG. 6, a second motor 144 is disposed within the central cavity of the device 100 adjacent to the second end bar 112. The first roller 120a includes a second roller gear 126 adjacent to a second motor gear 146. A toothed belt 149 extends between the second motor gear 146 and the second roller gear 126. Thus, the second motor 144 is configured to provide power and / or torque to rotate the first roller 120a. The first and second motors 140, 144 thus work in tandem to rotate the first roller 120a (e.g., via a controller in communication with each of the motors). In other implementations, only one motor may be present. In other implementations, more than two motors may be present. In other implementations, the location of the motor within the device may be different than shown (e.g., centrally located).

[0058] The first and second motors 140, 144 are coupled to their respective gears 142, 146 via a shaft coupler. However, in other implementations, the motors, the shaft coupler, and / or the gears are provided within a gearbox or transmission. The gearbox may be configured to control the output torque and speed delivered from the motor to the corresponding roller. In some implementations, the speed and / or torque may be adjustable by a user and corresponding settings stored in the device (e.g., in a memory of a controller). In some implementations, the speed and / or torque may be adjusted based on a corresponding load applied to the device.

[0059] In some implementations, the gearbox includes a clutch mechanism configured to selectively engage and disengage the output shaft of the motor from the corresponding gear and / or belt. For example, in some implementations, the clutch may be disengaged by default so that the first roller may freely rotate (e.g., if a patient or object is moved manually across the belt of the device). If the device is powered on or a directional button is pressed to begin the motion of the belt, the clutch may engage to allow motion transfer from the motor to the first roller.

[0060] The second roller 120b is an idler roller that freely rotates. However, in other implementations, the second roller may include motors and gears similar to the first roller. For example, the second roller may include its own set of motors on either end of the device which may be in communication with the motors of the first roller to ensure synchronous motion.

[0061] As shown in FIG. 1, the device 100 includes a belt 130 extending around the device 100. Specifically, the belt 130 extends over and around and is supported by each of the rollers 120a, 120b. The belt 130 further extends between first and second end bars 110, 112. The belt 130 includes a flexible material capable of bending to conform to the shape of one or the rollers 120a, 120b. In some implementations, the belt material may have electrical properties (e.g., for grounding purposes).

[0062] The belt 130 defines a first surface 132 extending parallel to a plane passing through the longitudinal axis 101 and the lateral axis 103. The belt 130 further defines a second surface 134 extending parallel to the first surface 132, the second surface 134 being opposite and spaced apart from the first surface 132 in a direction normal to the plane passing through the longitudinal axis 101 and the lateral axis 103.

[0063] The belt 130 is configured to rotate and / or process around the device 100. Specifically, when the first roller 120a is powered, it forces the belt around the first roller 120a such that the first surface 132 moves in a first lateral direction towards the second roller 120b. The belt 130 further moves around the second roller 120b, which freely rotates. Then, the second surface 134 of the belt 130 moves in a second lateral direction towards the first roller 120a.

[0064] As shown in FIG. 5, a low-friction board 150 extends between the first roller 120a and the rollers 120b and between the end bars 110, 112. While a first low friction board 150 is shown in FIG. 5 adjacent to where the first surface 132 of the belt 130 is defined, a similar second low friction board is also disclosed on the opposite side of the device 100 adjacent to where the second surface 134 of the belt 130 is defined.

[0065] The low friction board 150 is disposed adjacent to the belt 130 such that the belt 130 passes over and may contact a portion of the low-friction board 150. The low-friction board 150 has a low coefficient of friction with the belt 130. In particular, when a force is directed onto the belt 130 (e.g., the weight of a patient), the low-friction board 150 allows the belt 130 to continue moving around the device 100 with little to no interruption.

[0066] FIGS. 3 and 4 provide additional details on the first end bar 110 and the second end bar 112. The end bars 110, 112 are substantially similar to each other such that like reference numbers denote like elements. The end bars 110, 112 define one or more fastener holes 114 within which a fastener is disposed (e.g., to couple to a roller 120a, 120b or an internal frame member).

[0067] The first end bar 110 further includes a push-button 116 (e.g., an on / off button), as shown in FIG. 3. The button 116 may be configured to power the device 100 “ON” or “OFF”. In other implementations, the button 116 may be configured to initiate motion of the motors 140, 144 and the first roller 120a. In some implementations, the first end bar includes additional buttons providing, for example, selectable motion of the belt in one or both directions. In some implementations, the device may include a rocker, slider, membrane, capacitive, or resistive switch, or any other of a number of various buttons or switches. In some implementations, thefirst end bar includes a screen or user interface configured to display information about the device (e.g., battery level or directionality) and provide for user input to the device (e.g., power, motion, or adjustable settings).

[0068] The second end bar 112 further includes a port 118 (e.g., a charging cable port), as shown in FIG. 4. As further described herein, the port 118 is configured to accept a charging cable (e.g., from a 120V power outlet). In some implementations, a charging cable may be implemented into a dock (e.g., a wall-mounted dock) to mechanically retain the device 100 while simultaneously charging the device 100 via the port 118. For example, FIG. 2 shows the device 100 adjacent to a dock 20.

[0069] The dock 20 may be a wall-mounted dock (e.g., coupled to the wall of a healthcare room) or a standalone dock movable to a desired location. The dock 20 may be coupled to a power source (e.g., a power outlet adjacent to the dock 20 or hard-wired into the power of a room and / or building through the wall). The dock 20 is generally configured to receive and retain the device 100 when the device 100 is not in use.

[0070] The dock 20 includes a first end 22 and a second end 24 spaced apart from the first end 22. In some configurations, the first end 22 is configured to accept the first end 102 of the device 100, and the second end 24 is configured to accept the second end 104 of the device 100.Specifically, a main cavity 26 is defined between the first end 22 and the second end 24 of the dock 20, the main cavity 26 being sized and configured to receive and retain the device 100.

[0071] The dock 20 includes retention tabs 28 on the first end 22 and the second end 24. The retention tabs 28 may be snap-fit members, moveable clips, spring-loaded clips, or any other movable structure configured to allow the device 100 to enter the main cavity 26 and remain therein. In other implementations, the dock may include a strap or an alignment mechanism.

[0072] The dock 20 includes a charger 30 (or charging port, or electronic member / device) on the second end 24. Specifically, the charger 30 extends from the second end 24 and is configured to be received by the port 118 on the end bars 112 of the device 100. Thus, charging of the device 100 may be enabled by inserting the charger 30 of the dock 20 into the port 118 of the device 100. In other implementations, the dock includes an inductive charging device adjacent to the battery or other charging device of the device 100.

[0073] As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the first and second end bars 110, 112 further include a tension mechanism 160 on either end of the corresponding end bar. The tension mechanism 160 is an adjustable coupling configured to move the roller 120a or 120b in the lateral direction.Thus, the tension mechanism 160 can increase or decrease the distance between the rollers 120a, 120b to increase or decrease, respectively, the tension in the belt 130. Additionally or alternatively, the tension mechanism 160 is configured to move the roller 120a in the lateral direction relative to the first motor gear 142 and / or the second motor gear 146. Thus, the tension mechanism 160 can increase or decrease the tension in the belts 148, 149.

[0074] Each tension mechanism 160 includes a shaft opening 162 defined through the end bar 110, 112 in the longitudinal direction. Each tension mechanism 160 further includes an adjustment opening 164, shown more clearly in FIGS. 6, 7, and 9, defined on a side of the end bar 110, 112 in the lateral direction. An adjustment screw 166 extends through the adjustment opening 164 and contacts a portion of the shaft of the roller 120a, 120b that is disposed within and / or coupled to the corresponding end bar 110, 112. For example, the adjustment screw 166 may be threaded into the portion of the shaft of the roller 120a, 120b. Thus, movement of the adjustment screw 166 inwards or outwards relative to the adjustment opening 164 moves the corresponding shaft of the roller 120a or 120b in the lateral direction.

[0075] To ensure that the belt 130 is at a proper tension for operation, each of the tension mechanism 160 may be calibrated. For example, if the belt 130 is slipping during operation, idle second roller 120b may be moved further away from the powered first roller 120a. Specifically, the tension mechanisms 160 on the second side 108 of each of the end bars 110, 112 may be adjusted so that the adjustment screw 166 pulls the shaft of the second roller 120b further away from the first roller 120a.

[0076] As shown in FIGS. 6-9, the device 100 includes a plurality of support members extending within the central cavity of the device 100. For example, a first support member 170a extends in the longitudinal direction from the first end bar 110 to the second end bar 112 adjacent to the roller 120b. Second and third support members 170b, 170c similarly extend in the longitudinal direction and are disposed in a middle portion of the device 100 between the rollers 120a, 120b.

[0077] A fourth support member 170d extends longitudinally adjacent to the first roller 120a. The fourth support member 170d is coupled to a first bracket 172a that secures the first motor 140. The fourth support member 170d is further coupled to a second bracket 172b that secures the second motor 144.

[0078] In general, the support members provide the device 100 with support, rigidity, and strength during use. The support members shown are aluminum slotted rails; however, in otherimplementations, the support members may include other rigid material such as carbon fiber or composite materials. In other implementations, the support members may have a different cross-sectional shape (e.g., circular, square, I-shaped, etc.).

[0079] The device 100 further includes a control box 180 disposed within the central cavity of the device between the support members 170a and 170b. The control box 180 may be coupled and secured to the support members 170a, 170b (e.g., via fasteners) and / or one of the low-friction boards 150 (e.g., via adhesive).

[0080] The control box 180 includes four battery packs 182 (e.g., lithium-ion batteries) that provide power to the motors 140, 144. Although four battery packs are shown, any number, shape, and configuration of battery packs may be disposed within the device (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 5, or more batteries of varying geometry). The control box 180 and the battery packs 182 thereof are in electrical communication with the motors 140, 144 via one or more wires (not shown) that extend through the central cavity of the device 100. The control box 180 is further in electrical communication with the push-button 116 and the port 118 via one or more wires (now shown). The battery packs 182 are rechargeable via connection through the port 118. For example, a charging cable (not shown) connected to a standard wall outlet (e.g., 120V outlet) may be connected to the port 118 to charge the batteries 182. In some implementations, as shown in FIG. 2, the charging cable may be implemented into the dock 20 (e.g., a wall-mounted dock) to mechanically retain the device 100 while simultaneously charging the battery packs 182. In other implementations, the battery pack is a removable, replaceable, and / or separately rechargeable battery pack.

[0081] In some implementations, the control box 180 includes a controller housed within or adjacent to the control box 180. FIG. 9 shows a controller 188 external to the control box 180. The controller 188 may include a processor configured for actuating one or more motors of the device. The controller 188 may include a memory storing instructions thereon that are executable by the processor. The controller 188 is in electrical communication with the control box 180, the motors 140, 144, the push-button 116, the port 118, and other elements of the device 100 via one or more wires extending through the device (not shown). In other implementations, the controller 188 and one or more other elements associated with the control and operation of the device are in wireless communication with each other.

[0082] In some implementations, the control box 180 includes an accelerometer, gyroscope, or other sensor to automatically detect the orientation of the device and thus communicate thedirectionality of the belt to the user. For example, the accelerometer may detect which surface of the belt 130 is up or down. The accelerometer may further communicate the orientation of the device to the controller 188, which may indicate that orientation on a user interface of the device. In other implementations, the orientation of the device automatically informs the directionality of the belt (e.g., via load sensors, flex sensors, and / or proximity sensors embedded into or adjacent to the device).

[0083] FIGS. 10-13 show a remote control 200, according to one implementation. The remote control 200 is configured to communicate with and operate the device 100. Specifically, the remote control 200 is configured for wireless communication with the control box 180 and / or the controller 188 to initiate operation of the motors 140, 144 to move the belt 130 via the first roller 120a. In other implementations, the device 100 may not include a remote control.

[0084] The remote control 200 includes a body 202 shaped and sized for handheld use by a user. A front end 204 of the body 202 includes a screen 206 configured to allow infrared signals from a light source (e.g., LED) within the remote control 200 to pass through the screen 206 into the external environment. For example, the remote control 200 may provide an “ON” signal via infrared signals passing through the screen 206 toward a receiver on the device 100. In other implementations, the remote control provides a different form of wireless communication, such as radiofrequency operation, Bluetooth operation, or Wi-Fi / Cloud-based control.

[0085] A first surface 208 of the body 202 includes a left button 210 and a right button 212. When pressed, the buttons 210, 212 cause the remote control 200 to send a signal to the device 100 (e.g., via wireless communication). The left button 210 may initiate the motors 140, 144 to rotate in a direction such that the belt 130 rotates “left” or in a first lateral direction. The right button 212 may initiate the motors 140, 144 to rotate in a direction such that the belt 130 rotates “right” or in a second lateral direction. In some implementations, the left and right buttons 210, 212 are configured as “dead man switches” or have similar functionality. For example, the motors 140, 144 may only activate while a user is holding a button down on the remote (or, in other implementations, on the device itself). When the button is released, either accidentally or intentionally, the motion of the belt and the patient thereon is halted.

[0086] In some implementations, the remote control includes an indicator (e.g., a light, a user interface, and / or a screen) communicating the directionality to the user. In some implementations, the device includes an indicator (e.g., a UI, screen, or other light source) communicating directionality to the user. In some implementations, the device includes anaccelerometer to automatically detect the orientation of the device and thus communicate the directionality of the belt to the user (e.g., via an indicator on the device and / or the remote control).

[0087] The remote control 200 further includes a power switch 220 on a back end 214 of the remote control 200. The power switch 220 can turn the remote control 200 on or off depending on the state of use (e.g., to conserve battery, such as in a sleep or lower power mode). As shown in FIG. 13, the remote control 200 includes a battery case with a battery case door 216 removably coupled to the body 202. Thus, the remote control 200 may have replaceable and / or rechargeable batteries.

[0088] In some implementations, the remote control is insertable into a portion of the device (e.g., in one of the end bars). For example, the device may define a cavity within which the remote control may be retained when not in use. Furthermore, the cavity may include an electrical connection configured to be coupled to the remote control (e.g., for charging a battery of the remote when not in use).

[0089] FIG. 14 shows a patient transfer device 300, according to one implementation. The device 300 is substantially similar to the device 100, except as described below. Each feature of the device 300 may be used in place of or in combination with any feature of the device 100, or vis versa. Furthermore, any one of the features described in this disclosure may be used in place of or in combination with any other feature described in this disclosure in an alternative embodiment.

[0090] The device 300 includes a first end 302 and a second end 304 opposite and spaced apart from the first end 302 in the longitudinal direction (e.g., along a longitudinal axis) of the device 300. The device 300 further includes a first side 306 and a second side 308 opposite and spaced apart from the first side 306 in a lateral direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the device. The device 300 further includes an upper surface 310 and a lower surface 312 opposite and spaced apart from the upper surface 310. Each of the upper surface 310 and the lower surface 312 extend across the device from the first end 302 to the second end 304 and from the first side 306 to the second side 308.

[0091] The device 300 includes a set of rollers including a first roller 320a, a second roller 320b, a third roller 320c, a fourth roller 320d, and a fifth roller 320e. Each of the rollers extends longitudinally from the first end 302 to the second end 304 of the device 300. The first roller 320a is disposed on the first side 306 of the device 300, and the fifth roller 320e is disposed onthe second side 308 of the device 300. Although the device 300 in FIG. 14 includes 5 total rollers, in other implementations of this disclosure, the device includes a number of rollers in the range of 2-50 rollers, inclusive (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 rollers, depending on the application). In some implementations, the number of rollers utilized may be a number great enough to accomplish the specific application of the device.

[0092] In some implementations, each of the rollers is coupled to a frame or housing disposed on the first end and / or the second end of the device (e.g., see FIGS. 16-21). For example, each roller may be rotatably coupled to the frame (e.g., via a bearing). The frame or housing may house other elements of the device (e.g., motor, controller, battery, or connections therebetween). Furthermore, the housing may be removable from the device to access certain elements (e.g., battery replacement or maintenance). In some implementations, the device includes fixed rods extending between a first frame on a first end and a second frame on a second end, the fixed rods providing stability for the device and not contacting the belt.

[0093] A belt 330 extends between the first roller 320a and the fifth roller 320e. The belt 330 also extends around the first roller 320a and the fifth roller 320e. The belt 330 further extends from the first end 302 to the second end 304 of the device 300. The belt 330 defines each of the upper surface 310 and the lower surface 312 of the device 300. In other words, the belt 330 extends across the entire upper surface 310 of the device 300, around the fifth roller 320e, across the entire lower surface 312 of the device 300, and around the first roller 320a back to the upper surface 310. The belt 330 encapsulates all of, or a substantial extent of, each of the rollers 320a-320e within a cavity 332 defined by the belt 330.

[0094] On the first end 302, a motor 340 is coupled to the fifth roller 320e. The motor 340 is configured to rotate the fifth roller 320e in a first rotational direction to advance the belt 330 in the first rotational direction, denoted by the arrow on the second side 308 in FIG. 14.Specifically, the motor 340 of the device 300 includes a shaft coupled to a drive belt 342. The fifth roller 320e includes a pulley 322, and the drive belt 342 extends between and around each of the pulley 322 of the fifth roller 320e and the shaft of the motor 340. Thus, rotation of the shaft of the motor 340 drives the rotation of the pulley 322 and the entire fifth roller 320e. Such rotation of the fifth roller 320e further drives the advance / conveyance of the belt 330. In other implementations, the pulley is a gear or sprocket, the motor shaft includes a corresponding gear or sprocket, and the drive belt is a drive chain or toothed belt.

[0095] The outer surface of the fifth roller 320e contacts the inner surface of the belt 330, and rotation of the fifth roller 320e drives movement of the belt 330. Thus, either the inner surface of the belt 330, the outer surface of the fifth roller 320e, or both include a high-friction surface. Reducing the coefficient of friction between the roller 320e (or any other roller) and the belt 330 increases the consistency of the belt rotation and reduces the opportunity for slippage. Such coefficient of friction may be selected based on a common or minimum force on the device (e.g., a patient’s weight). In some implementations, the outer surface of the belt further includes a high-friction surface ensuring that the patient does not slip off of the device during operation.

[0096] The device 300 further includes a second motor 344 on the second end 304 of the device 300. The second motor 344 is similarly coupled to the fifth roller 320e via a drive belt 342’ coupled to a pulley 322’ to provide a symmetrical force of rotation. However, in other implementations of the device, only one motor is included on one side of the device. In other implementations, the second motor is coupled to a different roller (e.g., the first roller). In other implementations, the motor is coupled directly to the roller without an intermediate drive belt. In other implementations, the motor is concentric with the roller (e.g., disposed adjacent to the roller or within the roller). In some implementations, the motor is a stepper motor, DC motor, motor with a 90-degree gearbox, or any other electrical motor capable of high torque output.

[0097] The device 300 further includes a user interface coupled to the first end 302 of the device 300. The user interface is a button 350 with a left side 352 and a right side 354. By pressing the right side 354 of the button 350, the motor 340 is activated to rotate in the first rotational direction, thus moving the upper surface 310 of the device 300 and the belt 330 in the first direction (i.e., matching the arrow of FIG. 14). If the left side 352 of the button 350 is pressed, the motor 340 is activated to rotate in a second rotational direction opposite of the first rotational direction. The second rotational direction moves the upper surface 310 of the device 300 and the belt 330 in a second direction opposite the first direction (i.e., to the left of FIG. 14, opposite the arrow).

[0098] The button 350 is coupled to the first end 302 of the device via an electrical cable extending between the button 350 and a controller 356. The controller 356 communicates with and is electrically coupled to the motor 340 (e.g., to relay start / stop signals, control the speed, receive feedback on forces applied, and dynamically adjust the speed based on the force applied). For example, a patient’s weight may shift or place extra pressure on one or more rollers of the device during a transfer operation. The controller can receive feedback on the pressure viaforce and torque data from the motor. The controller can adjust the power output, speed, and / or torque of one or more motors to adjust for the applied forces during patient transfer.

[0099] The button 350 may be placed on a surface (e.g., a hospital bed or the ground) to facilitate activation of the device 300 during a patient transfer (e.g., by a healthcare worker pressing the button like a foot pedal). However, in other implementations, the button is directly coupled to the first side of the device (e.g., push buttons on a frame). In other implementations, the user interface is a button, a lever, a switch, a touchscreen, or any other element configured for easy activation of the motor. In some implementations, additional buttons or user interface settings for additional functions are provided on the device (e.g., increased / decreased torque based on patient weight, emergency stop, speed increase / decrease, check battery life, maintenance mode, etc.). In other implementations, the button is wirelessly connected to the device (e.g., via Bluetooth).

[0100] The device 300 includes a battery 360 in electrical communication with each of the motor 340, controller 356, button 350, and the second motor 344. The battery 360 may be rechargeable and / or replaceable. In other implementations, the device is a wired device.

[0101] In other implementations, the device 300 (or any similar device disclosed herein) may function as a portable conveyance device and may include extendable legs coupled to a portion of the device. For example, the device may include supportive legs or other features extendable from an end of the device such that the device is raised above a ground surface and configured to convey objects from one side to the other (e.g., in a shipping, logistics, or other item moving context). Thus, the device may be moved to a desired location and at a desired height to facilitate the movement of objects along the belt.Method of Use and Alternative Configurations

[0102] FIG. 15 shows an exemplary method of using the disclosed patient transfer device, including the device 100 of FIG. 1 and / or the device 300 of FIG. 14. However, it is understood that the devices disclosed herein may be used in a manner and / or function different from that show in FIG. 15 (e.g., in conveyor applications). Specifically, FIG. 15 shows a method of transferring a patient from one surface to a second surface. Such an operation is common in the healthcare field (e.g., moving a patient from the hospital bed to a gurney or vice versa). The disclosed device significantly reduces the forces healthcare personnel need to apply, including pulling, pushing, and lifting forces as patients are transferred between horizontal surfaces.

[0103] In panel 1 of FIG. 15, the patient is first rotated or turned slightly to their side, allowing placement of the device (e.g., the device 300 of FIG. 14) under the patient. In some implementations, only a portion of the device is placed directly under the patient. In other implementations, at least 50% of the upper surface of the device is placed under the patient. The device is shown underneath a portion of the patient in panel 2 of FIG. 15. In some implementations, the device may be placed on the destination surface and rolled underneath the patient using the switch, or the device may be manually placed under the patient.

[0104] Once the device is in position, the one or more motors of the device are activated to drive the first roller to rotate, thus causing the belt to move in the first direction. Once the belt begins rotating, it contacts a portion of the patient and pulls them onto the upper surface of the device. In some implementations, the device itself moves along the hospital bed or other supporting surface as the patient moves simultaneously over the upper surface. Panel 3 of FIG.15 shows the patient moving along the upper surface of the device as it moves between surfaces..

[0105] In some implementations, the device is automatically activated upon application of a threshold force on the belt or in the first rotational direction of the belt. For example, once the device is placed under the patient, a provider may apply gentle traction on the draw sheet or patient to begin the lateral translational force. This version of the device can sense that lateral activation force and subsequently engage the motors to further assist the lateral transfer. This eliminates the need for a wireless (or wired) remote control workflow. Similarly, once the applied traction from the provider has stopped, the active engagement of the motors would stop and the device could then be removed. Thus, automatic activation of the device is contemplated by this disclosure.

[0106] Once the patient is moved to the opposite side of the device, the patient is on the destination surface (e.g., a hospital bed). The patient is moved (and / or the device moves along with the patient) until the patient is completely placed on the second surface and the device is no longer underneath the patient. Panel 4 of FIG. 15 shows the process of depositing the patient in the second surface / location.

[0107] The patient transfer device shown in FIG. 15 may be completed by a single healthcare professional with less effort than what is required by existing devices. The user needs only to lift the patient slightly on one side and insert the device under a portion of the patient before pressing a button to activate the device.

[0108] The device may be easily deployed and light enough for one person to transport (e.g., having aluminum, carbon fiber, plastic, or composite materials). The device may be wall mounted (e.g., in an emergency department, or surgical suite) for easy access, such as a wall mounted dock including a charging port to charge the battery of the device when not in use.

[0109] FIG. 16 shows a device 400 for patient transfer. The device 400 is substantially similar to the device 300 such that like reference numbers denote like elements. The device 400 includes a frame including a first frame 402 on the first end 302 and a second frame 404 on the second end 304 of the device 400. As shown, the device 400 includes four rollers 320a-320d. However, in other implementations, a different number of rollers is contemplated by this disclosure.

[0110] FIG. 17 shows the first frame 402 of the device 400 from an end view of the device 400. As shown, the first frame 402 includes an outer surface 410 including a user interface. The user interface includes a left side button 352 and a right side button 354. The user interface further includes a power button 412 which may also be an emergency stop button. A charging port 414 and a data port 416 are also included on the outer surface 410. In some examples, the charging port 414 is configured to couple to a charging cable and power source to charge the battery of the device. In some examples, the data port 416 is couplable to the controller of the device 400 (e.g., to attach a foot pedal button device, similar to that of FIG. 14).[OHl] The first frame 402 generally attaches to each of the rollers 320a-320d. For example, the rollers 320a-320d may be coupled to the frame 402 via one or more bearings facilitating free rotation of each of the rollers. Additionally, the first frame 402 may house the motor 340 and any mechanical connections between the motor 340 and a driver roller (e.g., roller 320a). In other implementations, one or more rollers may be coupled to a motor on one side and a frame on the other side. In other implementations, one or more rollers may be coupled to a motor on both sides (e.g., to maintain balance). In other implementations, a plurality of motors may be coupled to one or more rollers simultaneously.

[0112] FIGS. 18-21 each provide different implementations and orientations for the motorroller connection within the first frame 402. Each of FIGS. 18-21 is a top view of the device, showing only the detail view of the end section with the first frame and a portion of the rollers. In each view, the first frame is shown in outline only to reveal the inner mechanisms housed in the first frame.

[0113] FIG. 18 shows an implementation of the disclosed patient transfer device (shown as device 500) wherein each of the rollers 320a, 320b, and 320c, are rotatably coupled to a backsurface of the first frame 402 (e.g., via one or more bearings). The fourth roller 320d, or the driver roller, is coupled directly to the shaft of the motor 340, rather than extending to the first frame 402. The motor 340 is coupled to and fixed within the first frame 402 such that the motor 340 is not visible from the outside of the device 500. The motor 340 is mounted parallel and coaxial to the fourth roller 320d to drive the fourth roller 320d directly.

[0114] FIG. 19 shows an implementation of the disclosed patient transfer device (shown as device 600) wherein each of the rollers 320a, 320b, 320c, and 320d are rotatably coupled to a back surface of the frame 402 (e.g., via one or more bearings). The motor 340 is mounted to the first frame 402 in between the third roller 320c and the fourth roller 320d. The shaft of the motor 340 is connected to a drive belt or chain 342 (e.g., via a pulley or sprocket coupled to the motor shaft). The third roller 320c, or the driver roller, includes a corresponding pulley or sprocket 322 connected to the drive belt or chain 342. Thus, the motor 340 drives the third roller 320c indirectly via the belt / chain 342.

[0115] FIG. 20 shows an implementation of the disclosed patient transfer device (shown as device 700) wherein each of the rollers 320a, 320b, 320c, and 320d are rotatably coupled to a back surface of the frame 402 (e.g., via one or more bearings). The motor 340 is mounted inside and concentric to the fourth roller 320d, or the driver roller. For example, the motor 340 may be housed within the fourth roller 320d with a separate bearing / busing system such that the fourth roller 320d rotates independently of the motor 340, which may remain rotationally stationary. The shaft of the motor 340 thus couples to an end of the fourth roller 320d (e.g., a D-shaft connection, set screw connection, or other coupling between concentric elements). Thus, the motor 340 in this compact design of the device 700 drives the fourth roller 320d directly.

[0116] FIG. 21 shows an implementation of the disclosed patient transfer device (shown as device 800) wherein each of the rollers 320a, 320b, 320c, and 320d are rotatably coupled to a front surface of the frame 402 (e.g., via one or more bearings). The front surface connection provides additional space within the first frame 402 for additional elements / housing space. For example, the motor 340 is housed within the first frame 402 and coupled to the third roller 320c via a belt or chain 342, similar to the device 600 of FIG. 19. However, the motor 340 is not directly in between the rollers 320c, 320d. Additionally, the battery 360 and controller 356 are housed within the first frame 402. Thus, the motor 340 in the device 800 indirectly drives the third roller 320c and allows for additional device elements to be housed in the first frame 402.

[0117] Although many examples herein disclose a device capable of patient transfer, the disclosed device is not limited to transferring humans nor is it limited to healthcare applications. In some implementations, the devices disclosed herein may be used for the transfer of objects. For example, the devices disclosed herein may provide a portable conveyor device for moving objects between desired locations such as packages, groceries, boxes, bulk goods, construction material, or any other objects that may be difficult or cumbersome for a user to handle.

[0118] In some implementations, the devices disclosed herein include a movable stand coupled to an end of the device. For example, the device may include one or more legs or members extending from an end bar or frame of the device to form a stand. In some implementations, the device may be lifted off of the ground by the stand to provide a conveyorlike device at a desired height.

[0119] FIGS. 22 A and 22B show another implementation of the patient transfer device of the present disclosure, and FIGS. 23-24 show the implementation of such a device with a patient. FIG. 22A shows a device 900a and FIG. 22B shows a device 900b that is similar to the device 900a. The device 900a includes a top device 902 that includes two rollers 904 on one side and two rollers 904 on the opposite side. Two low-friction boards 906 extend between the sets of rollers 904. A belt 908 extends around the rollers 904, similar to devices elsewhere described herein. The belt 908 of the top device 902 is curved on the sides having the sets of rollers 904.

[0120] The device 900a further includes a bottom device 912 that includes two rollers 914 on either side of the bottom device 912. The bottom device 912 includes two low-friction boards 916 extending between the rollers 914. A belt 918 extends around the rollers 914, similar to devices elsewhere described herein. The belt 918 of the bottom device 912 is substantially straight in contrast to the curved sides of the top device 902. The top device 902 is wider than the bottom device. Thus, the curved top device 902 extends over the sides of the bottom device 912.

[0121] The device 900b is substantially similar in structure and function to the device 900a such that common reference numbers are used. However, the device 900b does not include low-friction boards but instead includes a plurality of rollers extending from end to end, the belt extending around the plurality of rollers.

[0122] In use, as shown in FIG. 23, the bottom device 912 is initiated to move towards a patient. The top device 902 is not initiated yet, but it is transported on top of the bottom device 912. Once in position adjacent to the patient, the top device 902 is initiated to pull the patient ontop of the device 900a, as shown in FIG. 24. Then, the bottom device 912 can be activated to move the patient on top of the top device 902 to a desired location (e.g., an adjacent bed or other surface).

[0123] The devices 900a, 900b provide a system wherein a patient can be moved with minimal input from healthcare workers. For example, healthcare workers need only provide minimal support to ensure the patient moves safely up and along the top device 902. Then, the devices 900a, 900b perform the rest of the functions on its own at the direction of the healthcare professional (e.g., via a controller).Experimental Study and Results

[0124] Healthcare, hospitals, and nursing homes top the list of virtually every industry analysis in private, public, and government industries, with rates of occupational injury claims increasing from 2021-2022. Most claims represent an occupational injury, with shoulder and back injuries topping the list of claim types in the public sector. Across the breadth of inpatient, ambulatory, and skilled nursing healthcare settings, patient handling often requires strenuous exertions while in unsafe work postures and positions as patients with limited mobility are transferred from one support surface to another (e.g., cart to bed). These transfers are a major source of occupational injury claims. While a variety of patient-handling assistive devices have been developed over the last 30 years, these tools may be perceived as bulky or cumbersome, unavailable when needed, or have other usability issues that limit their adoption and use. Moreover, many of the current and previously marketed patient handling systems are not applicable or widely utilized for supine lateral patient transfers (SLPT) in space-constrained or portable environments such as the operating room, emergency room, critical care, radiology, or nursing home environments. This may explain why occupational injuries from patient handling continue to be a significant source of injury claims. Two common themes emerged as barriers to safe patient handling: staffing limitations and usability and availability of assistive devices. Nearly 80% of respondents noted that mechanical equipment is typically not available. Over 70% highlighted it takes too long to deploy most devices, or they are stored too far away. Other frequently cited concerns were related to space constraints of bulky tools and other accessibility complaints.

[0125] Patient transfer and positioning activities require healthcare workers to manually mobilize a patient to new locations and positions. Lack of incorporation of ergonomics-related safety measures is a major consideration in increased worker injuries. Whether transferring patients from a seated position to bed or from bed to bed, workers assume unsafe postures, oftenincluding forward bending and twisting to reach the patient and creating significant biomechanical loading of the back and shoulders. A number of studies have demonstrated that, without assistive devices, objective biomechanical metrics such as erector spinal muscle activity reach high levels during patient transfer activities and can be tied to increased injury rates. Of the various ergonomic challenges seen in the wide variety of positioning and transfer maneuvers, the supine lateral patient transfer has been frequently cited as the highest risk for worker injury. According to the Association of periOperative Registered Nurses (AORN), “Lateral patient transfers (e.g., from a stretcher to an OR bed) are the most common cause of back and shoulder injuries in nurses.”

[0126] In addition to the postural stresses occurring in supine lateral patient transfers (SLPT), increasing patient weight also contributes to worker risk. The obesity epidemic has continued to climb since 2000, with over 70% of Americans classified as overweight today, and projections showing half of the US population will be considered obese (BMI 30 or greater) by 2030. The increasing rates of patient obesity represent a double-edged threat to healthcare workers. First, obesity is associated with many medical conditions that reduce mobility and increase pain in patients. The reduced mobility of our obese population means that healthcare providers are required to exert more effort in mobilizing patients who cannot move themselves during patient transfer activities, and SLPT is the most frequently associated activity with immobile patients. Second, increasing patient weight substantially increases the forces that need to be applied by the healthcare worker and the subsequent biomechanical loading that is experienced during the transfer tasks.

[0127] There is a significant need for patient handling technology innovations designed for supine lateral patient transfers (SLPTs) that are readily available when and where needed, thereby consistently reducing the risk of healthcare worker injury. Despite National Institute for Occupational Safety & Health (NIOSH) guidelines and several existing manual-assist and powered devices on the market, SLPT device utilization in environments such as the operating room and critical care units remains low, and rates of patient-transfer-related healthcare worker injuries remain high. Data suggest a mechanical / motorized system greatly reduces strain on the healthcare worker during patient transfer, yet current options available on the market are bulky, expensive, and under-utilized. Slide and roller boards have been widely used in SLPT due to their portability and rapid deployment, but provide relatively modest mechanical advantage, as they still require significant push and pull exertions from multiple healthcare workers to achieve SLPT. Disclosed herein is a novel power-assisted transfer (PAT) roller board technology that,once placed under the patient, mechanically moves the patient from one surface to another while eliminating the lifting, pushing, or pulling currently required by healthcare workers.

[0128] Proposed herein are systems, methods, and devices that combine the mechanical advantage of a motorized system with the portability and availability of slide and roller boards. Technology now allows for high-torque, small-scale battery-powered motors that could be easily integrated into a roller-board system to substantially reduce the physical strain experienced by healthcare workers during SLPT. In some implementations, a lightweight board is disclosed that could be easily placed under the side of the patient and then activated to slide the patient mechanically during SLPT. Similar to current slide and roller boards, the PAT board could be readily accessible, hanging on the wall of virtually all clinical environments with frequent SLPT. The hanging rack may incorporate a charging mechanism, so the board is immediately available, charged, and ready for transfer at any time. Similar to current roller boards, the PAT Board would be designed for quick disinfection and reuse.

[0129] The disclosed device may be used in a variety of environments, including but not limited to an ICU room, Med / Surg Room, ICU Room, emergency department, operating room, radiology departments, and mortuary operations. The device may be used by a variety of personnel, including but not limited to nurses, nursing assistants, patient transport staff, imaging technicians, surgical staff, residents, physicians, and EMS personnel.

[0130] In some implementations, the disclosed device is capable of moving a patient who is 400 lbs. In other implementations, the disclosed device can move a patient who is heavier than 400 lbs. In some implementations, the disclosed device is capable of delivering at least 150 ft-lb of torque. In some implementations, the disclosed device can move a patient as far as 36 inches (e.g., from 1 to 36 inches depending on the width of the device and / or the distance between adjacent patient surfaces, such as beds). In some implementations, the disclosed device accomplishes a patient transfer in less than 60 seconds. In some implementations, the disclosed device is manageable by a single user, and the device may have a total weight of less than 20 pounds. In some implementations, the disclosed device has a power supply lasting longer than 15 minutes.

[0131] Example Device Testing

[0132] Preliminary engineering calculations have been performed utilizing industry-informed assumptions to quickly assess if the proposed PAT board is mechanically feasible. Assuming that the cot the patient is being transferred from is 24” wide and the bed that the patient is beingtransferred to is 36” wide, the distance to travel from the midline on one resting surface to the other is approximately 30” (24’72 + 36’72 = 30”). The patient transfer powered roller system is expected to move from one surface to the other while also rolling the patient (since the roller belt that is turning will both be in contact with the patient and bed surfaces). If the roller belt rotates a total length of 15”, the patient will move 15” and the roller will also traverse along the bed surfaces 15”, causing the patient to move a total of 30”. Therefore, a roller board width of 15” will be necessary, for 30” of lateral movement. Existing roller boards on the market are on average 15” wide, likely for this reason. The maximal pulling force of a conveyor-belt system can be calculated by multiplying the system weight by the coefficient of rolling friction [FMin= Mn] where Fmin is the minimum amount of force necessary to move the object, p is the coefficient of rolling friction, and N is the weight of the patient (assuming the mass of the PAT board is negligible). Assuming the roller board includes 1.5” diameter rollers (0.75” radius), the patient weighs up to 400 lb., and an estimated maximal coefficient-of-rolling-friction of the roller board mechanism is 0.3 (the coefficient of rolling friction of a car tire in sand) one can calculate an assumed torque necessary to transfer the patient. [Fmin=0.3 x4001b=1201bf].

[0133] Since, in the experimental implementations, the rollers are assumed to have a radius of .75”, the motor system, therefore, must provide a minimum torque of 90in-lbf, after gearing, to move the patient based on the equation Torque=Radius x Tangential force. Additionally, since the rollers are assumed to include a .75” radius, the rollers must include a circumference of 4.71”. Therefore, if the belt must rotate 15” to transfer the patient the needed 30” of lateral movement, and if it is desired for the patient to move within 10 seconds, the RPM from the input shaft on the rollers must be:15" Belt Rotation / 4.71" Roller CircumferenceRPM = - — - - — — — - - - - - = 19.1 RPM ~ 20 RPM10 seconds / 60 seconds

[0134] Electric motors tend to operate within an RPM range well above the assumed RPM value above. Including a gearing system will assist with reducing the output RPM to the desired value (or range) while also providing torque mechanical advantage. Due to this, it is common for electric motors to be manufactured with internally geared transmission systems to not only lessen output shaft RPM but to also magnify output torque.

[0135] A variety of electric gearmotors were found on the market that operate within a range of 5-100 RPM with a selection of continuously applied torque values. If a gearmotor provides an RPM higher than desired, a drive belt and pulley may also be introduced from the output shaft of the gearmotor to the input shaft on the rollers, allowing further optimization / adjustability ofRPM and continuous torque applied, or a pulse width generator could be added to electrically reduce RPM output.

[0136] According to the above calculations, a motor and gearing system that can supply a range of 15-20 RPM at a minimum of 90 in. lb. will be required (depending on the desired patient transfer duration). While there are several assumptions placed on these calculations, they provide the starting framework for the electromechanical design of the PAT Board. Including two or even 4 gearmotors in parallel could also be of advantage, multiplying the torque but balancing the load delivery across the system. Several gearmotors, operating at 12V, have been identified and will be tested for performance in the desired mechanical performance ranges, and within size constraints of a 1.5 inch roller board system.

[0137] To power the motor system, most motors require 12V DC electric power. Using conventional off-the-shelf 18-20V power tool batteries, the voltage can be stepped down to 12V while also stepping up supplied amperage via a DC-DC buck converter. With conventional power tool batteries operating at 2Ah-5Ah, depending on the DC-DC buck converter amp draw, efficiency, and battery current limiter, we could estimate a battery to last 20-70 minutes of runtime. This system should easily provide the amperage necessary to run several DC motors that have been identified for testing above.

[0138] According to one study that was conducted, exemplary motorized roller boards (as disclosed herein) can move 350 lbs. unassisted and 400 lbs. with minimal assistance (e.g., 8-15 lb. pulling force) on a flat carpeted surface. In another study, an exemplary motorized roller board on a mattress surface moving 315 lbs. reduced the required assistive pulling force by 75%. Of course, these studies were limited to one implementation of an exemplary device, and the present disclosure contemplates power, capacity, and results beyond that of the described study(ies).Configuration of Certain Implementations

[0139] The construction and arrangement of the systems and methods as shown in the various implementations are illustrative only. Although only a few implementations have been described in detail in this disclosure, many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes, and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.). For example, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to beincluded within the scope of the present disclosure. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative implementations. Other substitutions, modifications, changes, and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions, and arrangement of the implementations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0140] The present disclosure contemplates methods, systems, and program products on any machine-readable media for accomplishing various operations. The implementations of the present disclosure may be implemented using existing computer processors, or by a special purpose computer processor for an appropriate system, incorporated for this or another purpose, or by a hardwired system. Implementations within the scope of the present disclosure include program products including machine-readable media for carrying or having machine-executable instructions or data structures stored thereon. Such machine-readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer or other machine with a processor. By way of example, such machine-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of machine-executable instructions or data structures, and which can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer or other machine with a processor.

[0141] When information is transferred or provided over a network or another communications connection (either hardwired, wireless, or a combination of hardwired or wireless) to a machine, the machine properly views the connection as a machine-readable medium. Thus, any such connection is properly termed a machine-readable medium.Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of machine-readable media.Machine-executable instructions include, for example, instructions and data which cause a general-purpose computer, special purpose computer, or special purpose processing machines to perform a certain function or group of functions.

[0142] Although the figures show a specific order of method steps, the order of the steps may differ from what is depicted. Also, two or more steps may be performed concurrently or with partial concurrence. Such variation will depend on the software and hardware systems chosen and on designer choice. All such variations are within the scope of the disclosure. Likewise, software implementations could be accomplished with standard programming techniques withrule-based logic and other logic to accomplish the various connection steps, processing steps, comparison steps and decision steps.

[0143] It is to be understood that the methods and systems are not limited to specific synthetic methods, specific components, or to particular compositions. It is also to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0144] As used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Ranges may be expressed herein as from “about” one particular value, and / or to “about” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another implementation includes from the one particular value and / or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another implementation. It will be further understood that the endpoints of each of the ranges are significant both in relation to the other endpoint, and independently of the other endpoint.

[0145] “Optional” or “optionally” means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where said event or circumstance occurs and instances where it does not. Throughout the description and claims of this specification, the word “comprise” and variations of the word, such as “comprising” and “comprises,” means “including but not limited to,” and is not intended to exclude, for example, other additives, components, integers or steps. “Exemplary” means “an example of’ and is not intended to convey an indication of a preferred or ideal implementation. “Such as” is not used in a restrictive sense, but for explanatory purposes.

[0146] Disclosed are components that can be used to perform the disclosed methods and systems. These and other components are disclosed herein, and it is understood that when combinations, subsets, interactions, groups, etc. of these components are disclosed that while specific reference of each various individual and collective combinations and permutation of these may not be explicitly disclosed, each is specifically contemplated and described herein, for all methods and systems. This applies to all aspects of this application including, but not limited to, steps in disclosed methods. Thus, if there are a variety of additional steps that can be performed it is understood that each of these additional steps can be performed with any specific implementation or combination of implementations of the disclosed methods.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A patient transfer device comprising:a first end bar disposed on a first end of the patient transfer device;a first roller extending from the first end to a second end of the patient transfer device in a longitudinal direction, wherein the first roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar;a second roller extending from the first end to the second end of the patient transfer device in the longitudinal direction, wherein the second roller is spaced apart from the first roller a first distance in a lateral direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, wherein the second roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar;a belt extending between and supported by each of the first roller and the second roller, the belt extending around the patient transfer device to define a first surface and a second surface each extending substantially parallel to each other, wherein the belt is configured to advance in a first rotational direction around the first roller and the second roller;a motor coupled to the first roller and configured to rotate the first roller to advance the belt in the first rotational direction; anda controller in electrical communication with the motor, the controller configured to selectively activate the motor.

2. The patient transfer device of claim 1, further comprising:a second end bar disposed on the second end of the patient transfer device opposite from the first end bar, the first and second rollers being rotatably coupled to the second end bar.

3. The patient transfer device of claim 2, further comprising:at least one supporting member extending longitudinally from the first end bar to the second end bar within central cavity defined at least in part by the belt of the patient transfer device.

4. The patient transfer device of claim 1, further comprising:at least one low friction board extending across the patient transfer device between the first and second ends, the at least one low friction board being substantially parallel to the first surface of the belt, wherein the at least one low friction board is configured to provide a low coefficient of friction with the belt.

5. The patient transfer device of claim 1, wherein the motor is coupled to a first gear, the first roller is coupled to a second gear, and a toothed belt extends between and around the first and second gears to facilitate torque transfer between the motor and the first roller.

6. The patient transfer device of claim 1, wherein the motor is coupled to a gearbox configured to adjust the speed or torque transferred from an output shaft of the motor to the first roller.

7. The patient transfer device of claim 1, further comprising a control switch coupled to a portion of the first end bar, the control switch being in electrical communication with the controller to selectively initiate the motor.

8. The patient transfer device of claim 1, further comprising a remote control in wireless communication with the controller, the remote control being in electrical communication with the controller to selectively initiate the motor.

9. The patient transfer device of claim 1, wherein one or more of (i) an inner surface of the belt and (ii) an outer surface of the first roller comprises a high-friction material such that rotation of the first roller will initiate movement of the belt.

10. The patient transfer device of claim 1, wherein the first roller comprises an elastically deformable wrap extending circumferentially around the first roller, the belt engaging with the elastically deformable wrap.

11. The patient transfer device of claim 1, further comprising a tension mechanism disposed at least partially within the first end bar, the tension mechanism comprising at least one fastener engaged with the second roller and configured to selectively move the second roller to a second distance in the lateral direction from the first roller,wherein, when the second distance is greater than the first distance, a tension of the belt increases.

12. The patient transfer device of claim 1, wherein the motor is a first motor engaged with a first end of the first roller, the patient transfer device further comprising a second motor disposed on and engaged with a second end of the first roller.

13. The patient transfer device of claim 1, wherein the motor is disposed within a cavity of the first roller.

14. A system comprising:a patient transfer device comprising:a first end bar disposed on a first end of the patient transfer device, the first end bar defining a charging port;a first roller extending from the first end to a second end of the patient transfer device in a longitudinal direction, wherein the first roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar;a second roller extending from the first end to the second end of the patient transfer device in the longitudinal direction, wherein the second roller is spaced apart from the first roller a first distance in a lateral direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, wherein the second roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar;a belt extending between and supported by each of the first roller and the second roller, the belt extending around the patient transfer device to define a first surface and a second surface each extending substantially parallel to each other, wherein the belt is configured to advance in a first rotational direction around the first roller and the second roller;a motor coupled to the first roller and configured to rotate the first roller to advance the belt in the first rotational direction; anda controller in electrical communication with the motor, the controller configured to selectively activate the motor; anda dock comprising:a plurality of frame members defining a cavity configured to receive the patient transfer device;at least one retention clip configured to engage with a portion of the patient transfer device; andan electrical connector extending from a portion of the plurality of frame members and in electrical communication with a power source,wherein, when the patient transfer device is inserted into the cavity of the dock, the charging port of the first end bar of the patient transfer device is configured to receive the electrical connector to charge a battery of the patient transfer device.

15. The system of claim 14, further comprising a remote control in wireless communication with the controller of the patient transfer device, the remote control comprising at least one button for initiating motion of the belt.

16. A method of transferring a patient, the method comprising:placing a patient transfer device under a first side of the patient disposed on a first transfer surface, the patient transfer device comprising:a first end bar disposed on a first end of the patient transfer device; a first roller extending from the first end to a second end of the patient transfer device in a longitudinal direction, wherein the first roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar;a second roller extending from the first end to the second end of the patient transfer device in the longitudinal direction, wherein the second roller is spaced apart from the first roller a first distance in a lateral direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, wherein the second roller is rotatably coupled to the first end bar;a belt extending between and supported by each of the first roller and the second roller, the belt extending around the patient transfer device to define a first surface and a second surface each extending substantially parallel to each other, wherein the belt is configured to advance in a first rotational direction around the first roller and the second roller;a motor coupled to the first roller and configured to rotate the first roller to advance the belt in the first rotational direction; anda controller in electrical communication with the motor, the controller configured to selectively activate the motor;activating the motor of the patient transfer device to rotate the first roller in a first rotational direction to advance the belt in the first rotational direction; andmoving the patient along the first surface of the belt of the patient transfer device from the first transfer surface to a second transfer surface a distance away from the first transfer surface.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first transfer surface and the second transfer surface on which the patient is disposed is one of a gurney or hospital bed.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein activating the motor comprises activating a button or switch in electrical communication with the motor.

19. The method of claim 16, further comprising:adjusting, via a tension mechanism at least partially disposed within the first end bar, the distance between the first roller and the second roller to increase or decrease tension in the belt.

20. The method of claim 16, further comprising:detecting, via an accelerometer disposed within the patient transfer device, an orientation of the patient transfer device; andcommunicating, via a visual indicator, the first rotational direction of the belt based on the detected orientation from the accelerometer.

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