Omnidirectional ceiling antenna and electronic device
By designing an omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna, employing a hollow cone and ring structure, and combining coupling electrodes and a reflection structure, the problem of high gain and omnidirectional coverage of antennas in 5G signal distribution systems was solved, achieving wide beam and low profile effects.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BOE TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-30
AI Technical Summary
In existing 5G signal distribution systems, antennas struggle to meet the requirements of high gain, wide beamwidth, and omnidirectional coverage.
An omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna was designed, comprising a radiating structure, a reflecting structure, and a covering layer. The radiating structure consists of a hollow cone and a ring, and the covering layer surrounds the periphery. The antenna performance is optimized through coupling electrodes and a feeding structure. The reflecting structure adopts an inverted frustum or truncated cone shape to improve radiation performance.
It achieves wide beam and omnidirectional coverage, improves antenna radiation efficiency and gain, and reduces antenna profile, making it suitable for indoor distribution systems of 5G signals.
Smart Images
Figure CN2025093488_30072026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Omnidirectional ceiling antennas and electronic devices Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an omnidirectional ceiling antenna and electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] In existing indoor distribution systems, the application of 5G technology is becoming increasingly widespread in order to achieve high-speed and high-reliability wireless communication. However, in 5G signal distribution systems, due to the large amount of user data, increasingly higher requirements are placed on antennas for high gain, wide beamwidth, and omnidirectional coverage. Therefore, providing an indoor distribution system with high gain, wide beamwidth, and omnidirectional coverage is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and to provide an omnidirectional ceiling antenna and electronic device.
[0004] This disclosure provides an omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna, comprising: a radiating structure, a reflecting structure, and a covering layer; wherein...
[0005] The reflective structure has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction;
[0006] The radiating structure includes a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion. The first radiating portion is a hollow cone, and the second radiating portion includes N annular bodies. The apex of the hollow cone is opposite to the first surface.
[0007] The hollow cone has a first opening, and each of the annular bodies includes a second opening and a third opening disposed opposite to each other, with the second opening being closer to the first opening than the third opening; the second opening of the first annular body is connected to the first opening, and the third opening of the i-th annular body is connected to the second opening of the (i+1)-th annular body; the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the i-th annular body onto the plane of the first surface is located within the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the (i+1)-th annular body onto the plane of the first surface; N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and i ranges from 1 to (N-1);
[0008] The covering layer is disposed on the first surface, surrounds the periphery of the first radiating part and the second radiating part, and covers the outer walls of the first radiating part and the second radiating part.
[0009] The omnidirectional ceiling antenna further includes at least one ring of coupling electrodes disposed on the outer wall of the covering layer, and the coupling electrodes have a certain distance from the reflective structure;
[0010] The orthographic projection of the radiating structure onto the plane containing the first surface lies within the orthographic projection of any of the coupling electrodes onto the plane containing the first surface.
[0011] Wherein, the height of the radiating structure is H1, the distance between the coupling electrode closest to the first surface in the at least one ring of coupling electrodes and the first surface is L1, the distance between the coupling electrode furthest from the first surface in the at least one ring of coupling electrodes and the plane where the third opening of the Nth ring body is located is L2, L1:H1 is (0.5*H2) / H1~(H1-0.5*b) / H1, L2:H1 is (0.5*H2) / H1~(H1-0.5*b) / H1; H2 is the height of the hollow cone, and b is the width of the coupling electrode.
[0012] The coupling electrodes are multiple in number, the spacing between adjacent coupling electrodes is 'a', the width of the coupling electrodes is 'b', and the ratio of a to b is 1:2 to 2:1.
[0013] The radiation structure further includes a parasitic radiation portion disposed on the third opening of the Nth annular body.
[0014] Wherein, the area of the second surface is smaller than that of the first surface, and the orthographic projection of the first surface onto the plane containing the second surface covers the second surface.
[0015] Wherein, the center of the orthographic projection of the first surface onto the plane containing the second surface coincides with the center of the second surface.
[0016] The reflective structure is a frustum or a truncated cone.
[0017] The center of the orthographic projection of each annular body onto the plane of the second surface, and the orthographic projection of the tip of the hollow cone onto the plane of the second surface, both coincide with the center of the second surface.
[0018] The center of the orthographic projection of the covering layer onto the plane of the second surface coincides with the center of the orthographic projection of each annular body onto the plane of the second surface, and the center of the orthographic projection of the tip of the hollow cone onto the plane of the second surface.
[0019] The material of the cover layer includes any one of FR4, Arlon AD430A, and Arlon AD450A.
[0020] The annular body is a hollow cylinder.
[0021] The omnidirectional ceiling antenna also includes a feeding structure, which is connected to the radiating structure through a through-hole penetrating the reflective structure.
[0022] The feeding structure is a probe that passes through the center of the reflective structure and the tip of the hollow cone, and is connected to the radiating structure.
[0023] The first radiating part and the second radiating part are integrally formed structures.
[0024] This disclosure provides an electronic device that includes any of the omnidirectional ceiling antennas described above. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of an omnidirectional ceiling antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0026] Figure 1b is a side view of an omnidirectional ceiling antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0027] Figure 2 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna in the first example.
[0028] Figure 3a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna in the first example.
[0029] Figure 3b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna in the first example.
[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the omnidirectional ceiling antenna in the second example.
[0031] Figure 5 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna in the second example.
[0032] Figure 6a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna in the second example.
[0033] Figure 6b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna in the second example.
[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an omnidirectional ceiling antenna of the third example.
[0035] Figure 8 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna shown in Figure 7.
[0036] Figure 9a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna shown in Figure 7.
[0037] Figure 9b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna shown in Figure 7.
[0038] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another omnidirectional ceiling antenna in the third example.
[0039] Figure 11 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna shown in Figure 10.
[0040] Figure 12a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna shown in Figure 10.
[0041] Figure 12b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna shown in Figure 10.
[0042] Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the fourth example of an omnidirectional ceiling antenna.
[0043] Figure 14 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna in the fourth example.
[0044] Figure 15a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna in the fourth example.
[0045] Figure 15b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna in the fourth example.
[0046] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the omnidirectional ceiling antenna of the fifth example.
[0047] Figure 17 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna in the fifth example.
[0048] Figure 18a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna in the fifth example.
[0049] Figure 18b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna in the fifth example.
[0050] Figure 19 shows the simulation results of the antenna's S11 parameters when the covering material is Arlon AD430A.
[0051] Figure 20a shows the simulation results of the antenna's vertical radiation pattern when the cladding material is Arlon AD430A.
[0052] Figure 20b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna when the covering material is Arlon AD430A.
[0053] Figure 21 shows the simulation results of the antenna's S11 parameters when the cladding material is Arlon AD450A.
[0054] Figure 22a shows the simulation results of the antenna's vertical radiation pattern when the cladding material is Arlon AD450A.
[0055] Figure 22b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna when the covering material is Arlon AD450A.
[0056] Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the second example of an omnidirectional ceiling antenna.
[0057] Figure 24 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna in the seventh example.
[0058] Figure 25a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna in the seventh example.
[0059] Figure 25b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna in the seventh example. Detailed Implementation
[0060] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0061] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.
[0062] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this disclosure should be understood in their ordinary sense by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or objects.
[0063] As used herein, “parallel” and “perpendicular” include the described situation and situations that are similar to the described situation, within an acceptable range of deviation, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, “parallel” includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate parallelism may be, for example, within 5°; “perpendicular” includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where an acceptable range of deviation for approximate perpendicularity may also be, for example, within 5°.
[0064] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure.
[0065] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure according to the specific circumstances.
[0066] Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of an omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 1b is a side view of an omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown in Figures 1a and 1b, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna, which includes a radiating structure 1, a reflecting structure 2, and a covering layer 3. The reflecting structure 2 includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction. The radiating structure 1 mainly consists of two parts, referred to as a first radiating part 11 and a second radiating part 12 along the direction away from the first surface of the reflecting structure 2. The covering layer 3 is disposed on the first surface of the reflecting structure 2, surrounding the periphery of the first radiating part 11 and the second radiating part 12, and covering the outer walls of the first radiating part 11 and the second radiating part 12. The covering layer 3 helps to achieve a low profile.
[0067] Referring to Figures 1a and 1b, the radiating structure 1 in this embodiment is a hollow structure, wherein the first radiating part 11 is a hollow cone with its tip pointing towards the first surface of the reflecting structure 2; the second radiating part 12 is composed of N sequentially connected annular bodies 121. Specifically, the hollow cone has a first opening, and each annular body 121 includes a second opening and a third opening arranged opposite to each other, with the second opening being closer to the first opening than the third opening. The second opening of the first annular body 121 connects to the first opening, and the third opening of the i-th annular body 121 connects to the second opening of the (i+1)-th annular body 121; the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the i-th annular body 121 onto the plane containing the first surface is located within the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the (i+1)-th annular body 121 onto the plane containing the first surface; N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and i ranges from 1 to (N-1). In this case, for any two adjacent annular bodies 121, a stepped structure is formed at their connection point. For example, the second radiating part 12 includes two annular bodies 121 forming a single step; the second radiating part 12 includes three annular bodies 121 forming a double step. In this embodiment of the present disclosure, this arrangement allows for a lower profile while ensuring a wider bandwidth for the antenna.
[0068] In some examples, the outline of the hollow cone in this embodiment can be a cone, and the outline of the annular body 121 can be a cylinder. That is, the first opening of the hollow cone, the second opening of the annular body 121, and the third opening are all circular. The outer contour surfaces of the first radiating part 11 and the second radiating part 12 of this structure are smooth, which can reduce electromagnetic wave loss and improve radiation efficiency. Furthermore, when the first opening of the hollow cone, the second opening of the annular body 121, and the third opening are all circular, their centers coincide. Of course, the outline of the hollow cone can be a pyramid, and the outline of the annular body 121 can be a prism; that is, the first opening of the hollow cone, the second opening of the annular body 121, and the third opening can all be polygonal. When the outline of the hollow cone can be a pyramid and the outline of the annular body 121 can be a prism, to reduce electromagnetic wave loss, preferably, the outline of the hollow cone can be a hexagonal pyramid, an octagonal pyramid, etc., and the outline of the annular body 121 can be a hexagonal prism, an octagonal prism, etc. That is to say, the first opening of the hollow cone, the second opening and the third opening of the annular body 121 can also be hexagonal, octagonal, etc. It should be noted that when the first opening of the hollow cone and the second opening and the third opening of the annular body 121 are polygons, preferably all interior angles of the polygons are obtuse angles. In the various figures of the embodiments of this disclosure, the outline of the hollow cone can be a cone and the outline of the annular body 121 can be a cylinder, but it should be understood that this does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the embodiments of this disclosure.
[0069] In some examples, the material of the covering layer 3 in this embodiment can be FR4, which has a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02. By selecting a suitable material, the antenna profile can be further reduced. It should be noted that the area of the covering layer 3 needs to be large enough to cover the outer sides of the first radiating part 11 and the second radiating part 12, but the inner cavities of the first radiating part 11 and the second radiating part 12 are not filled with the covering layer 3.
[0070] Furthermore, the outer contour of the covering layer 3 can be cylindrical, or it can be prismatic. In this embodiment, the outer contour of the covering layer 3 can be cylindrical. When the outer contour of the covering layer 3 is cylindrical, the first radiating structure 1 is a hollow cone, and the annular body 121 of the second radiating part 12 is a hollow cylinder, the first opening, the second opening, the third opening, and the outer contour of the covering layer 3 coincide in the orthographic projection center of the plane containing the first surface of the reflecting structure 2. This helps to achieve miniaturization of the antenna volume.
[0071] In some examples, the omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna of this disclosure not only includes the above-described structure, but may also include at least one ring of coupling electrodes 4 disposed on the outer wall of the covering layer 3, and the coupling electrodes 4 and the reflecting structure 2 are spaced apart and do not contact each other. The orthographic projection of the radiating structure 1 onto the plane of the first surface lies within the orthographic projection of any coupling electrode 4 onto the plane of the first surface. In this disclosure embodiment, by providing an annular coupling electrode 4 on the outer wall of the covering layer 3, the impedance matching of the antenna is improved to a certain extent, thereby improving the antenna performance. Furthermore, the coupling electrode 4 may be made of conductive materials such as metal.
[0072] In some examples, the position of the coupling electrode 4 relative to the radiating structure 1 has a certain impact on improving the radiation performance of the antenna. For example, if the distance from the coupling electrode 4 to the cone tip of the first radiating part 11 is too small, it may cause the antenna to operate at a discontinuous frequency band. If the distance from the coupling electrode 4 to the third opening of the annular body 121 (the Nth annular body 121) that is furthest from the first radiating part 11 is too small, it may cause the antenna to operate at a higher frequency band. Therefore, a reasonable position of the coupling electrode 4 relative to the radiating structure 1 is required. In this embodiment of the disclosure, if the height of the radiation structure 1 is H1, the distance between the coupling electrode 4 closest to the first surface in at least one ring of coupling electrodes 4 and the first surface is L1; the distance between the coupling electrode 4 furthest from the first surface in at least one ring of coupling electrodes 4 and the plane where the third opening of the Nth annular body 121 is located is L2. At this time, L1:H1 is (0.5*H2) / H1~(H1-0.5*b) / H1; L2:H1 is (0.5*H2) / H1~(H1-0.5*b) / H1; H2 is the height of the hollow cone, and b is the width of the coupling electrode 4.
[0073] In some examples, the number of coupling electrodes 4 in this embodiment of the present disclosure can be one, two, or even more. Reasonably setting the number of coupling electrodes 4 can, to a certain extent, expand the antenna bandwidth.
[0074] In some examples, there are multiple coupling electrodes 4, the spacing between adjacent coupling electrodes 4 is a, the width of the coupling electrode 4 is b, and a:b is 1:2 to 2:1.
[0075] In some examples, the area of the second surface of the reflective structure 2 is smaller than the area of the first surface, and the orthographic projection of the second surface onto the plane containing the first surface lies within the first surface. That is, the reflective structure 2 in this embodiment uses an inverted frustum or an inverted truncated cone structure. In this case, the thickness of the peripheral region of the reflective structure 2 monotonically increases from the edge towards the center. This type of reflective structure 2 can improve the radiation performance of the antenna.
[0076] Furthermore, in this embodiment, taking the inverted frustum structure of the reflective structure 2 as an example, the first and second surfaces of the reflective structure 2 are both circular. Preferably, the center of the first surface, the center of the second surface, the cone tip of the first radiating part 11, and the center of each annular body of the second radiating part 12 coincide in the orthographic projection of the plane containing the first surface. This not only helps to improve the radiation performance of the antenna, but also facilitates the miniaturization design of the antenna.
[0077] In some examples, regardless of which of the above structures is used for the antenna in the embodiments of this disclosure, the radiating structure 1 further includes a parasitic radiating portion disposed on the third opening of the Nth annulus. The parasitic radiating portion can effectively improve the antenna gain.
[0078] In some examples, regardless of which of the above-described structures is used for the antenna in the embodiments of this disclosure, the antenna in the embodiments of this disclosure also includes a feeding structure for feeding the radiating structure 1. The feeding structure is connected to the radiating structure 1 through a via penetrating the reflecting structure 2.
[0079] In one example, the power supply structure is a probe that passes through the center of the reflective structure 2 and connects to the radiating structure 1 at the tip of the hollow cone. Of course, the power supply structure can also be a coaxial cable or other similar structure.
[0080] To better understand the structure of the omnidirectional indoor antenna of this disclosure embodiment, and the effect of the antenna of this disclosure embodiment, the following description is provided in conjunction with specific examples.
[0081] First example: Referring to Figures 1a and 1b, the antenna includes a radiating structure 1, a reflecting structure 2, a covering layer 3, and a ring of coupling electrodes 4. The radiating portion is a monoconical antenna with a first radiating section 11 and a second radiating section 12. The first radiating section 11 is a hollow cone and includes two annular bodies 121, which are hollow cylinders. The covering layer 3 has a sufficiently large area to cover the outer sides of the first and second radiating sections 11 and 12, and there is no dielectric filling within the first and second radiating sections 11 and 12. The outer contour of the covering layer 3 is cylindrical. The material of the covering layer 3 can be FR4, with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02. The coupling electrodes 4 are formed on the outer wall of the covering layer 3 and are positioned slightly below the center of the radiating structure 1, i.e., on the periphery of the first radiating section 11. The reflecting structure 2 is an inverted frustum, with the thickness of the peripheral region monotonically increasing from the edge towards the center. The feed point is located at the center of the first surface of the reflective structure 2. The feed structure uses a probe that passes through the reflective structure 2 and connects to the radiating structure 1. The antenna in this example has a height of approximately 69 mm and a relatively low profile.
[0082] Figure 2 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna in the first example. As can be seen from Figure 2, the S11 of this antenna is less than -10dB in the frequency range of 2.50-3.61GHz, exhibiting a wide bandwidth. Figure 3a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna in the first example. As can be seen from Figure 3a, the peak gains in the E-plane and H-plane of this antenna at the frequency of 2.6GHz are 3.57dBi and 3.48dBi, respectively, and the 3-dB bandwidths are 46.08deg and 45.96deg, respectively. Figure 3b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna in the first example. As can be seen from Figure 3b, in different cross-sections, the maximum difference between the maximum and minimum gains of the antenna is 1.12dB, i.e., the non-circularity is less than 1.12dB, indicating that the antenna has good directivity and omnidirectional radiation.
[0083] The second example: Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna in the second example. As shown in Figure 4, the structure of this example is roughly the same as that of the first example, except that the second radiating part 12 of the antenna includes three ring-shaped bodies 121. The overall height of the antenna is about 65mm, which is 4mm lower than that of the first example. The other structures in this example can be the same as those in the first example, so they will not be described in detail here.
[0084] It should be noted that the second example only takes the second radiating part 12 as an example that includes three annular bodies 121. Theoretically, the number of annular bodies 121 can be more, but considering the difficulty of the actual manufacturing process, increasing the number of annular bodies 121 will inevitably increase the difficulty of the process. Therefore, the number of annular bodies 121 designed in the actual product should be designed in combination with the process implementation.
[0085] Figure 5 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna in the second example. As can be seen from Figure 5, the S11 of this antenna is less than -10dB in the frequency range of 2.52-3.65GHz, which is basically consistent with the operating frequency of the antenna using two ring-shaped bodies 121 in the first example. Figure 6a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna in the second example. As can be seen from Figure 6a, the peak gains of the E-plane and H-plane of this antenna at the frequency of 2.6GHz are 2.9dBi and 2.85dBi, respectively, and the 3-dB bandwidths are 49.05deg and 50.4deg, respectively. The gain is somewhat lower than that of the antenna in the first embodiment, while the 3-dB bandwidth is slightly improved. Figure 6b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna in the second example. As can be seen from Figure 6b, the out-of-roundness of the antenna is less than 1.38dB in different cross-sections.
[0086] The third example, as shown in Figure 7, is a schematic diagram of an omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna. As shown in Figure 7, the structure of this example is largely the same as that of the first example, except that the coupling electrode 4 is closer to the cone tip of the first radiating part 11 compared to the first example. However, it should be noted that even though the coupling electrode 4 is close to the cone tip of the first radiating part 11, it still maintains a certain distance from the reflecting structure 2 and does not contact it. The other structures in this antenna can be the same as those in the first example, and will not be described further here.
[0087] Figure 8 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna shown in Figure 7. As can be seen from Figure 8, the S11 of this antenna is less than -10dB in the frequency ranges of 2.55-3.35GHz and 3.53-3.65GHz, indicating that its operating frequency band is discontinuous. Figure 9a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna shown in Figure 7. As can be seen from Figure 9a, the peak gains of the E-plane and H-plane of this antenna at a frequency of 2.6GHz are 4.05dBi and 4.0dBi, respectively, and the 3-dB bandwidths are 47.2deg and 48.54deg, respectively. Both the gain and 3-dB bandwidth are slightly improved compared to the antenna in Implementation Method 1. Figure 9b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna shown in Figure 7. As can be seen from Figure 9b, the out-of-roundness of the antenna is less than 1.15dB in different cross-sections.
[0088] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another omnidirectional ceiling antenna in the third example. As shown in Figure 10, the structure of this example is roughly the same as that of the first example, except that the coupling electrode 4 of this antenna is closer to the third opening of the second annular body 121 of the second radiating part 12 compared to the first example. The other structures in this antenna can adopt the same structure as the first example, and will not be described in detail here.
[0089] Figure 11 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna shown in Figure 10. As can be seen from Figure 11, the S11 of this antenna is less than -10dB in the frequency range of 2.59-3.68GHz, which is higher than the antenna in the first example. Figure 12a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna shown in Figure 10. As can be seen from Figure 12a, the peak gains of the E-plane and H-plane of this antenna at the frequency of 2.6GHz are 4.56dBi and 4.56dBi, respectively, and the 3-dB bandwidths are 43.38deg and 44.31deg, respectively. The gain is improved to a certain extent compared to the antenna in the first embodiment, while the 3-dB bandwidth is slightly reduced. Figure 12b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna shown in Figure 10. As can be seen from Figure 12b, the out-of-roundness of the antenna is less than 0.76dB in different cross-sections.
[0090] In summary, changing the position of coupling electrode 4 may improve the antenna's radiation performance to some extent, but moving it downward may cause the antenna's operating frequency band to be discontinuous, while moving it upward may cause the antenna's operating frequency band to be too high.
[0091] Fourth Example: Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the fourth example of an omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna. As shown in Figure 13, the structure of this example is roughly the same as that of the first example, the only difference being that the antenna has two coupling electrodes 4. Of course, the number of coupling electrodes 4 can be more, and increasing the number of coupling electrodes 4 can, to some extent, expand the bandwidth. The other structures in this antenna can adopt the same structure as the first example, and will not be described in detail here.
[0092] Figure 14 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the fourth example antenna. As can be seen from Figure 14, the S11 of this antenna is less than -10dB in the frequency ranges of 2.33-2.59GHz and 2.84-3.69GHz, indicating a wider antenna bandwidth compared to the first antenna, but its operating frequency band is discontinuous. Figure 15a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the fourth example antenna. As can be seen from Figure 15a, the peak gains of the E-plane and H-plane of this antenna at a frequency of 2.6GHz are 4.6dBi and 4.4dBi, respectively, and the 3-dB bandwidths are 42.2deg and 43.37deg, respectively. The gain is improved to a certain extent compared to the antenna in Embodiment 1, while the 3-dB bandwidth is slightly reduced. Figure 15b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the fourth example antenna. As can be seen from Figure 15b, the out-of-roundness of the antenna is less than 1.84dB in different cross-sections.
[0093] Fifth Example: Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the fifth example of an omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna. As shown in Figure 16, the structure of this example is roughly the same as that of the first example, except that a parasitic radiating part 13 is provided on the third opening of the second annular body 121 of the antenna. The parasitic radiating part 13 can effectively improve the antenna gain. The other structures in this antenna can adopt the same structure as the first example, and will not be described in detail here.
[0094] Figure 17 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna in the fifth example. As can be seen from Figure 17, the S11 of this antenna is less than -10dB in the frequency range of 2.50-3.61GHz, and its operating frequency band is consistent with that of the antenna in Embodiment 1. Figure 18a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna in the fifth example. As can be seen from Figure 18a, the peak gains of the antenna in the E-plane and H-plane at a frequency of 2.6GHz are 4.2dBi and 4.04dBi, respectively, and the 3-dB bandwidths are 43.63deg and 44.49deg, respectively. The gain is improved to a certain extent compared to the antenna in Embodiment 1, while the 3-dB bandwidth is slightly reduced. Figure 18b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna in the fifth example. As can be seen from Figure 18b, the out-of-roundness of the antenna is less than 1.23dB in different cross-sections.
[0095] The sixth example: The antenna structure in this example is the same as in the first example, except for the material selection of the cladding layer 3. In this example, the material of the cladding layer 3 is Arlon AD430A, with a dielectric constant of 4.3 and a loss tangent of 0.003. The material of the cladding layer 3 is Arlon AD450A, with a dielectric constant of 4.5 and a loss tangent of 0.0035.
[0096] Figure 19 shows the simulation results of the antenna's S11 parameters when the material of the cladding layer 3 is Arlon AD430A. As can be seen from Figure 19, the antenna's S11 is less than -10dB in the frequency range of 2.53-3.64GHz, and its operating frequency band is basically the same as the antenna in the first example. Figure 20a shows the simulation results of the antenna's vertical radiation pattern when the material of the cladding layer 3 is Arlon AD430A. As can be seen from Figure 20a, the peak gains of the antenna in the E-plane and H-plane at the frequency of 2.6GHz are 3.58dBi and 3.67dBi, respectively, and the 3-dB bandwidths are 53.03deg and 52.32deg, respectively. Both the gain and 3-dB bandwidth are slightly improved compared to the antenna in the first example. Figure 20b shows the simulation results of the antenna's horizontal radiation pattern when the material of the cladding layer 3 is Arlon AD430A. As can be seen from Figure 20b, the antenna's out-of-roundness is less than 0.67dB in different cross-sections.
[0097] Figure 21 shows the simulation results of the antenna's S11 parameters when the cladding layer 3 is made of Arlon AD450A material. As can be seen from Figure 21, the antenna's S11 is less than -10dB in the frequency range of 2.48-3.60GHz, and its operating frequency band is basically the same as the antenna in the first example. Figure 22a shows the simulation results of the antenna's vertical radiation pattern when the cladding layer 3 is made of Arlon AD450A material. As can be seen from Figure 22a, the peak gains of the antenna in the E-plane and H-plane at the frequency of 2.6GHz are 4.21dBi and 4.13dBi, respectively, and the 3-dB bandwidths are 41.61deg and 43.06deg, respectively. The gain is improved to a certain extent compared to the antenna in the first example, while the 3-dB bandwidth is slightly reduced. Figure 22b shows the simulation results of the antenna's horizontal radiation pattern when the cladding layer 3 is made of Arlon AD450A material. As can be seen from Figure 22b, the antenna's out-of-roundness is less than 1.12dB in different cross-sections.
[0098] In summary, using a dielectric material with a dielectric constant similar to FR4 for cladding layer 3 will not significantly alter the antenna's operating frequency band. However, using a dielectric material with a smaller loss tangent will result in relatively better antenna radiation performance. Furthermore, if the dielectric constant of the dielectric material differs significantly from that of FR4, the overall antenna structure will need to be modified accordingly to meet the required specifications.
[0099] The seventh example: Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna of the second example; as shown in Figure 23, the structure of this example is roughly the same as that of the first example, the only difference being that the reflective structure 2 of this antenna adopts a planar structure. The other structures in this example can all adopt the same structure as in the first example, so they will not be described in detail here.
[0100] Figure 24 shows the simulation results of the S11 parameters of the antenna in the seventh example. As can be seen from the figure, the S11 of this antenna is less than -10dB in the frequency ranges of 2.50-2.79GHz and 2.81-3.55GHz, which is narrower than the antenna in the first example, and its operating frequency band is discontinuous. Figure 25a shows the simulation results of the vertical radiation pattern of the antenna in the seventh example. As can be seen from Figure 25a, the peak gains of the antenna in the E-plane and H-plane at the frequency of 2.6GHz are 3.84dBi and 3.91dBi, respectively, and the 3-dB bandwidths are 42.61deg and 42.3deg, respectively. The gain is slightly improved compared to the antenna in the first example, while the 3-dB bandwidth is slightly reduced. Figure 25b shows the simulation results of the horizontal radiation pattern of the antenna in the seventh example. As can be seen from Figure 25b, the out-of-roundness of the antenna is less than 1.39dB in different cross-sections.
[0101] This disclosure also provides an electronic device that includes the omnidirectional ceiling antenna described above.
[0102] In some examples, the electronic device also includes a transceiver unit, an RF transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filtering unit. The antenna in the communication device can serve as either a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna. The transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end. The baseband provides signals in at least one frequency band, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G signals, and transmits these signals to the RF transceiver. After receiving the signal, the antenna in the communication system processes it through the filtering unit, power amplifier, signal amplifier, and RF transceiver before transmitting it to the receiving end in the transceiver unit. The receiving end may be, for example, a smart gateway.
[0103] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to the transceiver unit and is used to modulate the signals transmitted by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signals received by the antenna before transmitting them to the transceiver unit. Specifically, the RF transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate these signals before sending them to the antenna. The antenna receives the signals and transmits them to the receiving circuit of the RF transceiver. The receiving circuit then transmits the signals to the demodulation circuit, which demodulates the signals before transmitting them to the receiving end.
[0104] Furthermore, the RF transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, which are then connected to a filtering unit. The filtering unit is connected to at least one antenna. During signal transmission in the communication system, the signal amplifier improves the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the RF transceiver's output signal before transmitting it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit may specifically include a duplexer and a filtering circuit. The filtering unit combines the signals output from the signal amplifier and power amplifier, filters out clutter, and transmits them to the antenna, which then radiates the signal. During signal reception in the communication system, the antenna receives the signal and transmits it to the filtering unit. The filtering unit filters out clutter from the received signal and transmits it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier. The signal amplifier increases the gain of the received signal, improving the SNR; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the received signal. The signal received by the antenna, after processing by the power amplifier and signal amplifier, is transmitted to the RF transceiver, which then transmits it to the transceiver unit.
[0105] In some examples, the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as low-noise amplifiers, without limitation.
[0106] In some examples, the electronic device provided in this disclosure embodiment further includes a power management unit connected to a power amplifier and providing the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying signals.
[0107] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An omni-directional ceiling mount antenna comprising: radiation Structure, reflective structure, and covering layer; among which, The reflective structure has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction; The radiating structure includes a first radiating portion and a second radiating portion. The first radiating portion is a hollow cone, and the second radiating portion includes N annular bodies. The apex of the hollow cone is opposite to the first surface. The hollow cone has a first opening, and each of the annular bodies includes a second opening and a third opening disposed opposite to each other, with the second opening being closer to the first opening than the third opening; the second opening of the first annular body is connected to the first opening, and the third opening of the i-th annular body is connected to the second opening of the (i+1)-th annular body; the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the i-th annular body onto the plane of the first surface is located within the outer contour of the orthographic projection of the (i+1)-th annular body onto the plane of the first surface; N is an integer greater than or equal to 2, and i ranges from 1 to (N-1); The covering layer is disposed on the first surface, surrounds the periphery of the first radiating part and the second radiating part, and covers the outer walls of the first radiating part and the second radiating part.
2. The omni-directional ceiling mount antenna of claim 1, wherein, It also includes at least one ring of coupling electrodes disposed on the outer wall of the cover layer, wherein the coupling electrodes are spaced apart from the reflective structure; The orthographic projection of the radiating structure onto the plane containing the first surface lies within the orthographic projection of any of the coupling electrodes onto the plane containing the first surface.
3. The omni-directional ceiling mount antenna of claim 2, wherein, The height of the radiating structure is H1, and the distance between the coupling electrode closest to the first surface in the at least one ring of coupling electrodes and the first surface is L1; the distance between the coupling electrode furthest from the first surface in the at least one ring of coupling electrodes and the plane containing the third opening of the Nth annulus is L2, where L1:H1 is (0.5*H2) / H1~(H1-0.5*b) / H1, and L2:H1 is (0.5*H2) / H1~(H1-0.5*b) / H1; H2 is the height of the hollow cone, and b is the width of the coupling electrode.
4. The omni-directional ceiling mount antenna of claim 2, wherein, The number of coupling electrodes is multiple, the spacing between adjacent coupling electrodes is a, the width of the coupling electrode is b, and the ratio of a to b is 1:2 to 2:
1.
5. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The radiation structure also includes a parasitic radiation portion disposed on the third opening of the Nth annulus.
6. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The area of the second surface is smaller than that of the first surface, and the orthographic projection of the first surface onto the plane containing the second surface covers the second surface.
7. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to claim 6, wherein, The center of the orthographic projection of the first surface onto the plane containing the second surface coincides with the center of the second surface.
8. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The reflective structure is a frustum or a truncated cone.
9. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The center of the orthographic projection of each annular body onto the plane of the second surface, and the orthographic projection of the tip of the hollow cone onto the plane of the second surface, both coincide with the center of the second surface.
10. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The center of the orthographic projection of the covering layer onto the plane of the second surface coincides with the center of the orthographic projection of each annular body onto the plane of the second surface, and the center of the orthographic projection of the tip of the hollow cone onto the plane of the second surface.
11. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The material of the cover layer includes any one of FR4, Arlon AD430A, and Arlon AD450A.
12. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The annular body is a hollow cylinder.
13. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, It also includes a power feeding structure, which is connected to the radiation structure through a through-hole penetrating the reflection structure.
14. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to claim 13, wherein, The feeding structure is a probe that passes through the center of the reflective structure and the tip of the hollow cone, connecting to the radiating structure.
15. The omnidirectional ceiling-mounted antenna according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The first radiating part and the second radiating part are integrally formed.
16. An electronic device comprising an omnidirectional ceiling antenna as described in any one of claims 1-15.