Dilutable concentrate composition

Abstract

The invention is directed to a dilutable concentrate composition. A dilutable concentrate composition comprising: f) an anionic surfactant system comprising: j) a first anionic surfactant comprising an anionic saccharide-based surfactant, or an anionic saccharide-based surfactant and a C10-C20 lactylate, a C10-C20 glycolate or both and with the proviso that when the lactylate, glycolate or both and saccharide- based surfactants are present, the first anionic surfactant is at least 40% by weight anionic saccharride-based surfactant based on total weight of the first anionic surfactant; iii) a second anionic surfactant, the second anionic surfactant being a furan-based anionic surfactant; g) an amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both; h) 10 to 30%, and preferably, 12 to 28%, and most preferably, 14 to 26% (or from 14 to 24% or from 14 to 22% or from 14 to 21%) by weight of solvent comprising from 83 15 to 100% by weight C3 to C10 diol based on total weight of the solvent; i) thickener; and j) 8 to 38%, and preferably, from 10 to 35%, and most preferably, from 11 to 32% (or 12 to 31% or 12 to 30% or 12 to 29%) by weight water, wherein the furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant comprises: A) a head group comprising Ai) a furan ring; and Aii) a sulphonate group directly attached to the furan ring; wherein the furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant has the structure of Formula (I) where R is a hydrophobic alkyl tail group having a carbon chain length of 8 to 18, 18:1 and 18:2 where R groups of different chain lengths can be used in combination as a blend, preferably a blend of chain lengths of C12 and C14 and X is a counterion, selected from organic and inorganic counterions; B) an amide containing linker group; and C) a hydrophobic alkyl tail group having a carbon chain length of 8 to 18; and wherein the dilutable concentrate composition has a pH greater than 5.75, comprises less than 7% by weight polyol, and comprises at least 3.5% by weight of the first anionic surfactant; and wherein the weight ratio of the first anionic to the second anionic is greater than 1. The dilutable concentrate composition after dilution results in a stable lamellar wash composition having a viscosity that is higher than the concentrate it is prepared from. The dilutable concentrate composition can be used in small volumes on demand or can be diluted with water in refill packaging to ensure a reduction in plastic waste.

Description

[0001] DILUTABLE CONCENTRATE COMPOSITION

[0002] Field of the Invention

[0003] The present invention is directed to a dilutable concentrate composition. The dilutable concentrate composition of the present invention surprisingly results in a stable lamellar wash composition after being diluted. Such a lamellar wash composition is stable, mild, has excellent sensory attributes and eliminates the need for single-use plastic.

[0004] Background of the Invention

[0005] Liquid based cleansing compositions, such as shampoos and body washes, are common and enjoyed by many consumers. Such compositions typically have water as the predominant ingredient, and they are often sold in plastic bottles, sachets or tubes. The compositions are conventionally formulated to have a viscosity that is customary for consumer use and easy for evacuation from the package they are sold in.

[0006] It is often publicized that the world’s oceans will soon have more plastic than fish. Given environmental concerns and the desire for consumers and conscious companies to do more for the planet, there is a strong desire to use less plastic when selling products, including wash products. Additionally, certain consumers do prefer extra gentle wash compositions and often those that have less or no sulfate-based surfactants. In view of the foregoing, efforts have been made to sell product with surfactant in concentrate form, and therefore, ship product that comprises less water. The difficulty with concentrates is consumers often do not like adding additional water to the concentrate and further work, like stirring and shaking, to transform the concentrate into an end use product. As to the hydrated product, common consumer complaints include the product is not homogeneous after adding water, time consuming to make and / or of undesirable viscosity.

[0007] It is of increasing interest to develop a concentrate that is easy to pour and dilute, results in a consumer product that is ready to use in under ten (10) minutes and of very desirable characteristics, including viscosity and sensory. It is also desirable to develop a concentrate that is suitable to be substantially free of at least one of sulfate-based surfactants, parabens, phthalates, hydantoins, acrylate-based thickeners, dioxanes, or a combination thereof and that results in a stable lamellar wash composition after being diluted. This invention, therefore, is directed to a dilutable concentrate composition that comprises two anionic surfactants. The concentrate composition is easy to pour and dilute, and unexpectedly, results in a stable lamellar wash composition after being diluted. The concentrate composition may be used as a composition that is diluted as needed by a consumer to yield a just in time wash (i.e., in a consumer’s hands), can be diluted with water in refill packaging by a consumer to ensure a reduction in plastic waste, can be diluted within a manufacturing facility or provided in a refill kiosk for consumers to subsequently dilute.

[0008] Efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application publication no. 2012149629 A1 , pumpable pearlescent concentrates having high active content are described.

[0009] Further efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application publication no. 2023045404 A1, an isotropic concentrate that is hydratable and suitable to transform into an end use wash composition is described.

[0010] Additional efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application publication no. 2021220243 A1, a hydratable concentrated surfactant composition that is easy to pour and dilute for end use and substantially free of sulfate is described.

[0011] Even other efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application publication 2018 / 098923 A1, personal care compositions substantially free of sulfated surfactants are described.

[0012] Still other efforts have been disclosed for making wash compositions. In U.S. patent application 2019 / 282480 A1, self-thickening cleansing compositions with N-acyl acidic amino acids or salts thereof and an amphoteric surfactant are described.

[0013] US20130053295A1 discloses a concentrated liquid cleanser composition, comprising: (A) an anionic surfactant, (B) an amphoteric surfactant, (C) a monohydric or dihydric alcohol such as propylene glycol or hexylene glycol, (D) a nonionic surfactant (E) 45 mass percent or less of water. A thickener and pH adjuster may be included. The composition may be diluted with water. WO2020229158 A1 discloses a furan-based surfactant comprising a beta sulphonate head group, a furan and a C10-20 hydrophobic group which is either attached directly to the furan or by way of a linker.

[0014] M intel Oil control SH_XP93230209A discloses a shampoo comprising disodium coco- glucoside citrate, polyquaternium -7 and polyquaternium -10 and water.

[0015] US5490955 A1 discloses a cleansing composition which comprises, water, (a) one or more acyl lactylate(s) and (b) one or more acylisethionates

[0016] None of the additional information describes a concentrate composition with a surfactant system having two anionic surfactants as described and claimed herein and that yields a lamellar end use wash composition after dilution.

[0017] Definition of the Invention

[0018] In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a dilutable concentrate composition comprising: a) an anionic surfactant system comprising: i) a first anionic surfactant comprising an anionic saccharide-based surfactant or an anionic saccharide-based surfactant, and a C10-C20 lactylate, a C10-C20 glycolate or both and with the proviso that when the lactylate, glycolate or both and saccharide-based surfactants are present, the first anionic surfactant is at least 40% by weight anionic saccharide-based surfactant based on total weight of the first anionic surfactant; ii) a second anionic surfactant, the second anionic surfactant being a furan-based anionic surfactant; b) amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both; c) 10 to 30%, and preferably, 12 to 28%, and most preferably, 14 to 26% (or from 14 to 24% or from 14 to 22% or from 14 to 21%) by weight of solvent comprising from 83 to 100% by weight C3 to C10 diol based on total weight of the solvent; d) thickener; and e) 8 to 38%, and preferably, from 10 to 35%, and most preferably, from 11 to 32% (or 12 to 31% or 12 to 30% or 12 to 29%) by weight water, wherein the furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant comprises:

[0019] A) a head group comprising Ai) a furan ring; and

[0020] Aii) a sulphonate group directly attached to the furan ring; wherein the furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant has the structure of Formula (I):

[0021] Formula (I) where R is a hydrophobic alkyl tail group having a carbon chain length of 8 to 18, 18:1 and 18:2 where R groups of different chain lengths can be used in combination as a blend, preferably a blend of chain lengths of C12 and C14 and X is a counterion, selected from organic and inorganic counterions;

[0022] B) an amide containing linker group; and

[0023] C) a hydrophobic alkyl tail group having a carbon chain length of 8 to 18; wherein the dilutable concentrate composition has a pH greater than 5.75, comprises less than 7% by weight polyol (like glycerol and / or sorbitol), and comprises at least 3.5% of the first anionic surfactant; and wherein the weight ratio of the first anionic to the second anionic is greater than 1 , preferably from 5: 1 to 1.25: 1 , more preferably from 3: 1 to 1.35: 1 , most preferably from 1.2: 1 to 1 .1 : 1.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present invention is directed to a dilutable concentrate composition comprising: a) an anionic surfactant system comprising: i) a first anionic surfactant comprising an anionic saccharide-based surfactant, or an anionic saccharide-based surfactant, and a C10-C20 lactylate, a C10-C20 glycolate or a mixture thereof with the proviso that when lactylate, glycolate or both and saccharide-based surfactants are present, the first anionic surfactant is at least 40% by weight anionic sacharride-based surfactant based on total weight of the first anionic surfactant; a second anionic surfactant, the second anionic surfactant comprising a furan-based anionic surfactant; wherein the furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant comprises:

[0025] A) a head group comprising

[0026] Ai) a furan ring; and

[0027] Aii) a sulphonate group directly attached to the furan ring; wherein the furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant has the structure of

[0028] Formula (I):

[0029] Formula (I) where R is a hydrophobic alkyl tail group having a carbon chain length of 8 to 18, 18:1 and 18:2 where R groups of different chain lengths can be used in combination as a blend, preferably a blend of chain lengths of C12 and C14 and X is a counterion, selected from organic and inorganic counterions;

[0030] B) an amide containing linker group; and

[0031] C) a hydrophobic alkyl tail group having a carbon chain length of 8 to 18; and ii) b) amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both; c) 10 to 30%, and preferably, 12 to 28%, and most preferably, 14 to 26% (or from 14 to 24% or from 14 to 22% or from 14 to 21%) by weight of solvent comprising from 83 to 100% by weight C3 to C10 diol based on total weight of the solvent; d) thickener; e) 8 to 38%, and preferably, from 10 to 35%, and most preferably, from 11 to 32% (or 12 to 31 % or 12 to 30% or 12 to 29%) by weight water, wherein the dilutable concentrate composition has a pH greater than 5.75, comprises less than 7% by weight polyol, comprises from 0 to 2% by weight of a sulfate comprising surfactant and at least 3,5% of the first anionic surfactant; and wherein the weight ratio of the first anionic to the second anionic is greater than 1 . In a third aspect, the invention is directed to a method for making a lamellar end use composition comprising the steps of: a) combining the concentrate composition of the first aspect of the invention with water to produce a diluted composition, the concentrate composition having a viscosity from 1 to 15,000 cps; and b) agitating the diluted composition to produce the lamellar end use composition having a viscosity that is greater than the viscosity of the concentrate composition.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, the invention is directed to a method for making a lamellar end use composition comprising the steps of: a) combining the concentrate composition of the second aspect of the invention with water to produce a diluted composition, the concentrate composition having a viscosity from 1 to 15,000 cps; and b) agitating the diluted composition to produce the lamellar end use composition, the end use composition having a viscosity that is greater than the viscosity of the concentrate composition.

[0033] One way to determine the presence of a lamellar phase the inventive composition is to view the composition in a microscope fitted with cross-polarizers. The lamellar phase will have a distinct optical pattern known to those skilled in the art.

[0034] In a fifth aspect, the invention is directed to the use of furan-based anionic surfactant and a betaine, and an anionic saccharide-based surfactant or anionic saccharide-based surfactant and C10-C20 lactylate to produce a concentrate composition suitable to dilute with water and yield a lamellar end use composition having a viscosity that is greater than the viscosity of the concentrate composition.

[0035] Dilute or dilutable, as used herein, means to add and / or add and absorb water (i.e., to hydrate) even with respect to a concentrate composition that has water such as a concentrate composition that is initially 8 to 38% by weight water prior to dilution. Skin, as used herein, is meant to include skin on the arms (including underarms), face, feet, neck, chest, hands, legs, buttocks, nails and scalp (including hair). Polyol means 3 or more hydroxy groups such as a triol, tetraol or hexol. Lamellar, as used herein, means a two- dimensional phase with lipid bilayers separated by water layers, an opaque, hazy and / or cloudy composition having a birefringent pattern when viewed in an optical microscope. The end use lamellar composition of the present invention (i.e., a wash composition) is one that is creamy, not sticky or draggy, and typically mimics a lotion in consistency. For the avoidance of doubt and to contrast, isotropic means having lipid layers of one dimension and a transparent composition that does not display a birefringent pattern when viewed in an optical microscope. Transforming from a concentrate composition to an end use composition that is lamellar is confirmed by visual examination whereby the concentrate composition surprisingly yields an opaque end use composition after being diluted, the end use composition being homogeneous, free of syneresis and precipitate / particle formation that can lead to a grainy sensation while using. The dilutable concentrate composition is one which typically has a viscosity from 25 to 15,000 cps (or from 50 to 14,000 cps or from 60 to 12,000cps, or from 70 to 9000 cps, where 1 Pa-s is equal to 1000 cps) and is a translucent or cloudy suspension. Stable, as used herein, means the dilutable concentrate composition will maintain such a viscosity of 25 to 15,000 cps for at least 2 months, and preferably 3 to 4 months when stored at 25°C. Stable also means that when the dilutable concentrate composition is stored at 50°C for two weeks, such a composition when diluted will yield an end use composition having a viscosity that is not less than 65%, and preferably, not less than 70%, and most preferably, not less than 75% to 100% of the viscosity of an end use composition made with identical dilutable concentrate composition that was not stored at 50°C for two weeks. The concentrate composition can be one which is translucent or opaque, and preferably, comprises a thickener including those classified as a polymer with a cellulosic backbone. The end use composition is one suitable to be wiped or washed off, and preferably, washed off with water. The end use composition can be a home care cleaning composition but is preferably a shampoo, make-up remover, facial wash, hand wash or personal care liquid body wash. In an embodiment of the invention, the end use lamellar composition can have a viscosity from at least 35,000 to 235,000 cps, and preferably, from 37,000 to 225,000 cps, and most preferably, from 38,000 to 210,000 cps (or from 40,000 to 205,000 cps, or from 45,000 to 200,000 cps, or from 45,000 to 180,000 cps or from 50,000 to 165,000 cps). The end use lamellar composition may optionally comprise medicinal or therapeutic agents, but preferably, is a wash which is cosmetic and non-therapeutic such that the wash removes water soluble and water insoluble soils. In one embodiment of the invention, the end use lamellar composition is a home care composition like a table-top or toilet cleaning composition. In another embodiment, the end use lamellar composition is a shampoo composition. In still another embodiment, the end use lamellar composition is a personal wash composition, and therefore, a liquid body wash. As hereinafter described, the end use composition of the present invention may optionally comprise skin benefit ingredients added thereto such as emollients, vitamins and / or derivatives thereof, resorcinols, retinoic acid precursors, colorants, moisturizers, sunscreens, mixtures thereof or the like. The skin benefit ingredients (or agents) may be water or oil soluble. If used, oil soluble skin benefit agents typically make up to 1.5% by weight of the hydratable composition whereby water-soluble skin benefit agents, when used, typically make up to 10% by weight of the end use composition of the present invention. The dilutable concentrate composition and end use composition typically have a pH greater than 5.75 to 8.5, preferably over 5.85 to 7.5, and most preferably, from 6 to 7 or from 6.1 to 6.9 or from 6.2 to 6.8. Viscosity, unless noted otherwise, is taken with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates with a 1000-micron gap and a shear rate of 4-15 s-1. Viscosity is measured at 25°C. Increase in viscosity means the dilutable concentrate composition will have a starting viscosity that is lower than the final viscosity after water is added and the resulting end use lamellar composition is made. The end use composition is made by combining water and dilutable concentrate composition and mixing (with moderate shear like stirring, swirling or preferably shaking) the same to produce the end use lamellar composition having a viscosity higher than the viscosity of the dilutable concentrate composition it is made from prior to dilution. In another embodiment, the dilutable concentrate composition may be applied directly to, for example, skin of a consumer and when water and shear are applied (like, for example, shearing or rubbing with the hands and water from a sink, bath or shower) the desired end use composition may be made. As used herein, “substantially free of means less than 2.0% by weight of the lamellar end use composition, and preferably, less than 1.5% by weight, and most preferably, less than 1.0% by weight or less than 0.85% or less than 0.5% or less than 0.25% or less than 0.15% or less than 0.1% or less than 0.05% or 0.0% (none) based on total weight of the of the lamellar end use composition. In the case of dioxanes, like 1 ,4- dioxanes, substantially free of means less than 75 ppm, and preferably, less than 50 ppm, and most preferably, less than 25 ppm or less than 5 ppm or from 0.00001 to 2 ppm or less than 1 ppm or 0.0 (no) ppm dioxane based on total weight of dioxane in the dilutable concentrate composition.

[0036] The term comprising is meant to encompass the terms consisting essentially of and consisting of. For the avoidance of doubt, and for illustration, the end use composition of this invention comprising surfactant, water and active is meant to include a composition consisting essentially of the same and a composition consisting of the same. All ranges defined are meant to include all ranges subsumed therein. Generic use of compositions is meant to mean the concentrate composition and lamellar end use composition of the invention. Except in the operating comparative examples, or where otherwise explicitly indicated, all numbers in this description indicating amounts or ratios of materials or conditions and / or physical properties of materials and / or use are to be understood as modified by the word “about”. The disclosure, as found herein, is to be considered to cover all embodiments as found in the claims as being multiply dependent upon each other irrespective of the fact that claims may be found without multiple dependency or redundancy.

[0037] Detailed Description

[0038] As to the anionic saccharide-based surfactant suitable for use, the same is typically a mono-, di- or oligosaccharide (sugar) esterified with a moiety having a carboxylic acid group.

[0039] In an embodiment of the invention, the anionic saccharide-based surfactant used has the formula: where:

[0040] R is a C10-C20 alkyl, and preferably, a C12-C18 alkyl, and most preferably, a C14-C16 alkyl; m is 0 or 1 and n is 1 , 2, or 3; each R1and R2is independently a C1-C3 alkyl, H, or OH wherein both R1groups are not simultaneously OH and both R2groups are not simultaneously OH and further wherein when m is zero preferably one R1group and one R2group is OH; and

[0041] X+is a counter ion that can include K+, Na+, NH4+or a mixture thereof.

[0042] In an embodiment of the invention, the anionic saccharide-based surfactant used is disodium cocoglucoside citrate, disodium cocoglucoside tartrate or a mixture thereof.

[0043] As to the C10 -C20 lactylate (i.e., used optionally as a portion of the first anionic surfactant), the same can be a mono- or polylactyl or mixture thereof as lactic acid can, for example, undergo self-esterification. Therefore, C10-C20 lactylate suitable for use includes lactylic esters of fatty acids represented by the formula: where Rais a C9to C19hydrocarbon, each Rbis independently hydrogen or a C1-3 alkyl, u is an integer from 0 to 3 and Y+ is a counter ion that can include K+, Na+, NH4+or a mixture thereof.

[0044] In an embodiment of the invention, the C10-C20 lactylate comprises 40 to 100%, and preferably, 50 to 95%, and most preferably, 60 to 90% (or 65 to 85% or 70 to 80%) by weight of a Ci2-C2o (orCi4-C2o orCi6-C2o or Ci6-Ci8) group (i.e., acyl portion) based on total weight of lactylate in the compositions. The preferred lactylates, when used, are C14-C20 lactylates, and more preferably, C16-C18 lactylates like palmitoyl-1-lactylate, stearoyl-1-lactylate or mixtures thereof. Polylactyls (typically numbering from two to three lactyl groups) are also suitable for use, like palmitoyl-2-lactylate, stearoyl-2-lactylate or mixtures thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, sodium lauroyl lactylate, sodium stearoyl lactylate or mixtures thereof are preferred. Fatty acid sources are typically vegetable, soy, coconut, and palm oil. In an embodiment of the invention, less than 75%, and preferably, less than 45%, and most preferably, less than 30% by weight of the lactylate used based on total weight of lactylate is derived from palm kernel oil. In another embodiment of the invention, from 0.001 to 40%, and preferably, from 0.01 to 35%, and most preferably, from 1 to 30% by weight of total lactylate used in the compositions is derived from palm kernel oil. In even another embodiment, the lactylate used is sodium stearoyl lactylate where less than 5% by weight (or 0.0% by weight) of the lactylate used is derived from palm kernel oil.

[0045] In still another embodiment of the invention, anionic suitable for optional use is one where the Rbgroups are hydrogen and the anionic represented by formula (II) is a C10-C20 glycolate.

[0046] As described, when both the lactylate, glycolate or both, and anionic saccharide-based surfactants are present, the first anionic surfactant is at least 40% by weight anionic saccharide-based surfactant, and preferably, at least 45% by weight, and most preferably, from 45 to 99.5% (or from 45 to 95%, or from 48 to 80%, or from 48 to 70%) by weight anionic saccharide-based surfactant based on total weight of the first anionic surfactant in the dilutable concentrate composition. For the avoidance of doubt, the first anionic surfactant in the dilutable concentrate composition and end use composition can be 100% by weight anionic saccharide-based surfactant.

[0047] In an embodiment of the invention, the total amount of first anionic surfactant used in the dilutable concentrate composition is at least 3.5% by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition, and often from 4 to 28%, and preferably, from 5 to 25%, and most preferably, 6 to 23% (or from 7 to 22.5% or from 7 to 22% or from 7.25 to 21% or from 7.25 to 18%, or from 8 to 13.5% or from 8.5 to 12.5%) by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition.

[0048] The dilutable concentrate composition of the invention may comprise a fatty acid comprising from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, fatty alcohol comprising from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or mixture thereof. The furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant

[0049] The head group comprises: i) a furan ring; and ii) a sulphonate group directly attached to the furan ring; wherein the furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant has the structure of Formula (I):

[0050] Formula (I) where R is a hydrophobic alkyl tail group having a carbon chain length of 8 to 18, 18:1 and 18:2 where R groups of different chain lengths can be used in combination as a blend, preferably a blend of chain lengths of C12 and C14 and X is a counterion, selected from organic and inorganic counterions;

[0051] The sulphonate group is directly attached to the furan ring.

[0052] There is no chemical unit (group or moiety), for example a methylene group (CH2), between the sulphonate group and the furan ring.

[0053] The furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant can be readily derived from bio-mass.

[0054] The linker group comprises an amide and a saturated hydrocarbon chain. The saturated hydrocarbon chain is preferably selected from an ethylene group and a methylene group, most preferably a methylene group (CH2).

[0055] The hydrophobic alkyl tail is an alkyl chain comprising a carbon chain length of 6 to 18, preferably from 8 to 16 carbon chains, most preferably from 10 to 14.

[0056] The hydrophobic alkyl chain can be linear or branched, preferably linear.

[0057] The hydrophobic alkyl chain can be saturated or unsaturated, preferably saturated. Preferred unsaturated chain include C18: 1 , C18:2 and C18:3, most preferred C18:1. Blends of chain lengths may also be used, for example a blend of C12 and C14, preferably in a wt:wt ratio of 2: 1.

[0058] The anionic sulphate free surfactant has a structure as defined in Formula (I):

[0059] Formula (I) where R is a hydrophobic alkyl tail group having a carbon chain length of from 8 to 18, preferably from 8 to 16 carbon chains, most preferably from 10 to 14; and where X is a counterion, suitably selected from organic and inorganic counterions. The counterion may be a proton.

[0060] Preferred counterions include alkali metals, especially sodium and potassium, and ammonium and triethanolammonium cations.

[0061] The furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant is preferably present in an amount of from 2 to 30% by weight of the total composition, more preferably from 5 to 25% by weight, and most preferably, from to 8 to 20% by weight of the total composition, including all ranges subsumed therein.

[0062] Method of making furan-based sulphate free anionic surfactant

[0063] The furan-based sulphate free anionic surfactant of the present invention may be made by any suitable process. An example of a suitable process follows.

[0064] Amidation reaction: Furfurylamine (1 eq) and triethylamine (1.1 eq) were mixed in ethyl acetate (6 g / 100 ml) at 0 °C. The acyl chloride (1.05 eq) was then added dropwise. After complete addition, the mixture was heated to 70 °C and stirred for 16h. TLC (EtOAc:PE 2:1 , PM DA stain) showed a new spot with Rf= 0.5 and consumption of starting furfurylamine. Water was added to quench, the crude was filtered hot and the solid precipitate was washed with further hot ethyl acetate. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness, affording the corresponding furfurylamide as an off-white solid (82-99%). N-(furan-2-ylmethyl)dodecanamide. Using furfurylamine (15 g), dodecanoyl chloride (38.5 ml) and triethylamine (4.0 ml). Pale yellow solid, 99% yield.1H NMR (MeOD), 5 (ppm): 7.40, dd, 1 H, J = 0.8 and 1.8 Hz; 6.33-6.32, m, 1 H; 6.22, dd, 1 H, J = 0.8 and 3.1 Hz;

[0065] 4.33, s, 2 H; 2.19, t, 2 H, J = 7.0 Hz; 1.61-1.58, m, 2 H; 1.31-1.28, m, 16 H; 0.90, t, 1 H, J = 6.7 Hz.

[0066] Sulfonation reaction: Furfurylamide (1 eq) was dissolved in acetonitrile (20 g / 100 ml) at 0 °C. Chlorosulfonic acid (3 eq) was then added dropwise. After complete addition, the reaction was warmed up to RT and stirred for 3h.1H NMR (MeOD) showed disappearance of the proton at 7.4 ppm, corresponding to C4-H in the furan ring, confirming substitution at this position. Water was carefully added, followed by NaOH (50% in water) until pH 8. Most of the solvent was removed in vacuo and the residue was resuspended in acetone. The solid precipitate was collected, washed with hot acetone, dried and subjected to soxhlet extraction in methanol for 48h. This solution was then treated with activated carbon at reflux for 3h. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness, affording the corresponding sulphonated product as a pale-yellow solid (62-76%).

[0067] 5-(dodecanamidomethyl)furan-2-sulfonate. Using / \ / -(furan-2-ylmethyl)dodecanamide (40 g) and chlorosulfonic acid (24 ml). Off-white solid, 65% yield.1H NMR (DMSO-de), 5 (ppm): 8.28, t, 1 H, J = 5.6 Hz; 6.28, d, 1 H, J = 3.2 Hz; 6.08, d, 1 H, J = 3.2 Hz; 4.20, d, 2 H, J = 5.6 Hz; 2.09, t, 2 H, J = 7.2 Hz; 1.52-1.45, m, 2 H; 1.27-1.24, m, 16 H; 0.85, t, 1 H, J = 6.7 Hz.

[0068] Other anionic surfactants

[0069] As to other anionic surfactants that can optionally be used include taurates. Illustrative examples of the taurate surfactant that may be used include those which are acylamides of taurine or N-methyltaurine, and salts thereof. For example, taurates suitable for use are acyl taurates represented by the general formulae: R3(C=O)N(R4)CH2CH2SO3- M+(III), where R3is C5 to C29, more particularly, Csto C23 alkyl, R4is hydrogen or methyl, and M is hydrogen, ammonium, alkali metal cation, a lower Ci to C4, alkanol ammonium cation and / or a basic amino acid cation. In an embodiment of the invention, M includes sodium, ammonium and / or potassium ions. In one embodiment, R3is C5 to C17 alkyl. In another embodiment at least half of the R3groups are C7-C18 alkyl. In still another embodiment at least half of the R3groups are C9 to C15 alkyl or C9 to C13 alkyl. R3may be saturated or unsaturated. In yet another embodiment R4is methyl. For the avoidance of doubt, overall alkyl chain lengths described herein will include the carbonyl carbon.

[0070] Illustrative acyl taurates that may be used in the invention include, for example, taurates commonly known as sodium methyl lauroyl taurate, potassium methyl lauroyl taurate, sodium methyl myristoyl taurate, potassium methyl myristoyl taurate, ammonium methyl myristoyl taurate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, potassium methyl cocoyl taurate, ammonium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, potassium methyl oleoyl taurate, ammonium methyl oleoyl taurate, sodium lauroyl taurate, potassium lauroyl taurate, ammonium myristoyl taurate, sodium cocoyl taurate, potassium oleoyl taurate, mixtures thereof or the like. In an embodiment of the invention, the taurate used in the present invention is sodium methyl lauroyl taurate.

[0071] Other optional anionic surfactants can include isethionates . Such surfactants include C6- C20 acyl isethionates. These surfactants (esters) are prepared by a reaction between alkali metal isethionate with mixed aliphatic fatty acids having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms and an iodine value of less than 20. Often at least 75% of the mixed fatty acids have from 12 to 18 carbon atoms and up to 25% can have 6 to 10 carbon atoms. The acyl isethionate suitable for use may be an alkoxylated isethionate such as is described in llardi et al., U.S. Pat. No. 5,393,466, entitled "Fatty Acid Esters of Polyalkoxylated Isethionic acid. The isethionate surfactants can include the reaction product of fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with a base like sodium or potassium hydroxide. The acyl isethionate surfactant can have the general formula:

[0072] R5C-O(O)-C(X)H-C(Y)H-(OCH2-CH2)V-SO3- M+(IV), where R5is an alkyl group having 5 to 19 carbons, v is an integer from 0 to 4 (1 to 4 for the alkoxylated option), X and Y are each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbons and M is as previously defined.

[0073] It is also within the scope of the invention, when v is 0, for either the carbon alpha or beta to the sulfonate group to have one C1-4 alkyl substitution in place of hydrogen, preferably a C1-3 alkyl substitution and most preferably, a methyl group. It is also within the scope of the invention for R5to have a degree of unsaturation and typically no more than 2, and more preferably, no more than 1 double bond. Illustrative examples of the isethionates suitable for use in the lamellar wash composition of the present invention include sodium capryl isethionate, sodium caproylyl isethionate, sodium capryl methyl isethionate, sodium caproylyl methyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium cocoyl methyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, potassium lauroyl isethionate, potassium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl isethionate, sodium oleoyl methyl isethionate, sodium stearoyl isethionate, sodium stearoyl methyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl isethionate, sodium myristoyl methyl isethionate, sodium palmitoyl isethionate, sodium palmitoyl methyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl isethionate, ammonium cocoyl methyl isethionate, or mixtures thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, the isethionate used in the present invention is sodium lauroyl isethionate sodium cocoyl isethionate or a mixture thereof.

[0074] In an embodiment of the invention, R5can be branched and comprise from 1 to 3 carbon atoms with a C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkoxy or both as a branch chain where the length of R5remains 5 to 19 carbon atoms. In an embodiment of the invention, the isethionate used has a methyl branch on its alpha or beta carbon. In still another embodiment, the alpha carbon is substituted with 2 methyl groups (i.e. , is a dimethyl alpha carbon).

[0075] Acyl glycinates (and salts thereof) are also optionally suitable for use, these include Cs to C20, and preferably, C10 to C18 and most preferably, C12 to C16 or C12 to C14 acyl glycinates. Illustrative and nonlimiting examples of the glycinates that may be used include sodium lauroyl glycinate, sodium myristoyl glycinate, sodium cocoyl glycinate, potassium lauroyl glycinate, sodium myristoyl glycinate, potassium cocoyl glycinate or a mixture thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, sodium cocoyl glycinate, potassium cocoyl glycinate or a mixture thereof are often preferred when acyl glycinates are used. In another embodiment, sodium or potassium lauroyl glycinate or both may also be used in the compositions of the invention. In even another embodiment of the invention, the acyl portion of the glycinates that may be selected for use is preferably saturated but suitable to be unsaturated with no more than 2 double bonds, including conjugated double bonds.

[0076] Acyl glutamates (and salts thereof) are also optionally suitable for use and include Cs to C20, and preferably, C10 to Cis and most preferably, C12 to C16 or C12 to C14 acyl glutamates where the acyl portion is preferably saturated, but as is the case with glycinates, suitable to be unsaturated with no more than 2 double bonds, including conjugated double bonds. Illustrative yet nonlimiting examples of the glutamates that may be used include sodium capryloyl glutamate, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium myristoyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium stearoyl glutamate, sodium oleyl glutamate, disodium oleyl glutamate, dipotassium capryloyl glutamate, dipotassium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium capryloyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate, disodium lauroyl glutamate, disodium stearoyl glutamate, disodium undecylenoyl glutamate, potassium capryloyl glutamate, potassium cocoyl glutamate, potassium lauroyl glutamate, potassium myristoyl glutamate, potassium stearoyl glutamate, potassium oleyl glutamate, potassium undecylenoyl glutamate, sodium olivoyl glutamate, sodium palmitoyl glutamate, sodium undecylenoyl glutamate, disodium cocoyl glutamate or a mixture thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, sodium lauroyl glutamate, sodium cocoyl glutamate, sodium stearoyl glutamate or a mixture thereof is preferred. In another embodiment, if a glutamate is used, sodium myristoyl and / or sodium cocoyl glutamate may be desired.

[0077] As to other anionic surfactants suitable to be selected for use, these include alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates, acyl sarcosinates or a mixture thereof (including any salts thereof).

[0078] As noted herein, compositions of the present invention are optionally, and preferably, substantially free of sulfate-based surfactants. In an embodiment of the invention sulfate- based surfactant may be used at an amount of less than 2% by weight of the total weight of the end use composition. If optionally included, the sulfate-based surfactants can include C8-C20 alkyl sulfates and / or C8-C20 alkyl ether sulfates. When selected, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl ether sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl ether sulfate, sodium pareth sulfate or a mixture thereof may be selected for use. As to those sulfate- based surfactants classified as alkyl ether sulfates, the ethoxy portion is typically from 1 to 3 ethoxy units in length, and often, from 2 to 3 ethoxy units in length.

[0079] As to the anionic sulfonates and their salts that may be selected for use (in addition to the anionic saccharide-based surfactant and taurates described herein), the same can include alkyl sulfonates, alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonates, alkyl alpha olefin sulfonates (hydrocarbons being an alkene, CxH2x, with a double bond in the alpha position) or a mixture thereof. Typically, the alkyl portion is from C8-C24, and preferably, from C10-C20, and more preferably, from C12 to Gw or from C12 to Cw or from C14 to Cw.

[0080] Suitable succinates (including their salts) that may optionally be included in the compositions are those with a Cw to C20 hydrophobic portion. Illustrative examples include disodium oleamido MIPA sulfosuccinate, disodium oleamido MEA sulfosuccinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, diammonium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diammonium laureth sulfosuccinate, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, disodium oleamide MEA sulfosuccinate, sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate, or a mixture thereof. For the avoidance of doubt, MIPA and MEA refer to monoisopropanolamine and monoethanolamine, respectively.

[0081] The acyl sarcosinates suitable for use include those having a C8-C20 or C10-C18 or C12-C18 acyl group. Illustrative examples of the sarcosinates that may optional be used include sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium cocoyl sarcosinate, or a mixture thereof.

[0082] In an embodiment of the invention, at least one anionic surfactant that may be used is selected from sodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, sodium myristoyl sulfosuccinate, sodium cocoyl sulfosuccinate, sodium stearoyl sulfosuccinate, sodium laureth sulfosuccinate, sodium pareth sulfosuccinate, disodium laureth sulfosuccinate, disodium lauryl sulfosuccinate, diethylhexyl sodium sulfosuccinate or a mixture thereof.

[0083] In yet another embodiment, the anionic surfactant used in the composition can include sodium methyl 2-sulfolaurate or disodium 2-sulfolaurate or both.

[0084] Mixtures of any of the described anionic surfactants may be used with the anionic saccharide-based surfactant and furan-based anionic surfactant described herein, and the cation portion of their salts can include sodium, potassium and ammonium ions or mixtures thereof.

[0085] Amphoteric surfactants may be included in the compositions. Illustrative examples include cocoyl amine oxide, lauramine oxide, myristamine oxide, palmitamine oxide, stearamine oxide, oleamine oxide, cocam idopropyl amine oxide, lauryl amidopropyl amine oxide, myristyl amidopropyl amine oxide, palmityl amidopropyl amine oxide, stearyl amidopropyl amine oxide, oleamidopropyl amine oxide or a mixture thereof.

[0086] Additional amphoteric surfactants suitable for optional use include imidazolines, sodium acyl amphoacetates, sodium acyl amphopropionates, disodium acyl amphodiacetates and disodium acyl amphodipropionates where the acyl (i.e. , alkanoyl group) can comprise a C7-C18 alkyl portion. Illustrative examples of the amphoteric surfactants suitable for use include sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, sodium lauroamphoacetate, sodium cocoamphoacetate, cocamphodipropionate or a mixture thereof.

[0087] In an embodiment of the invention, when used, the amphoteric selected can optionally be at least 80%, and preferably, at least 85%, and most preferably, at least 90% (or 90 to 100% or 94 to 100% or 94 to 98% or 100%) by weight amine oxide whereby such amine oxide can have the formula: Rx-N+(Ry)2-O- where Rxis a Cs-2o alkyl, and preferably, a C10-18 alkyl, and most preferably, a C12-18 alkyl (or C12-16 alkyl) and Ryis H or a C1-6 alkyl or CM alkyl or 'C1-3 alkyl or C1-2 alkyl or -CH3. In another embodiment of the invention, the preferred amine oxide selected is cocoyl amine oxide, lauramine oxide, myristamine oxide, palmitamine oxide, stearamine oxide, oleamine oxide or a mixture thereof.

[0088] The zwitterionic surfactants suitable for inclusion in the compositions of the present invention include those with at least one acid group. The acid group may be a carboxylic or a sulphonic acid group. They often include quaternary nitrogen, and therefore, can be quaternary amino acids. Such surfactants should generally include an alkyl or alkenyl group of 6 to 18 carbon atoms and generally comply with the overall structural formula:

[0089] R6-[-C(O)-NH(CH2)q-]r-N+-(R7-)(R8)A— B (IV) where R6is alkyl or alkenyl of 5 to 19 carbon atoms; R4and R5are each independently alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or carboxyalkyl of 1 to 3 carbon atoms; q is 2 to 4; r is 0 or 1 ; A is an alkylene of 1 to 3 carbon atoms optionally substituted with hydroxyl, whereby B is --CO2-- or -SO3-.

[0090] Suitable zwitterionic surfactants that may be used in the present invention and within the above general formula include simple betaines of formula:

[0091] R3-N+-(R7)(R8)CH2CO2- (V) and amido betaines of formula:

[0092] R6— CONH(CH2)t— N+-(R7)(R8)CH2CO2- (VI) where t is 2 or 3.

[0093] In both formulae R6, R7and R8are as previously defined. R6would, in particular, include a mixture of C7 to C17 alkyl groups and R7and R8are preferably methyl or ethyl groups, most preferably methyl groups. R3’ is Ce to Cis. A further option is that the zwitterionic surfactant is a sulphobetaine of the formula:

[0094] R3’ -N+-(R7)(R8)(CH2)3SO3- (VII) or

[0095] R6-CONH(CH2)U -N+-(R7)(R8)(CH2)3SO3- (VIII) where u is 2 or 3, or variants of these in which --(CH2)3SO3‘ is replaced by - CH2C(OH)(H)CH2SO3-.

[0096] In these formulae (VII and VIII), R3’, R6, R7and R8are as previously defined.

[0097] Illustrative examples of the zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use include betaines like lauryl betaine, laurylhydroxy sulfobetaine, lauryldimethyl betaine, coco betaine, cocoamidopropylhydroxylsulfo betaine, cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, cocamidopropyl betaine, laurylamidopropyl betaine, cocodimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, mixtures thereof or the like.

[0098] Additional zwitterionic surfactants suitable for use include lauryl hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxy sultaine or mixtures thereof. Such surfactants are made commercially available, and it is within the scope of the invention to employ mixtures of the aforementioned surfactants.

[0099] Even other zwitterionic surfactants that may be used in the present are C16-20 amidopropyl hydroxysultaines where the C16-20 amidopropyl hydroxysultaine is preferably palmityl, stearyl and / or oleyl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine, and most preferably, palmityl amidopropyl hydroxysultaine. Other suitable zwitterionic surfactants suitable for optional use include behenyl betaine, capryl / capramidopropyl betaine, stearyl betaine, myristyl hydroxysultaine, palmityl hrdroxysultaine, or a mixture thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the zwitterionic surfactant used in the compositions of this invention is cocamidopropyl betaine.

[0100] Zwitterionic surfactant or amphoteric surfactant or both (i.e., total weight of zwitterionic surfactant and amphoteric surfactant when both are used) typically makes up from 7.5 to 18%, and preferably, from 8 to 17%, and most preferably, from 9 to 16% (or from 9.5 to 15% or from 10 to 14.5% or from 10.5 to 14%) by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition. In an embodiment of the invention, less than 95%, and preferably, less than 90%, and most preferably, less than 85% (or less than 80% or from 5 to 22% or from 6 to 20% or from 10 to 15%) by weight of the hydrophobic portion of the surfactants used in the present invention are recovered from petroleum, palm oil, palm kernel oil and / or coconut oil. In another embodiment, from 90 to 100% by weight of the hydrophobic portion of at least one surfactant used herein is not recovered from petroleum, palm oil, palm kernel oil and / or coconut oil.

[0101] In even another embodiment of the invention, from 0.0 to 15% or from 0.05 to 12% or from 0.5 to 10% by weight of any of the surfactants used in the compositions of the invention may have hydrophobic portion with carbon recovered from purple carbon, and that is, carbon recovered from carbon dioxide waste gas via biotechnology that utilizes microbial gas fermentation.

[0102] In yet another embodiment, at least 10% or at least 20%, and preferably, at least 30%, and most preferably, from 40 to 100%, or from 50 to 100% (or from 15 to 35% or 10 to 20%) by weight of the surfactants have hydrophobic chain recovered from triglycerides such as those recovered from jojoba, avocado, olive, and nuts, as well as from seed oil (e.g., sunflower, linseed, rapeseed), and especially, from soy bean oil.

[0103] The solvent suitable for use in the compositions of the present invention are limited only to the extent such solvent may be included in topical wash compositions. Such a solvent comprises from 83 to 100% by weight C3 to C10 diol (or glycol), and preferably, from 85 to 100%, and most preferably, from 90 to 100% (or from 93 to 97% or from 93 to 98% or from 94 to 99.5% or 100%) by weight C3 to C10 diol whereby the dilutable concentrate composition comprises from 10 to 30%, and preferably, 12 to 28%, and most preferably, 14 to 26% by weight of the solvent. Illustrative examples of the solvents suitable for use include propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol (e.g., PPG-9), polyethylene glycol, butylene glycol, pentylene glycol, hexylene glycol, octylene glycol, 1 ,2-propanediol, 1 ,2-butanediol, 1 ,2-pentanediol, 1 ,2-hexanediol, 1 ,2-heptanediol, 1 ,2-octandiol or mixtures thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, the solvent used is a mixture of propylene glycol and hexylene glycol at a weight ratio from 1 :6 to 6: 1 or from 1 :5 to 5: 1 or from 1 :4 to 4: 1 or from 1 :3 to 3: 1 or from 1 :2 to 2:1. In another embodiment, the solvent used is at least 80% or at least 90% or from 90 to 100% by weight hexylene glycol.

[0104] Conventional humectants may optionally be included as additives in the compositions of the present invention to assist in moisturizing skin when the resulting end use compositions (i.e., emulsions) are made by hydrating the dilutable concentrate composition with water. These materials are generally polyhydric alcohol type materials (polyols) that include glycerol (i.e., glycerine or glycerin), sorbitol, hydroxypropyl sorbitol, ethoxylated glycerol, propoxylated glycerol and mixtures thereof. Most preferred is glycerin, sorbitol or a mixture thereof. The amount of humectant employed may range anywhere from 0.0 to 7% by weight of the total weight of the dilutable concentrate composition. Often, and when used, humectant makes up from 0.1 to 6%, and preferably, from 0.2 to 5.25%, and most preferably, from 0.2 to 5% or from 0.3 to less than 5% or from 0.3 to 2.5% by weight (or from 0.2 to 1.5% by weight) of the total weight of the dilutable concentrate composition.

[0105] As to the thickener or thickening agent suitable for use in the dilutable concentrate composition of the present invention, particularly useful are those generally classified as polysaccharides. Examples include fibers, starches, natural / synthetic gums and cellulosics. Representative of the starches are chemically modified starches such as sodium hydroxypropyl starch phosphate and aluminum starch octenylsuccinate. Tapioca starch may often be selected, as can maltodextrin. Suitable gums include xanthan, sclerotium, pectin, karaya, arabic, agar, guar (including Acacia Senegal guar), carrageenan, alginate and combinations thereof. Suitable cellulosics include hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, sodium carboxy methylcellulose (cellulose gum / carboxymethyl cellulose) and cellulose (e.g. cellulose microfibrils, cellulose nanocrystals or microcrystalline cellulose). Sources of cellulose microfibrils include secondary cell wall materials (e.g. wood pulp, cotton), bacterial cellulose, and primary cell wall materials. Preferably and when used the source of primary cell wall material is selected from the parenchymal tissue of fruits, roots, bulbs, tubers, seeds, leaves and combinations thereof; and more preferably, is selected from citrus fruit, tomato fruit, peach fruit, pumpkin fruit, kiwi fruit, apple fruit, mango fruit, sugar beet, beet root, turnip, parsnip, maize, oat, wheat, peas or combinations thereof. Even more preferably when used, cell wall material is selected from citrus fruit, tomato fruit and combinations thereof. An often preferred source of primary cell wall material is parenchymal tissue from citrus fruit. Citrus fibers, such as those made available by Herbacel® as AQ Plus can also be used as a source for cellulose microfibrils. The cellulose sources can be surface modified by any of the known methods including those described in Colloidal Polymer Science, Kalia et al., “Nanofibrillated cellulose: surface modification and potential applications” (2014), Vol 292, Pages 5-31. Still other thickening agents that may be used include esters of polyalkoxylated polyols and fatty acids. Examples of such agents include PEG 18 glyceryloleate / cocoate, polyethylene glycol 6000 distearate, INCI name of PEG- 150 distearate; PEG 120 methyl glucose dioleate and PEG 120 methylglucose trioleate (Glucomate™ DOE-120 and Glucomate™ VLT made available by Lubrizol); PEG-150 Pentaerythrityl Tetrastearate (Crothix™, Crothix™ Liquid, and Versathix™ made available by Croda); PEG-150 Polyglyceryl-2 Tristerate (Genapol® LT made available by Clariant); and PEG / PPG- 120 / 10-Trimethlolpropane Trioleate (Arlypon® TT made available by BASF). The number of hydrophilic polyalkoxylated arms are two for PEG- 150 distearate, three for Arlypon® TT, four for Genapol® LT and Crothix™, Crothix™ Liquid, and Versathix™, and five for Glucomate™ DOE- 120.

[0106] Another class of thickening agent that can be used includes crosslinked polyacrylates such as the Carbomers, polyacrylamides such as Sepigel® 305 and taurate copolymers such as Simulgel® EG and Aristoflex® AVC, the copolymers being identified by respective INCI nomenclature as Sodium Acrylate / Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate and Acryloyl Dimethyltaurate / Vinyl Pyrrolidone Copolymer. Another synthetic polymer suitable for optional thickening is an acrylate-based polymer made commercially available by Seppic and sold under the name Simulgel INS100. Calcium carbonate, fumed silica, and magnesium-aluminum-silicate may also be used.

[0107] In an embodiment of the invention and as noted, the compositions of the present invention are substantially free based of thickener that is acrylate derived or based, and preferably, the compositions have less than 0.5% by weight, and most preferably, no (0.0%) by weight of acrylate-based thickener.

[0108] In another embodiment, the thickener used is a cationic polymer. Preferred cationic polymers are quaternary nitrogen-containing polysaccharides, preferably quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers, such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,472,840; 3,962,418; 4,663,159, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,407,919. Particularly preferred are quaternary nitrogen-containing hydroxyethyl celluloses. Examples of such cationic polymers are salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide such as Polyquaternium-10, made commercially available by Dow® as UCARE™ Polymer JR- 125, UCARE Polymer JR-400, UCARE Polymer KF, UCARE Polymer JR-30M, UCARE Polymer LR-400, UCARE Polymer LR-30M, UCARE Polymer LK mixtures thereof or the like.

[0109] Other preferred cationic polymers include those known as hydrophobically-modified cationic conditioning polymers such as those made commercially available also by Dow® under the names SoftCAT™ SL 5, SoftCATSL 30, SoftCATSL 60, SoftCATSL 100, SoftCAT SK-L, SoftCAT SK-M, and SoftCAT SK-H. Included for suitable use in the dilutable concentrate composition of the invention as thickening agent are those cationic polymers referred to as Polyquaternium-7, Polyquaternium-44, Polyquaternium 24 or mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the thickening agent used comprises at least 50%, and preferably, at least 75%, and most preferably, at least 85% (or from 90 to 100% or from 90 to 96% or from 92 to 98% or from 95 to 99.5% or 100%) by weight Polyquaternium-67 (2-hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, reacted with N,N,N- trimethyl-N-oxiranylmethylammonium chloride and N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethyl-N- oxiranylmethylammonium chloride) made commercially available by Dow® under the SoftCAT SK-M H name.

[0110] The amount of thickening agent used in the dilutable concentrate may range from 2.5% to 9%, and preferably, from 3 to 8%, and most preferably, from 4 to 8% (or from 4 to 7.5% or from 4.5 to 7.5% or from 5 to 6.5% or from 5.5 to 6.5%) by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition. In still another embodiment of the invention, the thickener used is all Polyquaternium-67.

[0111] Nonionic surfactants may optionally be used in the dilutable concentrate composition of the present invention. If used, nonionic surfactants are typically used at levels from 0.2 to 6% (or from 0.2 to 5% or from 0.2 to 4% or from 0.6 to 3% or 0.6 to 1.5%) by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition. The nonionic surfactants which may be used include the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide. Specific nonionic surfactant compounds are alkyl (C6-C22) phenol condensates with ethylene oxide, the condensation products of aliphatic (Cs-Cis) primary or secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. Other nonionic surfactants include long chain tertiary amine oxides, long chain tertiary phosphine oxides, dialkyl sulphoxides, or the like.

[0112] In an embodiment of the invention, nonionic surfactants optionally used can include fatty acid / alcohol ethoxylates having the following structures a) HOCH2(CH2)S(CH2CH2O)VH or b) HOOC(CH2)c(CH2CH2O)d H; where s and v are each independently an integer up to18; and c and d are each independently an integer from 1 or greater. In an embodiment of the invention, s and v are each independently 6 to 18; c and d are each independently 1 to 30. Other options for nonionic surfactants include those having the formula HOOC(CH2)i- CH=CH--(CH2)k(CH2CH2O)zH, where i, k are each independently 5 to 15; and z is 5 to 50. In another embodiment of the invention, i and k are each independently 6 to 12; and z is 15 to 35.

[0113] The nonionic may also include a sugar amide, such as a polysaccharide amide. Specifically, the surfactant may be one of the lactobionamides described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,389,279 to Au et al., entitled "Compositions Comprising Nonionic Glycolipid Surfactants issued Feb. 14, 1995 or it may be one of the sugar amides described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,009,814 to Kelkenberg, entitled "Use of N-Poly Hydroxyalkyl Fatty Acid Amides as Thickening Agents for Liquid Aqueous Surfactant Systems" issued Apr. 23, 1991.

[0114] In an embodiment of the invention, the anionic surfactant used is glycerol monostearate, cocamide monoethanolamine, CMEA, or a mixture thereof which may optionally make up from 0.06 to 0.75% or from 0.1 to 0.65% or from 0.2 to 0.55% by weight of the end use composition made via the present invention. In another embodiment, the compositions of the present invention will have no (0.0% by weight) nonionic surfactant.

[0115] In another embodiment of the invention, cationic surfactants may optionally be used in the compositions of the present invention.

[0116] One class of optional cationic surfactants includes heterocyclic ammonium salts such as cetyl or stearyl pyridinium chloride, alkyl amidoethyl pyrrylinodium methyl sulfate, and lapyrium chloride.

[0117] Tetra alkyl ammonium salts are another useful class of cationic surfactants suitable for optional use. Examples include cetyl or stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride or bromide; hydrogenated palm or tallow trimethylammonium halides; behenyl trimethyl ammonium halides or methyl sulfates; decyl isononyl dimethyl ammonium halides; ditallow (or distearyl) dimethyl ammonium halides, and behenyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.

[0118] Still other types of cationic surfactants that may be used are the various ethoxylated quaternary amines and ester quats. Examples include PEG-5 stearyl ammonium lactate (e.g., Genamin KSL manufactured by Clariant), PEG-2 coco ammonium chloride, PEG-15 hydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride, PEG 15 stearyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl ethyl methyl ammonium chloride, dipalmitoyl hydroxyethyl methyl sulfate, and strearyl amidopropyl dimethylamine lactate.

[0119] Even other useful cationic surfactants suitable for optional use include quaternized hydrolysates of silk, wheat, and keratin proteins, and it is within the scope of the invention to use mixtures of the aforementioned cationic surfactants.

[0120] If used, cationic surfactants will make up no more than 2% by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition. If present, cationic surfactants will typically make up from 0.01 to 0.5%, and more typically, from 0.1 to 0.3% by weight of the end use composition. In another embodiment, the compositions of the present invention have no (0.0% by weight) cationic surfactant.

[0121] Water makes up from 8 to 38%, and preferably, from 10 to 35%, and most preferably, from 11 to 32% (or 12 to 31% or 12 to 30% or 12 to 29%) by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition.

[0122] When making the end use composition (i.e. , lamellar end use composition), dilutable concentrate and water are combined at a weight ratio (concentrate:water) of 1 :1 to 1:6, or from 1 :2 to 1:5, or from 1 :2.2 to 1 :4.5 or from 1 :2.5 to 1 :4 or from 1 :2.7 to 1 : 3.5 or from 1:2.9 to 1:3.2 or from 1 :3. When combined shearing or agitation is provided (as noted) until a homogeneous lamellar end use wash composition is obtained. Such combining, in no particular order, can occur in the hands of the consumer, in a refill bottle (e.g., a bottle in a home often having a volume of around 0.5 to 1.5 liters) or in a manufacturing facility mixer or vessel so that end use wash composition may be made at a manufacturing facility thereby reducing the amounts of water needed to be shipped to better impact the environment.

[0123] As to the water used, typically the water is at a temperature from around 10 to 45°C, or from 11 to 42°C or from 12 to 41 °C or from 15 to 30°C. Preservatives can desirably be incorporated into the dilutable concentrate composition of the invention to protect against the growth of potentially harmful microorganisms.

[0124] Cosmetic chemists are familiar with appropriate preservatives and routinely choose them to satisfy the preservative challenge test and to provide product stability. Suitable traditional preservatives for use include propionate salts. Suitable preservatives are iodopropynyl butyl carbamate, phenoxyethanol, sodium benzoate, hydroxyacetophenone, ethylhexylglycerine, hexylene glycol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea, sodium dehydroacetate, dimethyl-dimethyl (DMDM) hydantoin, benzyl alcohol and mixtures thereof. Other preservatives suitable for use include sodium dehydroacetate, chlorophenesin and decylene glycol. Preservatives are preferably employed in amounts ranging from 0.08 to 3.6% by weight of the total weight of the dilutable concentrate composition. Also preferred is a preservative system with hydroxyacetophenone alone or in a mixture with other preservatives. Standard emollients, like vicinal diols (e.g., 1,2- hexane diol and / or 1,2-octane diol), may be used with the preservatives. In an embodiment of the invention, the preservative used is sodium benzoate. In another embodiment, the preservative used is Galguard® (phenoxyethanol, benzoic acid, capryloyl glycine, undecylenoyl glycine) made available from Galaxy. In even another embodiment, the preservative used comprises collectively in total less than 25% by weight, and preferably, less than 15% by weight methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone based on total weight of the preservative used. In still another embodiment, no methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone are used in the compositions of the present invention. As noted herein, the preservative used is preferably substantially free of parabens and hydantoins.

[0125] Inorganic salt (i.e. , electrolyte) is an optional but often desired ingredient to aid in stabilization of the compositions. Typical salts may be used like NaCI, KCI, MgC , CaCh, mixtures thereof or the like. Such inorganic salt makes up from 1 to 5%, and preferably, from 1.25 to 4%, and most preferably, from 1.5 to 3.5% (or from 1.6 to 3.2 or from 1.7 to 2.9%) by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition.

[0126] The pH of the compositions (concentrate and end use) is as herein defined from greater than 5.75 to 8.5. Adjusters for pH consistency are suitable for use. Such pH adjusters include amino methyl propanol, triethylamine, triethanolamine, ammonium, arginine, diisopropanolamine, triisopropanolamine, NaOH, KOH, H2SO4, HCI, Ce Hs O7 (i.e., citric acid) or mixtures thereof. The pH adjusters are added at amounts to yield the desired final pH. The pH values may be assessed with commercial instrumentation such as a pH meter made commercially available from Thermo Scientific®. Typically, such adjusters make up from 0.5 to 2.5%, and preferably, from 0.7 to 2%, and most preferably, from 0.9 to 1.7% (or from 1 to 1.5% or from 1 to 1.3%) by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition.

[0127] Structurants or lamellar structuring components may optionally be used for aiding in structuring of the end use composition to a lamellar wash. Illustrative examples of such components include Cs to Cis, and preferably, C to Ci6, and most preferably, C12 to C14 fatty acids, fatty alcohols, fatty amides or mixtures thereof. In an embodiment of the invention, such a component is lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or a mixture thereof where the hydrophobic portion of such can be unsaturated but typically with no more than one double bond. Typically, structuring components make up from 2 to 12%, and preferably, from 3 to 11%, and most preferably, from 4 to 10% by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition. In another embodiment, a fatty alcohol like lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, palmityl alcohol or a mixture thereof is used. In still another embodiment, a fatty alcohol is used with a fatty acid like lauric acid where the mixture of fatty alcohol and fatty acid is from 40 to 80%, and preferably, from 45 to 75%, and most preferably, from 45 to 70% by weight fatty alcohol based on total weight of structurant (i.e. , fatty alcohol and fatty acid) in the dilutable concentrate composition.

[0128] Oils suitable for use in the dilutable concentrate composition include silicone oils and / or mineral oil, but preferably includes oils that are naturally sourced and sustainable like, arachis oil, castor oil, coconut oil, corn oil, cotton seed oil, olive oil, rapeseed oil, safflower seed oil, sesame seed oil, soybean oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, avocado oil, macadamia nut oil, argan oil, pomegranate oil, argan Moroccan oil, moringa oil, blueberry oil, raspberry oil, walnut oil, pecan oil, peanut oil, bayberry oil, mango seed oil, jojoba oil, hydrolyzed jojoba oil, mixtures thereof or the like. If a silicone oil is optionally used, the same can include, for example, PEG-3 Dimethicone, PEG-8 Dimethicone, PEG-9 Dimethicone, PEG-10 Dimethicone, PEG-11 Methyl ether dimethicone, PEG-12 Dimethicone, PEG-14 Dimethicone, PEG-17 Dimethicone, PEG-32 Dimethicone mixtures thereof or the like.

[0129] In an embodiment of the invention, the oil selected for use comprises a mixture of oils where at least 50% by weight, and preferably, at least 75% to 99.9% by weight (or from 80 to 95% or from 85 to 92% or from 82 to 90% by weight of the oil used is soybean oil (liquid at 25°C) based on total weight of the oil in the dilutable concentrate composition. In another embodiment, less than 5% by weight of the total oil used, and preferably, less than 2.5%, and most preferably, none of the oil used is D5 cyclic siloxane (decamethylcyclopentasiloxane). In still another embodiment, the oil used is all (100% by weight based on total weight of the oil) soybean oil. Typically, the oil used will be solubilized in the concentrate (in view of the surfactants used) and / or will not be solubilized and have a droplet size from 1 to 500 microns, and preferably, from 2 to 200 microns, and most preferably, from 2 to 60 microns (or from 2 to 30 microns or from 2 to 20 microns or from 2 to 10 microns) in the concentrate where droplet size may be taken with a particle size analyzer, like a commercially available Malvern MS3000 Analyzer. In an embodiment of the invention, at least 50% by weight of the total weight of the oil will be solubilized, and preferably, from 70 to 100% or from 80 to 100% or from 90 to 100% or 100% by weight, or 85 to 95% by weight of the oil present will be solubilized and any of the remaining oil will be present as droplets.

[0130] In still another embodiment of the invention, the compositions can optionally have added thereto occlusive that is a semi-solid at 22°C, like petroleum jelly, CAS No. 8009-03-08, whereby such occlusive is a combination of hydrocarbons mainly having carbon chains longer than 25. Therefore, petroleum jelly is characterized as a composition made predominately of the paraffin series that can be obtained by, for example, dewaxing lubricating oil stock (or crude oil refining) whereby the same melts at temperatures from 35 to 72°C (more often 40 to 70°C) and boils at a temperature of 285°C or higher and often at a temperature between 295 and 325°C. Such occlusive is characterized as a semi-solid that spreads well topically at skin’s natural temperature of 33 to 37°C. Free of polycyclic aromatics, the most well-known and best produced petroleum jelly is sold under the brand name Vaseline®. In the present invention, petroleum jelly and petrolatum are meant to be the same. Semi-solid, as used herein, means soft like Vaseline®, not pourable at room temperature but spreadable on skin at room temperature.

[0131] Other materials suitable as semi-solid occlusive for optional addition include those made to mimic petroleum jelly (“petroleum jelly substitute” or “substitute”) but are not derived from petroleum or any biproduct or residue recovered from the processing of the same such as processing for gas production. They are, therefore, preferably plant-based, sustainable, soft solids that melt at temperatures similar to those described for petroleum jelly (more often from 29 to 65°C). In an embodiment of the invention, the petroleum jelly substitute suitable for optional use has a melting point from 30 to 62°C or from 30 to 60°C or from 30 to 55°C or from 30 to 50°C or from 30 to 45°C.

[0132] Such a petroleum jelly substitute suitable for use can be a vegetable-based substitute comprising, for example, triglycerides, castor oil, glycerin, caprylic / capric triglyceride, polyglyceryl ricinoleate, coconut oil, sunflower seed oil, safflower oil, cottonseed oil, olive oil, mixtures thereof or the like. Other options include the occlusives described in WO 22150812 A1 , WO 22150813 A1 , WO 22150814 A1, WO 221150815 A1, U.S. Patent No. 8,524,211.

[0133] Additional occlusive suitable for use is sold under the name BOTANIJELLY™ and made commercially available by Cargill (INCI hydrogenated vegetable glycerides). Other available occlusives that may be used as occlusive include those sold commercially by Sonneborn under the SonneNatural™ name and including the J-207, NXG, and PF-1 varieties.

[0134] When used, occlusive of the soft-solid type makes up from 0.5 to 10% or from 1 to 8% or from 2 to 7% or from 3 to 7% by weight of the total weight of occlusive and oil used in the dilutable concentrate composition. In an embodiment of the invention, when occlusive of the soft-solid type is used, the same will, in the compositions of the invention, have a droplet size consistent with the droplet sizes defined herein for the oils used that are liquid at 25°C. In an alternative, occlusive of the soft-solid type may be added to the compositions in a nanoemulsion, thus delivering occlusive of the soft-solid type to the compositions with an oil droplet size from 2 nm to 600 nm, and preferably, from 4 to 200 nm or from 5 to 100 nm or from 8 to 25 nm. When used oil present in the dilutable concentrate composition ranges from 1.5 to 8.5% by weight of the concentrate, and preferably, from 2 to 7.5%, or from 2 to 7%, and most preferably, from 3 to 6.5% or from 3.5 to 6% or from 3.8 to 5.7% or from 3.8 to 5.5% by weight of the concentrate.

[0135] Optional skin benefit agents are suitable for use in this invention, and they are limited only to the extent that the agents are capable of being topically applied via a wash composition.

[0136] Illustrative examples of the water soluble benefit agents suitable to include in the compositions are vitamin B2, niacinamide (vitamin B3), vitamin Be, vitamin C, mixtures thereof or the like. Water soluble derivatives of such vitamins may also be employed. For instance, vitamin C derivatives such as ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and ascorbyl glycoside may be used alone or in combination with each other. Other water-soluble benefit agents suitable for use include 4-ethyl resorcinol, extracts like sage, aloe vera, green tea, grapeseed, thyme, chamomile, yarrow, cucumber, liquorice, rosemary extract or mixtures thereof. Water soluble sunscreens like ensulizole may also be used. Total amount of optional water-soluble benefit agents (including mixtures) when optionally used in the present invention may range from 0.001 to 10%, and preferably, from 0.001 to 8%, and most preferably, from 0.01 to 6% by weight, based on total weight of the end use composition.

[0137] It is also within the scope of the present invention to optionally include oil (i.e., non-water) soluble benefit agents. The oil soluble actives or benefit agents are solubilized in oil or, for example, with the aid of the surfactants used.

[0138] Illustrative examples of the types of oil soluble benefit agents that may optionally be used in the compositions of this invention include components like stearic acid, vitamins like vitamin A, D, E and K (and their oil soluble derivatives), sunscreens like ethylhexylmethoxycinnamate, bis-ethyl hexyloxyphenol methoxyphenol triazine, 2- ethylhexyl-2-cyano-3,3-diphenyl-2-propanoic acid, drometrizole trisiloxane, 3,3,5-trimethyl cyclohexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl-2-hydroxybenzoate or mixtures thereof.

[0139] Other optional oil soluble benefit agents suitable for use include resorcinols like 4-hexyl resorcinol, 4-phenylethyl resorcinol, 4-cyclopentyl resorcinol, 4-cyclohexyl resorcinol 4- isopropyl resorcinol or a mixture thereof. Also, 5-substituted resorcinols like 4-cyclohexyl- 5-methylbenzene-1,3-diol, 4-isopropyl-5-methylbenzene-1,3-diol, mixtures thereof or the like may be used. The 5-substituted resorcinols and their synthesis are described in commonly assigned U.S. Published Patent Application No. 2016 / 0000669A1.

[0140] Even other oil soluble actives suitable for use include omega-3 fatty acids, omega-6 fatty acids, climbazole, farnesol, ursolic acid, myristic acid, geranyl geraniol, oleyl betaine, cocoyl hydroxyethyl imidazoline, hexanoyl sphingosine, 12-hydroxystearic acid, petroselinic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, terpineol, thymol mixtures thereof or the like.

[0141] In an embodiment of the invention, the optional oil soluble benefit agent used is a retinoic acid precursor. In one embodiment of the invention, the retinoic acid precursor is retinol, retinal, retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate, retinyl acetate or a mixture thereof. Retinyl propionate, retinyl palmitate and mixtures thereof are typically preferred. Additionally, 12- hydroxystearic acid is often preferred for use. When optional oil soluble active is used, collectively, the same or mixtures of actives typically makes up from 0.0 to 1.5%, and preferably, from 0.001 to 1.5%, and most preferably, from 0.05 to 1.2% by weight of the end use composition (i.e. , lamellar end use composition).

[0142] Fragrances, fixatives, chelators (like EDTA) and exfoliants may optionally be included in the compositions of the present invention. Each of these substances may range from about 0.03 to about 5%, preferably between 0.1 and 3% by weight of the total weight of the end use composition, including all ranges subsumed therein. To the extent the exfoliants are used, those selected should be of small enough particle size so that they do not impede the performance of any packaging used to dispense the compositions of this invention.

[0143] Conventional emulsifiers having an HLB of greater than 8 may optionally be used. Illustrative examples include Tween, 40, 60, 80, polysorbate 20 and mixtures thereof. Typically, emulsifiers for water continuous systems make up from 0.3 to 2.5% by weight of the end use composition.

[0144] In an embodiment of the invention, the dilutable concentrate composition comprises from 0.01 to 4.5%, or from 0.02 to 4%, or from 0.03 to 3.5% by weight of at least one of glycerol, palmitic acid, 12-hydroxyacid, caffeine, mandelic acid, hyaluronic acid, salicylic acid, ceramides, sphingosine, thiamidol, honokiol, thymol, terpineol, conjugated linoleic acid, niacinamide, glycolic acid, lactic acid, benzalkonium chloride, cetrimonium chloride, benzoyl peroxide, vitamin E, benzyl alcohol, citric acid, aloe barbadensis leaf juice, or a mixture thereof.

[0145] The inventive compositions may comprise cationic polymers to, for example, aid deposition of silicones and benefit agents onto hair. The polymers may be homopolymers which are cationically substituted or may be formed from two or more types of monomers. The weight average (Mw) molecular weight of the polymers will generally be between 100 000 and 3 million daltons. The polymers will have cationic nitrogen containing groups such as quaternary ammonium or protonated amino groups, or a mixture thereof. If the molecular weight of the polymer is too low, then the conditioning effect is poor. If too high, then there may be problems of high extensional viscosity leading to stringiness of the composition when it is poured. The cationic nitrogen-containing group will generally be present as a substituent on a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationic polymer. Thus when the polymer is not a homopolymer it can contain spacer non-cationic monomer units. Such polymers are described in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Directory, 3rd edition. The ratio of the cationic to non-cationic monomer units is selected to give polymers having a cationic charge density in the required range, which is generally from 0.2 to 6 meq / g, preferably 0.2 to 3.0 meq / g. The cationic charge density of the polymer is suitably determined via the Kjeldahl method as described in the US Pharmacopoeia under chemical tests for nitrogen determination.

[0146] Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinyl monomers having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalities with water soluble spacer monomers such as (meth)acrylamide, alkyl and dialkyl (meth)acrylamides, alkyl (meth)acrylate, vinyl caprolactone and vinyl pyrrolidine. The alkyl and dialkyl substituted monomers preferably have C1-C7 alkyl groups, more preferably C1-3 alkyl groups. Other suitable spacers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohol, maleic anhydride, propylene glycol and ethylene glycol.

[0147] The cationic amines can be primary, secondary or tertiary amines, depending upon the particular species and the pH of the composition. In general, secondary and tertiary amines, especially tertiary, are preferred.

[0148] Amine substituted vinyl monomers and amines can be polymerised in the amine form and then converted to ammonium by quaternization.

[0149] The cationic polymers can comprise mixtures of monomer units derived from amine- and / or quaternary ammonium-substituted monomer and / or compatible spacer monomers.

[0150] Suitable (non-limiting examples of) cationic polymers include: cationic diallyl quaternary ammonium-containing polymers including, for example, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer (PDADMAC) and copolymers of acrylamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 6 and Polyquaternium 7, respectively; mineral acid salts of amino-alkyl esters of homo-and co-polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, (as described in U.S. Patent 4,009,256); cationic polyacrylamides(as described in WO95 / 22311).

[0151] Other cationic polymers that can be used include cationic polysaccharide polymers, such as cationic cellulose derivatives, cationic starch derivatives, and cationic guar gum derivatives.

[0152] Cationic polysaccharide polymers suitable for use in compositions for use in the invention include monomers of the formula:

[0153] A-O-[R-N+(R1)(R2)(R3)X-], wherein: A is an anhydroglucose residual group, such as a starch or cellulose anhydroglucose residual. R is an alkylene, oxyalkylene, polyoxyalkylene, or hydroxyalkylene group, or combination thereof. R1, R2and R3independently represent alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, or alkoxyaryl groups, each group containing up to about 18 carbon atoms. The total number of carbon atoms for each cationic moiety (i.e. , the sum of carbon atoms in R1, R2and R3) is preferably about 20 or less, and X is an anionic counterion.

[0154] Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. Other suitable cationic polysaccharide polymers include quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers (e.g. as described in U.S. Patent 3,962,418), and copolymers of etherified cellulose and starch (e.g. as described in U.S. Patent 3,958,581). Examples of such materials include the polymer LR and JR series from Dow, generally referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 10. Another type of cationic cellulose includes the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substituted epoxide, 15 referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 24. These materials are available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA) under the tradename Polymer LM-200.

[0155] A particularly suitable type of cationic polysaccharide polymer that can be used is a cationic guar gum derivative, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (commercially available from Rhodia in their JAGUAR trademark series). Examples of such materials are JAGUAR C13S, JAGUAR C14 and JAGUAR C17.

[0156] Also, preferred cationic polymers are quaternary nitrogen-containing polysaccharides, preferably quaternary nitrogen-containing cellulose ethers, such as those described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,472,840; 3,962,418; 4,663,159, and U.S. Pat. No. 5,407,919. Particularly preferred are quaternary nitrogen-containing hydroxyethyl celluloses. Examples of such cationic polymers are salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a trimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide such as Polyquaternium-10, made commercially available by Dow® as UCARE™ Polymer JR-125, UCARE Polymer J R-400, UCARE Polymer KF, UCARE Polymer J R-30M, UCARE Polymer LR-400, UCARE Polymer LR-30M, UCARE Polymer LK mixtures thereof or the like.

[0157] Other preferred cationic polymers include those known as hydrophobically-modified cationic conditioning polymers such as those made commercially available also by Dow® under the names SoftCATTM SL 5, SoftCAT SL 30, SoftCAT SL 60, SoftCAT SL 100, SoftCAT SK-L, SoftCAT SK-M, and SoftCAT SK-H. Included for suitable use in the invention are those cationic polymers referred to as Polyquaternium-7, Polyquaternium- 44, Polyquaternium 24 or mixtures thereof

[0158] A particularly suitable type of cationic polysaccharide polymer that can be used is a cationic guar gum derivative, such as guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride (Commercially available from Rhone-Poulenc in their JAGUAR trademark series). Examples are JAGUAR C13S, which has a low degree of substitution of the cationic groups and high viscosity, JAGUAR C15, having a moderate degree of substitution and a low viscosity, JAGUAR C17 (high degree of substitution, high viscosity), JAGUAR C16, which is a hydroxypropylated cationic guar derivative containing a low level of substituent groups as well as cationic quaternary ammonium groups, and JAGUAR 162 which is a high transparency, medium viscosity guar having a low degree of substitution. Particularly preferred cationic polymers are JAGUAR C13S, JAGUAR C15, JAGUAR C17 and JAGUAR C16 and JAGUAR C162, especially JAGUAR C13S, and JAGUAR C-14 / BFG. The JAGUAR C14 / BFG material is the same molecule as JAGUAR C13, except that a glyoxal cross linker has replaced the boron. Other cationic thickeners known in the art may be used provided that they are compatible with the inventive formulation. Mixtures of any of the above cationic polymers may be used.

[0159] Cationic polymer will generally be present in the cleansing composition for use in the invention at levels of from 0.01 to 5%, preferably from 0.02 to 1%, more preferably from 0.05 to 0.8% by total weight of cationic polymer based on the total weight of the composition.

[0160] If a silicone oil is optionally used, the same can include, for example linear and cyclic polydimethylsiloxane; amino, alkyl, alkylaryl, and aryl silicone oils. Still other examples include PEG-3 Dimethicone, PEG-8 Dimethicone, PEG-9 Dimethicone, PEG-10 Dimethicone, PEG-11 Methyl ether dimethicone, PEG-12 Dimethicone, PEG-14 Dimethicone, PEG-17 Dimethicone, PEG-32 Dimethicone mixtures thereof or the like.

[0161] Still further suitable silicones include polydimethylsiloxanes which have the CTFA designation dimethicone. Also suitable for use compositions of the invention are polydimethyl siloxanes having hydroxyl end groups, which have the CTFA designation dimethiconol. Preferably, the silicone is selected from the group consisting of dimethicone, dimethiconol, amodimethicone and mixtures thereof. Also preferred are blends of aminofunctionalised silicones with dimethicones.

[0162] The internal phase viscosity of the emulsified silicone itself (not the emulsion or the final hair conditioning composition) is typically at least 10,000 cst at 25 °C the viscosity of the silicone itself is preferably at least 60,000 cst, most preferably at least 500,000 cst, ideally at least 1 ,000,000 cst. Preferably the viscosity does not exceed 109cst for ease of formulation.

[0163] Emulsified silicones for use in the compositions of the invention will typically have a D90 silicone droplet size in the composition of less than 30, preferably less than 20, more preferably less than 10 micron, ideally from 0.01 to 1 micron. Silicone emulsions having an average silicone droplet size (D50) of 0.15 micron are generally termed microemulsions.

[0164] Silicone particle size may be measured by means of a laser light scattering technique, for example using a 2600D Particle Sizer from Malvern Instruments.

[0165] Examples of suitable pre-formed emulsions include Xiameter MEM 1785 and microemulsion DC2-1865 available from Dow Corning. These are emulsions / microemulsions of dimethiconol. Cross-linked silicone gums are also available in a preemulsified form, which is advantageous for ease of formulation.

[0166] A further preferred class of silicones for inclusion in compositions of the invention are amino functional silicones. By "amino functional silicone" is meant a silicone containing at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amine group, or a quaternary ammonium group. Examples of suitable amino functional silicones include: polysiloxanes having the CTFA designation "amodimethicone". A preferred amodimethicone is available from Dow Corning as DC 7134.

[0167] Specific examples of amino functional silicones suitable for use in the invention are the aminosilicone oils DC2-8220, DC2-8166 and DC2-8566 (all ex Dow Corning).

[0168] Suitable quaternary silicone polymers are described in EP-A-0 530 974. A preferred quaternary silicone polymer is K3474, ex Goldschmidt.

[0169] Also suitable are emulsions of amino functional silicone oils with non ionic and / or cationic surfactant.

[0170] Pre-formed emulsions of amino functional silicone are also available from suppliers of silicone oils such as Dow Corning and General Electric. Specific examples include DC939 Cationic Emulsion and the non-ionic emulsions DC2-7224, DC2-8467, DC2-8177 and DC2-8154 (all ex Dow Corning).

[0171] The total amount of silicone is preferably from 0.1 wt % to 10 wt % of the total composition more preferably from 0.1 wt % to 5 wt %, most preferably 0.25 wt % to 3 wt % is a suitable level.

[0172] The compositions of the present invention may include an appearance modifier to improve visual appearance and / or consumer appeal of the product. Most preferably the appearance modifier is a pearlescer selected from mica, titanium dioxide, titanium dioxide coated mica, ethylene glycol distearate (INCI glycol distearate) and mixtures thereof.

[0173] When making hydratable composition of the present invention, the desired ingredients may be mixed with conventional apparatus under moderate shear and atmospheric conditions, with temperature being from 35 to 80°C. Water is added to the dilutable concnetrate composition to produce the lamellar end use composition. Moderate shear such as shaking (or stirring) in a container will yield the end use composition in less than 5 minutes, preferably in less than 3 minutes, and most preferably, in less than 2 minutes. In an embodiment of the invention, end use composition is made in less than 1 minute, even preferably, less than 30 seconds. The end use composition will typically comprise 40 to 95%, and preferably, from 50 to 90%, and most preferably, from 60 to 88% by weight water based on total weight of the end use composition. In an embodiment of the invention, water makes up from 68 to 85% by weight of the end use composition, and in another embodiment, 72 to 80% by weight of the end use composition.

[0174] Moreover, the present invention relates in a further aspect to a method to prepare an end use composition, the method comprising the step of diluting the dilutable composition of the present invention with water. The dilutable concentrate composition has a viscosity from 1 to 15,000 cps and upon dilution the viscosity is greater in the end use composition as described.

[0175] The packaging for concentrate typically is not limited as long end use composition can be made by diluting (or hydrating) concentrate with water. In an embodiment on the invention, the dilutable concentrate composition is sold in a pouch (including polyvinyl alcohol sachet) or cartridge that is associated with and inserted in a bottle or canister. The bottle or canister is one which is filled with water and allows for the release of the dilutable concentrate composition into the same for mixing with water. Typically, the bottle or canister has a cap with a pump that opens the sachet or canister to release the concentrate composition into the water to make end use lamellar composition. Such a dilutable concentrate composition unexpectedly yields a stable lamellar end use composition, such as a body wash, with desirable characteristics appreciated by consumers. The packaging allows for infinite numbers of refilling to invariably reduce plastic waste in the environment.

[0176] The dilutable concentrate composition is preferably packaged in refill packaging where the concentrate is emptied into a package suitable to have water added to dilute the concentrate and produce the desired end use and lamellar wash composition. Preferably, the dilutable concentrate composition is used as a refill-composition. Packaging that includes post-consumer resin is often preferred. In another embodiment, dilutable concentrate is dispensed from a kiosk positioned in a retail store or used on demand. In yet another embodiment, the dilutable concentrate may optionally be packaged in a water-soluble film to make a concentrate pod or sachet. Such films include polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) comprising films, including homopolymers thereof (e.g., those substantially having only vinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate monomer units), copolymers thereof and those with one or more other monomer units in addition to vinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate units), and mixtures thereof. Depending on the art recognized amount of acetate groups needed in the film to be converted (undergo hydrolysis) to alcohol groups, the film can be modified to dissolve at temperatures from 10 to 65°C, and preferably, from 15 to 60°C, and most preferably, from 20 to 50°C.

[0177] Additional water soluble polymers for use in addition to the PVOH include modified polyvinyl alcohols, polyacrylates, water-soluble acrylate copolymers, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethyleneimine, pullulan, water-soluble natural polymers including, but not limited to, guar gum, gum Acacia, xanthan gum, carrageenan, and starch, water-soluble polymer derivatives including, but not limited to, modified starches, ethoxylated starch, and hydroxypropylated starch, copolymers of the same and combinations thereof. Still other water-soluble polymers suitable for optional use include polyalkylene oxides, polyacrylamides, polyacrylic acids and salts thereof; celluloses, cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, cellulose amides, polyvinyl acetates, polycarboxylic acids and salts thereof; polyaminoacids, polyamides, gelatines, methylcelluloses, carboxymethylcelluloses and salts thereof; dextrins, ethylcelluloses, hydroxyethyl celluloses, hydroxypropyl methylcelluloses, maltodextrins, and polymethacrylates.

[0178] The water-soluble polymers, with or without PVOH are commercially available from a variety of suppliers such as MonoSol, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation or the like. The shape of the pods or sachets is not limited, and they may be made, for example, in the shape of circles, ovals, squares or rectangles. The pods are typically 1.25 to 7 cm in one dimension and 4 to 7.5 cm in the other dimension, and preferably, 2 to 4 cm in height and 2 to 6.5 cm in length, width or diameter, according to the shape selected whereby the films used typically have a weight average molecular weight from 25,000 to 200,000 g / mol and are between 65 and 85 microns, and preferably, from 70 to 80 microns thick. When made the pods or sachets typically weigh from 12 to 50 grams, and preferably, from 13 to 35 grams, and most preferably, from 13 to 30 grams. Art recognized and commercially available machines are used to seal the pods, and for example, machines that use heat or ultrasonic sealing technologies are used. In an embodiment of the invention, when the concentrate is packaged in pods, the concentrate is often formulated to have a water activity from 0.5 to 0.75, and preferably from 0.55 to 0.7, and most preferably, 0.59 to 0.66, or from 0.59 to 0,64 where water activity (aw) is the partial vapor pressure of water in a solution divided by the standard state partial vapor pressure of water, measured with a commercially available water activity meter.

[0179] The Examples provided are to facilitate an understanding of the invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.

[0180] Example 1

[0181] Dilutable concentrate compositions consistent with this invention and controls were prepared and assessed. All Samples were prepared by combining the ingredients identified below in Table 1 and all ingredients were mixed with moderate shear under atmospheric conditions at a temperature from about 35 to 75°C. All concentrates made were stored for two weeks in ovens set at 50°C. The concentrates that were subjected to heating conditions were diluted (3 parts water to 1 part concentrate) to produce lamellar end use body wash compositions. Identical concentrates that were not subjected to heating conditions were also diluted in the same manner to produce lamellar end use body wash compositions from concentrates not stored at 50°C for two weeks.

[0182] All numbers in the Tables are based on weight percent on dilutable concentrate compositions, the balance of the compositions made was water and all had a pH of about 6.5. Viscosity was taken using the technique previously described.

[0183] In these examples, the “furan sulfonate” was made according to the method given herein above, under the heading “Method of making furan-based sulphate free anionic surfactant”. The resulting furan sulfonate surfactant had a 2:1 blend of C12 and C14 tails.

[0184] The following abbreviations are used: CKD Betaine = cocam idopropyl betaine AMP = Aminomethyl Propanol Table 1 : Compositions and viscosities of Inventive Compositions 1 - 3 and comparative A

[0185] Inventive samples 1-3 were made consistent with the present invention. These

[0186] 5 concentrates were pourable and with a lamellar structure before dilution. Subsequent to dilution, the lamellar body wash compositions made had a viscosity of about 50,000 cps. Concentrates to those of Samples 1-3 were stored for two weeks at 50°C. After storage, the concentrates were diluted and the resulting lamellar body wash compositions had a viscosity that was identical to or within 70% of the viscosity of the corresponding lamellar body wash that was made from a concentrate not subject to heating conditions. The results obtained unexpectedly show that concentrates made according to the present invention are unexpectedly stable notwithstanding being subjected to a temperature increase. It was also unexpectedly shown that the compositions made according to this invention did not display any syneresis or precipitate even when stored at room temperature (22°C) for three months. Also surprisingly, when skilled panelists washed with the lamellar body wash compositions made, all concluded that the compositions delivered excellent sensory attributes, were mild and foamed well, consistent with lamellar body wash compositions not made from a concentrate.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A dilutable concentrate composition comprising: a) an anionic surfactant system comprising: i) a first anionic surfactant comprising an anionic saccharide-based surfactant, or an anionic saccharide-based surfactant and a C10-C20 lactylate, a C10-C20 glycolate or both and with the proviso that when the lactylate, glycolate or both and saccharide- based surfactants are present, the first anionic surfactant is at least 40% by weight anionic saccharride-based surfactant based on total weight of the first anionic surfactant; ii) a second anionic surfactant, the second anionic surfactant being a furan-based anionic surfactant; b) an amphoteric surfactant, zwitterionic surfactant or both; c) 10 to 30%, and preferably, 12 to 28%, and most preferably, 14 to 26% (or from 14 to 24% or from 14 to 22% or from 14 to 21%) by weight of solvent comprising from 83 to 100% by weight C3 to C10 diol based on total weight of the solvent; d) thickener; and e) 8 to 38%, and preferably, from 10 to 35%, and most preferably, from 11 to 32% (or 12 to 31 % or 12 to 30% or 12 to 29%) by weight water, wherein the furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant comprises:A) a head group comprisingAi) a furan ring; andAii) a sulphonate group directly attached to the furan ring; wherein the furan-based anionic sulphate free surfactant has the structure of Formula (I):Formula (I) where R is a hydrophobic alkyl tail group having a carbon chain length of 8 to 18, 18:1 and 18:2 where R groups of different chain lengths can be used incombination as a blend, preferably a blend of chain lengths of C12 and C14 and X is a counterion, selected from organic and inorganic counterions;B) an amide containing linker group; andC) a hydrophobic alkyl tail group having a carbon chain length of 8 to 18; and wherein the dilutable concentrate composition has a pH greater than 5.75, comprises less than 7% by weight polyol, and comprises at least 3.5% by weight of the first anionic surfactant; and wherein the weight ratio of the first anionic to the second anionic is greater than 1.

2. The dilutable concentrate composition according to claim 1 wherein the composition is free of sulfate based surfactants.

3. The dilutable concentrate composition according to any of the preceding claims wherein the composition has a viscosity from 1 to 15,000 cps, taken with a Discovery HR-2 Rheometer using sand blasted plates with a 1000-micron gap, a shear rate of 4-15 s'1. And at a temperature of 25°C.

4. A method for making a lamellar end use wash composition comprising the step of combining water with the dilutable concentrate composition according to anyone of claims 1-3.

5. The method according to claim 4 wherein water and dilutable concentrate are combined in hands of a consumer, in a refill bottle, or in mixing apparatus in a manufacturing facility.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5 wherein the lamellar end use wash composition has a viscosity from at least 35,000 to 235,000 cps.

7. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6 wherein water is mixed with concentrate composition at a weight ratio from 1 :1 to 1 :6, or from 1 :2 to 1 :5, or from 1 :2.2 to 1 :4.5 or from 1 :2.5 to 1 :4 or from 1 :2.7 to 1 : 3.5 or from 1 :2.9 to 1 :3.2 or from 1 :3.

8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 7 wherein the lamellar end use wash composition further comprises oil and the dilutable concentrate furthercomprises from about 1.5 to 8.5% by weight oil, the oil being solubilized in the concentrate composition, present as droplets or both.

9. The method according to claim 8 wherein at least 50% by weight of the total weight of the oil will be solubilized, and preferably, from 70 to 100% or from 80 to 100% or from 90 to 100% or 100% by weight, or 85 to 95% by weight of the oil present will be solubilized and any remaining oil not solubilized will be present as droplets.

10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 9 wherein the first anionic surfactant comprises disodium cocoglucoside citrate or disodium cocoglucoside tartrate or both and sodium lauroyl lactylate, sodium stearoyl lactylate or both, and the second anionic surfactant comprises furan-based anionic surfactant, and the zwitterionic surfactant comprises cocamidopropyl betaine.

11. The dilutable concentrate composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the composition is packaged in a pod and the dilutable concentrate composition has a water activity from 0.5 to 0.75.

12. The dilutable concentrate composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the composition further comprises a fatty acid comprising from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, fatty alcohol comprising from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, or mixture thereof.

13. The dilutable concentrate composition according to claim 12 wherein both the fatty alcohol and fatty acid are present and fatty alcohol makes up from 45 to 80% by weight of total weight of fatty alcohol and fatty acid, the fatty alcohol and fatty acid collectively make up from 2 to 8.5% by weight of the dilutable concentrate composition.

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