Vehicle communication signal-based routing method and apparatus, and electronic device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle control and the technical field of circuits. Disclosed are a vehicle communication signal-based routing method and apparatus, and an electronic device. The method comprises: on the basis of an impedance standard value and a length threshold corresponding to a transmission trace for a vehicle communication signal on a printed circuit board, determining a first width threshold for the transmission trace; on the basis of power consumption demand data of electric components corresponding to the transmission trace, determining a second width threshold for the transmission trace; on the basis of an arrangement position, on the printed circuit board, of a serializer / deserializer chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal, determining an arrangement range for an alternating current coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board; and using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the arrangement range, and grounding component design rules to generate a target routing strategy for the transmission trace. The present invention solves the technical problems of poor standardization in communication signal-based printed circuit board transmission routing strategies and a low first-pass yield in printed circuit board design.

Description

Wiring methods, devices and electronic equipment based on vehicle communication signals Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of vehicle control technology and circuit technology, and more specifically, to a wiring method, apparatus, and electronic device based on vehicle communication signals. Background Technology

[0002] The High-Autonomy Driving Domain (HAD) controller is configured to integrate and process data from multiple sensors in the vehicle, including cameras, LiDAR, and millimeter-wave radar, thereby enabling intelligent driving functions across the entire vehicle. The HAD controller includes a System-on-a-Chip (SoC), corresponding circuitry for the SoC, and multiple video encoders / decoders. The accompanying circuitry is capable of simultaneously accessing and processing data from multiple cameras.

[0003] Gigabit Multimedia Serial Link 2 (GMSL2) signals refer to high-speed serial communication signals. GMSL2 is configured to transmit multimedia and sensor data in vehicles and other applications. Utilizing GMSL2 signals in vehicles can improve the connection efficiency and performance of internal system components, promoting the development of autonomous driving and smart cockpit technologies. However, even though GMSL2 signals theoretically support data transmission rates up to 6Gbps (gigabits per second), the design of communication signal transmission links (such as the aforementioned GMSL2 signal) on the printed circuit board (PCB) of HAD controllers has received widespread attention in related technical fields. However, in practical applications, no scheme has been proposed for routing GMSL2 signal transmission links on the PCB.

[0004] Based on existing engineering practice data, in complex real-world vehicle operating environments, the lack of standardized PCB routing design strategies for GMSL2 signals frequently leads to poor signal integrity during transmission. Consequently, PCB board fabrication success rates are low, and serious malfunctions such as data loss from vehicle cameras can occur. Therefore, how to design PCB routing based on GMSL2 signals has become a crucial technical challenge in this field.

[0005] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a wiring method, apparatus, and electronic device based on vehicle communication signals, to at least solve the technical problems in the related art, such as poor wiring strategy standardization, low success rate of printed circuit board design and board making, and poor stability and reliability of vehicle autonomous driving functions, due to the lack of printed circuit board transmission wiring design schemes based on communication signals.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a wiring method based on vehicle communication signals is provided, comprising: determining a first width threshold for the transmission wiring based on the impedance standard value and length threshold corresponding to the transmission wiring of the vehicle communication signals on a printed circuit board; determining a second width threshold for the transmission wiring based on the power demand data of the power-consuming components corresponding to the transmission wiring; determining the arrangement range of AC coupling capacitors on the printed circuit board according to the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signals on the printed circuit board; and generating a target wiring strategy for the transmission wiring using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the arrangement range, and grounding component design rules, wherein the grounding component design rules are used to determine the size and distribution rules of multiple grounding components on the printed circuit board.

[0008] Optionally, determining the first width threshold of the transmission wiring based on the impedance standard value and length threshold corresponding to the transmission wiring of the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board includes: obtaining a preset impedance standard value and length threshold, wherein the impedance standard value is used to limit the value of the wiring impedance of the transmission wiring, and the length threshold is used to limit the value of the wiring length of the transmission wiring; performing a stack-up structure simulation analysis on multiple wiring layers of the printed circuit board to obtain the analysis results; and determining the first width threshold of the transmission wiring in multiple wiring layers based on the impedance standard value, length threshold and analysis results.

[0009] Optionally, the connector and the codec chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal are configured in the top wiring layer of multiple wiring layers, and the distance between the connector and the codec chip is set as a first distance threshold.

[0010] Optionally, the power-consuming components include a vehicle camera and external sensors; determining the second width threshold of the transmission cable based on the power demand data of the power-consuming components corresponding to the transmission cable includes: acquiring the first power demand data of the vehicle camera and the second power demand data of the external sensors; and determining the second width threshold based on the first power demand data and the second power demand data.

[0011] Optionally, determining the arrangement range of the AC coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board based on the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board includes: determining the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip on the top wiring layer; and determining the arrangement range based on the arrangement position and capacitor arrangement rules, wherein the capacitor arrangement rules are used to determine that the distance between the AC coupling capacitor and the encoder / decoder chip is less than or equal to a second distance threshold.

[0012] Optionally, generating a target cabling strategy for transmission cabling using a first width threshold, a second width threshold, a layout range, and grounding component design rules includes: determining a standard width value for transmission cabling based on the first width threshold, the second width threshold, and preset width setting rules; and generating a target cabling strategy using the standard width value, the layout range, and grounding component design rules.

[0013] Optionally, multiple grounding components include grounding vias and grounding conductive components; generating a target cabling strategy using width standard values, layout range, and grounding component design rules includes: determining the inner diameter threshold of grounding vias, determining the gap standard value between any two adjacent grounding vias, and determining the third distance threshold between the grounding conductive component and the transmission cabling according to the grounding component design rules; generating a target cabling strategy based on the width standard value, layout range, inner diameter threshold, gap standard value, and third distance threshold.

[0014] Optionally, the wiring method based on vehicle communication signals further includes: performing transmission simulation tests on the vehicle communication signals to obtain test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize whether the transmission loss of the vehicle communication signals meets the preset signal quality standards; in response to the transmission loss not meeting the signal quality standards, performing threshold iterative adjustments on the target wiring strategy based on the test results until the transmission loss meets the signal quality standards.

[0015] Optionally, the transmission simulation test of the vehicle communication signal is performed, and the test results include: performing the transmission simulation test of the vehicle communication signal and recording the transmission loss; determining the transmission integrity index based on the signal quality standard; and generating the test results based on the transmission loss and the transmission integrity index.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, a wiring device based on vehicle communication signals is also provided, comprising: a first determining module configured to determine a first width threshold of the transmission wiring based on the impedance standard value and length threshold corresponding to the transmission wiring of the vehicle communication signal on a printed circuit board; a second determining module configured to determine a second width threshold of the transmission wiring based on the power demand data of the power-consuming components corresponding to the transmission wiring; a third determining module configured to determine the arrangement range of AC coupling capacitors on the printed circuit board according to the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; and a generating module configured to generate a target wiring strategy for the transmission wiring using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the arrangement range, and grounding component design rules, wherein the grounding component design rules are used to determine the size and distribution rules of multiple grounding components on the printed circuit board.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a storage medium is also provided, the storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is running, the device where the storage medium is located controls the execution of any of the above-described wiring methods based on vehicle communication signals.

[0018] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the wiring method based on vehicle communication signals described above.

[0019] In this embodiment of the invention, a first width threshold for the transmission wiring is determined based on the impedance standard value and length threshold corresponding to the transmission wiring of the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; a second width threshold for the transmission wiring is determined based on the power demand data of the power-consuming components corresponding to the transmission wiring; the arrangement range of the AC coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board is determined according to the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; and a target wiring strategy for the transmission wiring is generated using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the arrangement range, and the grounding component design rules, wherein the grounding component design rules are used to determine the size and distribution rules of multiple grounding components on the printed circuit board. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the goal of generating a target routing strategy for transmission routing that considers various design standard values ​​and design thresholds for vehicle communication signal transmission routing on the transport circuit board. Based on a more standardized and accurate target routing strategy, the design and board-making difficulty of the printed circuit board is reduced, ensuring the accuracy and stability of vehicle communication signal transmission involved in the autonomous driving function. Thus, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the technical effects of improving the standardization of vehicle communication signal transmission routing strategy on the printed circuit board, improving the success rate of printed circuit board design and board-making, and enhancing the stability and reliability of autonomous driving function. This solves the technical problems in related technologies where the lack of a printed circuit board transmission routing design scheme based on communication signals leads to poor routing strategy standardization, low success rate of printed circuit board design and board-making, and poor stability and reliability of autonomous driving function. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this invention, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and are used to explain the invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a vehicle terminal for a wiring method based on vehicle communication signals according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a wiring method based on vehicle communication signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an optional wiring process based on vehicle communication signals according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a wiring device based on vehicle communication signals according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a wiring method based on vehicle communication signals is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0028] Figure 1 is a hardware structure block diagram of a vehicle terminal for a wiring method based on vehicle communication signals according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the vehicle terminal 10 (or a mobile device 10 that communicates with a vehicle) may include one or more processors 102 (processors 102 may include, but are not limited to, processing devices such as microprocessors (MCUs) or field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), a memory 104 configured to store data, and a transmission device 106 for communication functions. In addition, it may also include: a display device 110, an input / output device 108 (i.e., I / O devices), a Universal Serial Bus (USB) port (which may be included as one of the ports of a computer bus, not shown in the figure), a network interface (not shown in the figure), a power supply (not shown in the figure), and / or a camera (not shown in the figure). Those skilled in the art will understand that the structure shown in Figure 1 is merely illustrative and does not limit the structure of the vehicle terminal 10 described above. For example, the vehicle terminal 10 may also include more or fewer components than shown in Figure 1, or have a different configuration than shown in Figure 1.

[0029] It should be noted that the aforementioned one or more processors 102 and / or other data processing circuits may be embodied, in whole or in part, as software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. Furthermore, the data processing circuitry may be a single, independent processing module, or may be integrated, in whole or in part, into any other element within the vehicle terminal 10 (or mobile device).

[0030] The memory 104 may be configured to store software programs and modules for application software, such as the program instructions / data storage device corresponding to the wiring method based on vehicle communication signals in this embodiment of the invention. The processor 102 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 104, thereby realizing the aforementioned wiring method based on vehicle communication signals. The memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory. In some instances, the memory 104 may further include memory remotely located relative to the processor 102, and these remote memories can be connected to the vehicle terminal 10 via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0031] The transmission device 106 is configured to receive or send data via a network. Specific examples of the network described above may include a wireless network provided by the communication provider of the vehicle terminal 10. In one example, the transmission device 106 includes a Network Interface Controller (NIC), which can connect to other network devices via a base station to communicate with the Internet. In another example, the transmission device 106 may be a Radio Frequency (RF) module, configured to communicate with the Internet wirelessly.

[0032] Under the above operating environment, this embodiment of the invention provides a wiring method based on vehicle communication signals, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 is a flowchart of a wiring method based on vehicle communication signals according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 2, the method includes the following implementation steps:

[0033] Step S201: Determine the first width threshold of the transmission wiring based on the impedance standard value and length threshold corresponding to the transmission wiring of the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board.

[0034] Step S202: Determine the second width threshold of the transmission cabling based on the power demand data of the power-consuming components corresponding to the transmission cabling.

[0035] Step S203: Determine the arrangement range of the AC coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board based on the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board.

[0036] Step S204: Using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the layout range, and the grounding component design rules, a target routing strategy for transmission routing is generated, wherein the grounding component design rules are used to determine the size and distribution rules of multiple grounding components on the printed circuit board.

[0037] The aforementioned vehicle communication signal can be a GMSL2 signal. Based on the above implementation steps, a target routing strategy is generated using the width threshold of the GMSL2 signal transmission routing on the PCB, the placement range of the encoding / decoding chips, and the grounding component design rules. This avoids the problem of incomplete GMSL2 signal transmission caused by non-standard PCB transmission routing design in related technologies, reducing the risk of PCB design failures and data loss from vehicle cameras.

[0038] In this embodiment of the invention, a first width threshold for the transmission wiring is determined based on the impedance standard value and length threshold corresponding to the transmission wiring of the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; a second width threshold for the transmission wiring is determined based on the power demand data of the power-consuming components corresponding to the transmission wiring; the arrangement range of the AC coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board is determined according to the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; and a target wiring strategy for the transmission wiring is generated using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the arrangement range, and the grounding component design rules, wherein the grounding component design rules are used to determine the size and distribution rules of multiple grounding components on the printed circuit board. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the goal of generating a target routing strategy for transmission routing that considers various design standard values ​​and design thresholds for vehicle communication signal transmission routing on the transport circuit board. Based on a more standardized and accurate target routing strategy, the design and board-making difficulty of the printed circuit board is reduced, ensuring the accuracy and stability of vehicle communication signal transmission involved in the autonomous driving function. Thus, the embodiments of the present invention achieve the technical effects of improving the standardization of vehicle communication signal transmission routing strategy on the printed circuit board, improving the success rate of printed circuit board design and board-making, and enhancing the stability and reliability of autonomous driving function. This solves the technical problems in related technologies where the lack of a printed circuit board transmission routing design scheme based on communication signals leads to poor routing strategy standardization, low success rate of printed circuit board design and board-making, and poor stability and reliability of autonomous driving function.

[0039] In one application scenario, according to the above-described implementation steps of the present invention, a process for designing transmission routing on a PCB based on GMSL2 signals is provided, as shown in Figure 3. As shown in Figure 3, the transmission routing design process includes: defining the routing impedance requirements, which are strongly correlated with the routing width; defining the power requirements of the external sensors corresponding to the transmission routing, which are also strongly correlated with the routing width; defining the placement of the alternating current (AC) coupling capacitors on the PCB; defining the size and spacing of the shielding vias; defining the spacing between the grounding copper traces on both sides of the GMSL2 transmission routing and the transmission routing itself; and generating the target routing strategy corresponding to the GMSL2 signal.

[0040] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 3, after generating the target routing strategy, an integrity simulation test of the GMSL2 signal is performed to obtain the simulation results. These simulation results are used to characterize whether the signal transmission performance corresponding to the GMSL2 transmission routing meets the preset design standard. If the design standard is not met, the target routing strategy corresponding to the GMSL2 signal on the PCB is adjusted.

[0041] The methods described in the embodiments of the present invention will be further introduced below in conjunction with the above application scenarios.

[0042] Optionally, in step S201 above, determining the first width threshold of the transmission wiring based on the impedance standard value and length threshold corresponding to the transmission wiring of the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board may further include the following execution steps:

[0043] Step S211: Obtain a preset impedance standard value and length threshold, wherein the impedance standard value is used to limit the value of the wiring impedance of the transmission wiring, and the length threshold is used to limit the value of the wiring length of the transmission wiring.

[0044] Step S212: Perform a stack-up structure simulation analysis on multiple wiring layers of the printed circuit board to obtain the analysis results;

[0045] Step S213: Based on the impedance standard value, length threshold and analysis results, determine the first width threshold of the transmission cabling in multiple cabling layers.

[0046] The aforementioned preset impedance standard value can be a standard value for the wiring impedance design of GMSL2 signal transmission routing on the PCB. For example, the impedance standard value can be 50 ohms. The aforementioned length threshold can be a threshold for the wiring length design of GMSL2 signal transmission routing on the PCB. For example, the length threshold can be 1000 mil (1 mil equals 0.001 inches), and correspondingly, the wiring length of the transmission routing should be controlled within the range of less than 1000 mil.

[0047] According to the execution steps provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in order to accurately calculate the width of the transmission traces when the impedance requirement of 50 ohms is met on multiple wiring layers of the PCB, a preset simulation tool can be used to analyze the specific stack-up structure of the PCB in the actual application case and obtain the analysis results. Further, based on the above-mentioned impedance standard value, length threshold, and analysis results, a first width threshold corresponding to the transmission traces in each wiring layer is determined. In this example, the transmission traces in each wiring layer can be designed to be 15.1 mil.

[0048] Therefore, in designing the routing strategy corresponding to the GMSL2 signal on the PCB in this embodiment of the invention, the impedance requirements, length requirements and width requirements of the transmission routing are taken into account, thereby enhancing the standardization of the routing strategy.

[0049] Optionally, in the above wiring method based on vehicle communication signals, the connector and the codec chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal are configured in the top wiring layer of multiple wiring layers, and the distance between the connector and the codec chip is set as a first distance threshold.

[0050] In the above application scenario, the PCB connector is configured on the top layer of multiple routing layers on the PCB (i.e., the top routing layer), and the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the GMSL2 signal is also configured on the top routing layer, thereby optimizing the transmission path and minimizing the transmission delay of the GMSL2 signal. To further ensure the signal quality of GMSL2, it is further specified that the encoder / decoder chip is placed close to the connector, that is, the distance between the connector and the encoder / decoder chip is set to 500 mil (i.e., the first distance threshold).

[0051] Furthermore, in the actual routing strategy for GMSL2 signals, routing operations are performed on the top routing layer. Specifically, the first width threshold for the routing width, determined after calculation and optimization, is set at 15.1 mil. To provide a stable reference plane for the PCB and reduce signal interference, a reference plane design strategy can be proposed as follows: a large-area ground plane (GND) is set on the fourth layer of multiple routing layers as the primary reference plane, and the GND conductive areas (e.g., copper areas) are hollowed out on the second and third layers of multiple routing layers. This allows the PCB to adapt to the impedance requirements of the GMSL2 signal transmission routing on the top routing layer, thereby effectively increasing the routing width of the GMSL2 signal transmission routing on the top routing layer and ensuring the effective current carrying capacity of the GMSL2 signal.

[0052] Optionally, the power-consuming components include vehicle cameras and external sensors; in step S202 above, determining the second width threshold of the transmission cable based on the power demand data of the power-consuming components corresponding to the transmission cable may further include the following execution steps:

[0053] Step S221: Obtain the first power demand data of the vehicle camera and the second power demand data of the external sensor;

[0054] Step S222: Determine the second width threshold based on the first power demand data and the second power demand data.

[0055] In the aforementioned application scenario, the GMSL2 signal transmission wiring on the PCB not only powers the camera and provides data transmission, but also powers external sensors on the PCB. The physical connection between the connector and the camera is as follows: for example, the camera's rated operating current is 300mA (i.e., the first power demand data), and the external sensor's rated operating current is 500mA (i.e., the second power demand data). To ensure stable and reliable operation of the camera and external sensor under various conditions, a second width threshold for the transmission wiring is determined based on the first and second power demand data. In this example, the second width threshold is set to 0.3mm, and the wiring width is specified to be greater than or equal to 0.3mm (e.g., using a 1mm wiring width to ensure a rated current carrying capacity of 1A) to reduce voltage drop and temperature rise effects caused by current transmission, ensuring sufficient power delivery capacity.

[0056] Optionally, in step S203 above, determining the arrangement range of the AC coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board based on the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board may further include the following execution steps:

[0057] Step S231: Determine the placement of the encoder / decoder chip on the top wiring layer;

[0058] Step S232: Determine the arrangement range according to the arrangement location and capacitor arrangement rules, wherein the capacitor arrangement rules are used to determine that the distance between the AC coupling capacitor and the encoder / decoder chip is less than or equal to a second distance threshold.

[0059] Based on the above execution steps, the transmission routing was optimized for the signal integrity of the GMSL2 signal, and the specific placement of the AC coupling capacitor on the PCB was determined. Specifically, to ensure the transmission quality of the GMSL2 signal to the greatest extent possible and to reduce noise interference to the GMSL2 signal, the AC coupling capacitor was positioned close to the codec chip (e.g., adjacent to the codec chip), and the distance between the AC coupling capacitor and the corresponding pin of the codec chip was specified to be less than or equal to 250 mil (i.e., the second distance threshold).

[0060] Furthermore, to further refine the design rules for the placement of the AC coupling capacitors, the distance between the AC coupling capacitors and the corresponding pins of the encoding / decoding chip is set to 100 mil. Thus, through the above steps, the AC coupling function of the transmission wiring on the PCB can be effectively realized and enhanced, filtering out the DC component in the GMSL2 signal transmission, while reducing mutual interference between various signals on the transmission wiring. This improves the transmission performance and overall stability of camera and other sensor data based on the GMSL2 signal interface in the vehicle's autonomous driving function.

[0061] Optionally, in step S204 above, generating the target cabling strategy for transmission cabling using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the layout range, and the grounding component design rules may further include the following execution steps:

[0062] Step S241: Determine the standard width value of the transmission cabling based on the first width threshold, the second width threshold, and the preset width setting rules;

[0063] Step S242: Generate the target cabling strategy using the standard width value, layout range, and grounding component design rules.

[0064] In the aforementioned application scenarios, to simultaneously meet the impedance requirements of the transmission cabling and the power demands of the electrical components during GMSL2 signal transmission, width setting rules are predefined to consider both the first and second width thresholds concurrently. That is, the standard width value of the transmission cabling is determined based on the first and second width thresholds and the width setting rules. Then, using the standard width value, the layout range, and the grounding component design rules, a target cabling strategy is generated. This further enhances the safety and effectiveness of the vehicle's autonomous driving system.

[0065] Optionally, the multiple grounding components include grounding vias and grounding continuity components; in step S242 above, generating the target wiring strategy using the width standard value, the layout range, and the grounding component design rules may further include the following execution steps:

[0066] Step S2421: According to the grounding component design rules, determine the inner diameter threshold of the grounding via, determine the standard value of the gap between any two adjacent grounding vias, and determine the third distance threshold between the grounding conductive component and the transmission cabling.

[0067] Step S2422: Generate the target cabling strategy based on the width standard value, layout range, inner diameter threshold, gap standard value and third distance threshold.

[0068] The aforementioned grounding vias can be GND vias distributed on both sides of the GMSL2 signal transmission cabling, and the aforementioned grounding conductive components can be GND copper foil components distributed on both sides of the GMSL2 signal transmission cabling. Grounding component design rules can be predefined according to application scenario requirements.

[0069] Specifically, to ensure the integrity of GMSL2 signal transmission, key dimensional parameters of the GND vias are set based on historical PCB design data or design specifications. For example, to effectively suppress noise and improve GMSL2 signal quality, the inner diameter of the GND vias is specified to be less than 12 mil (i.e., the inner diameter threshold). In this example, to further clarify the design details of the GND vias, the inner diameter is determined to be 8 mil, and the gap between two adjacent GND vias is set to 16 mil. This ensures that the GND vias in the PCB provide sufficient shielding, reducing the impact of interference on the GMSL2 signal, while ensuring impedance continuity during GMSL2 signal transmission, thereby improving the stability and reliability of data transmission based on the GMSL2 signal interface in the vehicle's autonomous driving system.

[0070] Furthermore, based on the above execution steps, the distance requirements between the GND copper foil assembly and the transmission wiring are specified during the PCB routing strategy design. To ensure GMSL2 signal quality and reduce serial link interference, the distance between the single-sided GND copper foil assembly and the GMSL2 signal transmission wiring is greater than the wiring width of the transmission wiring (i.e., the standard width value determined in the aforementioned steps). In this example, the single-sided distance between the GMSL2 signal transmission wiring and the GND copper foil assemblies on both sides of the transmission wiring is set to 15 mil. Therefore, this invention can effectively improve the anti-interference capability and signal transmission quality of the transmission wiring by increasing the isolation distance between the GND plane and the transmission wiring, thereby enhancing the data transmission performance and stability of the GMSL2 signal interface-based autonomous driving system in the vehicle.

[0071] Optionally, the above wiring method based on vehicle communication signals may further include the following steps:

[0072] Step S251: Perform a transmission simulation test on the vehicle communication signal and obtain the test results. The test results are used to characterize whether the transmission loss of the vehicle communication signal meets the preset signal quality standard.

[0073] Step S252: In response to the transmission loss not meeting the signal quality standard, the target cabling strategy is iteratively adjusted based on the test results until the transmission loss meets the signal quality standard.

[0074] Based on the above method steps, embodiments of the present invention can also perform simulation analysis on the integrity of the GMSL2 signal. The simulation analysis process can comprehensively evaluate the signal quality performance of the GMSL2 signal throughout the entire transmission path.

[0075] In the aforementioned application scenarios, detailed analysis of simulation results allows for accurate evaluation of whether the current routing strategy (i.e., the target routing strategy) determined for GMSL2 signal transmission on the PCB meets the preset signal quality standards. If the simulation results show that the signal integrity does not meet the expected integrity index corresponding to the signal quality standard, the target routing strategy is optimized and adjusted in a targeted manner based on the test results until the simulation results show that the signal integrity meets the expected integrity index. Therefore, the simulation-driven iterative optimization scheme for the target routing strategy adopted in this embodiment of the invention not only ensures the consistency and reliability of GMSL2 signal transmission performance but also provides an efficient and feasible optimization method for GMSL2 signal transmission routing design schemes on PCBs.

[0076] Optionally, step S251 above, which involves performing a transmission simulation test on the vehicle communication signal to obtain the test results, may further include the following execution steps:

[0077] Step S2511: Perform a transmission simulation test on the vehicle communication signal and record the transmission loss;

[0078] Step S2512: Determine the transmission integrity index based on the signal quality standard;

[0079] Step S2513: Generate test results based on transmission loss and transmission integrity metrics.

[0080] In the process of simulating and testing the transmission of vehicle communication signals, the analysis objects (i.e., transmission loss) for GMLS2 signals include, but are not limited to, insertion loss and return loss. Based on the above execution steps, this embodiment of the invention considers the transmission loss of GMLS2 signals during transmission cabling and adopts a simulation-driven iterative optimization scheme for the target cabling strategy. This scheme continuously adjusts the target cabling strategy to minimize transmission loss as much as possible.

[0081] By standardizing and refining the PCB routing scheme based on GMSL2 signals, precise electrical parameter settings, signal integrity simulation technology, and overall electromagnetic compatibility performance optimization are deeply integrated. This ensures the standardization of routing strategies, improves the success rate of PCB design and board production, and enhances the stability and reliability of vehicle autonomous driving functions.

[0082] In summary, the above-described solutions of the present invention provide a routing strategy for the transmission link of GMSL2 signals on a PCB, ensuring that vehicles can effectively transmit and process GMSL2 signals even in complex environments, improving the success rate of PCB design and board production, and enhancing the stability and reliability of vehicle autonomous driving functions.

[0083] In this embodiment, a wiring device based on vehicle communication signals is also provided. This device is configured to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and details already described will not be repeated. As used below, a "module" is a combination of software and / or hardware that can perform a predetermined function. Although the device described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware implementation, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.

[0084] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a wiring device based on vehicle communication signals according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, the device includes:

[0085] The first determining module 401 is configured to determine the first width threshold of the transmission wiring based on the impedance standard value and length threshold corresponding to the transmission wiring of the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board.

[0086] The second determining module 402 is configured to determine the second width threshold of the transmission cabling based on the power demand data of the power-consuming components corresponding to the transmission cabling.

[0087] The third determining module 403 is configured to determine the arrangement range of the AC coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board based on the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board.

[0088] The generation module 404 is configured to generate a target routing strategy for transmission wiring using a first width threshold, a second width threshold, a layout range, and grounding component design rules, wherein the grounding component design rules are used to determine the size and distribution rules of multiple grounding components on the printed circuit board.

[0089] Optionally, the first determining module 401 is further configured to: obtain a preset impedance standard value and a length threshold, wherein the impedance standard value is used to limit the value of the wiring impedance of the transmission wiring, and the length threshold is used to limit the value of the wiring length of the transmission wiring; perform a stack-up structure simulation analysis on multiple wiring layers of the printed circuit board to obtain the analysis results; and determine a first width threshold for the transmission wiring in the multiple wiring layers based on the impedance standard value, the length threshold and the analysis results.

[0090] Optionally, in the above-mentioned wiring device based on vehicle communication signals, the connector and the codec chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal are configured in the top wiring layer of multiple wiring layers, and the distance between the connector and the codec chip is set as a first distance threshold.

[0091] Optionally, the second determining module 402 is further configured to: acquire first power demand data of the vehicle camera and second power demand data of the external sensor; and determine a second width threshold based on the first power demand data and the second power demand data.

[0092] Optionally, the third determining module 403 is further configured to: determine the arrangement position of the codec chip on the top wiring layer; and determine the arrangement range according to the arrangement position and capacitor arrangement rules, wherein the capacitor arrangement rules are used to determine that the distance between the AC coupling capacitor and the codec chip is less than or equal to a second distance threshold.

[0093] Optionally, the generation module 404 is further configured to: determine the standard width value of the transmission cabling based on the first width threshold, the second width threshold, and the preset width setting rules; and generate the target cabling strategy using the standard width value, the layout range, and the grounding component design rules.

[0094] Optionally, the multiple grounding components include grounding vias and grounding conduction components; the aforementioned generation module 404 is further configured to: determine the inner diameter threshold of the grounding vias according to the grounding component design rules, determine the standard value of the gap between any two adjacent grounding vias, and determine the third distance threshold between the grounding conduction component and the transmission cabling; and generate a target cabling strategy based on the width standard value, the layout range, the inner diameter threshold, the gap standard value, and the third distance threshold.

[0095] Optionally, the above-mentioned wiring device based on vehicle communication signals includes, in addition to all the above modules, an adjustment module 405 (not shown in the figure), which is configured to: perform transmission simulation test on the vehicle communication signal and obtain test results, wherein the test results are used to characterize whether the transmission loss of the vehicle communication signal meets the preset signal quality standard; in response to the transmission loss not meeting the signal quality standard, perform threshold iterative adjustment on the target wiring strategy according to the test results until the transmission loss meets the signal quality standard.

[0096] Optionally, the adjustment module 405 is further configured to: perform transmission simulation tests on vehicle communication signals and record transmission loss; determine transmission integrity indicators based on signal quality standards; and generate test results based on transmission loss and transmission integrity indicators.

[0097] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, they can be implemented in the following ways, but are not limited to: all the above modules are located in the same processor; or, the above modules are located in different processors in any combination.

[0098] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, the storage medium including a stored program, wherein, when the program is executed, the device where the storage medium is located executes any of the aforementioned wiring methods based on vehicle communication signals.

[0099] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may be configured to store a computer program for performing the following steps: determining a first width threshold for the transmission wiring based on the impedance standard value and length threshold corresponding to the transmission wiring of the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; determining a second width threshold for the transmission wiring based on the power demand data of the power-consuming components corresponding to the transmission wiring; determining the arrangement range of the AC coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board according to the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; and generating a target wiring strategy for the transmission wiring using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the arrangement range, and the grounding component design rules, wherein the grounding component design rules are used to determine the size and distribution rules of multiple grounding components on the printed circuit board.

[0100] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as USB flash drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0101] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is also provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the wiring method based on vehicle communication signals as described above.

[0102] Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor can be configured to perform the following steps via a computer program: determining a first width threshold for the transmission wiring based on the impedance standard value and length threshold corresponding to the transmission wiring of the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; determining a second width threshold for the transmission wiring based on the power demand data of the power-consuming components corresponding to the transmission wiring; determining the arrangement range of the AC coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board according to the arrangement position of the encoder / decoder chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; and generating a target wiring strategy for the transmission wiring using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the arrangement range, and the grounding component design rules, wherein the grounding component design rules are used to determine the size and distribution rules of multiple grounding components on the printed circuit board.

[0103] Optionally, specific examples in this embodiment can refer to the examples described in the above embodiments and their optional implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0104] The sequence numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0105] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0106] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units can be a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the displayed or discussed mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection can be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules can be electrical or other forms.

[0107] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0108] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0109] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, ROM, RAM, portable hard drives, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0110] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wiring method based on a vehicle communication signal, comprising: determining a first width threshold of a transmission wiring based on impedance standard value and length threshold of the transmission wiring corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on a printed circuit board; determining a second width threshold of the transmission wiring based on power consumption requirement data of a power consumption component corresponding to the transmission wiring; determining a placement range of an AC coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board according to a placement position of a codec chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; generating a target wiring strategy of the transmission wiring by using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the placement range and ground component design rules, wherein the ground component design rules are used to determine size and distribution rules of a plurality of ground components on the printed circuit board.

2. The wiring method based on vehicle communication signal according to claim 1, wherein, determining the first width threshold of the transmission wiring based on the impedance standard value and the length threshold of the transmission wiring corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board comprises: obtaining the impedance standard value and the length threshold preset, wherein the impedance standard value is used to limit the value of the wiring impedance of the transmission wiring, and the length threshold is used to limit the value of the wiring length of the transmission wiring; performing layer stack structure simulation analysis on a plurality of wiring layers of the printed circuit board to obtain an analysis result; determining the first width threshold of the transmission wiring in the plurality of wiring layers based on the impedance standard value, the length threshold and the analysis result.

3. The wiring method based on vehicle communication signals according to claim 2, wherein, The connector and the codec chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal are configured in a top wiring layer in the plurality of wiring layers, and a distance between the connector and the codec chip is set as a first distance threshold.

4. The vehicle communication signal-based wiring method according to claim 1, wherein The power consumption component includes a vehicle camera and an external sensor; determining the second width threshold of the transmission wiring based on the power consumption requirement data of the power consumption component corresponding to the transmission wiring comprises: obtaining first power consumption requirement data of the vehicle camera and second power consumption requirement data of the external sensor; determining the second width threshold according to the first power consumption requirement data and the second power consumption requirement data.

5. The vehicle communication signal-based wiring method according to claim 3, wherein determining the placement range of the AC coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board according to the placement position of the codec chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board comprises: determining the placement position of the codec chip on the top wiring layer; determining the placement range according to the placement position and a capacitor placement rule, wherein the distance between the AC coupling capacitor and the codec chip is less than or equal to a second distance threshold according to the capacitor placement rule.

6. The vehicle communication signal-based wiring method according to claim 1, wherein generating the target wiring strategy of the transmission wiring by using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the placement range and the ground component design rules comprises: determining a width standard value of the transmission wiring according to the first width threshold, the second width threshold and a preset width setting rule; generating the target wiring strategy by using the width standard value, the placement range and the ground component design rules.

7. The wiring method based on vehicle communication signals according to claim 6, wherein, The plurality of grounding components includes a grounding via and a grounding via-hole component; Generating the target routing strategy includes: According to the grounding component design rule, determining an inner diameter threshold of the grounding via, determining a gap standard value between any two adjacent grounding vias, and determining a third distance threshold between the grounding via-hole component and the transmission routing; Generating the target routing strategy based on the width standard value, the arrangement range, the inner diameter threshold, the gap standard value, and the third distance threshold.

8. The wiring method based on a vehicle communication signal according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein The vehicle communication signal-based routing method further includes: Performing transmission simulation testing on the vehicle communication signal to obtain a test result, wherein the test result is used to represent whether transmission loss of the vehicle communication signal meets a preset signal quality standard; In response to the transmission loss not meeting the signal quality standard, performing threshold iterative adjustment on the target routing strategy according to the test result until the transmission loss meets the signal quality standard.

9. The wiring method based on vehicle communication signals according to claim 8, wherein, Performing transmission simulation testing on the vehicle communication signal to obtain a test result includes: Performing transmission simulation testing on the vehicle communication signal to record the transmission loss; Determining a transmission integrity index based on the signal quality standard; Generating the test result according to the transmission loss and the transmission integrity index.

10. A vehicle communication signal-based routing device, comprising: A first determination module configured to determine a first width threshold of a transmission routing of a vehicle communication signal on a printed circuit board based on an impedance standard value and a length threshold corresponding to the transmission routing; A second determination module configured to determine a second width threshold of the transmission routing based on power consumption demand data of a power consumption component corresponding to the transmission routing; A third determination module configured to determine an arrangement range of an alternating current coupling capacitor on the printed circuit board according to an arrangement position of a coding and decoding chip corresponding to the vehicle communication signal on the printed circuit board; A generation module configured to generate a target routing strategy of the transmission routing by using the first width threshold, the second width threshold, the arrangement range, and a grounding component design rule, wherein the grounding component design rule is used to determine size and distribution rules of a plurality of grounding components on the printed circuit board.

11. A storage medium, the storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein, The program controls a device where the storage medium is located to perform the vehicle communication signal-based routing method in any one of claims 1 to 9 when the program is running.

12. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the vehicle communication signal-based routing method in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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