Thermal battery

Abstract

The present invention relates to a thermal battery and, more specifically, to a thermal battery which isolates heat, which is applied to a thermoelectric device generating power by using an electrical potential difference caused by a temperature difference, to prevent mutual heat transfer and thus can prevent efficiency degradation due to an insufficient heat difference and improve durability against heat.

Description

thermocouple

[0001] The present invention relates to a thermoelectric cell, and more particularly, to a thermoelectric cell that separates heat applied to a thermoelectric element that generates electricity by utilizing an electric potential difference generated by a temperature difference, thereby preventing heat transfer between the elements, thereby preventing a decrease in efficiency due to insufficient heat transfer, and improving durability against heat.

[0002] In general, a thermoelectric device is a device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy or electrical energy into heat by utilizing the principle of mutual change between heat and electricity. It mainly operates by utilizing the Seebeck effect, which utilizes the phenomenon in which an electric electromotive force (voltage) is generated when a temperature difference occurs between the junctions of two different metals or semiconductors.

[0003] These thermoelectric elements are made by arranging P-type and N-type semiconductors, and the positive and negative charges generated by the temperature difference generated by transferring heat and cold to both sides generate electricity through an external circuit.

[0004] Therefore, thermoelectric devices can be applied to various applications such as automobiles, industrial processes, power generation devices, self-sufficient systems, and electronic devices by generating energy through electricity and heat.

[0005] With this prior art, a "thermoelectric element" has been proposed.

[0006] The prior art includes a lower substrate, a first electrode stacked on the lower substrate, a P type cell stacked on the first electrode, an N type cell stacked on the first electrode, a second electrode stacked on the P type cell and the N type cell, and an upper substrate stacked on the second electrode, wherein a cross-sectional area of ​​the N type cell is set to be larger than a cross-sectional area of ​​the P type cell.

[0007] This reduces the current difference caused by the difference in characteristics between N-type and P-type cells, thereby improving the delta Tmax between the upper and lower substrates. Consequently, the heat absorption and heat generation effects of the thermoelectric element can be enhanced, enhancing the cooling performance of home appliances, electronic components, and communication components.

[0008] However, thermoelectric elements and conventional technologies having a general structure generate power by the temperature difference between heat and cold applied to the upper and lower substrates, respectively, but there is a problem in that efficiency is reduced because the applied heat is not transferred and a large temperature difference does not occur.

[0009] In addition, a cooler is installed to suppress the rise due to heat transfer by always cooling one side to create a temperature difference, which causes a problem in that power is consumed for the cooler's operation, resulting in a decrease in efficiency.

[0010] That is, thermoelectric elements generate electricity through the phenomenon of electromotive force by generating a temperature difference, but there is a problem in that the production amount drops sharply as the heat applied to the bottom is transferred to the top.

[0011] In addition, the upper part of the thermoelectric element necessarily requires a structure such as a cold device to cool the transferred heat, which limits the use of the thermoelectric element alone, and separate power consumption is generated to operate the cold device, which lowers the production efficiency of the thermoelectric element.

[0012] And, due to the general characteristics of thermoelectric materials, if the electrical conductivity is high, the thermal conductivity is also high, so heat conduction is always occurring, and there is a problem of the material being damaged in a high-temperature environment.

[0013] In addition, the materials of thermoelectric elements mainly use rare earth thermoelectric materials or thermoelectric compounds. However, rare earth thermoelectric materials with high thermoelectric performance have a problem in that they are rare due to limited reserves and are expensive, which reduces economic feasibility. On the other hand, thermoelectric compounds have low cost and various applications, but they have limitations in that they have low thermoelectric efficiency and weak durability.

[0014] And, the shorter the distance between the electrodes, the more advantageous it is for the thermoelectric element, but as it becomes shorter, the thermal spectrum cannot be decomposed and buffered, which causes limitations in productivity and durability.

[0015] In addition, it has a structural problem in that heat is separated while heat is not transferred and cannot be released well because thermal equilibrium is not achieved, and practical application is limited due to various problems such as durability damage such as bending and deformation occurring due to the characteristics of the material.

[0016] The present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a thermal battery that produces electrical energy from the heat energy transferred through heat exchange and heat separation of upper and lower plates specifically designed with a thermally conductive material, and efficiently discharges waste heat generated internally through a convection phenomenon to prevent damage caused by heat and improve durability.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermoelectric cell that can easily generate power by disposing the thermal conductivity of materials in a grid pattern to secure synergy of the thermoelectric effect in the horizontal, vertical and diagonal directions, and by disposing them as closely as possible to prevent the occurrence of a thermal spectrum and buffer effect, thereby minimizing heat loss.

[0018] Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermoelectric cell having a high-efficiency thermoelectric effect by forming a peak gate through a contrasting environment of heat and cold.

[0019] Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermoelectric device having excellent production and processability so that mass production is possible in various ways through materials and structures, thereby securing improved productivity and economic feasibility compared to the N / P type thermoelectric element.

[0020] Another object of the present invention is to expect improved efficiency by applying it when developing a new material with improved thermal conductivity and thermoelectric effect.

[0021] In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention relates to a thermoelectric cell capable of generating electricity by utilizing a temperature difference generated through thermal separation, comprising: a heat module formed with heat fins having an alternating pattern of ends protruding from the upper portion of a plate-shaped heat plate; a cold module formed with cold fins having an alternating pattern of ends protruding from the lower portion of a plate-shaped cold plate; a heat electrode panel which is in close contact with the upper surface of the heat fins and has an alternating grid pattern of discharge grooves in contact with the heat fins; a cold electrode panel which is in close contact with the lower surface of the cold fins and has an alternating grid pattern of discharge grooves in contact with the cold fins; and a thermoelectric sheet which is disposed between the heat electrode panel and the cold electrode panel and has open grooves formed that are linked with the discharge grooves so as to alternate in the longitudinal direction.

[0022] It is preferable that the above heat fin and the above cold fin are formed of a protruding portion that protrudes from one surface of the heat plate and the cold plate at a certain interval to form a heat dissipation space, and a contact portion in which the end surfaces protruding from the ends of the protruding portion alternately form a contact surface and an open space according to a certain area.

[0023] The above heat module, the cold module, the heat electrode panel, the cold electrode panel, and the thermoelectric sheet are preferably made of a thermoelectric material such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, a hoist alloy system, a metal alloy including a transition metal, a bismuth (Bi2Te3) system, a thermoelectric compound, and an alloy, and a high-conductivity material.

[0024] The cold module is placed on top of the heat module to generate a convection phenomenon, and it is preferable that the heat and cold transferred to the heat electrode panel, the cold electrode panel, and the thermal sheet are discharged through the discharge groove and the open groove.

[0025] It is preferable that the above heat fins and the heat electrode panel, and the above cold fins and the above cold electrode panel are formed in a zigzag direction in a grid-like pattern and are formed to be misaligned with each other.

[0026] According to the thermoelectric cell according to the present invention, the thermal energy generated through heat exchange and heat separation of plates placed at the top and bottom, each designed with a thermally conductive material, is produced as electrical energy, and waste heat generated internally is efficiently discharged through a convection phenomenon, thereby preventing damage caused by heat and improving durability.

[0027] According to the present invention, the thermal conduction of the thermal battery unit is arranged in a staggered manner through a grid pattern to secure a synergy of the thermoelectric effect in the horizontal, vertical and diagonal directions, and the thermal spectrum and buffer effect are prevented from occurring by arranging them as closely as possible, thereby minimizing heat loss and enabling easy power generation.

[0028] According to the present invention, there is an advantage of having a high-efficiency thermoelectric effect by forming a peak gate through a contrasting environment of heat and cold.

[0029] According to the present invention, the production and processability are excellent so that mass production is possible in various ways through materials and structures, and thus, there is an effect of securing improved productivity and economic feasibility compared to the N / P type thermoelectric element type.

[0030] According to the present invention, there is an advantage in that improved efficiency can be expected by applying it when developing a new material with improved thermal conductivity and thermoelectric effect.

[0031] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a thermoelectric cell according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the arrangement state in a unit area according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the exploded state according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the pattern state of the heat pin and cold pin according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the patterns of a heat electrode panel, a cold electrode panel, and a thermal sheet according to the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a heat flux distribution diagram and an internal energy distribution diagram according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a charge density distribution according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 is a conceptual diagram showing the numerical values ​​of a heat fin, a cold fin, an electrode panel, and a thermal sheet according to the present invention.

[0040] Figure 10 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the change in length of the heat pin and cold pin according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 11 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the thickness change of the heat fin and cold fin according to the present invention.

[0042] Figure 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating various forms of heat pins and fold pins according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 13 is a conceptual diagram showing various shapes of open grooves of a thermal sheet according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a peak gate according to the shape of a thermal sheet according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a thermoelectric unit, a TEG thermoelectric element, and a solar cell according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 16 is an image expressing the material of the thermal battery unit according to the present invention.

[0047] Figure 17 is an image illustrating thermoelectric power generation and waste heat discharge according to heat exchange and heat separation of a thermoelectric unit according to the present invention.

[0048] Hereinafter, a thermoelectric cell according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

[0049] FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a thermoelectric cell according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state of arrangement in a unit area according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing an exploded state according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a section according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a pattern state of a heat fin and a cold fin according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing a pattern of a heat electrode panel, a cold electrode panel, and a thermoelectric sheet according to the present invention, FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing a heat flux distribution diagram and an internal energy distribution diagram according to the present invention, FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing a charge density distribution according to the present invention, FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram showing numerical values ​​of a heat fin, a cold fin, an electrode panel, and a thermoelectric sheet according to the present invention, FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing a change in the length of a heat fin and a cold fin according to the present invention, and FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a change in the thickness of a heat fin and a cold fin according to the present invention. FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating various shapes of heat fins and fold fins according to the present invention, FIG. 13 is a conceptual diagram illustrating various shapes of open grooves of a thermoelectric sheet according to the present invention, FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a peak gate according to the shape of a thermoelectric sheet according to the present invention, FIG. 15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a thermoelectric unit, a TEG thermoelectric element, and a solar cell according to the present invention, FIG. 16 is an image expressing a material of a thermoelectric unit according to the present invention, and FIG. 17 is an image illustrating thermoelectric power generation and waste heat discharge according to heat exchange and heat separation of a thermoelectric unit according to the present invention.

[0050] As illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 17, the present invention relates to a thermoelectric cell, and more specifically, to a thermoelectric cell that separates heat applied to a thermoelectric element that generates electricity by utilizing an electric potential difference generated due to a temperature difference, prevents heat transfer between the elements, prevents efficiency reduction due to insufficient heat transfer, and improves durability against heat.

[0051] To this end, the present invention comprises a heat module (10), a cold module (20), a heat electrode panel (30), a cold electrode panel (40), and a thermoelectric sheet (50) so that heat and cold are respectively transmitted and power is generated by utilizing the temperature difference generated through convection and heat separation.

[0052] The above heat module (10) is formed with heat fins (12) having an alternating pattern of ends protruding from the top of a plate-shaped heat plate (11).

[0053] The above cold module (20) is formed with cold fins (22) having an alternating pattern of ends protruding from the bottom of a plate-shaped cold plate (21).

[0054] The above heat electrode panel (30) is in close contact with the upper surface of the heat fin (12), and the discharge grooves (60) are in contact with the heat fin (12) through an alternating grid pattern.

[0055] The above cold electrode panel (40) is in close contact with the lower surface of the cold pin (22), and the discharge grooves (60) are in contact with the cold pin (22) through an alternating grid pattern.

[0056] The above thermal sheet (50) is placed between the heat electrode panel (30) and the cold electrode panel (40), and an open groove (51) is formed that is interlocked with the discharge groove (60) so as to alternate along the horizontal direction.

[0057] In this way, the present invention maintains a thermal separation state of heat and cold transmitted through the heat module (10) and the cold module (20) through the heat electrode panel (30), the cold electrode panel (40) and the thermoelectric sheet (50), and produces current through the thermoelectric effect.

[0058] At this time, the waste heat formed in the discharge groove (60) and the open groove (51) is discharged through the space between the heat fin (12) and the cold fin (22).

[0059]

[0060] If we look at each component in detail, it is as follows.

[0061] First, the heat module (10) has the same structure in which the heat fin (12) is formed at the top of the heat plate (11) and the cold module (20) has the same structure in which the cold fin (22) is formed at the bottom of the cold plate (21).

[0062] Therefore, the above heat module (10) is described as a reference, and the heat plate (11) is formed in the form of a plate having a thickness and an area.

[0063] A plurality of heat fins (12) are formed on the upper surface of the above heat plate (11).

[0064] Here, the above heat fins (12) are formed in a grid pattern spaced at regular intervals.

[0065] At this time, the heat fin (12) and the cold fin (22) are formed by a protruding portion (PP) that protrudes at a certain interval from one surface of the heat plate (11) and the cold plate (21) to form a heat dissipation space (HS), and a contact portion (CP) in which the end surfaces protruding from the ends of the protruding portions (PP) alternately form a contact surface (CS) and an open space (OS) according to a certain area.

[0066] That is, the protruding portion (PP) is spaced apart at regular intervals on all sides along the horizontal and vertical directions to secure the heat dissipation space (HS), and a square cross-section shape protrudes upward.

[0067] And, the contact portion (CP) protruding from the end surface of the protruding portion (PP) is formed, and the contact portion (CP) has a trapezoidal cross-section shape in which both sides become narrower as they go upward.

[0068] At this time, the contact portion (CP) protrudes to the upper end of the protruding portion (PP), and forms an open space (OS) between the contact portions (CP) through a trapezoidal shape.

[0069] Here, the end of the contact portion (CP) has a grid pattern, and is formed so that the upper surface of the contact portion and the open space (OS) intersect on all sides along the horizontal and vertical directions.

[0070] Accordingly, the heat module (10) and the cold module (20) have the same configuration, and the heat module is placed at the bottom so that the heat fin (12) protrudes upward, and the cold module (20) is placed at the top so that the cold fin (22) protrudes downward, and the heat fin (12) and the cold fin (22) are placed so that they face each other.

[0071] And the heat fin (12) and the heat electrode panel (30), and the cold fin (22) and the cold electrode panel (40) are formed in a zigzag direction in a grid-like pattern and are formed to be misaligned with each other.

[0072] That is, the heat pin (12) and the cold pin (22) are formed so that the contact surface (CS) and the open space (OS) alternate with each other through a grid pattern.

[0073] Accordingly, the heat fin (12) has an open space (OS) formed at the top, and the cold fin (22) has an open space (OS) formed at the bottom, so that heat and cold can be easily discharged to induce a convection phenomenon.

[0074]

[0075] Next, the heat electrode panel (30) and the cold electrode panel (40) are in contact with the heat module (10) and the cold module (20), respectively, and have the same configuration.

[0076] The above-mentioned heat electrode panel (30) and the above-mentioned cold electrode panel (40) are formed in the form of a plate having the same area and thin thickness as the above-mentioned heat module (10) and the above-mentioned cold module (20), and the above-mentioned discharge grooves (60) are formed in an alternating pattern.

[0077] At this time, the discharge groove (60) is formed alternately in the horizontal and vertical directions according to the grid pattern, so as to be in close contact with the ends of the contact portions of the heat pin (12) and the cold pin (22).

[0078] Therefore, the cooling exhaust home (60) is configured to be connected to the open space (OS) to discharge heat and cold air.

[0079] And, an edge member (61) protruding in a chamfered shape is formed at the corner of the above discharge groove (60).

[0080] Accordingly, the edge member (61) protrudes into the inside of the open groove (51) while the heat electrode panel (30), the cold electrode panel (40), and the thermal sheet (50) are overlapped, and is charged with + and - charges through thermal separation, thereby accumulating electricity in the form of a charge.

[0081]

[0082] Next, the thermal sheet (50) is placed between the heat electrode panel (30) and the cold electrode panel (40), and heat exchange and heat separation phenomena of heat and cold transferred from the upper and lower parts occur in each part, generating electric energy through heat energy, and discharging the remaining heat through the open groove.

[0083] The above-mentioned thermal sheet (50) has the same area as the above-mentioned heat electrode panel (30) and the above-mentioned cold electrode panel (40) and is made of a thin thickness.

[0084] And the above open grooves (51) are formed in multiple numbers in the thermal sheet and spaced apart in the horizontal and vertical directions so as to discharge heat and cold air.

[0085] At this time, the open groove (51) is spaced apart at a certain interval in the horizontal direction of the heat fin (12) and the pin cold fin (22) having a grid shape and interlocks with the discharge groove (60) to discharge heat and cold air, and intersects along the longitudinal direction.

[0086] Accordingly, the open groove (51) is formed so that the horizontal direction is aligned with the discharge groove (60), and the vertical direction is formed so as to intersect with the horizontal direction of the heat fin (12) and the cold fin (22).

[0087] And the heat module (10), the cold module (20), the heat electrode panel (30), the cold electrode panel (40) and the thermoelectric sheet (50) are made of one or a combination of conductive materials such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, hoist alloy (Fe₂VAl) and bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3).

[0088] That is, it is preferable that the heat module (10), the cold module (20), the heat electrode panel (30), and the cold electrode panel (40) use materials with high heat and electrical conductivity so that they can produce electricity through heat and cold, and it is preferable that the thermoelectric sheet (50) use materials with excellent thermoelectric effect.

[0089] However, materials with excellent conductivity or thermoelectric effect are expensive, which reduces their economic feasibility and practicality, so they can be applied as single materials or in combination according to the thermal conductivity status.

[0090] Accordingly, the heat plate (11) and the cold plate (21) which are large in volume are made of relatively inexpensive and conductive copper, aluminum, and high-conductivity alloy materials, and the heat fin (12), the cold fin (22), the heat electrode panel (30), and the cold electrode panel (40) are made of relatively small in volume and high-conductivity materials such as gold, silver, aluminum, and high-conductivity alloys, and the thermoelectric sheet (50) is made of a material with excellent thermoelectric effect such as a hoist alloy system, a metal alloy including a transition metal, a bismuth (Bi2Te3) system, or other thermoelectric compounds and alloys.

[0091] At this time, the heat applied can be increased according to the melting point of the thermoelectric material such as a hoist alloy system, a metal alloy including a transition metal, a bismuth (Bi2Te3) system, or other thermoelectric compounds and alloys, thereby improving the efficiency of electricity production.

[0092] In addition, the materials of the heat module (10), the cold module (20), the heat electrode panel (30), and the cold electrode panel (40) can be used singly or in combination to improve economic efficiency, and new materials such as superconducting aluminum with excellent heat transfer performance and economic efficiency can be applied.

[0093] In addition, it is preferable that the heat module (10), the cold module (20), the heat electrode panel (30), the cold electrode panel (40), and the thermal sheet (50) form a free space in consideration of expansion due to heat of the material.

[0094]

[0095] And the cold module (20) is placed on top of the heat module (10) to generate a convection phenomenon, and the heat and cold transferred to the heat electrode panel (30), the cold electrode panel (40) and the thermal sheet (50) are discharged through the discharge groove (60) and the open groove (51).

[0096] That is, by placing the cold module (20) on top of the heat module (10), a convection phenomenon occurs in which heat moves upward and cold moves downward.

[0097] Accordingly, the waste heat generated from the heat electrode panel (30), the cold electrode panel (40), and the thermal sheet (50) is released through the discharge groove (60) and the open groove (51), and can be discharged to the outside through the heat discharge space (HS) and the open space (OS).

[0098] At this time, when the waste heat is discharged through the heat discharge space (HS) and the open space (OS), it comes into contact with the heat and cold air through the heat fin (12) and the cold fin (22) to offset a certain portion of the high heat and cold air and is discharged to the outside.

[0099] Through this, the temperature of waste heat generated inside the heat electrode panel (30), the cold electrode panel (40), and the thermal sheet (50) is controlled and smoothly discharged, thereby preventing damage such as bending or deformation of the heat electrode panel (30), the cold electrode panel (40), and the thermal sheet (50) due to waste heat, and allowing external air to flow in to improve durability.

[0100]

[0101] Next, the usage conditions according to the present invention will be described.

[0102] First, as described above, the heat module (10), the heat electrode panel (30), the thermal sheet (50), the cold electrode panel (40), and the cold module (20) are sequentially assembled to form one thermal battery unit (1).

[0103] The above-described thermal battery unit (1) configured in this manner can be arranged continuously on both sides according to the area, and one or more of the above-described thermal battery units (1) can be used.

[0104] In this configured state, the heat module (10) and the cold module (20) transfer heat and cold applied through the heat plate (11) and the cold plate (21) to the heat electrode panel (30) and the cold electrode panel (40) through the heat fin (12) and the cold fin (22).

[0105] And the heat and cold transferred to the above-mentioned heat electrode panel (30) and the above-mentioned cold electrode panel (40) are heat exchanged and separated by the thermal sheet (50), and the accumulated heat energy is used to produce electric energy.

[0106] In addition, waste heat generated during heat exchange and heat separation is released through the open groove (51) and the discharge groove (60), and is discharged to the outside through the open space (OS) and the heat discharge space (HS), thereby facilitating internal heat management.

[0107] In addition, external air can be supplied to the above-mentioned thermal battery unit (1) through various methods and circulated through the heat exhaust space (HS) and the open space (OS), thereby facilitating heat management.

[0108]

[0109] Next, heat exchange, heat separation, and charge density distribution will be described through simulations according to the heat module (10), the cold module (20), the heat electrode panel (30), the cold electrode panel (40), and the thermal sheet (50) according to the present invention.

[0110] First, as shown in Fig. 7, heat exchange and heat separation can be confirmed through graphs and charts derived from heat flux distribution and internal energy distribution.

[0111] By looking at this heat flux distribution, it is possible to determine where heat exchange is taking place, and most of the heat exchange is concentrated at the ends of the heat fins and the cold fins, and it is possible to clearly determine where no heat exchange is taking place, thereby confirming the state of heat exchange and heat separation.

[0112] And, through the internal energy distribution image, the accumulated heat energy and electric energy can be confirmed through heat exchange and heat transfer.

[0113] That is, it can be confirmed that the energy generated through the distribution of internal energy is accumulated in the thermoelectric sheet, and thus it can be determined that the thermal separation is well achieved with most areas where energy accumulation does not occur.

[0114] And as shown in Figure 8, the charge density distribution is an indicator that shows the distribution of charges stored in the thermoelectric sheet through the thermal conductivity through the spatial charge density.

[0115] This charge density distribution shows that electricity is accumulated in the form of a charge by charging the part of the hole edge of the thermal sheet adjacent to the cold electrode panel with a + charge and the part adjacent to the hot electrode panel with a - charge.

[0116] Additionally, it can be confirmed that a constant thermoelectric charge is maintained in conjunction with the circulating current from about 3 seconds to 1 hour.

[0117] This allows the spatial charge density distribution to be confirmed through A and B specified in viewpoints 1 and 2, and the spatial charge density over time can also be confirmed through a graph.

[0118]

[0119] Through this, it is possible to confirm that the temperature difference required for thermoelectricity is formed through heat exchange, heat separation, and charge density, and that the temperature difference is maintained, and it is possible to confirm the phenomenon of heat exchange and heat separation occurring effectively.

[0120]

[0121] Next, the power efficiency according to the shape of the heat fin (12) and the cold fin (22) and the shape of the thermal sheet will be explained through simulation.

[0122] Prior to this, regarding the heat transfer structure according to the shape of the heat fin (12) and the cold fin (22), if the cross-sectional area of ​​A is indicated in the direction of the length L according to the shape shown in (a) of Fig. 9,

[0123] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0124]

[0125] It is expressed as follows.

[0126] Here, k: thermal conductivity, A: conduction cross-sectional area, L: transmission length, : It is made up of the temperature difference between the two ends.

[0127] Based on this [Mathematical Formula 1], the integral according to the progression of the cross-sectional area of ​​A and the perpendicular to the pin shape

[0128] [Equation 2]

[0129]

[0130] The conclusion of is derived.

[0131]

[0132] And according to the form shown in (b) of Fig. 9, the temperature difference between the two ends of the hot fin and the cold fin is expressed as the heat transfer formula through the fin. , It can be defined as follows.

[0133] At this time, the hot and cold parts of the heat pin and cold pin are , It is organized as follows.

[0134] Through this, the condition for heat inflow is , , , According to Is

[0135] [Equation 3]

[0136]

[0137] [Equation 4]

[0138]

[0139] can be defined as

[0140]

[0141] In addition, according to the form shown in (c) of Fig. 9, as a heat transfer formula through the electrode panel, , From, , can be defined as

[0142] At this time, the conduction heat, heat loss, and heat inflow passing through the electrode can be expressed by the coefficients and design variables of the electrode. , , , According to Is

[0143] [Equation 5]

[0144]

[0145] [Equation 6]

[0146]

[0147] can be defined as

[0148]

[0149] And according to the form shown in (d) of Fig. 9, the thermoelectric power formula of the thermoelectric sheet is the power by general thermoelectricity. It is expressed as follows.

[0150] At this time, based on general resistance

[0151] [Equation 7]

[0152]

[0153] Induce thermoelectric power in the thermoelectric plate as follows.

[0154]

[0155] Through this, the thermoelectric efficiency is , Used as thermoelectric power for It can be expressed as a ratio, and based on the above mathematical formula

[0156] [Equation 8]

[0157]

[0158] can be derived.

[0159] In this way, the efficiency of the heat fin, cold fin, and thermal sheet can be confirmed.

[0160]

[0161] Also, Fig. 10 shows the performance according to the height of the heat pin (12) and the cold pin (22). Model A is compared with a height of 4 mm and Model B is compared with a height of 8 mm. In order to confirm the performance based on the mathematical formula, [Mathematical Formula 3], [Mathematical Formula 4] and [Mathematical Formula 8] were defined.

[0162] Therefore, when considering efficiency, L, which corresponds to the length of the plate fin, is located in the numerator of the subtraction term of the efficiency formula and acts as a factor that hinders efficiency, and it can be confirmed that the efficiency decreases as the fin length increases.

[0163] This is because when the length of the heat fin and cold fin becomes longer, the heat cannot be transferred, which causes the temperature difference between the two ends of the fin to become large, resulting in a decrease in efficiency and a decrease in thermoelectric power output.

[0164] Therefore, the heat fin and cold fin can improve output by narrowing the ends so that there is no temperature difference within a range that can prevent deformation due to the characteristics of the material and the heat applied.

[0165] In addition, it is desirable to adjust the height of the heat fins and cold fins by considering the type of material and temperature changes.

[0166] If we measure the power per unit area through simulation,

[0167] [Table 1]

[0168]

[0169] It is made as shown in [Table 1] above.

[0170] Therefore, models A and B can be confirmed as above in terms of voltage, current, power per unit, and power per unit area according to changes in materials, and it can be confirmed that the efficiency decreases as the height increases.

[0171]

[0172] Next, as shown in Fig. 11, the performance according to the thickness change of the cold fin and the heat fin is examined. Model D is compared to Model A with a width of 2.6 mm, Model A with a width of 5.2 mm, and Model E with a width of 10.4 mm. In order to confirm the performance based on the above mathematical formula, [Mathematical Formula 3], [Mathematical Formula 4], and [Mathematical Formula 8] were defined.

[0173] At this time, when heat transfer is simply performed through one fin, the heat transfer efficiency increases as the thickness of the heat fin and cold fin increases, but it varies depending on the number and thickness of the heat fin and cold fin placed within the specification.

[0174] Therefore, it can be confirmed that the width of the thermoelectric fin is in both the numerator and denominator of [Mathematical Formula 8], and that there is a separate optimal point for increasing the thermoelectric efficiency in both the positive and negative terms.

[0175] If we measure the power per unit area through simulation,

[0176] [Table 2]

[0177]

[0178] It is made as shown in [Table 2] above.

[0179] Accordingly, each model A, D, and E can be confirmed in terms of voltage, current, power per unit, and power per unit area according to changes in materials as described above, and as the efficiency of model A with an intermediate width is the highest, the optimal thickness can be derived through the above [Mathematical Formula 8] as the efficiency differs according to the shape of shortening or lengthening the width.

[0180]

[0181] Next, as shown in Fig. 12, the performance according to various shapes of the contact portions of the heat pin (12) and the cold pin (22) is examined. Drawing A, Model F, Model G, Model H, Model I, and Model J are compared, and in order to confirm the performance based on the mathematical formula, [Mathematical Formula 3], [Mathematical Formula 4], and [Mathematical Formula 8] are defined.

[0182] These above models have the same height, width and length, but the shape of the narrowing section is different.

[0183] At this time, the larger the average area, the higher the efficiency can be derived.

[0184] If we measure the power per unit area through simulation,

[0185] [Table 3]

[0186]

[0187] It is made as shown in [Table 3] above.

[0188] Therefore, it can be confirmed that models A, F, and J with large average areas have relatively high efficiencies, and in particular, model F has higher efficiency than model A, indicating that the larger the average area, the more efficient it is.

[0189] This is through [Equation 8] Since the denominator term is negative, it is located in the negative term. As this gets bigger, it has the effect of lowering efficiency, so we place as many pins as possible within a given space. We can express Model A, which is designed to be minimal.

[0190] That is, although the optimal shape can be derived based on the shape of the heat pin and the cold pin, Model A was adopted to ensure economic feasibility by considering processing, design, and production.

[0191]

[0192] Next, as shown in Fig. 13, the performance according to the structure of the open groove (51) formed in the thermal sheet (50) is examined. The open groove of Model A is 6 mm x 3.2 mm, and the open groove of Model B is 6 mm x 1.6 mm.

[0193] Based on this, the simulation results were as follows:

[0194] [Table 4]

[0195]

[0196] It is made as shown in [Table 4] above.

[0197] Therefore, the open groove of the thermoelectric sheet can confirm the efficiency according to the large area.

[0198] And, as shown in Fig. 14, the presence or absence of a peak gate was confirmed through the above thermal sheet.

[0199] At this time, Model A has a clear peak gate, but Model B does not have a peak gate, so Model A with a peak gate can be confirmed to have superior performance.

[0200]

[0201] In this way, the superior performance of Model A can be confirmed through mathematical formulas and simulations according to each form and structure, and the performance of the selected Model A type thermal power generation unit, TEG thermoelectric element, and solar cell was compared.

[0202] [Table 5]

[0203]

[0204] It was derived as shown in [Table 5] above.

[0205] Looking at the power generation per unit area, we can see the excellent performance of the thermal power generation unit.

[0206] However, it can be confirmed that the heat generation unit produces different power depending on the material.

[0207]

[0208] In addition, the reference temperature of the thermoelectric device in the simulation described above was applied as 300℃ for the heat module and 20℃ for the cold module, and the physical quantity properties of the material are described in [Table 6] below.

[0209] [Table 6]

[0210]

[0211]

[0212] In this way, the present invention can produce heat energy generated through heat exchange and heat separation using a thermally conductive material as electrical energy using the thermal battery unit (1).

[0213] At this time, the cold module (20) is placed on the top of the heat module (10) to raise hot heat and lower cold heat through convection, thereby efficiently discharging waste heat generated internally, thereby preventing damage caused by heat.

[0214] In addition, the materials are arranged as closely as possible to conduct heat through a grid pattern in a misaligned manner, and the occurrence of heat spectrum and buffer effect is prevented, thereby minimizing heat loss and enabling easy power generation.

[0215] At this time, the heat fin (12) and the cold fin (22) can secure synergy of the thermoelectric effect by creating a gap in the horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions.

[0216] And, the above-mentioned thermoelectric sheet (50) can be expected to have a high-efficiency thermoelectric effect as a peak gate is formed through the opposing environment of heat and cold.

[0217] In addition, the above-mentioned thermoelectric unit (1) has excellent production and processability so that it can be mass-produced in various ways through materials and structures, thereby ensuring improved productivity and economy compared to the N / P type thermoelectric element form.

[0218] Additionally, improved efficiency can be expected by applying this when developing new materials.

[0219]

[0220] As described above, the rights of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, but are defined by the scope of the claims, and it is obvious that a person having ordinary skill in the art of the present invention can make various modifications and adaptations within the scope of the rights described in the claims.

Claims

1. In a thermoelectric cell that can generate electricity by utilizing the temperature difference generated through thermal separation, A heat module having heat fins having an alternating pattern of ends protruding from the top of a plate-shaped heat plate, A cold module having cold fins formed with an alternating pattern of protruding ends at the bottom of a plate-shaped cold plate, A heat electrode panel that is in close contact with the upper surface of the heat fin and has a grid pattern of alternating discharge grooves, A cold electrode panel that is in close contact with the lower surface of the cold pin and comes into contact with the cold pin through a grid pattern with alternating discharge grooves, A thermal battery characterized by being formed of a thermal sheet having open grooves formed in a longitudinal direction and interlocked with the discharge grooves, and arranged between the above-mentioned hot electrode panel and the above-mentioned cold electrode panel.

2. In paragraph 1, The above heat pin and the above cold pin, A protruding portion that is spaced apart from one surface of the above heat plate and the above cold plate at a certain interval to form a heat dissipation space, A thermocouple characterized in that the end surfaces protruding from the ends of the above-mentioned protruding portions are alternately arranged to form a contact surface and an open space according to a certain area.

3. In paragraph 1, A thermoelectric cell characterized in that the heat module, the cold module, the heat electrode panel, the cold electrode panel, and the thermoelectric sheet are made of one or a combination of conductive materials such as gold, silver, copper, aluminum, hoist alloy (Fe₂VAl), and bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3).

4. In paragraph 1, A thermal cell characterized in that the cold module is arranged on top of the heat module to generate a convection phenomenon, and the heat and cold transferred to the heat electrode panel, the cold electrode panel, and the thermal sheet are discharged through the discharge groove and the open groove.

5. In paragraph 1, A thermal battery characterized in that the heat fins and the heat electrode panel, and the cold fins and the cold electrode panel are formed in a zigzag direction in a grid-like pattern and are formed to be misaligned with each other.

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