Communication method and communication apparatus

Abstract

The present invention provides a communication method and a communication apparatus, which can be used in a satellite communication system, such as an NTN. The communication method comprises: a core network device sends first information to a first node, wherein the first information is used for configuring a first function set of the first node, the first function set comprises one or more of the following functions: a network side unit function, an MT1 function and an MT2 function, the MT1 function comprises the function of an MT in an IAB node, and the MT2 function comprises the function of an MT in a WAB node; and the first node enables the function in the first function set. The technical solution can ensure communication efficiency and reduce deployment costs when a terminal accesses a core network on the basis of an integrated access and backhaul network architecture in satellite communication scenarios.

Description

Communication methods and communication devices

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202411458357.4, filed on October 17, 2024, entitled "Communication Method and Communication Apparatus", the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a communication method and a communication device. Background Technology

[0003] Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs), such as satellite communications, possess significant advantages including global coverage, long-distance transmission, flexible networking, convenient deployment, and independence from geographical limitations. They have been widely applied in various fields, including maritime communications, positioning and navigation, disaster relief, scientific experiments, video broadcasting, and Earth observation. The integration of terrestrial and satellite networks, leveraging their respective strengths, forms a seamless global communication network encompassing land, sea, air, space, and ground, meeting the diverse and ubiquitous service needs of users.

[0004] In terrestrial communications, terminal access to the core network is typically achieved through an integrated access and backhaul network architecture. This architecture includes an access component and a backhaul component. The backhaul component can reuse the access mechanism (such as the Uu interface protocol design), thereby reducing network deployment costs. For example, the integrated access and backhaul (IAB) architecture and the wireless access and backhaul (WAB) architecture are two commonly used integrated access and backhaul network architectures in terrestrial communications.

[0005] However, for NTN communication scenarios, such as satellite communication scenarios, there is also a need to achieve integrated access and backhaul networks, so how to achieve this has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a communication method and a communication device that can flexibly configure nodes in a network to improve communication efficiency and reduce deployment costs.

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a communication method that can be applied to the first node side. For example, it can be executed by the first node in the network, or it can be executed by a component configured in the first node (such as a communication module, chip, chip system, etc.), or it can be a logic module or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the first node. This application does not limit this.

[0008] The communication method includes: receiving first information from a core network device, the first information being used to configure a first set of functions for a first node, the first set of functions including one or more of the following functions: network side unit functions, MT1 functions, MT2 functions, the MT1 function including the functions of a mobile terminal (MT) in an IAB node, the MT2 function including the functions of an MT in a WAB node; and activating the functions in the first set of functions.

[0009] In this application, the first node refers to a non-terrestrial network device or a terrestrial network device included in the network. In this application, the non-terrestrial network device is also referred to as an NTN node or NTN device, etc., and the terrestrial network device is also referred to as a TN node or TN device, etc.

[0010] For example, the functions of the network-side units mentioned above can be any of the following: distributed unit (DU) function, centralized unit (CU) function, CU function, and DU function.

[0011] The CU and DU functions can also be replaced by the gNB function. That is, the gNB function includes both the CU and DU functions.

[0012] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] In this technical solution, the core network device can send first information to the first node to configure a first function set for the first node. The first function set includes one or more of the following functions: network-side unit function, MT1 function, and MT2 function. Correspondingly, after receiving the first information, the first node enables the functions in the first function set.

[0013] The first information is used to configure the first set of functions of the first node, or it can be replaced with: the first information is used to indicate the first set of functions that the first node enables.

[0014] The word "enable" can also be replaced with descriptions such as "configure", "enable", or "activate".

[0015] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] For example, the first function set includes DU function and MT1 function; correspondingly, the first node is configured with DU function and MT1 function. It is understood that, in this case, the first node can be considered to be configured as an IAB node. The IAB node described in this application is merely an example name, used only to represent having DU and MT1 functions. It is understood that, with changes or evolution of the network architecture, the IAB node may also be called by other names, which does not constitute a limitation of this application.

[0016] For example, the first function set includes DU and CU functions; correspondingly, the first node is configured with DU and CU functions. Understandably, in this case, the first node can be considered configured as an IAB host. The IAB host described in this application is merely an example name, used simply to represent having both DU and CU functions. Understandably, as the network architecture changes or evolves, the IAB host may also be called by other names, which does not constitute a limitation of this application.

[0017] For example, the first functional set includes DU, CU, and MT2 functions; correspondingly, the first node is configured with DU, CU, and MT2 functions. Understandably, in this case, the first node can be considered configured as a WAB node. The WAB node described in this application is merely an example name; the name WAB node is used simply to represent a node possessing DU, CU, and MT2 functions. Understandably, as the network architecture changes or evolves, the WAB node may also be referred to by other names, which does not constitute a limitation of this application.

[0018] For example, the first function set includes dual DU function, CU function, MT1 function, and MT2 function; correspondingly, the first node is configured with dual DU function, CU function, MT1 function, and MT2 function.

[0019] For example, the first function set includes DU function, dual CU function, and MT2 function; correspondingly, the first node is configured with DU function, dual CU function, and MT2 function.

[0020] Based on the method provided in the first aspect, the core network device can configure different sets of functions for each node (network device) in the network, enabling the first node to have different functions enabled in different non-terrestrial communication scenarios. For example, the core network device can configure the first node as one or more of IAB node, IAB host, and WAB node. In other words, according to the technical solution provided in this application, the core network device can flexibly configure nodes in the network. For example, it can configure different sets of functions for the first node according to the specific needs of the communication scenario, enabling the first node to have access and / or backhaul functions to realize non-terrestrial communication, such as satellite communication, and access and backhaul networks in the scenario, thereby improving communication efficiency and reducing deployment costs.

[0021] [Correction 12.05.2026 based on Rule 91] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the first information is carried in a first message, and the first message further includes second information, which is used to indicate the effective time period associated with the first function set; the activation of the function in the first function set includes: activating the function in the first function set during the effective time period.

[0022] This technical solution allows for dynamic adjustment of the set of functions enabled, meaning different sets of functions can be configured at different times. It is suitable for situations where the first node moves rapidly, such as satellites, ensuring the success rate and reliability of communication.

[0023] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, before receiving the first information, the method further includes: sending capability information to the core network device, the capability information indicating the set of functions requested by the first node, the requested set of functions being one or more of the following:

[0024] The DU function and MT1 function constitute a set of functions;

[0025] The functional set consisting of DU and CU functions;

[0026] [Corrected according to detailed rule 91 12.05.2026] The function set consisting of DU function, CU function, and MT2 function;

[0027] A set of functions consisting of dual DU function, CU function, MT1 function, and MT2 function;

[0028] The function set consists of DU function, dual CU function and MT2 function;

[0029] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] The functional set consisting of CU function, DU function, core network function, and MT1 function.

[0030] The capability information indicates the set of functions requested by the first node, or it can be replaced with: the capability information indicates the set of functions supported by the first node.

[0031] In this implementation, the first node indicates the set of functions requested by reporting capability information to the core network device, thereby assisting the core network device in determining the first set of functions to be configured for the first node.

[0032] [Correction 12.05.2026 based on Rule 91] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, receiving third information from the core network device, the third information being used to indicate the triggering conditions for the first node to enable functions in the first function set; enabling functions in the first function set includes: enabling functions in the first function set when the triggering conditions are met.

[0033] For example, the triggering conditions include one or more of the following: the elevation angle between the first node and the reference position is greater than a preset threshold, the distance between the first node and the reference position is less than a preset threshold, the clock of the first node is within a preset time period, and the time delay between the first node and the reference node is less than a preset threshold.

[0034] This technical solution enables the timely and flexible activation of a set of configuration functions based on triggered events, reducing the latency of function configuration.

[0035] [Correction 12.05.2026 based on Rule 91] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the method further includes: receiving fourth information from a core network device, the fourth information being used to instruct the first function set to be updated to a second function set.

[0036] For example, when the communication scenario of the network in which the first node is located changes, the core network device sends a fourth message to the first node to instruct the first node to update the first function set.

[0037] For example, the fourth information sent by the core network device to the first node includes at least one function and the configuration status corresponding to at least one function. The configuration status is, for example, any of the following: newly added, released or deleted, partial release of functions, function temporarily suspended and activated according to instructions, function temporarily suspended and taken effect or deleted after conditions are met; wherein, at least one function includes functions in the first function set and functions added to the second function set compared to the first function set.

[0038] This implementation method enables dynamic management of the functions configured on the first node to suit different communication scenarios, thereby ensuring communication efficiency.

[0039] [Corrected according to Rule 91 12.05.2026] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the first node has network-side unit functions and the first node is the source service node of the second node. The method further includes: when the second node switches from the first node to the third node in the network, sending indication information of the first function set to the third node.

[0040] The third node is the target service node of the second node.

[0041] With this implementation, when the second node switches from the first node to the third node in the network, the first node sends an indication message of the first function set to the third node. In this way, the third node can be configured with the first function set, so that the third node can serve the second node, thereby ensuring that the communication of the second node is not interrupted.

[0042] [Correction 12.05.2026 based on Rule 91] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the first node has MT1 and / or MT2 functions, and the method further includes: when the first node switches from a fourth node to a fifth node in the network, receiving indication information of the third set of functions of the fifth node sent by the fifth node.

[0043] With this implementation, when the first node switches from the fourth node to the fifth node in the network, the fifth node sends the instruction information of the third function set of the fifth node to the first node. In this way, the first node can be configured as the third function set, so that the fifth node can serve the first node, thereby ensuring that the communication of the first node is uninterrupted.

[0044] Secondly, this application provides a communication method that can be applied to the core network side. For example, it can be executed by core network equipment in the network, or by components (such as communication modules, chips, chip systems, etc.) configured in the core network equipment, or by logic modules or software that can realize all or part of the functions of the core network equipment. This application does not limit this.

[0045] The communication method includes: sending first information to a first node in the network, the first information being used to configure a first set of functions of the first node, the first set of functions including one or more of the following functions: network side unit function, MT1 function, MT2 function, MT1 function including the MT function in the IAB node, MT2 function including the MT function in the WAB node; wherein the network includes non-terrestrial network devices and / or terrestrial network devices, and the first node is a non-terrestrial network device or a terrestrial network device.

[0046] Based on the method provided in the second aspect, core network devices can configure different sets of functions for each node (network device) in the network. In this way, core network devices can flexibly configure nodes in the network. For example, they can configure different sets of functions for the first node in different non-terrestrial communication scenarios according to the specific needs of the communication scenario. For example, core network devices can configure the first node as one or more of IAB node, IAB host, and WAB node, so that the first node has access and / or backhaul functions to realize non-terrestrial communication, such as satellite communication, access and backhaul network in the scenario, so as to improve communication efficiency and reduce deployment costs.

[0047] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the network-side unit function is any one of the following: DU function, CU function, CU function, and DU function.

[0048] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the first information is carried in a first message, and the first message also includes second information, which is used to indicate the valid time period associated with the first set of functions.

[0049] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, before sending the first information, the method further includes: receiving capability information from a first node, the capability information indicating a set of functions requested by the first node, the requested set of functions being one or more of the following:

[0050] The DU function and MT1 function constitute a set of functions;

[0051] The functional set consisting of DU and CU functions;

[0052] [Corrected according to detailed rule 91 12.05.2026] The function set consisting of DU function, CU function, and MT2 function;

[0053] [Corrected according to Detailed Rules 91, 12.05.2026] The functional set consisting of dual DU function, CU function, MT1 function, and MT2 function;

[0054] The function set consists of DU function, dual CU function and MT2 function;

[0055] The core network function consists of the CU function, DU function, core network function, and MT1 function.

[0056] [Correction based on Rule 91, 12.05.2026] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the method further includes: sending third information to the first node, the third information being used to indicate the triggering conditions for the first node to activate functions in the first set of functions.

[0057] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the triggering conditions include one or more of the following: the elevation angle between the first node and the reference position is greater than a preset threshold, the distance between the position of the first node and the reference position is less than a preset threshold, the clock of the first node is within a preset time period, and the time delay between the first node and the reference node is less than a preset threshold.

[0058] [Correction 12.05.2026 based on Rule 91] In conjunction with the second aspect, in one possible implementation, the method further includes: sending a fourth message to the first node, the fourth message being used to instruct the first function set to be updated to the second function set.

[0059] For example, the fourth information includes at least one function and the configuration status corresponding to at least one function. The configuration status is any one of the following: newly added, released or deleted, some functions in the function are released, the function is temporarily suspended and activated according to the instruction, the function is temporarily suspended and takes effect or is deleted after the conditions are met; wherein at least one function includes functions in the first function set and functions in the second function set that are added compared to the first function set.

[0060] Thirdly, this application provides a communication device, comprising: a transceiver module for receiving first information, the first information being used to configure a first function set of a first node, the first function set including one or more of the following functions: network side unit function, MT1 function, MT2 function, the MT1 function including the MT function in the IAB node, and the MT2 function including the MT function in the WAB node; and a processing module for activating the functions in the first function set.

[0061] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the network-side unit function is any one of the following: DU function, CU function, CU function, and DU function.

[0062] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the first information is carried in the first message, and the first message also includes second information, which is used to indicate the valid time period associated with the first function set; the processing module is specifically used to: activate the functions in the first function set during the valid time period.

[0063] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to: send capability information to the core network equipment, the capability information indicating the set of functions requested by the first node, the requested set of functions being one or more of the following:

[0064] The DU function and MT1 function constitute a set of functions;

[0065] The functional set consisting of DU and CU functions;

[0066] The set of functions consisting of DU, CU, and MT2 functions;

[0067] A set of functions consisting of dual DU function, CU function, MT1 function, and MT2 function;

[0068] The function set consists of DU function, dual CU function and MT2 function;

[0069] The core network function consists of the CU function, DU function, core network function, and MT1 function.

[0070] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive third information from the core network device, the third information being used to indicate the triggering conditions for the first node to enable functions in the first function set; the processing module is specifically configured to: enable functions in the first function set when the triggering conditions are met.

[0071] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the triggering conditions include one or more of the following: the elevation angle between the first node and the reference position is greater than a preset threshold, the distance between the position of the first node and the reference position is less than a preset threshold, the clock of the first node is within a preset time period, and the time delay between the first node and the reference node is less than a preset threshold.

[0072] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive fourth information from the core network device, the fourth information being used to instruct the first function set to be updated to the second function set.

[0073] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the fourth information includes at least one function and the configuration state corresponding to each of the at least one function. The configuration state is any one of the following: newly added, released or deleted, partial release of functions, function temporarily suspended and activated according to instructions, function temporarily suspended and activated or deleted after meeting conditions; wherein at least one function includes functions in the first function set and functions newly added to the second function set compared to the first function set.

[0074] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the first node has network-side unit functionality and is the source service node of the second node. The transceiver module is also used to: send instruction information of the first function set to the third node when the second node switches from the first node to the third node in the network.

[0075] [Correction 12.05.2026 based on Rule 91] In conjunction with the third aspect, in one possible implementation, the first node has MT1 and / or MT2 functions, and the transceiver module is further configured to: receive indication information of the third function set of the fifth node sent by the fifth node when the first node switches from the fourth node to the fifth node in the network.

[0076] The effects achievable by the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof can be referred to the description of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0077] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] In a fourth aspect, this application provides a communication device comprising: a transceiver module configured to: send first information to a first node in a network, the first information being configured to set a first function set of the first node, the first function set including one or more of the following functions: network side unit function, MT1 function, MT2 function, the MT1 function including the MT function in an IAB node, the MT2 function including the MT function in a WAB node; the first node being a non-terrestrial network device or a terrestrial network device. This communication device can be applied to core network devices in a network, wherein the network includes non-terrestrial network devices and / or terrestrial network devices.

[0078] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the network-side unit function is any one of the following: DU function, CU function, CU function, and DU function.

[0079] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the first information is carried in the first message, and the first message also includes second information, which is used to indicate the valid time period associated with the first set of functions.

[0080] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive capability information from the first node, the capability information indicating the set of functions requested by the first node, the requested set of functions being one or more of the following:

[0081] The DU function and MT1 function constitute a set of functions;

[0082] The functional set consisting of DU and CU functions;

[0083] The set of functions consisting of DU, CU, and MT2 functions;

[0084] A set of functions consisting of dual DU function, CU function, MT1 function, and MT2 function;

[0085] The function set consists of DU function, dual CU function and MT2 function;

[0086] The core network function consists of the CU function, DU function, core network function, and MT1 function.

[0087] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the transceiver module is also used to: send third information to the first node, the third information being used to indicate the triggering conditions for the first node to activate the functions in the first function set.

[0088] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the triggering conditions include one or more of the following: the elevation angle between the first node and the reference position is greater than a preset threshold, the distance between the position of the first node and the reference position is less than a preset threshold, the clock of the first node is within a preset time period, and the time delay between the first node and the reference node is less than a preset threshold.

[0089] [Correction 12.05.2026 based on Rule 91] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the transceiver module is further configured to: send fourth information to the first node, the fourth information being used to indicate that the first function set is updated to the second function set.

[0090] In conjunction with the fourth aspect, in one possible implementation, the fourth information includes at least one function and the configuration state corresponding to each of the at least one function. The configuration state is any one of the following: newly added, released or deleted, partial release of functions, function temporarily suspended and activated according to instructions, function temporarily suspended and activated or deleted after meeting conditions; wherein at least one function includes functions in the first function set and functions newly added to the second function set compared to the first function set.

[0091] The effects that can be obtained from the fourth aspect and any possible implementation of the fourth aspect can be referred to the description of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0092] Fifthly, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of the necessary computer program or instructions for implementing the functions described in the first aspect. The one or more processors can execute the computer program or instructions, causing the communication device to implement the methods in any possible design or implementation of the first aspect. The interface circuit is used to implement the communication functions within the communication device and / or the communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0093] In one possible design, the processor is used to communicate with other devices or components through the interface circuit.

[0094] In one possible design, the communication device may also include the memory.

[0095] For example, the aforementioned communication device may be a first node in the network, a communication module within the first node, or a chip within the first node responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip containing a modem module. The first node here may be, for example, a terrestrial network device or a non-terrestrial network device within the network.

[0096] Sixthly, this application provides a communication device including an interface circuit and one or more processors. The one or more processors are coupled to a memory. The memory stores part or all of the necessary computer program or instructions for implementing the functions described in the second aspect above. The one or more processors are executable to carry out the computer program or instructions, causing the communication device to implement the methods in any possible design or implementation of the second aspect above. The interface circuit is used to implement the communication functions within the communication device and / or the communication functions between the communication device and other devices or components.

[0097] In one possible design, the processor is used to communicate with other devices or components through the interface circuit.

[0098] In one possible design, the communication device may also include the memory.

[0099] For example, the aforementioned communication device may be a core network device, or a communication module in a core network device, or a chip in a core network device that is responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip (also known as a baseband chip) or a SoC or SIP chip containing a modem module.

[0100] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-readable instructions that, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform any of the possible designs in the first to second aspects described above.

[0101] Eighthly, this application provides a computer program product that, when read and executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the possible designs in the first to second aspects described above. Attached Figure Description

[0102] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a non-staring satellite communication system and a staring satellite communication system;

[0103] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication system;

[0104] Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the integrated access backhaul network architecture;

[0105] Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of communication based on IAB architecture and WAB architecture;

[0106] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the satellite communication system with access and backhaul network architecture provided in this application;

[0107] Figures 6 to 10 show schematic diagrams of configuring various nodes in the network under different scenarios;

[0108] Figure 11 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0109] Figures 12 and 13 show schematic diagrams of the division between DU and CU;

[0110] Figure 14 shows a schematic diagram of the set of functions configured by the core network equipment for each node in the network in a communication scenario;

[0111] Figure 15 shows a schematic diagram of the set of functions configured by the core network equipment for each node in the network in another communication scenario;

[0112] Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of a control plane protocol stack;

[0113] Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of a user plane protocol stack;

[0114] Figure 18 shows a schematic diagram of the set of functions configured by the core network equipment for each node in the network in another communication scenario;

[0115] Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of activating different sets of functions under different triggering conditions;

[0116] Figure 20 shows a schematic diagram of the second node switching from the first node to the third node;

[0117] Figure 21 shows a schematic diagram of the first node switching from the fourth node to the fifth node;

[0118] Figure 22 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0119] Figure 23 is a structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided in another embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0120] First, before introducing the technical solution of this application, some concepts involved in this application will be introduced.

[0121] 1. Non-terrestrial networks (NTN)

[0122] NTN, comprising nodes such as satellite networks, high-altitude platforms, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), boasts significant advantages including global coverage, long-distance transmission, flexible networking, convenient deployment, and independence from geographical limitations. It has been widely applied in various fields such as maritime communication, positioning and navigation, disaster relief, scientific experiments, video broadcasting, and Earth observation. The integration of terrestrial mobile communication networks and satellite networks leverages their respective strengths to create a seamless, globally integrated sea, land, air, space, and ground communication network, meeting users' ubiquitous and diverse service needs.

[0123] As a crucial component of NTN, next-generation satellite networks are generally characterized by ultra-dense and heterogeneous structures. Firstly, the scale of satellite networks has grown from 66 satellites in the Iridium constellation to 720 in a single-network constellation, and ultimately extended to the Starlink ultra-dense low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellation of over 12,000 satellites. Secondly, satellite networks exhibit heterogeneous characteristics, evolving from traditional single-layer communication networks to multi-layered communication networks. The functions of communication satellite networks are also becoming more complex and diversified, gradually accommodating and supporting functions such as navigation enhancement, Earth observation, and on-orbit processing of multi-dimensional information.

[0124] 2. Beam operation mode of satellite communication system

[0125] Taking satellite communication as an example, based on the working mode of the payload (such as beam), it can generally be divided into non-staring (earth-moving) satellite communication systems and staring (earth-fixed or quasi-earth fixed) satellite communication systems.

[0126] For non-staring satellite communication systems, the satellite's beam coverage area moves along with the satellite. As shown in Figure 1(a), at time T1, the satellite is at position 1, and the area covered by the satellite's beam is region 1. At time T2, the satellite moves to position 2, and the area covered by the satellite's beam is region 2. At time T3, the satellite moves to position 3, and the area covered by the satellite's beam is region 3.

[0127] For staring satellite communication systems, the satellite dynamically adjusts its beam direction to ensure that the beam approximately covers the same area of ​​the ground. As shown in Figure 1(b), at time T1, the satellite is at position 1; at time T2, the satellite moves to position 2; and at time T3, the satellite moves to position 3. During the satellite's movement, the area covered by the satellite's beam remains almost the same.

[0128] The technical solution of this application can be applied to non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) or scenarios where NTNs are integrated with terrestrial networks (TNs). NTN systems can be, for example, satellite communication systems, high altitude platform station (HAPS) communication systems, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), etc. TN systems can be, for example, 4th generation (4G) communication systems (e.g., long term evolution (LTE) systems), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, 5th generation (5G) communication systems (e.g., new radio (NR) systems), and future mobile communication systems. The NTN system can be an NTN system integrated with 4G, 5G, and any future generation of communication systems.

[0129] Referring to Figure 2, Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a satellite communication system 200. As shown in Figure 2, the satellite communication system 200 includes satellites 201, 202, and 203, and at least one terminal device 204. Satellites communicate with each other via inter-satellite links. Satellites and terminal devices communicate with each other via uplink and downlink links.

[0130] Figure 2 illustrates a scenario with 5 terminal devices, but the number of terminal devices is not limited in this embodiment.

[0131] Optionally, the satellite communication system 200 also includes core network equipment. In one possible implementation, the satellite 203 can be connected to the core network equipment to communicate with it.

[0132] In this embodiment, the terminal device can be fixed or movable. This embodiment does not limit the number of satellites and terminal devices included in the satellite communication system 200.

[0133] For example, the satellite in the satellite communication system 200 can be a LEO satellite, a non-geostationary earth orbit (NGEO) satellite, a middle earth orbit (MEO) satellite, or a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite.

[0134] The satellites in the satellite communication system 200 can provide communication, navigation, and positioning services to terminal devices via multiple beams. The satellites in the satellite communication system 200 employ multiple beams to cover service cells, and different beams can communicate through one or more of time-division, frequency-division, space-division, and polarization multiplexing (such as linear polarization, left-hand circular polarization, right-hand circular polarization, elliptic polarization, etc.). The satellites in the satellite communication system 200 can wirelessly communicate with terminal devices through broadcast communication signals and navigation signals, and can also wirelessly communicate with core network equipment.

[0135] The satellite mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be a satellite base station, or may include an orbital receiver or repeater for relaying information, or network equipment carried on a satellite.

[0136] Generally, satellite communication systems include transparent satellite architecture and non-transparent satellite architecture. Transparent transmission, also known as bend-tube relay transmission, means that the signal only undergoes frequency conversion and amplification on the satellite; the satellite is transparent to the signal. Non-transparent transmission, also known as regenerative (access / processing on the satellite) transmission, means that the satellite has some or all of the base station functions. For example, satellites 201 and 202 in Figure 2 represent non-transparent satellite architecture, while satellite 203 represents transparent satellite architecture.

[0137] In addition, the satellite can operate in either staring mode or non-staring mode. The meanings of staring mode and non-staring mode are described above and will not be repeated here.

[0138] In the embodiments of this application, terminal equipment may refer to user equipment, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, or user device. The terminal device in the embodiments of this application may also be a satellite phone, cellular phone, smartphone, wireless data card, wireless modem, machine-type communication device, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld device with wireless communication function, computing device or other processing device connected to wireless modem, vehicle-mounted device or wearable device, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical care, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, terminal device in 5G network or future communication network, etc.

[0139] Furthermore, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an Internet of Things (IoT) system. IoT is an important component of future information technology development, and its main technical characteristic is connecting objects to networks through communication technologies, thereby realizing an intelligent network that enables human-machine interconnection and machine-to-machine interconnection. This application does not limit the specific form of the terminal device.

[0140] In addition, the terminal device can also be a terminal device in an NTN communication scenario. For example, the terminal device can be a terminal device in a satellite communication scenario.

[0141] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the terminal device can be a means for implementing the functions of the terminal device, or a means for supporting the terminal device in implementing the functions, such as a communication module or a chip system, which can be installed in the terminal. In the embodiments of this application, the chip system can be composed of chips, or it can include chips and other discrete devices.

[0142] In this application embodiment, the network device can be any device with wireless transceiver capabilities, including but not limited to: evolved NodeB (eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node base (NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (e.g., home evolved NodeB, or home node B, HNB), base band unit (BBU), access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (TP) or transmission and reception point (TRP) in a wireless fidelity (WIFI) system, etc. It can also be a 5G, such as a gNB in ​​an NR system, or a transmission point (TRP or TP), one or a group (including multiple antenna panels) of an antenna panel in a 5G base station, or a network node constituting a gNB or transmission point, such as a base band unit (BBU) or a distributed unit (TRP). unit, DU) etc.

[0143] For example, the network device can also be a network device in an NTN communication scenario. For example, the network device can be a satellite or a base station deployed on a satellite in a satellite communication scenario. It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the network device can be a means for implementing the functions of the network device, or it can be a means that supports the network device in implementing those functions, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the network device.

[0144] It should also be understood that the network devices and terminal devices in the embodiments of this application can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; or on water; or on aircraft, balloons, and satellites in the air. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of the network devices and terminal devices.

[0145] In this embodiment, the core network equipment, acting as the bearer network, provides an interface to the data network, offering user equipment (UE) communication connections, authentication, management, policy control, and data service delivery. The core network (CN) can further include: access and mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), authentication server function (AUSF), policy control function (PCF), user plane function (UPF), and other network elements. The AMF element manages UE access and mobility, primarily responsible for UE authentication, UE mobility management, and UE paging functions.

[0146] In terrestrial communications, terminal access to the core network is typically achieved through an integrated access and backhaul network architecture. As shown in Figure 3, the integrated access and backhaul network architecture includes an access portion and a backhaul portion. The backhaul portion can reuse the access mechanism (such as the Uu interface protocol design), thereby reducing network deployment costs.

[0147] IAB architecture and WAB architecture are two commonly used integrated access backhaul network architectures. The following is an introduction to these two communication system architectures. Figure 4(a) shows a schematic diagram of communication based on the IAB architecture. Figure 4(b) shows a schematic diagram of communication based on the WAB architecture.

[0148] 1. IAB architecture

[0149] The purpose of IABs is to support wireless backhaul and relay links, enabling flexible and very dense deployment of NR cells without proportionally encrypting limited transmission networks. Typical deployment scenarios include supporting outdoor small cell deployments, indoor small cell deployments, and even mobile relays (e.g., deploying IAB nodes in vehicles).

[0150] As shown in Figure 4(a), the IAB architecture includes IAB node 401, IAB node 402, IAB host 403, and core network device 404. Among them, IAB node 401 is connected to IAB node 402, IAB node 402 is connected to IAB host 403, and IAB host 403 is directly connected to core network device 404.

[0151] The physical interface between the UE and the IAB node is the Uu interface, and the physical interface between the IAB host and the core network equipment is the NG interface.

[0152] It should be understood that in the embodiments of this application, the IAB host 403 can be connected to multiple IAB nodes, and each IAB node can also be connected to other IAB nodes or UEs. As an example, Figure 4(a) only shows one IAB node 402 connected to the IAB host 403, and only shows one IAB node 401 connected to the IAB node 402, but this does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application.

[0153] Specifically, in the IAB architecture, each IAB node needs to maintain a radio link to its parent node and also maintain radio links to its child nodes. If the child node of an IAB node is a terminal device, the radio link between that IAB node and its child node (i.e., the terminal device) is called a radio access link. If the child node of an IAB node is another IAB node, the radio link between that IAB node and its child node (i.e., the other IAB node) is called a radio backhaul link. Taking Figure 4(a) as an example, the link between the UE and the IAB nodes is a radio access link, the link between IAB node 401 and IAB node 402 is a radio backhaul link, and the link between IAB node 402 and IAB host 403 is a radio backhaul link.

[0154] Each IAB node consists of a mobile termination (MT) component and a distribution unit (DU) component. It is also referred to as: each IAB node includes MT functionality and DU functionality. In this application, the MT in an IAB node is also referred to as IAB-MT, and the DU in an IAB node is also referred to as IAB-DU. When an IAB node faces its parent node, it can act as a terminal device, i.e., the role of IAB-MT; when an IAB node faces its child node (which may be another IAB node or a terminal device), it is considered a network device, i.e., the role of IAB-DU.

[0155] Taking Figure 4(a) as an example, when IAB node 401 faces its parent node (i.e., IAB node 402), it is considered a terminal device, i.e., a MT (Metal Transporter). When IAB node 401 faces its child node (i.e., the UE connected to IAB node 401 in the figure), it is considered a network device, i.e., a DU (Dedicated User Device). Similarly, when IAB node 402 faces its parent node (i.e., IAB host 403), it is considered a terminal device, i.e., a MT. When IAB node 402 faces its child node (i.e., IAB node 401), it is considered a network device, i.e., a DU (Dedicated User Device).

[0156] Specifically, in this application, the IAB host 403 can be an access network element with complete base station functionality or an access network element with a separated centralized unit (CU) and user plane (DU). In this application, the centralized unit in the IAB host is also referred to as Donor-CU (or simply CU), and the distributed unit in the IAB host is referred to as Donor-DU. The Donor-CU may also be in a form where the control plane (CP) and user plane (UP) are separated. For example, a CU may consist of one CU-CP and one or more CU-UPs.

[0157] Each IAB node's DU portion is connected to the IAB host via the F1 interface.

[0158] Specifically, the F1 interface consists of two parts: the control plane and the user plane. The user plane is maintained between the DU part of the IAB node and the Donor-CU-UP, while the control plane is maintained between the DU part of the IAB node and the Donor-CU-CP.

[0159] 2. WAB Architecture

[0160] The main difference between the WAB architecture and the IAB architecture is that the WAB node carries more complex functions, carrying the complete gNB (including gNB-DU and gNB-CU) and UE / MT parts, that is, it can provide complete gNB functions and MT functions. The gNB functions include CU functions and DU functions.

[0161] As shown in Figure 4(b), the WAB node includes the WAB-gNB node and the WAB-MT node, which can also be called WAB-UE. Among them, WAB-gNB provides access for ordinary UEs as a complete gNB, while WAB-MT can act as a UE and access NG-RAN (i.e., BH-gNB in ​​the figure) by multiplexing the NR Uu protocol in a one-hop manner.

[0162] As shown in Figure 4(b), the UE accesses the WAB-gNB through the Uu port. Then, the WAB-MT wraps the UE's data in the WAB-MT's protocol data unit session (PDU) and sends it through the WAB-MT's Uu port, through the BH-gNB connected to the WAB-MT, and finally to the WAB-MT's 5GC (also known as BH-5GC). Then, the BH-5GC sends the data to the UE's 5GC according to the Internet Protocol (IP) routing.

[0163] As can be seen, in the WAB architecture, WAB-MT carries the service data (including control plane and data plane services) of the UE set under WAB-gNB by establishing a session (i.e., PDU session).

[0164] It should be noted that the WAB-gNB can also establish logical Xn interfaces with the BH-gNB and other nearby base stations (other gNBs). The Xn interface is the interface between base stations and is mainly used for signaling interaction such as handover.

[0165] For details on the Xn, N2, N3, and N6 interfaces, please refer to the descriptions in relevant technical documents; they will not be elaborated upon here.

[0166] As shown in Figure 4, the IAB architecture relies on a separate CU-DU architecture, resulting in high implementation complexity. If the IAB architecture is directly adopted in satellite scenarios, frequent handovers between CU and DU will complicate mobility management and impact communication efficiency, especially in low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite scenarios. Furthermore, in multi-hop satellite scenarios, the latency (<5ms) of the F1 interface is difficult to guarantee, further affecting communication efficiency. While the WAB architecture is relatively simpler to implement and deploy than the IAB architecture, its direct adoption in satellite scenarios, particularly in multi-hop scenarios, can lead to tunnel-within-tunnel situations in PDU sessions from BH-gNB to BH-5GC, resulting in extremely high complexity and overhead, further impacting communication efficiency.

[0167] In view of this, this application proposes a communication method and a communication device. The technical solution proposed in this application dynamically configures the functions of each node in the network (e.g., terrestrial network equipment or non-terrestrial network equipment) through core network equipment to adapt to different non-terrestrial communication scenarios, thereby improving communication efficiency.

[0168] It is understood that the IAB node and IAB host described in Figure 4(a) and the WAB node described in Figure 4(b) are merely examples of names. It is also understood that as the network architecture changes or evolves, the IAB node, IAB host, and WAB node may have other names, which do not constitute a limitation of this application. In the following text, this application uses IAB node as an example of a name to represent a node with DU and MT1 functions, IAB host as an example of a name to represent a node with DU and CU functions, and WAB node as an example of a name to represent a node with DU, CU, and MT2 functions.

[0169] For example, taking NTN communication as a satellite communication example, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a satellite communication system using an access and backhaul network architecture provided in this application. As shown in Figure 5, the satellite communication system 500 includes non-terrestrial network equipment, terrestrial network equipment, and UE.

[0170] In this application, non-terrestrial network devices in the network are also referred to as NTN nodes, and terrestrial network devices in the network are also referred to as TN nodes (terrestrial network, TN). However, it should be understood that NTN node and TN node are merely examples of names and do not constitute a limitation of this application. For example, an NTN node can also be called an NTN device, and a TN node can also be called a TN device.

[0171] Understandably, in this application, the satellite communication system employing an access and backhaul network architecture has two types of communication links: an access link and a backhaul link. The access link is also called an Access link, and the backhaul link is also called a Backhaul link. Specifically, if a network device (node) has a UE as a child node, the radio link between that node and its child node (i.e., the UE) is called an Access link. Conversely, if a network device has other nodes as child nodes, the radio link between that network device and its child nodes (i.e., other network devices) is called a radio backhaul link.

[0172] Taking Figure 5 as an example, the communication link between UE1 and TN node 1 is an access link, and the communication link between TN node 1 and NTN node 1 is a backhaul link. The communication link between UE2 and TN node 2 is an access link, and the communication link between TN node 2 and NTN node 2 is a backhaul link. The communication link between UE3 and NTN node 1 is an access link.

[0173] It should be noted that Figure 5 is only an example using 3 NTN nodes and 3 TN nodes. This application does not limit the number of NTN nodes or TN nodes in its embodiments.

[0174] Additionally, it should be noted that the embodiments of this application do not restrict the location of the core network equipment in satellite communication systems employing access and backhaul network architectures. For example, the core network equipment can be located on the ground, in the air, or have some functions in the air and another part on the ground.

[0175] For example, in the scenario shown in Figure 6, NTN node 1, NTN node 2, and NTN node 3 have the function of IAB nodes. As shown in Figure 6, the core network device can configure TN node 1 and TN node 2 as IAB Donors.

[0176] In this configuration, as shown in Figure 6, initially, UE1 and UE2 access TN Node 1 (acting as the IAB Donor) via the access link between UE1 and NTN Node 2, and the backhaul link between NTN Node 2 and TN Node 1, thus accessing the core network through TN Node 1. As NTN Node 2 moves from left to right, it switches its connection to TN Node 2 (acting as the IAB Donor). At this point, UE1 and UE2 access TN Node 2 (acting as the IAB Donor) via the access link between UE1 and NTN Node 2, and the backhaul link between NTN Node 2 and TN Node 2, thus accessing the core network through TN Node 2.

[0177] In this application, configuring a node as an IAB node can also be understood as configuring the function of that node as an IAB node. Similarly, configuring a node as an IAB Donor can be understood as configuring the function of that node as an IAB Donor, which will not be elaborated further below.

[0178] It should be noted that the scenario shown in Figure 6 is only an example. For example, the scenario shown in Figure 6 may also include more NTN nodes and / or TN nodes.

[0179] For example, in the scenario shown in Figure 7, NTN node 2 and NTN node 4 have the function of IAB nodes. Then, as shown in Figure 7, the core network device can configure NTN node 1 and NTN node 3 as IAB Donors.

[0180] In this configuration, as shown in Figure 7, initially, UE1 / UE2 accesses NTN Node 3 (acting as the IAB Donor) via the access link between UE1 and NTN Node 2, and the backhaul link between NTN Node 2 and NTN Node 3, thus accessing the core network through NTN Node 3. As NTN Node 2 moves from right to left, it switches its connection to NTN Node 1 (acting as the IAB Donor). At this point, UE1 / UE2 accesses NTN Node 1 (the IAB Donor) via the access link between UE1 and NTN Node 2, and the backhaul link between NTN Node 2 and NTN Node 1, thus accessing the core network through NTN Node 1.

[0181] Similarly, it should be noted that the scenario shown in Figure 7 is only an example. For example, the scenario shown in Figure 7 may also include more NTN nodes and / or TN nodes.

[0182] For example, in the scenario shown in Figure 8, NTN node 2 and NTN node 3 have the function of IAB nodes. Then, as shown in Figure 8, the core network device can configure TN node 1 and NTN node 3 as IAB Donors.

[0183] In this configuration, as shown in Figure 8, initially, UE1 / UE2 accesses TN node 1 (acting as the IAB Donor) via the access link between UE1 and NTN node 2, and the backhaul link between NTN node 2 and TN node 1, thus accessing the core network through TN node 1. As NTN node 2 moves from left to right, it switches to connect to NTN node 3 (acting as the IAB Donor). At this point, UE1 / UE2 accesses NTN node 3 (the IAB Donor) via the access link between UE1 and NTN node 2, and the backhaul link between NTN node 2 and NTN node 3, thus accessing the core network through NTN node 3.

[0184] Similarly, it should be noted that the scenario shown in Figure 8 is only an example. For example, the scenario shown in Figure 8 may also include more NTN nodes and / or TN nodes.

[0185] The above examples, using the IAB architecture as an example, illustrate several dynamic configuration scenarios based on different communication scenarios. However, it should be understood that these are merely examples and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of this application.

[0186] Next, we will use the WAB architecture as an example to illustrate this further, referring to Figures 9 and 10.

[0187] For example, in the scenario shown in Figure 9, TN node 1 and TN node 2 can be configured as WAB nodes. In this example, after TN node 1 is configured as a WAB node, TN node is also called WAB node 1, and after TN node 2 is configured as a WAB node, TN node 2 is also called WAB node 2.

[0188] As the concept of WAB nodes mentioned earlier suggests, a WAB node carries the functions of both WAB-MT1 and WAB-gNB. For example, WAB node 1 includes WAB-MT1 and WAB-gNB1, and WAB node 2 includes WAB-MT2 and WAB-gNB2.

[0189] In this configuration, as shown in Figure 9, for TN node 1, it serves the UEs within its coverage area (UE1 in the figure) through WAB-gNB1, and connects to the NTN gNB via WAB-MT1 and ultimately to the core network, thereby providing services to UE1. For TN node 2, it serves the UEs within its coverage area (UE2 in the figure) through WAB-gNB2, and connects to the NTN gNB via WAB-MT2 and ultimately to the core network, thereby providing services to UE2.

[0190] Optionally, in this scenario, the NTN node can also connect to other base stations (such as terrestrial base stations or non-terrestrial base stations).

[0191] Similarly, it should be noted that the scenario shown in Figure 9 is only an example. For example, the scenario shown in Figure 9 may also include more NTN nodes and / or TN nodes.

[0192] For example, in the scenario shown in Figure 10, NTN node 1 can be configured as a WAB node. Similarly, as the concept of a WAB node mentioned above suggests, a WAB node carries both WAB-MT and WAB-gNB functions.

[0193] As shown in Figure 10, in this configuration, NTN node 1 serves the UEs (UE1 and UE2 in the figure) within its coverage area through its included WAB-gNB, and connects to the NTN gNB or TN gNB through its included WAB-MT and finally connects to the core network to provide services for UE1 and UE2.

[0194] Similarly, it should be noted that the scenario shown in Figure 10 is only an example. For example, the scenario shown in Figure 10 may also include more NTN nodes and / or TN nodes.

[0195] The communication method provided in this application will now be described in detail with reference to Figure 11. As shown in Figure 11, the method includes:

[0196] S1101, the core network device sends first information to the first node in the network, and the first node receives the first information accordingly; the first information is used to configure the first function set of the first node, and the first function set includes one or more of the following functions: network side unit function, MT1 function, MT2 function, MT1 function includes the MT function in the IAB node, and MT2 function includes the MT function in the WAB node.

[0197] The aforementioned network can be considered a network used for terminal device access. This network includes non-terrestrial network equipment and / or terrestrial network equipment. Non-terrestrial network equipment can be, for example, satellites.

[0198] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] The aforementioned first node is either a non-terrestrial network device or a terrestrial network device. As mentioned above, non-terrestrial network devices are also called NTN nodes in the network, and terrestrial network devices are also called TN nodes. That is, the aforementioned first node is either an NTN node or a TN node in the network.

[0199] In this application, the core network device can send first information to the first node, the first information being used to configure the first node's first function set. Alternatively, the first information being used to configure the first node's first function set can be replaced with: the first information being used to indicate the first node's first function set.

[0200] In this application, the first functional set includes one or more of the following functions: network-side unit function, MT1 function, and MT2 function.

[0201] For example, the network-side unit function can be any of the following: DU function, CU function, CU function, and DU function. Understandably, CU and DU functions can also be replaced by gNB functions. That is, gNB functions include both CU and DU functions.

[0202] In this application, the functional division of DU and CU can be implemented in different ways.

[0203] For example, in one implementation, as shown in Figure 12, the left side of the black dashed line can represent the CU function, and the right side of the black dashed line can represent the DU function.

[0204] For example, taking option 1 in Figure 12 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the function of the radio resource control (RRC) layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of the packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, radio link control (RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer, physical (PHY) layer, and radio frequency (RF) layer.

[0205] For example, taking option 2 in Figure 12 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer and PDCP layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of RLC layer, MAC layer, PHY layer and RF.

[0206] For example, taking option 3 in Figure 12 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer, PDCP layer and RLC, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of MAC layer, PHY layer and RF.

[0207] For example, taking option 4 in Figure 12 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer and MAC layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of PHY layer and RF.

[0208] For example, taking option 5 in Figure 12 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer, PDCP layer, RLC layer, MAC layer and PHY layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the function of RF.

[0209] In another implementation, the RLC layer, MAC layer, and PHY layer can be further divided based on Figure 12. For example, as shown in Figure 13, the RLC layer can be further divided into High-RLC and Low-RLC, the MAC layer into High-MAC and Low-MAC, and the PHY layer into High-PHY and Low-PHY. As shown in Figure 13, the left side of the black dashed line can represent the CU function, and the right side of the black dashed line can represent the DU function.

[0210] For example, taking option 1 in Figure 13 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the function of the RRC layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of the PDCP layer, High-RLC layer, Low-RLC layer, High-MAC layer, Low-MAC layer, High-PHY layer, Low-PHY layer and RF.

[0211] For example, taking option 2 in Figure 13 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer and PDCP layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of High-RLC layer, Low-RLC layer, High-MAC layer, Low-MAC layer, High-PHY layer, Low-PHY layer and RF.

[0212] For example, taking option 3 in Figure 13 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer, PDCP layer and High-RLC layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of Low-RLC layer, High-MAC layer, Low-MAC layer, High-PHY layer, Low-PHY layer and RF.

[0213] For example, taking option 4 in Figure 13 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer, PDCP layer, High-RLC layer and Low-RLC layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of High-MAC layer, Low-MAC layer, High-PHY layer, Low-PHY layer and RF.

[0214] For example, taking option 5 in Figure 13 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer, PDCP layer, High-RLC layer, Low-RLC layer and High-MAC layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of Low-MAC layer, High-PHY layer, Low-PHY layer and RF.

[0215] For example, taking option 6 in Figure 13 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer, PDCP layer, High-RLC layer, Low-RLC layer, High-MAC layer and Low-MAC layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of High-PHY layer, Low-PHY layer and RF.

[0216] For example, taking option 7 in Figure 13 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer, PDCP layer, High-RLC layer, Low-RLC layer, High-MAC layer, Low-MAC layer and High-PHY layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the functions of Low-PHY layer and RF.

[0217] For example, taking option 8 in Figure 13 as an example, the function of CU corresponds to the functions of RRC layer, PDCP, High-RLC layer, Low-RLC layer, High-MAC layer, Low-MAC layer, High-PHY layer and Low-PHY layer, and the function of DU corresponds to the function of RF.

[0218] Optionally, the DU function can be deployed on NTN nodes, while the CU function can be deployed in core network equipment or other non-terrestrial network equipment.

[0219] In this application, the MT1 function includes the function of the MT in the IAB node, and the MT2 function includes the function of the MT in the WAB.

[0220] For example, MT1 functionality includes the functions of the PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, and backhaul adaptation protocol (BAP) layer. MT2 functionality includes the functions of the PHY layer, MAC layer, RLC layer, PDCP layer, and SDAP / RRC layer. Among them:

[0221] The SDAP layer is primarily responsible for mapping Quality of Service (QoS) data to the data radio bearer (DRB). The RRC layer is primarily responsible for control plane procedures related to the radio access network. The PDCP layer is primarily responsible for IP header compression, encryption, and integrity protection. The BAP layer is responsible for packet routing (L2 routing) and bearer mapping in the network. The RLC layer is primarily responsible for data segmentation and reassembly. The MAC layer is primarily responsible for logical channel multiplexing, hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) retransmission, and scheduling-related functions. The PHY layer is primarily responsible for encoding, decoding, modulation, demodulation, and multi-antenna mapping.

[0222] For a more detailed description of the processing performed by the SDAP layer, RRC layer, PDCP layer, BAP layer, RLC layer, and PHY layer, please refer to the descriptions in the relevant technologies, which will not be repeated here.

[0223] S1102, the first node enables the functions in the first function set.

[0224] In this application, after the first node receives the first information, it obtains a first set of functions based on the first information and enables the functions in the first set of functions. "Enable" can also be replaced with "configure," "start," "generate," etc.

[0225] Understandably, in this application, the core network equipment can configure a first set of functions to the first node based on the communication scenario. For example, for an NTN or TN node, the first set of functions configured by the core network equipment may be different in different scenarios. That is, it can be considered that the core network equipment can dynamically configure the functions of NTN or TN nodes in the network.

[0226] For example, in the scenario shown in Figure 14(a), there is a link between TN node 1 and NTN node 1, a link between NTN node 1 and NTN node 2, NTN node 2 is connected to the ground station, and the ground station is connected to the core network equipment.

[0227] As shown in Figure 14(b), the core network equipment can be configured with the following function sets for TN node 1: DU and MT1 functions; and for NTN node 2: CU, DU, and MT2 functions. Correspondingly, TN node 1 is configured with DU and MT1 functions, NTN node 2 is configured with CU, DU, and MT2 functions.

[0228] In this configuration, TN node 1 and NTN node 1 can be considered as IAB nodes, and NTN node 2 can be considered as both an IAB host and a WAB node.

[0229] In this configuration, as shown in Figure 14, for UE1, access to the ground station and ultimately to the core network is achieved through the access link between UE1 and TN node 1, the backhaul link between TN node 1 and NTN node 1, the backhaul link between NTN node 1 and NTN node 2, and the backhaul link between NTN node 2 and the ground station. For UE2, access to the ground station and ultimately to the core network is achieved through the access link between UE2 and NTN node 1, the backhaul link between NTN node 1 and NTN node 2, and the backhaul link between NTN node 2 and the ground station.

[0230] For example, in the network scenario shown in Figure 15(a), there is a link between TN node 1 and NTN node 1, and a link between NTN node 1 and TN node 2. TN node 2 is connected to the core network equipment.

[0231] As shown in Figure 15(b), the core network equipment can be configured with the following function sets for TN node 1: gNB and MT2 functions; for NTN node 1: DU and MT1 functions; and for TN node 2: CU and DU functions. Correspondingly, TN node 1 is configured with gNB and MT2 functions, NTN node 1 with DU and MT1 functions, and TN node 2 with CU and DU functions.

[0232] In this configuration, TN node 1 can be considered as a WAB node, NTN node 1 can be considered as an IAB node, and TN node 2 can be considered as an IAB host.

[0233] In this configuration, as shown in Figure 15, UE1 accesses TN node 2 via the access link between UE1 and TN node 1, the backhaul link between TN node 1 and NTN node 1, and the backhaul link between NTN node 1 and TN node 2, and ultimately connects to the core network. Similarly, UE2 accesses TN node 2 via the access link between UE2 and NTN node 1, the backhaul link between NTN node 1 and TN node 2, and ultimately connects to the core network.

[0234] Referring to Figures 16 and 17, taking UE1 as an example, the protocol stacks of the control plane (CP) and user plane (UP) under the configuration of Figure 15 are schematically shown. Figure 16 shows the protocol stack of the control plane under the configuration of Figure 15, and Figure 17 shows the protocol stack of the user plane under the configuration of Figure 15.

[0235] For the control plane, as shown in Figure 16, the WAB-gNB in ​​TN node 1 and UE1 have equivalent RRC, PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY layers. NTN node 1 and the WAB-MT in TN node 1 have equivalent RLC, MAC, and PHY layers, as do NTN node 1 and TN node 2. TN node 2 and the WAB-MT in TN node 1 have equivalent SDAP and PDCP layers. TN node 2 and the UPF in the core network equipment have equivalent GTP-U, UDP, IP, and L1 / L2 layers. A peer-to-peer IP layer is established between the UPF in the core network equipment and the WAB-MT in TN node 1. A peer-to-peer IP layer and L1 / L2 layer are established between the UPF in the core network equipment and the AMF of UE1. A peer-to-peer NAS layer is established between the AMF of UE1 and the UE. A peer-to-peer NG-AP layer and SCTP layer are established between the AMF of UE1 and the WAB-gNB in ​​TN node 1.

[0236] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] For the user plane, as shown in Figure 17, the WAB-gNB in ​​TN node 1 and UE1 have equivalent SDAP, PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY layers. The NTN node 1 and the WAB-MT in TN node 1 have equivalent RLC, MAC, and PHY layers, as do the NTN node 1 and TN node 2. The TN node 2 and the WAB-MT in TN node 1 have equivalent SDAP and PDCP layers. The TN node 2 and the UPF in the core network equipment have equivalent GTP-U, UDP, IP, and L1 / L2 layers. The UPF in the core network equipment and the WAB-MT in TN node 1 have equivalent IP layers. The UPF in the core network equipment and the AMF of UE1 have equivalent IP and L1 / L2 layers. A peer-to-peer IP layer is established between UE1's AMF and the UE. A peer-to-peer GTP-U and UDP layers are established between UE1's AMF and the WAB-gNB in ​​TN node 1. This configuration leverages the advantages of IAB for multi-hop transmission and the ease of deployment and design of the WAB architecture, while avoiding the nested tunneling problem in multi-hop scenarios, thus improving communication efficiency.

[0237] For example, in the network scenario shown in Figure 18(a), there is a link between TN node 1 and NTN node 1, and a link between NTN node 1 and TN node 2. TN node 2 is connected to the core network equipment.

[0238] As shown in Figure 18(b), the core network equipment can be configured with the following function sets for TN node 1: gNB function (CU function + DU function) and MT2 function; and for NTN node 1: gNB function, UPF, and MT1 function to avoid tunnel-within-tunnel situations. The function set for TN node 2 can be configured with gNB function and UPF. Correspondingly, TN node 1 is configured with gNB and MT2 functions, NTN node 1 is configured with gNB, UPF, and MT1 functions, and TN node 2 is configured with gNB and UPF.

[0239] In this configuration, TN node 1 can be considered as a WAB node, and TN node 2 can be considered as an IAB host with UPF.

[0240] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] Based on the method provided in the embodiment of Figure 11, the core network device can configure different function sets for each node (network device) in the network. For example, the core network device can configure different function sets for the first node in different non-terrestrial communication (e.g., satellite communication) scenarios. In other words, based on the method provided in the embodiment of Figure 11, the core network device can flexibly configure nodes in the network. For example, it can flexibly configure different function sets for the first node according to the needs of the communication scenario, so that the first node has access / backhaul functions to realize non-terrestrial communication, thereby improving communication efficiency and reducing deployment costs.

[0241] Optionally, the first information is carried in the first message, and the first message also includes second information, which is used to indicate the valid time period associated with the first function set; correspondingly, the first node starts the functions in the first function set, including: the first node starts the functions in the first function set during the valid time period.

[0242] Optionally, the first information is carried in the first message, which also includes indication information for indicating the location area associated with the first function set; correspondingly, the first node activating the function in the first function set includes: the first node activating the function in the first function set in the aforementioned location area.

[0243] Optionally, before the core network device shown in Figure 11 sends the first information to the first node, the first node may first report its own capability information to the core network device. The capability information indicates the set of functions requested by the first node, and the requested set of functions may be one or more of the following:

[0244] The DU function and MT1 function constitute a set of functions;

[0245] The functional set consisting of DU and CU functions;

[0246] The set of functions consisting of DU, CU, and MT2 functions;

[0247] A set of functions consisting of dual DU function, CU function, MT1 function, and MT2 function;

[0248] The function set consists of DU function, dual CU function and MT2 function;

[0249] The set of functions consists of CU function, DU function, UPF, and MT1 function.

[0250] Understandably, the set of functions consisting of the DU function, CU function, and MT2 function can also be interpreted as the set of functions consisting of the gNB function and MT2 function.

[0251] Understandably, the set of functions consisting of the CU function, DU function, UPF, and MT1 function can also be interpreted as the set of functions consisting of the gNB function, UPF, and MT1 function.

[0252] For example, capability information can be reported via RRC messages, MAC control element (CE), uplink control information (UCI), physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH).

[0253] For example, "capability information indicates the set of functions requested by the first node" can be replaced with "capability information indicates the set of functions supported by the first node".

[0254] In one implementation, the capability information may include a pattern field, where there is a correspondence between the patterns in the pattern field and the set of functions.

[0255] For example, when the pattern in the pattern field is IAB node pattern, it indicates a request for a set of functions consisting of DU and MT1 functions.

[0256] For example, when the pattern in the pattern field is IAB donor pattern, it indicates that the request consists of a set of functions including DU and CU functions.

[0257] For example, when the mode in the mode field is WAB node mode, it indicates that a set of functions consisting of gNB function and MT2 function is requested.

[0258] For example, when the mode in the mode field is Joint IAB node / WAB node mode, it indicates a request for a set of functions consisting of dual DU function, CU function, MT1 function, and MT2 function.

[0259] For example, when the pattern in the pattern field is Joint IAB donor / WAB node mode, it indicates a request for a set of functions consisting of DU function, dual CU function, and MT2 function.

[0260] For example, when the mode in the mode field is a new mode (custom mode), it indicates a request for a set of functions consisting of gNB functions, core network functions, and MT1 functions. Core network functions can be, for example, at least one of the following: UPF, access and mobility management function (AMF), session management function (SMF), policy control function (PCF), unified data management function (UDM), and authentication server function (AUSF).

[0261] Understandably, the first node indicates the set of functions requested by reporting capability information to the core network equipment, which can help the core network equipment determine the first set of functions to be configured for the first node.

[0262] For example, in one instance, after the core network device receives the capability information reported by the first node, it sends back an acknowledgment (ACK) and configures the first function set to the first node. This first function set is included in the function set requested by the first node.

[0263] For example, in another example, after receiving the capability information reported by the first node, the core network device sends a negative acknowledgement (NACK) response and configures a first function set for the first node. This configured first function set is not included in the function set requested by the first node's capability information. Optionally, in this example, the core network device may also indicate the mode corresponding to the first function set to the first node. Optionally, the core network device may also send third information to the first node, which indicates the triggering conditions for the first node to enable the functions in the first function set. Correspondingly, enabling the functions in the first function set by the first node includes: enabling the functions in the first function set when the triggering conditions are met. That is, the first node will only configure the functions in the first function set when the triggering conditions are met.

[0264] [Correction based on Rule 91, 12.05.2026] For example, the third information is carried in the first message mentioned above.

[0265] For example, the triggering conditions include one or more of the following: triggering condition 1, triggering condition 2, triggering condition 3.

[0266] Among them, trigger condition 1 is: the elevation angle between the first node and the reference position is greater than the preset threshold or the distance between the position of the first node and the reference position is less than the preset threshold;

[0267] Among them, trigger condition 2 is: the clock of the first node is within a preset time period;

[0268] Among them, trigger condition 3 is: the time delay between the first node and the reference node is less than the preset threshold.

[0269] For example, the core network device can configure multiple function sets and corresponding trigger conditions for each function set to the first node. The first function set is contained in the multiple function sets. Correspondingly, when the trigger condition corresponding to a certain function set is met, the first node configures / enables / enables that function set.

[0270] This section describes an example of configuring the first node based on trigger conditions, using the scenario shown in Figure 19 and Table 1. As shown in Figure 19:

[0271] At time 1, the coverage area of ​​NTN node 1 includes UE1 and UE2. UE1 accesses NTN node 1 through TN node 1, and UE2 accesses NTN node 1 directly. NTN node 1 satisfies trigger condition 2, and TN node 1 satisfies trigger condition 3. Therefore, NTN node 1 and TN node 1 are configured as IAB nodes, meaning that the function set configured for NTN node 1 and TN node 1 includes DU function + MT1 function.

[0272] At time 2, there is a backhaul link between NTN node 1 and TN node 1, as well as a backhaul link with the ground station, and the ground station is connected to the core network. NTN node 1 satisfies both triggering condition 1 and triggering condition 3, and TN node 1 satisfies triggering condition 2. Therefore, NTN node 1 is configured with the Joint NTN IAB donor and WAB function, and TN node 1 is configured with the gNB function. That is, the function set configured by NTN node 1 includes dual DU function + CU function + MT1 function + MT2 function, and the function set configured by NTN node 1 includes DU function + CU function.

[0273] At time 3, the coverage area of ​​NTN node 1 includes UE3 and UE4. UE4 accesses NTN node 1 through TN node 1, and UE3 directly accesses NTN node 1. NTN node 1 is connected to the ground station. NTN node 1 meets trigger condition 1. If NTN node 1 meets trigger condition 1, then NTN node 1 is configured with gNB function and TN node 1 is configured with WAB node function. That is, the function set configured by NTN node 1 includes DU function + CU function, and the function set configured by TN node 1 includes DU function + CU function + MT2 function.

[0274] Table 1

[0275] Optionally, the core network device may also send a fourth message to the first node, which is used to indicate that the first function set is updated to the second function set.

[0276] For example, the fourth piece of information includes at least one function and the configuration status corresponding to each function, wherein the configuration status is any one of the following:

[0277] New addition;

[0278] Release / delete;

[0279] Partial release: Releasing only a portion of the functionality, for example, partially releasing the MT2 function and configuring it as the MT1 function after adding the BAP function.

[0280] Suspend / Inactive: The function is temporarily suspended and activated upon instruction;

[0281] Conditional suspend: The function is temporarily suspended and will take effect or be deleted after the conditions are met.

[0282] For example, if the core network device configures at least one function to the first node that is a function in the fourth function set, then the configuration of at least one function by the core network device to the first node and the configuration status corresponding to the at least one function can also be replaced by: the core network device configures the fourth function set to the first node and the configuration status corresponding to the fourth function set.

[0283] In other words, under this implementation, the core network device will configure at least one function and the configuration status corresponding to at least one function to the first node. Correspondingly, the first node updates the first function set to the second function set based on the functions in the currently enabled first function set and the at least one function configured in the fourth information and the configuration status corresponding to at least one function.

[0284] [Revised according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] It is understood that at least one function included in the fourth information above includes functions in the first function set and functions in the second function set that are added compared to the first function set.

[0285] For example, in one scenario, the first node enables the DU and MT1 functions. Then, the core network device sends fourth information configuring a fourth function set and the corresponding configuration status of the functions within that set. This fourth function set includes the DU, CU, and MT2 functions, with the DU, CU, and MT2 functions respectively displaying the statuses of "New Added," "New Added," and "New Added." Therefore, the functions configured by the first node will include: DU and MT1 functions, or DU, CU, and MT2 functions. In other words, the updated function set obtained by the first node includes dual DU, CU, MT1, and MT2 functions.

[0286] For example, in one instance, the first node enables the DU function and the MT1 function. Then, the core network device sends fourth information to configure the fourth function set and the configuration status of the functions in the fourth function set. The fourth function set includes the MT1 function and the CU function, and the states of the MT1 function and the CU function are respectively "released" and "newly added". Therefore, the functions configured by the first node include the DU function and the CU function. That is, the function set obtained after the first node is updated includes the DU function and the CU function.

[0287] For example, in one scenario, the first node enables the DU, CU, and MT2 functions. Then, the core network device sends fourth information configuring a fourth set of functions and the corresponding configuration states for those functions. This fourth set includes MT2, BAP, and CU functions. Specifically, the MT2 function's configuration state is "partially released" and can be configured as MT1 after adding BAP; the BAP function's configuration state is "newly added"; and the CU function's configuration state is "released." Therefore, the functions configured by the first node will include DU and MT1 functions; that is, the updated function set obtained by the first node includes both DU and MT1 functions.

[0288] For example, in one scenario, the first node is configured with CU, MT1, and MT2 functions. Then, the core network device sends fourth information configuring a fourth set of functions and the corresponding configuration states for the functions within that set. This fourth set includes DU, CU, and MT2 functions, with the DU function configured as "addition," the CU function as "release / delete," and the MT2 function as "Suspend / Inactive." Therefore, the functions configured by the first node will then include DU, MT1, and MT2. In other words, the updated function set obtained by the first node includes DU, MT1, and MT2, with the MT2 function in a "Suspend / Inactive" state.

[0289] [Corrected according to Rule 91 12.05.2026] Optionally, the first node in this application embodiment has network-side unit function, and the first node is the source service node of the second node. The method further includes: when the second node switches from the first node to the third node in the network, the first node sends the indication information of the first function set to the third node; correspondingly, the third node configures the first function set.

[0290] Understandably, the aforementioned switch of the second node from the first node to the third node in the network means that the node connected to the second node changes from the first node to the third node. In other words, the node serving the second node changes from the first node to the third node.

[0291] In other words, in this implementation, the network-side units can interactively configure a set of functions.

[0292] For example, referring to Figure 20, the network includes TN node 1, NTN node 2, and NTN node 3. TN node 1 is configured with a function set including DU function + MT1 function, and NTN node 3 is also configured with a function set including DU function + MT1 function. That is, NTN node 1 and TN node 2 are configured as IAB nodes. As shown in Figure 20, when the node connected to TN node 1 changes from NTN node 1 to NTN node 2, NTN node 1 can send an indication message to NTN node 2 to indicate that NTN node 1 has configured CU function + DU function. Correspondingly, after receiving the indication message, NTN node 2 configures CU function + DU function.

[0293] [Corrected according to Rule 91 12.05.2026] Optionally, the first node in the embodiments of this application has MT1 function and / or MT2 function, and the method further includes: when the first node switches from the fourth node to the fifth node in the network, receiving indication information of the third function set of the fifth node sent by the fifth node.

[0294] Similarly, when the first node switches from the fourth node to the fifth node in the network, it means that the node connected to the first node changes from the fourth node to the fifth node. In other words, the node serving the first node changes from the fourth node to the fifth node.

[0295] For example, referring to Figure 21, the network includes TN node 1, NTN node 1, and NTN node 2. TN node 1 is configured with a function set including DU function + MT1 function, NTN node 1 is configured with a function set including DU function + MT1 function, and NTN node 2 is configured with a function set including CU function + DU function + MT2 function. That is, NTN node 1 and TN node 1 are configured as IAB nodes, and NTN node 2 is configured as a WAB node. As shown in Figure 21(a), when the node connected to TN node 1 changes from NTN node 1 to NTN node 2, NTN node 2 can send an indication message to TN node 1 to indicate that the function set configured by NTN node 2 includes CU function + DU function + MT2 function. Correspondingly, after receiving the indication message, NTN node 2 configures the CU function + DU function + MT2 function.

[0296] The communication method of the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above. The apparatus provided by the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to FIG22 and FIG23.

[0297] Figure 22 is a structural schematic diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Specifically, as shown in Figure 22, the device 2200 includes: a receiving module 2201 and a processing module 2202.

[0298] For example, in an embodiment of the first device, device 2200 is applied to a first node. For example, the first node is a non-terrestrial network device or a terrestrial network device.

[0299] Specifically, the transceiver module 2201 is used to receive first information, which is used to configure a first set of functions of the first node. The first set of functions includes one or more of the following functions: network side unit function, MT1 function, and MT2 function. The MT1 function includes the MT function in the IAB node, and the MT2 function includes the MT function in the WAB node. The processing module 2202 is used to enable the functions in the first set of functions.

[0300] In one possible design, the network-side unit function can be any of the following: DU function, CU function, CU function, and DU function.

[0301] In one possible design, the first information is carried in the first message, and the first message also includes second information, which is used to indicate the effective time period associated with the first set of functions;

[0302] The processing module 2202 is specifically used to: enable the functions in the first set of functions during the effective time period.

[0303] In one possible design, the transceiver module 2201 is further configured to: send capability information to the core network equipment, the capability information indicating the set of functions requested by the first node, the requested set of functions being one or more of the following:

[0304] The DU function and MT1 function constitute a set of functions;

[0305] The functional set consisting of DU and CU functions;

[0306] The set of functions consisting of DU, CU, and MT2 functions;

[0307] A set of functions consisting of dual DU function, CU function, MT1 function, and MT2 function;

[0308] The function set consists of DU function, dual CU function and MT2 function;

[0309] The core network function consists of the CU function, DU function, core network function, and MT1 function.

[0310] In one possible design, the transceiver module 2201 is further configured to: receive third information from the core network device, the third information being used to indicate the triggering conditions for the first node to enable the functions in the first function set; the processing module 2202 is specifically configured to: enable the functions in the first function set when the triggering conditions are met.

[0311] In one possible design, the triggering conditions include one or more of the following: the elevation angle between the first node and the reference position is greater than a preset threshold, the distance between the first node and the reference position is less than a preset threshold, the clock of the first node is within a preset time period, and the time delay between the first node and the reference node is less than a preset threshold.

[0312] In one possible design, the transceiver module 2201 is also used to: receive fourth information from the core network device, the fourth information being used to indicate that the first function set is updated to the second function set.

[0313] In one possible design, the fourth information includes at least one function and the configuration state corresponding to each function. The configuration state is any one of the following: newly added, released or deleted, partial release of functions, function temporarily suspended and activated according to instructions, function temporarily suspended and activated or deleted after meeting conditions; wherein at least one function includes functions in the first function set and functions added to the second function set compared to the first function set.

[0314] In one possible design, the first node has network-side unit functionality and is the source service node for the second node. The transceiver module 2201 is also used to send instruction information of the first function set to the third node when the second node switches from the first node to the third node in the network.

[0315] In one possible design, the first node has MT1 and / or MT2 functions, and the transceiver module 2201 is also used to: receive indication information of the third function set of the fifth node sent by the fifth node when the first node switches from the fourth node to the fifth node in the network.

[0316] For example, in an embodiment of the second device, device 2200 is applied to a core network device.

[0317] Specifically, the transceiver module 2201 is used to: send first information to a first node in the network. The first information is used to configure a first set of functions of the first node. The first set of functions includes one or more of the following functions: network side unit function, MT1 function, and MT2 function. The MT1 function includes the MT function in the IAB node, and the MT2 function includes the MT function in the WAB node. The first node is a non-terrestrial network device or a terrestrial network device.

[0318] In one possible design, the network-side unit function can be any of the following: DU function, CU function, CU function, and DU function.

[0319] In one possible design, the first information is carried in a first message, which also includes second information used to indicate the valid time period associated with the first set of functions.

[0320] In one possible design, transceiver module 2201 is further configured to: receive capability information from the first node, the capability information indicating a set of functions requested by the first node, the requested set of functions being one or more of the following:

[0321] The DU function and MT1 function constitute a set of functions;

[0322] The functional set consisting of DU and CU functions;

[0323] The set of functions consisting of DU, CU, and MT2 functions;

[0324] A set of functions consisting of dual DU function, CU function, MT1 function, and MT2 function;

[0325] The function set consists of DU function, dual CU function and MT2 function;

[0326] The core network function consists of the CU function, DU function, core network function, and MT1 function.

[0327] In one possible design, the transceiver module 2201 is also used to: send third information to the first node, the third information being used to indicate the triggering conditions for the first node to enable the functions in the first function set.

[0328] In one possible design, the triggering conditions include one or more of the following: the elevation angle between the first node and the reference position is greater than a preset threshold, the distance between the first node and the reference position is less than a preset threshold, the clock of the first node is within a preset time period, and the time delay between the first node and the reference node is less than a preset threshold.

[0329] [Correction based on Rule 91 12.05.2026] In one possible design, transceiver module 2201 is further configured to: send a fourth message to the first node, the fourth message being used to indicate that the first function set is updated to the second function set.

[0330] In one possible design, the fourth information includes at least one function and the configuration state corresponding to each function. The configuration state is any one of the following: newly added, released or deleted, partial release of functions, function temporarily suspended and activated according to instructions, function temporarily suspended and activated or deleted after meeting conditions; wherein at least one function includes functions in the first function set and functions added to the second function set compared to the first function set.

[0331] [Correction based on Rule 91, 12.05.2026] Figure 23 is a structural schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The device shown in Figure 23 can be used to perform the method of any of the foregoing embodiments.

[0332] As shown in Figure 23, the device 2300 of this embodiment includes a memory 2301 and a processor 2302. In one implementation, the device 2300 further includes a communication interface 2303 and a bus 2304. The memory 2301, processor 2302, and communication interface 2303 are interconnected via the bus 2304.

[0333] The memory 2301 can be a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 2301 can store programs, and when the program stored in the memory 2301 is executed by the processor 2302, the processor 2302 is used to execute the various steps of the method shown in FIG11.

[0334] The processor 2302 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, used to execute relevant programs to implement the method shown in FIG11 of the embodiments of this application.

[0335] The processor 2302 can also be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In implementation, each step of the method in FIG11 of this application embodiment can be completed by the integrated logic circuitry in the processor 2302 or by software instructions.

[0336] The processor 2302 described above can also be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. It can implement or execute the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or a conventional processor, etc.

[0337] The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory 2301. The processor 2302 reads the information in memory 2301 and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the functions required by the units included in the device of this application. For example, it can execute the various steps / functions of the embodiment shown in FIG11.

[0338] The communication interface 2303 can use, but is not limited to, transceivers to enable communication between the device 2300 and other devices or communication networks.

[0339] Bus 2304 may include a pathway for transmitting information between various components of device 2300 (e.g., memory 2301, processor 2302, communication interface 2303).

[0340] [Correction based on Rule 91, 12.05.2026] It should be understood that the apparatus 2300 shown in the embodiments of this application can be deployed in a network device, such as the non-terrestrial network device or terrestrial network device mentioned above. Alternatively, it can also be deployed in a core network device.

[0341] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the flow or function according to the embodiments of this application is generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be a usable medium accessible to a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center containing one or more sets of usable media. The usable medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. A semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0342] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects, but it can also represent an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for a more accurate understanding.

[0343] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0344] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not limit the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0345] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0346] Those skilled in the art will understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0347] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For instance, the division of units is merely a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection of apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0348] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] The unit described as a separate component may or may not be physically separate. The component shown as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0349] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit.

[0350] [Corrected according to Rule 91, 12.05.2026] If this function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method is applied to a first node side in a network, the network comprising non-ground network equipment and / or ground network equipment, the first node being the non-ground network equipment or the ground network equipment, and the method comprising: receiving first information from a core network device, the first information being used for configuring a first function set of the first node, the first function set comprising one or more of the following functions: a network side unit function, an MT1 function, and an MT2 function, the MT1 function comprising a function of a mobile terminal (MT) in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) node, and the MT2 function comprising a function of the MT in a wireless access backhaul (WAB) node; starting the functions in the first function set.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The network side unit function is any one of a distributed unit (DU) function, a centralized unit (CU) function, a CU function, and the DU function.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first information is carried in a first message, and the first message further comprises second information used for indicating a valid time period associated with the first function set; The starting of the functions in the first function set comprises: starting the functions in the first function set during the valid time period.

4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Before the receiving of the first information, the method further comprises: sending capability information to the core network device, the capability information indicating a requested function set of the first node, the requested function set being one or more of the following: a function set composed of the DU function and the MT1 function; a function set composed of the DU function and the CU function; a function set composed of the DU function, the CU function, and the MT2 function; a function set composed of a double DU function, the CU function, the MT1 function, and the MT2 function; a function set composed of the DU function, a double CU function, and the MT2 function; a function set composed of the CU function, the DU function, a core network function, and the MT1 function.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receiving third information from the core network device, the third information being used for indicating a trigger condition for starting the functions in the first function set by the first node; The starting of the functions in the first function set comprises: starting the functions in the first set when the trigger condition is met.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, The trigger condition comprises one or more of the following: an elevation angle of the first node with respect to a reference position being greater than a preset threshold, a distance between a position of the first node and a reference position being less than a preset threshold, a clock of the first node being in a preset time period, and a time delay between the first node and a reference node being less than a preset threshold.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method further comprises: receiving fourth information from the core network device, the fourth information being used for indicating that the first function set is updated to a second function set.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein, The fourth information comprises at least one function and a configuration state corresponding to the at least one function respectively, the configuration state being any one of the following: newly added, released or deleted, a part of the function being released, the function being temporarily suspended and activated according to an indication, the function being temporarily suspended and taking effect after a condition is met or being deleted. The at least one function includes a function in the first function set and a function newly added in the second function set compared with the first function set.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first node has the network side unit function, and the first node is a source service node of a second node, and the method further comprises: When the second node switches from the first node to a third node in the network, sending indication information of the first function set to the third node.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The first node has the MT1 function and / or the MT2 function, and the method further comprises: When the first node switches from a fourth node to a fifth node in the network, receiving indication information of a third function set of the fifth node sent by the fifth node.

11. A communication method, comprising: Applied to a core network device side in a network, the network comprising a non-terrestrial network device and / or a terrestrial network device, the method comprising: Sending first information to a first node in the network, the first information being used for configuring a first function set of the first node, the first function set comprising one or more of the following functions: a network side unit function, an MT1 function, and an MT2 function, the MT1 function comprising a function of a mobile terminal (MT) in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) node, and the MT2 function comprising a function of the MT in a wireless access backhaul (WAB) node; The first node is the non-terrestrial network device or the terrestrial network device.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein, The network side unit function is any one of the following: a distributed unit (DU) function, a centralized unit (CU) function, a CU function, and a DU function.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that, The first information is carried in a first message, and the first message further comprises second information used for indicating a valid time period associated with the first function set.

14. The method of claim 12 or 13, wherein, Before sending the first information, the method further comprises: Receiving capability information from the first node, the capability information indicating a requested function set of the first node, the requested function set being one or more of the following: A function set constituted by the DU function and the MT1 function; A function set constituted by the DU function and the CU function; A function set constituted by the DU function, the CU function, and the MT2 function; A function set constituted by a double DU function, the CU function, the MT1 function, and the MT2 function; A function set constituted by the DU function, a double CU function, and the MT2 function; A function set constituted by the CU function, the DU function, a core network function, and the MT1 function.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that, The method further comprises: Sending third information to the first node, the third information being used for indicating a trigger condition for the first node to start a function in the first function set.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein, The trigger condition comprises one or more of the following: An elevation angle of the first node with respect to a reference position is greater than a preset threshold, a distance between the first node and a reference position is less than a preset threshold, a clock of the first node is in a preset time period, and a time delay between the first node and a reference node is less than a preset threshold.

17. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that, The method further comprises: The fourth information is used to indicate that the first function set is updated to a second function set.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein, The fourth information includes at least one function and a configuration state corresponding to the at least one function respectively, and the configuration state is any one of the following: newly added, released or deleted, part of the functions are released, the functions are temporarily suspended and activated according to the indication, the functions are temporarily suspended and take effect after meeting the conditions, or deleted. The at least one function includes functions in the first function set and functions newly added in the second function set compared with the first function set.

19. A communications device, characterized by Comprise: The transceiver module is used for receiving first information, and the first information is used for configuring a first function set of the first node, and the first function set includes one or more of the following functions: a network side unit function, an MT1 function, and an MT2 function, the MT1 function includes a function of a mobile terminal MT in an integrated access backhaul IAB node, and the MT2 function includes a function of the MT in a wireless access backhaul WAB node; The processing module is used for starting the functions in the first function set.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein, The network side unit function is any one of the following: a distributed unit DU function, a centralized unit CU function, and the CU function and the DU function.

21. The apparatus of claim 19 or 20, wherein, The first information is carried in a first message, and the first message further includes second information used for indicating a valid time period associated with the first function set; The processing module is specifically used for: Starting the functions in the first function set in the valid time period.

22. The apparatus of claim 20 or 21, wherein, The transceiver module is further used for: Sending capability information to the core network device, and the capability information indicates a requested function set of the first node, and the requested function set is one or more of the following: A function set composed of the DU function and the MT1 function; A function set composed of the DU function and the CU function; A function set composed of the DU function, the CU function, and the MT2 function; A function set composed of a double DU function, the CU function, the MT1 function, and the MT2 function; A function set composed of the DU function, a double CU function, and the MT2 function; A function set composed of the CU function, the DU function, a core network function, and the MT1 function.

23. The apparatus of any one of claims 19-22, wherein, The transceiver module is further used for: Receiving third information from the core network device, and the third information is used for indicating a trigger condition for the first node to start the functions in the first function set; The processing module is specifically used for: Starting the functions in the first function set when the trigger condition is met.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein, The trigger condition includes one or more of the following: An elevation angle of the first node with a reference position is greater than a preset threshold, a distance between a position of the first node and a reference position is less than a preset threshold, a clock of the first node is in a preset time period, and a time delay of the first node with a reference node is less than a preset threshold.

25. The apparatus of any one of claims 19-24, wherein, The transceiver module is further used for: Receiving fourth information from the core network device, and the fourth information is used for indicating that the first function set is updated to a second function set.

26. The apparatus of claim 25, wherein, The fourth information includes at least one function and a configuration state corresponding to the at least one function respectively, and the configuration state is any one of the following: newly added, released or deleted, releasing part of the functions, temporarily suspending and activating according to an indication, temporarily suspending and taking effect after meeting a condition, or deleting; The at least one function includes a function in the first function set and a function newly added in the second function set compared with the first function set.

27. The apparatus of any one of claims 19-24, wherein, The first node has the network side unit function, and the first node is a source service node of a second node, and the transceiver module is further configured to: When the second node is switched from the first node to a third node in the network, the transceiver module is further configured to send indication information of the first function set to the third node.

28. The apparatus of any one of claims 19-24, wherein, The first node has the MT1 function and / or the MT2 function, and the transceiver module is further configured to: When the first node is switched from a fourth node to a fifth node in the network, the transceiver module is further configured to receive indication information of a third function set of the fifth node sent by the fifth node.

29. A communications device, characterized by The computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the method of any one of claims 1-18 is implemented.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, comprising: The computer readable storage medium is used to store a program or instructions, and when the program or instructions are executed, the method of any one of claims 1-18 is implemented.

31. A computer program product, characterised in that, The computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the method of any one of claims 1-18 is implemented.

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