Novel thermolabile uracil-DNA glycosylases (UDGS) and use thereof
Novel UDGs with specific amino acid sequences are developed to be active at low temperatures and rapidly inactivated, addressing the limitations of current UDGs in PCR and isothermal amplification, improving experimental accuracy and reliability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FAPON LIFE SCIENCES INC
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-21
AI Technical Summary
Current thermolabile uracil DNA glycosylases (UDGs) do not meet the requirements for rapid inactivation at low temperatures, limiting their application in PCR and isothermal amplification processes, particularly at temperatures below 50-55°C.
Development of novel UDGs that are active at low temperatures (40-50°C) and can be rapidly inactivated within 1 to 10 minutes, with specific amino acid sequences (SEQ ID NOs: 1-17) to ensure complete inactivation.
The novel UDGs effectively prevent false-positive results in PCR and isothermal amplification by ensuring complete inactivation at low temperatures, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of molecular biology experiments.
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Figure CN2024132103_21052026_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Novel Thermolabile Uracil-DNA Glycosylases (UDGs) And Use ThereofTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of biology. Specifically, the present disclosure relates to novel thermolabile uracil DNA glycosylases (UDGs) , kit comprising same and use thereof.BACKGROUND
[0002] Uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG, which is also named as UNG) is an important biochemical tool widely used in molecular biology experiments, especially in PCR and other DNA amplification techniques. UDG catalyzes the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond between uracil bases (dU) in DNA and deoxyribose, releasing free uracil, and this activity is widely used in biotechnology, and it plays a crucial role in preventing PCR product contamination.
[0003] The optimal pH for UDG enzyme activity is 8.0, and it does not require divalent cations for activity and is not inhibited by glycerol, Mg2+, or high ionic strength (>200 mM) , thus compatible with various molecular biology reaction systems. Based on the stability of heat treatment, UDG enzymes are divided into regular and thermolabile categories. Regular UDG enzymes are usually derived from organisms that live in warm environments, such as E. coli and Bacillus subtilis, while thermolabile UDG enzymes come from organisms living in cold environments, such as cod and psychrophilic marine bacteria. Regular UDG enzymes are more heat-resistant and may retain activity after being treated at 95℃ for 10 minutes, which could lead to the degradation of PCR products containing dU bases. In contrast, thermolabile UDG enzymes are more sensitive to temperature and can be completely inactivated at 50-55℃, avoiding the issue of residual activity.
[0004] In PCR experiments, the application of UDG enzyme is combined with the use of dUTP, incorporation into DNA synthesis as an effective carryover decontamination, which is usually called as UDG+dUTP decontamination system (Figure 1) . In this system, dUTP partially or completely replaces dTTP in PCR amplification, resulting in amplicons containing dUMP. Before the start of a new PCR reaction, UDG enzyme cleaves PCR products containing uracil, resulting in abasic sites that cannot be crossed by DNA polymerases, thus preventing re-amplification of any potential uracil-containing DNA contamination in PCR products. If there is no UDG treatment, contaminating dU-containing template may be amplified, leading to false positive results. The UDG+dUTP decontamination system is valuable in molecular biology experiments, especially in those requiring high specificity and sensitivity, such as molecular diagnostic testing. By using UDG enzyme, it can reduce false-positive results in many molecular tests, improving the accuracy and reliability.
[0005] In the UDG+dUTP decontamination system described above, UDG enzyme is typically allowed to degrade dU-DNA at 25-37℃ for 10 minutes before the PCR reaction, followed by heating to 95℃ to inactivate the UDG enzyme. Inactivating the UDG enzyme at lower temperatures (<50℃) for a shorter time are beneficial to the amplification systems, especially amplification system working at lower temperatures. It is important to note that if this decontamination system is used for isothermal amplification, these two factors become even more critical, as for example, the suitable temperature range for LAMP is generally 60-65℃. Incomplete inactivation of UDG could degrade new amplification products. Therefore, using UDG that is highly active at low temperatures and rapidly inactivated below 50℃ is more suitable for isothermal amplification such as LAMP.
[0006] Currently available thermolabile UDG products have the following inactivation conditions: cod UDG (ArcticZymes, Inc. ) at 55℃ for 5 minutes, and psychrophilic marine bacteria UDG (New England BioLabs, Inc. ) at 50℃ for 5 minutes. However, the inactivation temperatures of these two UDGs do not fully meet the requirements for some applications. Thus, there is a need in the field to find UDGs that are active at low temperatures and can be rapidly inactivated, allowing for broader applications, especially for amplifications at lower temperatures.SUMMARY
[0007] Thus, the purposes of the present disclosure are to find novel UDGs that are active at low temperatures and can be rapidly inactivated, as well as to develop a use and a kit comprising the novel UDGs.
[0008] To achieve the above purpose, according to the First aspect of the disclosure, providing an uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) , wherein the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes. In some embodiments, the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃. In some embodiments, the UDG is inactivated after incubating for about 1 to 5 minutes. In some embodiments, the UDG is inactivated after incubating for about 1, 3 or 5 minutes. In some embodiments, the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 45 ℃ for about 1 to 5 minutes. In some embodiments, the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 or 45 ℃ for about 1 to 5 minutes. In some embodiments, the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 or 45 ℃for about 1 or 5 minutes.
[0009] In some embodiments, at least 80%of the UDG, at least 81%of the UDG, at least 82%of the UDG, at least 83%of the UDG, at least 84%of the UDG, at least 85%of the UDG, at least 86%of the UDG, at least 87%of the UDG, at least 88%of the UDG, at least 89%of the UDG, at least 90%of the UDG, at least 91%of the UDG, at least 92%of the UDG, at least 93%of the UDG, at least 94%of the UDG, at least 95%of the UDG, at least 96%of the UDG, at least 97%of the UDG, at least 98%of the UDG, at least 99%of the UDG, 100%of the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes.
[0010] In some embodiments, the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 ℃, about 41 ℃, about 42 ℃, about 43 ℃, about 44 ℃, about 45 ℃, about 46 ℃, about 47 ℃, about 48 ℃, about 49 ℃, about 50 ℃ for the above-mentioned time.
[0011] In some embodiments, the UDG is inactivated after incubating at the above-mentioned temperature for about 1 minutes, about 2 minutes, about 3 minutes, about 4 minutes, about 5 minutes.
[0012] In some embodiments, wherein the deactivation ratio of the UDG is at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%or 100%.
[0013] In some embodiments, the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from:
[0014] a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17;
[0015] b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17; and
[0016] c) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17.
[0017] In some embodiments, the UDG can comprise an amino acid sequence, which can have at least 90%identity, at least 90.5%identity, at least 91%identity, at least 91.5%identity, at least 92%identity, at least 92.5%identity, at least 93%identity, at least 93.5%identity, at least 94%identity, at least 94.5%identity, at least 95%identity, at least 95.5%identity, 96%identity, at least 96.5%identity, at least 97%identity, at least 97.5%identity, at least 98%identity, at least 98.5%identity, at least 99%identity, at least 99.5%identity, or 100%identity, to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17. In some embodiments, the UDG can comprise an amino acid sequence which can comprise 1 mutation, 2 mutations, 3 mutations, 4 mutations, 5 mutations, with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17. In some embodiments, the UDG can comprise an amino acid sequence, which is anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17.
[0018] In some embodiments, at least 80%of the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 45 ℃ for about 5 minutes, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from:
[0019] a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16;
[0020] b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16; and
[0021] c) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16.
[0022] In some embodiments, at least 80%of the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 45 ℃ for about 1 minute or about 40 ℃ for about 5 minutes, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from:
[0023] a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10;
[0024] b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10; and
[0025] c) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10.
[0026] In some embodiments, the UDG is for use in performing an amplification. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 70 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 50 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃.
[0027] In some embodiments, the amplification is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification. In some embodiments, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR. In some embodiments, the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) , Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification (NASBA) , Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) and Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) . In some embodiments, the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the Recombinase Polymerase Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃. In some embodiments, the Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 55 ℃. In some embodiments, the Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃. In some embodiments, the Strand Displacement Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the Helicase-Dependent Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃.
[0028] According to the Second aspect of the disclosure, providing an uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) for use in performing amplification, wherein the UDG for use in performing amplification is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes. In some embodiments, the UDG for use in performing amplification is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 5 minutes. In some embodiments, the UDG for use in performing amplification is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 45 ℃ for about 1 to 5 minutes. In some embodiments, the UDG for use in performing amplification is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 or 45 ℃ for about 1 to 5 minutes. In some embodiments, the UDG for use in performing amplification is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 or 45 ℃ for about 1 or 5 minutes.
[0029] In some embodiments, at least 80%of the UDG, at least 81%of the UDG, at least 82%of the UDG, at least 83%of the UDG, at least 84%of the UDG, at least 85%of the UDG, at least 86%of the UDG, at least 87%of the UDG, at least 88%of the UDG, at least 89%of the UDG, at least 90%of the UDG, at least 91%of the UDG, at least 92%of the UDG, at least 93%of the UDG, at least 94%of the UDG, at least 95%of the UDG, at least 96%of the UDG, at least 97%of the UDG, at least 98%of the UDG, at least 99%of the UDG, 100%of the UDG for use in performing amplification is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes.
[0030] In some embodiments, the UDG for use in performing amplification is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 ℃, about 41 ℃, about 42 ℃, about 43 ℃, about 44 ℃, about 45 ℃, about 46 ℃, about 47 ℃, about 48 ℃, about 49 ℃, about 50 ℃ for the above-mentioned time.
[0031] In some embodiments, the UDG for use in performing amplification is inactivated after incubating at the above-mentioned temperature for about 1 minutes, about 2 minutes, about 3 minutes, about 4 minutes, about 5 minutes.
[0032] In some embodiments, the UDG for use in performing amplification comprising an amino acid sequence selected from:
[0033] a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17;
[0034] b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17; and
[0035] c) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17.
[0036] In some embodiments, the UDG for use in performing amplification can comprise an amino acid sequence, which can have at least 90%identity, at least 90.5%identity, at least 91%identity, at least 91.5%identity, at least 92%identity, at least 92.5%identity, at least 93%identity, at least 93.5%identity, at least 94%identity, at least 94.5%identity, at least 95%identity, at least 95.5%identity, 96%identity, at least 96.5%identity, at least 97%identity, at least 97.5%identity, at least 98%identity, at least 98.5%identity, at least 99%identity, at least 99.5%identity, or 100%identity, to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17. In some embodiments, the UDG for use in performing amplification can comprise an amino acid sequence which can comprise 1 mutation, 2 mutations, 3 mutations, 4 mutations, 5 mutations, with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17. In some embodiments, the UDG for use in performing amplification can comprise an amino acid sequence, which is anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17.
[0037] In some embodiments, at least 80%of the UDG for use in performing amplification is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 45 ℃ for about 5 minutes, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from:
[0038] a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16;
[0039] b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16; and
[0040] c) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16.
[0041] In some embodiments, at least 80%of the UDG for use in performing amplification is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 45 ℃ for about 1 minute or about 40 ℃ for about 5 minutes, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from:
[0042] a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10;
[0043] b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10; and
[0044] c) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10.
[0045] In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 70 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 50 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃.
[0046] In some embodiments, the amplification is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification. In some embodiments, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR. In some embodiments, the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) , Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification (NASBA) , Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) and Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) . In some embodiments, the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the Recombinase Polymerase Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃. In some embodiments, the Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 55 ℃. In some embodiments, the Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃. In some embodiments, the Strand Displacement Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the Helicase-Dependent Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃.
[0047] According to the Third aspect of the disclosure, providing a reaction pre-mixture, comprising any of the uracil DNA glycosylase as mentioned above. In some embodiments, the reaction pre-mixture further comprising reaction mixture for performing amplification, wherein the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 70 ℃, more preferably the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 65 ℃, more preferably the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 50 to 65 ℃, even more preferably the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR; and the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) , Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification (NASBA) , Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) and Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) . In some embodiments, the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃, the Recombinase Polymerase Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃, the Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 55 ℃, the Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃, the Strand Displacement Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃ and the Helicase-Dependent Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃.
[0048] According to the Fourth aspect of the disclosure, providing a kit, comprising any of the reaction pre-mixture as mentioned above.
[0049] According to the Fifth aspect of the disclosure, providing a method for performing amplification, wherein the method comprising a step of eliminating system contamination before the amplification, comprising applying any of the uracil DNA glycosylase as mentioned above, wherein the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 70 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 50 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃.
[0050] In some embodiments, the amplification is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR; and the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) , Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification (NASBA) , Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) and Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) . In some embodiments, the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃, the Recombinase Polymerase Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃, the Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 55 ℃, the Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃, the Strand Displacement Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃ and the Helicase-Dependent Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃.
[0051] In some embodiments, applying the UDG comprising:
[0052] incubating the amplification system obtained in step b) at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes to inactive the UDG.
[0053] In some embodiments, adding the UDG to the amplification system such that the amount of the UDG is 0.2 to 2.0 U. For example, the amount of the UDG can be 0.2 U, 0.3U, 0.4 U, 0.5U, 0.6 U, 0.7U, 0.8 U, 0.9U, 1.0 U, 1.1 U, 1.2 U, 1.3U, 1.4 U, 1.5U, 1.6 U, 1.7U, 1.8 U, 1.9U, 2.0 U.
[0054] In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step a) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 ℃, about 26 ℃, about 27 ℃, about 28 ℃, about 29 ℃, about 30 ℃, about 31 ℃, about 32 ℃, about 33 ℃, about 34 ℃, about 35 ℃, about 36 ℃, about 37 ℃ for about 15 to 60 minutes. In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step a) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 to 37 ℃ for about 15 minutes, about 20 minutes, about 25 minutes, about 30 minutes, about 35 minutes, about 40 minutes, about 45 minutes, about 50 minutes, about 55 minutes, about 60 minutes.
[0055] In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step b) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 ℃, about 26 ℃, about 27 ℃, about 28 ℃, about 29 ℃, about 30 ℃, about 31 ℃, about 32 ℃, about 33 ℃, about 34 ℃, about 35 ℃, about 36 ℃, about 37 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes. In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step b) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 to 37 ℃ for about 1 minute, about 2 minutes, about 3 minutes, about 4 minutes, about 5 minutes, about 6 minutes, about 7 minutes, about 8 minutes, about 9 minutes, about 10 minutes.
[0056] According to the Sixth aspect of the disclosure, providing a method for analyzing the existence of a target nucleic acid, wherein the method comprising a step of eliminating system contamination before the analysis, comprising applying any of the uracil DNA glycosylase as mentioned above, wherein the analysis is performed by amplification, wherein the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 70 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 70 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 50 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃.
[0057] In some embodiments, the amplification is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR; and the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) , Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification (NASBA) , Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) and Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) . In some embodiments, the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃, the Recombinase Polymerase Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃, the Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 55 ℃, the Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃, the Strand Displacement Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃ and the Helicase-Dependent Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃.
[0058] In some embodiments, applying the UDG comprising:
[0059] incubating the amplification system obtained in step b) at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes to inactive the UDG.
[0060] In some embodiments, adding the UDG to the amplification system such that the amount of the UDG is 0.2 to 2.0 U. For example, the amount of the UDG can be 0.2 U, 0.3U, 0.4 U, 0.5U, 0.6 U, 0.7U, 0.8 U, 0.9U, 1.0 U, 1.1 U, 1.2 U, 1.3U, 1.4 U, 1.5U, 1.6 U, 1.7U, 1.8 U, 1.9U, 2.0 U.
[0061] In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step a) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 ℃, about 26 ℃, about 27 ℃, about 28 ℃, about 29 ℃, about 30 ℃, about 31 ℃, about 32 ℃, about 33 ℃, about 34 ℃, about 35 ℃, about 36 ℃, about 37 ℃ for about 15 to 60 minutes. In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step a) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 to 37 ℃ for about 15 minutes, about 20 minutes, about 25 minutes, about 30 minutes, about 35 minutes, about 40 minutes, about 45 minutes, about 50 minutes, about 55 minutes, about 60 minutes.
[0062] In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step b) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 ℃, about 26 ℃, about 27 ℃, about 28 ℃, about 29 ℃, about 30 ℃, about 31 ℃, about 32 ℃, about 33 ℃, about 34 ℃, about 35 ℃, about 36 ℃, about 37 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes. In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step b) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 to 37 ℃ for about 1 minute, about 2 minutes, about 3 minutes, about 4 minutes, about 5 minutes, about 6 minutes, about 7 minutes, about 8 minutes, about 9 minutes, about 10 minutes.
[0063] According to the Seventh aspect of the disclosure, providing use of any of the uracil DNA glycosylase as mentioned above in eliminating system contamination before amplification by applying the UDG, wherein the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 70 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 70 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 50 to 65 ℃. In some embodiments, the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃.
[0064] In some embodiments, the amplification is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR; and the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) , Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification (NASBA) , Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) and Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) . In some embodiments, the Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃, the Recombinase Polymerase Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃, the Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 40 to 55 ℃, the Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction is performed at a temperature of about 37 to 42 ℃, the Strand Displacement Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃ and the Helicase-Dependent Amplification is performed at a temperature of about 65 ℃.
[0065] In some embodiments, applying the UDG comprising:
[0066] incubating the amplification system obtained in step b) at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes to inactive the UDG.
[0067] In some embodiments, adding the UDG to the amplification system such that the amount of the UDG is 0.2 to 2.0 U. For example, the amount of the UDG can be 0.2 U, 0.3U, 0.4 U, 0.5U, 0.6 U, 0.7U, 0.8 U, 0.9U, 1.0 U, 1.1 U, 1.2 U, 1.3U, 1.4 U, 1.5U, 1.6 U, 1.7U, 1.8 U, 1.9U, 2.0 U.
[0068] In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step a) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 ℃, about 26 ℃, about 27 ℃, about 28 ℃, about 29 ℃, about 30 ℃, about 31 ℃, about 32 ℃, about 33 ℃, about 34 ℃, about 35 ℃, about 36 ℃, about 37 ℃ for about 15 to 60 minutes. In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step a) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 to 37 ℃ for about 15 minutes, about 20 minutes, about 25 minutes, about 30 minutes, about 35 minutes, about 40 minutes, about 45 minutes, about 50 minutes, about 55 minutes, about 60 minutes.
[0069] In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step b) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 ℃, about 26 ℃, about 27 ℃, about 28 ℃, about 29 ℃, about 30 ℃, about 31 ℃, about 32 ℃, about 33 ℃, about 34 ℃, about 35 ℃, about 36 ℃, about 37 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes. In some embodiments, the amplification system obtained in step b) is incubated at a temperature of about 25 to 37 ℃ for about 1 minute, about 2 minutes, about 3 minutes, about 4 minutes, about 5 minutes, about 6 minutes, about 7 minutes, about 8 minutes, about 9 minutes, about 10 minutes.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0070] The accompanying figures of the description that form a part of this disclosure are intended to provide a further understanding of the disclosure. The illustrative embodiments and explanations thereof of the disclosure are used to explain the disclosure and do not constitute an improper limitation of the disclosure.
[0071] Figure 1 illustrates a workflow of the UDG+dUTP decontamination system.
[0072] Figure 2 illustrates a Phylogenetic Tree of 17 candidate thermolabile UDGs and the genus names of their host bacteria. E. Coli UDG is also included as a reference.
[0073] Figure 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of gel-based assay of the UDG activity.
[0074] Figure 4 illustrates the activity of UDGs in different reaction buffers.
[0075] Figure 5 illustrates the compatibility of UDG enzyme with qPCR amplification.
[0076] Figure 6 illustrates the compatibility of UDG enzyme with LAMP amplification.
[0077] Figure 7 illustrates that the UDG enzymes effectively block the amplification of Uracil-containing templates in qPCR system.
[0078] Figure 8 illustrates that the UDG enzymes effectively block the amplification of Uracil-containing templates in LAMP system.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0079] The following description is presented to enable those skilled in the art to obtain and use various embodiments. Descriptions of specific devices, technologies and applications are provided as examples only. Various modifications to the examples described herein will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other examples and applications without departing from the scope of various embodiments. Therefore, various embodiments are not intended to be limited to the examples described and shown herein, but are consistent with the scope of the claims. It should be noted that the embodiments in this disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the Figures and in combination with the embodiments.
[0080] As described in the background, in order to apply dUTP decontamination system for amplifications, especially the amplification performed at relatively low temperature, such as LAMP, there are two critical factors: UDG should be active at lower temperatures, and the UDG can be inactivated at temperatures lower (and preferably as low as possible) than the amplification temperature, such as 60-65℃ for LAMP.
[0081] Definitions
[0082] Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art, notations and other scientific or medical terms or terminology used herein are intended to have the meanings commonly understood by those of skill in the chemical and medical arts. In some cases, terms with commonly understood meanings are defined herein for clarity and / or for ready reference, and the inclusion of such definitions herein should not necessarily be construed to represent a substantial difference over the definition of the term as generally understood in the art.
[0083] All publications and patents cited in this specification are herein incorporated by reference as if each individual publication or patent were specifically and individually indicated to be incorporated by reference and are incorporated herein by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials in connection with which the publications are cited. The citation of any publication is for its disclosure prior to the filing date and should not be construed as an admission that the present disclosure is not entitled to antedate such publication by virtue of prior disclosure. Further, the dates of publication provided could be different from the actual publication dates that may need to be independently confirmed.
[0084] As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0085] The term “amount” or “level” generally refers to the quantity of a substance of interest. In the context of a panel of biomarker, a level of a panel of biomarkers refers to the quantity of the polynucleotides (e.g., RNA or DNA) of interest or the polypeptides of interest present in a sample. Such quantity may be expressed in the absolute terms, i.e., the total quantity of the polynucleotides or polypeptides in the sample, or in the relative terms, i.e., the concentration of the polynucleotides or polypeptides in the sample.
[0086] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed. In this application, the use of the singular includes the plural unless specifically stated otherwise. In this disclosure, the term “or” is used to mean “and / or” unless explicitly indicated to refer to alternatives only or the alternatives are mutually exclusive. As used herein “another” may mean at least a second or more. Furthermore, the use of the term “including” , as well as other forms, such as “includes” and “included” , is not limiting. Also, terms such as “element” or “component” encompass both elements and components comprising one unit and elements and components that comprise more than one subunit unless specifically stated otherwise. Also, the use of the term “portion” can include part of a moiety or the entire moiety.
[0087] The term “hybridizing” refers to the binding, duplexing, or hybridizing of a nucleic acid molecule preferentially to a particular nucleotide sequence under stringent conditions. The term “stringent conditions” refers to conditions under which a probe will hybridize preferentially to its target subsequence, and to a lesser extent to, or not at all to, other sequences in a mixed population (e.g., a cell lysate or DNA preparation from a tissue biopsy) . A “stringent hybridization” and “stringent hybridization wash conditions” in the context of nucleic acid hybridization (e.g., as in array, microarray, Southern or northern hybridizations) are sequence dependent, and are different under different environmental parameters.
[0088] The term “nucleic acid” and “polynucleotide” are used interchangeably and refer to a polymeric form of nucleotides of any length, either deoxyribonucleotides or ribonucleotides, or analogs thereof. Polynucleotides may have any three-dimensional structure, and may perform any function, known or unknown. Non-limiting examples of polynucleotides include a gene, a gene fragment, exons, introns, messenger RNA (mRNA) , transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA, ribozymes, cDNA, shRNA, single-stranded short or long RNAs, recombinant polynucleotides, branched polynucleotides, plasmids, vectors, isolated DNA of any sequence, control regions, isolated RNA of any sequence, nucleic acid probes, and primers. The nucleic acid molecule may be linear or circular.
[0089] In general, a “protein” is a polypeptide (i.e., a string of at least two amino acids linked to one another by peptide bonds) . Proteins may include moieties other than amino acids (e.g., may be glycoproteins) and / or may be otherwise processed or modified. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a “protein” can be a complete polypeptide chain as produced by a cell (with or without a signal sequence) , or can be a functional portion thereof. Those of ordinary skill will further appreciate that a protein can sometimes include more than one polypeptide chain, for example linked by one or more disulfide bonds or associated by other means.
[0090] The terms “homology” or “identity” are used to refer to a sequence matching situation between two polypeptides or between two nucleic acids. Therefore, the mutant of the present disclosure further includes a homologue of the amino acid sequence thereof. The “identity” may be calculated by known methods including, but not limited to, the following: Computational Molecular Biology (Lesk , A.M. Editor) Oxford University Press, New York (1988) ; Biocomputing: Informatics and Genome Projects (Smith, D.W. Editor) Academic Press New York (1993) ; Computer Analysis of Sequence Data, Part I (Griffin, A.M . and Griffin, H. G. Editor) Humana Press, New Jersey (1994) ; Sequence Analysis in Molecular Biology (von Heinje, G. Editor) Academic Press (1987) ; and Sequence Analysis Primer (Gribskov, M. and Devereux, J. Editor) Stockton Press, New York (1991) .
[0091] "Amplification" , as used herein, refers to any in vitro process for increasing the number of copies of a nucleotide sequence or sequences, i.e., creating an amplification product which may include, by way of example additional target molecules, or target-like molecules or molecules complementary to the target molecule, which molecules are created by virtue of the presence of the target molecule in the sample. In a situation where the target is a nucleic acid, an amplification product can be made enzymatically with DNA or RNA polymerases or transcriptases. Nucleic acid amplification results in the incorporation of nucleotides into DNA or RNA. PCR is an example of a suitable method for DNA amplification. As used herein, one amplification reaction may consist of many rounds of DNA replication. For example, one PCR reaction may consist of 10-50 "cycles" of denaturation and replication.
[0092] "Target" or "target sequence" refers to nucleic acid sequences to be amplified. These include the original nucleic acid sequence to be amplified, its complementary second strand and either strand of a copy of the original sequence which is produced in the amplification reaction. The target sequence may also be referred to as the template for extension of hybridized amplification primers.
[0093] "AP endonuclease" as used herein, is a term of art that refers to apurinic and apyrimidinic endonucleases. When the enzyme is AP endonuclease, the substrate in DNA can be apurinic and apyrimidinic sites.
[0094] "Uracil DNA glycosylase" (UDG) or uracil-N-Glycosylase (UNG) is an enzyme that catalyzes the release of free uracil from uracil-containing DNA. It can efficiently hydrolyze uracil from single stranded, as well as double stranded DNA of greater than 6 base-pairs. E. coli UDG is preferred. Typically, uracil in DNA is recognized as a substrate whereas uracil in RNA generally is not.
[0095] "Primer" as used herein refers to an oligonucleotide or a polynucleotide that is extended by covalent addition of nucleotide monomers during amplification. The primer is preferably single-stranded. Nucleic acid amplification often is based on nucleic acid synthesis by a nucleic acid polymerase. Many such polymerases require the presence of a primer that can be extended to initiate such nucleic acid synthesis. A primer is typically 11 bases or longer; most preferably, a primer is 17 bases or longer. A minimum of 3 bases may, however, suffice.
[0096] The term "agent" is used in a broad sense, in reference to labels, and includes any molecular moiety which participates in reactions which lead to a detectable response.
[0097] The term "Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) " is a nucleic acid amplification method conducted at a constant temperature. It utilizes a set of primers to recognize six regions on the target gene and employs a strand-displacement DNA polymerase for amplification. LAMP is typically carried out under conditions of 60-65℃, and can achieve nucleic acid amplification of up to 10^9 to 10^10 times within 10-30 minutes. Due to its rapid speed, efficiency, high specificity, cost-effectiveness, and simple operation, LAMP technology has been widely applied in the field of molecular diagnostics, especially in the detection of pathogens, food safety, and environment monitoring.
[0098] The following description is presented to enable those skilled in the art to obtain and use various embodiments. Descriptions of specific devices, technologies and applications are provided as examples only. Various modifications to the examples described herein will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other examples and applications without departing from the scope of various embodiments. Therefore, various embodiments are not intended to be limited to the examples described and shown herein, but are consistent with the scope of the claims. It should be noted that the embodiments in this disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the Figures and in combination with the embodiments.
[0099] Now referring to Figure 1, which shows a workflow, showing the work mechanism of an UDG+dUTP decontamination system used in PCR reaction. In the reaction system, if a part or all of the dTTP is substituted by dUTP to perform PCR amplification, the product (amplicon) thereof will have the incorporation of dUMP (dUMP-DNA product) . Before the start of a new PCR reaction, if exist, the UDG enzyme will cleave the uracil-containing PCR product, creating an abasic (depyrimidine) site, and leaving the phosphodiester backbone structure intact. These abasic (depyrimidine) sites cannot be spanned by DNA synthetases and thus cannot be amplified, preventing false positive results and achieving the effect of preventing contamination of the PCR amplicons. In contrast, if UDG enzyme treatment is not performed, the uracil-containing DNA contamination will be amplified and generate PCR products (false positive) .
[0100] To screen thermolabile UDGs with better suitability for isothermal amplification, we set out to explore a wealth of genomic information along with the abundant studies on bacteria adapted to extreme cold environments in various genomic databases and literatures. Bacteria belonging to members of Psychrobacter, Pseudomonas, Psychromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Shewanella, and Moritella were of particular interesting, as they are found in cold environments such as glacier, Arctic or Antarctic icesheets or oceans, permafrost. Figure 2 illustrates a collection of 17 candidate thermolabile UDGs and their phylogenetic relationship. We named these UDGs as UDG01 -UDG17.
[0101] The DNA sequences of UDG candidates were codon-optimized based on the E. coli codon usage, and then synthesized, cloned into E. coli expression vector pET28a carrying a 6-His tag. After induction for proteins expression, UDG enzymes were partially purified using Ni columns and used for initial UDG activity assay and sensitivity to heat treatment.
[0102] Partially purified UDGs were first subjected to a gel-based assay to detect enzyme activity, as illustrated in Figure 3. In the assay, a 70-base long single stranded DNA containing a single uracil base at position 35 was used as the template. The UDGs was added into the reaction system and incubated at 37 ℃ for 30 minutes. Alkaline solution was then added to the reaction and incubated at 85 ℃ for 10 minutes to break abasic site. If the 35-bases long cleavage products were observed, the recombinant UDG was classified as active. Active UDG enzymes were further purified through a three-step purification process involving affinity chromatography (Ni-TED) , anion-exchange chromatography, and cation-exchange chromatography to obtain purified enzymes for further analysis.
[0103] The enzyme activity of purified UDGs was accurately determined for using an assay based on fluorescence release from dU-containing DNA template. Fluorescent probe comprising a single dU base is used and the specific manner can refer to CN114181992A and CN112760363A, for example. The enzyme activity of the UDG can be accurately calculated based on a standard curve.
[0104] Partially purified UDGs were used for heat inactivation tests. UDGs were incubated at various temperatures between 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes, and then the remaining enzyme activity was determined. The activity of UDG without incubation is set as 100%, and the heat-treated enzyme would have reduced activity depending on the degree of inactivation. If the UDG is completely inactivated, the activity will be 0. UDG from E. Coli (SEQ ID NO. 18) was also compared and used as a control. All 18 UDGs in Table 1 showed sensitivity to heat treatment, wherein about 90%of UDG01 (SEQ ID NO. 1) was inactivated and UDG02 (SEQ ID NO. 2) to UDG17 (SEQ ID NO. 17) were completely inactivated after incubated at 50℃ for 5 minutes while only about 50%of the UDG from E. Coli (SEQ ID NO. 18) can be inactivated. After incubation at 50℃ for 1 minutes, UDG01 (SEQ ID NO. 1) , UDG05 (SEQ ID NO. 5) , UDG12 (SEQ ID NO. 12) , UDG16 (SEQ ID NO. 16) , and UDG17 (SEQ ID NO. 17) remained active, indicating they were less sensitive to heat treatment. These UDGs were excluded from further inactivation study. The remaining UDGs were tested for survival after 45℃ incubation for 5 minutes. UDG04 (SEQ ID NO. 4) , UDG08 (SEQ ID NO. 8) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) , UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) , UDG11 (SEQ ID NO.11) , UDG13 (SEQ ID NO. 13) , UDG14 (SEQ ID NO. 14) , and UDG15 (SEQ ID NO. 15) were found to be completely or 90%inactivated. In a further test for sensitivity to heat treatment, three UDGs, UDG08 (SEQ ID NO. 8) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) , and UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) were tested and found that when incubated at 40℃ for only 1 minute, about 35%to about 85%of the UDGs are inactivated and when incubated at 40℃ for 5 minutes, almost all the UDGs are inactivated, indicating that these three UDGs are most thermolabile.
[0105] As UDG enzymes are often applied in a variety of reaction conditions in molecular biology and biotechniques, we tested the activity of these enzymes in many reaction conditions and most of them are used for PCR or isothermal amplifications. The reaction conditions include differences buffering strength and pH) , concentration of salts, reducing agents (such as DTT) , surfactants (such as Tween, Triton) , chelating agents (such as EDTA) , and like. Some proprietary buffers were also tested to include more reaction conditions. As shown in Figure 4, the tested UDGs exhibited high activity in 10 market available buffers, indicating they can be applied in most common reaction systems.
[0106] As UDG enzymes are commonly used in qPCR, we tested whether these UDG enzymes are compatible with qPCR system. In PCR reactions with TaqMan probe detection system containing dNTP and dUTP, various amounts of UDGs (0, 0.2 or 1 Unit) were added. The amplification curve with and without UDG were compared. As shown in Figure 5, the qPCR amplification curves were identical in shape and the cycle numbers without or with the addition of 0.2U or 1U of different UDGs (UDG04 (SEQ ID NO. 4) , UDG08 (SEQ ID NO. 8) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) , and UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) , indicating these UDGs had no impact on the qPCR amplification reaction. These results further indicate that these tested UDGs are compatible with most market-available buffers and thus can be applied in most common amplification reaction systems.
[0107] In order to test the compatibility of UDG with LAMP reaction system, the standard LAMP reaction system is used, and various of UDGs were added. As shown in Figure 6, UDG08, UDG09, UDG10 and UDG04 can be rapidly inactivated in the LAMP reaction, so they have a faster amplification rate than the E. coli UDG.
[0108] In a similar qPCR system, these UDGs enzymes were assayed for their ability to block the amplification of dU-containing template and the calculated ΔCq (ΔCq = Cq values with UDG -Cq values without UDG) is used to show efficiency of removing uracil of dU-containing templates. Higher ΔCq indicates better efficiency. As shown in Figure 7, all tested UDGs demonstrated the ability to block the amplification of dU-DNA, among which (UDG04 (SEQ ID NO. 4) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) , and UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) showed significantly higher efficiency in removing Uracil-containing template compared to the NEB UDG enzyme (NEB, Cat #M0372LVIAL) , with (UDG04 (SEQ ID NO. 4) and UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) being the most efficient.
[0109] In a LAMP system, approximate 105 copies Uracil-containing template were added in the amplification with or without 1 Unit UDG. As shown in Figure 8, when no UDG was added, all five replicate reactions showed a clear amplification. When there were UDG enzymes (UDG04 (SEQ ID NO.4) , UDG08 (SEQ ID NO. 8) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) , UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) ) , all five replicates containing each UDGs did not exhibit any amplification) . The results in both qPCR system and LAMP system indicate that the UDG enzymes we discovered can effectively block the amplification of Uracil-containing templates.
[0110] Therefore, in one typical embodiment, the present invention provides uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) , wherein at least 80%of the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes. In an embodiment, the present invention provides an UDG, wherein at least 80%of the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 45 ℃ for about 1 to 5 minutes. In an embodiment, the present invention provides an UDG, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from: a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17; b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17; and c) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17. In an embodiment, the present invention provides an UDG, wherein at least 80%of the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 45 ℃ for about 5 minutes, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from: a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16; b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16; and c) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16. In an embodiment, the present invention provides an UDG, wherein the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 45 ℃ for about 1 minute or about 40 ℃ for about 5 minutes, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from: a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10; b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10; and c) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10. In an embodiment, the present invention provides an UDG, wherein about 95%UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 ℃ for about 2 minutes, and about 100%UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 ℃ for about 3 minutes, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 9.
[0111] In one typical embodiment, the present invention provides an uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) for use in performing amplification, wherein at least 80%of the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes. In an embodiment, the present invention provides an UDG for use, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from: a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17; b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17; and c) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17; and wherein the amplification is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR; and the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Crossing Priming Amplification (CPA) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) , Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) , and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) . In an embodiment, the isothermal amplification is LAMP.
[0112] In one typical embodiment, the present invention provides a reaction pre-mixture comprising the uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) . In an embodiment, the reaction pre-mixture further comprising reaction mixture for performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification, wherein the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR; and the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Crossing Priming Amplification (CPA) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) , Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) , and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) . In an embodiment, the isothermal amplification is LAMP.
[0113] In one typical embodiment, the present invention provides a kit, comprising the uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) . In an embodiment, the kit further comprising reaction mixture for performing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification and containers, wherein the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR; and the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Crossing Priming Amplification (CPA) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) , Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) , and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) . In an embodiment, the isothermal amplification is LAMP.
[0114] In one typical embodiment, the present invention provides a method for performing amplification, wherein the method comprising a step of eliminating system contamination before the amplification, comprising applying the uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) of, wherein the amplification is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification, wherein the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR; and the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Crossing Priming Amplification (CPA) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) , Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) , and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) . In an embodiment, the isothermal amplification is LAMP. In an embodiment, applying the UDG comprising: a) . adding the UDG to the amplification system such that the amount of UDG is 0.2 to 2.0 U; b) . incubating the amplification system obtained in step a) at a temperature of about 37 ℃ for about 15 to 60 minutes; and c) . incubating the amplification system obtained in step b) at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes.
[0115] In one typical embodiment, the present invention provides a method for analyzing the existence of a target nucleic acid, wherein the method comprising a step of eliminating system contamination before the analysis, comprising applying the uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) , wherein the analysis is performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification, wherein the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR; and the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Crossing Priming Amplification (CPA) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) , Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) , and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) . In an embodiment, the isothermal amplification is LAMP. In an embodiment, applying the UDG comprising: a) . adding the UDG to the amplification system such that the amount of UDG is 0.2 to 2.0 U; b) . incubating the amplification system obtained in step a) at a temperature of about 37 ℃ for about 15 to 60 minutes; and c) . incubating the amplification system obtained in step b) at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes.
[0116] In one typical embodiment, the present invention provides use of the uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) in eliminating system contamination before amplification by applying the UDG, wherein the amplification is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or isothermal amplification, wherein the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is selected from: Standard PCR, Quantitative PCR (qPCR) , Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) , Multiplex PCR, Nested PCR, In Situ PCR, Digital PCR (dPCR) , and Fluorescent PCR; and the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Crossing Priming Amplification (CPA) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) , Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) , and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) . In an embodiment, the isothermal amplification is LAMP. In an embodiment, applying the UDG comprising: a) . adding the UDG to the amplification system such that the amount of UDG is 0.2 to 2.0 U; b) . incubating the amplification system obtained in step a) at a temperature of about 37 ℃ for about 15 to 60 minutes; and c) . incubating the amplification system obtained in step b) at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes.
[0117] The scheme of this disclosure and its beneficial effects will be described in conjunction with more detailed embodiments.
[0118] Specific examples of the steps of the methods are as follows:
[0119] Example 1. Obtaining the UDG proteins
[0120] Bacteria living in cold environments, such as Psychrobacter, Pseudomonas, Psychromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Shewanella, and Moritella were identified according to the literature. After screening, we obtained 17 candidates thermolabile UDGs and the phylogenetic tree of these UDGs was constructed using multiple sequence alignment in the Geneious software to show their evolutionary relationships (Figure 2) . The UDG gene sequences and protein sequences were obtained from public database. We named these UDGs as UDG01-17, and the UDG clone and amino acid sequences are listed in table 1:
[0121] Table 1. the UDG clone and amino acid sequences
[0122] The DNA sequences of the screened UDG were codon-optimized according to the E. coli codon table to facilitate expression in bacteria, which is in the ability of the skilled in the art. A 6-His tag sequence was added to the N-terminus and then the sequences were artificially synthesized, and cloned into the NdeI and XhoI sites of the pET28a plasmid. The pET28a-UDG strains were grown in SOC medium at a 37℃ and induced for protein expression with 0.25 mMol / L IPTG at 16℃ for 16 hours. Harvested cell pellets were lysed using standard procedure, and partially purified UDG enzymes were obtained in one step by using a 6-His affinity resin (Ni-TED) gravity column.
[0123] Example 2. Qualitative detection of the UDG enzyme activity
[0124] Partially purified UDGs were used to screen for the enzyme activity by electrophoresis (Figure 3) . Uracil-comprising template was70 bases containing a single Uracil base (dU) (underlined) on the 35th base (Ref: Biochem J. 2005, 387 (Pt 3) : 859-863) :
[0125]
[0126] In this assay, 1.25μM dU-containing DNA was added in 18μL reaction buffer and then 2μL of partially purified UDG enzyme with or without heat-treatment. The UDG reaction was incubated at 37℃ for 30 min in a PCR machine. After the incubation, the reactions were cooled to 4℃ and 5 μL of 1 M NaOH was added to each reaction, and then incubated at 85℃ for 10 min and cooled to 4℃. The alkaline solution at high temperature breaks the DNA strand at abasic sites. After the reaction was complete, 5 μL of 1 M acetic acid was added to neutralize the reaction. Then, 6 μL of 6×loading buffer was added and then 10 μL of the sample was loaded in a 1.5%agarose gel and electrophoresed at 100 V for 50 min. (Figure 3)
[0127] Example 3. Heat inactivation of UDG enzymes
[0128] Partially purified UDGs were used to determine their sensitivity to heat inactivation. Fluorescent probe comprising a single dU base is used and the specific manner can be found in CN114181992A and CN112760363A, for example. By incubating the fluorescent probe with certain amount of UDGs and then detect the fluorescence signal, which is proportional to the enzyme activity, so as to determine the thermosensitivity of the enzymes.
[0129] The results for 17 UDGs are listed below in Table 2:
[0130] Table 2: Heat inactivation of 17 UDGs
[0131] √: completely inactivated; ×: with normal activity; Percentage: Proportion of inactivated UDG; N / A: not tested.
[0132] All 17 new UDGs were completely inactivated after incubated at 50℃ for 5 minutes, indicating that these UDGs all have a certain degree of thermolabile property. After incubated at 50℃ for 1 minutes, UDG01 (SEQ ID NO. 1) , UDG05 (SEQ ID NO. 5) , UDG012 (SEQ ID NO. 12) , UDG16 (SEQ ID NO. 16) , and UDG17 (SEQ ID NO. 17) remained viable, and thus they were excluded from the next step experiments. After incubated at 45℃ for 5 minutes, UDG04 (SEQ ID NO. 4) , UDG08 (SEQ ID NO. 8) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) , UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) , UDG11 (SEQ ID NO. 11) , UDG13 (SEQ ID NO. 13) , UDG14 (SEQ ID NO. 14) , and UDG15 (SEQ ID NO. 15) were fully inactivated, which indicates that they can be applied in most amplification system. After incubated at 45℃ for 1 minute, UDG08 (SEQ ID NO. 8) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) , and UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) were completely inactivated, indicating these three UDGs were most thermolabile.
[0133] These three UDGs were further analyzed for their heat inactivation property using highly purified enzymes. In a further test for sensitivity to heat treatment, these three UDGs (UDG08 (SEQ ID NO. 8) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) and UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) were heat treated at 40℃ for different time periods. It was found that when incubated at 40℃ for only 1 minute, about 35%to about 85%of the UDGs are inactivated and when incubated at 40℃ for 5 minutes, almost all the UDGs are inactivated, indicating that these three UDGs are most thermolabile.
[0134] Example 4. UDG enzyme activity in different reactions buffers
[0135] The enzyme activity of the above 3 most thermolabile UDGs (UDG08, UDG09, UDG10) was assayed in 10 different market available buffers. These buffers are commonly used in amplification reactions or molecular assays. The UDG enzyme activity in these buffers are tested as the method in Example 3. UDG enzyme activity in buffer 8 is set as 100%and the relative activity in the other buffers are calculated. The results obtained in these buffers demonstrates the scope of tolerance to varying buffer conditions by these UDGs. Referring to Figure 4, these 3 UDGs exhibited high levels of activity in 10 different buffers, but they were different in level. These results suggest that these three UDGs are compatible with most commercial buffers and thus can be applied in most common reaction systems, such as PCR / qPCR amplification systems, isothermal amplification systems and alike.
[0136] Example 5. Compatibility of UDG with amplification reactions
[0137] In order to test the compatibility of UDG with PCR reaction system, the PCR reactions with TaqMan probe detection system containing dNTP and dUTP is used, and various amounts of UDGs (0, 0.2 or 1 Unit) were added.
[0138] The qPCR cycle was: 95℃ for 2 minutes and 30 seconds, followed by 45 cycles of (94℃ for 15 seconds, and 55℃ for 40 seconds) . The amplification curves with and without UDG were compared. The compatibility of UDG was evaluated based on amplification curve shape and cycle number.
[0139] As shown in Figure 5, the qPCR amplification curves were identical in shape and the cycle numbers without or with the addition of 0.2U or 1U of different UDGs (UDG04, SEQ ID NO. 4) , UDG08 (SEQ ID NO. 8) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) , and UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) , indicating these UDGs had no impact on the qPCR amplification reaction.
[0140] To test the compatibility of UDG with LAMP reaction system, the standard LAMP reaction system containing 100%dUTP replacement of dTTP was added with various of UDGs. As shown in Figure 6, the vertical axis is Time to Results as a measure for LAMP amplification speed. In the control without UDG, the Time to Results was the shortest. As the E. coli UDG could not be rapidly inactivated in the LAMP reaction, it slowed down the amplification rate. In other reactions with, UDG08, UDG09, UDG10 and UDG04, there was much less slowdown in amplification, the amplification rate was between E. coli UDG and control group, as a result of rapid inactivation of these UDGs.
[0141] Example 6. UDG enzymes block the amplification of Uracil-containing templates
[0142] UDG enzymes were assayed for their ability to block the amplification of Uracil-containing templates in both qPCR system and LAMP system.
[0143] In a similar qPCR system, these UDGs enzymes were assayed for their ability to block the amplification of dU-containing template. In 50μL qPCR reactions in addition to 200 μM dNTPs, 200 μM dUTP was also added. Each reaction had 5×105 copies of Uracil-containing template, and 1 Unit UDG enzymes. The qPCR cycle was: 95℃ for 2 minutes and 30 seconds, followed by 45 cycles of (94℃ for 15 seconds, and 55℃ for 40 seconds) . The effect of UDG was based on the reduced amplification speed (ΔCq) . The larger the value of ΔCq, the higher the efficiency of UDG enzyme in removing Uracil-containing template. The results are shown in Figure 7. All tested UDGs demonstrated the ability to block the amplification of dU-DNA, among which (UDG04 (SEQ ID NO. 4) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) , and UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) showed significantly higher efficiency in removing Uracil-containing template compared to the NEB UDG enzyme, with (UDG04 (SEQ ID NO. 4) and UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) being the most efficient.
[0144] In LAMP system, the reaction was set up in 25 μL with 40 mM Tris, pH 8.5, 7 mM MgSO4, 10 mM (NH4) 2SO4, 75 mM KCl, 0.1%Tween 20, 1.6 μM each of FIP / BIP, 0.4 μM each of LF / LB, and 0.2 μM each of F3 / B3 primers targeting Lambda DNA template, 1.4 mM each of dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dTTP, and dUTP, 1 μM Syto 9 DNA fluorescent dye, and 8 U of Bst DNA polymerase. The U-containing template was derived from a previous LAMP products of the same system, which was diluted 3×105-fold and 1 μL was added (estimated to be around 105 copies) . 1 U of different UDG enzymes was added. The amplification reaction was carried out by heating to 65℃ on a PCR machine. Amplification signal was acquired every 30 seconds (one cycle) , for a total of 60 cycles (approximately 30 minutes) . The results are shown in Figure 8. When no UDG was added, all five replicate reactions showed a clear amplification. When 1 U of different UDG enzymes (UDG04 (SEQ ID NO. 4) , UDG08 (SEQ ID NO. 8) , UDG09 (SEQ ID NO. 9) , and UDG10 (SEQ ID NO. 10) , each of the five replicates did not exhibit any amplification. The results in both qPCR system and LAMP system indicate that the UDG enzymes we obtained can effectively block the amplification of Uracil-comprising templates.
[0145] Each embodiment in this description is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts between each embodiment can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple. For relevant information, please refer to the description of method embodiments.
[0146] It should be noted that the terms "first" , "second" , "third" , and the like in the description and claims of the present disclosure and the above drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and need not be used to describe a specific order or order. It should be understood that the data used in this manner can be interchanged where appropriate, in order to facilitate the embodiments of the present disclosure described herein. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" , as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units, need not be limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent in these processes, methods, products, or devices.
[0147] The above mentioned are only preferred embodiments of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the disclosure. For those skilled in the art, the disclosure may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure shall be included in the scope of protection of this disclosure.INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY
[0148] Through the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the present disclosure novel thermolabile uracil DNA glycosylases (UDGs) , kit comprising same and use thereof. These UDGs can be applied in most amplification system. When comparing with current market available UDG, these UDGs can be inactivated in much shorter time and to much greater extent, which means that these UDGs have significantly improved thermosensitivity. In addition, these UDGs are compatible with most commercial buffers, do not affect the amplification reaction systems and can effectively block the amplification of Uracil-containing templates. Thus, these enzymes can be applied in more amplification reaction systems.
Claims
1.An uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) , wherein the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes.2.The UDG of claim 1, wherein the UDG is inactivated after incubating at a temperature of about 40 to 45 ℃.3.The UDG of claim 1 or 2, wherein the UDG is inactivated after incubating for about 1 to 5 minutes, preferably, the UDG is inactivated after incubating for about 1, 3 or 5 minutes.4.The UDG of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the deactivation ratio of the UDG is at least 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%or 100%.5.The UDG of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from:a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17;b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17; andc) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 1-17.6.The UDG of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from:a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16;b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16; andc) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 4, 8-11 and 13-16.7.The UDG of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the UDG comprising an amino acid sequence selected from:a) an amino acid sequence having at least 90%identity to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10;b) an amino acid sequence comprising 1 to 5 mutations with respect to anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10; andc) anyone of an amino acid sequence selected from SEQ ID NOs: 8-10.8.The UDG of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the UDG is for use in performing an amplification, preferably the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 42 to 70 ℃, more preferably the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 42 to 65 ℃, more preferably the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 50 to 65 ℃, even more preferably the amplification is performed at a temperature of about 60 to 65 ℃.9.The UDG of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the amplification is the isothermal amplification, preferably, the isothermal amplification is selected from: Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) , Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) , Nucleic Acid Sequence-Based Amplification (NASBA) , Nicking Enzyme Amplification Reaction (NEAR) , Strand Displacement Amplification (SDA) and Helicase-Dependent Amplification (HDA) .10.The UDG of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the UDG is activated at a temperature below 37 ℃, preferably at a temperature of 25-37 ℃.11.An uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) for use in performing amplification, wherein the uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) is anyone of claims 1 to 10.12.A reaction pre-mixture, comprising the uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) of anyone of claims 1 to 11, and dUTP.13.A kit, comprising the reaction pre-mixture of claim 12.14.A method for performing amplification, comprising a step of eliminating system contamination before the amplification, wherein the step of eliminating system contamination before the amplification comprising applying the uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein applying the UDG comprising:incubating the amplification system at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes to inactive the UDG.15.A method for analyzing the existence of a target nucleic acid, comprising a step of eliminating system contamination before the analysis, wherein the step of eliminating system contamination before the analysis comprising applying the uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the analysis is performed by amplification, wherein applying the UDG comprising:incubating the amplification system at a temperature of about 40 to 50 ℃ for about 1 to 10 minutes to inactive the UDG.