Triage tag and system

Abstract

A system is disclosed, comprising (i) MCI tags, each comprising a plurality of mechanically manipulable indicator members; (ii) mobile communication devices, each comprising an operating system, a Data Retrieval Application (DRA) installed on the operating system, and a camera accessible to the DRA; and (iii) at least a first remote-server wirelessly accessible by at least one of the mobile communication devices. The DRA is configured (a) to retrieve through the camera an image of an MCI-tag decided by a user of the mobile device to be reported through the system; (b) to convert the image into a PMCIS-record reflecting statuses of the mechanically manipulable indicator members of the MCI tag as revealed from the image; and (c) to communicate to a remote database PMCIS-records generated for MCI tags decided by the user to be reported, upon availability of communication between the mobile communication device and the remote database.

Description

TRIAGE TAG AND SYSTEMTECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to the field of medical triage tags and associated casualties’ tracking and control systems for mass casualty incidents.BACKGROUND

[0002] It is commonly accepted that personal and medical information relating to casualties in the scenes of mass casualty incidents is reported by first responders, often but not exclusively emergency medical technicians (EMTs), paramedics or physicians (henceforth “emergency responders”) operating in field conditions and filling-in said information on various systems, e.g. triage tags and related paper or digital systems.

[0003] The triage tags with the filled-in data are normally attached to the casualties and are aimed at facilitating the logistics associated with evacuation and transportation of casualties from the field to more equipped locations of treatment, usually decided based on their personal diagnoses and conditions.

[0004] Triage tags and related systems in a variety of designs and of fillable parameters have been suggested in the art and / or are commercially available. Triage tags should be simple to store in emergency warehouses for a long term (it can take decades before their distribution may be required if any) yet be anytime ready to immediate distribution and use and be highly intuitive to fill-in information by minimally trained emergency responders.

[0005] Nowadays, many medical authorities and institutions worldwide rely on local and central computerized systems in the management of mass casualty incidents. This often poses the requirement that information filled into the triage-tags or similar systems by emergency responders be consistently inputted also into and available through the relevant computerized system.

[0006] Reliability of the reporting is highly pertinent to the efficiency of rescue operations and for the availability of accurate information when casualties arrive at organized medical facilities.

[0007] Factually, emergency responders such as medical personnel operating in sites of mass casualties’ incidents encounter a variety of unexpected difficulties to be delt with, and which negatively reflect on the reliability of the flow of triage information, starting from the filling-in of triage tags.

[0008] While ubiquitousness and simplicity of the triaging tag and system may be considered key factors in the efficiency and accuracy of triaging data flow, one main problem common to all known triage tags and their related fill-in methods is the conflict between the simplicity and ubiquitousness expected from the design of the tag to guaranty its abundance and availability and for facilitation of filling triage information into the tag, and the technological complexities and (currently too demanding) minimal know-how requirements normally associated with reliable inputting of data into computerized systems, especially bearing in mind that the filling-in and inputting are often happen to be performed by minimally trained users working in harsh conditions and often under time stress in a threatening environment.

[0009] Triage tags and associated hardware and software systems should therefore be adapted to store in emergency warehouses for long terms (preferably decades), be ready for immediate distribution and use, be simple to input data into and to read data from, and be highly intuitive to be reliably filled by minimally trained paramedics.

[0010] To date, appreciably due to the afore-mentioned conflict, there is no globally preferred triage reporting system for mass casualty incidents. Every medical authority / organization makes use of its own preferred tags and associated data input and management systems and its own preferred electronic reporting and recording systems. Some authorities / organizations use electronic NFC tags to be filled through an application running on mobile communication devices, others use paper or cardboard tags to be filled by handwriting or manual marking.

[0011] US 2013 / 0253284 discloses a field medical reporting system trying to resolve said problem by a triage tag intended to allow both manual inputting of data and automated flow of information from the tag to the computerized management system.

[0012] Still to date, it is widely acknowledged among emergency responders and physicians actively involved in managing disasters that, without a breakthrough instreamlining the reporting process and enhancing the reliability of the reporting chain, the currently disappointingly low adoption rates will persist. Consequently, systems will continue to fail to function as intended and will impede field usability in casualty management.BRIEF SUMMARY

[0013] A first broad aspect of the presently disclosed subject matter is a system for reporting, storing, analyzing, disseminating and presenting electronic records of personal information relating to a plurality of people harmed during mass casualty incidents (said system hereinafter referred to as MCI-system).

[0014] A system is disclosed, comprising (i) MCI-tags, each comprising a plurality of mechanically manipulable indicator members; (ii) mobile communication devices, each comprising an operating system, a Data Retrieval Application (DRA) installed on the operating system, and a camera accessible to the DRA; and (iii) at least a first remote-server wirelessly accessible by at least one of the mobile communication devices. The DRA is configured (a) to retrieve through the camera an image of an MCI-tag decided by a user of the mobile device to be reported through the system; (b) to convert the image into a PMCIS-record reflecting statuses of the mechanically manipulable indicator members of the MCI tag as revealed from the image; and (c) to communicate to a remote database PMCIS-records generated for MCI tags decided by the user to be reported, upon availability of communication between the mobile communication device and the remote database.

[0015] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the system comprises (i) a plurality of WMCI-tags, each comprising on an upper face thereof a plurality of mechanically manipulable indicator members; (ii) a plurality of mobile communication devices, each comprising an operating system, a DRA installed on the operating system, and a camera accessible to the DRA; and (iii) at least a first remote-server wirelessly accessible by at least one of the mobile communication devices.

[0016] The DRA may be configured to retrieve through the camera an image of a WMCI-tag decided by a user of the mobile device to be reported through the system, to convert the image into a PMCIS record based on statuses visible in the image of the mechanically manipulable indicator members, and to communicate to a remote database PMCIS records generated for WMCI-tags decided by the user of the mobile device to be reported through the system, upon availability of wireless communication between the least one of the mobile communication devices and a server associated with the remote database.

[0017] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the DRA may be configured to cooperate with a body -camera worn by a user of the mobile devicein which the DRA is installed, for retrieving images of WMCI-tags through the bodycamera.

[0018] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the bodycamera may be associated with an onboard processor running an algorithm which is configured to convert the images of the WMCI-tags into respective PMCIS records and to communicate to the DRA PMCIS records.

[0019] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the WMCI-tag for use in the system comprises a polymeric base plate and a UIDQR-code printed on an upper face of the base plate, wherein at least some of the mechanically manipulable indicator members carry each on an outer face thereof a QR-code as an identifier of a logistic or medical parameter with which a respective mechanically manipulable indicator member is associated.

[0020] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the comprising a polymeric base plate and a UIDQR-code printed on an upper face of the base plate, wherein the mechanically manipulable indicator members comprise a dial plate pivotably secured to the base plate and having angularly distributed colored regions, one of which may be displayed through a display opening formed in the base plate as a background color while the other regions are hidden behind a body of the base plate, wherein the color to be displayed through the display opening may be selected by pivoting the base plate into a position in which a currently desired color is displayed through the display opening.

[0021] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the mechanically manipulable indicator members of the WMCI-tag comprise a sliding insert having four differently colored face regions, one of which is visually revealable at a time through a display opening formed in the base plate.

[0022] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the display opening is contoured as a schematic analogous of a human body comprising a head-analogous opening portion, limb-analogous opening portion, abdomen-analogous opening portion and chest-analogous opening portion, whereby constituting a human body analogous display opening wherein a background color displayed through depends on what face from the four differently colored face regions of the sliding insert is currently aligned to face through the display opening.

[0023] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the mechanically manipulable indicator members comprise a plurality of breakable regionseach separably breakable from a body of the base plate along a line of weakness formed in the polymeric material and constituting a fracture -guide, wherein each of the breakable regions is associated with a predetermined logistical or medical parameter which may be either in consistency or lacking consistency with a condition of a patient identified by the UIDQR-code, whereby presence of a breakable region as an integral part of the base plate may be interpreted as inconsistency between the parameter associated with that breakable region and a logistical or medical condition of the patient identified by the UIDQR-code, wherein absence of that breakable region from the base plate may be interpreted as a consistency between the parameter associated with that breakable region and a logistical or medical condition of the patient identified by the UIDQR-code.

[0024] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the mechanically manipulable indicator members of the WMCI-tag may comprise a sliding-panel, at least one icon or QR-code printed on the sliding panel, movable between two opposite positions with respect to a base-plate, wherein the sliding panel is manually movable upon overcoming a predetermined friction force between the sliding panel and a body of the base-plate, the predetermined friction force is configured to prevent unintentional motion of the sliding panel with respect to the main board, a first end of the sliding panel is configured to occupy a narrow slit extending from and perpendicular to a first edge of the main board, a second end of the sliding panel opposite the first end is configured to occupy a narrow slit extending from and perpendicular to a second edge of the main board opposite the first edge, a length of the sliding panel is shorter than a framework width defined as a distance between the first edge and the second edge from which the narrow slits respectively extend, shorter by at least a desired motion range of the sliding panel between the two opposite positions, a length of each of the slits is at least as large as a desired motion range of the sliding-panel, each slit has a width of between 2-4 millimeters, thus pushing the sliding panel between the two opposite positions requires manipulating the sliding panel with an external key element having a width less than the width of the slit, the external key element thus being insertable into a slit currently occupied by the sliding panel for pushing the sliding panel toward the slit extending from the opposite edge of the main board.

[0025] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the DRA application comprises an algorithm configured to translate a digital photograph of agiven WMCI-tag into a digital PMCIS record including an identification of a patient to which the PMCIS record relates based on the UIDQR-code of the given WMCI-tag and based on the statuses of the mechanically manipulable indicator members visible respectively in each of the images.

[0026] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the DRA may be further configured to communicate with a body-camera through a low-power direct pairing communication protocol, to alter modes of operation of the body-camera and to retrieve from the body-camera PMCIS-records generated by imageinterpretation algorithm running onboard of the body-camera.

[0027] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, a status of each of a plurality of mechanically manipulable indicator members is associated with a dedicated QR-code.

[0028] In various embodiments of the currently disclosed subject matter, the DRA may be configured to translate a photograph of the WMCI-tag into a respective PMCIS record by launching a multiple QR-code scanning for recognizing the status of each of the plurality of the mechanically manipulable indicator members, based on whether the dedicated QR-code of each is present in the photograph.

[0029] In some embodiments, an MCI-system according to the presently disclosed subject matter being characterized by (i) a remote database accessible to authorized users from independent remote different locations; (ii) a first plurality of mobile devices, each of which comprising an onboard-installed data retrieval application (hereinafter referred to as DRA), a camera accessible to the DRA for acquiring visual information, an algorithm running on a CPU of the mobile device and configured to (locally, regardless of current availability of wireless communication) analyze human-visible information captured by the camera under control of the DRA, and to convert it into condition -related codes inferable (e.g., by clients of the MCI-system, which may include, among other clients, said first plurality of mobile devices) each as a respective predetermined medical, personal or logistically-related condition of a harmed person; and (iii) a plurality of waterproof nonelectric mass-casualty-incident triaging tags (each of which referred to hereinafter as WMCI-tag), each WMCI-tag is made from a piece of waterproof material (e.g., a polymer, such as ABS plastic) securable to a person’s body or associated clothing by at least one predetermined tying arrangement and comprising a base plate having a plurality of spaced apart weakened-regions each of which is defined by a line or lines of weakness (fracture guides) whereby it is manuallybreakable or becomes easily removable (e.g., by tearing) off the base plate upon manually bending it (e.g., once or twice) about its fracture guide / s with respect to a remaining main portion of the base plate (each of said spaced apart weakened-regions may be referred to hereinafter by an abbreviation such as ‘breakable region’ , ‘breakable portion’, ‘breakaway tab’).

[0030] In various embodiments of the WMCI-tag a predetermined area on an upper surface of at least a first of said weakened-regions may be permanently attached to a peelable lamination layer, said peelable lamination layer extends a predetermined extent on and being peel-ably attached to a surface of the base plate next to the first of said weakened-regions and externally to any of the weakened-regions (whereby separation of the at least first of said weakened regions from the WMCI-tag necessitates first breaking a selected one of said at least first of weakened regions off a remaining main portion of the base-plate and then maneuvering it for peeling said predetermined extent of peelable lamination layer off the upper surface of the base plate next to the weakened-regions); wherein the DRA, an upper face of the WMCI-tag, and the peelable lamination layer (hereinafter PLL) are mutually configured to facilitate conversion of a real-time visual appearance of the upper face of a WMCI-tag as captured by a photosensor of the camera (a surface area of which tilted with respect to a line orthogonal to the upper surface of the base plate by an angle of up to at least 15 degrees) into a corresponding summary record on an onboard memory of the mobile device of all the condition codes appearing on the upper face of the WMCI-tag and relating to a respective harmed person and constituting a per sonal-MCI- summary (constituting a Personal MCI Summary record referred to herein PMCIS record), the DRA being further configured to generate from the PMCIS a human inferable visualization (namely a graphical and / or textual presentation which a human can understand its content without seeking for auxiliary aids), on a screen of the mobile device, compatible with the real-time visual appearance captured by the camera from a WMCI-tag dedicated to the respective harmed person.

[0031] A second broad aspect of the presently disclosed subject matter is a DRA to be installed and run on mobile devices and configured to retrieve from a visual appearance of the upper face of a WMCI-tag personal and / or medical information (alterations made to a predetermined initial appearance of the WMCI-tag for reflecting the personal and / or medical information) relating to a harmed person, and to convert that information into a PMCIS record.

[0032] The DRA may be further configured to generate from the PMCIS a human inferable visualization on a screen of the mobile device compatible with the real-time visual appearance captured by the camera from a WMCI-tag dedicated to the respective harmed person. However, in various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the DRA may be configured to recognize the statuses of the mechanically manipulable indicator members of the MCI-tag by relating to the mechanically manipulable indicator members as an inventory list, then by checking what in the inventory list has changed status (comparing to an original non-manipulated WMCI-tag), without even checking its location on the WMCI-tag. This may be achieved, e.g., by associating each manipulable indicator with a unique QR-code and checking through a QR-scanning what of the original inventory of QR-codes on the WMCI-tag no longer exists in the currently generated inventory list, i.e., after the tag has been manipulated, whereby revealing what parameters have changed status, based on inventory comparison of the current inventory list of QR-codes vs. the original inventory list of QR-codes on the WMCI-tag.

[0033] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter the DRA is further adapted for use with electrically powered MCI -tags (the thus adapted DRA will be referred to herein E&O DRA, meaning electrical and optical DRA whenever required to distinguish it from a non-thus -adapted DRA) in a system according to said first broad aspect, with the system being adapted to treat data retrievable from (or transmittable into) electrically powered MCI-tags further to its basic capability of treating data retrievable from nonelectric WMCI-tags.

[0034] In the context of the present disclosure the term “electrically powered” when used with respect to MCI-tags, covers any type of electromagnetic energy either continually supplied (e.g., by internal or external battery) or temporally supplied (e.g. via NFC or other induction method) to electronic circuits embedded in or glued to the MCI-tag concerned, e.g., in the bordered region marked NFC. In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter the loci where such electronic circuits are embedded or glued to the WMCI-tag are regions empty from other visual marking on the tag, and may thus be marked with visual NFC related hints (or hints relevant to other induction method electronics in use), to guide for and thus facilitate fast positioning the mobile device on which the E&O DRA is installed for powering and communicating with the NFC (or other induction method electronics) circuit.

[0035] In the context of the present disclosure the meaning of the term “nonelectric” when used with respect to WMCI-tags, is that the concerned WMCI-tag is configured to cooperate with the DRA regardless of and in the absence of any electronic circuit embedded into (i.e., conjoined with or within) the WMCI-tag.

[0036] A third broad aspect of the presently disclosed subject matter is a WMCI-tag for use in cooperation with an MCI-system according to said first broad aspect.In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, at least one unique QR-code is printed on the upper and / or on the back face of each WMCI-tag for identification of the WMCI-tag, whereby providing each WMCI-tag with a unique ID constituting a UIDQR-code distinguishing each respective WMCI-tag from and uniquely identifying it among all other WMCI-tags.

[0037] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the UIDQR-code is configured to represent a sequence of characters including at least a large random number or a lengthy random sequence of characters (represented based on a predetermined encoding convention, e.g., ASCII) constituting a secure ID-code, per each WMCI-tag. Such code also serves to uniquely identify the casualty wearing the tag.

[0038] In the context of the present disclosure the meaning of the term ‘secure’ when relating to an ID-code is that (e.g., due to an encryption method being used) it is highly unlikely to successfully guess, encrypt, or crack a real ID-code of a WMCI-tag from an existing global stock of WMCI-tags. Consequently, the MCI-system using WMCI-tags having secure ID codes may be highly protected against false reporting of casualties and against unauthorized retrieval of personal information relating to harmed persons.

[0039] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the UIDQR-code is provided from above a non-breakable portion of an WMCI-tag. In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter, the UIDQR-code is repeated on the WMCI-tag (on separated regions thereof, e.g., on one to four of its corners) between one to four times. In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter, the WMCI-tag may be provided on its four corners either replicas of UIDQR-code, one per each corner or, or other specific four QR-codes, dedicated to provide the DRA with a means (other than plain visual) for rapidly identifying the span of the WMCI-tag within a photo, and / or determining (e.g., by counting the number of repetitions of the dedicated QR-code) whether the entire upper face of the base plate has been captured by the camera.

[0040] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter, the UIDQR-code is repeated on the WMCI-tag at least once from above a breakable portion of an WMCI-tag whereby allowing two WMCI-tags stack one laying above another in an overlapping structure, with a UIDQR-code of a bottom WMCI-tag visible through a top WMCI-tag having its own UIDQR-code taken-off with its underlying breakable portion.

[0041] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the WMCI-tag is configured to provide for a visual indication of at least one dual-state reportable item (the reportable item being a personal or logistically -related condition of a harmed person definable e.g., as a “Yes” or as a ”No”, as a “Positive” or as a “Negative”, or as other binarily definable information relating to a harmed person). In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, either of the two statuses of an item of binarily definable information relating to a harmed person, may be associated with a unique QR-code printed on the WMCI-tag. For example, a first QR-code and a second QR-code may together constitute a unique pair of QR-codes each unique pair of QR-codes on the WMCI-tag being uniquely associated with one reporting item, wherein the first QR-code is located from above a non-breakable portion of the base plate, wherein the second QR-code is located from above a breakable portion of the base plate. For another example, in various embodiments of the WMCI-tag according to the presently disclosed subject matter, only one QR-Code may be uniquely associated with one reporting item, printed on a breakable portion of the base plate. In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, at least one QR-Code uniquely associated with an item of binarily definable information included in the WMCI-tag, may be concealed behind a peelable layer, to be exposed as a means for reporting a change in the status of a patient wearing the WMCI-tag with regard to the respective item of binarily definable information.

[0042] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter, the DRA may either include an embedded multiple-QR scanner or be configured to launch a QR-scanner installed on the mobile device, through which the DRA may be configured to retrieve in a single scanning session a plurality of QR-codes appearing on the upper face of a WMCI-tag, wherein the DRA comprises in advance a registration of all unique pairs of QR codes included in the WMCI-tag, and / or of all single QR-codes included in the WMCI-tag. The DRA may be further configured to establish upon retrieval of either the first QR-code or the second QR-code of a given unique pair of QR-codesduring a given QR scanning session (i) a presence-related determination whether or not both QR-codes which constitute the unique pair of QR-codes are recognized on the scanned WMCI-tag; (ii) an expectancy-related determination whether or not the result of the presence-related determination made contradicts an expected result per the given QR scanning session; wherein the DRA may further be configured to decide, based on the expectancy-related determination, whether to repeat a multiple-QR scanning or to initiate an alert process (during which an alert message is generated and / or displayed with association to one or more personal or logistically-related condition of a harmed person associated with a related given unique pair of QR-codes), or to set a value per a reportable-parameter with which the pair of QR codes is associated, said value being a portion of a PMCIS record under creation.In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter in which the WMCI-tag is designed h unique pairs of QR-codes, at least in one unique pair of QR codes appearing on a WMCI-tag both first and second QR-codes are identical in content.

[0043] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter, in at least one unique pair of QR codes appearing on a WMCI-tag both first and second QR-codes are complementary in content (i.e., each of the two QR codes which constitute the pair is inferable from its counterpart by a simple calculation such as inversion of the values constituting the code, or such as complementing to a predetermined number the values constituting the code).

[0044] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter, at least one QR code appearing on a WMCI-tag is a circular QR code (i.e., readable identically from several spatial directions, e.g., in some embodiments from 9 directions, in other embodiments from 12 directions, in yet additional embodiments from 15 directions etc.).

[0045] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, at least one QR code appearing on a WMCI-tag is a square QR code.

[0046] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter, the base layer may comprise a predetermined area, colored red and hidden underneath a respective color-hiding peelable lamination layer, and may further comprise a predetermined area, colored yellow, hidden underneath a respective color-hiding peelable lamination layer, and / or a predetermined area, colored green, hidden underneath a respective color-hiding peelable lamination layer, and / or a predeterminedarea, colored black, hidden underneath a respective color-hiding peelable lamination layer.

[0047] Each peelable color-hiding lamination layer in the WMCI-tag may be associated with a respective weakened region for facilitating the removal of the colorhiding lamination layer for exposing a respective hidden colored region.

[0048] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter the colored areas either red, yellow, green or black may be provided each with a specific pattern of coloration to allow recognition of each area by its respective coloring pattern rather than by merely (and regardless of) its color as appearing to a human-eye.

[0049] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter the WMCI-tag may comprise in predetermined locations thereof phosphorous (or other selfilluminating or light-reflecting) spots or regions next to some of the weakened regions and / or hidden underneath a lamination layer, to be revealed upon removal of the covering lamination layer. In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject the DRA may be further configured to expect and to search for such self-illuminating or light-reflecting spots in an image taken by the camera, and / or to make use of such self-illuminating or light-reflecting spots for expediting retrieval of personal or logistically-related information reported on the WMCI-tag by locating said personal or logistically-related information based on a location of the personal or logistically-related information with respect to the personal or logistically-related information .

[0050] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter the WMCI-tag may comprise phosphorous (or other self-illuminating or light-reflecting) spots or regions, e.g., at corners of, or e.g. marking a borderline all around the WMCI-tag next to its edges, whereby allowing the DRA to recognize and focus on the WMCI-tag in an environment of darkness.

[0051] The term QR-code is mentioned herein as an example of machine -readable code, with no intention of limiting the scope of disclosure. The count of barcodes in a WMCI-tag according to the presently disclosed subject matter may vary from zero (no barcodes) to dozens, wherein the barcodes may vary in symbology (ID, QR code, MaxiCode®, and the like) and in size. As to the layout, the barcodes can either be neatly placed next to a reportable parameter, or randomly scattered, based on their intended use by the DRA.

[0052] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter the content of the QR-codes associated with the reporting-parameters may consist of a single letter only per each reporting-parameter, e.g., A, B, C etc.

[0053] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter the WMCI-tag may comprise a dial rotatably secured to the base layer from below, wherein angularly spaced regions on the upper face of the dial differ in color (and may further differ in a pattern by which each color is provided), wherein the dial and the base layer are mutually configured to allow only a predetermined area at a time to be selected from the angularly spaced regions for becoming visible, either through an opening in the base layer, or from beyond an edge of the base layer.

[0054] In various embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter the dial may be provided with a ratchet stopper allowing its rotation in one direction (clockwise or anticlockwise) only.

[0055] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the base layer may comprise an opening on its upper surface, exposing a colored surface of a slidable plate located in a plane under the opening. The slidable plate may comprise up to four colored regions, each marked differently than the others (either by color, by character, by pattern, or by a combination thereof).

[0056] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter in which the severity of the medical situation of the harmed person is marked on the WMCI-tag by color and / or by pattern, a QR-code unique to each color may be printed accompanying the (e.g., printed in black within the area of each) respective color, whereby providing the DRA with a means for rapidly revealing the severity of the medical situation by QR-code recognition.

[0057] In the context of the presently disclosed subject matter ‘upper face’ is the side where markable data to be captured by the camera is provided.

[0058] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the DRA is configured to generate an indication, e.g., an alert on the screen of the mobile communication device, prompting its user to retake a photo of an MCI-tag in case of failure to successfully or reliably decode a previously taken photo into a PMCIS record.

[0059] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the DRA is configured to generate an indication, e.g., an alert on the screen of the mobile communication device, prompting its user to retake a photo of an MCI-tag incase of failure to successfully or reliably decode a previously taken photo into a PMCIS record.

[0060] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the DRA is configured to instruct the camera to take additional pictures of an MCI-tag in case of failure to successfully or reliably decode a previously taken photo (or series of successive photo frames) into a PMCIS record.

[0061] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the DRA is configured to instruct the camera to take additional pictures of an MCI-tag in case of failure to successfully or reliably decode a previously taken photo (or series of successive photo frames) into a PMCIS record.

[0062] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the DRA may be further configured to communicate with a body-camera (in the context of the present disclosure the term “body camera” refers to any camera other than a camera inherent to the mobile communication device, for example to a head-worn camera) through a low-power direct pairing communication protocol (e.g. Bluetooth®), to alter modes of operation of the body-camera and to retrieve from the body-camera PMCIS-records generated by image-interpretation algorithm running onboard of the body-camera.

[0063] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the DRA may be further configured to communicate with a head-worn camera, wherein the head-worn camera comprises illumination unit, e.g, LED illuminating in the visible and / or near IR wavelength ranges according to the wavelength ranges visible to photosensor / s of the head-worn camera, wherein the DRA is configured to instruct the head-worn camera to turn the illumination on when taking a photo of the WMCI-tag in insufficient ambient illumination, and / or to instruct the head-worn camera to activate an onboard pointing means such as red light laser diode or a narrow angle LED, whereby assisting the user wearing the camera to aim his / her head toward the WMCI-tag for taking a photo of the tag knowing (once the pointing means points on the WMCI-tag) that the head-worn camera is aligned correctly toward it.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0064] The present disclosed subject matter will be understood and appreciated more fully from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the drawings in which corresponding or like numerals or characters indicate corresponding or like components. Unless indicated otherwise, the drawings provide exemplary embodiments or aspects of the disclosure and do not limit the scope of the disclosure. In the drawings:

[0065] FIG. 1 is a front view of an MCI-tag according to a first embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter.

[0066] FIG. 1A is a front perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with dashed line showing some hidden parts (unseen in front view in reality) of the tag.

[0067] FIG. IB is a perspective view of the backside of the MCI-tag of the embodiment of FIG. 1 with dashed line showing some hidden parts (unseen in backside view in reality) of the tag.

[0068] FIG. 2 is a front view of an MCI-tag according to a second embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter.

[0069] FIG. 2A is a front perspective view of the embodiment of FIG. 2 with dashed line showing some hidden parts (unseen in front view in reality) of the tag.

[0070] FIG. 2B is a perspective view of a folding color-plate being part of the embodiment of FIG. 2, in position outside the tag and partially folded to reveal two of its four colored faces.

[0071] FIG. 2C is a perspective view of a folding color-plate being part of the embodiment of FIG. 2, in position outside the tag and partially folded in a direction opposite that of Fig. 2B, to reveal another two of its four colored faces.

[0072] FIG. 2D is a perspective view of the backside of the MCI-tag of the embodiment of FIG. 2 with dashed line showing some hidden parts (unseen in backside view in reality) of the tag.

[0073] FIG. 2E is a right-side view of the MCI-tag of the embodiment of FIG. 2

[0074] FIG. 3 is a front view of an MCI-tag according to a third embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter.

[0075] FIG. 3 A shows front views of a folding color-plate being part of the embodiment of FIG. 3, in position outside the tag to reveal its four colored faces, two of which are in the top portion of the FIG., and another two are in the bottom portion of the FIG.

[0076] FIG. 4 is a front view of an MCI-tag according to a fourth embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter, having a non-folding four-color color-plate (the non-folding four-color color-plate shown twice in the FIG., once per each of its opposite sides).

[0077] FIG. 5 is a front view of an MCI-tag according to a fifth embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter

[0078] FIG. 5A is a front view of color-tabs being part of the embodiment of FIG.5, taken apart from the tag to reveal their contours.

[0079] FIG. 6 is a front view of a rotatably folding MCI-tag according to the presently disclosed subject matter, shown in its unfolded state.

[0080] FIG. 6A is a front view of the rotatably folding MCI-tag of FIG. 6, shown in a partially folded state.

[0081] FIG. 6B is a front view of the rotatably folding MCI-tag of FIG. 6, shown in a fully folded state.

[0082] FIG. 6C is an enlargement of a region of the tag of FIG. 6 revealing a pivot connection between main parts of the tag of FIG. 6, in a cross-section view.

[0083] FIG. 7 is a front view of a folding MCI-tag according to the presently disclosed subject matter, shown in its unfolded state.

[0084] FIG. 7A is a front view of the folding MCI-tag of FIG. 7, shown in a partially folded state.

[0085] FIG. 7B is a front view of the folding MCI-tag of FIG. 6, shown in a fully folded state.

[0086] FIG. 8 is a front view of a perforated MCI-tag according to the presently disclosed subject matter.

[0087] FIG. 8A is an enlargement view of a snap connection embedded in the MCI tag of FIG. 8.

[0088] FIG. 8A is the MCI-tag of FIG. 8, after breaking it in its perforation and connecting two broken tag parts with the embedded snap connection.

[0089] FIGS 8C and 8D show examples of perforation arrangements for the embodiment of FIG. 8, reinforced against unintentional breaking.

[0090] FIG. 9 is a front view of an MCI-tag according to another embodiment in which mechanically manipulable indicator members of the MCI-tag comprise sliding-panels in addition to breakaway regions according to the presently disclosed subject matter.

[0091] FIG. 10 is a in interaction scheme between a DR A according to the presently disclosed subject matter, modules of a mobile device on which the DRA is installed, and the outer environment with which they interact.

[0092] FIG. 11 is a block diagram presenting an embodiment of a system according to the presently disclosed subject matter.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0093] Fig. 1 illustrates an MCI-tag according to a first embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter. The MCI-tag may be made from a piece of waterproof material (e.g., a polymer, such as ABS plastic) securable to a person’s body or associated clothing by a tying arrangement (which may be based e.g., on apertures 102, formed in a polymeric board 100 constituting said piece of waterproof material, through which a tying thread may be inserted and / or knotted), and comprising a base plate 101 having a plurality of spaced apart weakened-regions 103 each constituting a breakable region (delineated by fracture-guides 103g) which is manually breakable and easily removable (e.g., by tearing) off the base plate upon manually bending it (e.g., once or twice) with respect to a remaining main portion of the base plate 100. Each breakable region may be connected to the base plate, e.g. , from three directions, through three connecting bridge segments 103s, respectively, one per each of the three directions. The bridge segment 103s may be positioned in the middle of each side of the breakable region. Their size may be, e.g., between 0.5-1 millimeters per each of their three dimensions (and regardless of the thickness of the base plate, which may be thicker than the bridge segments).

[0094] A human body icon 107 may be printed (and / or imprinted) on an upper face of the base plate 101, divided into main body parts, e.g., head, chest, abdomen and legs (representing the four limbs), or e.g., head, hands, chest, abdomen and legs. Next to each printed body part there is a respective breakable region 103 (which once broken, may indicate that a casualty wearing the tag has an injury in that part of the body).

[0095] A unique QR-code 105 may be printed on the upper face of the WMCI-tag for identification of the WMCI-tag, whereby providing each WMCI-tag with a unique ID constituting a UIDQR-code distinguishing each respective WMCI-tag from and uniquely identifying it among all other WMCI-tags.

[0096] The UIDQR-code 105 is provided from above a non-breakable portion of an WMCI-tag. The content of the UIDQR or a portion thereof, may be printed next to it in human readable characters (an example reciting “2034089037” is shown in the FIG.). The last digits (e.g., last three digits) of the code may be printed larger in size, to allow medical personnel to locally recognize and / or refer to a casualty on-site more promptly (i.e., without announcing the full UIDQR-code, whenever the last two or three digits are unique on-site, given the number of patients, and hence of MCI-tags and respective UIDQR-codes of relevance to a given triaging site).

[0097] The breakable regions 103 are located at edges of the base plate, whereby each having one edge facing away from the base plate.

[0098] A Yes / No-reporting QR code 106 may be printed on each breakable region 103 of the tag. The presence of the breakaway region 103 may be interpreted as the patient bearing the tag has “No” special issue or relevance with regard to the medical or logistical parameter presented on the base plate in alignment with that breakable region, wherein absence of a breakable region 103 once removed, may be interpreted as “Yes”, i.e., the medical or logistical parameter presented on the base-plate in alignment with the breakable region is of special issue or relevance with regard to the patient. Each QR code 106 may be specific by content to the breakable region on which it is printed. For example the content of the QR code 106a printed on the breakable region next to the character “1” (which is printed on the upper face of the base plate, and may represent a reportable Yes / No triaging item) may be decoded “A”, the content of the QR code 106b printed on the breakable region next to the character “2” may be decoded “B”, the content of the QR code 106f printed on the breakable region next to the reportable triaging item “Abdomen” may be decoded “F”, the content of the QR code 106i printed on the breakable region next to the reportable triaging item “Age<12” may be decoded “I”, and so on. Practically one or two characters may suffice to uniquely identify each of the (and hence distinguish between all) parameters presented on the MCI-tag. Consequently, the amount of information in each QR code may be minimized, whereby allowing to provide the physically printed code satisfactorily large in dimensions, to minimize difficulties in optical recognition in faint illumination conditions and / or when tag image is taken with a flat line of sight (i.e., shot is taken along a shallow angle of view, e.g. less than 45 degrees, such as between 15-45 degrees with respect to an upper surface of the MCI-tag).

[0099] The area occupied by each QR print of the Yes / No-reporting (or Positive / Negative-reporting) QR codes 106 may be more than half, e.g., nearly whole, the area of the breakable region on which it is printed. Once removed, the DRA may easily recognize that the related breakable region has been removed from the base plate, by identifying that the QR code printed on that breakable region (and decoded respectively) is missing from the tag.

[0100] The WMCI-tag 100 may comprise a dial 110 rotatably secured to the base layer 101 from below, by a pivot 111.

[0101] Four angularly spaced regions on the upper face of the dial 110 differ in color (e.g., an area marked G in the FIGs is actually colored green, an area marked Y is actually colored yellow, an area marked R is actually colored red, and an area marked B is actually colored black), wherein the dial and the base layer are mutually configured to allow only a predetermined area at a time to be selected from the angularly spaced regions for becoming visible, through an opening 108 in the base layer.

[0102] Each of the four angularly spaced regions has its unique color. The color on a given angular region 110A may be printed also on a protrusion 11 Op extending from an angular region in a direction away from the center of the dial. The protrusion may exceed the edges of the polymeric board 100 at least when the dial is at specific angular ranges with respect to the polymeric board, whereby facilitating rotation of the dial by a user’ s thumb or pointing finger. The color on the protrusion may serve a hint for the color to be revealed through the opening 108 next, e.g., per 90 degrees pivoting of the dial from its current position, either clockwise or counterclockwise, in the illustrated embodiment, in which the unique color of each of the angularly spaced regions is hidden under the base plate, when an angularly spaced region is 90 degrees away from the opening 108, revealing only its respective protrusion as a hint. The base plate comprises arched indentations 109 formed to the left and to the right of the dial 110, respectively, through which two of the four protrusions 11 Op are visible and accessible to be manipulated for ease of pivoting the dial from one of its four stationary positions to the next. The dial may comprise auxiliary protrusions 1 lOap evenly distributed in the angular spaces between protrusions 11 Op, for assisting a user in turning the dial. An auxiliary protrusion llOap is advantageous since it reaches respective arched indentation 109 and becomes manipulable by user fingers when a respective neighboring protrusion IlOp exits the arched indentation and reaches behind the base plate upon turning.

[0103] Each of the four colors, green, yellow, red and black, represent a different respective severity of the medical condition of the related casualty. The DRA may recognize the color appearing in the opening 108, either directly by analyzing the color-related photo signals generated by the camera, or through identifying a QR code or a letter or a graphical pattern associated with the color and printed on each of the four angularly spaced regions of the dial (or on colored regions of a color-plate which substitute the dial in other embodiments of the presently disclosed subject matter) respectively.

[0104] The dial may comprise means for stabilizing its position to show one color at a time through the opening 108 and to avoid (or minimize the odds for) unintentional change in the angular orientation of the dial of colors. In the illustrated embodiment, the means for stabilizing the position of the dial comprises a tongue HOT (which is a piece of the polymeric board, formed as a cantilevered tab functioning as a flex-tab in engaging between mutual bulge -indentation catch arrangement) which has one of bulge and indentation 1 lOi at its backside adapted to engage with one of four complementing indentations or bulges HOB located on each of the colored regions, respectively (in case the flex -tab 110T is provided with an indentation, the colored regions are provided each with a complementary bulge, and in case the flex-tab HOT is provided with a bulge, the colored regions are provided each with a complementary indentation). Once a bulge 11 OB engages with and being received within an indentation llOi, the dial will retain its angular position until forced to pivot away from that position. The flex-tab is configured to require a predetermined pivoting force to be exerted before disengagement between the bulge and indentation, pair said predetermined pivoting force is engineered to be greater than expected from unintentional interventions with the dial.

[0105] FIG. 2 is a front view of an MCI-tag according to a second embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter. The MCI-tag 200 of FIG. 2 differs from 100 of FIG. 1, mainly by missing the dial arrangement of MCI-tag 100, and in substitution of the dial 110 having the person-body icon 107 formed in the base plate from a plurality of openings 207 (rather than simply being printed): in the illustrated embodiment one opening 207 is shaped to represent a head, another to represent the chest, additional one to represent the abdomen, and two openings shaped to represent legs. In the MCI-tag 200 severity of the medical condition of the casualty is presented by a removable color plate 210 located underneath the openings 207 representing the body icon. The color plate 210 is manipulable (to withdraw and replace) through arched indentation 209 formed on the end of the base plate 201 next to the body icon 207.

[0106] The colored plate is slidably insertable into and held in position underneath the base plate 201, e.g., by a pair of parallel facing grooves 212 extending on a bottom face of the base plate from both sides of the body icon 207. The color plate 210 is a two-fold piece foldable by half, thus may have four colored regions (two from each side), each colored region spannable by its own at a time, under the body icon openings

[0107] FIG. 2D is a perspective view of the backside of the MCI-tag of the embodiment of FIG. 2 with dashed line 210 showing the area that will become occupied by a color plate 210 to be inserted through the facing grooves 212.

[0108] FIG. 3 is a front view of an MCI-tag according to a third embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter, differing from the embodiment of Fig. 2, by orientation of the body icon with respect to the base plate, and by the construction and design of the foldable color-plate, which in the MCI-tag 300 comprises a pair of handles 313 having a snap connection 313s removably lockable into a respective indentation 314 formed in the base plate 301 next to the body icon created by openings 307 formed as human body regions through an upper panel of the base plate 301.

[0109] The foldable color plate 310 may have tiny peep openings 315 (having an opening area each between l%-3% of the total area of the foldable color plate 310) that once the plate is folded to either of its two folding directions become aligned with respective tiny colored regions 315c, colored respectively to reveal what two colors are hidden inside the fold, whereby guiding the user (seeking for a coloring the body icon with the appropriate color) whether to just turn the folded plate to its other side, or to fold it in the opposite folding direction, for getting to the desired color through the body icon openings 307.

[0110] FIG. 4 is a front view of an MCI-tag 400 according to a fourth embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter, having a non-folding four-color color-plate 410, having a single handle 413. The plate may be inserted into facing grooves at the backside of the base plate (e.g., like grooves 212), either from the right (to be snap-connected into handle receiving indentation 414R) or from the left (to be snap-connected into handle receiving indentation 414L) for placing the desired one of four colors underneath opening 408. In the MCI-tag 400, the body icon 407 is printed as in 100.

[0111] FIG. 5 is a front view of an MCI-tag 500 according to a fifth embodiment of the presently disclosed subject matter. In this embodiment, a black color strip 516 is printed as a default on an upper face of the base plate 501. The remaining three colors are provided on three respective pivotable plates hidden underneath a cover 517 elevated from above the face of the base plate 501, and having handles marked R Y G for facilitating pivoting the desired-one of the three color plates, for covering the default with the color that appropriately represents the severity of the medical condition of the casualty.

[0112] Referring now to FIGs 6-6C, a rotatably folding MCI-tag 600 according to the presently disclosed subject matter is disclosed.. The base plate of the rotatably folding MCI-tag 600 is comprised from a first base plate member 601a , pivotably secured to a second base plate member 601b through a pivot connection 602. The pivot connection 602 functions as a hinge allowing respective rotation between the first and the second base plate members about an axis of rotation which is perpendicular to the plane of the base plate at the center of the pivot connection 602. Mutually snapping protrusion and groove pairs 604p and 604g may be provided one on the first base plate member and is counterpart on the second base plate member for keeping the first and second base plate members 601a and 601b aligned along a common longitudinal axis A in either of their folded (FIG 6B) and their deployed (FIG 6) states.

[0113] Additionally or alternatively, their pivot connection 602 may include (FIG 6C) mutually snapping protrusion and groove pairs 605p and 605g angularly spaced by 180 degrees about the axis of rotation 602A, for the same purpose (i.e., keeping the first and second base plate members 601a and 601b aligned along the common longitudinal axis A).

[0114] Referring to FIGs 7 - 7B, another embodiment of a folding MCI-tag according to the presently disclosed subject matter is shown. The base plate of the rotatably folding MCI-tag 700 is comprised from a first base plate member 701a , secured to a second base plate member 701b through an articulated joint 702. The articulated joint 702 (e.g., an integral hinge, a thin nylon or PVC sheet attached to both base plate members by thermal welding, or any desired ) functions as a hinge allowing respective angular motion of the second base plate member with respect to the first base plate member, between a folding state (FIG 7B) in which they lay back to back (or face to face), and a deployed state (FIG 7) in which they extend along a common plane, facing both in one direction. Mutually snapping protrusion and orifice pairs 704p and 704o may be provided one on the first base plate member and its complementary part on the second base plate member for keeping the first and second base plate members 701a and 70 lo immovably connected in their deployed (FIG 7) state to form a rigid planar continuum.

[0115] Referring to FIGs 8 - 8D, an embodiment of a perforated MCI-tag 800 according to the presently disclosed subject matter is shown. In this embodiment a first portion 80 li of a base plate 801 carries the UIDQR-code 801q wherein a second portion 80 Ip of a base plate 801 carries a plurality of breakable regions 103 (see FIG 1) andany other manipulable medical-status related indicators. In case of mistake or reversal in a medical-status indication appearing on the second portion 801p of the base plate 801 (which cannot be reversed, e.g., because a related breakable region 103 was already removed, a reporting responder can use the perforation arrangement 804 for removing the entire second portion 801p from the first portion 801i of a base plate 801, and replace it with a new second portion 801p torn from an unused MCI-tag 800. The base plate comprises snap connectors (e.g., such as peg and aperture pair SI S2 exemplified in an enlarged cross section view in FIG 8A) for securing together the existing first portion 801i of a base plate 801 and the new second portion 801p, whereby allowing to amend and / or update the medical status indicators to match the true condition of parameters relating to the patient, without altering the UIDQR-code 80 Iq by which this patient has been identified.

[0116] FIG. 8 is a front view of a perforated MCI-tag according to the presently disclosed subject matter.

[0117] FIG. 8 A is an enlargement view of a snap connection embedded in the MCI tag of FIG. 8.

[0118] FIG. 8 A is the MCI-tag of FIG. 8, after breaking it in its perforation and connecting two broken tag parts with the embedded snap connection.

[0119] FIGS 8C and 8D are examples of perforation arrangements for the embodiment of FIG. 8, reinforced against unintentional breaking. FiG. 8D depicts a perforation line 806 on the base plate 800, designed to allow the WMCI-tag to be broken into two parts. The line is not entirely straight; it features diagonal deviations 806d that create a subtle zigzag or angled offset in the direction of the perforation line. Specifically, it starts at one edge, angles downward slightly, runs horizontally for a portion, and then angles upward to meet the opposite edge, all marked with dashed lines to indicate the perforation.

[0120] FIG. 8C shows an alternative perforation line 805 on the same base plate 800. Here, the deviations 805d are parallel rather than diagonal, resulting in a stepped or offset pattern. The line begins at one edge, runs horizontally, then shifts downward in a short vertical step, continues horizontally at the lower level, and finally shifts upward again in a parallel step to align with the opposite edge, again indicated by dashed lines.

[0121] In these perforation designs, the deviation from the traditional straight-line perforation 804 of FIG 8, enhanced resistance to accidental folding or breaking is introduced. In a traditional straight perforation, the tag might fold spontaneously alongthe weakened line due to everyday handling, bending, or stress, potentially leading to unintended damage. By incorporating diagonal offsets (e.g., as shown in FIG 8D), e.g., between 30-45 degrees of perforation sections of between 3-10 millimeters in length, or parallel steps (e.g., as shown in FIG 8C) with a gap between 2-8 millimeters between parallel longitudinal axes of the stepped perforation sections, the perforation requires a greater and more deliberate application of force to initiate and complete the break. This makes the card more durable and stable during normal use while still allowing controlled separation when desired, effectively balancing ease of intentional breaking with prevention of unwanted folding or fracturing.

[0122] FIG. 9 illustrates a front view of an MCI-tag 900 according to another embodiment in which mechanically manipulable indicator members of the MCI-tag comprise sliding-panels 911 and 912 in addition to a plurality of breakaway regions 103 according to the presently disclosed subject matter. In this embodiment the breakaway regions 103 on the left of the tag 900 are associated each with a respective portion of the human-body symbol 907, and the breakaway regions 103 on the right of the tag 900 are associated each with a respective medical or personal parameter to be reported.

[0123] Though not shown here, QR-codes are printed on each of the breakaway regions 103 as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, for uniquely associated each breakaway region with a respective medical logistical or personal parameter relating to the patient.

[0124] With attention to dashed reference line H it can be appreciated that in the present embodiment the breakaway regions 103 are arranged to the right and to the left intermittently, i.e., the breakaway regions on the left are arranged with a shift (offset) of about 0.5 the height of a breakaway tab 103 in the distances of the breakaway regions from a lower end of the tag, compared to the distances of the breakaway regions on the right, from the lower end of the tag. Consequently (and since each breakaway tab 103 on one left or right end of the tag faces a non-breakable region 917 on the opposite right or left end of the tag), the breakaway regions on both sides are more secured each from becoming unintentionally fractured when a user intentionally maneuvers from the opposite side of the tag a tab 103 to be intentionally fractured.

[0125] In various embodiments which incorporate a sliding panel, at least one icon (e.g. X for reporting “negative” or V for reporting “positive” with respect to a parameter to be reported by moving the sliding-panel 911, or 912) is printed on the upper face of the sliding panel. The icon becomes visible through display opening (“window”) 913formed in the base plate, only upon bringing the sliding panel to a position in which the desired icon is aligned under the appropriate opening 913. Additionally or alternatively, a QR-code may be printed on the sliding panel to be displayed through the same or through another display opening 913 once bringing the sliding panel to a position in which the QR-code is aligned under the desired opening 913. The sliding panels 911 and 912 are movable independently, each between two opposite positions with respect to the base plate, through sliding tracks (like grooves 212) or through a pocket formed in the base plate between an upper face and a bottom face of the base plate.

[0126] Each sliding panel 911, 912, is manually movable upon overcoming a predetermined friction force between the sliding panel and a body of the base-plate, the predetermined friction force is configured to prevent unintentional motion of the sliding panel with respect to the main board.

[0127] A first end of the sliding panel is configured to occupy (when the sliding panel is in a first position with respect to the base plate) a narrow slit 910 extending from and perpendicular to a first edge of the main board 901, a second end of the sliding panel opposite the first end is configured to occupy (when the sliding panel is in a second position with respect to the base plate, opposite said first position) a narrow slit 910 extending from and perpendicular to a second edge of the main board opposite the first edge.

[0128] Each slit 910 may have a width of, e.g., between 2-4 millimeters. Consequently, pushing the sliding panel between the two opposite positions requires manipulating the sliding panel with an external key element having a width less than the width of the slit 910. A sufficiently narrow key element (e.g., an already removed breakaway tab 103, having a width similar to that of the base plate, e.g., approximately 1.5 millimeter) may be inserted into a slit currently occupied by the sliding panel (e.g., the left side slit referring to the illustrate position of sliding panel 911, or e.g., the right side slit referring to the illustrate position of sliding panel 912) for pushing the related sliding panel from its current position with respect to the base plate toward to an opposite position, i.e., into the slit extending from the opposite edge of the main board.

[0129] In the illustrated position, sliding panel 912 is in its rightmost position, revealing X through the right display opening 913, and an QR-code informing “negative” through the left display opening 913. This informs that the patient wearing tag 900 is in loss of consciousness (LOC) condition. Once the condition is reversed, amedical team member may reverse the indication by pushing the sliding panel 912 back to its leftmost position. Doing so, the QR code on the left display opening 910 will be shifted from the opening and replaced by a V mark (as currently shown on the left display opening of sliding panel 911 which relates e.g., to the homeostasis status of the patient). Likewise, the X mark displayed on the right display window 913 of sliding panel 912, will be replaced by a QR-code (printed to the right of the X mark, yet hidden under the base plate in the illustrated position) informing “positive” through the left display opening 913. This informs that the patient wearing tag 900 in conscious.

[0130] In various embodiments which incorporate narrow slits 910, or which comprise narrow slit constituted by fracture guides 103g, outwardly facing end of the respective slit may be provided on both slit sides with rounded contour such as 910e, having a radius, e.g., between 0.5-2 millimeter, for minimizing inconvenience which may result from occasional interference between the slit and between objects in the environment, e.g. garment parts, equipment cables and the like.

[0131] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the DRA may configured to convert a photo of the tag taken by the camera of the mobile communication device into a PMCIS record reflecting the status of the patient, relying (either independently or in a combination between) on one or more of (i) the absence of presence QR-code contents appearing throughout the surface of the WMCI-tag; (ii) the outer contour of the WMCI-tag (the outer contour may depend, e.g., on presence or absence of breakaway tabs 103, and / or, e.g., on presence or absence of ends of sliding panels 911 and 912 in the slits 910); (iii) the graphical information appearing on the surface of the WMCI-tag.

[0132] FIG. 10 is a scheme of interaction between a DRA according to the presently disclosed subject matter and modules of a mobile device on which the DRA is installed, and the outer environment with which they interact. In the illustrated embodiment the DRA is an E&O DRA, which is a DRA configured to allow submission of a PMCIS record of a specific tag back into an electronic memory, which in some systems according to the presently disclosed subject matter may be embedded in the WMCI-tags and exchange information with mobile (or other) devices, through an NFC.

[0133] The internal camera (denoted CAM) of the mobile device on which the DRA 1102 is installed is in communicating with the DRA for receiving instructions to capture images of WMCI-tags 1100. In case a user of the mobile device has a body-camera (e.g., head-worn camera 1104), denoted in FIG. 10 Body-Cam, the images of WMCI-tags 1100 may be captured by the Body-Cam, with which the DRA may communicate using low-power direct pairing communication protocol (e.g. Bluetooth®) denoted in FIG 10. BT.

[0134] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the Body-Cam may be a head-worn camera and may comprise an illumination unit, e.g, LED illuminating in the visible and / or near IR wavelength ranges according to the wavelength ranges visible to photosensor / s of the head-worn camera, wherein the DRA is configured to instruct the head-worn camera to turn the illumination on when taking a photo of the WMCI-tag in insufficient ambient illumination.

[0135] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, the Body-Cam may be a head-worn camera and may comprise an onboard pointing means such as red light laser diode or a narrow angle LED, which the DRA may instruct to activate for assisting the user wearing the camera to aim his / her head toward the WMCI-tag 1100 for taking a photo of the tag knowing (once the pointing means points on the WMCI-tag) that the head-worn camera is aligned correctly toward it.

[0136] Once a picture of the WMCI-tag had been successfully acquired, the Body-Cam may be configured to convert the image into a PMCIS record, and to transmit the record to the DRA via BT communication. The DRA may then furnish the PMCIS record with additional information accessible to the DRA from the mobile device, such as time (e.g., using the mobile device watch) and location (e.g., using the mobile device GPS receiver). The PMCIS records may then be forwarded to the Remote Server either upon creation of each or in batches including a plurality of PMCIS records in sequence, using the Cellular Network Access of the mobile device.

[0137] In Case mobile network is unavailable at the time submission of PMCIS records is desired, the DRA may use BT communication for relaying the PMCIS records to the Team Head’s mobile device (which may have access to satellite communication, and / or which may serve as a temporal local hub for gathering PMCIS records generated by the DRAs of a local team).

[0138] In case the WMCI-tags 1100 have embedded NFC memories, once a picture of a specific WMCI-tag was successfully translated to a respective PMCIS record in the DRA, the DRA may prompt the user to place the mobile device NFC antenna in range of the NFC antenna of the tag, for storing the PMCIS on the NFC memory of that WMCI-tag (the step of updating the WMCI-tag electronically by induction is indicatedin FIG. 10 by the curved dashed-line arrow pointing from the antenna of the mobile device marked NFC to the antenna marked with a black dot on the WMCI-tag 1100).

[0139] In various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject matter, for translating the image of the WMCI-tag into a respective PMCIS record, the DRA may launch a QR-Code Scanner installed on the operating system of the mobile device for retrieving multiple QR codes appearing on the WMCI-tag.

[0140] FIG. 11 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the overall architecture and data flow of an embodiment of a system according to the presently disclosed subject matter. The diagram depicts the key components, their interconnections, and communication pathways.

[0141] Mobile communication device 1100 of medical team members is represented as a rectangular block. Multiple instances (e.g., 1100a, 1100b, 1100c) are shown in a group to indicate a plurality of devices. Each contains a DRA 1102 as a sub-component and has an integrated camera internally accessible by the DRA 1102. A bidirectional twisted dashed-line arrow extends between mobile device 1100b and head- worn camera 1104 as a symbol for communication using low-power direct pairing communication protocol (e.g. Bluetooth®) between the mobile device 1100b and the head camera 1104 worn by the user of 1100b.

[0142] Head- worn camera 1104 is shown taking a picture of WMCI-tag 1108x, which is tied to a limb of a casualty identified by the tag with a UIDQR-code x. The picture is taken under instructions of the DRA of mobile device 1100b. The camera 1104 has an onboard WMCI-tag image deciphering algorithm for generating from the picture (once successfully acquired) a PMCIS record, and for transmitting the PMICS record to the DRA of mobile device 1100b, which can then accomplish it with additional information such as time and location which can be retrieved from the mobile device 1100b.

[0143] The mobile device 1100c is shown taking a picture (through its internal onboard camera) of WMCI-tag 1108y, which is tied to a limb of a casualty identified by the tag with a UIDQR-code y. The picture is taken under management of the DRA of mobile device 1100c, which generates from the picture (once successfully acquired) a PMCIS record accompanied by additional desired information that may be retrieved from the mobile device 1100c, such as time and location.

[0144] Team Leader's Mobile Communication Device 1100a also contains a DRA 1102 and in various embodiments according to the presently disclosed subject mattermay serve as a hub. Other mobile devices such as 1100b and 1100c may connect to team leader’s devicellOOa via low-power direct pairing communication protocol (e.g. Bluetooth®) either directly (as exemplified by the twisted dashed-line arrow between 1100c and 1100a) or via a chain (as exemplified by the twisted dashed-line arrow series between 1100b and 1100c series of dashed arrows between 1100b 1100c 1100a) to illustrate the Bluetooth® mesh for relaying data (in the illustrated situation, relying PMCIS records generated by the DRA of mobile device 1100b to team leader’s device 1100a) when direct cellular / satellite is unavailable to mobile device 1100b, and also low-power direct pairing communication protocol (e.g. Bluetooth®) between 1100b and 1100a fails due to distance between these devices. In such events, a mesh involving the mobile device 1100c may allow the DRA of device 1100b to relay its PMCIS records to device 1100a which occasionally may have either connectivity to mobile network 1107 or to satellite network 1108.

[0145] It is appreciated that the DRA may be configured to relay the PMCIS records it receives from the DRA of other devices (through low-power direct pairing communication protocol) directly to the cellular network, whenever the mobile device 1100c, has connectivity with the cellular network 1107.

[0146] PMCIS records may be transmitted to the remote server 1112 either individually or in packets of a predetermined number of PMCIS records at a time. Arrows show transmission from mobile communication devices 1100a or 1100c to the remote server 1112 via cellular network 1107 or satellite 1108 pathways. When cellular network 1107 is unavailable, twisted dashed-line arrows show redirect PMCIS records from mobile communication devices 1100b to 1100c and from 100c to 1100a, via Bluetooth® chain.

[0147] Remote server 1112 receives PMCIS records from all the mobile devices in the system cellular / satellite links. Database 1114 is controlled by the server 1112 to store, update, and provide authorized users with remote access to PMCIS records received from all DRAs 1102 in the system.

[0148] Database 1114 is Illustrated as a cylindrical database icon inside 1112, with notations (PMCIS 01, PMCIS 02, etc.) indicating accumulation of all PMCIS records from multiple teams. Double sided arrow between server 1112 indicates deposit into database 1114 and retrieval on demand (by authorized users, e.g., hospitals, MCI headquarters) of the PMCI records .

[0149] The following exemplify operational scenarios and mode of operation solutions for rescue systems very limited in resources, according to the presently disclosed subject matter:

[0150] As a first scenario suppose that a rescue organization in a specific country can afford only very low cost WMCI-tags (e.g., tags lacking any electronics). An operational scenario according to the presently disclosed subject matter may comprise the following triage and reporting steps:(i) a first medical responder equipped with a DRA application installed on a personal mobile device (usually his / her smartphone), configures a WMCI-tag to reflect the status of a first casualty including interventions made, attaches the WMCI-tag to the patient, and using the mobile device takes a picture of the WMCI- tag, and makes the picture available to the DRA to be internally processed into PMCIS record that carry an identity unique to said first casualty;(ii) the DRA may be configured to generate from the PMCIS a human inferable visualization on a screen of the mobile device, the visualization may be compatible with the real-time visual appearance captured by the camera from the WMCI-tag dedicated to said first casualty;(iii) the DRA may be further configured to allow the first responder to easily add or update the data related to each of the parameters monitored by the WMCI-tag, and to automatically document the updating history of those parameters, making such history a part of the PMCIS record.(iv) the DRA may be further configured to store the updated PMCIS record and to automatically transmit it to the MCI management center through cellular communication whenever available.

[0151] Suppose as a second scenario, that a rescue organization in a specific country can afford to have WMCI-tags which include also each an embedded / glued electronic circuit. An operational scenario according to the presently disclosed subject matter may comprise the following triage and reporting steps:(i) a first medical responder equipped with an E&O DRA application installed on a personal mobile device (usually his / her smartphone), configures a WMCI-tag to reflect the status of a first casualty including interventions made, attaches the WMCI-tag to the patient, and using the mobile device takes a picture of the WMCI- tag, and makes the picture available to the E&O DRA to be internally processed into PMCIS record that carries an identity unique to said first casualty, wherein thePMCIS may include also additional information retrievable from the personal mobile device, e.g., current time and GPS location. As mentioned in the first supposed scenario, the E&O DRA may be further configured to allow the first responder to easily add or update the data related to each of the parameters monitored by the WMCI-tag, and to automatically document the updating history of those parameters, making such history a part of the PMCIS record.(ii) The E&O DRA may be further configured to store the updated PMCIS record and to automatically transmit it to the MCI management center through cellular communication whenever available.The E&O DRA is configured to comprise a step in which a user is prompted (or may opt) to transmit and store the PMCIS back into an electronic memory (which constitutes a part of the electronic circuit embedded / glued to the PMCI-tag according to the second supposed scenario), whereby converting the visual status presented by the PMCI-tag (and which was inferred and translated into a PMCIS record from an image of the PMCI-tag captured by a camera in an earlier step), into an electronic record of same, stored on the PMCI-tag, through the NFC or other induction method in use, upon bringing the mobile-device into induction communication range with the electronics embedded in the PMCI-tag.

[0152] In cases involving prolonged local treatment in the absence of effective cellular communication, an electronics-equipped WMCI-tag according to the presently disclosed subject matter having the PMCIS record onboard of the tag itself, may serve as a local electronic medical file of the casualty / wounded patient using the following procedure: (i) a NEW medical staff member (hereinafter new medical responder) approaching the patient may notice (based on already breakable regions, e.g., relating to gender or age group of the patient) that the WMCI-tag was already filled-in by a former medical responder; the new medical responder may use the E&O DRA application on her / his smartphone to read the electronic tag memory and learn the wounded history of reports, interventions and (smartphone identified) staff members involved. The new medical responder may then update the PMCIS-record through the E&O DRA application and further update the memory of the electronic equipped WMCI-tag attached to the patient, upon bringing the mobile-device into induction communication range with the electronics embedded in the PMCI-tag. In the context of the present disclosure the wording “visual human readable value” refers to a textual or graphical representation designed for immediate comprehension and interpretation bythe human mind, typically using familiar symbols, languages, or icons that align with common cognitive patterns, allowing most people to grasp its meaning without specialized tools or extensive effort (e.g., plain text, numbers, diagrams, or simple emojis).

[0153] In contrast, a visual machine readable value is a visual encoding optimized for rapid decoding by machines or computers, such as patterns, sequences, or symbols (e.g., QR codes, binary strings like sequences of Is and Os, or complex alphanumeric hashes), where the embedded content is not immediately perceptible to the average human observer — even if visible to the naked eye — and would require significant time (minutes, hours or days) or auxiliary aids for manual deciphering by a person, assuming the content is straightforward and unencrypted.

[0154] This distinction acknowledges inherent ambiguities at the boundary: for instance, a simplistic QR code encoding a single letter might be quickly recognized by an experienced individual, yet it remains machine-readable by intent, as a truly human-readable alternative would directly present the letter in standard alphanumeric form rather than obfuscating it for machine efficiency.

[0155] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting according to the presently disclosed subject matter. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and / or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0156] The corresponding structures, materials, acts, and equivalents of all means or step plus function elements in the claims below are intended to include any structure, material, or act for performing the function in combination with other claimed elements as specifically claimed. The description of the present disclosed subject matter has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the disclosed subject matter in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit according to the presently disclosed subject matter. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principlesaccording to the presently disclosed subject matter and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the disclosed subject matter for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A system comprising (i) a plurality of WMCI-tags, each comprising on an upper face thereof a plurality of mechanically manipulable indicator members; (ii) a plurality of mobile communication devices, each comprising an operating system, a DRA installed on the operating system, and a camera accessible to the DRA; and (iii) at least a first remote-server wirelessly accessible by at least one of the mobile communication devices;wherein the DRA is configured to retrieve through the camera an image of a WMCI-tag decided by a user of the mobile device to be reported through the system, to convert the image into a PMCIS record based on statuses visible in the image of the mechanically manipulable indicator members, and to communicate to a remote database PMCIS records generated for WMCI-tags decided by the user of the mobile device to be reported through the system, upon availability of wireless communication between the least one of the mobile communication devices and a server associated with the remote database.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein the DRA is configured to cooperate with a body-camera worn by a user of the mobile device in which the DRA is installed, for retrieving images of WMCI-tags through the body-camera.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the body-camera is associated with an onboard processor configured to convert the images of the WMCI-tags into respective PMCIS records and to communicate to the DRA PMCIS records.

4. A WMCI-tag for use in a system according to claim 1, comprising a polymeric base plate and a UIDQR-code printed on an upper face of the base plate, wherein at least some of the mechanically manipulable indicator members carry each on an outer face thereof a QR-code as an identifier of a logistic or medicalparameter with which a respective mechanically manipulable indicator member is associated.

5. A WMCI-tag for use in a system according to claim 1, comprising a polymeric base plate and a UIDQR-code printed on an upper face of the base plate, wherein the mechanically manipulable indicator members comprise a dial plate pivotably secured to the base plate and having angularly distributed colored regions, one of which may be displayed through a display opening formed in the base plate as a background color while the other regions are hidden behind a body of the base plate, wherein the color to be displayed through the display opening may be selected by pivoting the base plate into a position in which a currently desired color is displayed through the display opening.

6. A WMCI-tag for use in a system according to claim 1, comprising a polymeric base plate and a UIDQR-code printed on an upper face of the base plate, wherein the mechanically manipulable indicator members comprise a sliding insert having four differently colored face regions, one of which is visually revealable at a time through a display opening formed in the base plate.

7. A WMCI-tag according to claim 6 wherein the display opening is contoured as a schematic analogous of a human body comprising a head-analogous opening portion, limb-analogous opening portion, abdomen-analogous opening portion and chest-analogous opening portion, whereby constituting a human body analogous display opening wherein a background color displayed through depends on what face from the four differently colored face regions of the sliding insert is currently aligned to face through the display opening.

8. A WMCI-tag for use in a system according to claim 1, comprising a base plate formed from a polymeric material and a UIDQR-code printed on an upper face of the base plate, wherein the mechanically manipulable indicator memberscomprise a plurality of breakable regions each separably breakable from a body of the base plate along a line of weakness formed in the polymeric material and constituting a fracture -guide, wherein each of the breakable regions is associated with a predetermined logistical or medical parameter which may be either in consistency or lacking consistency with a condition of a patient identified by the UIDQR-code, whereby presence of a breakable region as an integral part of the base plate may be interpreted as inconsistency between the parameter associated with that breakable region and a logistical or medical condition of the patient identified by the UIDQR-code, wherein absence of that breakable region from the base plate may be interpreted as a consistency between the parameter associated with that breakable region and a logistical or medical condition of the patient identified by the UIDQR-code.

9. A WMCI-tag for use in a system according to claim 1, comprising a base plate formed from a polymeric material and a UIDQR-code printed on an upper face of the base plate, wherein the mechanically manipulable indicator members comprise a sliding-panel, at least one icon or QR-code printed on the sliding panel, movable between two opposite positions with respect to a base-plate, wherein the sliding panel is manually movable upon overcoming a predetermined friction force between the sliding panel and a body of the baseplate, the predetermined friction force is configured to prevent unintentional motion of the sliding panel with respect to the main board, a first end of the sliding panel is configured to occupy a narrow slit extending from and perpendicular to a first edge of the main board, a second end of the sliding panel opposite the first end is configured to occupy a narrow slit extending from and perpendicular to a second edge of the main board opposite the first edge, a length of the sliding panel is shorter than a framework width defined as adistance between the first edge and the second edge from which the narrow slits respectively extend, shorter by at least a desired motion range of the sliding panel between the two opposite positions, a length of each of the slits is at least as large as a desired motion range of the sliding-panel, each slit has a width of between 2-4 millimeters, thus pushing the sliding panel between the two opposite positions requires manipulating the sliding panel with an external key element having a width less than the width of the slit, the external key element thus being insertable into a slit currently occupied by the sliding panel for pushing the sliding panel toward the slit extending from the opposite edge of the main board.

10. A DRA application to be installed on the mobile devices in a system according to claim 1 , the DRA application comprises an algorithm configured to translate a digital photograph of a given WMCI-tag into a digital PMCIS record including an identification of a patient to which the PMCIS record relates based on the UIDQR-code of the given WMCI-tag and based on the statuses of the mechanically manipulable indicator members visible respectively in each of the images.

11. A DRA application to be installed on the mobile devices in a system according to claim 1 , further configured to communicate with a body-camera through a low-power direct pairing communication protocol, to alter modes of operation of the body-camera and to retrieve from the body-camera PMCIS-records generated by image-interpretation algorithm running onboard of the bodycamera.

12. The DRA application according to claim 10, wherein in a plurality of the mechanically manipulable indicator members a status of each of these indicator members is associated with a dedicated QR-code.

3. The DRA application according to claim 12, wherein the algorithm is configured to translate the photograph into a respective PMCIS record by launching a multiple QR-code scanning for recognizing the status of each of plurality of the mechanically manipulable indicator members based on whether the dedicated QR-code of each is present in the photograph.

Images