Display panel including structure for increasing light efficiency and head-mounted electronic device including same

Abstract

This head-mounted electronic device may comprise a display panel. The display panel may include a light-emitting layer including a light-emitting portion. The display panel may include a filter layer disposed above the light-emitting layer and including a color filter overlapping the light-emitting portion. The display panel may include a lens layer disposed above the filter layer and including a first microlens overlapping a first portion of the color filter and a second microlens overlapping a second portion of the color filter. The display panel may include a light-transmitting layer configured to deflect light emitted from the light-emitting portion via the color filter such that the light is further transmitted to the first microlens relative to the second microlens.

Description

A display panel including a structure for increasing light efficiency and a head-worn electronic device including the same

[0001] The following descriptions relate to a display panel including a structure for increasing light efficiency and a head-worn electronic device including the same.

[0002] The electronic device may include a display panel. For example, the electronic device may include a wearable device worn on a part of a user's body. The display panel may be used to display an image. For example, light emitted from the display panel may be provided to the user (or the user's eyes).

[0003] The information described above may be provided as related art for the purpose of aiding understanding of the present disclosure. No claim or determination is made as to whether any of the foregoing may be applied as prior art related to the present disclosure.

[0004] A head-worn electronic device may include a display panel. The display panel may include a light-emitting layer comprising a light-emitting portion. The display panel may include a filter layer disposed above the light-emitting layer and comprising a color filter that overlaps the light-emitting portion. The display panel may include a lens layer disposed above the filter layer and comprising a first microlens that overlaps a first portion of the color filter and a second microlens that overlaps a second portion of the color filter. The display panel may include a light-transmitting layer configured to deflect light so that light emitted from the light-emitting portion through the color filter is further transmitted to the first microlens relative to the second microlens.

[0005] A head-worn electronic device may include a display panel. The display panel may include a light-emitting layer comprising a light-emitting portion. The display panel may include a filter layer disposed above the light-emitting layer and comprising a color filter that overlaps the light-emitting portion. The display panel may include a lens layer disposed above the filter layer and comprising a first microlens that overlaps a first portion of the color filter and a second microlens that overlaps a second portion of the color filter. The display panel may include a light-transmitting layer configured to deflect light such that a portion of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion through the color filter and transmitted to the first microlens is greater than another portion of the light transmitted to the second microlens.

[0006] A display panel may include a light-emitting layer comprising a light-emitting portion. The display panel may include a filter layer disposed above the light-emitting layer and comprising a color filter that overlaps the light-emitting portion. The display panel may include a lens layer disposed above the filter layer and comprising a first micro-lens that overlaps a first portion of the color filter and a second micro-lens that overlaps a second portion of the color filter. The display panel may include a light-transmitting layer configured to deflect light so that light emitted from the light-emitting portion through the color filter is further transmitted to the first micro-lens relative to the second micro-lens.

[0007] A display panel may include a light-emitting layer comprising a light-emitting portion. The display panel may include a filter layer disposed above the light-emitting layer and comprising a color filter that overlaps the light-emitting portion. The display panel may include a lens layer disposed above the filter layer and comprising a first microlens that overlaps a first portion of the color filter and a second microlens that overlaps a second portion of the color filter. The display panel may include a light-transmitting layer configured to deflect the light such that a portion of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion through the color filter and transmitted to the first microlens is greater than another portion of the light transmitted to the second microlens.

[0008] Figure 1a illustrates an example of a head-worn electronic device worn by a user.

[0009] FIG. 1b illustrates an example of a stacked structure of a display panel in a first region of the display panel.

[0010] FIG. 1c illustrates an example of a stacked structure of a display panel in a second region of the display panel.

[0011] FIG. 2a illustrates examples of the amount of light provided to a user's eye as light emitted by a light-emitting part included in a subpixel in a second region of a display panel passes through the lens of a head-worn electronic device.

[0012] FIG. 2b illustrates an example of a portion of light provided in an unintended direction as light emitted by a light-emitting part included in a subpixel in a second region of a display panel passes through the lens of a head-worn electronic device.

[0013] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a display panel including a light-transmitting layer to increase light efficiency.

[0014] FIG. 4 illustrates examples of increased light efficiency by using a display panel including a light-transmitting layer.

[0015] FIG. 5a illustrates examples of light-transmitting portions of a light-transmitting layer formed based on a diffractive optical element (DOE).

[0016] FIG. 5b illustrates an example of a light-transmitting portion of a light-transmitting layer formed based on a holographic optical element (HOE).

[0017] FIGS. 6 and FIGS. 7 illustrate examples of display panels including a light-transmitting layer.

[0018] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a display panel comprising a light-transmitting layer including a plurality of light-transmitting portions in regions of the display panel.

[0019] FIG. 9 illustrates examples of the state of a light-transmitting layer controlled based on an electrical signal.

[0020] FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an electronic device in a network environment according to various embodiments.

[0021] FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a display module according to various embodiments.

[0022] FIG. 12a illustrates an example of a perspective view of an electronic device. FIG. 12b illustrates an example of one or more hardware components arranged within the electronic device.

[0023] FIGS. 13a and FIGS. 13b illustrate an example of the appearance of an electronic device.

[0024] The terms used in this disclosure are used merely to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. A singular expression may include a plural expression unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, may have the same meaning as generally understood by those skilled in the art described in this disclosure. Terms used in this disclosure that are defined in a general dictionary may be interpreted as having the same or similar meaning as they have in the context of the relevant technology, and are not to be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in this disclosure. In some cases, even terms defined in this disclosure are not to be interpreted to exclude the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0025] In the various embodiments of the present disclosure described below, a hardware-based approach is described as an example. However, since the various embodiments of the present disclosure include techniques using both hardware and software, the various embodiments of the present disclosure do not exclude a software-based approach.

[0026] Additionally, in this disclosure, expressions of "greater than" or "less than" may be used to determine whether a specific condition is satisfied or fulfilled; however, this is merely for the purpose of expressing an example and does not exclude descriptions of "greater than" or "less than." Conditions described as "greater than" may be replaced with "greater than," conditions described as "less than" may be replaced with "less than," and conditions described as "greater than and less than" may be replaced with "greater than and less than." Furthermore, "A" to "B" below refer to at least one of the elements from A (including A) to B (including B).

[0027] Figure 1a illustrates an example of a head-worn electronic device worn by a user.

[0028] FIG. 1a illustrates an example of a head-wearing electronic device (101) worn by a user (100). For example, the head-wearing electronic device (101) may be worn on a part of the user's body. For example, said part of the body may include the user's head. By example, without limitation, the head-wearing electronic device (101) may have the form of glasses that are wearable on the user's head. For example, the head-wearing electronic device (101) may be an example of the electronic device (1001) of FIG. 10. The head-wearing electronic device (101) may include at least some of the components of the electronic device (1001) of FIG. 10. For example, the head-wearing electronic device (101) may be an example of the head-wearing electronic device (101) of FIG. 12a through FIG. 13b.

[0029] For example, a head-worn electronic device (101) may provide augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), or mixed reality (MR) that combines augmented reality and virtual reality to a user wearing the head-worn electronic device (101). For example, an image (or visual object, visual effect, virtual object) representing augmented reality, virtual reality, or mixed reality may be displayed through a display panel (110) of the head-worn electronic device (101). For example, the display panel (110) may include pixels. Each of the pixels may include subpixels. The subpixels may include a first subpixel configured to emit light in a first color (e.g., green), a second subpixel configured to emit light in a second color (e.g., blue), and a third subpixel configured to emit light in a third color (e.g., red). As an example without limitation, the subpixels may further include a fourth subpixel configured to emit light in a fourth color (e.g., white). A pixel (or sub-pixel) of a display panel (110) may be included within a stacked structure of the display panel (110).

[0030] For example, light emitted from a display panel (110) to display the image may be transmitted toward a lens (105) of a head-worn electronic device (101). For example, the lens (105) may be referred to as an imaging lens. For example, the lens (105) may be positioned within the head-worn electronic device (101) in the path of the light emitted from the display panel (110). For example, the lens (105) may be spaced apart from the display panel (110). For example, the display panel (110) and the lens (105) may be referred to as a display or a display device.

[0031] For example, a lens (105) may be positioned in front of the eye (100a) of a user (100) wearing a head-worn electronic device (101). For example, the lens (105) may be configured to transmit light emitted from a display panel (110) toward the eye (100a) of the user (100) by refracting it. For example, the display panel (110) may be positioned with respect to (or corresponding to) the eye (100a) of the user (100) wearing the head-worn electronic device (101). In FIG. 1a, for convenience of explanation, one eye (100a) of the user (100), one lens (105) corresponding to the eye (100a), and one display panel (110) corresponding to the lens (105) are shown, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the head-worn electronic device (101) may include lenses (e.g., two lenses) corresponding to each of the user's (100) eyes, and display panels (e.g., two display panels) configured to emit light toward each of the lenses. For convenience of explanation, one display panel (110) and one lens (105) will be described below.

[0032] For example, the display panel (110) may include a first region (111) corresponding to the optical axis (105a) of the lens (105). For example, the optical axis (105a) may represent an imaginary line passing through the center of the lens (105). For example, the first region (111) may include a point on the display panel (110) through which the optical axis (105a) passes. For example, said point may be referenced as the center of the display panel (110). In the example of FIG. 1a, the central axis of the display panel (110) may coincide with the optical axis (105a). For example, the first region (111) may be referenced as the central region of the display panel (110).

[0033] For example, the display panel (110) may include a second region (112) located around a first region (111). In the example of FIG. 1a, the second region (112) is depicted as an area of ​​the display panel (110) spaced apart from the first region (111), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the second region (112) may be referred to as an area that is continuous (or extended) from the first region (111) of the display panel (110) and distinct from the first region (111). For example, the second region (112) may be referred to as a peripheral area or edge area of ​​the display panel (110).

[0034] For example, light emitted from a display panel (110) may be provided (or reached) to a user (100) (or the user's (100) eye (100a)) through a lens (105) of a head-worn electronic device (101) (or an optical system). At this time, as the light emitted from the display panel (110) passes through the lens (105), the light quantity provided to the user (100) may be reduced. For example, the light quantity may be referred to as luminance. For example, as the light quantity is reduced, the brightness and light efficiency of the display panel (110) perceived by the user (100) may be reduced.

[0035] To increase light efficiency, the display panel (110) may include a lens layer comprising micro lenses. The lens layer may be referred to as a micro lens array (MLA). For example, the lens layer may deflect (or refract, diffract, reflect, steer, concentrate) light emitted from a light-emitting portion of the display panel (110) using micro lenses to direct the light emitted from the light-emitting portion of the display panel (110) toward a specific direction. For example, deflecting the light may include changing the path of the light or adjusting the path of the light.

[0036] For example, the lens layer may be formed (or implemented, arranged) differently in regions (111, 112) of the display panel (110). Examples of a stacked structure of the display panel (110) including the lens layer in regions (111, 112) may be referenced below in FIG. 1b and FIG. 1c.

[0037] FIG. 1b illustrates an example of a stacked structure of a display panel in a first region of the display panel.

[0038] FIG. 1b illustrates an example of a stacked structure of a display panel (110) in a first region (111) of a display panel (110). For example, the arrangement of the lens layer (170) of the display panel (110) in the first region (111) can be determined according to the chief ray of angle (CRA) of the lens (105) defined with respect to the first region (111). As a non-limiting example, the CRA of the lens (105) defined with respect to the first region (111) may be about 0°. For example, the path of the light (113-1) emitted in the first region (111) of the display panel (110) may be formed along the optical axis (105a) of the lens (105). For example, as light (113-1) emitted from the first region (111) passes through the lens (105), light (113-2) may be provided to (or reach) the user's (100) eye (100a). For example, light (113-2) may be light after light (113-1) has passed through the lens (105). As an example without limitation, light (113-2) may be light that has not been refracted from light (113-1). Accordingly, the CRA may be about 0°. Specific details regarding the CRA are illustrated and described below with reference to FIG. 1c.

[0039] Referring to FIG. 1b, in the first region (111), the display panel (110) may include a plurality of layers. As a non-limiting example, the display panel (110) may include a substrate (120), an emission layer (130), an electrode layer (140), a dielectric layer (150), a filter layer (160), a lens layer (170), a filling layer (180), and glass (190). The substrate (120), light-emitting layer (130), electrode layer (140), insulating layer (150), filter layer (160), and lens layer (170) included within the stacked structure of the display panel (110) as exemplified in FIG. 1b may be an example of a light-emitting element (e.g., an OLED (organic light emitting diode)) that constitutes a pixel (or subpixel) of the display panel (110).

[0040] For example, the substrate (120) may be a layer on which a plurality of layers are disposed. The substrate (120) may be referred to as a basis layer. For example, a light-emitting layer (130) may be disposed on the substrate (120). Although not shown in FIG. 1b, a thin film transistor (TFT) layer may be further disposed between the substrate (120) and the light-emitting layer (130). For example, the TFT layer may include a plurality of TFTs. For example, the TFTs may include LTPS (low temperature polycrystalline silicon), LTPO (low temperature polycrystalline oxide), or oxide TFTs. For example, each of the TFTs within the TFT layer may be electrically connected to a subpixel (or pixel) and used as a switch to control the subpixel (or pixel). For example, controlling the subpixel may include controlling the light emission of the subpixel. As a non-limiting example, if the substrate (120) is formed of silicon, the display panel (110) may be referred to as an OLEDoS (OLED on silicon) display or an LEDoS (LED on silicon) display.

[0041] For example, the light-emitting layer (130) may be disposed on the substrate (120). For example, the light-emitting layer (130) may be disposed on one side (or top side) of the substrate (120). For example, the light-emitting layer (130) may include light-emitting portions (131, 132). In an example that is not limited, the light-emitting portions (131, 132) may include an organic material that emits light of a color according to the subpixel. Or, in an example that is not limited, the light-emitting portions (131, 132) may include an organic material that emits light of the same color (e.g., the fourth color). In FIG. 1b, a display panel (110) defining three subpixels is shown for convenience of explanation, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In an example that is not limited, the three subpixels may be defined as a single pixel. As a non-limiting example, some of the three subpixels (e.g., two subpixels) may be defined as one pixel, and the remaining part of the three subpixels (e.g., one subpixel) may be defined as another subpixel. For example, the light-emitting part (132) may be spaced apart from the light-emitting part (131) and may be a light-emitting part next to the light-emitting part (131).

[0042] For example, the electrode layer (140) may be disposed on the light-emitting layer (130). For example, the electrode layer (140) may be disposed on one side (or top side) of the light-emitting layer (130). For example, the electrode layer (140) may include a cathode (or negative electrode). However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the electrode layer (140) may include an anode (or positive electrode). In other words, the electrode layer (140) may include the cathode, the anode, or the anode and the cathode. For example, at least one of the cathode or anode for the light-emitting portion (131) may be included in the electrode layer (140), and at least one of the cathode or anode for the light-emitting portion (132) may be included in the electrode layer (140).

[0043] Although not shown in FIG. 1b, another electrode layer may be further included between the light-emitting layer (130) and the substrate (120). In one example, if the electrode layer (140) is a layer containing a cathode, the other electrode layer may be a layer containing an anode.

[0044] For example, the insulating layer (150) may include an insulating portion. For example, the insulating portion may be a portion for defining a light-emitting portion. For example, the insulating portion of the insulating layer may be a portion for defining light-emitting portions (131, 132). For example, the insulating layer (150) may include an insulating portion disposed on the electrode layer (140) or an insulating portion disposed between the electrodes of the electrode layer (140). For example, the insulating portion or the insulating layer (150) may be referred to as a pixel define layer (PDL). As an example, but not limited to, the insulating layer (150) may further include a passivation layer (PAS). For example, the PAS layer may be a layer for inhibiting corrosion of a metal material.

[0045] For example, a filter layer (160) may be placed on an insulating layer (150). For example, the filter layer (160) may include color filters corresponding to light-emitting portions. For example, the filter layer (160) may include a color filter (161) corresponding to a light-emitting portion (131). That the light-emitting portion (131) corresponds to the color filter (161) may include the color filter (161) being aligned with the light-emitting portion (131) or the color filter (161) being overlapped with the light-emitting portion (131). As an example without limitation, the center axis (131a) of the light-emitting portion (131) may be aligned with the center axis (161a) of the color filter (161). For example, the filter layer (160) may include a color filter (162) corresponding to a light-emitting portion (132). For example, a color filter (161) may be configured to allow light of a color corresponding to a subpixel (e.g., the first color) to pass through. For example, a color filter (162) may be configured to allow light of a color corresponding to a subpixel (e.g., the second color) to pass through.

[0046] For example, a lens layer (170) may be placed on a filter layer (160). For example, the lens layer (170) may include micro-lenses corresponding to color filters (or light-emitting parts). For example, the lens layer (170) may include a micro-lens (171) corresponding to a color filter (161) (or light-emitting part (131)). That the micro-lens (171) corresponds to a color filter (161) (or light-emitting part (131)) may include the micro-lens (171) being aligned with the color filter (161) (or light-emitting part (131)) or the micro-lens (171) being overlapped with the color filter (161) (or light-emitting part (131)). As a non-limiting example, the central axis (171a) of the micro lens (171) may be aligned with the central axis (161a) of the color filter (161) (and the central axis (131a) of the light-emitting part (131). For example, the lens layer (170) may include a micro lens (172) corresponding to the color filter (162) (or the light-emitting part (132)).

[0047] For example, glass (190) may be placed on top of a lens layer (170). For example, glass (190) may be placed on top of a display panel (110). For example, glass (190) may cover layers within the display panel (110) from the outside of the display panel (110). Glass (190) may be referred to as cover glass. For example, a filling layer (180) may be included between glass (190) and the lens layer (170). For example, the filling layer (180) may be formed by injecting a filling material and as the injected filling material hardens. For example, the filling material may include resin. For example, the filling layer (180) may be used to flatten the curved shape along the micro-lenses of the lens layer (170) and to place glass (190) on the flattened surface. As a non-limiting example, the glass (190) and / or filling layer (180) may be referred to as an encapsulation layer.

[0048] Referring to FIG. 1b, in a first region (111) where the CRA is approximately 0°, the light-emitting portion of the display panel (110), the color filter corresponding to the light-emitting portion, and the micro lens corresponding to the color filter can be aligned.

[0049] FIG. 1c illustrates an example of a stacked structure of a display panel in a second region of the display panel.

[0050] FIG. 1c illustrates an example of a stacked structure of a display panel (110) in a second region (112) of the display panel (110). For example, the arrangement of the lens layer (170) of the display panel (110) in the second region (112) may be determined according to the CRA of the lens (105) defined with respect to the second region (112). As a non-limiting example, the CRA of the lens (105) defined with respect to the second region (112) may be about 20°. The number (or amount) of light (114-1, 115-1, 116-1, 117-1, 118-1, 119-1) emitted in the second region (112) illustrated in FIG. 1c is merely illustrative for convenience of explanation and is not limited thereto.

[0051] For example, the path of light (114-1, 115-1, 116-1, 117-1, 118-1, 119-1) emitted from a second region (112) of a display panel (110) may be refracted as it passes through a lens (105). For example, as light (114-1) emitted from the second region (112) passes through the lens (105), light (114-2) may be provided (or transmitted) toward the user (100). For example, as light (115-1) emitted from the second region (112) passes through the lens (105), light (115-2) may be provided (or reach) the user's (100) eye (100a). For example, as light (116-1) emitted from the second region (112) passes through the lens (105), light (116-2) may be provided (or transmitted) toward the user (100). For example, as light (117-1) emitted from the second region (112) passes through the lens (105), light (117-2) may be provided (or transmitted) toward the user (100). For example, as light (118-1) emitted from the second region (112) passes through the lens (105), light (118-2) may be provided (or transmitted) toward the user (100). For example, as light (119-1) emitted from the second region (112) passes through the lens (105), light (119-2) may be provided (or transmitted) toward the user (100). For example, the CRA of the lens (105) may be determined based on the direction of the light (115-2) provided toward the user's (100) eye (100a). For example, the region (105-1) of the lens (105) through which the light (115-2) passes (or the region (105-1) where the light (115-1) is incident on the lens (105)) may be referenced in the direction of the CRA.In the example of FIG. 1c, among the light (114-1, 115-1, 116-1, 117-1, 118-1, 119-1) emitted from the second region (112), the light (115-1) may be light (115-2) provided toward the user's (100) eye (100a). Referring to FIG. 1c, when the amount of light (115-1) is highest among the light (114-1, 115-1, 116-1, 117-1, 118-1, 119-1) emitted from the second region (112), the amount of light (115-2) provided (or reaching) to the user's (100) eye (100a) may increase. In order to increase the amount of light (115-2) provided to the eye (100a) of the user (100) (or to increase light efficiency), the display panel (110) of the second region (112) may be configured to emit light having a relatively high amount of light toward the region (105-1) of the lens (105) in the direction of the CRA. In other words, the display panel (110) of the second region (112) may increase the amount of light toward the region (105-1) of the lens (105) or transmit light having a relatively high energy toward the region (105-1) by adjusting the arrangement of the lens layer (170) (or by moving it, by moving it horizontally, by mismatching it, by misaligning it, by partially overlapping it with the color filter (or light-emitting part)). In the above example, the light having relatively high energy may be referred to as the dominant light. For example, the CRA defined with respect to the second region (112) may be the angle (e.g., about 20°) between the light (115-1) and an imaginary line passing through the second region (112) and parallel to the optical axis (105a) of the lens (105).

[0052] Referring to FIG. 1c, in the second region (112), the display panel (110) may include a plurality of layers. By example, without limitation, the display panel (110) may include a substrate (120), a light-emitting layer (130), an electrode layer (140), an insulating layer (150), a filter layer (160), a lens layer (170), a charging layer (180), and glass (190). The description of the display panel (110) shown in FIG. 1c may be applied substantially identically to the description of the display panel (110) in FIG. 1b. In other words, if the reference numbers shown in FIG. 1c and the reference numbers shown in FIG. 1b are the same, the substantially same description may be applied.

[0053] Referring to FIG. 1c, the light-emitting layer (130) may be disposed on the substrate (120). For example, the light-emitting layer (130) may be disposed on one side (or top side) of the substrate (120). For example, the light-emitting layer (130) may include light-emitting portions (136, 137). The light-emitting portions (136, 137) of FIG. 1c may be examples of light-emitting portions disposed within a second region (112), unlike the light-emitting portions (131, 132) of FIG. 1b which are disposed within a first region (111). As an example without limitation, the light-emitting portions (136, 137) may include an organic material that emits light of a color according to a subpixel. Or, as an example without limitation, the light-emitting portions (136, 137) may include an organic material that emits light of the same color (e.g., the fourth color). For example, the light-emitting part (137) may be spaced apart from the light-emitting part (136) and be a light-emitting part next to the light-emitting part (136).

[0054] For example, the electrode layer (140) may be disposed on the light-emitting layer (130). For example, the electrode layer (140) may be disposed on one side (or top side) of the light-emitting layer (130). For example, the electrode layer (140) may include a cathode (or negative electrode). However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the electrode layer (140) may include an anode (or positive electrode). In other words, the electrode layer (140) may include the cathode, the anode, or the anode and the cathode. For example, at least one of the cathode or anode for the light-emitting portion (136) may be included in the electrode layer (140), and at least one of the cathode or anode for the light-emitting portion (137) may be included in the electrode layer (140).

[0055] For example, the insulating layer (150) may include an insulating portion. For example, the insulating portion may be a portion for defining a light-emitting portion. For example, the insulating portion of the insulating layer may be a portion for defining light-emitting portions (136, 137). For example, the insulating layer (150) may include an insulating portion disposed on the electrode layer (140) or an insulating portion disposed between the electrodes of the electrode layer (140). For example, the insulating portion or the insulating layer (150) may be referred to as a pixel define layer (PDL). As an example, but not limited to, the insulating layer (150) may further include a passivation layer (PAS). For example, the PAS layer may be a layer for inhibiting corrosion of a metal material.

[0056] For example, a filter layer (160) may be placed on an insulating layer (150). For example, the filter layer (160) may include color filters corresponding to light-emitting portions. For example, the filter layer (160) may include a color filter (166) corresponding to a light-emitting portion (136). That the light-emitting portion (136) corresponds to the color filter (166) may include the color filter (166) being aligned with the light-emitting portion (136) or the color filter (166) being overlapped with the light-emitting portion (136). As an example without limitation, the center axis (136a) of the light-emitting portion (136) may be aligned with the center axis (166a) of the color filter (166). For example, the filter layer (160) may include a color filter (167) corresponding to a light-emitting portion (137). For example, the color filter (166) may be configured to allow light of a color corresponding to a subpixel (e.g., the first color) to pass through. For example, the color filter (167) may be configured to allow light of a color corresponding to a subpixel (e.g., the second color) to pass through.

[0057] For example, a lens layer (170) may be placed on a filter layer (160). For example, the lens layer (170) may include micro-lenses corresponding to color filters (or light-emitting parts). For example, the lens layer (170) may include a micro-lens (176) that overlaps a part of the color filter (166) (or light-emitting part (136)). In other words, the micro-lens (176) may partially overlap the color filter (166) (or light-emitting part (136)). For example, the lens layer (170) may include a micro-lens (177) that overlaps another part of the color filter (166) (or light-emitting part (136)). For example, the micro lens (177) may overlap with a part of the color filter (167) (or the light-emitting part (137). In other words, the micro lens (177) may partially overlap with the color filter (166) (or the light-emitting part (136)) and the color filter (167) (or the light-emitting part (137)), respectively.

[0058] Unlike the micro-lens included in the lens layer (170) of FIG. 1c, the micro-lens included in the lens layer (170) of FIG. 1b does not correspond to the color filter (or light-emitting part) and can partially overlap with the color filter (or light-emitting part). For example, the fact that the micro lens (176) partially overlaps with the color filter (166) (or the light-emitting part (136)) may include the micro lens (176) being misaligned with the color filter (166) (or the light-emitting part (136)), the micro lens (176) being mismatched with the color filter (166) (or the light-emitting part (136)), the micro lens (176) being decentered with the color filter (166) (or the light-emitting part (136)), or the micro lens (176) being offset with the color filter (166) (or the light-emitting part (136)). As a non-limiting example, the central axis (176a) of the micro lens (176) may be misaligned with the central axis (166a) of the color filter (166) (and the central axis (136a) of the light-emitting part (136). For example, the central axis (176a) may be offset by a gap (d) between the central axis (166a) (or the central axis (136a)). For example, the gap (d) may be determined based on the CRA of the lens (105) defined with respect to the second region (112). In other words, the micro lens (176) may be configured (or positioned) so that light emitted from the light-emitting part (136) through the color filter (166) is directed toward the region (105-1) of the lens (105) in the direction of the CRA. For example, the lens layer (170) may include a micro lens (177) that partially overlaps the color filter (167) (or the light-emitting portion (137)).

[0059] Referring to FIG. 1c, in a second region (112) where the CRA is approximately 20°, the light-emitting portion of the display panel (110) and the color filter corresponding to the light-emitting portion are aligned, and the color filter (and the light-emitting portion) and the micro-lens may be misaligned. In FIG. 1c, when using a micro-lens that is misaligned based on the CRA, the amount of light provided (or reached) toward (or reached by) the user's (100) eye (100a) may be increased. However, using a misaligned micro-lens may cause unintended problems. Specific examples of such unintended problems are illustrated and described below with reference to FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b.

[0060] FIG. 2a illustrates examples of the amount of light provided to a user's eye as light emitted by a light-emitting part included in a subpixel in a second region of a display panel passes through the lens of a head-worn electronic device.

[0061] FIG. 2a illustrates examples (200, 205) of the amount of light provided to the eye (100a) of a user (100) as light emitted from a light-emitting part (136) included in a subpixel disposed within a second region (112) of a display panel (110) exemplified in FIG. 1c passes through a lens (105) of a head-worn electronic device (101). In the examples (200, 205) of FIG. 2a, a point (210) may be referenced as a location corresponding to the eye (100a) of the user (100) (or the pupil of the eye (100a)). In other words, the light transmitted to the point (210) (or the region adjacent to the point (210)) may be the light provided to the eye (100a) (or pupil) of the user (100).

[0062] Example (200) illustrates an example of the amount of light that is provided (or reached) at point (210) by light emitted from region (136-1) of the light-emitting part (136) passing through the lens (105). For example, region (136-1) may represent the upper end within the light-emitting part (136). Referring to Example (200), light emitted from region (136-1) of the light-emitting part (136) may be transmitted toward a micro-lens (176) and refracted through the micro-lens (176). Light emitted from region (136-1) of the light-emitting part (136) may be transmitted toward a micro-lens (177) and refracted through the micro-lens (177). Although not illustrated in FIG. 2a, the light (201) of example (200) may represent light emitted from region (136-1) after passing through the lens (105). For example, some (202) of the light (201) may be transmitted to point (210).

[0063] Example (205) illustrates an example of the amount of light that is provided (or reached) at point (210) by light emitted from region (136-2) of the light-emitting part (136) passing through the lens (105). For example, region (136-2) may represent the lower end within the light-emitting part (136). Referring to Example (205), light emitted from region (136-2) of the light-emitting part (136) may be transmitted toward a micro-lens (176) and refracted through the micro-lens (176). Light emitted from region (136-2) of the light-emitting part (136) may be transmitted toward a micro-lens (177) and refracted through the micro-lens (177). Comparing example (200) and example (205), light emitted from region (136-1) of example (200) can be transmitted relatively more to the microlens (176) than to the microlens (177), and light emitted from region (136-2) of example (205) can be transmitted relatively more to the microlens (177) than to the microlens (176). This may be because region (136-2) is located closer to the microlens (177) compared to region (136-1). Although not shown in FIG. 2a, the light (206) of example (205) may represent light after the light emitted from region (136-2) has passed through the lens (105). For example, some (207) of the light (206) may be transmitted to point (210). For example, the amount of some (207) may be less than the amount of some (202).

[0064] Referring to FIG. 2a, even within a single subpixel (or light-emitting part), a difference in the amount of light provided to (or reached by) the user's eye (or pupil) may occur depending on the location where light is emitted. In other words, a difference in the amount of light may occur depending on the location where light is emitted within a subpixel in a specific area, as well as within the entire area of ​​the display panel (110) (e.g., the first area (111) and the second area (112)). This may be because the light-emitting location differs depending on the physical size of the subpixel (or light-emitting part). Additionally, the user may perceive that the amount of light provided by the display panel (110) changes as the position of the user's eye (or pupil) changes slightly.

[0065] FIG. 2b illustrates an example of a portion of light provided in an unintended direction as light emitted by a light-emitting part included in a subpixel in a second region of a display panel passes through the lens of a head-worn electronic device.

[0066] FIG. 2b illustrates examples (250, 255) representing light provided in an unintended direction as light emitted by a light-emitting portion (136) included in a subpixel disposed within a second region (112) of the display panel (110) exemplified in FIG. 1c passes through the lens (105) of the head-worn electronic device (101). In the example (255) of FIG. 2b, point (210) may be referenced as a location corresponding to the user's (100) eye (100a) (or the pupil of the eye (100a)). In other words, light transmitted to point (210) (or a region adjacent to point (210)) may be light provided to the user's (100) eye (100a) (or pupil).

[0067] Referring to Example (250), the light-emitting portion (136) can transmit light toward the micro-lenses (176, 177). For example, some of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion (136) may be transmitted toward the micro-lens (176), and other parts of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion (136) may be transmitted toward the micro-lens (177). As an example without limitation, among the micro-lenses (176, 177), the micro-lens positioned along the CRA direction defined with respect to the light-emitting portion (136) (or defined with respect to the second region (112)) may be the micro-lens (176). In this case, the micro-lens (176) may be referred to as the target micro-lens of the light-emitting portion (136), and the micro-lens (177) may be referred to as the adjacent micro-lens.

[0068] Example (255) illustrates the paths of light that passes through the lens (105) after being emitted from the second region (112) of the display panel (110). The light emitted from the second region (112) of Example (255) may be the light emitted from the light-emitting part (136) of Example (250).

[0069] Referring to example (255), light emitted from the light-emitting part (136) through micro-lenses (176, 177) may include light (256), light (257), and light (259). For example, light (256), light (257), and light (259) may be directed toward the user's (100) eye (100a) (or the pupil of the eye (100a)). Among light (256), light (257), and light (259), light (257) may be an example of light provided to (or reached by) the user's (100) eye (100a) (or the pupil of the eye (100a)).

[0070] In example (255), light (256) and light (257) may be light intended to be provided toward the user's (100) eye (100a) as light emitted from the light-emitting part (136) passes through the lens (105). However, in example (255), light (259) may be light not intended to be provided toward the user's (100) eye (100a) as light emitted from the light-emitting part (136) passes through the lens (105). In an example without limitation, light (259) may be light that is emitted from the light-emitting part (136), transmitted to the micro-lens (177), and whose path is changed according to optical properties as it passes through the micro-lens (177) and the lens (105). As light (259) is provided toward the user's (100) eye (100a), the user (100) can perceive an unexpected image (or part of the image, light). For example, the unexpected image (or part of the image, light) may be referred to as a ghost image.

[0071] Referring to FIG. 2b, as a target microlens is positioned for a specific light-emitting portion and an adjacent microlens is positioned around the target microlens, light emitted from the specific light-emitting portion can be transmitted to the adjacent microlens. As transmitted to the adjacent microlens, a portion of the light emitted from the specific light-emitting portion may be provided in an unintended direction. The portion (or component) of light provided in the unintended direction may be referred to as a crosstalk component. Due to the crosstalk component, a degraded viewing experience may be provided to the user.

[0072] In the example (250) of FIG. 2b, adding a member (or wall) for shielding light between the target micro-lens and the adjacent micro-lens to reduce crosstalk components may rather obstruct the path of light or reduce the amount of light reaching the user's eyes.

[0073] Hereinafter, the present disclosure may utilize a light-transmitting layer configured to deflect (or steer, adjust the path of the light, change the path of the light) light emitted from a light-emitting portion of a light-emitting layer (e.g., light-emitting layer (130)) through a filter layer (e.g., filter layer (160)) to a microlens (or target microlens) of a lens layer (170) positioned with respect to the light-emitting portion, so that the light is transmitted more than other microlenses (or adjacent microlenses). For example, a display panel of the present disclosure (e.g., display panel (110)) may include the light-transmitting layer. Accordingly, light emitted from a light-emitting portion within the display panel may be transmitted more to the user's eye (or pupil) in an intended direction by being transmitted more to the target microlens of the light-emitting portion. Accordingly, light efficiency may be increased and the transmission of light in unintended directions may be reduced. In addition, as ghost images are reduced, the image quality of the display panel is improved, and as unnecessary power consumption is reduced, the lifespan of the display panel can be increased. Specific details regarding the light-transmitting layer may be referenced in FIGS. 3 to 9 below.

[0074] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a display panel including a light-transmitting layer to increase light efficiency.

[0075] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a stacked structure of a display panel (300) including a light-transmitting layer (310). For example, the display panel (300) may be an example of the display panel (110) of FIG. 1a (or FIG. 1b, FIG. 1c). For example, the display panel (300) may include a first region (301) and a second region (302). For example, the first region (301) may correspond to the first region (111). For example, the second region (302) may correspond to the second region (112). In FIG. 3, for convenience of explanation, an example of a stacked structure of the display panel (300) is illustrated in the second region (302). However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the stacked structure of the display panel (300) shown in FIG. 3 can be applied not only to the second region (302) but also to the first region (301).

[0076] Referring to FIG. 3, in the second region (302), the display panel (300) may include a plurality of layers. By example, without limitation, the display panel (300) may include a substrate (120), a light-emitting layer (130), an electrode layer (140), an insulating layer (150), a filter layer (160), a light-transmitting layer (310), a lens layer (170), a charging layer (180), and a glass (190). The description of the display panel (300) shown in FIG. 3 may be substantially the same as the description of the display panel (110) in FIG. 1b (or FIG. 1c). In other words, if the reference number shown in FIG. 3 is the same as the reference number shown in FIG. 1b (or FIG. 1c), the substantially same description may be applied.

[0077] Referring to FIG. 3, the light-emitting layer (130) may be disposed on the substrate (120). For example, the light-emitting layer (130) may be disposed on one side (or top side) of the substrate (120). For example, the light-emitting layer (130) may include light-emitting portions (336, 337). In an example that is not limited, the light-emitting portions (336, 337) may include an organic material that emits light of a color according to a subpixel. Or, in an example that is not limited, the light-emitting portions (336, 337) may include an organic material that emits light of the same color (e.g., the fourth color). For example, the light-emitting portion (337) may be spaced apart from the light-emitting portion (336) and be a light-emitting portion next to the light-emitting portion (336).

[0078] For example, the electrode layer (140) may be disposed on the light-emitting layer (130). For example, the electrode layer (140) may be disposed on one side (or top side) of the light-emitting layer (130). For example, the electrode layer (140) may include a cathode (or negative electrode). However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the electrode layer (140) may include an anode (or positive electrode). In other words, the electrode layer (140) may include the cathode, the anode, or the anode and the cathode. For example, at least one of the cathode or anode for the light-emitting portion (336) may be included in the electrode layer (140), and at least one of the cathode or anode for the light-emitting portion (337) may be included in the electrode layer (140).

[0079] For example, the insulating layer (150) may include an insulating portion. For example, the insulating portion may be a portion for defining a light-emitting portion. For example, the insulating portion of the insulating layer may be a portion for defining light-emitting portions (336, 337). For example, the insulating layer (150) may include an insulating portion disposed on the electrode layer (140) or an insulating portion disposed between the electrodes of the electrode layer (140). For example, the insulating portion or the insulating layer (150) may be referred to as a pixel define layer (PDL). As an example, but not limited to, the insulating layer (150) may further include a passivation layer (PAS). For example, the PAS layer may be a layer for inhibiting corrosion of a metal material.

[0080] For example, a filter layer (160) may be placed on an insulating layer (150). For example, the filter layer (160) may include color filters corresponding to light-emitting portions. For example, the filter layer (160) may include a color filter (366) corresponding to a light-emitting portion (336). That the light-emitting portion (336) corresponds to the color filter (366) may include the color filter (366) being aligned with the light-emitting portion (336) or the color filter (366) being overlapped with the light-emitting portion (336). As an example without limitation, the center axis (336a) of the light-emitting portion (336) may be aligned with the center axis (366a) of the color filter (366). For example, the filter layer (160) may include a color filter (367) corresponding to a light-emitting portion (337). For example, the color filter (366) may be configured to allow light of a color corresponding to a subpixel (e.g., the first color) to pass through. For example, the color filter (367) may be configured to allow light of a color corresponding to a subpixel (e.g., the second color) to pass through.

[0081] For example, a light-transmitting layer (310) may be disposed on a filter layer (160). In the present disclosure, the light-transmitting layer (310) may be referred to as an optical layer, a nano-pattern layer, a diffraction layer, or a nano-pattern for controlling the path of light. For example, the light-transmitting layer (310) may be configured to deflect light emitted from a light-emitting portion through a color filter so that the light is transmitted more to a target micro-lens relative to the adjacent micro-lens to the light-emitting portion of the lens layer (170). For example, deflecting may be referred to as refracting, diffracting, reflecting, steering, or concentrating. For example, the light-transmitting layer (310) may be configured to deflect light emitted from various directions, such as regions of the light-emitting portion (e.g., region (136-1) and region (136-2) of FIG. 2a), into a specific direction (e.g., towards the target microlens of the light-emitting portion or towards the CRA direction).

[0082] For example, the light-transmitting layer (310) may be configured to deflect the first light emitted from the light-emitting portion (336) through the color filter (366) so that more of the first light is transmitted to the micro-lens (376) than to the micro-lens (377). In other words, the light-transmitting layer (310) may be configured to deflect the first light so that the amount of the other portion of the first light emitted from the light-emitting portion (336) through the color filter (366) transmitted toward the micro-lens (377) is greater than the amount of the other portion transmitted toward the micro-lens (376). For example, the light-transmitting portion (316) corresponding to the color filter (366) of the light-transmitting layer (310) may deflect the first light so that it is transmitted toward the micro-lens (376) and prevent (or reduce) the transmission toward the micro-lens (377). For example, the light-transmitting layer (310) may be configured to deflect the second light emitted from the light-emitting portion (337) through the color filter (367) so that the second light is transmitted more to the micro-lens (377) than to the micro-lens (376). In other words, the light-transmitting layer (310) may be configured to deflect the second light so that the amount of the second light emitted from the light-emitting portion (337) through the color filter (367) transmitted toward the micro-lens (376) is greater than the amount of the other portion transmitted toward the micro-lens (377). For example, the light-transmitting portion (317) corresponding to the color filter (367) of the light-transmitting layer (310) may deflect the second light so that it is transmitted toward the micro-lens (377) and prevent (or reduce) the transmission toward the micro-lens (376). For example, the light-transmitting portion (317) can be located next to the light-transmitting portion (316).Additionally, for example, the light-transmitting portion (317) corresponding to the color filter (367) of the light-transmitting layer (310) can be deflected to prevent (or reduce) the second light from being transmitted toward the micro-lens located next to the micro-lens (377) and partially overlapping with the color filter (367).

[0083] For example, the light-transmitting layer (310) may be formed to deflect light (or to adjust the path of said light). As an example without limitation, the light-transmitting layer (310) (or light-transmitting portions (316, 317) of the light-transmitting layer (310)) may be formed by a diffractive optical element (DOE) based on a pattern structure as a physical implementation method. Specific details regarding this may be referenced in FIG. 5a below. As an example without limitation, the light-transmitting layer (310) (or light-transmitting portions (316, 317) of the light-transmitting layer (310)) may be formed by a holographic optical element (HOE) based on materials having refractive indices as an optical implementation method. Specific details regarding this may be referenced in FIG. 5b below.

[0084] In FIG. 3, a light-transmitting layer (310) placed on a filter layer (160) is shown, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the light-transmitting layer (310) may be placed below the filter layer (160) and above the light-emitting layer (130). Specific details regarding the placement of the light-transmitting layer (310) may be referenced below in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7.

[0085] As a non-limiting example, the lens layer (170) may be placed on the light-transmitting layer (310). Although not shown in FIG. 3, if another light-transmitting layer is placed on the light-transmitting layer (310), the lens layer (170) may be placed above the light-transmitting layer (310). Specific details regarding the other light-transmitting layer may be referenced below in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7. For example, the lens layer (170) may include micro-lenses corresponding to color filters (or light-emitting parts). For example, the lens layer (170) may include a micro-lens (376) that overlaps a part of the color filter (366) (or light-emitting part (336)). In other words, the micro-lens (376) may partially overlap with the color filter (366) (or light-emitting part (336)). For example, the lens layer (170) may include a microlens (377) that overlaps another part of the color filter (366) (or light-emitting part (336)). For example, the microlens (377) may overlap a part of the color filter (367) (or light-emitting part (337). In other words, the microlens (377) may partially overlap with the color filter (366) (or light-emitting part (336)) and the color filter (367) (or light-emitting part (337)), respectively.

[0086] Unlike the micro-lens included in the lens layer (170) of FIG. 3, the micro-lens included in the lens layer (170) of FIG. 1b does not correspond to the color filter (or light-emitting part) and can partially overlap with the color filter (or light-emitting part). For example, the fact that the micro lens (376) partially overlaps with the color filter (366) (or the light-emitting part (336)) may include the micro lens (376) being misaligned with the color filter (366) (or the light-emitting part (336)), the micro lens (376) being mismatched with the color filter (366) (or the light-emitting part (336)), the micro lens (376) being decentered with the color filter (366) (or the light-emitting part (336)), or the micro lens (376) being offset with the color filter (366) (or the light-emitting part (336)). As a non-limiting example, the center axis (376a) of the micro lens (376) may be misaligned with the center axis (366a) of the color filter (366) (and the center axis (336a) of the light-emitting part (336). For example, the center axis (376a) may be offset by a gap (d) between the center axis (366a) (or center axis (336a)). For example, the gap (d) may be determined based on the CRA of the lens (305) defined with respect to the second region (302). In other words, the micro lens (376) may be configured (or positioned) so that light emitted from the light-emitting part (336) through the color filter (366) is directed toward the region of the lens (105) (e.g., region (105-1) of FIG. 1c) in the direction of the CRA. For example, the lens layer (170) may include a micro lens (377) that partially overlaps the color filter (367) (or the light-emitting portion (337)).

[0087] FIG. 4 illustrates examples of increased light efficiency by using a display panel including a light-transmitting layer.

[0088] FIG. 4 illustrates examples (401, 402) of light efficiency according to the amount of light provided (or reached) to the user's (100) eye (100a) by light emitted from the second region (112) of the display panel (110) of FIG. 1c, and examples (403, 404) of light efficiency according to the amount of light provided (or reached) to the user's (100) eye (100a) by light emitted from the second region (302) of the display panel (300) of FIG. 3. The point (450) of example (402) and example (404) may be referenced as a location corresponding to the user's (100) eye (100a) (or the pupil of the eye (100a)). In other words, the light transmitted to the point (450) (or the area adjacent to the point (450)) may be light provided to the user's (100) eye (100a) (or pupil).

[0089] Referring to example (401), the light-emitting part (136) can emit light (410). Although not shown in FIG. 4, the light (410) can be transmitted from the light-emitting part (136) to micro-lenses (176, 177) through a color filter (e.g., color filter (166)). For example, a portion (411) of the light (410) can be transmitted to the micro-lens (176), and another portion (412) of the light (410) can be transmitted to the micro-lens (177).

[0090] Referring to example (402), in the second region (112) of the display panel (110), light (410) emitted from the light-emitting portion (136) may pass through the lens (105). Light (420) may represent light after the light emitted from the light-emitting portion (136) has passed through the lens (105). In other words, light (420) may be light refracted by the lens (105) from the light (410). For example, a portion (421) of the light (420) may be provided (or reached) toward the eye (100a) of the user (100). For example, a portion (421) of the light (420) may pass through (or be transmitted) a point (450). For example, a portion (429) of the light (420) may be provided (or reached) toward the user's (100) eye (100a) from an unintended direction. For example, the portion (429) may be a crosstalk component.

[0091] Referring to example (403), the light-emitting portion (336) can emit light (430). Although not shown in FIG. 4, the light (430) can be transmitted from the light-emitting portion (336) to microlenses (376, 377) through a color filter (e.g., color filter (366)) and a light-transmitting layer (e.g., light-transmitting layer (310)). For example, a portion (431) of the light (430) can be transmitted to the microlens (376), and another portion (432) of the light (430) can be transmitted to the microlens (377). For example, the amount of the portion (431) can be greater than the amount of the other portion (432). As a non-limiting example, another portion (432) transmitted to the microlens (377) may not pass through the microlens (377) depending on the optical properties of the microlens (377). Compared to the amount of another portion (412) of example (401), the amount of another portion (432) may be smaller. Also, compared to the amount of portion (411) of example (401), the amount of portion (431) may be larger.

[0092] Alternatively, for example, light (430) may be transmitted to micro-lens (376) among micro-lenses (376, 377) through a color filter and a light-transmitting layer, and not transmitted to micro-lens (377). In other words, a portion (431) of the light (430) may be deflected to be transmitted to micro-lens (376), and another portion (432) may be deflected to prevent transmission to micro-lens (377).

[0093] Referring to example (404), in the second region (302) of the display panel (300), light (430) emitted from the light-emitting portion (336) may pass through the lens (105). Light (440) may represent light after the light emitted from the light-emitting portion (336) has passed through the lens (105). In other words, light (440) may be light refracted by the lens (105) from the light (430). For example, a portion (441) of the light (440) may be provided (or reached) toward the eye (100a) of the user (100). For example, a portion (441) of the light (440) may pass through (or be transmitted) a point (450).

[0094] Compared to the amount of part (421) of example (402), the amount of part (441) may be greater. The amount of light according to the angle of incidence of light at specific directions (e.g., vertical direction) to the user's (100) eye (100a) (or pupil) may be greater in example (404) than in example (402). By example, without limitation, the amount of light incident on the eye (100a) at an angle of about 30° vertical direction in example (404) may be greater than the amount of light incident on the eye (100a) at an angle of about 30° vertical direction in example (402). For example, the said about 30° may be referred to as the CRA (or dominant angle of incidence of light) defined with respect to a second region of the lens (105) (e.g., second region (112) or second region (302)).

[0095] Additionally, compared to example (402), the light (440) of example (404) may not include a component that is provided (or reached) toward the user's (100) eye (100a) from an unintended direction. In other words, a ghost image that can be perceived by the user (100) may not be caused. Accordingly, the display panel (300) may provide a higher (or improved) image quality compared to the display panel (110). By example, without limitation, the image quality may be determined based on the difference between the color tone of the original image and the color tone of the actual displayed image. In other words, a higher image quality may indicate that there is less difference between the color tone of the original image and the color tone of the actual displayed image.

[0096] Additionally, as the position of the user's (100) eye (100a) (or the position of the pupil) changes, in example (402), the crosstalk component (e.g., part (429)) of the light (420) that causes a ghost image is likely to be visible, but in example (404), the crosstalk component that causes the ghost image may be less likely to be visible. In other words, by using a display panel (300) that includes a light-transmitting layer (310), the degradation of image quality due to eye roll, where the position of the eye (100a) changes, can be reduced.

[0097] FIG. 5a illustrates examples of light-transmitting portions of a light-transmitting layer formed based on a diffractive optical element (DOE).

[0098] FIG. 5a illustrates examples (500) of light-transmitting portions (e.g., light-transmitting portions (316)) of the light-transmitting layer (310) of FIG. 3 formed based on DOE. Examples (500) illustrate examples of light-transmitting portions formed based on DOE utilizing at least partially etched physical structures. For example, the physical structure may be referred to as an uneven structure, a periodic structure, a diffraction grating, a nanostructure, a metastructure (or meta-atom), or a grating.

[0099] Referring to examples (500), examples of blazed gratings (or blazed diffraction gratings) (510), examples of slanted gratings (or slanted diffraction gratings) (520), examples of binary gratings (or binary diffraction gratings) (530), and examples of surface relief gratings (or surface relief diffraction gratings) (540) are illustrated. The examples (500) of FIG. 5a are merely illustrative for convenience of explanation and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the present disclosure may be applied substantially the same to DOEs utilizing the physical structure of other shapes not illustrated in examples (500).

[0100] In the examples (500), the surface on which light is incident (or enters, is transmitted) to the light-transmitting portion may be referred to as the first surface (or top surface). For example, the light may be transmitted from the light-emitting portion (e.g., the light-emitting portion (336)). For example, the surface on which the light incident on the light-transmitting portion exits from the light-transmitting portion may be referred to as the second surface (or bottom surface).

[0101] Referring to example (510), the first light-transmitting portion (511) may be formed on the first surface. For example, the first light-transmitting portion (511) may have a wedge shape. For example, light (511-1) incident on the first surface on which the first light-transmitting portion (511) is formed may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the first light-transmitting portion (511). Accordingly, the light (511-1) may form light (511-2) moving within the light-transmitting layer and light (511-3) coming out of the second surface of the light-transmitting layer after passing through the first light-transmitting portion (511).

[0102] Referring to Example (510), a second light-transmitting portion (512) may be formed on the second surface. For example, the second light-transmitting portion (512) may have the same wedge shape as the first light-transmitting portion (511). For example, light (512-1) incident on the first surface may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the second light-transmitting portion (512). Accordingly, the light (512-1) may form light (512-2) that travels within the light-transmitting layer.

[0103] Referring to Example (510), a third light-transmitting portion (513) may be formed on the second surface. For example, the third light-transmitting portion (513) may have a wedge shape with a different angle of curvature from the wedge shape of the second light-transmitting portion (512). For example, light (513-1) incident on the first surface may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the third light-transmitting portion (513). Accordingly, the light (513-1) may form light (513-2) that travels within the light-transmitting layer.

[0104] Referring to Example (520), a fourth light-transmitting portion (521) may be formed on the first surface. For example, the fourth light-transmitting portion (521) may have a slope shape. For example, light (521-1) incident on the first surface on which the fourth light-transmitting portion (521) is formed may be deflected (or diffracted, refraction, reflected, etc.) through the fourth light-transmitting portion (521). Accordingly, the light (521-1) may form light (521-2, 521-3) moving within the light-transmitting layer, and light (521-4) coming out of the second surface of the light-transmitting layer after passing through the fourth light-transmitting portion (521).

[0105] Referring to Example (520), the fifth light-transmitting portion (522) may be formed on the second surface. For example, the fifth light-transmitting portion (522) may have the same slope shape as the fourth light-transmitting portion (521). For example, light (522-1) incident on the first surface may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the fifth light-transmitting portion (522). Accordingly, the light (522-1) may form light (522-2, 522-3) moving within the light-transmitting layer, and light (522-4) coming out of the second surface of the light-transmitting layer after passing through the fifth light-transmitting portion (522).

[0106] Referring to Example (520), a sixth light-transmitting portion (523) may be formed on the second surface. For example, the sixth light-transmitting portion (523) may have a tapered slope shape different from the slope shape of the fifth light-transmitting portion (522). For example, light (523-1) incident on the first surface may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the sixth light-transmitting portion (523). Accordingly, the light (523-1) may form light (523-2, 523-3) moving within the light-transmitting layer, and light (523-4) coming out of the second surface of the light-transmitting layer after passing through the sixth light-transmitting portion (523).

[0107] Referring to Example (530), a seventh light-transmitting portion (531) may be formed on the first surface. For example, the seventh light-transmitting portion (531) may have a square wave shape. For example, light (531-1) incident on the first surface on which the seventh light-transmitting portion (531) is formed may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the seventh light-transmitting portion (531). Accordingly, the light (531-1) may form light (531-2, 531-3) moving within the light-transmitting layer, and light (531-4) coming out of the second surface of the light-transmitting layer after passing through the seventh light-transmitting portion (531).

[0108] Referring to Example (530), the eighth light-transmitting portion (532) may be formed on the second surface. For example, the eighth light-transmitting portion (532) may have the same square wave shape as the seventh light-transmitting portion (531). For example, light (532-1) incident on the first surface may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the eighth light-transmitting portion (532). Accordingly, the light (532-1) may form light (532-2, 532-3) moving within the light-transmitting layer, and light (532-4) coming out of the second surface of the light-transmitting layer after passing through the eighth light-transmitting portion (532).

[0109] Referring to Example (530), the ninth light-transmitting portion (533) may be formed on the second surface. For example, the ninth light-transmitting portion (533) may have a step wave shape. For example, light (533-1) incident on the first surface may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the ninth light-transmitting portion (533). Accordingly, the light (533-1) may form light (533-2, 533-3) moving within the light-transmitting layer, and light (533-4) coming out of the second surface of the light-transmitting layer after passing through the ninth light-transmitting portion (533).

[0110] Referring to Example (540), the 10th light-transmitting portion (541) may be formed on the first surface. For example, the 10th light-transmitting portion (541) may have a randomly indented shape. For example, light (541-1) incident on the first surface on which the 10th light-transmitting portion (541) is formed may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the 10th light-transmitting portion (541). Accordingly, the light (541-1) may form light (541-2, 541-3, 541-4) moving within the light-transmitting layer, and light (541-5) coming out of the second surface of the light-transmitting layer after passing through the 10th light-transmitting portion (541).

[0111] Referring to Example (540), the 11th light-transmitting portion (542) may be formed on the second surface. For example, the 11th light-transmitting portion (542) may have an arbitrarily recessed shape. For example, light (542-1) incident on the first surface may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the 11th light-transmitting portion (542). Accordingly, the light (542-1) may form light (542-2, 542-3, 542-4) moving within the light-transmitting layer.

[0112] Referring to Example (540), the 12th light-transmitting portion (543) may be formed on the second surface. For example, the 12th light-transmitting portion (543) may have an arbitrarily recessed shape. For example, light (543-1) incident on the first surface may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the 12th light-transmitting portion (543). Accordingly, the light (543-1) may form light (543-2, 543-3, 543-4) moving within the light-transmitting layer, and light (543-5) coming out of the second surface of the light-transmitting layer after passing through the 12th light-transmitting portion (543).

[0113] The light path illustrated in FIG. 5a is merely exemplary and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. A light-transmitting layer comprising at least one of the light-transmitting portions illustrated in FIG. 5a may be configured to deflect (or adjust the light path) light emitted from a light-emitting portion using the light-transmitting portion. A light-transmitting layer included in the display panel (300) of the present disclosure may be used to transmit the light to a target microlens of the light-emitting portion by forming (or arranging, including) the light-transmitting portion in consideration of the above-described characteristics.

[0114] FIG. 5b illustrates an example of a light-transmitting portion of a light-transmitting layer formed based on a holographic optical element (HOE).

[0115] FIG. 5b illustrates an example (550) of a light-transmitting portion (e.g., a light-transmitting portion (316)) of a light-transmitting layer (310) of FIG. 3 formed based on a HOE. The example (550) illustrates examples of light-transmitting portions formed based on an HOE utilizing an optical structure, unlike a DOE utilizing a physical structure of FIG. 5a. For example, the optical structure may be referred to as a periodic structure, a diffraction grating, a nanostructure, or a metastructure (or meta-atom).

[0116] In example (550), the surface on which light is incident (or enters, is transmitted) to the light-transmitting portion may be referred to as the first surface (or top surface). For example, the light may be transmitted from the light-emitting portion (e.g., the light-emitting portion (336)). For example, the surface on which the light incident on the light-transmitting portion exits from the light-transmitting portion may be referred to as the second surface (or bottom surface).

[0117] Referring to example (550), the 13th light-transmitting portion (551) may be formed on the first surface. For example, the 13th light-transmitting portion (551) may have a wedge shape. Unlike the first light-transmitting portion (511) which has a physically carved wedge shape, the 13th light-transmitting portion (551) may not be physically carved. Referring to the above, the light-transmitting layer including the first light-transmitting portion (511) may include a surface that is partially non-planar (e.g., the first surface or the second surface), but the light-transmitting layer including the 13th light-transmitting portion (551) may include surfaces that are entirely planar (e.g., the first surface and the second surface).

[0118] For example, the wedge-shaped refractive index of the 13th light-transmitting portion (551) may be different from the refractive index of a portion (555) that is different from the 13th light-transmitting portion (551) of the light-transmitting layer. For example, the material forming the 13th light-transmitting portion (551) may be different from the material forming the portion (555). For example, light (551-1) incident on the first surface where the 13th light-transmitting portion (551) is formed may be deflected (or diffracted, refracted, reflected, etc.) through the 13th light-transmitting portion (551). Accordingly, the light (551-1) may form light (551-2) traveling through the light-transmitting layer and light (551-3) coming out of the second surface of the light-transmitting layer after passing through the 13th light-transmitting portion (551). As a non-limiting example, even if a 13th light-transmitting portion (551) formed with an optical structure different from a 1st light-transmitting portion (511) formed with a physical structure is used, the path of the light (551-1) incident on the light-transmitting layer including the 13th light-transmitting portion (551) may be formed substantially the same as the path of the light (511-1) incident on the light-transmitting layer including the 1st light-transmitting portion (511). However, this is merely an example for convenience of explanation and the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0119] In FIG. 5b, a 13th light-transmitting portion (551) formed with an optical structure having the same shape as the physical structure of the 1st light-transmitting portion (511) is illustrated, but this is merely illustrative for convenience of explanation and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the description of the 13th light-transmitting portion (551) can be substantially applied to a light-transmitting portion formed with an optical structure having the same shape as the physical structure of the 2nd light-transmitting portion (512) to the 12th light-transmitting portion (543) of FIG. 5a.

[0120] Referring to FIGS. 5a and 5b, the light-transmitting portion included in the light-transmitting layer can be created through various processes. As an example, but not limited to, the light-transmitting layer (or light-transmitting portion) can be created according to a process that creates an uneven structure having a partially arbitrary shape, such as a patterned sapphire substrate (PSS) of an LED (light emitting diode) substrate. Or, as an example, but not limited to, the light-transmitting layer (or light-transmitting portion) can be created according to a process that creates a lattice structure through a heat treatment such as hard baking.

[0121] FIGS. 6 and FIGS. 7 illustrate examples of display panels including a light-transmitting layer.

[0122] FIGS. 6 and FIGS. 7 illustrate examples of the arrangement of a light-transmitting layer of a display panel (300). FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a display panel (300) in which a light-transmitting layer (610) is placed above a filter layer (160). FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a display panel (300) in which a light-transmitting layer (710) is placed below a filter layer (160). Each of the light-transmitting layer (610) and the light-transmitting layer (710) may be an example of the light-transmitting layer (310) of FIG. 3.

[0123] Referring to FIG. 6, the display panel (300) may include a plurality of layers. By example, without limitation, the display panel (300) may include a substrate (120), a light-emitting layer (130), an electrode layer (140), an insulating layer (150), a filter layer (160), a light-transmitting layer (610), a lens layer (170), a charging layer (180), and a glass (190). The description of the display panel (300) shown in FIG. 6 may be substantially the same as the description of the display panel (110) in FIG. 1b (or FIG. 1c). In other words, if the reference numbers shown in FIG. 6 and the reference numbers shown in FIG. 1b (or FIG. 1c) are the same, the substantially the same description may be applied.

[0124] Referring to FIG. 6, the display panel (300) may include a flattening layer (630), a light-transmitting layer (610), and another light-transmitting layer (620).

[0125] For example, a flattening layer (630) may be placed on a filter layer (160). For example, the flattening layer (630) may be used to place a light-transmitting layer (610) by reducing curvature caused by the layers (e.g., filter layer (160)) below the flattening layer (630). For example, the flattening layer (630) may be formed of a light-transmitting material, such as the light-transmitting layer (610). As an example without limitation, the material forming the flattening layer (630) may be the same as the material forming the light-transmitting layer (610).

[0126] For example, the light-transmitting layer (610) may be placed on the flattening layer (630). For example, the light-transmitting layer (610) may be placed on the filter layer (160). The light-transmitting layer (610) may be formed by the DOE or HOE described above in FIG. 5a and 5b.

[0127] For example, another light-transmitting layer (620) may be placed on the light-transmitting layer (610). For example, the other light-transmitting layer (620) may be placed beneath the lens layer (170). For example, the other light-transmitting layer (620) may be used to distinguish optical properties. For example, the other light-transmitting layer (620) may be referred to as an optical interlayer. By example, without limitation, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer (620) may differ from the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (610), the refractive index of the flattening layer (630), and the refractive index of the lens layer (170), respectively. By example, without limitation, the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (610) may be about 1.5 to 1.6. As a non-limiting example, the refractive index of the flattening layer (630) may be about 1.5 to 1.6. As a non-limiting example, the refractive index of the lens layer (170) may be about 1.5 to 1.6. As a non-limiting example, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer (620) may be about 1.3 or less. In the above example, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer (620) is illustrated as being lower than the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (610), the refractive index of the flattening layer (630), and the refractive index of the lens layer (170), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other words, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer (620) may differ by a certain value (e.g., about 0.2) or more from the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (610), the refractive index of the flattening layer (630), and the refractive index of the lens layer (170).

[0128] As a non-limiting example, the material forming the other light-transmitting layer (620) may be formed of a material that facilitates connection (or bonding, attachment) with the light-transmitting layer (610) and the lens layer (170). For example, the other light-transmitting layer (620) may be formed using a material that takes into account adhesion with the layers.

[0129] Referring to FIG. 7, the display panel (300) may include a plurality of layers. By example, without limitation, the display panel (300) may include a substrate (120), a light-emitting layer (130), an electrode layer (140), an insulating layer (150), a light-transmitting layer (710), a filter layer (160), a lens layer (170), a charging layer (180), and a glass (190). The description of the display panel (300) shown in FIG. 7 may be substantially the same as the description of the display panel (110) in FIG. 1b (or FIG. 1c). In other words, if the reference numbers shown in FIG. 7 and the reference numbers shown in FIG. 1b (or FIG. 1c) are the same, the substantially the same description may be applied.

[0130] Referring to FIG. 7, the display panel (300) may include a light-transmitting layer (710) and another light-transmitting layer (720). Unlike FIG. 6, the display panel (300) of FIG. 7 may not include a flattening layer (630) because the light-transmitting layer (710) is placed on the other light-transmitting layer (720).

[0131] For example, the light-transmitting layer (710) may be placed on top of the insulating layer (150). For example, the light-transmitting layer (710) may be placed beneath the filter layer (160). The light-transmitting layer (710) may be formed by the DOE or HOE described above in FIG. 5a and 5b.

[0132] For example, another light-transmitting layer (720) may be placed beneath the light-transmitting layer (710). For example, another light-transmitting layer (720) may be placed on the insulating layer (150). For example, another light-transmitting layer (720) may be used to distinguish optical properties. For example, another light-transmitting layer (720) may be referred to as an optical interlayer. By example, without limitation, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer (720) may differ from the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (710) and the refractive index of the lens layer (170), respectively. By example, without limitation, the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (710) may be about 1.5 to 1.6. By example, without limitation, the refractive index of the lens layer (170) may be about 1.5 to 1.6. As a non-limiting example, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer (720) may be about 1.3 or less. In the above example, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer (720) is illustrated as being lower than the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (710) and the refractive index of the lens layer (170), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other words, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer (720) may differ by a certain value (e.g., about 0.2) or more from the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (710) and the refractive index of the lens layer (170).

[0133] As a non-limiting example, the material forming the other light-transmitting layer (720) may be formed of a material that facilitates connection (or bonding, attachment) with the light-transmitting layer (710) and the insulating layer (150). For example, the other light-transmitting layer (720) may be formed using a material that takes into account adhesion with the layers.

[0134] In FIGS. 6 and 7, a display panel (300) including a single optical boundary layer is illustrated, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display panel (300) may include a plurality of optical boundary layers. For example, the plurality of optical boundary layers may be included within the display panel (300) in consideration of light efficiency and process convenience when arranging layers within the display panel (300). Alternatively, for example, the display panel (300) may not include an optical boundary layer. If the refractive index of the lens layer (170) of the display panel (300) and the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (e.g., light-transmitting layer (610) and light-transmitting layer (710)) differ by more than a certain value, the display panel (300) may not include an optical boundary layer.

[0135] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a display panel comprising a light-transmitting layer including a plurality of light-transmitting portions in regions of the display panel.

[0136] FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a display panel (300) comprising a light-transmitting layer (810) including a plurality of light-transmitting portions in regions (801, 802, 803) of the display panel (300).

[0137] Referring to FIG. 8, example (800) may show a cross-sectional view of the display panel (300) in the yz plane as viewed from the x-axis direction. Referring to example (800), the display panel (300) may not include a light-transmitting layer in the first region (801). For example, the stacked structure of the display panel (300) in the first region (801) may be substantially the same as the stacked structure of the display panel (110) in FIG. 1b. Redundant descriptions are omitted below. The first region (801) may correspond to the first region (111) of FIG. 1b (or the first region (301) of FIG. 3). Light emitted from the light-emitting portion (e.g., the light-emitting portion (131) of FIG. 1b) of the display panel (300) of the first region (801) through a color filter (e.g., the color filter (161) of FIG. 1b) can be transmitted to a microlens (e.g., the microlens (171) of FIG. 1b) by bypassing the light-transmitting layer (or by not passing through the light-transmitting layer and not being deflected by the light-transmitting layer).

[0138] For example, the display panel (300) may include a light-transmitting layer in the second region (802). As a non-limiting example, the stacked structure of the display panel (300) in the second region (802) may be substantially the same as the stacked structure of the display panel (300) of FIG. 6. For example, in the second region (802), the display panel (300) may include a light-transmitting layer (610) disposed above the filter layer (160). Redundant descriptions are omitted below. The second region (802) may correspond to the second region (112) of FIG. 1b (or the second region (302) of FIG. 3).

[0139] For example, the display panel (300) may include a light-transmitting layer in a third region (803). For example, the third region (803) may represent an area of ​​the display panel (300) spaced apart from the first region (801). For example, the second region (802) may be located between the first region (801) and the third region (803). As a non-limiting example, the stacked structure of the display panel (300) in the third region (803) may be substantially the same as the stacked structure of the display panel (300) of FIG. 7. For example, in the third region (803), the display panel (300) may include a light-transmitting layer (710) disposed below the filter layer (160). Redundant descriptions are omitted below.

[0140] In FIG. 8, for convenience of explanation, the arrangement of the light-transmitting layer in the second region (802) and the third region (803) of the display panel (300) is illustrated, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display panel (300) may include a light-transmitting layer placed above the filter layer (160) as in FIG. 6 in each of the second region (802) and the third region (803). In this case, the light-transmitting portion of the light-transmitting layer placed in the second region (802) may be formed by DOE, and the light-transmitting portion of the light-transmitting layer placed in the third region (803) may be formed by HOE. Alternatively, the light-transmitting portion of the light-transmitting layer placed in the second region (802) may be formed to have a structure according to the example (510) of FIG. 5a, and the light-transmitting portion of the light-transmitting layer placed in the third region (803) may be formed to have a structure according to the example (520) of FIG. 5a.

[0141] Referring to FIG. 8, Example (850) may show a perspective view of the display panel (300) of Example (800) in the xy plane viewed from the z-axis direction. The first region (851) of Example (850) may correspond to the first region (801) of Example (800), the second region (852) of Example (850) may correspond to the second region (802) of Example (800), and the third region (853) of Example (850) may correspond to the third region (803) of Example (800).

[0142] Referring to example (850), the display panel (300) may have a concentric shape centered on the first region (851). In other words, when viewing the display panel (300) in the z-axis direction, the display panel (300) may have a radial pattern. For example, the radial pattern (or concentric shape) may be determined based on the CRA of the lens (105) according to the regions of the display panel (300).

[0143] In FIG. 8, a display panel (300) including a light-transmitting layer in a first region (801) is shown, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display panel (300) may include a light-transmitting layer in the first region (801) as well.

[0144] In FIGS. 3 through 8, a display panel including a passive (or fixed) light-transmitting layer is described, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display panel of the present disclosure may include a light-transmitting layer in which the optical properties of the light-transmitting layer are changed based on an electrical signal. Specific details related thereto may be referenced to FIG. 9 below.

[0145] FIG. 9 illustrates examples of the state of a light-transmitting layer controlled based on an electrical signal.

[0146] FIG. 9 illustrates examples (900, 950) of the state of a light-transmitting layer (910) controlled based on an electrical signal. For example, the light-transmitting layer (910) may be included in the display panel (300) of FIG. 3. The electrical signal provided to the light-transmitting layer (910) may be provided to the display panel (300) from a display driver IC (integrated circuitry) (e.g., the display driver IC (1130) of FIG. 11) or at least one processor (e.g., the processor (1020) of FIG. 10). In other words, the light-transmitting layer (910) (or the display panel (300)) may be controlled by the display driver IC or the at least one processor.

[0147] Example (900) illustrates an example of a first state of a light-transmitting layer (910). For example, the first state may be referred to as an off state. Referring to Example (900), the light-transmitting layer (910) in the first state may be configured to deflect light (901) transmitted from a light-emitting part (e.g., light-emitting part (336) in FIG. 3) to the light-transmitting layer (910) through a color filter (e.g., color filter (366) in FIG. 3). For example, as the light (901) passes through the light-transmitting layer (910), it may be refracted (or diffracted) into light (902) or light (903). As an example, but not limited to, the light-transmitting layer (910) may be formed of a liquid that changes according to the electrical signal. For example, in the first state, the liquid crystal may be arranged to obstruct the movement of light (901) (or change the path of light (901)).

[0148] Example (950) illustrates an example of a second state of the light-transmitting layer (910). For example, the second state may be referred to as an on state. Referring to Example (950), the light-transmitting layer (910) in the second state may be configured to bypass light (951) transmitted from a light-emitting part (e.g., light-emitting part (336) in FIG. 3) to the light-transmitting layer (910) through a color filter (e.g., color filter (366) in FIG. 3). For example, the light (951) may pass through the light-transmitting layer (910). For example, the light (952) may be the light after the light (951) has passed through the light-transmitting layer (910). The path of the light (952) may coincide with the path of the light (951). In other words, the path of the light (951) can be maintained even if it passes through the light-transmitting layer (910). For example, in the second state, the liquid crystal can be arranged so as not to obstruct the movement of the light (951) (or change the path of the light (951)).

[0149] Referring to the above description, the display panel (300) can deflect light emitted from a light-emitting part through a color filter by controlling the state of the light-transmitting layer (910) upon receiving the electrical signal, so that the light emitted from the light-emitting part is transmitted more to the target micro-lens of the light-emitting part than to the adjacent micro-lens of the light-emitting part. For example, the display panel (300) can control the state of the light-transmitting layer (910) for each region of the display panel (300). For example, the display panel (300) can control the light-transmitting layer (910) of the central region (e.g., the first region (801) of FIG. 8) among the regions of the display panel (300) to the second state, and control the light-transmitting layer (910) of the peripheral region (e.g., the second region (802) or the third region) of FIG. 8) among the regions to the first state. Although not illustrated in FIG. 9, a third state between the first state and the second state may be used. For example, the third state may represent a state in which the arrangement of the liquid crystals of the light-transmitting layer (910) is changed to have a refractive index lower than that of the light-transmitting layer (910) of the first state.

[0150] In FIG. 9, an example is described in which the state of the light-transmitting layer (910) is changed by providing an electrical signal to the light-transmitting layer (910), but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display panel (300) may include a passive (or fixed) light-transmitting layer and another light-transmitting layer placed on (or beneath) the light-transmitting layer and controlled by an electrical signal. For example, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer may be changed based on the electrical signal. As a non-limiting example, as the electrical signal for controlling to the first state is received, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer may be different from the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer. As a non-limiting example, as the electrical signal for controlling to the second state is received, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer may be the same as the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer. When the electrical signal for controlling to the first state is received, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer changes differently from the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer, and a deflection of light by the other light-transmitting layer may be caused. Conversely, when the electrical signal for controlling to the second state is received, the refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer changes to be the same as the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer, and a deflection of light by the other light-transmitting layer may not be caused.

[0151] The effects obtainable from the present disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other unmentioned effects will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs from the description below.

[0152] FIG. 10 is a block diagram of an electronic device in a network environment according to various embodiments.

[0153] Referring to FIG. 10, in a network environment (1000), an electronic device (1001) may communicate with an electronic device (1002) through a first network (1098) (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network) or with at least one of an electronic device (1004) or a server (1008) through a second network (1099) (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (1001) may communicate with the electronic device (1004) through a server (1008). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (1001) may include a processor (1020), memory (1030), input module (1050), sound output module (1055), display module (1060), audio module (1070), sensor module (1076), interface (1077), connection terminal (1078), haptic module (1079), camera module (1080), power management module (1088), battery (1089), communication module (1090), subscriber identification module (1096), or antenna module (1097). In some embodiments, at least one of these components (e.g., connection terminal (1078)) may be omitted from the electronic device (1001), or one or more other components may be added. In some embodiments, some of these components (e.g., sensor module (1076), camera module (1080), or antenna module (1097)) may be integrated into a single component (e.g., display module (1060)).

[0154] The processor (1020) can, for example, execute software (e.g., program (1040)) to control at least one other component (e.g., hardware or software component) of the electronic device (1001) connected to the processor (1020) and can perform various data processing or operations. According to one embodiment, as at least part of the data processing or operations, the processor (1020) can store commands or data received from other components (e.g., sensor module (1076) or communication module (1090)) in volatile memory (1032), process the commands or data stored in volatile memory (1032), and store the resulting data in non-volatile memory (1034). According to one embodiment, the processor (1020) may include a main processor (1021) (e.g., a central processing unit or an application processor) or an auxiliary processor (1023) that can operate independently or together with it (e.g., a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor). For example, if the electronic device (1001) includes a main processor (1021) and an auxiliary processor (1023), the auxiliary processor (1023) may be configured to use less power than the main processor (1021) or to be specialized for a designated function. The auxiliary processor (1023) may be implemented separately from the main processor (1021) or as part thereof.

[0155] The auxiliary processor (1023) may control at least some of the functions or states associated with at least one component of the electronic device (1001) (e.g., display module (1060), sensor module (1076), or communication module (1090)) on behalf of the main processor (1021) while the main processor (1021) is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor (1021) while the main processor (1021) is in an active (e.g., application execution) state. According to one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (1023) (e.g., image signal processor or communication processor) may be implemented as part of another functionally related component (e.g., camera module (1080) or communication module (1090)). According to one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (1023) (e.g., neural network processing unit) may include a hardware structure specialized for processing an artificial intelligence model. The artificial intelligence model may be generated through machine learning. Such learning may be performed, for example, on the electronic device (1001) itself where the artificial intelligence model is executed, or through a separate server (e.g., server (1008)). The learning algorithm may include, for example, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning, but is not limited to the examples described above. The artificial intelligence model may include a plurality of artificial neural network layers.An artificial neural network may be a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of the above, but is not limited to the examples described above. In addition to the hardware structure, the artificial intelligence model may include a software structure, either additionally or substantially.

[0156] The memory (1030) can store various data used by at least one component of the electronic device (1001) (e.g., processor (1020) or sensor module (1076)). The data may include, for example, input data or output data for software (e.g., program (1040)) and related commands. The memory (1030) may include volatile memory (1032) or non-volatile memory (1034).

[0157] The program (1040) may be stored as software in memory (1030) and may include, for example, an operating system (1042), middleware (1044), or an application (1046).

[0158] The input module (1050) can receive commands or data to be used for a component of the electronic device (1001) (e.g., processor (1020)) from outside the electronic device (1001) (e.g., user). The input module (1050) may include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen).

[0159] The sound output module (1055) can output a sound signal to the outside of the electronic device (1001). The sound output module (1055) may include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker may be used for general purposes, such as multimedia playback or recording playback. The receiver may be used to receive incoming calls. According to one embodiment, the receiver may be implemented separately from the speaker or as part thereof.

[0160] The display module (1060) can visually provide information to an external (e.g., user) of the electronic device (1001). The display module (1060) may include, for example, a display, a holographic device, or a projector and a control circuit for controlling said device. According to one embodiment, the display module (1060) may include a touch sensor configured to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor configured to measure the intensity of the force generated by said touch.

[0161] The audio module (1070) can convert sound into an electrical signal or, conversely, convert an electrical signal into sound. According to one embodiment, the audio module (1070) can acquire sound through an input module (1050) or output sound through an audio output module (1055) or an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1002)) (e.g., speaker or headphones) connected directly or wirelessly to the electronic device (1001).

[0162] The sensor module (1076) can detect the operating state of the electronic device (1001) (e.g., power or temperature) or the external environmental state (e.g., user state) and generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected state. According to one embodiment, the sensor module (1076) may include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyroscope sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an accelerometer sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biosensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor.

[0163] The interface (1077) may support one or more specified protocols that can be used for the electronic device (1001) to be connected directly or wirelessly to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1002)). According to one embodiment, the interface (1077) may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, an SD card interface, or an audio interface.

[0164] The connection terminal (1078) may include a connector through which the electronic device (1001) can be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1002)). According to one embodiment, the connection terminal (1078) may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0165] The haptic module (1079) can convert an electrical signal into a mechanical stimulus (e.g., vibration or movement) or an electrical stimulus that can be perceived by the user through tactile or kinesthetic senses. According to one embodiment, the haptic module (1079) may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electric stimulation device.

[0166] The camera module (1080) can capture still images and video. According to one embodiment, the camera module (1080) may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes.

[0167] The power management module (1088) can manage power supplied to the electronic device (1001). According to one embodiment, the power management module (1088) may be implemented, for example, as at least part of a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0168] The battery (1089) can supply power to at least one component of the electronic device (1001). According to one embodiment, the battery (1089) may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell.

[0169] The communication module (1090) can support the establishment of a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between an electronic device (1001) and an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1002), electronic device (1004), or server (1008)), and the performance of communication through the established communication channel. The communication module (1090) may include one or more communication processors that operate independently of the processor (1020) (e.g., application processor) and support direct (e.g., wired) communication or wireless communication. According to one embodiment, the communication module (1090) may include a wireless communication module (1092) (e.g., cellular communication module, short-range wireless communication module, or GNSS (global navigation satellite system) communication module) or a wired communication module (1094) (e.g., LAN (local area network) communication module, or power line communication module). The corresponding communication module among these communication modules can communicate with an external electronic device (1004) through a first network (1098) (e.g., a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, WiFi (wireless fidelity) direct, or IrDA (infrared data association)) or a second network (1099) (e.g., a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., a LAN or WAN)). These various types of communication modules may be integrated into a single component (e.g., a single chip) or implemented as multiple separate components (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module (1092) can identify or authenticate the electronic device (1001) within a communication network such as the first network (1098) or the second network (1099) using subscriber information (e.g., International Mobile Subscriber Identifier (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module (1096).

[0170] The wireless communication module (1092) can support 5G networks and next-generation communication technologies following 4G networks, for example, new radio access technology. NR access technology can support high-speed transmission of high-capacity data (enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)), minimization of terminal power and connection of multiple terminals (massive machine type communications (mMTC)), or high reliability and low latency (ultra-reliable and low-latency communications (URLLC)). The wireless communication module (1092) can support a high-frequency band (e.g., mmWave band) to achieve a high data transmission rate, for example. The wireless communication module (1092) can support various technologies for securing performance in the high-frequency band, such as beamforming, massive MIMO (multiple-input and multiple-output), full-dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large-scale antenna. The wireless communication module (1092) can support various requirements specified in the electronic device (1001), external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1004)), or network system (e.g., second network (1099)). According to one embodiment, the wireless communication module (1092) may support a Peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for eMBB realization, loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for mMTC realization, or U-plane latency (e.g., downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) each 0.5 ms or less, or round trip 1 ms or less) for URLLC realization.

[0171] An antenna module (1097) can transmit a signal or power to or from an external source (e.g., an external electronic device). According to one embodiment, the antenna module (1097) may include an antenna comprising a radiator made of a conductor or a conductive pattern formed on a substrate (e.g., a PCB). According to one embodiment, the antenna module (1097) may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for a communication method used in a communication network, such as a first network (1098) or a second network (1099), may be selected from the plurality of antennas, for example, by a communication module (1090). A signal or power may be transmitted or received between the communication module (1090) and an external electronic device through the selected at least one antenna. According to some embodiments, in addition to the radiator, other components (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) may be additionally formed as part of the antenna module (1097).

[0172] According to various embodiments, the antenna module (1097) may form a mmWave antenna module. According to one embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on or adjacent to a first surface (e.g., bottom surface) of the printed circuit board and capable of supporting a specified high frequency band (e.g., mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., array antennas) disposed on or adjacent to a second surface (e.g., top surface or side surface) of the printed circuit board and capable of transmitting or receiving a signal of the specified high frequency band.

[0173] At least some of the above components can be connected to each other via a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., bus, GPIO (general purpose input and output), SPI (serial peripheral interface), or MIPI (mobile industry processor interface)) and exchange signals (e.g., commands or data) with each other.

[0174] According to one embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between an electronic device (1001) and an external electronic device (1004) through a server (1008) connected to a second network (1099). Each of the external electronic devices (1002, or 1004) may be the same or a different type of device as the electronic device (1001). According to one embodiment, all or part of the operations performed on the electronic device (1001) may be performed on one or more of the external electronic devices (1002, 1004, or 1008). For example, if the electronic device (1001) needs to perform a function or service automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device (1001) may request one or more external electronic devices to perform at least part of the function or service instead of performing the function or service itself or additionally. One or more external electronic devices that receive the above request may execute at least part of the requested function or service, or additional function or service related to the request, and transmit the result of the execution to the electronic device (1001). The electronic device (1001) may provide the result as is or additionally processed as at least part of the response to the request. For this purpose, for example, cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technology may be used. The electronic device (1001) may provide ultra-low latency services using, for example, distributed computing or mobile edge computing. In one embodiment, the external electronic device (1004) may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The server (1008) may be an intelligent server using machine learning and / or neural networks.According to one embodiment, an external electronic device (1004) or server (1008) may be included within the second network (1099). The electronic device (1001) may be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart home, smart city, smart car, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology.

[0175] For example, an external electronic device (1002) renders content data executed in an application and transmits it to an electronic device (1001), and the electronic device (1001) that receives the data can output the content data to a display module. If the electronic device (1001) detects user movement through an IMU sensor or the like, the processor of the electronic device (1001) can correct the rendering data received from the external electronic device (1002) based on the movement information and output it to the display module. Alternatively, the external electronic device (1002) can transmit the movement information to request rendering so that the screen data is updated accordingly. Depending on various embodiments, the external electronic device (1002) may be a device of various forms, such as a case device capable of storing and charging a smartphone or an electronic device (101).

[0176] FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a display module according to various embodiments.

[0177] Referring to FIG. 11, the display module (1060) may include a display panel (1110) and a display driver IC (DDI) (1130) (or a display driving circuit (1130)) for controlling the same. The DDI (1130) may include an interface module (1131), a memory (1133) (e.g., a buffer memory), an image processing module (1135), or a mapping module (1137). The DDI (1130) may receive image information, for example, image data or an image control signal corresponding to a command for controlling the image data, from another component of the electronic device (1001) through the interface module (1131). For example, according to one embodiment, image information may be received from a processor (1020) (e.g., main processor (1021) (e.g., application processor)) or an auxiliary processor (1023) (e.g., graphics processing unit) that operates independently of the functions of the main processor (1021). The DDI (1130) may communicate with the touch circuit (1150) or sensor module (1076), etc., through the interface module (1131). Additionally, the DDI (1130) may store at least a portion of the received image information in memory (1133), for example, in frame units. The image processing module (1135) may perform preprocessing or postprocessing (e.g., resolution, brightness, or size adjustment) on at least a portion of the image data based at least on the characteristics of the image data or the characteristics of the display panel (1110), for example. The mapping module (1137) may obtain voltage values ​​or current values ​​corresponding to the image data preprocessed or postprocessed through the image processing module (1135). It can be generated. According to one embodiment, the generation of a voltage value or a current value can be performed, for example, based at least in part on the properties of the pixels of the display panel (1110) (e.g., array of pixels (RGB stripe or pentile structure), or the size of each subpixel).At least some pixels of the display panel (1110) are driven, for example, based on at least some of the voltage value or current value, so that visual information (e.g., text, image, or icon) corresponding to the image data can be displayed through the display panel (1110).

[0178] According to one embodiment, the display module (1060) may further include a touch circuit (1150). The touch circuit (1150) may include a touch sensor (1151) and a touch sensor IC (1153) for controlling the same. The touch sensor IC (1153) may control the touch sensor (1151) to detect a touch input or hovering input for a specific location on the display panel (1110), for example. For example, the touch sensor IC (1153) may detect a touch input or hovering input by measuring a change in a signal (e.g., voltage, light intensity, resistance, or charge) for a specific location on the display panel (1110). The touch sensor IC (1153) may provide information regarding the detected touch input or hovering input (e.g., location, area, pressure, or time) to the processor (1020). According to one embodiment, at least a part of the touch circuit (1150) (e.g., touch sensor IC (1153)) may be included as part of the display driver IC (1130) or the display panel (1110), or as part of another component (e.g., auxiliary processor (1023)) placed outside the display module (1060).

[0179] According to one embodiment, the display module (1060) may further include at least one sensor (e.g., fingerprint sensor, iris sensor, pressure sensor, or light sensor) of the sensor module (1076) or a control circuit for the same. In this case, the at least one sensor or the control circuit for the same may be embedded in a part of the display module (1060) (e.g., display panel (1110) or DDI (1130)) or a part of the touch circuit (1150). For example, if the sensor module (1076) embedded in the display module (1060) includes a biometric sensor (e.g., fingerprint sensor), the biometric sensor may acquire biometric information (e.g., fingerprint image) associated with a touch input through a part of the display panel (1110). As another example, if the sensor module (1076) embedded in the display module (1060) includes a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor can obtain pressure information associated with a touch input through a part or the entire area of ​​the display panel (1110). According to one embodiment, the touch sensor (1151) or the sensor module (1076) may be placed between pixels of a pixel layer of the display panel (1110), or above or below the pixel layer.

[0180] In embodiments of the present disclosure, an electronic device for displaying an image in a virtual space (e.g., the electronic device (400) of FIG. 4, the electronic device (1001) of FIG. 10) may be a wearable device. The wearable device may include a head-mounted display (HMD) that is wearable on a user's head. The wearable device may be referred to as a head-mount device (HMD), a headgear electronic device, a glasses-type electronic device, a video see-through (VST) or visible see-through (VST) device, an extended reality (XR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, and / or an augmented reality (AR) device. An example of a hardware configuration included within the wearable device is described exemplarily with reference to FIG. 12b. An example of the structure of a wearable device that is wearable on a user's head is described with reference to FIG. 12a through 13b. The wearable device may be referred to as an electronic device (400). For example, the electronic device may be combined with an accessory (e.g., a strap) to be attached to the user's head to form an HMD.

[0181] According to one embodiment, a wearable device can perform functions related to augmented reality (AR) and / or mixed reality (MR). For example, while a user is wearing the wearable device, the wearable device may include at least one lens positioned adjacent to the user's eye. The wearable device may combine light emitted from a display of the wearable device with ambient light passing through the lens. The display area of ​​the display may be formed within the lens through which the ambient light passes. Because the wearable device combines the ambient light and the light emitted from the display, the user may see a mixed image of a real object (or physical object) perceived by the ambient light and a virtual object formed by the light emitted from the display. The augmented reality, mixed reality, and / or virtual reality described above may be referred to as extended reality (XR).

[0182] According to one embodiment, a wearable device may perform functions related to VST (video see-through or visible see-through) and / or virtual reality (VR). For example, while a user is wearing the wearable device, the wearable device may include a housing that covers the user's eyes. The wearable device may include a display disposed on a first surface of the housing facing the eyes while in the state. The wearable device may include a camera disposed on a second surface opposite to the first surface. Using the camera, the wearable device may acquire an image and / or video representing ambient light. The wearable device may output the image and / or video within the display disposed on the first surface so that the user perceives the ambient light through the display. A displaying area (or displaying region) (or active area or active region) of the display disposed on the first surface may be formed by one or more pixels included in the display. The wearable device can composite a virtual object with an image and / or video output through the display, thereby allowing the user to perceive the virtual object along with a real object perceived by ambient light.

[0183] According to one embodiment, a wearable device can identify or recognize the position or location and / or direction or orientation of the wearable device based on an image (and / or video) obtained or acquired using a camera. The wearable device can acquire information about the external space using one or more cameras and / or one or more sensors. The information may include a geographic location of the external space (e.g., Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates) identified by one or more sensors. The information may include an image and / or video of the external space identified by one or more cameras. The wearable device can perform object recognition on the image and / or video to identify external objects contained in the external space from the image and / or video.

[0184] Hereinafter, an example of a hardware configuration of a wearable device is described with reference to FIGS. 12a, FIGS. 12b, FIGS. 13a, and FIGS. 13b.

[0185] FIG. 12a illustrates an example of a perspective view of an electronic device. FIG. 12b illustrates an example of one or more hardware components arranged within the electronic device.

[0186] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may have the form of glasses that are wearable on a part of a user's body (e.g., head). The electronic device (101) of FIGS. 12a and 12b may be an example of the head-wearing electronic device (101) of FIGS. 1a. For example, the electronic device (101) of FIGS. 12a and 12b may be an example of the electronic device (1001) of FIGS. 10. The electronic device (101) may include a head-mounted display (HMD). For example, the electronic device (101) of FIGS. 12a and 12b may be referred to as a wearable device, a head-wearing electronic device, an HMD device, or an AR / VR device.

[0187] For example, the housing of the electronic device (101) may include a flexible material such as rubber and / or silicone having a shape that adheres to a part of the user's head (e.g., a part of the face covering both eyes). For example, the housing of the electronic device (101) may include one or more straps that can be twined around the user's head and / or one or more temples that are attachable to the ears of the head.

[0188] Referring to FIG. 12a, an electronic device (101) according to one embodiment may include at least one display (1250) and a frame (1200) supporting at least one display (1250).

[0189] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may be worn on a part of a user's body. The electronic device (101) may provide augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), or mixed reality (MR) that combines augmented reality and virtual reality to the user wearing the electronic device (101). For example, the electronic device (101) may display a virtual reality image provided by at least one optical device (1282, 1284) of FIG. 12b on at least one display (1250) in response to a designated gesture of the user obtained through the motion recognition camera (1260-2, 1260-3) of FIG. 12b.

[0190] According to one embodiment, at least one display (1250) can provide visual information to a user. For example, at least one display (1250) may include a transparent or translucent lens. At least one display (1250) may include a first display (1250-1) and / or a second display (1250-2) spaced apart from the first display (1250-1). For example, the first display (1250-1) and the second display (1250-2) may be positioned at locations corresponding to the user's left eye and right eye, respectively.

[0191] Referring to FIG. 12b, at least one display (1250) may provide visual information transmitted from external light to a user through a lens included in at least one display (1250) and other visual information distinct from said visual information. The lens may be formed based on at least one of a Fresnel lens, a pancake lens, or a multi-channel lens. For example, at least one display (1250) may include a first surface (1231) and a second surface (1232) opposite to the first surface (1231). A display area may be formed on the second surface (1232) of at least one display (1250). When a user wears the electronic device (101), external light may be transmitted to the user by being incident on the first surface (1231) and transmitted through the second surface (1232). As another example, at least one display (1250) can display an augmented reality image combined with a virtual reality image provided by at least one optical device (1282, 1284) on a real screen transmitted through external light in a display area formed on a second surface (1232).

[0192] In one embodiment, at least one display (1250) may include at least one waveguide (1233, 1234) that diffracts light emitted from at least one optical device (1282, 284) and transmits it to a user. At least one waveguide (1233, 1234) may be formed based on at least one of glass, plastic, or polymer. A nano pattern may be formed on the exterior or at least a portion of the interior of at least one waveguide (1233, 1234). The nano pattern may be formed based on a polygonal and / or curved grating structure. Light incident on one end of at least one waveguide (1233, 1234) may be propagated to the other end of at least one waveguide (1233, 1234) by the nano pattern. At least one waveguide (1233, 1234) may include at least one diffractive element (e.g., DOE (diffractive optical element), HOE (holographic optical element)) and at least one reflective element (e.g., a reflective mirror). For example, at least one waveguide (1233, 1234) may be placed within an electronic device (101) to guide a screen displayed by at least one display (1250) to the user's eye. For example, the screen may be transmitted to the user's eye based on total internal reflection (TIR) ​​occurring within at least one waveguide (1233, 1234).

[0193] The electronic device (101) can analyze an object included in a real-world image collected through a camera (1260-4), combine a virtual object corresponding to an object among the analyzed objects that is the target of augmented reality provision, and display it on at least one display (1250). The virtual object may include at least one of text and an image regarding various information related to the object included in the real-world image. The electronic device (101) can analyze the object based on a multi-camera such as a stereo camera. For the object analysis, the electronic device (101) can perform spatial recognition (e.g., SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping)) using a multi-camera and / or time-of-flight (ToF). A user wearing the electronic device (101) can view the image displayed on at least one display (1250).

[0194] According to one embodiment, the frame (1200) may be formed as a physical structure that allows the electronic device (101) to be worn on the user's body. According to one embodiment, the frame (1200) may be configured so that when the user wears the electronic device (101), the first display (1250-1) and the second display (1250-2) can be positioned corresponding to the user's left and right eyes. The frame (1200) may support at least one display (1250). For example, the frame (1200) may support the first display (1250-1) and the second display (1250-2) so that they are positioned corresponding to the user's left and right eyes.

[0195] Referring to FIG. 12a, the frame (1200) may include an area (1220) in which at least a portion of the frame contacts a part of the user's body when the user wears the electronic device (101). For example, the area (1220) of the frame (1200) in contact with a part of the user's body may include an area in contact with a part of the user's nose, a part of the user's ear, and a part of the side of the user's face that the electronic device (101) contacts. According to one embodiment, the frame (1200) may include a nose pad (1210) that contacts a part of the user's body. When the electronic device (101) is worn by the user, the nose pad (1210) may contact a part of the user's nose. The frame (1200) may include a first temple (1204) and a second temple (1205) that contact a different part of the user's body distinct from the part of the user's body.

[0196] For example, the frame (1200) may include a first rim (1201) covering at least a portion of a first display (1250-1), a second rim (1202) covering at least a portion of a second display (1250-2), a bridge (1203) positioned between the first rim (1201) and the second rim (1202), a first pad (1211) positioned along a portion of the edge of the first rim (1201) from one end of the bridge (1203), a second pad (1212) positioned along a portion of the edge of the second rim (1202) from the other end of the bridge (1203), a first temple (1204) extending from the first rim (1201) and fixed to a portion of the wearer's ear, and a second temple (1205) extending from the second rim (1202) and fixed to a portion of the ear opposite to the ear. The first pad (1211) and the second pad (1212) may come into contact with a part of the user's nose, and the first temple (1204) and the second temple (1205) may come into contact with a part of the user's face and a part of the ear. The temples (1204, 1205) may be rotatably connected to the rim through the hinge units (1206, 207) of FIG. 12b. The first temple (1204) may be rotatably connected to the first rim (1201) through a first hinge unit (1206) positioned between the first rim (1201) and the first temple (1204). The second temple (1205) may be rotatably connected to the second rim (1202) through a second hinge unit (1207) disposed between the second rim (1202) and the second temple (1205). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may identify an external object (e.g., a user's fingertip) touching the frame (1200) and / or a gesture performed by said external object by using a touch sensor, a grip sensor, and / or a proximity sensor formed on at least a portion of the surface of the frame (1200).

[0197] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may include hardware that performs various functions (e.g., processor, memory). For example, the hardware may include a battery module (1270), an antenna module (1275), at least one optical device (1282, 1284), speakers (e.g., speakers (1255-1, 1255-2)), a microphone (e.g., microphones (1265-1, 1265-2, 1265-3)), a light-emitting module (not shown), and / or a PCB (printed circuit board) (1290) (e.g., a printed circuit board). The various hardware may be placed within a frame (1200).

[0198] According to one embodiment, a microphone (e.g., microphones (1265-1, 1265-2, 1265-3)) of an electronic device (101) is positioned on at least a portion of a frame (1200) to acquire a sound signal. A first microphone (1265-1) positioned on a bridge (1203), a second microphone (1265-2) positioned on a second rim (1202), and a third microphone (1265-3) positioned on a first rim (1201) are shown in FIG. 12b, but the number and position of the microphones (1265) are not limited to the embodiment of FIG. 12b. If there are two or more microphones (1265) included in the electronic device (101), the electronic device (101) can identify the direction of the sound signal by using a plurality of microphones positioned on different portions of the frame (1200).

[0199] According to one embodiment, at least one optical device (1282, 1284) may project a virtual object onto at least one display (1250) to provide various image information to a user. For example, at least one optical device (1282, 1284) may be a projector. At least one optical device (1282, 1284) may be disposed adjacent to at least one display (1250) or included within at least one display (1250) as part of at least one display (1250). According to one embodiment, an electronic device (101) may include a first optical device (1282) corresponding to a first display (1250-1) and a second optical device (1284) corresponding to a second display (1250-2). For example, at least one optical device (1282, 1284) may include a first optical device (1282) positioned at the edge of a first display (1250-1) and a second optical device (1284) positioned at the edge of a second display (1250-2). The first optical device (1282) may transmit light to a first waveguide (1233) positioned on the first display (1250-1), and the second optical device (1284) may transmit light to a second waveguide (1234) positioned on the second display (1250-2).

[0200] In one embodiment, the camera (1260) may include a shooting camera (1260-4), an eye tracking camera (ET CAM) (1260-1), and / or a motion recognition camera (1260-2, 1260-3). The shooting camera (1260-4), the eye tracking camera (1260-1), and the motion recognition camera (1260-2, 1260-3) may be positioned at different locations on the frame (1200) and may perform different functions. The eye tracking camera (1260-1) may output data indicating the position of the eyes or the gaze of a user wearing the electronic device (101). For example, the electronic device (101) may detect the gaze from an image containing the user's pupils obtained through the eye tracking camera (1260-1). The electronic device (101) can identify an object focused by the user (e.g., a real object, and / or a virtual object) by using the user's gaze obtained through the gaze tracking camera (1260-1). The electronic device (101), having identified the focused object, can execute a function for interaction between the user and the focused object (e.g., gaze interaction). The electronic device (101) can represent a portion corresponding to the eyes of an avatar representing the user in a virtual space by using the user's gaze obtained through the gaze tracking camera (1260-1). The electronic device (101) can render an image (or screen) displayed on at least one display (1250) based on the position of the user's eyes. For example, the visual quality of a first region associated with the gaze within the image and the visual quality of a second region distinct from the first region (e.g., resolution, brightness, saturation, grayscale, PPI (pixels per inch)) may differ from each other. In the present disclosure, the term “resolution” is used to refer to the density of pixels of an image and / or display (1250).The density and / or resolution of the pixels may be measured based on units of PPI and / or dpi (dots per inch) or may be parameterized. The electronic device (101) may acquire an image having a visual quality of a first region and a visual quality of a second region that matches the user's gaze by using foveated rendering. For example, if the electronic device (101) supports an iris recognition function, user authentication may be performed based on iris information acquired using an eye-tracking camera (1260-1). An example in which the eye-tracking camera (1260-1) is positioned toward the user's right eye is illustrated in FIG. 12b, but the embodiment is not limited thereto, and the eye-tracking camera (1260-1) may be positioned solely toward the user's left eye or toward both eyes.

[0201] In one embodiment, the camera (1260-4) can capture a real image or background to be matched with a virtual image in order to implement augmented reality or mixed reality content. The camera (1260-4) can be used to acquire high-resolution images based on HR (high resolution) or PV (photo video). The camera (1260-4) can capture an image of a specific object located at the position viewed by the user and provide the image to at least one display (1250). The at least one display (1250) can display a single image in which information regarding a real image or background including the image of the specific object acquired using the camera (1260-4) and a virtual image provided through at least one optical device (1282, 1284) are superimposed. The electronic device (101) can compensate for depth information (e.g., the distance between the electronic device (101) and an external object acquired through a depth sensor) using the image acquired through the camera (1260-4). The electronic device (101) can perform object recognition through an image acquired using a shooting camera (1260-4). The electronic device (101) can perform a function of focusing on an object (or subject) in an image (e.g., auto focus) and / or an optical image stabilization (OIS) function (e.g., anti-shake function) using the shooting camera (1260-4). The electronic device (101) can perform a pass-through function to superimpose an image acquired through the shooting camera (1260-4) onto at least a portion of a screen representing a virtual space while displaying the screen representing a virtual space on at least one display (1250). In one embodiment, the shooting camera (1260-4) may be placed on a bridge (1203) positioned between a first rim (1201) and a second rim (1202).

[0202] The eye tracking camera (1260-1) can achieve more realistic augmented reality by tracking the gaze of a user wearing the electronic device (101), thereby matching the user's gaze with visual information provided to at least one display (1250). For example, when the user looks straight ahead, the electronic device (101) can naturally display environmental information related to the user's front on at least one display (1250) at the location where the user is situated. The eye tracking camera (1260-1) may be configured to capture an image of the user's pupil to determine the user's gaze. For example, the eye tracking camera (1260-1) may receive a gaze detection light reflected from the user's pupil and track the user's gaze based on the position and movement of the received gaze detection light. In one embodiment, the eye tracking camera (1260-1) may be positioned at locations corresponding to the user's left and right eyes. For example, the eye-tracking camera (1260-1) may be positioned within the first rim (1201) and / or the second rim (1202) to face the direction in which the user wearing the electronic device (101) is located.

[0203] A motion recognition camera (1260-2, 1260-3) can provide a specific event to a screen provided on at least one display (1250) by recognizing the movement of the user's entire body or part thereof, such as the user's torso, hands, or face. A motion recognition camera (1260-2, 1260-3) can recognize the user's gesture, acquire a signal corresponding to the gesture, and provide a display corresponding to the signal to at least one display (1250). A processor can identify the signal corresponding to the gesture and, based on the identification, perform a designated function. A motion recognition camera (1260-2, 1260-3) can be used to perform a spatial recognition function using SLAM and / or a depth map for a 6-degrees-of-freedom pose (6 dof pose). A processor can use the motion recognition camera (1260-2, 1260-3) to perform a gesture recognition function and / or an object tracking function. In one embodiment, a motion recognition camera (1260-2, 1260-3) may be placed on the first rim (1201) and / or the second rim (1202).

[0204] The camera (1260) included in the electronic device (101) is not limited to the eye-tracking camera (1260-1) and motion recognition camera (1260-2, 1260-3) described above. For example, the electronic device (101) can identify external objects included within the field of view (FoV) by using a camera positioned toward the user's field of view (FoV). The identification of external objects by the electronic device (101) can be performed based on a sensor for identifying the distance between the electronic device (101) and the external object, such as a depth sensor and / or a time of flight (ToF) sensor. The camera (1260) positioned toward the FoV can support an autofocus (AF) function and / or an optical image stabilization (OIS) function. For example, the electronic device (101) may include a camera (1260) (e.g., a face tracking camera) positioned toward the face to acquire an image including the face of a user wearing the electronic device (101).

[0205] Although not illustrated, according to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may further include a light source (e.g., LED) that emits light toward a subject (e.g., user's eye, face, and / or an object outside the FoV) being photographed using a camera (1260). The light source may include an LED of infrared wavelength. The light source may be placed in at least one of the frame (1200) and hinge units (1206, 1207).

[0206] According to one embodiment, the battery module (1270) can supply power to the electronic components of the electronic device (101). In one embodiment, the battery module (1270) may be placed within the first temple (1204) and / or the second temple (1205). For example, the battery module (1270) may be a plurality of battery modules (1270). The plurality of battery modules (1270) may each be placed in the first temple (1204) and the second temple (1205), respectively. In one embodiment, the battery module (1270) may be placed at the end of the first temple (1204) and / or the second temple (1205).

[0207] The antenna module (1275) can transmit a signal or power to the outside of the electronic device (101) or receive a signal or power from the outside. In one embodiment, the antenna module (1275) may be placed within the first temple (1204) and / or the second temple (1205). For example, the antenna module (1275) may be placed close to one side of the first temple (1204) and / or the second temple (1205).

[0208] The speaker (1255) can output an acoustic signal to the outside of the electronic device (101). The acoustic output module may be referred to as the speaker. In one embodiment, the speaker (1255) may be placed within a first temple (1204) and / or a second temple (1205) to be positioned adjacent to the ear of a user wearing the electronic device (101). For example, the speaker (1255) may include a second speaker (1255-2) positioned adjacent to the user's left ear by being placed within the first temple (1204), and a first speaker (1255-1) positioned adjacent to the user's right ear by being placed within the second temple (1205).

[0209] A light-emitting module (not shown) may include at least one light-emitting element. The light-emitting module may emit light of a color corresponding to a specific state or emit light with an action corresponding to a specific state in order to visually provide information regarding a specific state of the electronic device (101) to the user. For example, if the electronic device (101) requires charging, it may emit red light at a constant frequency. In one embodiment, the light-emitting module may be placed on the first rim (1201) and / or the second rim (1202).

[0210] Referring to FIG. 12b, according to one embodiment, an electronic device (101) may include a printed circuit board (PCB) (1290). The PCB (1290) may be included in at least one of a first temple (1204) or a second temple (1205). The PCB (1290) may include an interposer disposed between at least two sub-PCBs. On the PCB (1290), one or more hardware components (e.g., a processor, memory) included in the electronic device (101) may be disposed. The electronic device (101) may include a flexible PCB (FPCB) for interconnecting the hardware components.

[0211] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may include at least one of a gyroscope sensor, a gravity sensor, and / or an acceleration sensor for detecting the posture of the electronic device (101) and / or the posture of a body part (e.g., head) of a user wearing the electronic device (101). Each of the gravity sensor and the acceleration sensor may measure gravitational acceleration and / or acceleration based on designated three-dimensional axes (e.g., x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis) that are perpendicular to each other. The gyroscope sensor may measure the angular velocity of each of the designated three-dimensional axes (e.g., x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis). At least one of the gravity sensor, the acceleration sensor, and the gyroscope sensor may be referred to as an inertial measurement unit (IMU). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may identify motions and / or gestures of a user performed to execute or interrupt specific functions of the electronic device (101) based on the IMU.

[0212] FIGS. 13a and FIGS. 13b illustrate an example of the appearance of an electronic device.

[0213] The electronic device (101) of FIGS. 13a and FIGS. 13b may be an example of the electronic device (101) of FIGS. 12a and FIGS. 12b. For example, the electronic device (101) of FIGS. 13a and FIGS. 13b may be an example of the head-worn electronic device (101) of FIGS. 1a or the electronic device (1001) of FIGS. 10. For example, the electronic device (101) of FIGS. 13a and FIGS. 13b may be referred to as a wearable device, a head-worn electronic device, an HMD device, or an AR / VR device. According to one embodiment, an example of the appearance of a first surface (1310) of the housing of the electronic device (101) may be shown in FIG. 13a, and an example of the appearance of a second surface (1320) opposite to the first surface (1310) may be shown in FIG. 13b.

[0214] Referring to FIG. 13a, according to one embodiment, a first surface (1310) of an electronic device (101) may have a shape that is attachable to a part of a user's body (e.g., the face of the user). Although not illustrated, the electronic device (101) may further include a strap for fixing to a part of the user's body and / or one or more temples (e.g., a first temple (1204) and / or a second temple (1205) of FIG. 12a and FIG. 12b). A first display (1250-1) for outputting an image to the left eye among the user's two eyes, and a second display (1250-2) for outputting an image to the right eye among the two eyes may be disposed on the first surface (1310). The electronic device (101) may further include a rubber or silicone packing formed on the first surface (1310) to prevent interference by light different from light emitted from the first display (1250-1) and the second display (1250-2) (e.g., ambient light).

[0215] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may include cameras (1260-1) for photographing and / or tracking both eyes of a user adjacent to each of the first display (1250-1) and the second display (1250-2). The cameras (1260-1) may be referenced to the eye-tracking camera (1260-1) of FIG. 12b. According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may include cameras (1260-5, 1260-6) for photographing and / or recognizing a user's face. The cameras (1260-5, 1260-6) may be referenced to FT cameras. The electronic device (101) may control an avatar representing the user in a virtual space based on the motion of the user's face identified using the cameras (1260-5, 1260-6). For example, the electronic device (101) can change the texture and / or shape of a part of an avatar (e.g., a part of an avatar representing a human face) by using information obtained by cameras (1260-5, 1260-6) (e.g., FT cameras) and representing the facial expression of a user wearing the electronic device (101).

[0216] Referring to FIG. 13b, on a second surface (1320) opposite to the first surface (1310) of FIG. 13a, a camera (e.g., cameras (1260-7, 1260-8, 1260-9, 1260-10, 1260-11, 1260-12)), and / or a sensor (e.g., a depth sensor (1330)) may be placed to acquire information related to the external environment of the electronic device (101). For example, cameras (1260-7, 1260-8, 1260-9, 1260-10) may be placed on the second surface (1320) to recognize external objects. The cameras (1260-7, 1260-8, 1260-9, 1260-10) can be referenced to the motion recognition cameras (1260-2, 1260-3) of FIG. 12b.

[0217] For example, using cameras (1260-11, 1260-12), the electronic device (101) can acquire images and / or videos to be transmitted to each of the user's two eyes. Camera (1260-11) may be placed on a second surface (1320) of the electronic device (101) to acquire an image to be displayed through a second display (1250-2) corresponding to the right eye among the two eyes. Camera (1260-12) may be placed on a second surface (1320) of the electronic device (101) to acquire an image to be displayed through a first display (1250-1) corresponding to the left eye among the two eyes. Cameras (1260-11, 1260-12) may be referenced to the shooting camera (1260-4) of FIG. 12b.

[0218] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (101) may include a depth sensor (1330) disposed on a second surface (1320) to identify the distance between the electronic device (101) and an external object. Using the depth sensor (1330), the electronic device (101) may obtain spatial information (e.g., a depth map) for at least a portion of the FoV of a user wearing the electronic device (101). Although not illustrated, a microphone may be disposed on the second surface (1320) of the electronic device (101) to obtain sound output from an external object. The number of microphones may be one or more, depending on the embodiment.

[0219] The components of the electronic device (101) illustrated in FIGS. 12a through 13b are merely exemplary and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the electronic device (101) may further include at least one of the components illustrated in FIGS. 12a through 13b or may not include at least one. For example, the electronic device (101) may include the components in a region (or arrangement) different from the region (or arrangement) where the components illustrated in FIGS. 12a through 13b are located. For example, the electronic device (101) may include a number of components different from the number of each of the components (e.g., cameras or sensors) illustrated in FIGS. 12a through 13b.

[0220] The technical problems to be solved in this disclosure are not limited to those mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0221] As described above, the head-worn electronic device (101) may include a display panel (300). The display panel (300) may include a light-emitting layer (130) including a light-emitting portion (336). The display panel (300) may include a filter layer (160) that is placed above the light-emitting layer (130) and includes a color filter (366) that overlaps the light-emitting portion (336). The display panel (300) may include a lens layer (170) that is placed above the filter layer (160) and includes a first micro lens (376) that overlaps the first portion of the color filter (366) and a second micro lens (377) that overlaps the second portion of the color filter (366). The display panel (300) may include a light-transmitting layer (310) configured to deflect light so that light emitted from the light-emitting portion (336) through the color filter (366) is further transmitted to the first micro-lens (376) relative to the second micro-lens (377).

[0222] According to one embodiment, the light-transmitting layer (310) may include a light-transmitting portion (316) that overlaps the light-emitting portion (336). The light-transmitting portion (316) may be configured to deflect the light toward the first microlens (376) and prevent the light from deflecting toward the second microlens (377).

[0223] According to one embodiment, the light-transmitting portion (316) may be formed by a diffractive optical element (DOE) based on a pattern structure used to deflect the light toward the first microlens (376).

[0224] According to one embodiment, the light-transmitting portion (316) may be formed by a holographic optical element (HOE) based on materials having refractive indices used to deflect the light toward the first microlens (376).

[0225] According to one embodiment, the light-emitting portion (336) may be aligned with the color filter (366). The light-emitting portion (336) may be misaligned with the first microlens (376).

[0226] According to one embodiment, the head-worn electronic device (101) may include a lens (105) positioned in front of the eyes of a user wearing the head-worn electronic device (101). The first micro lens (376) may be offset from the light-emitting portion (336) based on the chief ray of angle (CRA) of the lens (105) defined with respect to the light-emitting portion (336).

[0227] According to one embodiment, the light-emitting layer (130) may include another light-emitting portion (337) next to the light-emitting portion (336) and spaced apart from the light-emitting portion (336). The filter layer (160) may include another color filter (367) that overlaps the other light-emitting portion (337). The second microlens (377) that overlaps the second portion of the color filter (366) may overlap the portion of the other color filter (367). The light-transmitting layer (310) may be configured to deflect the other light so that the other light emitted from the other light-emitting portion (337) through the other color filter (367) is transmitted more to the second microlens (377) relative to the first microlens (376).

[0228] According to one embodiment, the display panel (300) may include a plurality of pixels. Each of the plurality of pixels may include a first subpixel and a second subpixel. The light-emitting portion (336) may be included in the first subpixel. The other light-emitting portion (337) may be included in the second subpixel.

[0229] According to one embodiment, the light-emitting layer (130) may include another light-emitting portion spaced apart from the light-emitting portion (336). The filter layer (160) may include another color filter that overlaps the other light-emitting portion. The lens layer (170) may include a third microlens that overlaps the other color filter. Other light emitted from the other light-emitting portion through the other color filter may be transmitted to the third microlens by bypassing the light-transmitting layer (310).

[0230] According to one embodiment, the other light-emitting portion of the light-emitting layer (130) may be located in a first region (301) of the display panel (300) corresponding to the optical axis of the lens (105) of the head-wearing electronic device (101) which is positioned in front of the eyes of a user wearing the head-wearing electronic device (101). The light-emitting portion (336) of the light-emitting layer (130) may be located in a second region (302) of the display panel (300) which is located peripherally to the first region (301).

[0231] According to one embodiment, the light-transmitting layer (310, 610) may be placed between the filter layer (160) and the lens layer (170).

[0232] According to one embodiment, the display panel (300) may further include another light-transmitting layer (620) disposed between the light-transmitting layer (310, 610) and the lens layer (170). The refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer (620) may be different from the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (310, 610) and the refractive index of the lens layer (170), respectively.

[0233] According to one embodiment, the light-transmitting layer (310, 710) may be placed between the light-emitting layer (130) and the filter layer (160).

[0234] According to one embodiment, the display panel (300) may further include another light-transmitting layer (720) disposed between the light-transmitting layer (310, 710) and the light-emitting layer (130). The refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer (720) may be different from the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (310, 710) and the refractive index of the lens layer (170), respectively.

[0235] According to one embodiment, the display panel (300) may include a cover glass (190) disposed on the lens layer (170). The display panel (300) may include an electrode layer (140) disposed on the light-emitting layer (130). The display panel (300) may include an insulating layer (150) disposed on the electrode layer (140) and defining the light-emitting portion (336). The electrode layer (140) may include at least one of a cathode or an anode for the light-emitting portion (336) of the light-emitting layer (130).

[0236] As described above, the head-worn electronic device (101) may include a display panel (300). The display panel (300) may include a light-emitting layer (130) including a light-emitting portion (336). The display panel (300) may include a filter layer (160) that is placed above the light-emitting layer (130) and includes a color filter (366) that overlaps the light-emitting portion (336). The display panel (300) may include a lens layer (170) that is placed above the filter layer (160) and includes a first micro lens (376) that overlaps the first portion of the color filter (366) and a second micro lens (377) that overlaps the second portion of the color filter (366). The display panel (300) may include a light-transmitting layer (310) configured to deflect light such that a portion of the light emitted from the light-emitting portion (336) through the color filter (366) is transmitted to the first micro-lens (376) and a portion of the light is transmitted to the second micro-lens (377) and a portion of the light is transmitted to the second micro-lens (377).

[0237] According to one embodiment, the light-transmitting layer (310) may include a light-transmitting portion (316) that overlaps the light-emitting portion (336). The light-transmitting portion (316) may be configured to deflect the light toward the first microlens (376) and prevent the light from deflecting toward the second microlens (377).

[0238] According to one embodiment, the light-emitting portion (336) may be aligned with the color filter (366). The light-emitting portion (336) may be misaligned with the first microlens (376).

[0239] According to one embodiment, the head-worn electronic device (101) may include a lens (105) positioned in front of the eyes of a user wearing the head-worn electronic device (101). The first micro lens (376) may be offset from the light-emitting portion (336) based on the chief ray of angle (CRA) of the lens (105) defined with respect to the light-emitting portion (336).

[0240] According to one embodiment, the light-emitting layer (130) may include another light-emitting portion spaced apart from the light-emitting portion (336). The filter layer (160) may include another color filter that overlaps the other light-emitting portion. The lens layer (170) may include a third microlens that overlaps the other color filter. Other light emitted from the other light-emitting portion through the other color filter may be transmitted to the third microlens by bypassing the light-transmitting layer (310).

[0241] The electronic device according to the various embodiments disclosed in this document may be of various forms. The electronic device may include, for example, a portable communication device (e.g., a smartphone), a computer device, a portable multimedia device, a portable medical device, a camera, a wearable device, or a consumer electronics device. The electronic device according to the embodiments of this document is not limited to the devices described above.

[0242] The various embodiments of this document and the terms used therein are not intended to limit the technical features described in this document to specific embodiments, and should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutions of said embodiments. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of said items unless the relevant context clearly indicates otherwise. In this document, phrases such as "A or B," "at least one of A and B," "at least one of A or B," "A, B or C," "at least one of A, B and C," and "at least one of A, B, or C" may each include any one of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as "first," "second," or "first" or "second" may be used simply to distinguish said components from other said components and do not limit said components in any other aspect (e.g., importance or order). Where any (e.g., 1st) component is referred to as "coupled" or "connected" to another (e.g., 2nd) component, with or without the terms "functionally" or "communicationly," it means that said any component may be connected to said other component directly (e.g., via a wire), wirelessly, or through a third component.

[0243] The term “module” as used in the various embodiments of this document may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, logic block, component, or circuit, for example. A module may be a component formed integrally, or a minimum unit of said component or a part thereof that performs one or more functions. For example, according to one embodiment, a module may be implemented in the form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0244] Various embodiments of the present document may be implemented as software (e.g., program (1040)) comprising one or more instructions stored in a storage medium (e.g., internal memory (1036) or external memory (1038)) readable by a machine (e.g., electronic device (1001)). For example, a processor (e.g., processor (1020)) of the machine (e.g., electronic device (1001)) may call at least one of the one or more instructions stored from the storage medium and execute it. This enables the machine to be operated to perform at least one function according to the at least one called instruction. The one or more instructions may include code generated by a compiler or code that can be executed by an interpreter. The storage medium readable by the machine may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Here, 'non-temporary' simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device and does not contain a signal (e.g., electromagnetic waves), and the term does not distinguish between cases where data is stored semi-permanently and cases where it is stored temporarily.

[0245] According to one embodiment, the method according to the various embodiments disclosed herein may be provided by being included in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded between a seller and a buyer as a product. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a device-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)), or distributed online (e.g., download or upload) through an application store (e.g., Play Store™) or directly between two user devices (e.g., smartphones). In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily stored or temporarily created on a device-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store's server, or a relay server.

[0246] According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., module or program) of the components described above may include a singular or multiple entities, and some of the multiple entities may be separated and placed in other components. According to various embodiments, one or more of the components or operations of the aforementioned components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Generally or additionally, multiple components (e.g., module or program) may be integrated into a single component. In this case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the multiple components in the same or similar manner as those performed by the corresponding component among the multiple components prior to integration. According to various embodiments, operations performed by the module, program, or other components may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

Claims

1. In a head-worn electronic device, Includes a display panel, The above display panel is: A light-emitting layer including a light-emitting portion; A filter layer comprising a color filter disposed above the light-emitting layer and overlapping the light-emitting portion; A lens layer disposed on the filter layer and comprising a first micro lens that overlaps a first portion of the color filter and a second micro lens that overlaps a second portion of the color filter; and A light-transmitting layer configured to deflect light so that light emitted from the light-emitting portion through the color filter is further transmitted to the first microlens relative to the second microlens, comprising Head-worn electronic device.

2. In Claim 1, The light-transmitting layer includes a light-transmitting portion that overlaps the light-emitting portion, and The light-transmitting portion is configured to deflect the light toward the first microlens and prevent the light from deflecting toward the second microlens. Head-worn electronic device.

3. In Claim 2, The above light-transmitting portion is formed by a diffractive optical element (DOE) based on a pattern structure used to deflect the light toward the first microlens, and Head-worn electronic device.

4. In Claim 2, The light-transmitting portion is formed by a holographic optical element (HOE) based on materials having refractive indices used to deflect the light toward the first microlens. Head-worn electronic device.

5. In Claim 1, The above-mentioned light-emitting part is aligned with the color filter, and The above-mentioned light-emitting portion is misaligned with the first microlens, Head-worn electronic device.

6. In Claim 5, The head-worn electronic device includes a lens positioned in front of the eyes of a user wearing the head-worn electronic device, and The first microlens is offset from the light-emitting portion based on the chief ray of angle (CRA) of the lens defined with respect to the light-emitting portion, Head-worn electronic device.

7. In Claim 1, The above-mentioned light-emitting layer is spaced apart from the light-emitting portion and includes another light-emitting portion next to the light-emitting portion, The filter layer above includes another color filter that overlaps the other light-emitting portion, and The second microlens that overlaps the second portion of the color filter is overlapped with the portion of the other color filter, and The light-transmitting layer is configured to deflect the other light so that the other light emitted from the other light-emitting part through the other color filter is transmitted more to the second microlens relative to the first microlens. Head-worn electronic device.

8. In Claim 7, The above display panel includes a plurality of pixels, and Each of the above plurality of pixels includes a first subpixel and a second subpixel, and The above-mentioned light-emitting portion is included in the first subpixel, and The other light-emitting part mentioned above is included in the second subpixel, Head-worn electronic device.

9. In Claim 1, The above-mentioned light-emitting layer includes another light-emitting portion spaced apart from the above-mentioned light-emitting portion, and The filter layer above includes another color filter that overlaps the other light-emitting part, and The above lens layer includes a third microlens that overlaps the other color filter, and Another light emitted from the other light-emitting part through the other color filter is transmitted to the third microlens by bypassing the light-transmitting layer, Head-worn electronic device.

10. In Claim 9, The other light-emitting portion of the light-emitting layer is located in a first region of the display panel corresponding to the optical axis of the lens of the head-wearing electronic device positioned in front of the eyes of a user wearing the head-wearing electronic device, and The light-emitting portion of the light-emitting layer is located in a second region of the display panel located peripherally to the first region, Head-worn electronic device.

11. In Claim 1, The light-transmitting layer (310, 610) is disposed between the filter layer and the lens layer, Head-worn electronic device.

12. In Claim 11, The display panel further includes another light-transmitting layer disposed between the light-transmitting layer (310, 610) and the lens layer, and The refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer is different from the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (310, 610) and the refractive index of the lens layer, respectively. Head-worn electronic device.

13. In Claim 1, The light-transmitting layer (310, 710) is disposed between the light-emitting layer and the filter layer, Head-worn electronic device.

14. In Claim 13, The display panel further includes another light-transmitting layer disposed between the light-transmitting layer (310, 710) and the light-emitting layer, and The refractive index of the other light-transmitting layer is different from the refractive index of the light-transmitting layer (310, 710) and the refractive index of the lens layer, respectively. Head-worn electronic device.

15. In Claim 1, The above display panel is: A cover glass placed on the above lens layer; An electrode layer disposed on the above-mentioned light-emitting layer; and It includes an insulating layer disposed on the electrode layer and defining the light-emitting portion, and The electrode layer comprises at least one of a cathode or an anode for the light-emitting portion of the light-emitting layer. Head-worn electronic device.

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