Foundation pit protection system and method

Abstract

A foundation pit protection system and method. The system comprises first sliding seats (1), sliding vertical frames (4), a protection panel (8), second sliding seats (2), elastic supports (3), a protection frame (6), and protection chains (5), wherein the sliding vertical frames (4) and the protection panel (8) slide in the direction of length of the first sliding seats (1); the second sliding seats (2), the first sliding seats (1), and the sliding vertical frames (4) form triangles; the second sliding seats (2) are supported by the elastic supports (3); and the inclined second sliding seats (2) form elastic slopes at positions facing the inner side of a foundation pit.

Description

Foundation pit protection system and protection methods Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foundation pit protection technology, specifically to foundation pit protection systems and methods. Background Technology

[0002] An excavation pit is a pit dug at the foundation design location according to the foundation elevation and foundation plane dimensions. It is an underground space excavated for the construction of building foundations and underground structures. Necessary protection measures are required during the construction of excavation pits.

[0003] During the excavation process, foundation pit protection is a dynamic process. The pouring of concrete structures and the excavation and expansion of the foundation pit are carried out simultaneously and in an orderly manner. Traditional foundation pit protection systems are fixed structures. During the construction process, the foundation pit protection structure needs to be repeatedly disassembled and installed, which results in a large amount of engineering and personnel costs and may prolong the construction period. Therefore, this invention provides a foundation pit protection system and protection method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a foundation pit protection system and method, which solves the problems of traditional foundation pit protection systems being fixed structures that require repeated disassembly and installation during construction, resulting in large engineering workload and personnel costs, and potentially extending the construction period.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a foundation pit protection system, comprising two symmetrically arranged support mechanisms, a protective plate located between the two support mechanisms, and a protective frame located on one side of the protective plate; each support mechanism comprises a first sliding seat, a sliding vertical frame, a protective plate, a second sliding seat, an elastic brace, a protective frame, and a protective chain; the first sliding seat is fixedly connected to the ground by an anchor rod; the sliding vertical frame is slidably mounted on the first sliding seat, and the sliding vertical frame has inverted nails for fixing the sliding vertical frame and the first sliding seat; the first end of the second sliding seat is movably connected to the second end of the first sliding seat by a pin; the second sliding seat, the first sliding seat, and the sliding vertical frame form a triangle; the bottom end of the elastic brace is fixedly mounted on the top of the first sliding seat, and the top end of the elastic brace is located diagonally below the second sliding seat; the two ends of the protective chain 5 are respectively connected to the side of the sliding vertical frame 4 and the second end of the second sliding seat 2; the protective frame 6 is fixedly mounted on the side of the two sets of second sliding seats 2; and the protective plate 8 is detachably fixedly mounted between the two sets of sliding vertical frames 4.

[0006] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: The first sliding seat includes a sliding frame body and a fixing ear. The two ends of the sliding frame body are a male head and a female head that can be rotatably connected by a pin. The top of the sliding frame body is provided with a flat part. The bottom two sides of the sliding frame body are provided with widened support parts, and the widened support parts are provided with first threaded holes. The side of the sliding frame body is provided with a transverse through hole. The fixing ear is movably disposed inside the transverse through hole, and both ends of the fixing ear extend out of the transverse through hole.

[0007] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the fixing ear includes a first body and a second body, a first connecting ear is fixedly connected to a first end of the first body, and a first threaded segment is fixedly connected to a second end of the first body; a second connecting ear is fixedly connected to a first end of the second body, and a threaded connecting hole is opened at the second end of the second body, and the first threaded segment is threadedly engaged with the threaded connecting hole.

[0008] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the elastic support includes a support cylinder, the bottom end of the support cylinder is fixedly connected to a second threaded section, the top end of the support cylinder is open, the top of the sliding frame body is provided with a threaded hole, and the second threaded section is threadedly installed in the threaded hole at the top of the sliding frame body.

[0009] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a spring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support rod, the spring is located inside the support cylinder, and the bottom of the support rod is slidably connected to the support cylinder.

[0010] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: The sliding vertical frame includes a third sliding seat and a profile frame. The bottom of the third sliding seat is provided with an arc-shaped opening, and the inner top of the arc-shaped opening is provided with a second threaded hole. The inverted nail is installed in the second threaded hole with an inverted thread. The bottom end of the profile frame is fixedly connected to a connecting seat, and the bottom of the connecting seat is fixedly installed with the top of the third sliding seat. The side of the profile frame is provided with a T-shaped opening. The side of the protective plate is fixedly installed inside the T-shaped opening of the profile frame by a connecting clip.

[0011] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: the protective plate includes a lightweight sandwich panel body, and frame members are fixedly connected to both sides of the lightweight sandwich panel body. A second horizontal opening is provided on the side of the frame member; a first horizontal opening is provided on the inner side of the T-shaped opening.

[0012] The connecting clip includes a flat strip plate, with a clip fixedly connected to the top of the flat strip plate. The frame component is located inside the T-shaped opening, and the flat strip plate is simultaneously located inside the first horizontal opening and the second horizontal opening. The cross-sectional shape of the clip matches the cross-sectional shape of the T-shaped opening.

[0013] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a positioning opening is provided on the top of the third sliding seat, and through holes are provided on both sides of the top of the third sliding seat and located at the positioning opening. A first pin is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting seat and located inside the through holes. A notch is provided on the side of the first pin. A positioning protrusion is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting seat and located inside the positioning opening. A step is provided on the side of the third sliding seat, and the notch of the first pin is exposed at the step on the side of the third sliding seat.

[0014] It also includes: a frame frame, which is opened on the outside of the third sliding seat and is fixedly connected to the third sliding seat by mounting screws, and the side of the frame frame is located inside the notch.

[0015] A preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a ring lug is fixedly installed on the side of the profile skeleton, a lifting lug is threadedly installed on the side of the second sliding seat, and a protective chain is installed between the ring lug and the lifting lug.

[0016] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the protective frame includes a first horizontal frame and a second horizontal frame, the ends of the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame are fixedly installed with a second sliding seat, and a diagonal brace is fixedly connected between the first horizontal frame and the second horizontal frame.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a foundation pit protection method, which uses the above-mentioned foundation pit protection system and specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. Install a pit protection system at the outer edge of the pit, and make the side of the second sliding seat face the inside of the pit;

[0019] S2. When the foundation pit is expanded, the two sets of second sliding seats are removed, and the two sets of second sliding seats are installed at the ends of the two sets of first sliding seats away from the inside of the foundation pit, so that the two sets of second sliding seats are in a straight line with the two sets of first sliding seats. Anchor rods are used to fix the two sets of second sliding seats to the ground. At this time, the two sets of first sliding seats and second sliding seats form two parallel sliding tracks. The positions of the two sets of sliding vertical frames and protective plates are adjusted by sliding along the sliding tracks formed by the first sliding seats and second sliding seats. The two sets of elastic supports are removed, and the two sets of elastic supports are installed on the two sets of second sliding seats. Finally, the two sets of first sliding seats are flipped over, and protective chains are installed between the two sets of first sliding seats and the two sets of sliding vertical frames to form a new foundation pit protection system. In the new protection system, the first sliding seats are adjacent to the inside of the foundation pit.

[0020] This invention provides a foundation pit protection system and method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This invention employs an inverted T-shaped protective railing, allowing the sliding vertical frame and protective plate to slide along the length of the first sliding seat. Furthermore, a second sliding seat is designed, forming a triangle with the first sliding seat and the sliding vertical frame, supported by elastic bracing. This structure, relying on the inclined second sliding seat, creates an elastic slope towards the inside of the pit, effectively preventing damage to the protection system from machinery and falling objects during construction. Moreover, during pit expansion, the protection system can be moved outwards efficiently and quickly, significantly reducing labor costs and saving construction time.

[0022] 2. The first sliding seat and the second sliding seat in this invention can be used alternately. When the foundation pit is expanded, it is only necessary to remove the protective frame and the second sliding seat adjacent to the inner side of the foundation pit, and fix the second sliding seat on the extension line of the first sliding seat away from the inner side of the foundation pit, forming an integral slide with the first sliding seat. The protective plate can then be slid directly to the outside of the foundation pit through this slide, and its position can be moved. When the slide reaches the width of the expanded foundation pit, the original first sliding seat is flipped to the original position of the second sliding seat, and the protective frame is installed on the flipped first sliding seat, which can support and protect the protective plate. The whole process is simple and convenient, and there is no need to move the entire protective plate and sliding vertical frame, which reduces the difficulty of disassembling and moving the protective system.

[0023] 3. By designing the specific structure of the sliding vertical frame, the present invention allows the various parts to be combined and installed, enabling assembly and disassembly to be completed on-site in the foundation pit.

[0024] 4. The present invention achieves fixation between the third sliding seat and the sliding frame body by threading an inverted pin on the inner side of the third sliding seat, with the bottom of the inverted pin abutting against the top of the sliding frame body. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 is a first-view perspective view of the foundation pit protection system proposed in this invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a side view of the foundation pit protection system proposed in this invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a second-view perspective view of the foundation pit protection system proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the sliding vertical frame of the foundation pit protection system proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a magnified view of part A in Figure 4;

[0030] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the sliding seat of the foundation pit protection system proposed in this invention;

[0031] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the fixing lugs of the foundation pit protection system proposed in this invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the elastic support of the foundation pit protection system proposed in this invention;

[0033] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the protective plates of the foundation pit protection system proposed in this invention.

[0034] The components include: 1. First sliding seat; 101. Sliding frame body; 101a. Flat part; 102. Widened support part; 103. First threaded hole; 104. Fixing ear; 104a. First body; 104b. First connecting ear; 104c. First threaded section; 104d. Second body; 104e. Threaded connecting hole; 104f. Second connecting ear; 2. Second sliding seat; 3. Elastic support; 301. Support cylinder; 302. Second threaded section; 303. Support rod; 304. Spring; 4. Sliding vertical frame; 401. Profile skeleton; 402. Connecting seat; 403. Positioning protrusion; 404. 405. First pin; 406. Notch; 407. Third sliding seat; 408. Inverted pin; 409. Arc-shaped opening; 4010. Positioning opening; 4011. Through hole; 4012. Frame; 4013. Mounting screw; 4014. Second threaded hole; 4015. Ring lug; 4016. T-shaped opening; 4017. First horizontal opening; 5. Protective chain; 6. Protective frame; 601. First horizontal frame; 602. Second horizontal frame; 603. Diagonal brace; 7. Connecting clip; 701. Flat strip plate; 702. Clip; 8. Protective plate; 801. Lightweight sandwich panel body; 802. Frame component; 803. Second horizontal opening. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] As shown in Figures 1-9, the embodiments of the present invention provide a foundation pit protection system, including two sets of symmetrically arranged support mechanisms, a protective plate 8 located between the two sets of support mechanisms, and a protective frame 6 located on one side of the protective plate 8; each set of support mechanisms includes a first sliding seat 1, a sliding vertical frame 4, a second sliding seat 2, an elastic support 3, and a protective chain 5. The first sliding seat 1 of each support mechanism is fixedly connected to the ground by an anchor rod. The first sliding seat 1 can be approximately perpendicular to the outer edge of the pit. The sliding vertical frame 4 is slidably installed on the first sliding seat 1. When the pit is expanded, the sliding vertical frame 4 and the protective frame 6 can be slidably adjusted along the length of the first sliding seat 1. The sliding vertical frame 4 has an inverted nail 407 for fixing the sliding vertical frame 4 and the first sliding seat 1. That is, when the position of the sliding vertical frame 4 needs to be adjusted, the inverted nail 407 is adjusted upward, and the sliding vertical frame 4 slides on the first sliding seat 1. After the position of the sliding vertical frame 4 and the protective frame 6 is adjusted, the inverted nail 407 can be adjusted downward to keep the sliding vertical frame 4 and the first sliding seat 1 fixed. The protective plate 8 is detachably and fixedly installed between the two sets of sliding vertical frames 4. The protective plate 8 and the two sets of sliding vertical frames 4 form a protective fence. The sliding vertical frame 4 serves as a fixed frame, and the protective plate 8 serves as a baffle plate. The first end of the second sliding seat 2 The second end of the first sliding seat 1 is movably connected to the second end of the first sliding seat 1 by a pin. The second sliding seat 2, the first sliding seat 1, and the sliding vertical frame 4 form a triangle. The bottom end of the elastic support 3 is fixedly installed on the top of the first sliding seat 1, and the top end of the elastic support 3 is located diagonally below the second sliding seat 2. In this structure, the second sliding seat 2 is in a rotatable tilted state and is elastically supported by the elastic support 3. When encountering falling objects / collisions with engineering machinery, it can effectively buffer the impact and protect the protective plate 8 and the sliding vertical frame 4. The protective frame 6 is fixedly installed on the sides of the two sets of second sliding seats 2. The protective frame 6 is used to increase the protective area. Compared with a single second sliding seat 2, the overall structure formed by the second sliding seat 2 and the protective frame 6 has a better protective effect. The two ends of the protective chain 5 are respectively connected to the side of the sliding vertical frame 4 and the second end of the second sliding seat 2. The protective chain 5 is kept loose and is used to restrict the second sliding seat 2 from rotating in a direction away from the sliding vertical frame 4.

[0038] In this scheme, an inverted T-shaped protective railing is adopted (the first sliding seat 1 and the sliding vertical frame 4 are inverted T-shaped structures). The sliding vertical frame 4 and the protective plate 8 can slide along the length of the first sliding seat 1. A second sliding seat 2 is designed. The second sliding seat 2, the first sliding seat 1, and the sliding vertical frame 4 form a triangle and are supported by elastic bracing 3. This structure, relying on the inclined second sliding seat 2, can form an elastic slope on the inner side facing the pit, which can effectively prevent damage to the protection system from machinery and falling objects during the construction process inside the pit. Furthermore, during the expansion of the pit, the pit protection system can be moved outward efficiently and quickly, greatly reducing labor costs and saving construction time.

[0039] When the foundation pit is expanded, the second sliding seat 2 is removed and installed at the end of the first sliding seat 1 away from the inside of the foundation pit. The second sliding seat 2 is fixed to the ground with anchor rods. The position of the sliding vertical frame 4 and the protective plate 8 is adjusted by sliding along the sliding track formed by the first sliding seat 1 and the second sliding seat 2. The elastic support 3 is removed and installed on the second sliding seat 2. Finally, the first sliding seat 1 is flipped over to form a new foundation pit protection system. The protective chain 5 is installed on the new foundation pit protection system. In the new foundation pit protection system, the positions of the first sliding seat 1 and the second sliding seat 2 are exchanged.

[0040] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3, the first sliding seat 1 includes a sliding frame body 101 and a fixed ear 104. The sliding frame body 101 serves as the main structure. The two ends of the sliding frame body 101 are a male head and a female head that can be rotatably connected by a pin. A flat part 101a is provided on the top of the sliding frame body 101, which cooperates with the inverted pin 407. Widened support parts 102 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the sliding frame body 101. The widened support parts 102 can increase the contact surface between the sliding frame body 101 and the ground, thereby widening the support area. A first threaded hole 103 is provided on the widened support part 102.

[0041] The sliding frame body 101 has a transverse through hole on its side. The fixing ear 104 is movably disposed inside the transverse through hole, and both ends of the fixing ear 104 extend out of the transverse through hole. The two ends of the fixing ear 104 are used to connect anchor rods (not shown in the figure). The anchor rods are deeply inserted into the ground of the foundation pit, and the top of the anchor rods are fixedly connected to the fixing ear 104.

[0042] The second sliding seat 2 has the same structure as the first sliding seat 1, and the only difference between the second sliding seat 2 and the first sliding seat 1 is their position and purpose.

[0043] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG7, the fixing ear 104 includes a first body 104a and a second body 104d. A first connecting ear 104b is fixedly connected to a first end of the first body 104a, and a first threaded segment 104c is fixedly connected to a second end of the first body 104a. A second connecting ear 104f is fixedly connected to a first end of the second body 104d, and a threaded connecting hole 104e is formed at the second end of the second body 104d. The first threaded segment 104c is threadedly engaged with the threaded connecting hole 104e.

[0044] In use, the first body 104a and the second body 104d are inserted from both ends of the transverse through hole. Inside the transverse through hole, the first threaded section 104c is threadedly connected to the threaded connection hole 104e, thus fixing the first body 104a and the second body 104d together.

[0045] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG8, the elastic support 3 includes a support cylinder 301 and a support rod 303. A second threaded section 302 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support cylinder 301, and the top end of the support cylinder 301 is open. A threaded hole is opened on the top of the sliding frame body 101, and the second threaded section 302 is threadedly installed in the threaded hole on the top of the sliding frame body 101. A spring 304 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support rod 303. The spring 304 is located inside the support cylinder 301, and the bottom of the support rod 303 is slidably connected to the support cylinder 301. The support cylinder 301 and the support rod 303 are slidable, and the spring 304 provides elastic support for the support rod 303.

[0046] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the sliding vertical frame 4 includes a third sliding seat 406, a profile frame 401, and an inverted nail 407. The bottom of the third sliding seat 406 is provided with an arc-shaped opening 408. The shape of the arc-shaped opening 408 matches the cross-sectional shape of the sliding frame body 101. Generally, the arc-shaped opening 408 is an arc-shaped opening greater than 180°. The inner top of the arc-shaped opening 408 is provided with a second threaded hole 4013. The inverted nail 407 is installed in the second threaded hole 4013 with an inverted thread. The bottom end of the inverted nail 407 is located inside the arc-shaped opening 408. The height of the inverted nail 407 can be adjusted by rotating the inverted nail 407. The bottom end of the profile frame 401 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 402. The bottom of the connecting seat 402 is fixedly installed with the top of the third sliding seat 406. The side of the profile frame 401 is provided with a T-shaped opening 4015. The side of the protective plate 8 is fixedly installed inside the T-shaped opening 4015 of the profile frame 401 through the connecting clip 7.

[0047] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG9, the protective plate 8 includes a lightweight sandwich panel 801 and a frame member 802. The frame member 802 is fixedly connected to both sides of the lightweight sandwich panel 801, and a second horizontal opening 803 is provided on the side of the frame member 802. A first horizontal opening 4016 is provided on the inner side of the T-shaped opening 4015.

[0048] The connecting clip 7 includes: a flat strip plate 701, a clip 702 fixedly connected to the top of the flat strip plate 701, a frame member 802 located inside the T-shaped opening 4015, and the flat strip plate 701 located inside both the first horizontal opening 4016 and the second horizontal opening 803; the cross-sectional shape of the clip 702 matches the cross-sectional shape of the T-shaped opening 4015.

[0049] When installing the protective plate 8, the frame member 802 is inserted into the T-shaped opening 4015 from the side, and then the flat strip plate 701 is slidably inserted from the top of the T-shaped opening 4015. The flat strip plate 701 is located inside the first horizontal opening 4016 and the second horizontal opening 803 at the same time, thereby restricting the frame member 802 from being pulled out from the T-shaped opening 4015.

[0050] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the top of the third sliding seat 406 is provided with a positioning opening 409, and the top of the third sliding seat 406 and both sides of the positioning opening 409 are provided with through holes 4010. The bottom of the connecting seat 402 and inside the through holes 4010 is fixedly connected with a first pin 404. The side of the first pin 404 is provided with a notch 405. The bottom of the connecting seat 402 and inside the positioning opening 409 is fixedly connected with a positioning protrusion 403. The side of the third sliding seat 406 is provided with a step, and the notch 405 of the first pin 404 is exposed at the step on the side of the third sliding seat 406.

[0051] It also includes: a frame 4011, which is opened on the outside of the third sliding seat 406 and is fixedly connected to the third sliding seat 406 by mounting screws 4012. The side of the frame 4011 is located inside the notch 405.

[0052] After installation, the side of the frame 4011 is located inside the notch 405, which is used to restrict the first pin 404 from being pulled out of the through hole 4010. The positioning port 409 cooperates with the positioning protrusion 403 to ensure a stable connection between the third sliding seat 406 and the connecting seat 402.

[0053] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG9, a ring lug 4014 is fixedly installed on the side of the profile frame 401, and a lifting lug is threadedly installed on the side of the second sliding seat 2. A protective chain 5 is installed between the ring lug 4014 and the lifting lug. The threaded hole for installing the lifting lug on the second sliding seat 2 is the same as the threaded hole for connecting the elastic support 3 to the first sliding seat 1.

[0054] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3, the protective frame 6 includes: a first horizontal frame 601 and a second horizontal frame 602. The ends of the first horizontal frame 601 and the second horizontal frame 602 are fixedly installed with the second sliding seat. A diagonal brace 603 is fixedly connected between the first horizontal frame 601 and the second horizontal frame 602. The first horizontal frame 601, the second horizontal frame 602 and the diagonal brace 603 constitute a stable support surface.

[0055] Example 2: A foundation pit protection method is provided, using the foundation pit protection system in Example 1, specifically including the following steps:

[0056] S1. Install a pit protection system at the outer edge of the pit, and make the side of the second sliding seat 2 facing the inside of the pit.

[0057] Specifically, the process includes installing the first sliding seat 1 using anchor bolts, then installing the elastic support 3 on the first sliding seat 1, installing the sliding vertical frame 4 on the first sliding seat 1, installing the protective plate 8 on the side of the sliding vertical frame 4, then installing the second sliding seat 2 at the end of the first sliding seat 1, and finally installing the protective frame 6 and the protective chain 5.

[0058] S2. When the foundation pit is expanded, remove the two sets of second sliding seats 2 (the protective frame 6 and protective chain 5 need to be removed first). Install the two sets of second sliding seats 2 at the ends of the two sets of first sliding seats 1 away from the inside of the foundation pit, so that they are in a straight line with the two sets of first sliding seats 1. Use anchor rods to fix the two sets of second sliding seats 2 to the ground. At this time, the two sets of first sliding seats 1 and second sliding seats 2 form two parallel sliding tracks. Adjust the position of the two sets of sliding vertical frames 4 and protective plates 8 along the sliding tracks formed by the first sliding seats 1 and second sliding seats 2. Remove the two sets of elastic supports 3 and install the two sets of elastic supports 3 on the two sets of second sliding seats 2. Finally, flip the two sets of first sliding seats 1 and install the protective chain 5 between the two sets of first sliding seats 1 and the two sets of sliding vertical frames 4 to form a new foundation pit protection system. In the new protection system, the first sliding seats 1 are adjacent to the inside of the foundation pit.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A foundation pit protection system, characterized in that: The protective system includes two sets of symmetrically arranged support mechanisms, a protective plate (8) located between the two sets of support mechanisms, and a protective frame (6) located on one side of the protective plate (8); each set of support mechanisms includes a first sliding seat (1), a second sliding seat (2), an elastic support (3), a sliding vertical frame (4), and a protective chain (5). The first sliding seat (1) is fixedly connected to the ground by an anchor rod. The sliding vertical frame (4) is slidably installed on the first sliding seat (1), and the sliding vertical frame (4) has an inverted nail (407) for fixing the sliding vertical frame (4) and the first sliding seat (1). The second sliding seat (2) has an inverted nail (407) for fixing the sliding vertical frame (4) and the first sliding seat (1). One end is movably connected to the second end of the first sliding seat (1) by a pin. The second sliding seat (2), the first sliding seat (1) and the sliding vertical frame (4) form a triangle. The bottom end of the elastic support (3) is fixedly installed on the top of the first sliding seat (1), and the top end of the elastic support (3) is located diagonally below the second sliding seat (2). The two ends of the protective chain (5) are respectively connected to the side of the sliding vertical frame (4) and the second end of the second sliding seat (2). The protective frame (6) is fixedly installed on the side of the two sets of second sliding seats (2), and the protective plate (8) is detachably fixedly installed between the two sets of sliding vertical frames (4).

2. The foundation pit protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first sliding seat (1) includes a sliding frame body (101) and a fixing ear (104). The two ends of the sliding frame body (101) are a male head and a female head that can be rotatably connected by a pin. The top of the sliding frame body (101) is provided with a flat part (101a). The bottom two sides of the sliding frame body (101) are provided with widened support parts (102), and the widened support parts (102) are provided with a first threaded hole (103). The side of the sliding frame body (101) is provided with a transverse through hole. The fixing ear (104) is movably disposed inside the transverse through hole, and both ends of the fixing ear (104) extend out of the transverse through hole.

3. The foundation pit protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing lug (104) includes a first body (104a) and a second body (104d). The first end of the first body (104a) is fixedly connected to a first connecting lug (104b), and the second end of the first body (104a) is fixedly connected to a first threaded segment (104c). The first end of the second body (104d) is fixedly connected to a second connecting lug (104f), and the second end of the second body (104d) is provided with a threaded connecting hole (104e). The first threaded segment (104c) is threadedly engaged with the threaded connecting hole (104e).

4. The foundation pit protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic support (3) includes a support cylinder (301) and a support rod (303). The bottom end of the support cylinder (301) is fixedly connected to a second threaded section (302). The top end of the support cylinder (301) is open. The top of the sliding frame body (101) is provided with a threaded hole. The second threaded section (302) is threadedly installed in the threaded hole at the top of the sliding frame body (101). The bottom end of the support rod (303) is fixedly connected to a spring (304). The spring (304) is located inside the support cylinder (301). The bottom of the support rod (303) is slidably connected to the support cylinder (301).

5. The foundation pit protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding vertical frame (4) includes a third sliding seat (406) and a profile frame (401). The bottom of the third sliding seat (406) is provided with an arc-shaped opening (408). The top of the arc-shaped opening (408) is provided with a second threaded hole (4013). The inverted nail (407) is installed in the second threaded hole (4013) with an inverted thread. The bottom end of the profile frame (401) is fixedly connected to a connecting seat (402). The bottom of the connecting seat (402) is fixedly installed with the top of the third sliding seat (406). The side of the profile frame (401) is provided with a T-shaped opening (4015). The side of the protective plate (8) is fixedly installed inside the T-shaped opening (4015) of the profile frame (401) by a connecting clip (7).

6. The foundation pit protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The protective plate (8) includes a lightweight sandwich panel (801), and frame members (802) are fixedly connected to both sides of the lightweight sandwich panel (801). A second horizontal opening (803) is provided on the side of the frame member (802); a first horizontal opening (4016) is provided on the inner side of the T-shaped opening (4015). The connecting clip (7) includes a flat strip plate (701), and a clip (702) is fixedly connected to the top of the flat strip plate (701). The frame member (802) is located inside the T-shaped opening (4015), and the flat strip plate (701) is located inside the first horizontal opening (4016) and the second horizontal opening (803). The cross-sectional shape of the card block (702) matches the cross-sectional shape of the T-shaped opening (4015).

7. A foundation pit protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The third sliding seat (406) has a positioning opening (409) at its top. The third sliding seat (406) has through holes (4010) on both sides of the positioning opening (409) at its top. The connecting seat (402) has a first pin (404) fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting seat (402) inside the through hole (4010). The first pin (404) has a notch (405) on its side. The connecting seat (402) has a positioning protrusion (403) fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting seat (402) inside the positioning opening (409). The third sliding seat (406) has a step on its side. The notch (405) of the first pin (404) is exposed at the step on the side of the third sliding seat (406). It also includes a frame (4011), which is located on the outside of the third sliding seat (406) and is fixedly connected to the third sliding seat (406) by mounting screws (4012). The side of the frame (4011) is located inside the notch (405).

8. A foundation pit protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The profile frame (401) is fixedly installed with a ring lug (4014) on its side, and the second sliding seat (2) is threadedly installed with a lifting lug on its side. A protective chain (5) is installed between the ring lug (4014) and the lifting lug.

9. A foundation pit protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective frame (6) includes: a first crossbeam (601) and a second crossbeam (602). The ends of the first crossbeam (601) and the second crossbeam (602) are fixedly installed with the second sliding seat. A diagonal brace (603) is fixedly connected between the first crossbeam (601) and the second crossbeam (602).

10. A method for protecting foundation pits, characterized in that, Using the foundation pit protection system according to any one of claims 1-9 for foundation pit protection specifically includes the following steps: S1. Install a pit protection system at the outer edge of the pit and place the side of the second sliding seat (2) facing the inside of the pit. S2. When the foundation pit is expanded, the two sets of second sliding seats (2) are removed and the two sets of second sliding seats are installed at the ends of the two sets of first sliding seats (1) away from the inside of the foundation pit, so that the two sets of second sliding seats are in a straight line with the two sets of first sliding seats (1), and the two sets of second sliding seats (2) are fixed to the ground with anchor rods. At this time, the two sets of first sliding seats (1) and second sliding seats (2) form two parallel sliding tracks. The positions of the two sets of sliding vertical frames (4) and protective plates (8) are adjusted along the sliding tracks formed by the first sliding seats (1) and second sliding seats (2), and the two sets of elastic supports (3) are removed and the two sets of elastic supports (3) are installed on the two sets of second sliding seats (2). Finally, the two sets of first sliding seats (1) are flipped over, and protective chains (5) are installed between the two sets of first sliding seats (1) and the two sets of sliding vertical frames (4) to form a new foundation pit protection system. In the new protection system, the first sliding seat (1) is adjacent to the inside of the foundation pit.

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