Polymer, water repellent oil repellent composition, coating film, and article

Abstract

This polymer which contains a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by formula (1) as a monomer component and does not contain a fluorine atom in the structure thereof can form a coating film that has excellent water repellency and oil repellency. (X is a monovalent organic group having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom; Y is a single bond or a divalent organic group which is represented by any one of the following formulae *-O-**, *-C(=O)-**, *-O-C(=O)-**, *-C(=O)-O-**, *-C(=O)-NH-**, *-NH-C(=O)-**, *-O-C(=O)-NH-**, *-NH-C(=O)-O-**, and *-NH-C(=O)-NH-** (in the formulae, * denotes a bonding position with X and ** denotes a bonding position with Z); Z is a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group which has 1 to 20 carbon atoms and may comprise one or more selected from among O, S, N, and Si; and V is a monovalent hydrocarbon group which may comprise O and / or N, and has one or more polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds and 2 to 20 carbon atoms.)

Description

Polymers, water- and oil-repellent compositions, coatings, and articles 【0001】 The present invention relates to polymers, and more specifically to polymers having hydrocarbon-terminated monomer compounds as monomer components and not containing fluorine atoms in their structure, which can form a film with excellent water-repellent and oil-repellent properties; a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition comprising the polymer and a solvent; a film formed by the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition; and an article having the film on the surface of a substrate. 【0002】 Conventionally, fluorine-based coating agents containing fluorine compounds have been applied to substrates to impart water-repellent and oil-repellent properties. Such fluorine-based coating agents are generally manufactured by polymerizing or copolymerizing monomers having fluoroalkyl groups. 【0003】 On the other hand, fluorine-containing compounds, such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), tend to be highly resilient and bioaccumulative in nature. Therefore, in recent years, a wide range of fluorine-containing compounds have been categorized as per / polyfluoroalkyl compounds (PFAS), and stricter PFAS regulations are expected to restrict the use, sale, and discharge of these compounds. Consequently, there is a growing demand for non-fluorine coating agents that do not contain fluorine atoms. 【0004】 Conventionally, non-fluorinated coating agents include long-chain acrylic resins having linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon groups. For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2015-120894) discloses a coating agent comprising an acrylate monomer having a long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group and a non-fluorinated copolymer having repeating units derived from an acrylate monomer having a cyclic hydrocarbon group. Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2017-165872) discloses a coating agent comprising an acrylate monomer having a long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group and a non-fluorinated copolymer having repeating units derived from a halogenated olefin monomer. 【0005】Also, as a fiber treatment composition containing no fluorine-based compound, Patent Document 3 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-510234) discloses a composition containing at least one isocyanate-reactive oligomer and at least one polyisocyanate as essential components. 【0006】 However, none of them have demonstrated a sufficient effect particularly with respect to oil repellency. 【0007】 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2015-120894, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-165872, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-510234 【0008】 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a polymer that can form a film exhibiting excellent water and oil repellency despite not containing a fluorine atom, a water and oil repellent composition containing the polymer and a solvent, a film formed by the water and oil repellent composition, and an article having the film on the surface of a substrate. 【0009】 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above object, the present inventors have found that a polymer having a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by the following general formula (1) as a monomer component and not containing a fluorine atom in its structure can form a film having excellent water repellency and oil repellency, and thus have completed the present invention. [In the formula, X is a monovalent organic group having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, and Y is a single bond or the following formula * -O- ** * -C(=O)- ** * -O-C(=O)- ** * -C(=O)-O- ** * -C(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)- ** * -O-C(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)-O- ** * -NH-C(=O)-NH- **(In the formula, * is bonded to X in general formula (1), and ** is bonded to Z in general formula (1).) A divalent organic group represented by either of the above, where Z is a single bond, or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may contain one or more atoms selected from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and silicon atoms, and V is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms that contains at least one polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond that may contain oxygen and / or nitrogen atoms. 【0010】 Accordingly, the present invention provides the following polymer, a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition comprising the polymer and a solvent, a coating formed by the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition, and an article having the coating on a substrate surface. [1] The following general formula (1) [In the formula, X is a monovalent organic group having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, and Y is a single bond, or the following formula * -O- ** * -C (=O)- ** * -O-C(=O)- ** * -C(=O)-O- ** * -C(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)- ** * -OC(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)-O- ** * -NH-C(=O)-NH- ** A divalent organic group represented by either of the following formulas, where Z is a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may contain one or more atoms selected from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and silicon atoms, and V is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms that contains at least one polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond that may contain oxygen and / or nitrogen atoms. [2] A polymer having a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by the following formula as the monomer component and not containing a fluorine atom in its structure. (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 Each is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which can be linear, branched, or cyclic. 0 The polymer according to [1], wherein X is a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms in a linear, branched, or cyclic structure, m is an integer from 0 to 10, and * is a bond that bonds with Y in general formula (1). [3] In the above formula (1), X is the following formula (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 Each of the following is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which is linear, branched, or cyclic, m is an integer from 0 to 10, and * is a bond that connects to Y in general formula (1). ) A branched group represented by any of the following, R 1 and R 2 , R 3 and R 4 The polymer according to [1] or [2], wherein the elements are the same. [4] The polymer according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein in formula (1) above, Z is a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom. [5] The polymer according to any one of [1] to [4] above, wherein in formula (1) above, V is a group represented by the following formula. (In the formula, * is a bond that bonds with Z in general formula (1), and R' is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.) [6] The polymer according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) is a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing acrylic compound (α') represented by the following general formula (2). [In the formula, R 5 It is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which is linear, branched, or cyclic, and has two R 5The same, m is an integer from 0 to 10, Z' is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom, and R' is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. [7] The polymer according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) is a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing acrylic compound (α'') represented by the following general formula (3). [In the formula, R 6 It is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which is linear, branched, or cyclic, and has two R 6 The same, where Z' is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom, and R' is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. [8] The polymer according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the melting point of the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) is 20°C or higher. [9] The polymer according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein, when the total repeating units in the polymer are 100 mol%, the repeating units formed from the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) are 1 to 100 mol%.

[10] The polymer according to any one of [1] to [9], further comprising a monomer compound (β) having a hydrophilic group as a monomer component.

[11] The polymer according to

[10] , wherein the hydrophilic group is a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a hydrolyzable silyl group, an oxyalkylene group, an anionic group, a cationic group, or an amphoteric group.

[12] Furthermore, a polymer according to any one of [1] to

[11] , wherein the monomer component is an acrylic compound (γ) represented by the following general formula (4). 7 -Y 1 -C(=O)-C(-X 1 )=CH2 (4) (wherein, R 7 This is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, but does not include a monovalent hydrocarbon group having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 or more carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, Y 1 is -O- or -NH-, X 1(wherein is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom.)

[13] A water-repellent and oil-repellent composition comprising a polymer and a solvent as described in any of [1] to

[12] .

[14] The water-repellent and oil-repellent composition according to

[13] , which does not contain a fluorine atom.

[15] A film formed by the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition according to

[13] or

[14] .

[16] An article having the film according to

[15] on its surface. 【0011】 The polymer of the present invention can form a film exhibiting excellent water-repellent and oil-repellent properties despite not containing fluorine atoms. Therefore, this polymer is useful as a water-repellent and oil-repellent agent composition for imparting water-repellent and oil-repellent properties to a substrate surface, without being subject to restrictions such as those imposed by PFAS regulations. 【0012】 In the present invention, "acrylic compound" is a general term for compounds having an acryloyl (hereinafter also called acrylic) group or an α-substituted acryloyl (hereinafter also called α-substituted acrylic) group. In the present invention, "(meth)acrylate" refers to either or both acrylate and methacrylate, "(meth)acrylic group" refers to either or both an acrylic group and a methacryloyl (hereinafter also called methacrylic) group, and "(meth)acrylate halide" refers to either or both acrylic acid halide and methacrylate halide. 【0013】 [Polymer] The polymer of the present invention is characterized in that it has a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by the following general formula (1) as its monomer component (having repeating units formed from the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by the following general formula (1)), and does not contain a fluorine atom in its structure. [In the formula, X is a monovalent organic group having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, and Y is a single bond, or the following formula * -O- ** * -C (=O)- ** * -O-C(=O)- ** * -C(=O)-O- ** * -C(=O)-NH-** * -NH-C(=O)- ** * -OC(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)-O- ** * -NH-C(=O)-NH- ** (In the formula, * is bonded to X in general formula (1), and ** is bonded to Z in general formula (1).) A divalent organic group represented by either of the above, where Z is a single bond, or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may contain one or more atoms selected from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and silicon atoms, and V is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms that contains at least one polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond that may contain oxygen and / or nitrogen atoms. 【0014】 The polymer of the present invention does not contain fluorine atoms in its structure. As a result, it exhibits lower persistence and bioaccumulation in nature compared to conventional fluorine-based compounds. 【0015】 The polymer of the present invention must have a monomer compound (α) containing hydrocarbon terminal groups having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom as its monomer component. Two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms bonded to the same atom have high packing properties. As a result, the film formed from the polymer forms a hard layer by exposing the -CH3 group, which has a low surface energy, on the surface due to the packing of hydrocarbon chains. As a result, the resulting film exhibits excellent water and oil repellency. Furthermore, in this polymer, the above-mentioned monovalent hydrocarbon groups segregate on the surface of the film, so even when a copolymer is used instead of a homopolymer, the resulting film exhibits excellent water and oil repellency. In this invention, "packing properties" refer to the ease with which multiple hydrocarbon chains can be oriented in one direction and densely on the surface of the film. 【0016】When a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom is used as a water- and oil-repellent composition in the form of a monomer without polymerization and applied onto a substrate, the monomer component represented by the general formula (1) has low film-forming properties, so that the coating film does not become a continuous film and coating unevenness occurs. By using the polymer obtained by polymerizing the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) as a water- and oil-repellent composition, the film-forming properties can be enhanced and a continuous film can be obtained. 【0017】 [Hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α)] The hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) is represented by the following general formula (1). [In the formula, X is a monovalent organic group having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, Y is a single bond, or the following formula * -O- ** * -C(=O)- ** * -O-C(=O)- ** * -C(=O)-O- ** * -C(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)- ** * -O-C(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)-O- ** * -NH-C(=O)-NH- ** (In the formula, * is bonded to X in the general formula (1), and ** is bonded to Z in the general formula (1).) It is a divalent organic group represented by any of them, Z is a single bond, or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain one or more selected from an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom and a silicon atom, and V is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms containing at least one polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom. ] 【0018】In the above formula (1), X is a monovalent organic group having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, and it is preferably a monovalent organic group having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom. If the number of carbon atoms is less than the above upper limit value, the compatibility becomes good when the water- and oil-repellent agent composition containing the polymer and the solvent is formed. If the number of carbon atoms is greater than the above lower limit value, the packing property of the hydrocarbon chain increases, and the water- and oil-repellent property can be sufficiently exhibited. 【0019】 As the monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, it is more preferably a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, still more preferably a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 12 to 30 carbon atoms, particularly preferably a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 13 to 30 carbon atoms, and especially preferably a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 17 to 30 carbon atoms. When the number of carbon atoms is within the above range, the compatibility when the water- and oil-repellent agent composition containing the polymer and the solvent is formed and the water- and oil-repellent property of the obtained film can be achieved at a high level. 【0020】 The monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms may be linear, branched, or cyclic, but is particularly preferred when it is linear because the packing property of the hydrocarbon chain is further enhanced. Examples of the linear monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms include n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group, n-octadecyl group, n-docosyl group, n-triacontyl group, and the like. 【0021】 In the above formula (1), it is more preferable that two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms bonded to the same atom are the same. When two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms bonded to the same atom are the same, the symmetry of the structure is enhanced, so the packing property of the hydrocarbon chain is further enhanced, and the water- and oil-repellent property can be further exhibited. 【0022】 As X, the following formula (wherein, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R [[ID=2I]] 4Each is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which can be linear, branched, or cyclic. 0 It is particularly preferable that X is a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms in a linear, branched, or cyclic structure, m is an integer from 0 to 10, and * is a bond that combines with Y in general formula (1). When X is a group having a branched structure as described above, it is possible to achieve a high level of compatibility when forming a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition containing the polymer and the solvent, as well as a high level of water-repellent and oil-repellent properties of the resulting film. 【0023】 R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 Each of these is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which can be linear, branched, or cyclic. 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 More preferably, the carbon atoms are monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, even more preferably monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 12 to 30 carbon atoms, particularly preferably monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 13 to 30 carbon atoms, and especially preferably monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 17 to 30 carbon atoms. When the number of carbon atoms is within the above range, a high level of compatibility can be achieved when a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition containing the polymer and solvent is formed, as well as the water-repellent and oil-repellent properties of the resulting film. 0 R is a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms in a linear, branched, or cyclic configuration. 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 Similar examples can be given. R 0 As such, a hydrogen atom is particularly preferred. 0 When the atom is a hydrogen atom, the compatibility of the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition containing the polymer and solvent is further improved. 【0024】 Also, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 0(In the case of monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which are linear, branched, or cyclic) the groups may be linear, branched, or cyclic, but linear groups are particularly preferred because they further enhance the packing properties of the hydrocarbon chain. Examples of monovalent linear hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms include n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group, n-octadecyl group, n-docosyl group, and n-triacontyl group. 【0025】 Also, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 0 For example, R 1 and R 2 , or R 1 and R 2 and R 0 These are the same thing, R 3 and R 4 It is especially preferable that they are the same. 1 and R 2 or R 1 and R 2 and R 0 , R 3 and R 4 If these elements are identical, the increased structural symmetry further enhances the packing properties of the hydrocarbon chains, allowing for even greater water and oil repellency. 【0026】 m is an integer from 0 to 10. It is preferable that m = 0 because the absence of alkylene groups reduces molecular mobility and improves packing properties, thereby improving water and oil repellency. It is also preferable that m = an integer from 0 to 2 in order to achieve both improved packing properties and compatibility when used in a water and oil repellent composition containing the polymer and solvent. Furthermore, it is preferable that m = an integer from 2 to 10, and particularly preferable that m = an integer from 5 to 10, in order to improve compatibility when used in a water and oil repellent composition containing the polymer and solvent. 【0027】 Specifically, the following can be given as examples of X. (In the formula, * represents a bond that combines with Y in general formula (1).) 【0028】 In the above formula (1), Y is a single bond, or the following formula * -O- ** * -C (=O)- ** * -O-C(=O)- ** * -C(=O)-O- ** * -C(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)- ** * -OC(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)-O- ** * -NH-C(=O)-NH- ** It is a divalent organic group represented by either of the following formulas: (wherein * bonds with X in general formula (1), and ** bonds with Z in general formula (1).) 【0029】 Y is preferably not a single bond, and the following formula * -C(=O)-NH- ** * -OC(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)-NH- ** It is particularly preferable that (wherein * is bonded to X in general formula (1), and ** is bonded to Z in general formula (1).) When Y has the structure described above, compatibility is particularly good when a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition containing the polymer and solvent is formed. 【0030】In formula (1) above, Z is a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may contain one or more atoms selected from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and silicon atoms, preferably a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may contain oxygen and / or nitrogen atoms. Specifically, examples of divalent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may contain oxygen and / or nitrogen atoms include linear, branched, or cyclic divalent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and divalent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms that contain one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of ether groups, carbonyl (ketone) groups, ester groups, carbonate groups, -CH(OH)- groups, amino groups, amide groups, carbamate groups, and urea groups. If Y is not a single bond, Z is preferably something other than a single bond. 【0031】 In addition to single bonds, the following types of bonds are preferably used as Z. (In the formula, * is a combination that combines with Y in general formula (1), ** is a combination that combines with V in general formula (1), q is an integer from 1 to 10, r, s, and t are each integers from 1 to 8, the sum of r and s is an integer from 2 to 10, and the sum of r, s, and t is an integer from 3 to 10.) 【0032】 In formula (1) above, V is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 2 to 15 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms, containing at least one polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom. Specifically, groups containing polymerizable carbon-carbon double bonds include acrylic groups, α-substituted acrylic groups, acrylicoxy groups, α-substituted acrylicoxy groups, acrylamide groups, α-substituted acrylamide groups, vinyl ether groups, cinnamic acid groups, and sorbic acid groups. Acrylooxy groups and α-substituted acrylicoxy groups are particularly preferred. 【0033】 For V, an acrylicoxy group represented by the following formula or an α-substituted acrylicoxy group is preferred. (In the formula, * represents a bond that combines with Z in general formula (1), and R' represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.) 【0034】 Here, R' is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Examples of monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, and octyl groups; alkenyl groups such as vinyl, allyl, and propenyl groups; aryl groups such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, and naphthyl groups; and aralkyl groups such as benzyl, phenylethyl, and phenylpropyl groups. R' is more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group. 【0035】 Specifically, the following are preferred as such V. (In the formula, * represents a bond that combines with Z in general formula (1).) 【0036】 When the hydrocarbon-terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) is represented by the above formula (1), several polymers can be obtained by changing the combination of X, Y, Z, and V in the formula. 【0037】 The hydrocarbon-terminated monomer compound (α) is more preferably a hydrocarbon-terminated acrylic compound (α') represented by the following general formula (2). [In the formula, R 5 It is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which is linear, branched, or cyclic, and has two R 5 The same, m is an integer from 0 to 10, Z' is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom, and R' is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. 【0038】 In the above equation (2), R 5 is a linear, branched, or cyclic monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, and has two R 5 These two have the same shape and number of carbon atoms. 【0039】 R 5It is more preferable that the carbon group is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, and particularly preferable that it is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 12 to 30 carbon atoms. When the number of carbon atoms is within the above range, it is possible to achieve a high level of compatibility when a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition containing the polymer and solvent is formed, as well as a high level of water-repellent and oil-repellent properties of the resulting film. 【0040】 Also, R 5 The hydrocarbon group may be linear, branched, or cyclic, but a linear configuration is particularly preferred because it further enhances the packing properties of the hydrocarbon chain. Examples of monovalent linear hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms include n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group, n-octadecyl group, n-docosyl group, and n-triacontyl group. 【0041】 In the above formula (2), m is an integer from 0 to 10, and more preferably an integer from 0 to 2. 【0042】 In formula (2) above, Z' is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom. Specifically, Z' can be a linear, branched, or cyclic divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms that includes one or more selected from the group consisting of an ether group, a carbonyl (ketone) group, an ester group, a carbonate group, a -CH(OH)- group, an amino group, an amide group, a carbamate group, or a urea group. 【0043】 The following are preferred as Z'. (In the formula, * is a combination that combines with N in general formula (2), ** is a combination that combines with O in general formula (2), q is an integer from 1 to 10, r, s, and t are each integers from 1 to 8, the sum of r and s is an integer from 2 to 10, and the sum of r, s, and t is an integer from 3 to 10.) 【0044】In formula (2) above, R' is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and examples similar to those described above for R' can be given. Among these, a hydrogen atom or a methyl group is preferred. 【0045】 It is also more preferable that the hydrocarbon-terminated monomer compound (α) is a hydrocarbon-terminated acrylic compound (α'') represented by the following general formula (3). [In the formula, R 6 It is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which is linear, branched, or cyclic, and has two R 6 The two are the same, where Z' is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom, and R' is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. 【0046】 In the above formula (3), R 6 is a linear, branched, or cyclic monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, and has two R 6 These two have the same shape and number of carbon atoms. 【0047】 R 6 It is more preferable that the carbon group is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, and particularly preferable that it is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 12 to 30 carbon atoms. When the number of carbon atoms is within the above range, it is possible to achieve a high level of compatibility when a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition containing the polymer and solvent is formed, as well as a high level of water-repellent and oil-repellent properties of the resulting film. 【0048】 Also, R 6 The hydrocarbon group may be linear, branched, or cyclic, but a linear configuration is particularly preferred because it further enhances the packing properties of the hydrocarbon chain. Examples of monovalent linear hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms include n-decyl group, n-undecyl group, n-dodecyl group, n-tetradecyl group, n-pentadecyl group, n-hexadecyl group, n-heptadecyl group, n-octadecyl group, n-docosyl group, and n-triacontyl group. 【0049】 In equation (3) above, Z' and R' are the same as Z' and R' in equation (2) above, and examples similar to those exemplified above can be given. 【0050】As the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by formula (1) above, particularly preferred examples of the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing acrylic compound (α') represented by formula (2) above or the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing acrylic compound (α'') represented by formula (3) above include those represented by the following formulas. 【0051】 Examples of hydrocarbon-terminal group-containing monomer compounds (α) represented by formula (1) above, other than hydrocarbon-terminal group-containing acrylic compounds (α') represented by formula (2) above or hydrocarbon-terminal group-containing acrylic compounds (α'') represented by formula (3) above, include those represented by the following formulas. 【0052】 The hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by the above general formula (1) preferably has a melting point of 20°C or higher, and particularly preferably 20 to 100°C. When the melting point is 20°C or higher, the polymer with the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) as a monomer component forms an even harder film, resulting in even better water-repellent and oil-repellent properties. 【0053】 In this invention, the melting point was determined by measuring the value using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) under atmospheric pressure. The measurement method conforms to JIS K 7121. The measurement conditions are as follows: Starting temperature: -150°C, ending temperature: 200°C, heating / cooling rate: 10°C / min, ambient gas: nitrogen (flow rate: 50 mL / min). 【0054】[Method for preparing hydrocarbon-terminated monomer compound (α)] When the hydrocarbon-terminated monomer compound (α) represented by the above general formula (1) of the present invention is a hydrocarbon-terminated acrylic compound (α') represented by the above general formula (2), a hydrocarbon-terminated acrylic compound (α'') represented by the above general formula (3), or another compound, the following methods can be used to prepare the compound. 【0055】 By mixing an alcohol compound or amine compound having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom with an isocyanate compound containing a (meth)acrylic group and carrying out an addition reaction, a hydrocarbon-terminal group-containing acrylic compound (α') or a hydrocarbon-terminal group-containing acrylic compound (α'') can be produced. 【0056】 Here, suitable examples of alcohol compounds having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom include those listed below. 【0057】 Alcohol compounds having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom can be produced by hydride reduction of ketone compounds having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom. 【0058】 Examples of ketone compounds having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups with 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom include those listed below. 【0059】In hydride reduction, sodium borohydride and lithium aluminum hydride are preferred as reducing agents. It is preferable to charge equimolar or more of these reducing agents to a ketone compound having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups with 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom and react to allow all of the ketone to react. Specifically, it is desirable to use 1 mol to 5 mol of reducing agent per 1 mol of ketone compound having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups with 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, and particularly preferably 1 mol to 3 mol. 【0060】 These reactions may be carried out after dilution with a suitable solvent as needed. Such solvents are not particularly limited as long as they do not react with the reducing agent and are ketone compounds having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom. Specifically, examples include hydrocarbon solvents (petroleum benzine, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, heptane, octane (n-octane, isooctane, etc.), nonane (n-nonane, isononane, etc.)), ketone solvents (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, etc.), ether solvents (tetrahydrofuran (THF), dipropyl ether, dibutyl ether, methylcyclopentyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, etc.), and alcohol solvents (propylene glycol monomethyl ether, butanol, isopropanol, methanol, etc.). The amount of solvent used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 20 times or less the total mass of the reactants, and particularly preferably 15 times or less. If too much solvent is used, the reaction rate may decrease significantly. As a lower limit for when solvent is used, it is preferable to use 0.5 times or more the total mass of the reactants. 【0061】The above reaction can be carried out at a temperature of -100 to 100°C, preferably -50 to 80°C, for 5 minutes to 70 hours, preferably 30 minutes to 48 hours. 【0062】 After the reaction is complete, unreacted reducing agents and reaction solvents can be removed by distillation, adsorption, filtration, washing, etc., to obtain an alcohol compound having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom. 【0063】 Furthermore, the following are examples of suitable amine compounds having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom. 【0064】 Here, the following are examples of isocyanate compounds containing a (meth)acrylic group that are suitable: O=C=N-CH2CH2-O-C(=O)-CH=CH2 O=C=N-CH2CH2-O-C(=O)-C(CH3)=CH2 O=C=N-CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2-O-C(=O)-C(CH3)=CH2 O=C=N-CCH ３ -(CH2-OC(=O)-CH=CH2)2 【0065】 It is preferable to charge these isocyanate compounds containing (meth)acrylic groups in an equimolar or greater amount relative to the total amount of active hydrogen in the alcohol compound or amine compound having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups of 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, and to react so that all of the active hydrogen is reacted. Specifically, it is desirable to use 1 mol to 2 mol of the isocyanate compound containing (meth)acrylic groups per 1 mol of the alcohol compound or amine compound having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups of 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, and particularly preferably 1 mol to 1.4 mol. If there is too much isocyanate compound containing (meth)acrylic groups, it becomes difficult to remove the remaining isocyanate compound containing (meth)acrylic groups after the reaction. 【0066】These reactions may be carried out after dilution with a suitable solvent as needed. Such solvents are not particularly limited as long as they do not react with the isocyanate group of an isocyanate compound containing a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, such as a hydroxyl group, an amino group, or a (meth)acrylic group. Specifically, these include hydrocarbon solvents (petroleum benzine, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, heptane, octane (n-octane, isooctane, etc.), nonane (n-nonane, isononane, etc.)), ketone solvents (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclo Examples of solvents include pentanone, cyclohexanone, etc., ether-based solvents (tetrahydrofuran (THF), dipropyl ether, dibutyl ether, methylcyclopentyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, etc.), alcohol-based solvents (propylene glycol monomethyl ether, butanol, isopropanol, etc.), and ester-based solvents (ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, pentyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, etc.). These solvents may be removed after the reaction by known methods such as reduced-pressure distillation, or they may be used as a diluted solution as is, depending on the intended use. The amount of solvent used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 20 times or less the total mass of the reactants, and particularly preferably 15 times or less. If too much solvent is used, the reaction rate may decrease significantly. The lower limit for the amount of solvent used is preferably 1 time or more the total mass of the reactants. 【0067】Furthermore, polymerization inhibitors may be added during the reaction as needed. There are no particular restrictions on the polymerization inhibitor, but those commonly used as polymerization inhibitors for acrylic compounds can be used. Specifically, examples include hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, 4-tert-butylcatechol, and dibutylhydroxytoluene. The amount of polymerization inhibitor used should be determined based on the reaction conditions, the purification conditions after the reaction, and the final usage conditions, and is not particularly limited, but it should be 0.0001 to 5% by mass, particularly 0.001 to 1% by mass, relative to the total mass of the reaction components. 【0068】 Furthermore, an appropriate catalyst may be added to the reaction as needed. Examples of catalysts include alkyl tin ester compounds such as dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dioctoate, dioctyltin diacetate, dioctyltin dilaurate, dioctyltin dioctate, and stannous dioctanoate; titanate esters or titanium chelate compounds such as tetraisopropoxytitanium, tetra-n-butoxytitanium, tetrakis(2-ethylhexoxy)titanium [also known as tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl) orthotitanium], dipropoxybis(acetylacetona)titanium, and titanium isopropoxyoctylene glycol; zirconium tetraacetylacetonate, zirconium triputoxymonoacetylacetonate, zirconium monobutoxyacetylacetonate bis(ethylacetoacetate), zirconium dibutoxybis(ethylacetoacetate), zirconium tetraacetylacetonate, and zirconium chelate compounds. These catalysts are not limited to one type, but can be used as a mixture of two or more types. The reaction rate can be increased by adding these catalysts in an amount of 0.01 to 2% by mass, more preferably 0.05 to 1% by mass, relative to the total mass of the reactants. 【0069】 The above reaction is carried out at a temperature of 0 to 120°C, preferably 10 to 70°C, for 1 minute to 500 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 48 hours. If the reaction temperature is too low, the reaction rate may be too slow, and if the reaction temperature is too high, polymerization of (meth)acrylic groups may occur as a side reaction. 【0070】 After the reaction is complete, unreacted isocyanate compounds and reaction solvents can be removed by distillation, adsorption, filtration, washing, etc., to obtain hydrocarbon-terminated acrylic compounds (α') or hydrocarbon-terminated acrylic compounds (α''). In this case, it is preferable to remove compounds containing isocyanate groups, as if they contain isocyanate groups, a reaction may occur if unreacted raw materials remain, potentially affecting the storage condition. It is also preferable that they are not included in the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition described later. In particular, it is even more preferable that the polyisocyanate compounds produced during the reaction process are not included. However, "not included" means that the amount included is permissible up to an amount that is difficult to intentionally remove from 100% by mass of the total water-repellent and oil-repellent composition, specifically an amount of less than 1% by mass. 【0071】 Furthermore, when stopping the reaction, alcohol compounds such as methanol or ethanol may be added to the system to form urethane bonds with the unreacted isocyanate compound. The resulting urethane (meth)acrylates can be removed in the same way as the unreacted isocyanate compound, but they can also be used while remaining in the mixture. 【0072】 [Method for preparing hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) (2)] When the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by the general formula (1) of the present invention is a compound other than those described above, the following methods can be used to prepare it. 【0073】 For example, an ester can be formed and a copolymer obtained by reacting an alcohol compound or amine compound having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom with a (meth)acrylate halide. 【0074】 Here, examples of alcohol compounds or amine compounds having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom include those similar to those described above. 【0075】 As the (meth)acrylate halide, acrylate chloride and methacrylate chloride are particularly preferred. 【0076】 These (meth)acrylic acid halides are preferably charged in equimolar or greater amounts to an alcohol compound or amine compound having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, and reacted to completely remove the alcohol or amine. Specifically, it is desirable to use 1 mol to 2 mol of (meth)acrylic acid halide per 1 mol of the alcohol compound or amine compound having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, and particularly preferably 1 mol to 1.8 mol. 【0077】 An acid acceptor is added to the ester formation reaction. Examples of suitable acid acceptors include triethylamine, pyridine, and urea. The amount of acid acceptor used should ideally be 0.9 to 3 times the number of moles of (meth)acrylate halide added. Too little acid acceptor will result in a large amount of untrapped acid remaining, while too much will make it difficult to remove the excess acid acceptor. 【0078】 These reactions may be carried out after dilution with a suitable solvent as needed. Such solvents are not particularly limited, as long as they do not react with the hydroxyl or amino groups of alcohol compounds or amine compounds having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups with 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, or with the halogen atoms of (meth)acrylate halides. Specifically, examples include hydrocarbon solvents such as toluene, xylene, and isooctane; ether solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), diisopropyl ether, and dibutyl ether; and ketone solvents such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl butyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, and cyclohexanone. This solvent may be removed after the reaction by known methods such as vacuum distillation, or it may be used as a diluted solution as is, depending on the intended application. The amount of solvent used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 20 times or less the total mass of the reactants, and particularly preferably 15 times or less. Using too much solvent may significantly reduce the reaction rate. A preferred lower limit for the amount of solvent used is 0.5 times or more the total mass of the reactants. 【0079】 Furthermore, polymerization inhibitors may be added during the reaction as needed. There are no particular restrictions on the polymerization inhibitor, but those commonly used as polymerization inhibitors for acrylic compounds can be used. Specifically, examples include hydroquinone, hydroquinone monomethyl ether, 4-tert-butylcatechol, and dibutylhydroxytoluene. The amount of polymerization inhibitor used should be determined based on the reaction conditions, the purification conditions after the reaction, and the final usage conditions, and is not particularly limited, but it should be 0.0001 to 5% by mass, and especially 0.001 to 1% by mass, relative to the total mass of the reaction components. 【0080】 The ester formation reaction involves mixing and stirring an alcohol compound or amine compound having a branched structure in which two or three monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, an acid acceptor, and optionally a solvent and polymerization inhibitor at 0 to 100°C for 1 minute to 48 hours, followed by mixing in (meth)acrylate halide. 【0081】 After mixing with (meth)acrylic acid halide, the temperature of the reaction mixture is maintained at 0 to 100°C, and stirring is continued for 30 minutes to 10 hours. After the reaction is complete, unreacted (meth)acrylic acid halide, salts and reaction solvents generated by the reaction are removed by distillation, adsorption, filtration, washing, etc., to obtain hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compounds other than hydrocarbon-end group-containing acrylic compounds (α') or hydrocarbon-end group-containing acrylic compounds (α''). 【0082】 Alternatively, when stopping the reaction, an alcohol compound such as methanol or ethanol may be added to the system to esterify the unreacted (meth)acrylic acid halide. The resulting (meth)acrylic acid esters can be removed by the same method as for removing the unreacted (meth)acrylic acid halide, but they can also be used as is. 【0083】The hydrocarbon-terminal group-containing monomer compounds represented by general formula (1) obtained by reactions such as those described above can be used as single substances after purification and isolation operations such as concentration, column purification, distillation, and extraction. Alternatively, the reaction solution can be used as a mixture containing the hydrocarbon-terminal group-containing monomer compound represented by general formula (1), or it can be used after further dilution with an organic solvent or the like. 【0084】 [Method for producing polymers] The polymer of the present invention has a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by the above general formula (1) as its monomer component (having repeating units formed from the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by the above general formula (1)), and the polymer can be produced by a radical polymerization reaction of the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by the above general formula (1). 【0085】In radical polymerization reactions, solvents can be used to produce polymers. The solvent used in the production of polymers can be any solvent that can dissolve the monomer components and does not react with them, without any particular restrictions. Specifically, examples include hydrocarbon solvents (petroleum benzine, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, heptane, octane (n-octane, isooctane, etc.), nonane (n-nonane, isononane, etc.)), ketone solvents (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, etc.), ether solvents (tetrahydrofuran (THF), dipropyl ether, dibutyl ether, methylcyclopentyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, etc.), alcohol solvents (propylene glycol monomethyl ether, butanol, isopropanol, etc.), and ester solvents (ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, pentyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, etc.). This solvent may be removed after the reaction by known methods such as vacuum distillation, or it may be used as a diluted solution as is, depending on the intended use. The amount of solvent used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 100 times or less of the total amount of monomers, and particularly preferably 50 times or less. If too much solvent is used, the polymerization reaction may not be completed. There is no lower limit for the amount of solvent used, and bulk polymerization without solvent is also possible. 【0086】In the radical polymerization reaction described above, polymerization initiators can be used to produce polymers. Examples of radical polymerization initiators that can be used in the production of polymers include cumene hydroperoxide, succinate peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, diisobutyryl peroxide, diisobutyl peroxydicarbonate, dicumyl peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)-hexyne-3, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(tert-butylperoxy)hexane, 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-dihydroperoxide, tert-butyl-α-cumyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxyacetate, and tert-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexyl peroxide. Examples include azo compounds such as noate, tert-butylperoxyisobutyrate, tert-butylperoxyisopropyl carbonate, tert-butylhydroperoxide, α,α'-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-p-diisopropylbenzene, 2,2'-azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl, dimethyl=2,2'-azobisisobutyrate, 2,2'-azobis(2-methylamidooxime) dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile), 2,2'-azobis(isobutylamidine) dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] and its disulfate, 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, organic peroxides, potassium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and ammonium persulfate. These radical polymerization initiators may be used individually or in combination of two or more types. The amount of radical polymerization initiator used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.0005 to 20 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.001 to 10 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomer. 【0087】In the radical polymerization reaction described above, a chain transfer agent may be used to produce the polymer. The molecular weight of the polymer can be changed depending on the amount of chain transfer agent used. Examples of chain transfer agents include mercaptan group-containing compounds such as dodecyl mercaptan, thioglycol, and thioglycerol (especially alkyl mercaptans (e.g., having 1 to 40 carbon atoms)), and inorganic salts such as sodium hypophosphite and sodium bisulfite. The amount of chain transfer agent used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.0005 to 20 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 0.001 to 10 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of monomer. 【0088】 In the polymerization method using the above-mentioned solvent and radical polymerization initiator, the polymerization conditions for the polymer are preferably 30 to 120°C, particularly 40 to 100°C, under an inert gas atmosphere for 1 to 48 hours, and especially 3 to 36 hours. 【0089】 After the polymer reaction is complete, unreacted monomers, polymerization initiators, residues derived from the polymerization initiators generated by the reaction, and reaction solvents may be removed by distillation, adsorption, filtration, reprecipitation, centrifugation, washing, etc. Alternatively, the polymerization reaction solution may be used as is as a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0090】 In this way, a polymer can be produced by a radical polymerization reaction of the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by the above general formula (1). 【0091】[Copolymer] The polymer of the present invention may be a homopolymer having only the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) as a monomer component (having only repeating units formed from the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1)), or it may be a copolymer having the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) and monomer compounds other than the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) as monomer components (having repeating units formed from the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) and repeating units formed from monomer compounds other than the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1)). Examples of monomer components other than the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) include a monomer compound (β) having a hydrophilic group and an acrylic compound (γ) represented by general formula (4), which will be described later. In the present invention, the copolymers described above are included in polymers. Because the hydrocarbon chains of the repeating units formed from the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) segregate on the surface of the coating, the resulting coating exhibits excellent water-repellent and oil-repellent properties even when used as a copolymer. 【0092】 When the total repeating units in the polymer of the present invention are set to 100 mol%, the repeating units formed from the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) are preferably 1 to 100 mol%, and more preferably 5 to 100 mol%. If the mol% of the repeating units formed from the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) is less than the above lower limit, the water-repellent and oil-repellent properties of the resulting film may be insufficient. 【0093】 The content of repeating units formed from hydrocarbon-terminated monomer compounds (α) represented by general formula (1), and the content of repeating units formed from monomer compounds other than hydrocarbon-terminated monomer compounds (α) represented by general formula (1) are as follows: 1In 1H-NMR measurements, this can be calculated from the ratio of the integral values ​​of the signals derived from each monomer compound. It can also be calculated from the amount of these monomer compounds used during polymer production. For example, when a copolymer is synthesized by copolymerizing a hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) with monomer compounds other than the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1), the amount of hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) used can be considered as the content of repeating units formed from the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1), and the amount of monomer compounds other than the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) used can be considered as the content of repeating units formed from monomer compounds other than the hydrocarbon-end group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1). 【0094】 [Hydrophilic group-containing monomer compound (β)] The polymer of the present invention may be a copolymer comprising a hydrocarbon-terminated group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1), as well as a monomer compound (β) having a hydrophilic group as a monomer component. Due to the presence of a highly polar hydrophilic group, a film formed by a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition containing this copolymer exhibits good adhesion to the substrate. 【0095】 The monomer compound (β) having a hydrophilic group is one that has both a hydrophilic group and a polymerizable group. Preferred hydrophilic groups in the monomer compound (β) are hydroxyl groups, amino groups, carboxylic acid groups, sulfonic acid groups, hydrolyzable silyl groups, oxyalkylene groups, anionic groups, cationic groups, and amphoteric groups. When the hydrophilic group is one of those listed above, the film formed by the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition containing a copolymer with this monomer compound (β) having a hydrophilic group as a monomer component exhibits even better adhesion to the substrate. 【0096】Polymerizable groups in the monomer compound (β) having a hydrophilic group include (meth)acryloyl group, vinyl group, allyl group, isopropenyl group, styryl group, vinyloxy group, vinyloxycarbonyl group, vinylcarbonyl group, N-vinylamino group, etc., with (meth)acryloyl group being particularly preferred. 【0097】Specific examples of monomer compounds (β) having hydrophilic groups include: hydroxyl group-containing monomers; hydroxyalkylene (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, diethylene glycol monovinyl ether, hydroxyethyl allyl ether, hydroxyethyl carboxylate vinyl ester, p-hydroxystyrene, dihydroxystyrene, etc.; amino group-containing monomers; dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (also known as 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate), diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate, etc.; carboxylic acid group-containing monomers; vinyl benzoic acid, vinyl acetic acid, maleic anhydride, maleic acid, maleic acid ester, fumaric acid ester, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic anhydride, mono-2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phthalate, mono-2-(methacryloyloxy) monomers containing sulfonic acid groups, such as tyl succinate and mono-2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl succinate; monomers containing hydrolyzable silyl groups, such as styrene sulfonic acid, 4-(methacryloyloxy)butyl sulfonic acid, methallyl sulfonic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid; monomers containing oxyalkylene groups, such as vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyldimethoxymethylsilane, allyltrimethoxysilane, allyltriethoxysilane, allyldimethoxymethylsilane, vinyloxypropyltrimethylsiloxysilane, vinyloxyethoxypropyltrimethylsiloxysilane, 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl acrylate, and 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate; monomers containing anionic groups, such as methoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, ethoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate, and butoxypolyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate;Vinylbenzoic acid, vinyl acetic acid, maleic anhydride, maleic acid, maleic acid esters, fumaric acid esters, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic anhydride, mono-2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phthalate, mono-2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl succinate, mono-2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl succinate, etc., neutralized products, styrene sulfonic acid, 4-(methacryloyloxy)butyl sulfonic acid, methallyl sulfonic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, etc., cationic group-containing monomers; dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide methyl chloride quaternary salt, [(2-meth Examples include amphoteric group-containing monomers such as [cryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride and [(2-acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethylammonium chloride; monomers containing quaternary ammonium groups and carboxyl groups such as N-methacryloyloxyethyl-N,N-dimethylammonium-α-N-methylcarboxybetaine; monomers containing quaternary ammonium groups and phosphate groups such as 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine; and monomers containing quaternary ammonium groups and sulfonic acid groups such as methacryloyloxyethyl-N,N-dimethyl3-sulfopropylammonium hydroxide. 【0098】 In the polymer of the present invention, when a monomer compound having a hydrophilic group (β) is used as a monomer component in addition to the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1), it is preferable that the repeating units formed from the monomer compound having a hydrophilic group (β) constitute 0.1 to 99 mol% of the total repeating units in the polymer of the present invention, and more preferably 0.5 to 80 mol%. 【0099】 [Acrylic compound (γ)] Furthermore, the polymer of the present invention, in addition to the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1), also contains the following general formula (4) R 7 -Y 1 -C(=O)-C(-X 1 )=CH2 (4) (wherein, R 7This is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, but does not include a monovalent hydrocarbon group having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 or more carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, Y 1 is -O- or -NH-, X 1 The monomer component may be an acrylic compound (γ) represented by formula (4), which is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom. Generally, the properties of a polymer coating are affected by the glass transition temperature of the polymer. By adjusting the amount of monomer component of the acrylic compound (γ) (the content of repeating units formed from the acrylic compound (γ)), ​​the glass transition temperature of the polymer can be controlled, and a polymer with appropriate properties can be obtained depending on the application and type of substrate. Note that the acrylic compound (γ) represented by formula (4) does not contain the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1). 【0100】 Here, in equation (4) above, R 7 This refers to monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, specifically including alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, neopentyl, hexyl, cyclohexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, and octadecyl; alkenyl groups such as vinyl, allyl, and propenyl; aryl groups such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, and naphthyl; and aralkyl groups such as benzyl, phenylethyl, and phenylpropyl. However, it does not include monovalent hydrocarbon groups having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 or more carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom. 【0101】 In the above equation (4), X 1 This is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom. Examples of monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include those similar to the monovalent hydrocarbon group R' described above. Among these, hydrogen atoms and methyl groups are preferred. 【0102】Specific examples of the acrylic compound (γ) represented by the above formula (4) include linear and branched alkyl (meth)acrylates such as methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate (also known as ethyl (meth)acrylate), propyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, pentyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, heptyl (meth)acrylate, octyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate, dodecyl (meth)acrylate, tetradecyl (meth)acrylate, hexadecyl (meth)acrylate, octadecyl (meth)acrylate, and behenyl (meth)acrylate, as well as cyclic alkyl (meth)acrylates such as cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, benzyl (meth)acrylate, phenoxyethyl (meth)acrylate, and isobornyl (meth)acrylate. 【0103】 In the polymer of the present invention, when an acrylic compound (γ) represented by general formula (4) is used as a monomer component in addition to a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1), it is preferable that the repeating units formed from the acrylic compound (γ) represented by general formula (4) constitute 0.1 to 99 mol% of the total repeating units in the polymer of the present invention, and more preferably 0.5 to 80 mol%. 【0104】 [Monomer Compound (δ)] The polymer of the present invention may be a copolymer in which, in addition to the hydrocarbon-terminated monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1), a monomer compound (δ) other than the above-mentioned monomer compounds (hydrocarbon-terminated monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1), a monomer compound having a hydrophilic group (β), and an acrylic compound (γ) represented by general formula (4)) is used as a monomer component. 【0105】Specific examples of monomer compounds (δ) other than the monomer compounds mentioned above (monomer compounds containing hydrocarbon terminal groups represented by general formula (1) (α), monomer compounds having hydrophilic groups (β), and acrylic compounds represented by general formula (4) (γ)) include (meth)acrylic acid esters; monocarboxylic acids such as (meth)acrylic acid; dicarboxylic acids such as itaconic acid, maleic acid, and succinic acid, their half-esters (monoesters), their diesters, and their acid anhydrides; styrenes such as styrene and α-methylstyrene; vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate. 【0106】 In the polymer of the present invention, when a monomer compound other than the above-mentioned monomer compound (δ) is used as a monomer component in addition to the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1), it is preferable that the repeating units formed from the monomer compound (δ) constitute 0.1 to 99 mol% of the total repeating units in the polymer of the present invention, and more preferably 0.5 to 80 mol%. 【0107】 [Method for producing copolymers] When the polymer of the present invention is a copolymer, it may be a random copolymer or a block copolymer. 【0108】 The block copolymer may be an i-ii block copolymer having one block segment (i) and one other segment (ii), an i-iii-i block copolymer having two block segments (i) and one other segment (ii), or an ii-i-ii block copolymer having one block segment (i) and two other segments (ii). The block copolymer may also have an additional segment (iii) other than the block segment (i) and the other segments (ii). The block copolymer may be, for example, an i-ii-iii block copolymer or an ii-i-iiii block copolymer. The block copolymer can be produced by living polymerization, for example, living radical polymerization. 【0109】Living radical polymerization is based on the application of heat, light, metal catalysts, etc., to establish a rapid equilibrium between a small amount of growing radicals (free radicals) and a large amount of dormant species in the growth reaction. Various forms of living radical polymerization have been proposed using dormant chains. 【0110】 For example, methods such as the ATRP method (atomic transfer radical polymerization), which mainly uses alkyl halides as dormants; the RAFT method, which mainly uses thioesters; and the NMP method, which mainly uses alkoxyamines, have been proposed. 【0111】 The ATRP (atomic transfer radical polymerization) method is a method for polymerizing vinyl monomers using a polymerization initiator having a highly reactive carbon-halogen bond and a transition metal complex that acts as a polymerization catalyst. 【0112】 The RAFT method is a method for polymerizing vinyl monomers by adding a chain transfer agent with a high chain transfer constant, called a RAFT agent, to a conventional radical polymerization system. Thioesters can be used as RAFT agents. Examples of thioesters include, for example, 4-cyano-4-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl]pentanoic acid, 2-cyano-2-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl]propane, S,S-dibenzyltrithiotansanate, 4-cyano-4-[(dodecylsulfanylthiocarbonyl)sulfanyl]methyl pentanoate, trithiotansan=bis[4-(allyloxycarbonyl)benzyl], trithiotansan=bis[4-(2,3-dihydroxypropoxycarbonyl)benzyl], trithiotansan=bis{4-[ethyl-(2-acetyloxyethyl)carbamoyl]benzyl}, trithiotansan=bis{4-[ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)carbamoyl]benzyl}, trithiotansan=bis[4-(2-hydroxyethoxycarbonyl)benzyl], and others. The amount of thioester used is preferably 0.0001 to 0.5 moles per 1 mole of total monomers, and particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.1 moles. 【0113】The NMP method involves thermally cleaving alkoxyamines to generate stable nitrooxides and polymer radicals, and then polymerizing vinyl monomers onto these polymer radicals. 【0114】 A block copolymer can be obtained by performing a first block segment formation step using the conventionally known living radical polymerization process described above, and then subjecting the mixture to a second block segment formation step. After the first block segment formation step, the polymerization reaction solution may be used as is for the next step, or the block chains may be separated and purified according to a well-known method before the second block segment formation step is performed. For example, residual monomers and solvents may be removed by distillation, reprecipitation in a suitable solvent may be performed, the precipitated polymer may be filtered or centrifuged, and the polymer may be washed and dried. 【0115】 The weight-average molecular weight of the polymer of the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, the weight-average molecular weight determined in polystyrene terms by gel permeation chromatography is preferably about 2,000 to 10,000,000, more preferably 5,000 to 5,000,000, even more preferably 5,000 to 500,000, and particularly preferably 8,000 to 200,000. When the molecular weight is within the above range, the polymer and solvent are blended to form a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition, resulting in good compatibility. In order to make the polymer of the present invention fall within the above weight-average molecular weight range, it is effective to adjust the types and blending ratios of monomers, radical polymerization initiators, polymerization inhibitors, and solvents used in the production of the polymer. 【0116】In this invention, the weight-average molecular weight in polystyrene terms can be determined by gel permeation chromatography under the following measurement conditions. [Equipment used] Liquid delivery pump: Tosoh HLC-8320GPC Column oven: Tosoh HLC-8320GPC Detector: RI detector [differential refractometer] [Column conditions] Column: Tosoh TSK-GEL Super MultiporeHZ-M x 2 Solvent [mobile phase]: Kanto Chemical Tetrahydrofuran (for high-performance liquid chromatography) Column oven temperature: 40°C Pump oven temperature: 40°C Liquid delivery rate: 0.250 mL / min [Sample conditions] Sample concentration: 0.5% by mass Injection volume: 10 μL [Detection conditions] Detection temperature: 40°C 【0117】[Water- and oil-repellent composition] A further embodiment of the present invention is a water- and oil-repellent composition comprising the above polymer and a solvent. The solvent is preferably a non-fluorinated solvent, and examples include hydrocarbon solvents (petroleum benzine, toluene, xylene, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, ethylcyclohexane, heptane, octane (n-octane, isooctane, etc.), nonane (n-nonane, isononane, etc.)), ketone solvents (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, etc.), ether solvents (tetrahydrofuran (THF), dipropyl ether, dibutyl ether, methylcyclopentyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, etc.), alcohol solvents (propylene glycol monomethyl ether, butanol, isopropanol, etc.), and ester solvents (ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, butyl acetate, pentyl acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate). The amount of solvent used is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.01 to 99.99 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 99.9 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the total components of the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0118】 The amount of the polymer in the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.01 to 99.99 parts by mass, and particularly preferably 0.1 to 99.9 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the total components of the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0119】 The water-repellent and oil-repellent composition of the present invention may contain other optional components, including polymerization inhibitors, antistatic agents, leveling agents, crosslinking agents, defoaming agents, viscosity modifiers, light-resistant stabilizers, heat-resistant stabilizers, antioxidants, surfactants, colorants, and polymer or inorganic fillers. The structure of these components is not particularly limited, and known components can be used as long as they do not impair the purpose of the present invention. 【0120】Furthermore, the water- and oil-repellent composition of the present invention may contain unreacted raw materials and reaction intermediates that may be present when producing the polymer. 【0121】 In recent years, it has been predicted that restrictions on the use, sale, and discharge of fluorine-containing compounds will be strengthened under PFAS regulations. Therefore, it is preferable that the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition of the present invention does not contain fluorine atoms (i.e., does not contain any components that contain fluorine atoms). 【0122】 [Coating and Articles] Furthermore, the present invention provides a coating obtained by applying the above-described water- and oil-repellent composition of the present invention to the surface of a substrate and volatilizing the solvent, and an article having said coating on its surface. As described above, by using the water- and oil-repellent composition of the present invention, it is possible to form a coating with excellent water- and oil-repellent properties on the surface of a substrate. As a result, it is possible to provide a substrate (article) with a surface that is resistant to the adhesion of dirt such as fingerprints, sebum, sweat, cosmetics, food and beverages, and has excellent wipeability. 【0123】 A coating formed using the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition of the present invention may be directly applied to the surface of an article to be given properties (for example, an article with a surface substrate such as paper, cloth, metal and its oxides, glass, plastic, ceramic, or quartz). Alternatively, the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition of the present invention can be applied to various substrate films (for example, films made of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, vinyl chloride resin, polystyrene, acrylic resin, polycarbonate, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, polyethersulfone, aramid, or polyimide) to create a coating, and then the film can be attached to the surface of the target article to impart properties to various articles. 【0124】 Here, the coating method for the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but known coating methods such as roll coating, gravure coating, flow coating, dip coating, spray coating, spin coating, bar coating, and screen printing can be used. After coating, a film made of the polymer is obtained by evaporating the solvent. 【0125】The solvent evaporation conditions are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a temperature of 0 to 200°C, particularly 20 to 150°C, for 1 minute to 36 hours, and especially 1 minute to 24 hours. 【0126】 Furthermore, the appropriate thickness of the film formed using the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition of the present invention varies greatly depending on the method of use, etc., and is not limited by thickness, but for example, the film thickness may be 0.005 to 100 μm. The film thickness can also be measured using a thin film thickness measuring device based on optical interferometry (optical interferometry film thickness meter, reflection spectrometer film thickness meter) or a thin film thickness measuring device based on spectroscopic ellipsometry (spectroscopic ellipsometer). 【0127】 Articles of the present invention have a coating formed by the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition of the present invention on the surface of a substrate. Examples include the casings of various devices carried by people, such as tablet computers, mobile phones and smartphones, notebook PCs, digital media players, watch-type and glasses-type wearable computers, digital cameras, digital video cameras, and e-book readers; the surfaces of display and operation equipment such as liquid crystal displays, plasma displays, organic EL displays, rear projection displays, fluorescent display tubes (VFDs), field emission projection displays, CRTs, toner-based displays, and TV screens; the exteriors of automobiles, the glossy surfaces of pianos and furniture, the surfaces of architectural stone materials such as marble, decorative building materials for wet areas such as toilets, bathrooms, and washrooms, protective glass for displaying works of art, shop windows, showcases, photo frame covers, watches, window glass for automobiles, trains, and aircraft, transparent glass or transparent plastic (acrylic, polycarbonate, etc.) components such as automobile headlights and taillights, and various mirror components. 【0128】More specifically, examples of devices having display input devices that allow users to operate the screen with their fingers or palms, such as touch panel displays, include tablet computers, notebook PCs, watch-type wearable computers, activity trackers, mobile phones and smartphones, digital media players, e-book readers, digital photo frames, game consoles and game console controllers, digital cameras, digital video cameras, navigation systems for automobiles, automatic cash withdrawal and deposit machines, ATMs, vending machines, digital signage (electronic billboards), security system terminals, POS terminals, various controllers such as remote controllers, and display input devices such as panel switches for in-vehicle equipment. 【0129】 Furthermore, articles of the present invention include optical recording media such as magneto-optical disks and optical discs; optical components and optical devices such as eyeglass lenses, camera lenses, projector lens prisms, lens sheets, pellicle films, polarizing plates, optical filters, lenticular lenses, Fresnel lenses, anti-reflective coatings, optical fibers and optical couplers, or various protective components for these devices. 【0130】 The coating of the present invention can also be formed on the surface of a porous substrate. Examples of porous substrates include fibers, threads, cloths, perforated membranes, microporous membranes, stone materials, and filters. Examples of materials for the porous substrate include silk, glass, carbon, aramid, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), Xylon, boron, basalt, metals, polyamides, silicon carbide, polyester, ceramics, alumina, minerals, rocks, slugs, polyoxymethylene, aromatic polyamides, poly(p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole), plants such as cotton and hemp, cellulose, and lignin. 【0131】 Examples of the fibers mentioned above include natural animal and plant fibers such as cotton, linen, wool, and silk; synthetic fibers such as polyamide, polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, and polypropylene; semi-synthetic fibers such as rayon and acetate; inorganic fibers such as glass fibers, carbon fibers, and asbestos fibers; or blends thereof. 【0132】 Furthermore, paper can also be cited as a base material, and examples include bleached or unbleached chemical pulps such as kraft pulp or sulfite pulp, bleached or unbleached high-yield pulps such as crushed wood pulp, mechanical pulp or thermomechanical pulp, recycled paper pulp such as recycled newspaper, recycled magazine, recycled corrugated cardboard or deinked recycled paper, etc., as well as paper containers and molded bodies made of paper. 【0133】 The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to synthesis examples, synthesis implementation examples, synthesis comparative examples, and examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. In the following examples, the room temperature is 25°C, and atmospheric pressure refers to atmospheric pressure. The melting point is the value measured under atmospheric pressure using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and the measurement method conforms to JIS K 7121. The measurement conditions are as follows: Starting temperature: -150°C, ending temperature: 200°C, heating / cooling rate: 10°C / min, ambient gas: nitrogen (flow rate: 50 mL / min). 【0134】 Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of the polymer is the polystyrene equivalent value obtained by gel permeation chromatography under the following measurement conditions. [Equipment Used] Liquid delivery pump: Tosoh HLC-8320GPC Column oven: Tosoh HLC-8320GPC Detector: RI detector [differential refractometer] [Column Conditions] Column: Tosoh TSK-GEL Super MultiporeHZ-M x 2 Solvent [Mobile Phase]: Kanto Chemical Tetrahydrofuran (for high-performance liquid chromatography) Column oven temperature: 40°C Pump oven temperature: 40°C Liquid delivery rate: 0.250 mL / min [Sample Conditions] Sample concentration: 0.5% by mass Injection volume: 10 μL [Detection Conditions] Detection temperature: 40°C 【0135】 [Example 1] Synthesis of hydrocarbon-terminated monomer compound (α) [Synthesis Example 1-1] Synthesis of compound (b) In the reaction vessel, the following formula (a) 100.00 g (1.97 × 10) of the compound represented by -1Mix 100.0 g of methanol (3.94 × 10) with a nitrogen atmosphere and stir at room temperature for 1 hour. Then, add 14.91 g of sodium borohydride (3.94 × 10) to the system. -1 After mixing (mol), the mixture was stirred at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere for 12 hours. Subsequently, the solvent and unreacted materials were removed by washing with water and distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 91.21 g of product. 【0136】 The resulting product is 1 ¹H-NMR confirmed that the compound is represented by the following formula (b). 【0137】 [Synthesis Example 1-2] A hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (A) is synthesized in a reaction vessel using the following formula (b) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-1. 10.00 g (1.96 × 10) of the compound represented by -2 mol), THF 100.0g, triethylamine 2.97g (2.94 x 10 -2 The mixture (mol) was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at 40°C for 1 hour. Then, 2.66 g of acrylate chloride (2.94 × 10) was added to the system. -2 After mixing (mol), the mixture was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at 40°C for 6 hours. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by washing with water and distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 8.78 g of product. 【0138】 The resulting compound was 1 The structure was confirmed to be represented by the following formula (A) by 1H-NMR. Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 28°C. 【0139】 [Synthesis Example 1-3] Synthesis of hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (B) In the reaction vessel, the following formula (c) 10.00 g (1.92 × 10) of the compound represented by -2 mol), THF 100.0g, triethylamine 2.91g (2.88 x 10) -2 The mixture (mol) was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at 40°C for 1 hour. Then, 2.61 g of acrylate chloride (2.88 × 10) was added to the system. -2After mixing (mol), the mixture was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at 40°C for 6 hours. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by washing with water and distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 8.62 g of product. 【0140】 The resulting compound was 1 The structure was confirmed to be represented by the following formula (B) by 1H-NMR. Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 32°C. 【0141】 [Synthesis Example 1-4] Synthesis of hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (C) In the reaction vessel, the following formula (b) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-1 above 10.00 g (1.96 × 10) of the compound represented by -2 mol), 3.04 g (2.15 x 10) of 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate -2 50.00 g of THF (mol) and 0.03 g of tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl) orthotitanate were mixed and aged at 50°C for 12 hours. Then, the solvent and unreacted materials were removed by vacuum distillation to obtain 12.88 g of product. 【0142】 The resulting compound was 1 The structure was confirmed to be represented by the following formula (C) by 1H-NMR. Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 58°C. 【0143】 [Synthesis Example 1-5] Synthesis of hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (D) In ​​the reaction vessel, the following formula (b) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-1 above 10.00 g (1.96 × 10) of the compound represented by -2 mol), 2-(2-methacryloyloxyethyloxy)ethyl isocyanate 4.29 g (2.15 x 10) -2 50.00 g of THF (mol) and 0.03 g of tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl) orthotitanate were mixed and aged at 50°C for 12 hours. Then, the solvent and unreacted materials were removed by vacuum distillation to obtain 13.61 g of product. 【0144】 The resulting compound was 1 The structure was confirmed to be represented by the following formula (D) by 1H-NMR. Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 56°C. 【0145】 [Synthesis Example 1-6] Synthesis of hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (E) In the reaction vessel, the following formula (c) 10.00 g (1.92 × 10) of the compound represented by -2 mol), 2.98 g of 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate (2.11 x 10 -2 (mol) 50.00 g of THF was mixed and aged at 50°C for 12 hours. Then, the solvent and unreacted materials were removed by vacuum distillation to obtain 12.11 g of product. 【0146】 The resulting compound was 1 The structure was confirmed to be represented by the following formula (E) by 1H-NMR. Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 38°C. 【0147】 [Synthesis Example 1-7] Synthesis of hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (F) In the reaction vessel, the following formula (e) 10.00 g (2.83 × 10) of the compound represented by -2 mol), 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate 4.39 g (3.11 x 10) -2 (mol) 50.00 g of THF was mixed and aged at 50°C for 12 hours. Then, the solvent and unreacted materials were removed by vacuum distillation to obtain 12.72 g of product. 【0148】 The resulting compound was 1 The structure was confirmed to be represented by the following formula (F) by 1H-NMR. Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 21°C. 【0149】 [Synthesis Example 1-8] Synthesis of hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (G) In the reaction vessel, the following formula (c) 10.00 g (1.92 × 10) of the compound represented by -2 mol), 3.28 g of 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate (2.11 x 10) -2 (mol) was mixed with 50.00 g of THF and aged at 50°C for 12 hours. Then, the solvent and unreacted materials were removed by vacuum distillation to obtain 13.03 g of product. 【0150】 The resulting compound was 1The structure was confirmed to be represented by the following formula (G) by 1H-NMR. Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 47°C. 【0151】 [Synthesis Example 1-9] Synthesis of hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (X) In the reaction vessel, the following formula (g) 10.00 g (3.70 × 10) of the compound represented by -2 mol), 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate 5.74 g (4.07 x 10) -2 50.00 g of THF (mol) and 0.03 g of tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl) orthotitanate were mixed and aged at 50°C for 12 hours. Then, the solvent and unreacted materials were removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 13.28 g of product. 【0152】 The resulting compound was 1 The structure was confirmed to be represented by the following formula (X) by 1H-NMR. Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 29°C. 【0153】 [Synthesis Example 1-10] Synthesis of hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (Y) In the reaction vessel, the following formula (h) 10.00 g (3.71 × 10) of the compound represented by -2 mol), 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate 5.76 g (4.08 x 10) -2 (mol) was mixed with 50.00 g of THF and aged at 50°C for 12 hours. Then, the solvent and unreacted materials were removed by vacuum distillation to obtain 15.01 g of product. 【0154】 The resulting compound was 1 The structure was confirmed to be represented by the following formula (Y) by 1H-NMR. Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 42°C. 【0155】 Polymer Synthesis [Synthesis Example 1-1] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 1, the following formula (A) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-2 above was used Compound (A) represented by 5.63 g (1.0 × 10 -2 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4(mol) was mixed with 18 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by drying under reduced pressure, yielding 4.9 g of polymer 1. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer 1, calculated in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 23,000. 【0156】 [Synthesis Example 1-2] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 2, the following formula (B) obtained in the above synthesis example 1-3 was added Compound (B) represented by 5.76 g (1.0 × 10) -2 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 (mol) was mixed with 18 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by vacuum drying, to obtain 3.4 g of polymer 2. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer 2, calculated in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 44,000. 【0157】 [Synthesis Example 1-3] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 3, the following formula (C) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-4 above was used Compound (C) represented by 6.50 g (1.0 × 10 -2 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 (mol) was mixed with 21 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by vacuum drying to obtain 5.9 g of polymer 3. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer 3, calculated in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 40,000. 【0158】 [Synthesis Example 1-4] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 4, the following formula (D) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-5 above was added Compound (D) represented by 7.08 g (1.0 × 10 -2mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 (mol) was mixed with 21 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by drying under reduced pressure, yielding 6.1 g of polymer 4. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer 4, calculated in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 22,000. 【0159】 [Synthesis Example 1-5] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 5, the following formula (E) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-6 above was used Compound (E) represented by 6.63 g (1.0 × 10 -2 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 21 g of ethylcyclohexane (mol) was mixed with the mixture and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by vacuum drying to obtain 6.0 g of polymer 5. The weight-average molecular weight of polymer 5, calculated in polystyrene terms by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 37,000. 【0160】 [Synthesis Example 1-6] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 6, the following formula (F) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-7 above was used Compound (F) represented by 4.95 g (1.0 × 10 -2 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 (mol) was mixed with 15 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by vacuum drying, to obtain 3.3 g of polymer 6. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer 6, calculated in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 55,000. 【0161】 [Synthesis Example 1-7] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 7, the following formula (G) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-8 above was used Compound (G) represented by 6.77 g (1.0 × 10 -2 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 (mol) was mixed with 21 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by vacuum drying, to obtain 5.8 g of polymer 7. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer 7, calculated in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography, was calculated to be 20,000. 【0162】 [Synthesis Example 1-8] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 8, the following formula (E) obtained in the above synthesis example 1-6 was used Compound (E) represented by 5.30 g (8.0 x 10 -3 mol), 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate 0.288 g (2.0 x 10 -3 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 (mol) was mixed with 18 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by vacuum drying, to obtain 3.9 g of polymer 8. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer 8, calculated in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 128,000. 【0163】 [Synthesis Example 1-9] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 9, the following formula (E) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-6 above was used Compound (E) represented by 5.30 g (8.0 x 10 -3 mol), 0.286 g of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl acrylate (2.0 x 10) -3 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4(mol) was mixed with 18 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by drying under reduced pressure, yielding 3.3 g of polymer 9. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer 9, calculated in polystyrene terms by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 93,000. 【0164】 [Synthesis Example 1-10] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 10, the following formula (E) obtained in the above synthesis example 1-6 was used Compound (E) represented by 5.30 g (8.0 x 10 -3 mol), 0.144 g of acrylic acid (2.0 x 10 -3 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 (mol) was mixed with 15 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by drying under reduced pressure, yielding 3.7 g of polymer 10. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer 10, calculated in polystyrene terms by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 189,000. 【0165】 [Synthesis Example 1-11] In the reaction vessel for the synthesis of polymer 11, the following formula (E) obtained in the above synthesis example 1-6 was used Compound (E) represented by 5.30 g (8.0 x 10 -3 mol), 0.200 g of ethyl acrylate (2.0 x 10 -3 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 (mol) was mixed with 18 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by vacuum drying to obtain 3.7 g of polymer 11. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of polymer 11, calculated in polystyrene terms by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 249,000. 【0166】[Synthesis Comparative Example 1-1] In the synthesis reaction vessel of comparative polymer 12, the following formula (X) obtained in synthesis example 1-9 above was used Compound (X) represented by 4.12 g (1.0 × 10 -2 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 (mol) was mixed with 12 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by vacuum drying to obtain 3.5 g of comparative polymer 12. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of comparative polymer 12, determined in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography, was calculated to be 13,000. 【0167】 [Synthesis Comparative Example 1-2] In the synthesis reaction vessel of comparative polymer 13, the following formula (Y) obtained in the above synthesis example 1-10 was used Compound (Y) represented by 4.11 g (1.0 × 10) -2 mol), 2,2'-Azobis(isobutyrate)dimethyl 23.0 mg (1.0 x 10) -4 (mol) was mixed with 12 g of ethylcyclohexane and reacted at 80°C for 12 hours while passing nitrogen gas through. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by reprecipitation using methanol as a poor solvent, followed by vacuum drying to obtain 3.3 g of comparative polymer 13. Furthermore, the weight-average molecular weight of comparative polymer 13, calculated in polystyrene terms by gel permeation chromatography, was determined to be 49,000. 【0168】 Preparation of Water- and Oil-Repellent Composition [Example 1-1] A water- and oil-repellent composition was prepared by dissolving polymer 1 obtained in the above synthesis example 1-1 in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass. 【0169】 [Example 1-2] Polymer 2 obtained in the above synthesis example 1-2 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0170】 [Examples 1-3] Polymer 3 obtained in the above synthesis examples 1-3 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0171】 [Examples 1-4] Polymer 4 obtained in the above synthesis examples 1-4 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0172】 [Examples 1-5] Polymer 5 obtained in the above synthesis examples 1-5 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0173】 [Examples 1-6] Polymer 6 obtained in the above synthesis examples 1-6 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0174】 [Examples 1-7] The polymer 7 obtained in the above synthesis examples 1-7 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0175】 [Examples 1-8] Polymer 8 obtained in the above synthesis examples 1-8 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0176】 [Examples 1-9] Polymer 9 obtained in the above synthesis examples 1-9 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0177】 [Examples 1-10] The polymer 10 obtained in the above synthesis examples 1-10 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0178】 [Example 1-11] The polymer 11 obtained in the above synthesis example 1-11 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0179】 [Comparative Example 1-1] The comparative polymer 12 obtained in the above synthetic comparative example 1-1 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0180】 [Comparative Example 1-2] The comparative polymer 13 obtained in the above synthetic comparative example 1-2 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0181】 [Comparative Example 1-3] A hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (E) obtained in Synthesis Example 1-6 was dissolved in ethylcyclohexane to a concentration of 2% by mass to prepare a water-repellent and oil-repellent composition. 【0182】 Coating and Film Preparation (1) The water- and oil-repellent compositions prepared in Examples 1-1 to 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 were applied to a silicon substrate by spin coating (3,000 rpm x 30 seconds). After coating, the solvent was evaporated by air drying at room temperature for 1 hour to obtain a film with a thickness of approximately 100 nm. The film thickness was measured using a spectroscopic ellipsometer (J.A. Wollam, model M-2000). 【0183】 The coating obtained above was evaluated for its film-forming properties by observing its appearance, and its water and oil repellency by measuring the water contact angle and hexadecane contact angle, using the methods described below. The results are shown in Table 1. 【0184】 Evaluation of Film-Forming Properties [Visual Observation of Coating Film] The coating obtained above was visually observed to evaluate its film-forming properties. A ○ was given to a coating that showed good film-forming properties and was evenly coated on the glass, while a × was given to a coating that did not show good film-forming properties and was repelled from the glass, resulting in unevenness. The results (appearance of the coating film) are shown in Table 1. 【0185】Evaluation of Water and Oil Repellency [Water Contact Angle, Hexadecane (HD) Contact Angle] For the coating obtained above, the contact angle (water repellency and oil repellency) of the coating with respect to water and hexadecane (HD) was measured using a Drop Master contact angle meter (Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd., DMo-701SA) (droplet: 2 μL, temperature: 25°C, relative humidity: 40%). The measurement was performed by taking a picture of the droplet (pure water or hexadecane) 1 second after dropping with a CCD camera connected to the contact angle meter, and then analyzing the droplet image using FAMAS contact angle analysis software attached to the contact angle measuring instrument to measure the contact angle between the coating and the droplet. The contact angle was calculated using the θ / 2 method. The analysis conditions are as follows. The results (water contact angle and HD contact angle) are shown in Table 1. [Analysis Conditions] Method: Droplet method (θ / 2 method) Droplet recognition: Automatic Droplet recognition line (distance from needle tip): 50 dots Algorithm: Automatic Image mode: Frame Threshold level: Automatic 【0186】 【0187】 The coatings formed using the water- and oil-repellent compositions containing the polymer of the present invention (Examples 1-1 to 1-11) were evenly coated and exhibited high water contact angles and hexadecane contact angles, confirming excellent water and oil repellency. On the other hand, the coatings formed using water- and oil-repellent compositions containing polymers with a different structure from the polymer of the present invention (Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2) were evenly coated but exhibited low hexadecane contact angles, confirming low oil repellency. Furthermore, the coating formed using a water- and oil-repellent composition in which the monomer was directly dissolved in a solvent (Comparative Example 1-3) lacked film-forming properties, repelled on glass, resulting in unevenness and failing to form a good coating film. It also exhibited even lower water and hexadecane contact angles, confirming low water and oil repellency. 【0188】 Coating and film preparation (2) The water-repellent and oil-repellent compositions prepared in Examples 1-1 to 1-11 and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 were applied to 14 momme silk habutae (weight 52.5 g / m²). ２The substrate was dip-coated. The dip-coating conditions were as follows: After coating, the film was obtained by air-drying at room temperature for 1 hour to evaporate the solvent. [Dip-coating conditions] Coating equipment: Tabletop dip coater (SDI Corporation, DT-0303-S3) Immersion speed: 20 mm / sec Immersion time: 30 sec Withdrawal speed: 3 mm / sec 【0189】 The coating obtained above was subjected to a penetration test to evaluate its water repellency using the method described below. The results are shown in Table 3. 【0190】 Evaluation of Water Repellency [Penetration Test] Water repellency was evaluated by conducting a penetration test in accordance with AATCC TM193. One drop of the test solution shown in Table 2 was dropped onto the coating obtained above using a Pasteur pipette, and if the drop did not penetrate after 30 seconds, the test solution was considered acceptable. The highest grade of the acceptable test solution was defined as the water repellency. The results (water repellency) are shown in Table 3. 【0191】 【0192】 【0193】 The coatings formed using the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition containing the polymer of the present invention (Examples 1-1 to 1-11) showed high water repellency, confirming excellent water repellency. On the other hand, the coatings formed using the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition containing a polymer with a different structure from the polymer of the present invention (Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2) showed low water repellency, confirming poor water repellency. Furthermore, the coating formed using the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition in which the monomer was directly dissolved in a solvent (Comparative Example 1-3) showed low water repellency, confirming poor water repellency. 【0194】 [Example 2] [Synthesis Example 2-1] Synthesis of compound (A') A 2 L four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, nitrogen gas inlet, reflux condenser, and stirrer was prepared using the following formula (a') 200.0 g (0.383 mol) of the compound represented by [formula], 59.5 g (0.422 mol) of 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate, 0.1 g of 4-methoxyphenol, and 1000.0 g of tetrahydrofuran (super-dehydrated, stabilizer-free) were mixed and aged at 40°C for 2 hours. After that, the solvent and unreacted products were removed by distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 234.0 g of the product. 【0195】 The resulting product is 1 ¹H-NMR confirmed that the compound is represented by the following formula (A'). Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 38°C. 【0196】 【0197】 [Synthesis Example 2-2] Synthesis of Compound (B') 248.0 g of the product was obtained in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 2-1, except that 65.5 g (0.422 mol) of 2-isocyanatoethyl methacrylate was used instead of 59.5 g (0.422 mol) of 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate. 【0198】 The resulting product is 1 ¹H-NMR confirmed that the compound is represented by the following formula (B'). Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 47°C. 【0199】 【0200】 [Synthesis Example 2-3] Synthesis of compound (c-2) A 5 L four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, nitrogen gas inlet, reflux condenser, and stirrer was prepared using the following formula (c-1) 150.0 g (0.296 mol) of the compound represented by [formula], 1500.0 g of tetrahydrofuran, and 22.5 g (3.94 mol) of sodium borohydride were mixed. Then, 300.0 g of methanol was added to the system, and the mixture was stirred at 60°C for 2 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction was then stopped with hydrochloric acid, and the solvent and unreacted substances were removed by washing with water and distillation under reduced pressure to obtain 131.1 g of product. 【0201】 The resulting product is 1 ¹H-NMR confirmed that the compound is represented by the following formula (c-2). 【0202】 【0203】 [Synthesis Example 2-4] Synthesis of compound (C') A 2 L four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, nitrogen gas inlet, reflux condenser, and stirrer was prepared using the following formula (c-2) obtained in Synthesis Example 2-3 above. 100.0 g (0.196 mol) of the compound represented by , 30.5 g (0.216 mol) of 2-isocyanatoethyl acrylate, 0.1 g of 4-methoxyphenol, and 1000.0 g of tetrahydrofuran were mixed and heated and stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. Then, 1.0 g of tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl) orthotitanate was added and the mixture was heated and aged at 50°C for 6 hours. The solvent and unreacted substances were removed by vacuum distillation to obtain 117.5 g of the product. 【0204】 The resulting product is 1 ¹H-NMR confirmed that the compound is represented by the following formula (C'). Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 58°C. 【0205】 【0206】 [Synthesis Example 2-5] Synthesis of compound (D') A 1 L four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, nitrogen gas inlet, reflux condenser, and stirrer was prepared by adding the following formula (c-2) obtained in Synthesis Example 2-3 above. 27.0 g (5.30 × 10) of the compound represented by -2 480.0 g of tetrahydrofuran (ultra-dehydrated, stabilizer-free), 0.014 g of 4-methoxyphenol were added, and the mixture was heated and stirred at 35°C for 1 hour under a nitrogen atmosphere. Subsequently, 8.1 g of triethylamine (8.00 × 10) was added to the system. -2 After mixing 7.2 g (1.18 mol) of acrylate chloride with mol, the mixture was stirred at 35°C for 3 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. Subsequently, the solvent, by-products, and unreacted materials were removed by methanol washing and reduced-pressure distillation to obtain 44.1 g of product. 【0207】 The resulting product is 1 ¹H-NMR confirmed that the compound is represented by the following formula (D'). Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 28°C. 【0208】 【0209】[Synthesis Example 2-6] Synthesis of compound (E') was carried out in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 2-4, except that 100.0 g (0.196 mol) of compound (c-2) was replaced with 17.3 g (0.196 mol) of 3-pentanol and 100.0 g of tetrahydrofuran (super-dehydrated, stabilizer-free) was used, and 35.2 g of the product was obtained. 【0210】 The resulting product is 1 ¹H-NMR confirmed that the compound is represented by the following formula (E'). Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 13°C. 【0211】 【0212】 [Synthesis Example 2-7] Synthesis of compound (F') was carried out in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 2-4, except that 100.0 g (0.196 mol) of compound (c-2) was replaced with 53.0 g (0.196 mol) of 1-octadecanol and 100.0 g of tetrahydrofuran (super-dehydrated, no stabilizer) was used, and 68.7 g of the product was obtained. 【0213】 The resulting product is 1 ¹H-NMR confirmed that the compound is represented by the following formula (F'). Furthermore, the melting point of the obtained compound at atmospheric pressure was 29°C. 【0214】 【0215】 [Example 2-1] A 100 mL four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, nitrogen gas inlet, reflux condenser, and stirrer was prepared using the following formula (A') obtained in Synthesis Example 2-1 above. 10.0 g of monomer (1.50 x 10) -2 (mol) 23.3 g of tetrahydrofuran (super-dehydrated, stabilizer-free) and 5.0 g of aluminum oxide (active) were charged as solvents and stirred overnight at room temperature (25°C). After removing the aluminum oxide by pressure filtration, it was removed by distillation under reduced pressure at 50°C, and 15.0 g of tetrahydrofuran and 0.087 g of V-601 (dimethyl azobisisobutyrate, manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) as a radical polymerization initiator (5.30 x 10) were added. -4A mol (mol) was charged and reacted at 60°C for 20 hours under a nitrogen gas atmosphere. Then, 25 g of tetrahydrofuran was added to dilute it, and it was added dropwise to 500 g of methanol to reprecipitation as a solid. After obtaining the solid by pressure filtration, it was dried under reduced pressure while heating at 40°C. Then, tetrahydrofuran was added to achieve an active ingredient concentration of 3% by mass, and a coating solution of the monomer polymer shown in formula (A') was prepared. The weight-average molecular weight of the obtained monomer polymer was 14,529. 【0216】 [Example 2-2] A coating solution with an active ingredient concentration of 3% by mass was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the monomer was changed from the monomer shown in formula (A') to the monomer shown in formula (B') below, 40 g of tetrahydrofuran was added before the polymerization reaction, and tetrahydrofuran was not added before reprecipitation after the polymerization reaction. The weight-average molecular weight of the polymer of the obtained monomer was 10,327. 【0217】 [Example 2-3] A coating solution with an active ingredient concentration of 3% by mass was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the monomer was changed from the monomer represented by formula (A') to the monomer represented by formula (C') below, and 0.016 parts by mass of V-601 was added as an initiator. The weight-average molecular weight of the polymer of the obtained monomer was 14,142. 【0218】 [Example 2-4] A coating solution with an active ingredient concentration of 3% by mass was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-3, except that the monomer was changed from the monomer shown in formula (C') to the monomer shown in formula (D') below. The weight-average molecular weight of the polymer of the obtained monomer was 11,335. 【0219】 [Comparative Example 2-1] A coating solution with an active ingredient concentration of 3% by mass was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the monomer was changed from the monomer represented by formula (A') to the monomer represented by formula (E') below. The weight-average molecular weight of the polymer of the obtained monomer was 20,786. 【0220】[Comparative Example 2-2] A coating solution with an active ingredient concentration of 3% by mass was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-1, except that the monomer was changed from the monomer represented by formula (A') to the monomer represented by formula (F') below. The weight-average molecular weight of the polymer of the obtained monomer was 26,008. 【0221】 [Preparation of Glass Samples] The coating solutions prepared in Examples 2-1 to 2-4 and Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2 were dip-coated onto glass slides (Matsunami Glass Industry Co., Ltd., S1127, 76 mm x 26 mm) under the following conditions, and dried to prepare glass samples with a coating thickness of 0.10 to 0.20 μm. The thickness of the coating was measured using a spectroscopic ellipsometer (J.A. Wollam, Ltd., M-2000). <Dip Coating Conditions> Coating equipment: Tabletop dip coater (SDI Corporation, DT-0303-S3) Immersion time: 30 seconds Withdrawal speed: 3 mm / sec Drying after coating: Room temperature (25°C), 30 minutes 【0222】[Water Contact Angle, Hexadecane (HD) Contact Angle] For the glass samples prepared as described above, the contact angles (water repellency and oil repellency) of the coated film with respect to water and hexadecane (HD) were measured using a Drop Master contact angle meter (Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd., DMo-701SA) (droplet: 2 μL, temperature: 25°C, relative humidity: 40%). The measurement was performed by photographing the pure water and hexadecane 1 second after dropping with a CCD camera connected to the contact angle meter, and measuring the contact angle between the glass substrate and the droplet. The droplet image was analyzed using FAMAS contact angle analysis software attached to the above contact angle measuring instrument, and the contact angle between the glass substrate and the droplet was measured. The contact angle was calculated using the θ / 2 method. The analysis conditions are as follows. The results (water contact angle and HD contact angle) are shown in Table 4. Initially, the example showed good water repellency and oil repellency. [Analysis Conditions] Method: Droplet method (θ / 2 method) Droplet recognition: Automatic Droplet recognition line (distance from needle tip): 50 dots Algorithm: Automatic Image mode: Frame Threshold level: Automatic [Evaluation Criteria] Pure water contact angle ○: 105° or more △: 100° or more, less than 105° ×: Less than 100° HD contact angle ○: 40° or more △: 35° or more, less than 40° ×: Less than 35° 【0223】 【0224】Furthermore, the present invention can be described from yet another perspective as follows: <1> to <11> <1> <1> A water-repellent and oil-repellent composition for imparting water-repellent and oil-repellent properties to a substrate surface, comprising a polymer in which an acrylicoxy group or an α-substituted acrylicoxy group and two or three monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded via a trivalent or tetravalent linking group, and the two or three monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom in the trivalent or tetravalent linking group, wherein the polymer is a non-fluorinated water-repellent and oil-repellent composition, the <4> The water-repellent and oil-repellent composition according to any one of <1> to <3>, wherein the two or three monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups have 13 to 30 carbon atoms. <5> The water-repellent and oil-repellent composition according to any one of <1> to <3>, wherein the two or three monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups have 17 to 30 carbon atoms. <6> The water-repellent and oil-repellent composition according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the acrylate monomer has two monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, and the two monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups are bonded to the same nitrogen atom in a trivalent or tetravalent linking group. <7> The trivalent or tetravalent linking group is of the following formula * -O- ** * -C (=O)- ** * -O-C(=O)- ** * -C(=O)-O- ** * -C(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)- ** * -OC(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)-O- ** * -NH-C(=O)-NH- **A water-repellent and oil-repellent composition according to any one of <1> to <6>, comprising one or more carbon-1 to carbon-20 trivalent or tetravalent hydrocarbon groups selected from the formula (wherein * is a bond on the side of two or three monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, and ** is a bond on the side of an acrylic group or an α-substituted acrylic group). <8> A water-repellent and oil-repellent composition according to any one of <1> to <7>, which does not contain a polyisocyanate compound. <9> A water-repellent and oil-repellent composition according to any one of <1> to <8>, which is for a fibrous substrate. <10> A film formed by the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition according to any one of <1> to <8>. <11> An article having the film according to <10> on its surface.

Claims

The following general formula (1) [wherein, X is a monovalent organic group having a branched structure in which 2 or 3 monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 to 40 carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, and Y is a single bond or the following formula * -O- ** * -C(=O)- ** * -O-C(=O)- ** * -C(=O)-O- ** * -C(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)- ** * -O-C(=O)-NH- ** * -NH-C(=O)-O- ** * -NH-C(=O)-NH- ** (In the formula, * is combined with X in general formula (1), and ** is combined with Z in general formula (1).) A divalent organic group represented by either of the following, where Z is a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may contain one or more atoms selected from oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and silicon atoms, and V is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms that contains at least one polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond that may contain oxygen and / or nitrogen atoms. A polymer having a hydrocarbon-terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by as its monomer component, and not containing a fluorine atom in its structure. 　 In the above equation (1), X is the following equation (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 Each is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which can be linear, branched, or cyclic. 0 (where m is a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms in a linear, branched, or cyclic structure; m is an integer from 0 to 10; and * is a bond that connects to Y in general formula (1).) The polymer according to claim 1, wherein the group has a branched structure represented by any one of the following. 　 In the above equation (1), X is the following equation (In the formula, R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 Each of these is a linear, branched, or cyclic monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, m is an integer from 0 to 10, and * is a bond that connects to Y in general formula (1). A group having a branched structure represented by one of the following, R 1 and R 2 , R 3 and R 4 The polymer according to claim 1, wherein each of the elements is the same. 　 The polymer according to claim 1, wherein in formula (1) above, Z is a single bond or a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom. 　 The polymer according to claim 1, wherein in formula (1) above, V is a group represented by the following formula. (In the formula, * represents a bond that combines with Z in general formula (1), and R' represents a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.) The polymer according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) is a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing acrylic compound (α') represented by the following general formula (2). [In the formula, R 5 It is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which is linear, branched, or cyclic, and has two R 5 The same, m is an integer from 0 to 10, Z' is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom, and R' is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. The polymer according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) is a hydrocarbon terminal group-containing acrylic compound (α'') represented by the following general formula (3). [In the formula, R 6 It is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 10 to 40 carbon atoms, which is linear, branched, or cyclic, and has two R 6 The two are the same, where Z' is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may contain an oxygen atom and / or a nitrogen atom, and R' is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. The polymer according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) has a melting point of 20°C or higher. 　 The polymer according to claim 1, wherein, when the total amount of repeating units in the polymer is 100 mol%, the amount of repeating units formed from the hydrocarbon terminal group-containing monomer compound (α) represented by general formula (1) is 1 to 100 mol%. 　 Furthermore, the polymer according to claim 1, wherein a monomer compound (β) having a hydrophilic group is used as a monomer component. 　 The polymer according to claim 10, wherein the hydrophilic group is a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxylic acid group, a sulfonic acid group, a hydrolyzable silyl group, an oxyalkylene group, an anionic group, a cationic group, or an amphoteric group. 　 Furthermore, the polymer according to claim 1, wherein the monomer component is an acrylic compound (γ) represented by the following general formula (4). R 7 -Y 1 -C(=O)-C(-X 1 )=CH2 (4) (In the formula, R 7 This is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, but does not include a monovalent hydrocarbon group having a branched structure in which two monovalent hydrocarbon groups having 10 or more carbon atoms are bonded to the same atom, Y 1 is -O- or -NH-, X 1 (This refers to a hydrogen atom, a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom other than a fluorine atom.) 　 A water-repellent and oil-repellent composition comprising the polymer and solvent according to any one of claims 1 to 12. The water-repellent and oil-repellent composition according to claim 13, comprising a material that does not contain fluorine atoms. 　 A film formed by the water-repellent and oil-repellent composition described in claim 13. 　 An article having the coating described in claim 15 on its surface.

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