Communication method, first device, second device, communication system and storage medium

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a communication method, a first device, a second device, a communication system and a storage medium. The method comprises: determining a transmission power for a continuous wave (CW) node to transmit a CW, wherein the transmission power is a maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, and the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power. By means of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the reliability of uplink information transmission can be improved.

Description

Communication method, first device, second device, communication system and storage medium Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to communication methods, first devices, second devices, communication systems, and storage media. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) technology has emerged. In A-IoT, network devices can control continuous wave (CW) nodes to emit CW signals, and A-IoT devices can send information to network devices by reflecting the CW signals emitted by the CW nodes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Improving the reliability of uplink transmissions from devices is a technical problem that needs to be solved.

[0004] This disclosure provides a communication method, a first device, a second device, a communication system, and a storage medium.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is proposed, executed by a first device, the method comprising: determining the transmission power of a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting a CW, wherein the transmission power is a maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, the first transmission power being less than the maximum transmission power.

[0006] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a communication method is proposed, executed by a second device, the method comprising: receiving a CW transmitted by a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node; the transmission power of the CW being a maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, wherein the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power; and transmitting uplink information to a first device based on the CW.

[0007] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a first device is provided, comprising: a processing module configured to determine the transmission power of a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW, wherein the transmission power is a maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, wherein the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power.

[0008] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a second device is provided, comprising: a transceiver module for receiving a CW transmitted by a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node; wherein the transmission power of the CW is a maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, the first transmission power being less than the maximum transmission power; and transmitting uplink information to a first device based on the CW.

[0009] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a first device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the processors are configured to perform the communication method of the first aspect.

[0010] According to a sixth aspect of the present disclosure, a second device is provided, comprising: one or more processors; wherein the processors are configured to perform the communication method of the second aspect.

[0011] According to a seventh aspect of the present disclosure, a communication system is provided, including a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the communication method of the first aspect, and the second device is configured to implement the communication method of the second aspect.

[0012] According to an eighth aspect of the present disclosure, a storage medium is provided that stores instructions which, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the communication method of the first or second aspect.

[0013] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first device determines that the transmission power of the CW node is the maximum transmission power or the first transmission power. The CW node transmits the CW using the maximum transmission power or the first transmission power. The second device sends uplink information to the first device based on the CW transmitted by the CW node, which can improve the reliability of uplink information transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments are introduced below. The following drawings are only some embodiments of this disclosure and do not impose specific limitations on the protection scope of this disclosure.

[0015] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of a deployment structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0017] Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of another deployment structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0018] Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0019] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0022] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0023] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the chip structure proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This disclosure provides a communication method, a first device, a second device, a communication system, and a storage medium.

[0026] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure propose a communication method executed by a first device, the method comprising: determining the transmission power of a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting a CW, wherein the transmission power is a maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, and the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power.

[0027] In the above embodiments, the first device determines that the transmission power of the CW node is the maximum transmission power or the first transmission power. The CW node transmits the CW using the maximum transmission power or the first transmission power. The second device sends uplink information to the first device based on the CW transmitted by the CW node, which can improve the reliability of uplink information transmission.

[0028] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the CW is used by the second device to send uplink information to the first device.

[0029] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: determining the transmission power as the maximum transmission power.

[0030] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave CW node transmitting CW includes: determining that the transmission power is the maximum transmission power during the time when the second device transmits the first type of information.

[0031] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the start time point for sending the first type of information is determined based on a first time point and a first shortest duration, and the end time point for sending the first type of information is determined based on the first time point and a first longest duration; the first time point is the time point at which the first device sends downlink information, the first shortest duration is the shortest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information, and the first longest duration is the longest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information.

[0032] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the time for sending the first type of information is determined based on the start time point of the second device sending the first type of information and the duration of the second device sending the first type of information.

[0033] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first type of information includes at least one of the following: message Msg1; Msg3; response message.

[0034] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: a second device using repeated transmission to determine the transmission power as the maximum transmission power.

[0035] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: a second device using repeated transmission to determine the transmission power as a first transmission power.

[0036] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: the second device using repeated transmission with the number of repeated transmissions being less than or equal to a first threshold to determine the transmission power as the maximum transmission power; and the second device using repeated transmission with the number of repeated transmissions being greater than the first threshold to determine the transmission power as the first transmission power.

[0037] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: the second device using repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions being greater than a first threshold to determine the transmission power as the maximum transmission power; the second device using repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions being less than or equal to the first threshold to determine the transmission power as the first transmission power.

[0038] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: sending first information to a second device; wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: an indication to use repeatedly transmitted information; the number of times to repeatedly transmit; and the type of repeatedly transmitted.

[0039] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: if no uplink information is received from the second device within a first time period, determining that the transmission power is the maximum transmission power in the time period after the first time period.

[0040] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: determining that the transmission power is a first transmission power within a first time period; if no uplink information is received from the second device within the first time period, increasing the transmission power by a preset step size each time the second device retransmits the uplink information until a condition is met; the condition includes one of the following: the first device receives the uplink information; the transmission power reaches the maximum transmission power; the number of retransmissions reaches a second threshold.

[0041] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first device and the CW node device are the same device, or the first device and the CW node device are different devices.

[0042] Secondly, this disclosure provides a communication method executed by a second device, the method comprising: receiving a CW transmitted by a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node; the transmission power of the CW being a maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, wherein the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power; and transmitting uplink information to a first device based on the CW.

[0043] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power is the maximum transmission power.

[0044] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power is the maximum transmission power during the time the second device transmits the first type of information.

[0045] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the start time point for sending the first type of information is determined based on a first time point and a first shortest duration, and the end time point for sending the first type of information is determined based on the first time point and a first longest duration; the first time point is the time point at which the first device sends downlink information, the first shortest duration is the shortest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information, and the first longest duration is the longest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information.

[0046] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the time for sending the first type of information is determined based on the start time point of the second device sending the first type of information and the duration of the second device sending the first type of information.

[0047] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first type of information includes at least one of the following: message Msg1; Msg3; response message.

[0048] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second device uses repeated transmission, and the transmission power is the maximum transmission power.

[0049] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second device uses repeated transmission, and the transmission power is a first transmission power.

[0050] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the transmission power is the maximum transmission power; or, the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than the first threshold, and the transmission power is the first transmission power.

[0051] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than a first threshold, and the transmission power is the maximum transmission power; or, the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the transmission power is the first transmission power.

[0052] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving first information sent by the first device; determining, based on the first information, to use repeated transmission; wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the use of repeated transmission; the number of times repeated transmission is used; and the type of repeated transmission.

[0053] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the transmission power is the maximum transmission power during the time period after the first time period, and the first time period is the time period during which the first device does not receive uplink information sent by the second device.

[0054] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, during the first time period, the transmission power is a first transmission power, and the first time period is the time period during which the second device first transmits uplink information and the second device does not receive the uplink information; each time the second device repeatedly transmits the uplink information, the transmission power increases by a preset step size until the condition is met;

[0055] The conditions include one of the following: the first device receives the uplink information; the transmission power reaches the maximum transmission power; the number of repeated transmissions reaches the second threshold.

[0056] In conjunction with some embodiments of the second aspect, in some embodiments, the first device and the CW node device are the same device, or the first device and the CW node device are different devices.

[0057] Thirdly, this disclosure provides a first device, comprising: a processing module, configured to determine the transmission power of a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW, wherein the transmission power is a maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, and the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power.

[0058] Fourthly, this disclosure provides a second device, comprising: a transceiver module for receiving CW transmitted by a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node; wherein the transmission power of the CW is a maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, the first transmission power being less than the maximum transmission power; and transmitting uplink information to a first device based on the CW.

[0059] Fifthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a first device comprising: one or more processors; wherein the processors are configured to execute the communication method of the first aspect.

[0060] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a second device comprising: one or more processors; wherein the processors are configured to perform the communication method of the second aspect.

[0061] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a communication system including a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the communication method of the first aspect, and the second device is configured to implement the communication method of the second aspect.

[0062] Eighthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the communication method of the first or second aspect.

[0063] Ninthly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a program product that, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in the optional implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0064] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in an optional implementation of the first or second aspect.

[0065] Eleventhly, embodiments of this disclosure provide a chip or chip system. The chip or chip system includes processing circuitry configured to perform the methods described in optional implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0066] It is understood that the aforementioned network devices, terminals, communication systems, storage media, program products, computer programs, chips, or chip systems are all used to execute the methods proposed in the embodiments of this disclosure. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0067] This disclosure provides embodiments of a communication method, a first device, a second device, a communication system, and a storage medium. In some embodiments, the terms "communication method" and "information reporting method," "information receiving method," etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0068] This disclosure is not exhaustive, but merely illustrative of some embodiments, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this disclosure. Unless otherwise specified, each step in a particular embodiment can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the steps can be arbitrarily combined. For example, a solution after removing some steps in a particular embodiment can also be implemented as an independent embodiment, and the order of the steps in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily interchanged. Furthermore, the optional implementation methods in a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined; moreover, the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, for example, some or all steps of different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and a particular embodiment can be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementation methods of other embodiments.

[0069] In each of the disclosed embodiments, unless otherwise specified or in case of logical conflict, the terminology and / or descriptions of the embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. Technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments based on their inherent logical relationships.

[0070] The terminology used in the embodiments of this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of this disclosure.

[0071] In this embodiment of the disclosure, unless otherwise stated, elements expressed in the singular form, such as "a," "an," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "the," "this," etc., can mean "one and only one," or "one or more," "at least one," etc. For example, when using articles such as "a," "an," "the," etc. in translation, the noun following the article can be understood as either a singular expression or a plural expression.

[0072] In the embodiments disclosed herein, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0073] In some embodiments, the terms “at least one of”, “one or more”, “a plurality of”, “multiple”, etc., may be used interchangeably.

[0074] In some embodiments, the notation "at least one of A and B", "A and / or B", "A in one case, B in another", "in response to one case A, in response to another case B", etc., may include the following technical solutions depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execute A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execute B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed); in some embodiments, A and B (both A and B are executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0075] In some embodiments, the notation "A or B" may include the following technical solutions, depending on the situation: in some embodiments, A (execution of A regardless of B); in some embodiments, B (execution of B regardless of A); in some embodiments, execution is selected from A and B (A and B are selectively executed). The same applies when there are more branches such as A, B, C, etc.

[0076] The prefixes "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are merely for distinguishing different descriptive objects and do not impose restrictions on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the descriptive objects. The description of the descriptive objects is found in the claims or the context of the embodiments, and the use of prefixes should not constitute unnecessary restrictions. For example, if the descriptive object is a "field," the ordinal numbers preceding "field" in "first field" and "second field" do not restrict the position or order of the "fields." "First" and "second" do not restrict whether the "fields" they modify are in the same message, nor do they restrict the order of "first field" and "second field." Similarly, if the descriptive object is a "level," the ordinal numbers preceding "level" in "first level" and "second level" do not restrict the priority between "levels." Furthermore, the number of descriptive objects is not limited by ordinal numbers and can be one or more. For example, in "first device," the number of "devices" can be one or more. Furthermore, the objects modified by different prefixes can be the same or different. For example, if the object being described is "device", then "first device" and "second device" can be the same device or different devices, and their types can be the same or different. Similarly, if the object being described is "information", then "first information" and "second information" can be the same information or different information, and their content can be the same or different.

[0077] In some embodiments, “including A,” “containing A,” “for indicating A,” and “carrying A” can be interpreted as directly carrying A or indirectly indicating A.

[0078] In some embodiments, the terms “in response to…”, “in response to determining…”, “in the case of…”, “when…”, “if…”, “if…”, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0079] In some embodiments, the terms “greater than,” “greater than or equal to,” “not less than,” “more than,” “more than or equal to,” “not less than,” “higher than,” “higher than or equal to,” “not lower than,” and “above” can be used interchangeably, as can the terms “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not greater than,” “less than,” “less than or equal to,” “not more than,” “lower than,” “lower than or equal to,” “not higher than,” and “below”.

[0080] In some embodiments, devices, etc., can be interpreted as physical or virtual, and their names are not limited to the names recorded in the embodiments. Terms such as “device”, “equipment”, “circuit”, “network element”, “node”, “function”, “unit”, “section”, “system”, “network”, “chip”, “chip system”, “entity”, and “subject” can be used interchangeably.

[0081] In some embodiments, "network" can be interpreted as devices included in a network (e.g., access network devices, core network devices, etc.).

[0082] In some embodiments, the terms "access network device (AN device)," "radio access network device (RAN device)," "base station (BS)," "radio base station," "fixed station," "node," "access point," "transmission point (TP)," "reception point (RP)," "transmission / reception point (TRP)," "panel," "antenna panel," "antenna array," "cell," "macro cell," "small cell," "femto cell," "pico cell," "sector," "cell group," "serving cell," "carrier," "component carrier," and "bandwidth part (BWP)" can be used interchangeably.

[0083] In some embodiments, the terms "terminal", "terminal device", "user equipment (UE)", "user terminal", "mobile station (MS)", "mobile terminal (MT)", "subscriber station", "mobile unit", "subscriber unit", "wireless unit", "remote unit", "mobile device", "wireless device", "wireless communication device", "remote device", "mobile subscriber station", "access terminal", "mobile terminal", "wireless terminal", "remote terminal", "handset", "user agent", "mobile client", and "client" can be used interchangeably.

[0084] In some embodiments, access network devices, core network devices, or network devices can be replaced by terminals. For example, embodiments of this disclosure can also be applied to structures where communication between access network devices, core network devices, or network devices and terminals is replaced by communication between multiple terminals (e.g., device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, the structure can also be configured such that the terminal has all or part of the functions of the access network device. Furthermore, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to communication between terminals (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can be replaced with sidelink channel, and uplink link, downlink, etc., can be replaced with sidelink link.

[0085] In some embodiments, the terminal may be replaced by an access network device, a core network device, or a network device. In this case, the access network device, core network device, or network device may also be configured to have all or some of the functions of the terminal.

[0086] In some embodiments, the acquisition of data, information, etc., may comply with the laws and regulations of the country where the location is situated.

[0087] In some embodiments, data, information, etc., may be obtained with the user's consent.

[0088] Furthermore, each element, each row, or each column in the table of this disclosure can be implemented as an independent embodiment, and any combination of any element, any row, or any column can also be implemented as an independent embodiment.

[0089] Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0090] As shown in Figure 1A, the communication system 100 includes a first device 101 and a second device 102.

[0091] In some embodiments, the first device 101 may be a network device or a terminal. The first device 101 may serve as a base station, an intermediate node, or a node other than an intermediate node in the Internet of Things.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first device 101 can control the CW node to send CW signals, and the second device 102 can reflect the CW signals to form a reflected wave, which is then sent to the first device 101. The first device 101 and the CW node can be the same device or different devices.

[0093] In some embodiments, the second device 102 may be an A-IoT device or a 6G IoT device, but is not limited thereto. An A-IoT device may also be referred to as an A-IoT device, an A-IoT terminal, an A-IoT tag, etc.

[0094] In some embodiments, the terminal may be a user equipment (UE), including, but not limited to, at least one of the following: mobile phone, wearable device, Internet of Things device, car with communication function, smart car, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver function, virtual reality (VR) terminal device, augmented reality (AR) terminal device, wireless terminal device in industrial control, wireless terminal device in self-driving, wireless terminal device in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal device in smart grid, wireless terminal device in transportation safety, wireless terminal device in smart city, and wireless terminal device in smart home.

[0095] In some embodiments, a network device can be a functional network element within a core network device. The core network device can be a single device, including a first network element, a second network element, etc., or it can be multiple devices or a group of devices, each including all or part of the first network element, the second network element, etc. Network elements can be virtual or physical. The core network includes, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), and a Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0096] In some embodiments, the network device may include at least one of an access network device and a core network device.

[0097] In some embodiments, the access network device is, for example, a node or device that connects a terminal to a wireless network. The access network device may include, but is not limited to, at least one of the following in a 5G communication system: evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), next-generation Node B (gNB), node B (NB), home node B (HNB), home evolved node B (HeNB), radio backhaul device, radio network controller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), base band unit (BBU), mobile switching center, base station in a 6G communication system, open RAN, cloud RAN, base station in other communication systems, and access node in a Wi-Fi system.

[0098] In some embodiments, the technical solutions of this disclosure can be applied to the Open RAN architecture. In this case, the interfaces between or within access network devices involved in the embodiments of this disclosure can be transformed into internal interfaces of Open RAN. The processes and information interactions between these internal interfaces can be implemented by software or programs.

[0099] In some embodiments, the access network device may be composed of a central unit (CU) and a distributed unit (DU). The CU may also be called a control unit. The CU-DU structure can separate the protocol layer of the access network device. Some of the protocol layer functions are centrally controlled by the CU, while the remaining part or all of the protocol layer functions are distributed in the DU and centrally controlled by the CU. However, this is not the only possibility.

[0100] In some embodiments, a core network device may be a single device comprising one or more network elements, or it may be multiple devices or a group of devices, each comprising all or part of the aforementioned one or more network elements. Network elements may be virtual or physical. The core network may include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), or a Next Generation Core (NGC).

[0101] It is understood that the communication system described in this disclosure is for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this disclosure, and does not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of system architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions proposed in this disclosure are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0102] The following embodiments of this disclosure can be applied to the communication system 100 shown in FIG1A, or to some of the main bodies, but are not limited thereto. The main bodies shown in FIG1A are illustrative. The communication system may include all or some of the main bodies in FIG1A, or it may include other main bodies outside of FIG1A. The number and form of each main body are arbitrary. Each main body may be physical or virtual. The connection relationship between the main bodies is illustrative. The main bodies may not be connected or may be connected. The connection can be in any way, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection, it can be a wired connection or a wireless connection.

[0103] The embodiments disclosed herein can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G new radio (NR), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), and IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB), Bluetooth (a registered trademark), Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) networks, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) systems, systems utilizing other communication methods, and next-generation systems built upon them, etc. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., a combination of LTE or LTE-A with 5G).

[0104] In the A-IoT Internet of Things, the number of A-IoT terminals (such as A-IoT UE, A-IoT device, and A-IoT tag) that can be accessed in the network is large, and they have simple structure, low hardware and maintenance costs, low power consumption, and can usually not need to replace batteries for a long time.

[0105] IoT technology can be applied to scenarios involving large-scale inventory management, such as A-IoT devices reporting Electronic Product Codes (EPCs) to the network / intermediate node X / UE. It can also be applied to sensing scenarios such as smart homes and environmental monitoring, where A-IoT devices report data when certain trigger conditions are met. IoT technology can also be used in location-based scenarios, such as locating items or pinpointing locations within a shopping mall. Furthermore, IoT technology can be used in command-based scenarios, such as responding to commands sent by network devices.

[0106] In some embodiments, the A-IoT device has a peak power of 1 μW, energy storage capability, an initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10X ppm, and neither downlink (DL) nor uplink (UL) amplification is present in the device. The device's UL transmission is backscattered on an externally provided carrier.

[0107] In some embodiments, the peak power of the A-IoT device is less than or equal to several hundred μW, has energy storage capabilities, and an SFO of up to 10Xppm, allowing for DL ​​and / or UL amplification within the device. The UL transmission of the device can be generated internally or backscattered on an externally provided carrier.

[0108] In some embodiments, A-IoT devices can be categorized into the following types:

[0109] Device 1: Peak power consumption is 1μW, it can store energy, it cannot independently generate / amplify signals, it uses a backscatter working mode, and it does not have the ability to amplify DL and / or UL signals.

[0110] Device 2a: Peak power consumption is several hundred μW, it has energy storage capability, it cannot generate signals independently, and it uses a backscattering operating mode; the stored energy can be used for DL ​​and / or UL signal amplification.

[0111] Device 2b: Peak power consumption is several hundred μW, with energy storage capabilities, and it can independently generate signals, such as an active signal transmission radio frequency (RF) module. Alternatively, it can simultaneously possess the ability to actively transmit information and backscatter.

[0112] Furthermore, Device 1 and Device 2a, which can only operate using backscattering, cannot actively transmit signals. When they need to transmit information, they require an external source to provide a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) for backscattering. The CW is generally of constant amplitude. A CW node can be a single node or a network / intermediate node (e.g., UE) communicating with the device. The A-IoT device reflects the received CW, loading the signaling / data to be transmitted onto the reflected wave and sending it out. The reflected wave and the CW are at the same frequency or have a certain frequency offset. Simultaneously, the CW also serves to power the A-IoT device. For example, when a Type 1 device receives a wireless signal CW, it activates its internal receiving and processing module to encode and modulate the signaling / data that the A-IoT device needs to upload.

[0113] In some embodiments, A-IoT network devices include networks, terminals, intermediate nodes, auxiliary nodes, etc. Intermediate nodes can be relays, integrated access and backhaul (IAB) nodes, terminals, or repeaters.

[0114] Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of one deployment structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1C is a schematic diagram of another deployment structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0115] In some embodiments, A-IoT devices can support two deployment structures: Topology 1 as shown in Figure 1B and Topology 2 as shown in Figure 1C.

[0116] In Topology 1, A-IoT devices and networks (e.g., base stations, BS) directly receive and transmit DL and UL data.

[0117] In Topology 2, A-IoT devices and networks (e.g., BS) indirectly receive and transmit DL and UL data through intermediate nodes; the intermediate nodes are used for data forwarding, and data transmission between the intermediate nodes and the BS is carried out through the Uu interface.

[0118] In some embodiments of a passive Internet of Things (IoT) system, the data sent by the terminal may be of the following types:

[0119] Type 1: Based on network demand report data, such as inventory, i.e. DO-DTT service. DO-DTT refers to a service that is initiated by the device but needs to be triggered by the reader (Device-originated–device-terminated triggered).

[0120] Type 2: Based on environmental IoT triggering, such as when the temperature of a sensor exceeds a configured threshold, i.e., DO service, which refers to device-originated service;

[0121] Type 3: Periodic Data Reporting: Based on the self-triggered environmental IoT, periodic environmental IoT data reporting is achieved, namely DO-A service, which refers to device-originated-autonomous service;

[0122] Type 4: The network side sends a command, and the device performs corresponding operations based on the command. This is called DT service, which refers to the service terminated by the device.

[0123] In 6G A-IoT, further research is needed on application scenarios for sensors and positioning. Sensors refer to devices that can perceive their surroundings and obtain environmental information such as temperature and humidity. This requires support for device-initiated services, i.e., DO-A services. DO-A services typically involve periodic uplink transmissions without requiring network device triggering, thus supporting environmental awareness applications. In positioning scenarios, through information exchange between network devices and terminals, the network device obtains the terminal's location information.

[0124] Currently, how to control the transmission power of CW is under investigation. The transmission power of CW is controlled by network equipment (base station or intermediate UE). It can be controlled by transmitting CW with a pre-configured constant power value, or by controlling the transmission power of CW in a dynamic way (similar to the closed-loop plus open-loop power control method in NR).

[0125] In NR, the power control of the uplink signal can be achieved through a closed-loop plus open-loop mechanism. For example, the uplink transmission of the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) is determined by formula (1).

[0126] Among them, P O_PUSCH,b,f,c(j) represents the target receive power of the PUSCH configured by the base station. α represents the power value of PUSCH over the transmission bandwidth. b,f,c (j) represents the road loss compensation parameter, PL b,f,c (q d ) represents the path loss between the base station and the UE calculated by the UE based on the reference signal, Δ TF,b,f,c (i) represents determining the power increment based on the modulation scheme and channel coding rate, f b,f,c (i,l) represents the closed-loop power control adjustment value, which mainly takes into account the impact of short-term channel fading (small-scale fading) and interference on the uplink signal. It is the adjustment value determined by the base station and the power adjustment value indicated in the Transmit Power Control (TPC) command carried in the Downlink Control Information (DCI) so that the uplink signal meets the requirements of the target Bluetooth Low Energy Remote (BLER).

[0127] Referring to formula (1), the specific dynamic control of CW transmission can be achieved as shown in formula (2).

[0128] CW transmit power = UR target receive power + k * round-trip power loss - device power amplification value + waveform variable + TPC (2)

[0129] Here, UR (uplink reader) target received power refers to the target received power of the uplink reader, i.e., the target received power on the reader side. This parameter is determined by the network device configuration parameters. Round-trip power loss is determined by the network device based on measurements, taking into account large-scale fading during signal transmission. Round-trip power loss equals the difference between the CW transmit power and the D2R signal power received by the reader from the device. k is a path loss compensation parameter, with a value of [0,1]. TPC value is a power adjustment value, which is a power adjustment value indicated by the network device to the CW node, and the CW increases or decreases its power based on this value.

[0130] The transmission power of CW directly determines the power of device-to-reader (D2R) transmission, which in turn directly determines the reliability of uplink D2R transmission. Therefore, in order to improve uplink reliability, it is advisable to use the maximum transmission power to transmit CW.

[0131] Figure 2 is an interactive schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a communication method, which includes:

[0132] Step S2101: The first device 101 determines the transmission power of the CW node for transmitting CW.

[0133] In some embodiments, the transmission power is the maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, wherein the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power.

[0134] In some embodiments, the first device can determine the transmission power of the CW node transmitting CW, and the first device can control the transmission power of the CW node transmitting CW. The transmission power of CW can be the maximum transmission power or the first transmission power, wherein the maximum transmission power refers to the maximum power that the CW node can achieve when transmitting CW, and the first transmission power can be a transmission power less than the maximum transmission power. The first transmission power can also be the transmission power determined by a closed-loop plus open-loop mechanism, such as the transmission power determined by the above formula (2).

[0135] In some embodiments, CW is used by the second device to send uplink information to the first device.

[0136] In some embodiments, the first device may be a reader, a network device, or a terminal. The first device may serve as a base station, an intermediate node, or a node other than an intermediate node in the Internet of Things (IoT). The second device may be an A-IoT device or a 6G IoT device, but is not limited thereto. An A-IoT device may also be referred to as an A-IoT device, an A-IoT terminal, an A-IoT tag, etc.

[0137] In some embodiments, the first device can control the CW node to send CW, and the second device can reflect the CW to form a reflected wave and send the reflected wave to the first device.

[0138] In some embodiments, the first device and the CW node device are the same device, or the first device and the CW node device are different devices.

[0139] In some embodiments, the CW node broadcasts the CW. After receiving the CW from the CW node, the second device can reflect the received CW, load the signaling or data to be transmitted onto the reflected wave, and send it out. That is, the second device sends uplink information to the first device based on the received CW. The uplink information can be device-to-reader (D2R) information.

[0140] The following explains how the first device determines the transmission power of the CW node for transmitting CW.

[0141] In an exemplary embodiment, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: determining the transmission power as the maximum transmission power.

[0142] In some embodiments, the first device can determine that the transmission power of the CW node for transmitting CW is the maximum transmission power, that is, the first device can control the CW node to always use the maximum transmission power to transmit CW.

[0143] In this embodiment of the disclosure, since the transmission power of CW directly determines the power of the second device in transmitting uplink information, that is, directly determines the reliability of transmitting uplink information, the first device controls the CW node to transmit CW at the maximum transmission power, which can improve the reliability of the second device in transmitting uplink information.

[0144] In an exemplary embodiment, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: determining that the transmission power is the maximum transmission power during the time when the second device transmits the first type of information.

[0145] In some embodiments, the first device can determine that the transmission power is at its maximum during the time period when the second device transmits the first type of information. Here, the time period for transmitting the first type of information refers to the time interval required for the second device to transmit the first type of information; it can be understood as the second device being able to transmit the first type of information at any point within that time interval. The first device knows the time interval during which the second device transmits the first type of information. For example, the first device can indicate the time resources for transmitting the first type of information to the second device. Based on the time interval during which the second device transmits the first type of information, the first device controls the CW node to transmit CW at its maximum transmission power within that time interval, ensuring that the CW received by the second device during that time interval is transmitted using the maximum transmission power. Therefore, when the second device transmits uplink information to the first device based on the CW, the reliability of uplink information transmission can be improved.

[0146] In some embodiments, the first device can determine the transmission power of the CW based on the type of information transmitted by the second device. For example, when the information transmitted by the second device belongs to the first type of information, the transmission power of the CW is determined to be the maximum transmission power to improve the reliability of the second device in transmitting the first type of information.

[0147] In some embodiments, the first type of information includes at least one of the following: message Msg1; Msg3; response message.

[0148] The Msg1 sent by the second device is carried in D2R information, that is, in the physical device to reader channel (PDRCH).

[0149] The response (ACK) message sent by the second device can be a response message to the command sent by the first device. The command sent by the first device can be, for example, a write, read, lock, or kill command. The command sent by the first device is carried in the reader to device (R2D) information, that is, carried in the physical reader to device channel (PRDCH). The response message sent by the second device is carried in the D2R information, that is, carried in the PDRCH.

[0150] In some embodiments, the time for sending the first type of information refers to the time period required for the second device to send the first type of information. It can be understood as the second device sending the first type of information at a certain point in time within that time period. The time for sending the first type of information can be determined in the following ways.

[0151] In an exemplary embodiment, the start time point for sending the first type of information is determined based on a first time point and a first shortest duration, and the end time point for sending the first type of information is determined based on a first time point and a first longest duration; the first time point is the time point at which the first device sends downlink information, the first shortest duration is the shortest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information, and the first longest duration is the longest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information.

[0152] In some embodiments, the first device sends downlink information to the second device, which may be R2D information. The first device can determine the time when the second device sends the first type of information by the time relationship between the R2D information and the D2R information. The time point at which the first device sends the downlink information can be called the first time point, which can be represented by t1. The minimum time between a R2D transmission and the corresponding D2R transmission following it can be called the first minimum time, which can be represented by T. R2D_min This means that the longest time from when the first device sends downlink information to when the second device sends uplink information can be called the first longest time, and the first longest time can be represented by T. R2D_maxThis indicates that the first device can use the sum of the first time point and the first shortest duration as the start time point for sending the first type of information, and the sum of the first time point and the first longest duration as the end time point for sending the first type of information. Therefore, the time range for the second device to send the first type of information is [t1+T]. R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max ].

[0153] For example, the first type of information is Msg1 and / or Msg3. During random access, during the time period when the second device needs to send Msg1 and the time period when it needs to send Msg3, the CW node sends CW at the maximum transmission power Pcmax. The second device can determine the time when it sends Msg1 and Msg3 by the time relationship between R2D information and D2R information. That is, if the first device sends R2D at the first time point t1, then the second device will send Msg1 and Msg3 within the time range [t1+T]. R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max Send D2R within ], that is, send Msg1 and Msg3.

[0154] For example, the first type of information is a response message. In a command service, the first device sends a command to the second device. After the second device receives the command and executes the corresponding operation, it sends an ACK message back to the first device. After the second device sends the command, the first device determines the time for the second device to send the response message based on the time relationship between R2D and D2R. That is, if the first device sends the command at time point t1, the second device will send the response message within the time range [t1+T]. R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max Send ACK within ]

[0155] In an exemplary embodiment, the time for sending the first type of information is determined based on the start time of the second device sending the first type of information and the duration of the second device sending the first type of information.

[0156] In some embodiments, the first device knows the time resources for the second device to send the first type of information, that is, the first device knows the start time point of the second device sending the first type of information and the duration of the second device sending the first type of information. The first device can determine the time to send the first type of information based on the start time point of the second device sending the first type of information and the duration of the second device sending the first type of information.

[0157] For example, the first type of information is Msg1 and / or Msg3. The first device knows the time period for the second device to send Msg1 and the time period for sending Msg3. For example, the first device can indicate the time resources for sending Msg1 and Msg3 in the R2D control information, which includes the start position and / or duration of the transmission.

[0158] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first device can determine the transmission power of CW based on at least one of whether the second device uses repeated transmission, the number of repeated transmissions, and the type of repeated transmission.

[0159] In an exemplary embodiment, determining the transmission power of a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: a second device using repeated transmission to determine the transmission power as the maximum transmission power.

[0160] In some embodiments, during the period when the second device uses repeated transmission, the first device determines that the transmission power of the CW node for transmitting CW is the maximum transmission power, that is, the first device controls the CW node to use the maximum transmission power to transmit CW.

[0161] In some embodiments, the second device uses repeated transmissions to determine the CW's transmission power as the maximum transmission power, which can improve the reliability of the second device's uplink transmission.

[0162] In an exemplary embodiment, determining the transmission power of a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: a second device using repeated transmission to determine the transmission power as a first transmission power.

[0163] In some embodiments, during the period when the second device uses repeated transmission, the first device determines the transmission power of the CW node to transmit CW as the first transmission power, that is, the first device controls the CW node to use the first transmission power to transmit CW. The first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power, that is, the first device controls the CW node to use a transmission power less than the maximum transmission power to transmit CW.

[0164] In some embodiments, the second device uses repeated transmission to determine that the transmission power of CW is a first transmission power that is less than the maximum transmission power. Since the second device knows that repeated transmission has been used, it means that strong coverage can be obtained. Therefore, it can control the CW node to transmit CW using the first transmission power.

[0165] In an exemplary embodiment, determining the transmission power of a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: determining the transmission power as the maximum transmission power by using repeated transmission with the number of repeated transmissions being less than or equal to a first threshold; and determining the transmission power as the first transmission power by using repeated transmission with the number of repeated transmissions being greater than the first threshold.

[0166] For example, if the first threshold is 1 time, and the second device uses repeated transmission for uplink transmission, and the number of repetitions is less than or equal to the first threshold of 1, then the first device controls the CW node to transmit CW using the maximum transmission power Pcmax; if the second device uses repeated transmission for uplink transmission, and the number of repetitions is greater than the first threshold of 1, then the first device controls the CW node to transmit CW using a power less than the maximum transmission power Pcmax.

[0167] In an exemplary embodiment, determining the transmission power of a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW includes: determining the transmission power as the maximum transmission power by using repeated transmission with the number of repeated transmissions exceeding a first threshold; and determining the transmission power as the first transmission power by using repeated transmission with the number of repeated transmissions less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0168] For example, if the first threshold is 1 time, and the second device uses repeated transmission for uplink transmission, and the number of repetitions is greater than the first threshold 1, then the first device controls the CW node to transmit CW using the maximum transmission power Pcmax; if the second device uses repeated transmission for uplink transmission, and the number of repetitions is less than or equal to the first threshold 1, then the first device controls the CW node to transmit CW using a power less than the maximum transmission power Pcmax.

[0169] In an exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: the first device sending first information to the second device; wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: information indicating repeated transmission; the number of times repeated transmission is performed; and the type of repeated transmission.

[0170] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first device may instruct the second device to use at least one of repeated transmission, repeated transmission count, and repeated transmission type. That is, the first device may instruct the second device to use the aforementioned first information. If the first device can instruct the second device to use the first information, the first device may determine that the second device uses repeated transmission.

[0171] In some embodiments, the first device may indicate first information through downlink physical layer control signaling. If the first device indicates first information in downlink physical layer control signaling, it means that subsequent D2R transmissions use repeated transmissions.

[0172] In some embodiments, the first device may indicate first information via higher-layer signaling. If the first device indicates first information in higher-layer signaling, it means that subsequent D2R transmissions use repeated transmissions.

[0173] In some embodiments, the number of times the transmission is repeated can be indicated using N bits, where N is a positive integer.

[0174] In some embodiments, the type of repeated transmission may include bit-level type 1 repetition, bit-level type 2 repetition, and transport block (TB) level repetition. The type of repeated transmission can be indicated using 2 bits, for example, using 00 to indicate bit-level type 1 repetition, using 01 to indicate bit-level type 2 repetition, using 10 to indicate TB level repetition, and using 11 as a reserved bit.

[0175] In this context, bit-level type 1 repetition refers to the information bits being repeated K times after a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) is added. For example, if the information bits are 9 bits, the CRC is 6 bits, and K is 3, then bit-level type 1 repetition means the first information bit is repeated 3 times, then the second information bit is repeated 3 times, and so on, until all information bits have been repeated, and then each bit of the CRC is repeated 3 times in sequence. Bit-level type 2 repetition refers to the information bits being repeated K times after both CRC and Forward Error Correction (FEC) encoding is added. For example, if the information bits are 9 bits, the CRC is 6 bits, the FEC is 6 bits, and K is 3, then bit-level type 1 repetition means the first information bit is repeated 3 times, then the second information bit is repeated 3 times, and so on, until all information bits have been repeated, and then each bit of the CRC is repeated 3 times in sequence, and finally each bit of the FEC is repeated 3 times in sequence. TB-level repetition refers to the information bits being repeated together with the CRC after the CRC is added, repeating K times, that is, the information bits and CRC are repeated as a whole K times.

[0176] For example, in R2D downlink control information, 1 bit is used to indicate whether repetition is used in the uplink. A bit value of 1 indicates that subsequent D2R transmissions will use repetition, and a bit value of 0 indicates that subsequent D2R transmissions will not use repetition. Alternatively, N bits can be used to indicate the number of repetitions, such as a maximum of 16 repetitions, or 4 bits can be used to indicate the number of repetitions. Or, 2 bits can be used to indicate the type of repetition.

[0177] In an exemplary embodiment, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node for transmitting CW includes: if no uplink information is received from the second device within a first time period, determining that the transmission power is the maximum transmission power for the time period after the first time period.

[0178] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the first time period may be the time when the second device sends the first type of information.

[0179] In some embodiments, the start time of the first time period is determined based on the first time point and the first shortest duration, and the end time of the time for sending the first type of information is determined based on the first time point and the first longest duration; the first time point is the time point when the first device sends downlink information, the first shortest duration is the shortest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information, and the first longest duration is the longest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information.

[0180] In some embodiments, the first time period is determined based on the start time of the second device sending the first type of information and the duration of the second device sending the first type of information.

[0181] In some embodiments, the first device controls the CW to transmit using the maximum transmit power based on the time relationship between R2D transmission and D2R transmission.

[0182] In some embodiments, the first device sends downlink information at a first time point t1, and in [t1+T] R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max If the first device does not receive uplink information from the second device within this time frame, then in the subsequent time, the first device controls the CW node to send CW at the maximum transmission power to improve the reliability of uplink transmission.

[0183] For example, during random access, after the first device sends a paging message at t1, in [t1+T] R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max If the first device does not receive Msg1 from the second device within this time frame, then in t1+T R2D_max After that, the CW node transmits CW at maximum transmission power.

[0184] For example, in command services, the second device supports feedback response messages for downlink information sent by the first device. After the first device sends a command at time t1, the first device responds within the time range [t1+T]. R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max If no response message is received from the second device, then at t1+T R2D_max After that, the CW node transmits CW at maximum transmission power.

[0185] In an exemplary embodiment, determining the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node for transmitting CW includes: determining that the transmission power is a second transmission power within a first time period; if no uplink information is received from the second device within the first time period, increasing the transmission power by a preset step size each time the second device repeatedly transmits uplink information until a condition is met; the condition includes one of the following: the first device receives uplink information; the transmission power reaches the maximum transmission power; the number of repeated transmissions reaches a second threshold.

[0186] In some embodiments, the second transmission power may be a pre-configured initial transmission power P0, which is less than the maximum transmission power.

[0187] In some embodiments, the first device determines the power at which the CW node transmits CW as a second transmission power, and the first device sends downlink information to the second device. If no uplink information is received from the second device within a first time period, the first device increases the transmission power of the CW node by a preset step size, and the second device retransmits. If the first device still does not receive uplink information from the second device within the time period of the first retransmission by the second device, the first device increases the transmission power of the CW node by another preset step size, and the second device retransmits, until the first device receives uplink information, or until the CW transmission power reaches the maximum transmission power, or until the number of retransmissions reaches a second threshold. The second threshold may be the same as or different from the first threshold.

[0188] For example, the first device sends R2D at time t1, within the time range [t1+T]. R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max If no D2R is received from the second device within the specified time, the second device will retransmit. During the retransmission time of the second device, the CW node increases its transmission power in steps of ΔP. The CW uses a power of P0 + N × ΔP (1 ≤ N ≤ Nmax) for transmission, where N is the number of times the second device retransmits.

[0189] In some embodiments, the retransmission frequency and the maximum number of retransmissions (Nmax) can be configured via higher-layer signaling or indicated in the R2D physical layer control signaling, and the initial transmit power P0 of the CW can be configured via higher-layer signaling. Higher-layer signaling can be, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.

[0190] In some embodiments, the value of P0+N×△P is less than or equal to Pcmax.

[0191] For example, during random access, the first device sends Msg2 at time point t1, within the time range [t1+T]. R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max If the first device does not receive Msg3 from the second device, and the first device instructs the second device to retransmit Msg3 (also known as retransmission), the CW node transmits Msg3 with a power value of P0+ΔP during the first retransmission. If the first device still does not receive Msg3, the second device retransmits it again, and the CW node transmits it with a power value of P0+2ΔP until the first device receives Msg3, at which point the CW transmission power value is no longer increased.

[0192] For example, during random access, the first device sends Msg2 at time t1, within the time range [t1+T]. R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_maxIf the first device does not receive Msg3 from the second device, and the first device instructs the second device to retransmit Msg3 (also known as retransmission), the CW node transmits Msg3 at a power value of P0+ΔP during the first retransmission. If the first device still does not receive Msg3, the second device retransmits it again, and the CW node transmits it at a power value of P0+2ΔP. If the first device still does not receive Msg3, the second device continues to retransmit it a third time, until the CW node transmits CW at the maximum transmission power Pcmax.

[0193] In step S2102, the first device 101 sends an indication message to the CW node.

[0194] In some embodiments, the first device and the CW node are different devices. After determining the transmission power of the CW, the first device can indicate the transmission power to the CW node through indication information, and the CW node transmits the CW based on the transmission power determined by the first device.

[0195] In some embodiments, the first device and the CW node are the same device, in which case step S2102 can be omitted.

[0196] Step S2103, the CW node provides CW.

[0197] In some embodiments, the CW node may provide CW to the second device 102.

[0198] In some embodiments, CW nodes may broadcast CW messages.

[0199] In some embodiments, the second device 102 receives a CW sent by the CW node.

[0200] In step S2104, the second device 102 sends uplink information to the first device 101.

[0201] In some embodiments, the first device 101 receives uplink information sent by the second device 102.

[0202] In some embodiments, the second device 102 can reflect the received CW, load the uplink information onto the reflected wave, and send it to the first device 101.

[0203] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S2101 to S2104. For example, step S2101 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S2101+S2102 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S2101+S2102+S2103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S2101+S2103+S2104 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, but is not limited thereto.

[0204] In some embodiments, step S2102 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0205] In some embodiments, step S2103 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0206] In some embodiments, step S2104 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0207] In some embodiments, other optional implementations described before or after the specification corresponding to FIG2 may be referred to.

[0208] In some embodiments, the names of information, etc., are not limited to the names described in the embodiments. Terms such as "information", "message", "signal", "signaling", "report", "configuration", "indication", "instruction", "command", "channel", "parameter", "domain", "field", "symbol", "symbol", "codebook", "codeword", "codepoint", "bit", "data", "program", and "chip" can be used interchangeably.

[0209] In some embodiments, terms such as “moment,” “point in time,” “time,” and “time location” can be used interchangeably, as can terms such as “duration,” “segment,” “time window,” “window,” and “time.”

[0210] In some embodiments, “get,” “obtain,” “receive,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” and “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably and can be interpreted as receiving from other entities, obtaining from protocols, obtaining from higher layers, obtaining through self-processing, or autonomous implementation, among other meanings.

[0211] In some embodiments, terms such as “send,” “transmit,” “report,” “distribute,” “transmit,” “bidirectional transmission,” “send and / or receive” can be used interchangeably.

[0212] In some embodiments, terms such as "certain," "preset," "default," "set," "indicated," "a certain," "any," and "first" can be used interchangeably. "Certain A," "preset A," "default A," "set A," "indicated A," "a certain A," "any A," and "first A" can be interpreted as A pre-defined in a protocol or the like, or as A obtained through setting, configuration, or instruction, or as specific A, a certain A, any A, or first A, but are not limited thereto.

[0213] In some embodiments, the determination or judgment can be made by a value represented by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a true or false value (boolean), or by a comparison of numerical values ​​(e.g., a comparison with a predetermined value), but is not limited thereto.

[0214] In some embodiments, "not expecting to receive" can be interpreted as not receiving on time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources, or as not performing subsequent processing on the data after receiving it; "not expecting to send" can be interpreted as not sending, or as sending but not expecting the receiver to respond to the sent content.

[0215] Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 3, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0216] Step S3101: The first device determines the transmission power of the CW node for transmitting CW.

[0217] The optional implementation of step S3101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2101 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0218] Step S3102: The first device sends an indication message to the CW node.

[0219] The optional implementation of step S3102 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2102 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0220] In some embodiments, the first device and the CW node are the same device, in which case step S3102 can be omitted.

[0221] In step S3103, the first device receives the uplink information sent by the second device.

[0222] The optional implementation of step S3103 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2104 in Figure 2, as well as other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0223] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S3101 to S3103. For example, step S3101 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, step S3101+S3102 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment, and step S3101+S3103 may be implemented as a standalone embodiment.

[0224] In some embodiments, step S3102 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0225] In some embodiments, step S3103 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0226] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 4, the present disclosure relates to a communication method, which includes:

[0227] Step S4101: The second device receives the CW sent by the CW node.

[0228] The optional implementation of step S4101 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2103 in Figure 2, as well as other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0229] In step S4102, the second device sends uplink information to the first device.

[0230] The optional implementation of step S4102 can be found in the optional implementation of step S2104 in Figure 2 and other related parts in the embodiments involved in Figure 2, which will not be repeated here.

[0231] The communication method involved in the embodiments of this disclosure may include at least one of steps S4101 to S4102. For example, step S4101 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, and step S4102 may be implemented as a separate embodiment, but are not limited thereto.

[0232] In some embodiments, step S4101 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0233] In some embodiments, step S4102 is optional, and one or more of these steps may be omitted or substituted in different embodiments.

[0234] The communication method provided in this disclosure assumes that the maximum transmit power of the CW is Pcmax, which is a power value defined in the communication protocol. The transmit power of the CW is controlled by a reader, which can be a base station or an intermediate UE.

[0235] Option 1: CW will always use the maximum transmission power Pcmax for transmission.

[0236] Option 2: The reader controls whether the CW node uses the maximum transmission power Pcmax to send the message based on the type of information being sent.

[0237] Example 1: During the random access process, in the time periods T1 and T2 when the device needs to send msg1 and msg3, the CW node sends them with the maximum transmission power Pcmax.

[0238] The reader knows when the device sends msg1 and msg3. For example, the reader indicates the time resources for sending msg1 and msg3 in the R2D control information, including the start position and / or duration of the transmission; or, the reader determines the time when the device sends msg1 and msg3 based on the time relationship between the R2D and D2R information. That is, if the reader sends R2D at time t1, the device will send msg1 and msg3 within the time range [t1+T]. R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max Send D2R within ], that is, send msg1 and msg3.

[0239] The device sends msg1 and msg3, which are carried in D2R signals, that is, in the physical device to reader channel (PDRCH).

[0240] Example 2: If the device supports sending an ACK message for the R2D signal sent by the reader, then the CW node will send the ACK message at the maximum transmission power Pcmax within the time T during which the device sends the ACK message.

[0241] Example: For command-based services, the reader sends a command, the device receives the command and executes the corresponding operation, then the device sends an ACK back to the reader. After sending the R2D command, the reader knows when the device will send the ACK based on the R2D and D2R time relationship. That is, if the reader sends the command at time t1, the device will send the ACK within the time range [t1+T]. R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max Send ACK within ]

[0242] The reader sends a command, which is carried in the R2D signal, that is, in the physical reader to device channel (PRDCH).

[0243] The commands in the command list include: write, read, lock, kill, etc.

[0244] Option 3: The reader determines whether to control the CW node to use the maximum transmission power Pcmax for transmission based on whether the uplink is repeatedly transmitted and / or the number of times it is repeatedly transmitted and / or the type of repeated transmission.

[0245] Example 1: When uplink D2R transmission uses repetition, the reader controls the CW node to use the maximum transmission power.

[0246] The reader determines whether the device uses duplicates for uplink transmissions in the following way.

[0247] Method 1: If the reader indicates at least one of the following information in the downlink physical layer control signaling, it means that the reader's subsequent scheduled D2R transmissions used duplicate transmissions.

[0248] Using repetition, 1 bit indicates that the transmission was repeated.

[0249] The number of times to retransmit, indicated by N bits.

[0250] For repeated transmission types, such as bit-level type 1 repetition, bit-level type 2 repetition, and TB-level repetition, use 2 bits to indicate the repeated transmission type.

[0251] Method 2: Configure the device with at least one of the following through a higher-level signaling reader: repeated transmission, number of repeated transmissions, and type of repeated transmission.

[0252] Bit-level type 1 repetition: After adding a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), each bit of the information bit is repeated N times.

[0253] Bit-level type 2 repetition: After adding CRC and forward error correction (FEC) encoding, each bit of the information bit is repeated N times.

[0254] For TB-level repetition, after the CRC is added, the information bits and the CRC are repeated together, N times.

[0255] For example, in R2D downlink control information, 1 bit is used to indicate whether repetition is used in the uplink; a bit value of 1 indicates that subsequent D2R transmissions will use repetition, and a bit value of 0 indicates that subsequent D2R transmissions will not use repetition. For example, N bits can be used to indicate the number of repetitions, such as a maximum of 16 repetitions; 4 bits can be used to indicate the number of repetitions; or 2 bits can be used to indicate the type of repetition, as shown in Table 1.

[0256] Table 1

[0257] Example 2: When uplink D2R transmission uses repetition, the reader controls the CW node to transmit using a power less than the maximum transmission power Pcmax. (In contrast to Example 1, there is an inverse relationship between repeated transmission and using the maximum transmission power. If repeated transmission has already been used, it means that strong coverage can be obtained, so there is no need for the CW to use the maximum transmission power.)

[0258] The reader determines whether the device uses duplicates for uplink transmissions in the following way.

[0259] Method 1: If the reader indicates at least one of the following information in the downlink physical layer control signaling, it means that the reader's subsequent scheduled D2R transmissions used duplicate transmissions.

[0260] Using repetition, 1 bit indicates that the transmission was repeated.

[0261] The number of times to retransmit, indicated by N bits.

[0262] For repeated transmission types, such as bit-level type 1 repetition, bit-level type 2 repetition, and TB-level repetition, use 2 bits to indicate the repeated transmission type.

[0263] Method 2: Configure the device with repeated transmission, the number of repeated transmissions, and the type of repeated transmission through the higher-level signaling reader.

[0264] Bit-level type 1 repetition: After adding the CRC, each bit of the information bit is repeated N times.

[0265] Bit-level type 2 repetition: After adding CRC and FEC encoding, each bit of the information bit is repeated N times.

[0266] For TB-level repetition, after the CRC is added, the information bits and CRC are repeated together, N times (these are the same as in Example 1).

[0267] Example 3: If uplink D2R transmission uses repetition and the number of repetitions is less than or equal to threshold 1, then the reader controls the CW node to use the maximum transmission power Pcmax. When the indicated number of repetitions is greater than or equal to threshold 1, then the reader controls the CW node to use a power less than Pcmax for transmission.

[0268] The number of repetitions is determined by the reader in the same way as in Embodiments 1 and 2, that is, the reader knows the number of repeated transmissions and indicates it to the device through physical layer control signaling or higher layer signaling.

[0269] Option 4: Based on the timeline relationship between R2D and D2R transmissions, if the reader sends R2D and then [T...]... R2D_min ,T R2D_max If the reader does not receive an upstream D2R within this time frame, then in the subsequent time frame, the reader controls the CW node to transmit using the maximum transmit power Pcmax.

[0270] Example 1: For instance, during random access, after the reader sends a paging message at t1, in [t1+T]... R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_maxIf the reader does not receive msg1 from the device within this time frame, then in t1+T... R2D_max For the remainder of the period, CW used the maximum transmit power Pcmax to transmit.

[0271] Example 2: In a command service, if the device supports sending an ACK message for the R2D signal sent by the reader, and the reader sends a command at time t2, but the device neither receives the command nor executes the operation in the command, then the reader will send an ACK message within the time range [t2+T]. R2D_min ,t2+T R2D_max If no ACK is received from the device, then t2+T R2D_max In the period that followed, CW used the maximum transmission power Pcmax to transmit.

[0272] Option 5: After the reader sends the R2D, within the time range [T] R2D_min ,T R2D_max If the device does not receive the D2R transmission, it will retransmit the message. During the retransmission period, the CW node increases its transmission power in increments of ΔP. The CW node uses a power of P0 + N × ΔP (1 ≤ N ≤ Nmax) for transmission, where N is the number of times the device retransmits one D2R message.

[0273] Among them, the reader instructs the device to retransmit, the number of retransmission resources is Nmax, which is configured by higher layer signaling or indicated by R2D physical layer control signaling. The initial transmit power value of CW is P0, which is configured by higher layer signaling RRC.

[0274] The value of P0+N×△P(1≤N≤Nmax) is less than or equal to Pcmax.

[0275] The P0 value and ΔP are configured in the higher-level signaling RRC.

[0276] Example 1: For example, during random access, when the reader sends msg2 at time t1, within the time range [t1+T]... R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_maxIf the reader does not receive msg3 from the device and instructs the device to retransmit msg3, the CW node will send it with a power value of P0+ΔP during the first retransmission of msg3. If the reader still does not receive D2R, the device will retransmit it again, and the CW node will send it with a power value of P0+2ΔP. Once the reader receives D2R from the device, it will no longer increase the transmission power value of the CW.

[0277] Example 2: For example, during random access, when the reader sends msg2 at time t1, within the time range [t1+T]... R2D_min ,t1+T R2D_max If the reader does not receive msg3 from the device and instructs the device to retransmit msg3, during the first retransmission of msg3, the CW node transmits at a power value of P0+ΔP. If the reader still does not receive D2R, the device performs a second retransmission, with the CW node transmitting at a power value of P0+2ΔP. If the reader still does not receive D2R from the device, the device continues with a third retransmission until the last CW node transmits msg1 at its maximum transmission power Pcmax, and the reader receives msg1 from the device.

[0278] In the embodiments disclosed herein, some or all of the steps and their optional implementations may be arbitrarily combined with some or all of the steps in other embodiments, or may be arbitrarily combined with the optional implementations in other embodiments.

[0279] This disclosure also provides an apparatus for implementing any of the above methods. For example, an apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by the terminal in any of the above methods. Alternatively, another apparatus is provided that includes units or modules for implementing the steps performed by a network device (e.g., an access network device, a core network functional node, a core network device, etc.) in any of the above methods.

[0280] It should be understood that the division of units or modules in the above device is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, they can be fully or partially integrated into a single physical entity, or they can be physically separated. Furthermore, the units or modules in the device can be implemented by a processor calling software: for example, the device includes a processor connected to a memory containing instructions. The processor calls the instructions stored in the memory to implement any of the above methods or to implement the functions of the units or modules in the above device. The processor can be, for example, a general-purpose processor, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or a microprocessor, and the memory can be internal or external to the device. Alternatively, the units or modules in the device can be implemented in the form of hardware circuits. The functionality of some or all of the units or modules can be achieved through the design of these hardware circuits, which can be understood as one or more processors. For example, in one implementation, the hardware circuit is an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). The functionality of some or all of the units or modules is achieved through the design of the logical relationships between the components within the circuit. In another implementation, the hardware circuit can be implemented using a programmable logic device (PLD). Taking a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) as an example, it can include a large number of logic gates. The connection relationships between the logic gates are configured through configuration files, thereby achieving the functionality of some or all of the units or modules. All units or modules of the above device can be implemented entirely through processor-called software, entirely through hardware circuits, or partially through processor-called software with the remaining parts implemented through hardware circuits.

[0281] In this embodiment, the processor is a circuit with signal processing capabilities. In one implementation, the processor can be a circuit with instruction read and execute capabilities, such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a microprocessor, a graphics processing unit (GPU) (which can be understood as a microprocessor), or a digital signal processor (DSP). In another implementation, the processor can implement certain functions through the logical relationships of hardware circuits. The logical relationships of the aforementioned hardware circuits are fixed or reconfigurable. For example, the processor is a hardware circuit implemented using an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) or a programmable logic device (PLD), such as an FPGA. In a reconfigurable hardware circuit, the process of the processor loading a configuration document and configuring the hardware circuit can be understood as the process of the processor loading instructions to implement the functions of some or all of the above units or modules. Furthermore, it can also be a hardware circuit designed for artificial intelligence, which can be understood as an ASIC, such as a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Tensor Processing Unit (TPU), or a Deep Learning Processing Unit (DPU).

[0282] Figure 5A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 5A, the first device 5100 may include a processing module 5101. In some embodiments, the processing module 5101 is used to determine the transmission power of the CW node transmitting CW. Optionally, the processing module is used to perform at least one of the steps performed by the first device in any of the above methods (e.g., step S2101, but not limited thereto), which will not be described in detail here.

[0283] In some embodiments, the terminal may further include a transceiver module.

[0284] In some embodiments, the CW is used by the second device to send uplink information to the first device.

[0285] In some embodiments, the processing module is used to determine that the transmission power is the maximum transmission power.

[0286] In some embodiments, the processing module is configured to determine that the transmission power is the maximum transmission power during the time when the second device transmits the first type of information.

[0287] In some embodiments, the start time of sending the first type of information is determined based on a first time point and a first shortest duration, and the end time of sending the first type of information is determined based on the first time point and a first longest duration; the first time point is the time point at which the first device sends downlink information, the first shortest duration is the shortest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information, and the first longest duration is the longest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information.

[0288] In some embodiments, the time for sending the first type of information is determined based on the start time of the second device sending the first type of information and the duration of the second device sending the first type of information.

[0289] In some embodiments, the first type of information includes at least one of the following: message Msg1; Msg3; response message.

[0290] In some embodiments, the processing module is used by the second device to determine the transmission power as the maximum transmission power when the device uses repeated transmission.

[0291] In some embodiments, the processing module is used by the second device to repeatedly transmit and determine the transmission power as a first transmission power.

[0292] In some embodiments, the processing module is configured to determine the transmission power as the maximum transmission power when the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is less than or equal to a first threshold; and to determine the transmission power as the first transmission power when the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than the first threshold.

[0293] In some embodiments, the processing module is configured to determine the transmission power as the maximum transmission power when the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than a first threshold; and to determine the transmission power as the first transmission power when the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is less than or equal to the first threshold.

[0294] In some embodiments, the transceiver module is used to send first information to a second device; wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: information indicating repeated transmission; the number of times repeated transmission is performed; and the type of repeated transmission.

[0295] In some embodiments, the processing module is configured to determine, if no uplink information is received from the second device within a first time period, that the transmission power is the maximum transmission power during a time period after the first time period.

[0296] In some embodiments, the processing module is configured to determine that the transmission power is a second transmission power during a first time period; if no uplink information is received from the second device during the first time period, the transmission power is increased by a preset step size each time the second device repeatedly transmits the uplink information, until a condition is met; the condition includes one of the following: the first device receives the uplink information; the transmission power reaches the maximum transmission power; the number of repeated transmissions reaches a second threshold.

[0297] In some embodiments, the first device and the CW node device are the same device, or the first device and the CW node device are different devices.

[0298] Figure 5B is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second device proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. As shown in Figure 5B, the second device 5200 may include a transceiver module 5201. In some embodiments, the transceiver module 5201 is used to receive CW transmitted by a continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node; the transmission power of the CW is a maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, wherein the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power; and to transmit uplink information to the first device based on the CW. Optionally, the transceiver module is used to perform at least one of the steps performed by the second device in any of the above methods (e.g., steps S2103 and S2104, but not limited thereto), which will not be described in detail here.

[0299] In some embodiments, the network device may further include a processing module.

[0300] In some embodiments, the transmission power is the maximum transmission power.

[0301] In some embodiments, the transmission power is the maximum transmission power during the time the second device transmits the first type of information.

[0302] In some embodiments, the start time of sending the first type of information is determined based on a first time point and a first shortest duration, and the end time of sending the first type of information is determined based on the first time point and a first longest duration; the first time point is the time point at which the first device sends downlink information, the first shortest duration is the shortest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information, and the first longest duration is the longest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information.

[0303] In some embodiments, the time for sending the first type of information is determined based on the start time of the second device sending the first type of information and the duration of the second device sending the first type of information.

[0304] In some embodiments, the first type of information includes at least one of the following: message Msg1; Msg3; response message.

[0305] In some embodiments, the second device uses repeated transmission, and the transmission power is the maximum transmission power.

[0306] In some embodiments, the second device uses repeated transmission, and the transmission power is a first transmission power.

[0307] In some embodiments, the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the transmission power is the maximum transmission power; or, the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than the first threshold, and the transmission power is the first transmission power.

[0308] In some embodiments, the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than a first threshold, and the transmission power is the maximum transmission power; or, the second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the transmission power is the first transmission power.

[0309] In some embodiments, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive first information sent by the first device; determine, based on the first information, to use repeated transmission; wherein the first information includes at least one of the following: information indicating the use of repeated transmission; the number of times repeated transmission is used; and the type of repeated transmission.

[0310] In some embodiments, the transmission power is the maximum transmission power during the time period following the first time period, and the first time period is the time period during which the first device does not receive uplink information sent by the second device.

[0311] In some embodiments, the transmission power is a second transmission power during a first time period, and the first time period is the time period during which the second device first transmits uplink information and the second device does not receive the uplink information; each time the second device repeatedly transmits the uplink information, the transmission power increases by a preset step size until a condition is met; the condition includes one of the following: the first device receives the uplink information; the transmission power reaches the maximum transmission power; the number of repeated transmissions reaches a second threshold.

[0312] In some embodiments, the first device and the CW node device are the same device, or the first device and the CW node device are different devices.

[0313] In some embodiments, the processing module may be a single module or may include multiple sub-modules. Optionally, the multiple sub-modules may each perform all or part of the steps required by the processing module. Optionally, the processing module may be interchangeable with a processor.

[0314] Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device 6100 proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. The communication device 6100 can be a network device (e.g., access network device, core network device, etc.), a terminal (e.g., user equipment, etc.), a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the network device in implementing any of the above methods, or a chip, chip system, or processor that supports the terminal in implementing any of the above methods. The communication device 6100 can be used to implement the methods described in the above method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above method embodiments.

[0315] As shown in Figure 6A, the communication device 6100 includes one or more processors 6101. The processor 6101 can be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit (CPU). The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the CPU can be used to control communication devices (e.g., base stations, baseband chips, terminal devices, terminal device chips, DUs or CUs, etc.), execute programs, and process program data. Optionally, the communication device 6100 can be used to execute any of the above methods. Optionally, one or more processors 6101 can be used to invoke instructions to cause the communication device 6100 to execute any of the above methods.

[0316] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more transceivers 6102. When the communication device 6100 includes one or more transceivers 6102, the transceiver 6102 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps S2102, S2103, S2104, but not limited thereto), and the processor 6101 performs at least one of the other steps. In optional embodiments, the transceiver may include a receiver and / or a transmitter, which may be separate or integrated. Optionally, the terms transceiver, transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, interface circuit, interface, etc., can be used interchangeably; the terms transmitter, transmitting unit, transmitter, transmitting circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably; and the terms receiver, receiving unit, receiver, receiving circuit, etc., can be used interchangeably.

[0317] In some embodiments, the communication device 6100 further includes one or more memories 6103 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6103 may be located outside the communication device 6100. In optional embodiments, the communication device 6100 may include one or more interface circuits 6104. Optionally, the interface circuits 6104 are connected to the memories 6103 and can be used to receive data from the memories 6103 or other devices, and to send data to the memories 6103 or other devices. For example, the interface circuits 6104 can read data stored in the memories 6103 and send that data to the processor 6101.

[0318] The communication device 6100 described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication device 6100 described in this disclosure is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device 6100 may not be limited by FIG. 6A. The communication device may be a standalone device or a part of a larger device. For example, the communication device may be: (1) a standalone integrated circuit IC, or chip, or chip system or subsystem; (2) a collection of one or more ICs, optionally, the IC collection may also include storage components for storing data and programs; (3) an ASIC, such as a modem; (4) a module that can be embedded in other devices; (5) a receiver, terminal device, smart terminal device, cellular phone, wireless device, handheld device, mobile unit, vehicle device, network device, cloud device, artificial intelligence device, etc.; (6) others, etc.

[0319] Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the chip structure proposed in an embodiment of this disclosure. For cases where the communication device 6100 can be a chip or a chip system, please refer to the schematic diagram of the chip 6200 shown in Figure 6B, but it is not limited thereto.

[0320] Chip 6200 includes one or more processors 6201. Chip 6200 is used to perform any of the methods described above.

[0321] In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more interface circuits 6202. Optionally, terms such as interface circuit, interface, and transceiver pin can be used interchangeably. In some embodiments, chip 6200 further includes one or more memories 6203 for storing data. Optionally, all or part of the memories 6203 may be located outside chip 6200. Optionally, interface circuit 6202 is connected to memory 6203, and interface circuit 6202 can be used to receive data from memory 6203 or other devices, and interface circuit 6202 can be used to send data to memory 6203 or other devices. For example, interface circuit 6202 can read data stored in memory 6203 and send the data to processor 6201.

[0322] In some embodiments, the interface circuit 6202 performs at least one of the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method (e.g., steps S2102, S2103, and S2104, but not limited thereto). For example, the interface circuit 6202 performing the communication steps such as sending and / or receiving in the above method means that the interface circuit 6202 performs data interaction between the processor 6201, the chip 6200, the memory 6203, or the transceiver device. In some embodiments, the processor 6201 performs at least one of the other steps.

[0323] The modules and / or devices described in the various embodiments, such as virtual devices, physical devices, and chips, can be combined or separated arbitrarily as needed. Optionally, some or all steps can also be performed collaboratively by multiple modules and / or devices, which is not limited here.

[0324] This disclosure also proposes a storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on the communication device 6100, cause the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the storage medium is an electronic storage medium. Optionally, the storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a storage medium readable by other devices. Optionally, the storage medium may be a non-transitory storage medium, but not limited thereto; it may also be a temporary storage medium.

[0325] This disclosure also provides a program product that, when executed by the communication device 6100, causes the communication device 6100 to perform any of the above methods. Optionally, the program product is a computer program product.

[0326] This disclosure also proposes a computer program that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform any of the above methods.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: Performed by a first device, the method includes: The transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node for transmitting CW is determined, wherein the transmission power is either the maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, and the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The CW is used by the second device to send uplink information to the first device.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node includes: The transmission power is determined to be the maximum transmission power.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node includes: The transmission power is determined to be the maximum transmission power during the time when the second device transmits the first type of information.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The start time point for sending the first type of information is determined based on a first time point and a first shortest duration, and the end time point for sending the first type of information is determined based on the first time point and a first longest duration; the first time point is the time point when the first device sends downlink information, the first shortest duration is the shortest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information, and the first longest duration is the longest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information.

6. The method of claim 4, wherein, The time for sending the first type of information is determined based on the start time of the second device sending the first type of information and the duration of the second device sending the first type of information.

7. The method of claim 4, wherein, The first type of information includes at least one of the following: Message Msg1; Msg3; Response message.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node includes: The second device uses repeated transmission to determine that the transmission power is the maximum transmission power.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node includes: The second device uses repeated transmission to determine the transmission power as the first transmission power.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node includes: The second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is less than or equal to a first threshold to determine the transmission power as the maximum transmission power; The second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than a first threshold to determine the transmission power as the first transmission power.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node includes: The second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than a first threshold to determine the transmission power as the maximum transmission power; The second device uses repeated transmissions and the number of repeated transmissions is less than or equal to a first threshold to determine the transmission power as the first transmission power.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that, The method further includes: Send the first message to the second device; The first information includes at least one of the following: Instructions to use repeatedly sent information; The number of times to send repeatedly; Type of repeated transmission.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node includes: If no uplink information is received from the second device within the first time period, it is determined that the transmission power is the maximum transmission power in the time period after the first time period.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein, The determination of the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node includes: Within the first time period, the transmission power is determined to be the second transmission power; If no uplink information is received from the second device during the first time period, the transmission power is increased by a preset step size each time the second device repeatedly sends the uplink information until the condition is met. The conditions include one of the following: The first device receives the uplink information; The transmission power has reached its maximum transmission power. The number of repeated transmissions has reached the second threshold.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein, The first device and the CW node device are the same device, or the first device and the CW node device are different devices.

16. A method of communication, comprising: Performed by a second device, the method includes: Receive CW transmitted by the continuous electromagnetic wave CW node; the transmission power of the CW is the maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, wherein the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power; Based on the CW, uplink information is sent to the first device.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein, The transmission power is the maximum transmission power.

18. The method of claim 16, wherein, During the time the second device sends the first type of information, the transmission power is the maximum transmission power.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The start time of sending the first type of information is determined based on a first time point and a first shortest duration, and the end time of sending the first type of information is determined based on the first time point and a first longest duration; the first time point is the time point when the first device sends downlink information, the first shortest duration is the shortest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information, and the first longest duration is the longest duration between the first device sending the downlink information and the second device sending uplink information.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein, The time for sending the first type of information is determined based on the start time of the second device sending the first type of information and the duration of the second device sending the first type of information.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein, The first type of information includes at least one of the following: Message Msg1; Msg3; Response message.

22. The method of claim 16, wherein, The second device uses repeated transmission, and the transmission power is the maximum transmission power.

23. The method of claim 16, wherein, The second device uses repeated transmission, and the transmission power is the first transmission power.

24. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The second device uses repeated transmissions with the number of repeated transmissions less than or equal to a first threshold, and the transmission power is the maximum transmission power; or, The second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is greater than a first threshold, and the transmission power is the first transmission power.

25. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The second device uses repeated transmissions, and the number of repeated transmissions exceeds a first threshold; the transmission power is the maximum transmission power; or, The second device uses repeated transmission and the number of repeated transmissions is less than or equal to a first threshold, and the transmission power is a first transmission power.

26. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that, The method further includes: Receive the first information sent by the first device; Based on the first information, it is determined that repeated transmission will be used; The first information includes at least one of the following: Instructions to use repeatedly sent information; The number of times to send repeatedly; Type of repeated transmission.

27. The method of claim 16, wherein, The transmission power is the maximum transmission power during the period following the first time period, where the first time period is the period during which the first device does not receive uplink information from the second device.

28. The method of claim 16, wherein, During the first time period, the transmission power is the first transmission power, and the first time period is the time period during which the second device first transmits uplink information and the second device does not receive the uplink information; Each time the second device repeatedly transmits the uplink information, the transmission power increases by a preset step size until the condition is met; The conditions include one of the following: The first device receives the uplink information; The transmission power has reached its maximum transmission power. The number of repeated transmissions has reached the second threshold.

29. The method of claim 16, wherein, The first device and the CW node device are the same device, or the first device and the CW node device are different devices.

30. A first device, comprising: include: The processing module is used to determine the transmission power of the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node transmitting CW, wherein the transmission power is either the maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, and the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power.

31. A second device, comprising: include: The transceiver module is used to receive CW signals transmitted by the continuous electromagnetic wave (CW) node. The CW's transmission power is either the maximum transmission power or a first transmission power, where the first transmission power is less than the maximum transmission power; uplink information is transmitted to the first device based on the CW.

32. A first device, comprising: include: One or more processors; The first device is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

33. A second device, comprising: include: One or more processors; The second device is used to perform the method according to any one of claims 16 to 29.

34. A communication system, characterized by The device includes a first device and a second device, wherein the first device is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 1 to 15, and the second device is configured to implement the method of any one of claims 16 to 29.

35. A storage medium, the storage medium storing instructions, wherein, When the instructions are executed on a communication device, the communication device performs the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 15 or the method as described in any one of claims 16 to 29.

36. A program product, characterized by include: A computer program, when executed by a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 15 or the method as described in any one of claims 16 to 29.

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